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61. The steps of the mitigation hierarchy can be expressed differently in various policies, but the core steps remain the same.
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63. While “compensation” can be treated as synonymous with “offsetting”, as aligned with the approach of the International
Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), in this report “compensation” is a more general term, within which biodiversity
offsets are just one subset. Compensation may achieve NNL or BNG (in which case it is an offset), but in other cases,
compensation can involve reparation that falls short of achieving NNL (and is therefore not an offset).
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65. For all new operations and significant expansions, NNL or net gain should be measured against a pre-operation or
pre-expansion baseline respectively. For existing operations and future acquisitions, this should align with an estimated
pre-operation baseline where possible.
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