Global Cybersecurity Outlook 2025

Images: Getty Images Disclaimer This document is published by the World Economic Forum as a contribution to a project, insight area or interaction. The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed herein are a result of a collaborative process facilitated and endorsed by the World Economic Forum but whose results do not necessarily represent the views of the World Economic Forum, nor the entirety of its Members, Partners or other stakeholders. © 2025 World Economic Forum. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system.Contents Foreword Executive summary 1 Understanding complexity in cyberspace 1.1 Major disparities and disruptions 1.2 The challenge for the year ahead 2 Decoding complexity 2.1 The cyberthreat landscape 2.2 Security in the Intelligent Age 2.3 Growing ecosystem interdependencies and risks 2.4 The state of cyber resilience 3 Navigating complexity in cyberspace 3.1 Introducing the economics of cybersecurity Conclusion Appendix: Methodology Contributors Acknowledgements Endnotes3 4 8 9 9 11 12 19 23 32 40 40 42 43 44 44 47 Global Cybersecurity Outlook 2025 2