Global Risks Report 2026

Kenya 01 st Lack of economic opportunity or unemployment 02 nd Insufficient public services and social protections (incl. education, infrastructure, pensions) 03 rd Debt (public, corporate, household) 04 th Economic downturn (e.g. recession, stagnation) 05 th Adverse outcomes of artificial intelligence technologies Kosovo* 01 st Inflation 02 nd Cyber insecurity 03 rd Extreme weather events (floods, heatwaves etc.) 04 th Cyber warfare 05 th Adverse outcomes of artificial intelligence technologies Kuwait 01 st Adverse outcomes of artificial intelligence technologies 02 nd Asset bubble burst 03 rd Economic downturn (e.g. recession, stagnation) 04 th Decline in health and well-being 05 th Pollution (air, water, soil) Kyrgyzstan 01 st Inflation 02 nd Infectious diseases 03 rd Talent and/or labour shortages 04 th Inequality (wealth, income) 05 th Pollution (air, water, soil) Lao PDR 01 st Inflation 02 nd Economic downturn (e.g. recession, stagnation) 03 rd Talent and/or labour shortages 04 th Disruptions to a systematically important supply chain 05 th Lack of economic opportunity or unemployment Latvia 01 st State-based armed conflict (proxy, civil wars, coups, terrorism, etc.) 02 nd Debt (public, corporate, household) 03 rd Economic downturn (e.g. recession, stagnation) 04 th Cyber warfare 05 th Inflation Lesotho 01 st Lack of economic opportunity or unemployment 02 nd Economic downturn (e.g. recession, stagnation) 03 rd Extreme weather events (floods, heatwaves etc.) 04 th Disruptions to critical infrastructure 05 th Decline in health and well-being Liberia 01 st Lack of economic opportunity or unemployment 02 nd Decline in health and well-being 03 rd Infectious diseases 04 th Pollution (air, water, soil) 05 th Insufficient public services and social protections (incl. education, infrastructure, pensions) Lithuania 01 st Misinformation and disinformation 02 nd State-based armed conflict (proxy, civil wars, coups, terrorism, etc.) 03 rd Inflation 04 th Decline in health and well-being 05 th Cyber warfare Luxembourg 01 st Economic downturn (e.g. recession, stagnation) 02 nd Talent and/or labour shortages 03 rd Cyber insecurity 04 th Geoeconomic confrontation (sanctions, tariffs, investment screening etc.) 05 th Debt (public, corporate, household) Malawi 01 st Economic downturn (e.g. recession, stagnation) 02 nd Debt (public, corporate, household) 03 rd Lack of economic opportunity or unemployment 04 th Inflation 05 th Extreme weather events (floods, heatwaves etc.) Malaysia 01 st Geoeconomic confrontation (sanctions, tariffs, investment screening etc.) 02 nd Talent and/or labour shortages 03 rd Disruptions to a systematically important supply chain 04 th Adverse outcomes of artificial intelligence technologies 05 th Lack of economic opportunity or unemployment Mali 01 st Cyber insecurity 02 nd Biodiversity loss and ecosystem collapse 03 rd Crime and illicit economic activity 04 th Economic downturn (e.g. recession, stagnation) 05 th Debt (public, corporate, household) Malta 01 st Talent and/or labour shortages 02 nd Inflation 03 rd Pollution (air, water, soil) 04 th Disruptions to critical infrastructure 05 th Insufficient public services and social protections (incl. education, infrastructure, pensions) Mauritius 01 st Debt (public, corporate, household) 02 nd Talent and/or labour shortages 03 rd Lack of economic opportunity or unemployment 04 th Natural resource shortages (food, water) 05 th Economic downturn (e.g. recession, stagnation) TABLE C.2 Top five risks identified by the Executive Opinion Survey (EOS) 2025 Global Risks Report 202686