Redefining Value From Outcome Based Funding to Tradeable Impact 2025
Page 31 of 32 · WEF_Redefining_Value_From_Outcome_Based_Funding_to_Tradeable_Impact_2025.pdf
1. World Economic Forum. (n.d.). Biodiversity Credits. https://initiatives.weforum.org/financing-for-nature/biodiversitycreditsinitiative.
2. Kuik, F., Morris, R. & Sun, Y. (2022). The impact of climate change on activity and prices – insights from a survey of leading
firms. European Central Bank Economic Bulletin. https://www.ecb.europa.eu/press/economic-bulletin/focus/2022/html/ecb.
ebbox202204_04~1d4c34022a.en.html#:~:text=input%20costs%20and%20prices,to%20intensify%20during%20the%20transition.
3. Alix-Garcia, J., Sims, K., Orozco-Olvera, V. & Monroy, S. (2018). Payments for environmental services supported
social capital while increasing land management. Proc Natl Acad Sci (PNAS), vol. 115, no. 27, pp.7016-7021.
https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.1720873115; Tang, M., et al. (2022). Tax incentives and corporate social responsibility:
The role of cash savings from accelerated depreciation policy. Economic Modelling, vol. 116.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0264999322002772#:~:text=Based%20on%20firm%2Dlevel%20
data,and%20consumer%3B%20and%20the%20environment.
4. Donor Tracker. (2025). Projected ODA changes between 2023 and 2025. https://donortracker.org/publications/budget-cuts-
tracker#tracking-development-budget-cuts.
5. International Monetary Fund. (2023). Fiscal Monitor: On the Path to Policy Normalization. https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/FM/
Issues/2023/04/03/fiscal-monitor-april-2023.
6. World Bank. (2023). Emerging and Developing Economies in the 21st Century. https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/taxes-and-
government-revenue.
7. Charities Aid Foundation. (2024). Corporate Giving 2024: The FTSE and Beyond. https://www.cafonline.org/docs/default-source/
inside-giving/corporate-giving/corporate_giving_report_ftse_100_2024.pdf.
8. Charities Aid Foundation. (2024). Corporate Giving 2024: The FTSE 100 and Beyond. https://www.cafonline.org/insights/research/
corporate-giving-report-2024.
9. Kaplan, R. & Spitzer, C. (2024). A Better Way to Measure Social Impact. Harvard Business Review.
https://hbr.org/2024/09/a-better-way-to-measure-social-impact.
10. Indiana University Lilly Family School of Philanthropy (2024). Giving USA 2024: U.S. Charitable Giving Totaled $557.16 Billion
in 2023. https://philanthropy.indianapolis.iu.edu/news-events/news/_news/2024/giving-usa-us-charitable-giving-totaled-557.16-
billion-in-2023.html.
11. Silverman, L. & Taliento, L. (2006). What Business Execs Don’t Know—but Should—About Nonprofits. Stanford Social Innovation
Review, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 37-43. https://ssir.org/articles/entry/what_business_execs_dont_know_but_should_about_nonprofits.
12. Social Enterprise UK. (2023). Mission Critical: State of Social Enterprise Survey 2023. https://www.socialenterprise.org.uk/seuk-
report/mission-critical-state-of-social-enterprise-survey-2023/.
13. World Economic Forum & Schwab Foundation for Social Entrepreneurship. (2022). Unlocking the Social Economy: Towards an
Inclusive and Resilient Society. https://www.weforum.org/publications/unlocking-the-social-economy-towards-an-inclusive-and-
resilient-society-davos2022/
14. Twidale, S. (2024). Global carbon markets value hit records $949 bln last year – LSEG. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/
markets/commodities/global-carbon-markets-value-hit-record-949-bln-last-year-lseg-2024-02-12/.
15. Morgan Stanley. (2024). Sustainable Funds Outperformed Peers in 2023. https://www.morganstanley.com/ideas/sustainable-
funds-performance-2023-full-year .
16. International Panel on Climate Change. (2022). IPCC Sixth Assessment Report. https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg2/chapter/
summary-for-policymakers/.
17. Despite increasing collaboration on climate and natural capital itself, the Global Collaboration Barometer 2025, published by the
World Economic Forum, has documented a drastic erosion of collaboration on peace and stability since its height in 2016. World
Economic Forum. (2025). The Global Collaboration Barometer. https://www.weforum.org/publications/the-global-cooperation-
barometer-2025/#:~:text=The%20Global%20Cooperation%20Barometer%202025%20offers%20a%20comprehensive%20
assessment%20of,wellness%2C%20and%20peace%20and%20security.
18. Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research. (2024). 38 trillion dollars in damages each year: World economy already committed
to income reduction of 19 % due to climate change. https://www.pik-potsdam.de/en/news/latest-news/38-trillion-dollars-in-
damages-each-year-world-economy-already-committed-to-income-reduction-of-19-due-to-climate-change.
19. International Panel on Climate Change. (2022). IPCC Sixth Assessment Report. https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg2/chapter/
summary-for-policymakers/.
20. United Nations Environment Programme. (2021). Climate change and security risks. https://www.unep.org/topics/disasters-and-
conflicts/environment-security/climate-change-and-security-risks.
21. GigaMaps. (n.d.). Global School connectivity map. https://maps.giga.global/map.
22. Wikipedia. (n.d.). Social return on investment. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_return_on_investment.
23. Serafeim, G. et al. (2019). Impact Weight Financial Accounts: The Missing Piece for an Impact Economy.
Harvard Business School. https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=59129.
24. Paul, A. (2024) The Triumphant take-off for Social Stock Exchanges in India – Transforming the Social Enterprise Financing
Landscape. The Journal of Indian Institute of Banking & Finance, pp. 34. https://www.iibf.org.in/documents/BankQuest/Apr-
June2024/5.pdf#:~:text=Liquidity%20issue%20in%20relation%20to,unlike%20the%20traditional%20stock%20exchanges.
25. United Kingdom’s Department for International Development. (2019). Cheaper by the Dozen: Reducing Costs in Development
Impact Bonds. https://s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/golab.prod/documents/DFID_Pilot_DIBs_evaluation_Briefing_note_
Reducing_transaction_costs.pdf.
26. Giga. (n.d.). How “Connectivity Credits” can help a billion young people get online. https://giga.global/credits/. Endnotes
Redefining Value: From Outcome-Based Funding to Tradeable Impact
31
Ask AI what this page says about a topic: