Industrial Electrification 2024

Endnotes 1. International Energy Agency. Electricity. Retrieved from https://www.iea.org/energy-system/electricity. 2. Here and after, a greyed-out icon associated with a specific challenge indicates that this particular action does not address that challenge. 3. European Commission. REPowerEU: Affordable, secure and sustainable energy for Europe. Retrieved from https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/priorities-2019-2024/european-green-deal/repowereu-affordable- secure-and-sustainable-energy-europe_en. 4. European Commission. EU Wind Power Package. Retrieved from https://energy.ec.europa.eu/topics/renewable-energy/ eu-wind-energy_en. 5. SPRI Group. Net-Zero Basque Industrial Super Cluster. Retrieved from: https://www.spri.eus/en/support/net-zero- basque-industrial-super-cluster . 6. European Commission. (2023). The HYBRIT story: unlocking the secret of green steel production. Retrieved from: https://climate.ec.europa.eu/news-your-voice/news/hybrit-story-unlocking-secret-green-steel-production-2023-06-20_en. 7. Basel Agency for Sustainable Energy (BASE). (2021). Energy savings insurance: Building trust in energy efficiency investments. Retrieved from: https://energy-base.org/news/energy-savings-insurance-building-trust-in-energy-efficiency-investments. 8. Scottish Government. Low Carbon Infrastructure Transition Programme. Retrieved from: https://www.gov.scot/policies/ renewable-and-low-carbon-energy/low-carbon-infrastructure-transition-programme. 9. European Hydrogen Observatory. Levelised Cost of Hydrogen Calculator. Retrieved from: https://observatory.clean- hydrogen.europa.eu/tools-reports/levelised-cost-hydrogen-calculator . 10. Technology Collaboration Programme on Heat Pumping Technologies by IEA (HPT TCP). Final Report Annex 48: Industrial Heat Pumps, Second Phase. Retrieved from: https://heatpumpingtechnologies.org/publications/final-report-annex-48- industrial-heat-pumps-second-phase. 11. Legal & General. (2023). Pump it up: Octopus Energy and Legal & General make Britain’s biggest investment in ground source heat pumps. Retrieved from: https://group.legalandgeneral.com/en/newsroom/press-releases/pump-it-up- octopus-energy-and-legal-general-make-britain-s-biggest-investment-in-ground-source-heat-pumps. 12. Pentagreen Capital. Retrieved from: https://www.pentagreen.com. 13. Enel X. How does Energy as a Service work? Retrieved from: https://corporate.enelx.com/en/question-and-answers/ what-is-energy-as-a-service#:~:text=Flexibility%20Solutions&text=In%20the%20Energy%20as%20a,exchange%20 for%20a%20periodical%20fee. 14. European Commission. Green Public Procurement. Retrieved from: https://green-business.ec.europa.eu/green-public- procurement_en. 15. The Climate Group. SteelZero. Retrieved from: https://www.theclimategroup.org/steelzero. 16. The Climate Group. ConcreteZero. Retrieved from: https://www.theclimategroup.org/concretezero. 17. European Commission. (2021). Revision of the Energy Taxation Directive (ETD): Questions and Answers. Retrieved from: https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/qanda_21_3662. 18. European Commission. (2010). Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 November 2010 on industrial emissions (integrated pollution prevention and control). Retrieved from: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/ dir/2010/75/oj.The Industrial Emissions Directive rules help promote innovation in new and emerging technologies and foster material efficiency and decarbonization by encouraging greener practices. 19. European Commission. (2018). Best Available Techniques (BAT) Reference Document for Waste Treatment. Retrieved from: https://eippcb.jrc.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2019-11/JRC113018_WT_Bref.pdf. 20. European Commission. (2019). Best Available Techniques (BAT) Reference Document for the Food, Drink and Milk Industries. Retrieved from: https://eippcb.jrc.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2020-01/JRC118627_FDM_Bref_2019_published.pdf. Industrial Electrification: Strategies and Policies for Europe 13