Physical AI Powering the New Age of Industrial Operations 2025

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Endnotes 1. National AI Research Laboratory. (n.d.). Robotics foundation models: A deep dive. Retrieved 2025, July 31, from https://nairl.kr/robotics-foundation-models/. 2. BCG. (n.d.). BCG-WEF project: AI-powered industrial operations. Retrieved 2025, July 31, from https://www.bcg.com/ about/partner-ecosystem/world-economic-forum/ai-project-survey. 3. Amazon. (n.d.). Amazon unveils the next generation of fulfilment centers powered by AI and 10 times more robotics. Retrieved 2025, July 31, from https://www.aboutamazon.com/news/operations/amazon-fulfillment-center-robotics-ai. 4. International Federation of Robotics (IFR). (2024, September 24). Record of 4 million robots in factories worldwide. https://ifr.org/ifr-press-releases/news/record-of-4-million-robots-working-in-factories-worldwide. 5. Schwab, K. (2024, September 24). The Intelligent Age: A time for cooperation. https://www.weforum.org/stories/2024/09/ the-intelligent-age-a-time-of-cooperation/. 6. Google DeepMind. (n.d.). Gemini Robotics. Retrieved 2025, July 21, from https://deepmind.google/models/gemini- robotics/. 7. NVIDIA Developer. (n.d.). NVIDIA Isaac Groot: Generalist Robot 00 technology. Retrieved 2025, July 21, from https://developer.nvidia.com/isaac/gr00t. 8. World Economic Forum. (2025). Frontier technologies in industrial operations: The rise of artificial intelligence agents. https://reports.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Frontier_Technologies_in_Industrial_Operations_2025.pdf. 9. Tao, M. (2025, May 13). Siemens introduces AI agents for industrial automation. https://roboticsandautomationnews. com/2025/05/13/siemens-introduces-ai-agents-for-industrial-automation/90718/. 10. Sanctuary AI. (2024, January). AI, robotics and the case for teleoperation. https://www.sanctuary.ai/blog/ai-robotics-and- the-case-for-teleoperation. 11. Amazon Career Choice. (n.d.). Amazon career choice. Retrieved 2025, July 28, from https://www.amazoncareerchoice.com. 12. Amazon. (n.d.). Amazon unveils the next generation of fulfillment centers powered by AI and 10 times more robotics. Retrieved 2025, July 25, from https://www.aboutamazon.com/news/operations/amazon-fulfillment-center-robotics-ai. 13. Amazon and MIT. (n.d.). Amazon and MIT are studying how automation affects jobs. Retrieved 2025, July 25, from https://www.aboutamazon.com/news/operations/amazon-mit-study-jobs-and-automation. 14. Heater, B. (2024, November 17). Robust AI’s Carter Pro robot is designed to work with – and be moved by – humans. TechCrunch. https://techcrunch.com/2024/11/17/robust-ais-carter-pro-robot-is-designed-to-work-with-and-be-moved- by-humans/. 15. World Economic Forum. (2025). The future of jobs report 2025. https://www.weforum.org/publications/the-future-of-jobs- report-2025/. Physical AI: Powering the New Age of Industrial Operations 25
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