Piloting the Quantum Economy Blueprint Lessons from Saudi Arabia 2026

Endnotes 1. World Economic Forum. (2024). The Quantum Economy Blueprint. https://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Quantum_Economy_Blueprint_2024.pdf. 2. Centre for the Fourth Industrial Revolution Saudi Arabia. (2025). Towards Saudi Arabia’s quantum-enabled future: Piloting the World Economic Forum’s Quantum Economy Blueprint. https://www.c4irsaudiarabia.org/docs/Towards%20Saudi%20 Arabias%20Quantum-Enabled%20Future.pdf. 3. IBM. (2025). What is quantum-centric supercomputing? https://www.ibm.com/think/topics/quantum-centric-supercomputing. 4. McKinsey & Company. (2025, 23 June). The Year of Quantum: From concept to reality in 2025. https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/tech-and-ai/our-insights/the-year-of-quantum-from-concept-to-reality-in-2025. 5. World Economic Forum. (2025). Quantum technologies: Key strategies and opportunities for ICT leaders. https://reports.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Quantum_Technologies_Key_Strategies_and_Opportunities_for_ICT_ Leaders_2025.pdf. 6. World Economic Forum. (2025). Embracing the Quantum Economy: A Pathway for Business Leaders. https://reports.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Embracing_the_Quantum_Economy_2024.pdf. 7. McKinsey & Company. (2024). Quantum Technology Monitor. https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/ business%20functions/mckinsey%20digital/our%20insights/steady%20progress%20in%20approaching%20the%20 quantum%20advantage/quantum-technology-monitor-april-2024.pdf. 8. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2025). An overview of national strategies and policies for quantum technologies. https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/an-overview-of-national-strategies-and-policies-for- quantum-technologies_5e55e7ab-en.html. 9. International Telecommunication Union (ITU). (2025). Measuring digital development: Facts and Figures 2025. https://www.itu.int/itu-d/reports/statistics/facts-figures-2025/. 10. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2025). An overview of national strategies and policies for quantum technologies. https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/an-overview-of-national-strategies-and-policies-for- quantum-technologies_5e55e7ab-en.html; Swayne, M. (2025, 5 May). ‘Qubits for Peace’: Researchers Warn Quantum Technology Is Deepening the Global Divide. The Quantum Insider. https://thequantuminsider.com/2025/05/05/qubits-for- peace-researchers-warn-quantum-technology-is-deepening-the-global-divide/. 11. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2025). An overview of national strategies and policies for quantum technologies. https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/an-overview-of-national-strategies-and-policies-for- quantum-technologies_5e55e7ab-en.html; Swayne, M. (2025, 5 May). ‘Qubits for Peace’: Researchers Warn Quantum Technology Is Deepening the Global Divide. The Quantum Insider. https://thequantuminsider.com/2025/05/05/qubits-for- peace-researchers-warn-quantum-technology-is-deepening-the-global-divide/. 12. World Economic Forum. (2025). Embracing the Quantum Economy: A Pathway for Business Leaders. https://reports.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Embracing_the_Quantum_Economy_2024.pdf. 13. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). An overview of national strategies and policies for quantum technologies. OECD. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1787/5e55e7ab-en. 14. World Economic Forum. (2024). The Quantum Economy Blueprint. https://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Quantum_Economy_Blueprint_2024.pdf. 15. Centre for the Fourth Industrial Revolution Saudi Arabia. (2025). Towards Saudi Arabia’s quantum-enabled future: Piloting the World Economic Forum’s Quantum Economy Blueprint. https://www.c4irsaudiarabia.org/docs/Towards%20Saudi%20 Arabias%20Quantum-Enabled%20Future.pdf. 16. World Economic Forum. (2022). Quantum Computing Governance Principles. https://www.weforum.org/publications/quantum-computing-governance-principles/. Piloting the Quantum Economy Blueprint 24