Benchmarking gender gaps, 20231 The Global Gender Gap Index was first introduced by the World Economic Forum in 2006 to benchmark progress towards gender parity and compare countries’ gender gaps across four dimensions: economic opportunities, education, health and political leadership. To ensure a global representation of the gender gap, the report aims to cover as many economies as possible. For a country to be included, it must report data for a minimum 12 of the 14 indicators that comprise the index. We also aim to include the latest data available, reported within the last 10 years. The report this year covers 146 countries. In this edition, Croatia rejoins the index, whereas Guyana drops out. Among the 146 countries included this year are a set of 102 countries that have been covered in all editions since the inaugural one in 2006. Scores based on this constant set of countries are used to compare regional and global aggregates across time.It should be noted that there may be time lags in the data collection and validation processes across the organizations from which the data is sourced, and that all results should be interpreted within a range of global, regional and national contextual factors. The Economy Profiles at the end of the report provide a large range of additional data.Country coverage 1.1SourceThe Global Gender Gap Index Framework FIGURE 1.1 Subindex 1 Economic Participation and Opportunity Subindex 2 Educational Attainment Subindex 3 Health and Survival Subindex 4 Political Empowerment World Economic Forum, Global Gender Gap Index , 2023 .The goal of the report is to offer a consistent annual metric for the assessment of progress over time. Using the methodology introduced in 2006, the index and the analysis focus on benchmarking parity between women and men across countries and regions. The level of progress toward gender parity (the parity score) for each indicator is calculated as the ratio of the value of each indicator for women to the value for men. A parity score of 1 indicates full parity. The gender gap is the distance from full parity. The analysis in this report is focused on assessing gender gaps between women and men across economic, educational, health and political outcomes based on the data available (Figure 1.1). For further information on the index methodology, please refer to Appendix B. Global Gender Gap Report 2023 June 2023 Global Gender Gap Report 2023 9

GGGR 2023