sources/wallets — index

Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026)

Wallets

2026-10-09

Document text

Research, not advice. Part of the Bitcoin research archive (October 2026). Claims labelled unverified, contested or fringe are reported, not endorsed; statuses of bills and rules are as of the date checked. Government, court and patent records are public domain; the research notes are CC BY 4.0.

sources/wallets — index

Full copies of public government documents, court records and regulator-published filings used by market/2026-10-09-wallets.md. All files retrieved 2026-10-09. Court records come from the CourtListener RECAP archive (public PACER filings) because sec.gov refuses automated downloads; the document is the same one filed with the court. Nothing here is a copyrighted article.

# Title Issuer / author Date of document Source URL Retrieved File
1 FIN-2013-G001, Application of FinCEN's Regulations to Persons Administering, Exchanging, or Using Virtual Currencies FinCEN (US Treasury) 2013-03-18 https://www.fincen.gov/sites/default/files/shared/FIN-2013-G001.pdf 2026-10-09 fincen-2013-virtual-currency-guidance-FIN-2013-G001.pdf
2 FIN-2019-G001, Application of FinCEN's Regulations to Certain Business Models Involving Convertible Virtual Currencies (hosted vs unhosted wallets, §4.2; tool suppliers §4.5.1(b)) FinCEN (US Treasury) 2019-05-09 https://www.fincen.gov/sites/default/files/2019-05/FinCEN%20Guidance%20CVC%20FINAL%20508.pdf 2026-10-09 fincen-2019-cvc-guidance-FIN-2019-G001.pdf
3 Proposed rule, Requirements for Certain Transactions Involving Convertible Virtual Currency or Digital Assets (unhosted-wallet reporting), 85 FR 83840, RIN 1506-AB47. Note: the GPO PDF's first page also carries the tail of an unrelated FAA notice; the FinCEN document starts in the right-hand column of p. 83840 FinCEN (US Treasury), Federal Register 2020-12-23 https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2020-12-23/pdf/2020-28437.pdf 2026-10-09 fincen-2020-12-23-nprm-cvc-unhosted-wallets-85FR83840.pdf
4 SEC v. Coinbase, Inc. and Coinbase Global, Inc., Complaint, No. 1:23-cv-04738 (S.D.N.Y.), Dkt. 1 US Securities and Exchange Commission 2023-06-06 https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.nysd.599908/gov.uscourts.nysd.599908.1.0_2.pdf 2026-10-09 sec-v-coinbase-2023-06-06-complaint.pdf
5 SEC v. Coinbase, Opinion and Order on motion for judgment on the pleadings, Dkt. 105 (726 F. Supp. 3d 260); Wallet claim dismissed, pp. 78-84 US District Court S.D.N.Y. (Judge Katherine Polk Failla) 2024-03-27 https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.nysd.599908/gov.uscourts.nysd.599908.105.0.pdf 2026-10-09 sec-v-coinbase-2024-03-27-opinion-and-order.pdf
6 SEC v. Coinbase, Joint Stipulation to Dismiss, and Releases (with prejudice), Dkt. 178 SEC and Coinbase (court filing) filed 2025-02-28 https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.nysd.599908/gov.uscourts.nysd.599908.178.0.pdf 2026-10-09 sec-v-coinbase-2025-02-28-joint-stipulation-dismissal.pdf
7 SEC v. Payward Ventures, Inc. (d/b/a Kraken), Complaint (staking-as-a-service), No. 3:23-cv-00588 (N.D. Cal.), Dkt. 1 US Securities and Exchange Commission 2023-02-09 https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.cand.408202/gov.uscourts.cand.408202.1.0.pdf 2026-10-09 sec-v-payward-ventures-staking-2023-02-09-complaint.pdf
8 SEC v. Payward, Inc. et al. (Kraken), Complaint (unregistered exchange/broker/dealer/clearing agency; commingling allegations ¶¶ 2, 210-221), No. 3:23-cv-06003 (N.D. Cal.), Dkt. 1 US Securities and Exchange Commission 2023-11-20 https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.cand.421113/gov.uscourts.cand.421113.1.0.pdf 2026-10-09 sec-v-payward-kraken-2023-11-20-complaint.pdf
9 SEC v. Payward, Order Denying Motion to Dismiss, Dkt. 90 US District Court N.D. Cal. (Judge William H. Orrick) 2024-08-23 https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.cand.421113/gov.uscourts.cand.421113.90.0_1.pdf 2026-10-09 sec-v-payward-kraken-2024-08-23-order-denying-motion-to-dismiss.pdf
10 United States v. Coinbase, Inc., Order re Petition to Enforce IRS Summons (John Doe summons; 14,355 accounts), No. 3:17-cv-01431, Dkt. 78 US District Court N.D. Cal. (Magistrate Judge Jacqueline Scott Corley) 2017-11-28 https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.cand.308850/gov.uscourts.cand.308850.78.0.pdf 2026-10-09 us-v-coinbase-irs-john-doe-summons-2017-11-28-order.pdf
11 United States v. Payward Ventures, Inc. (Kraken), Order granting in part IRS John Doe summons petition, No. 3:23-mc-80029, Dkt. 34 US District Court N.D. Cal. (Magistrate Judge Joseph C. Spero) 2023-06-30 https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.cand.407965/gov.uscourts.cand.407965.34.0.pdf 2026-10-09 us-v-payward-irs-john-doe-summons-2023-06-30-order.pdf
12 Harper v. Werfel, No. 23-1565 (Fourth Amendment challenge to IRS's Coinbase summons; dismissal affirmed) US Court of Appeals, First Circuit (Lipez, J.) 2024-09-24 https://www.ca1.uscourts.gov/sites/ca1/files/opnfiles/23-1565P-01A.pdf 2026-10-09 harper-v-werfel-1st-cir-2024-09-24-opinion.pdf
13 Docket, Harper v. Faulkender, No. 24-922 (certiorari denied 2025-06-30) Supreme Court of the United States docket as of 2026-10-09 https://www.supremecourt.gov/search.aspx?filename=/docket/docketfiles/html/public/24-922.html 2026-10-09 scotus-harper-v-faulkender-24-922-docket.html
14 In re Celsius Network LLC, Memorandum Opinion and Order Regarding Ownership of Earn Account Assets, No. 22-10964 (MG), Dkt. 1822 US Bankruptcy Court S.D.N.Y. (Chief Judge Martin Glenn) 2023-01-04 https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.nysb.312902/gov.uscourts.nysb.312902.1822.0.pdf 2026-10-09 in-re-celsius-2023-01-04-earn-ownership-memorandum-opinion.pdf
15 Baton v. Ledger SAS, No. 21-17036, memorandum disposition (Ledger 2020 data-breach class action; forum-selection clauses; Shopify jurisdictional discovery) US Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit (Graber, Tallman, Friedland) 2022-12-01 https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.ca9.335790/gov.uscourts.ca9.335790.53.1.pdf 2026-10-09 baton-v-ledger-9th-cir-2022-12-01-memorandum.pdf
16 Enforcement Release: OFAC Settles with Virtual Currency Exchange Kraken for $362,158.70 OFAC (US Treasury) 2022-11-28 https://ofac.treasury.gov/media/929541/download?inline 2026-10-09 ofac-kraken-payward-settlement-2022-11-28.pdf
17 Understanding Deposit Insurance (lists "Crypto assets" as not covered) FDIC last updated 2024-04-01 https://www.fdic.gov/resources/deposit-insurance/understanding-deposit-insurance 2026-10-09 fdic-understanding-deposit-insurance-2024-04-01.html
18 Coinbase customer notice, "Unauthorized Access to Your Coinbase Account" (at least 6,000 customers; SMS account-recovery flaw), as filed with the California Attorney General, report SB24-545815. Company-written, published by the state regulator Coinbase, Inc. / California Office of the Attorney General dated 2021-09-24; breach date 2021-03-17; reported 2021-09-27 https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/09-24-2021%20Customer%20Notification.pdf (listing: https://oag.ca.gov/ecrime/databreach/reports/sb24-545815) 2026-10-09 ca-ag-coinbase-breach-notice-2021-09-24.pdf
19 Coinbase template "Notice of Data Breach" (overseas support staff; $20M extortion demand), as filed with the California Attorney General, report SB24-602952. Company-written, published by the state regulator Coinbase, Inc. / California Office of the Attorney General breach date 2024-12-26; reported 2025-05-20 https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/Appendix%20A%20-%20Coinbase%20Template%20Individual%20Notification%20Letter.pdf (listing: https://oag.ca.gov/ecrime/databreach/reports/sb24-602952) 2026-10-09 ca-ag-coinbase-breach-notice-2025-05.pdf
20 H.R. 3633, Digital Asset Market Clarity Act of 2025 (CLARITY Act), Engrossed in House; self-custody protection in §§ 3(c) and "Sec. 22" US House of Representatives (GPO) passed House 2025-07-17 https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/BILLS-119hr3633eh/html/BILLS-119hr3633eh.htm 2026-10-09 hr3633-clarity-act-engrossed-house-2025-07-17.htm
21 H.R. 3633, Reported in Senate with an amendment (Calendar No. 423; includes "Keep Your Coins Act", Sec. 605) US Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs (GPO) reported 2026-06-01 https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/BILLS-119hr3633rs/html/BILLS-119hr3633rs.htm 2026-10-09 hr3633-clarity-act-reported-in-senate-2026-06-01.htm

