Asia-Pacific SAF plant expansion continued in Asia-Pacific during 2025. For example: –Petronas successfully delivered the first SAF to Kuala Lumpur for Malaysian Airlines Group,12 while continuing the construction of a 0.65 million tonne facility expected to start operations in 2028.13 –China’s SAF production volumes have been increasing, driven by an anti-dumping regulation introduced by the European Union (EU) that has lowered demand for renewable diesel from China.14 As of 2025, more than 40 SAF facilities are now operating or under development15 and an increasing number of plants has been granted certification.16 China received permits to export nearly 1.2 million tonnes of SAF to other countries,17 while a new SAF export pilot zone was created in Henan,18 demonstrating China’s willingness to play an increasingly global exporter role. Europe Both Europe’s SAF production capacity and its pipeline expanded since publication of the Global Aviation Sustainability Outlook 2025. For example: –In Spain, Moeve continues to progress its SAF plant at La Rabida Energy Park (up to 0.5 million tonnes per year), expected to begin operations in 2026.19 –In Italy, Eni began production of SAF in Gela (0.4 million tonnes per year) and announced plans to develop additional HEFA biorefineries across Italy ahead of 2028.20 –In the Netherlands, SkyNRG announced it has secured funding for its first large-scale SAF production plant (0.1 million tonnes per year) and has begun construction, with operations expected to commence in 2028.21 At the same time, driven by policy, Europe saw momentum for more advanced production pathways beyond HEFA, with over 40 e-fuels plants under development as of 2025. For example: –In Germany, Ineratec commenced operations at its Era One plant (2,500 tonnes per year) in June 2025.22 –In Spain, Moeve and Zaffra partnered to explore the feasibility of e-SAF production.23 –In the United Kingdom (UK), more than half the 17 projects selected for a share of £65 million of government grants from the government’s latest Advanced Fuels Fund are planning to develop e-fuels,24 while new plants were also announced in Norway, Finland and the Netherlands.25,26 –In France, at least nine e-SAF plants are being developed, showing an increasing focus on power-to-liquid technology to mitigate the continent’s limited resource availability and stricter feedstock policies. Our achievement at LanzaJet Freedom Pines Fuels represented a vital step in the continued scaling of sustainable aviation fuel, with our alcohol-to-jet technology now having operated at commercial scale producing ASTM-certified fuel. As the world’s first non-oil based, drop-in aviation fuel pathway, fully compatible with existing aircraft, it represents the clear next phase of SAF deployment and complements established HEFA volumes. At a time when governments and industries are confronting energy security pressures and supply chain disruption, diversifying feedstocks and anchoring production regionally has become a strategic imperative. By unlocking this uniquely scalable SAF pathway, we strengthen system resilience, while accelerating aviation’s trajectory toward net zero. Jimmy Samartzis, Chief Executive Officer and Board Director, LanzaJet The progress of DSL-01, our SAF production plant in the Netherlands, marks an important milestone as we build a global platform for SAF production, alongside developments at Project Wigeon in the United States and Project Skykraft in Sweden. Europe’s expanding SAF and e-SAF pipeline shows the industry is moving from ambition to implementation, and scaling now depends on both project delivery and effective policy mechanisms such as the EU’s proposed e-SAF double auction to unlock investment and accelerate deployment. Maarten van Dijk, Chief Executive Officer & Co-founder, SkyNRG Global Aviation Sustainability Outlook 2026 15