From Scarcity to Solutions 2025

Endnotes 1. Sources: – Ranganathan, J. et al. (2018). How to Sustainably Feed 10 Billion People by 2050, in 21 Charts. World Resources Institute. https://www.wri.org/insights/how-sustainably-feed-10-billion-people-2050-21-charts. – Boretti, A. & Rosa, L. (2019). Reassessing the projections of the World Water Development Report. npj Clean Water, 2, Article number: 15. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41545-019-0039-9. 2. National Bureau of Statistics of China. (2023). Bulletin on the National Grain Production in 2023. https://www.stats.gov. cn/english/PressRelease/202312/t20231221_1945708.html. 3. Sources: – Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of The People’s Republic of China. (2023-24). Data and Statistics. http://english.moa.gov.cn/datastatistics/. – Permanent Mission of the People’s Republic of China to the UN. (2023). Speech by Minister Li Guoying at the General Debate of the Plenary Session of the 2023 UN Water Conference. http://un.china-mission.gov.cn/eng/hyyfy/202303/ t20230323_11048133.htm. 4. Chibani, A. (2023). The Costs and Benefits of Water Desalination in the Gulf. Arab Center Washington DC. https://arabcenterdc.org/resource/the-costs-and-benefits-of-water-desalination-in-the-gulf/. 5. Hemingway Jaynes, C. (2023). Global freshwater demand will exceed supply 40% by 2030, experts warn. World Economic Forum. https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2023/03/global-freshwater-demand-will-exceed-supply-40- by-2030-experts-warn/. 6. Sources: – Ranganathan, J. et al. (2018). How to Sustainably Feed 10 Billion People by 2050, in 21 Charts. World Resources Institute. https://www.wri.org/insights/how-sustainably-feed-10-billion-people-2050-21-charts. – Boretti, A. & Rosa, L. (2019). Reassessing the projections of the World Water Development Report. npj Clean Water, 2, Article number: 15. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41545-019-0039-9. 7. Sources: – Grand View Research. (2025). Global Food Technology Market Size & Outlook, 2023-2030. https://www.grandviewresearch.com/horizon/outlook/food-technology-market-size/global. – Bluefield Research. (2025). Industry Insights. https://www.bluefieldresearch.com/our-products/water-market-insights/. 8. Sources: – Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of The People’s Republic of China. (2023-24). Data and Statistics. http://english.moa.gov.cn/datastatistics/. – Ministry of Water Resources, The People’s Republic of China. (2023). Li Guoying made a speech at the general debate of the Plenary Session of the 2023 UN Water Conference. http://www.mwr.gov.cn/english/news/ MinistersActivities/202311/t20231102_1689279.html. 9. Statista. (2025). Average annual per capita disposable income of urban and rural households in China from 1990 to 2024 (in yuan). https://www.statista.com/statistics/259451/annual-per-capita-disposable-income-of-rural-and-urban- households-in-china/. 10. Kuzma, S., Saccoccia, L. & Chertock, M. (2023). 25 Countries, Housing One-Quarter of the Population, Face Extremely High Water Stress. World Resources Institute. https://www.wri.org/insights/highest-water-stressed-countries. 11. Chibani, A. (2023). The Costs and Benefits of Water Desalination in the Gulf. Arab Center Washington DC. https://arabcenterdc.org/resource/the-costs-and-benefits-of-water-desalination-in-the-gulf/. 12. Sources: – Grand View Research. (2025). Horizon Databook: The World’s Largest Portal for Market Reports & Statistics. https://www.grandviewresearch.com/horizon/. – UBS Investment Bank. Global Research. https://www.ubs.com/global/en/investment-bank/insights-and-data/global- research.html. – BIS Research. (2025). FoodTech Market. https://bisresearch.com/industry-verticals/foodtech. – Statista. (2025). Market Insights. https://www.statista.com/outlook/. – Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). (2025). Statistics. https://www.fao.org/statistics/en/. – Boston Consulting Group. (2025). Internal analysis (unpublished). 13. Connor, R. & Chaves Pacheco, S.M. (2024). Global employment trends and the water dependency of jobs: technical paper. UNESCO World Water Assessment Programme. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000388410. From Scarcity to Solutions: Food-Water Innovation in Asia and the Middle East 46