Individuals using the internet Source: International Telecommunication Union (ITU) International students (as a percentage of the population) Methodological notes: Due to data availability, destination countries included are Australia, Canada, China, France, Germany, Japan, New Zealand, Norway, Spain, the UK and the US. The 2021 values were linearly interpolated for China and Norway. Source: Institute of International Education IT goods trade (as a percentage of GDP) Source: UNCTAD IT services trade (as a percentage of GDP) Source: UNCTAD Total factor productivity Source: The Conference Board Climate and natural capital Adaptation finance (as a percentage of GDP) Methodological notes: 2023 figures were extrapolated based on the 2012-2022 CAGR. Source: Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) Biodiversity Intactness Index This metric was removed this year as it had not recently been updated. Its removal did not have a material impact. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions Source: United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) GHG emissions intensity (ratio of emissions to GDP) Source: UNEP and World Bank Low-carbon goods trade (as a percentage of GDP) Source: IMF Methodological notes: The 2023 figure was extrapolated from the partially reported 2023 data to the corresponding 2022 data and applying that to the balance of the 2022 data. Marine protected area Source: Protected PlanetMitigation finance (as a percentage of GDP) Methodological notes: Mitigation finance includes dual-use finance, as it is assumed to be total climate finance minus adaptation finance. The 2023 figure for total climate finance was extrapolated based on the 2012-2022 CAGR. Source: CPI Ocean Health Index Source: Ocean Health Index Terrestrial protected area Methodological notes: The 2022 and 2023 figures were extrapolated based on the 2012-2021 CAGR. Source: Protected Planet Health and wellness Cross-border health-related R&D (as a percentage of GDP) Methodological notes: Total health-related R&D is used in this instance as a proxy for cross-border R&D, given that cross-border R&D data is scant. Source: Policy Cures Research Development assistance for health (DAH) (as a percentage of GDP) Source: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) Methodological notes: IHME’s forecasted values were used for the 2020-2022 figures. Source: IHME Health-related goods trade (as a percentage of GDP) Methodological notes: The 2023 figure was extrapolated by applying the rate of change found in the reported data between 2022 and 2023 to the 2022 figure. Source: UN Comtrade International Health Regulations (IHR) score Methodological notes: All capacities’ average score used Source: WHO Life expectancy at birth Source: United Nations Maternal mortality Source: IHME Under-five mortality Source: IHME The Global Cooperation Barometer 2025 Second Edition 24