Wanted but not saved

Document Why not saved Where the facts came from instead
NYDFS consent order with Coinbase, 2023-01-04 (ea20230104_coinbase.pdf) dfs.ny.gov sits behind a Cloudflare bot challenge (HTTP 403) NYDFS press release read through a fetch tool: https://www.dfs.ny.gov/reports_and_publications/press_releases/pr202301041
CFTC orders: Coinbase (2021-03-19, $6.5M) and Kraken/Payward Ventures (2021-09-28, $1.25M) cftc.gov robots.txt disallows AI agents (ClaudeBot, anthropic-ai, Claude-Web) and sets ai-train=no; read for reference only, not copied https://www.cftc.gov/PressRoom/PressReleases/8369-21 and https://www.cftc.gov/PressRoom/PressReleases/8433-21
SEC press releases and litigation releases (2023-25, 2023-102, LR-26278) sec.gov returns 403 to scripted downloads without a declared contact e-mail Read through a fetch tool. Court copies of the same complaints and dismissal are saved above
FinCEN MSB Registrant Search results for Coinbase and Payward msb.fincen.gov robots.txt is Disallow: / The companies' own disclosures (Kraken legal disclosures page; Coinbase 10-K for FY2025)
Wyoming Division of Banking SPDI charter for Kraken Financial (2020) Not located in time Kraken blog; Wikipedia
Ballet patent ("Two-Factor Key Generation") No patent number found. Ballet's own pages disagree, calling it "patented" in one place and "patent-pending" in another Ballet web pages (see the market note)