Request for comment: Innovative methods to detect illicit activity involving digital assets (GENIUS Act sec. 9) (90 FR 40148)

Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026)

Fincen

2025-08-18

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Research, not advice. Part of the Bitcoin research archive (October 2026). Claims labelled unverified, contested or fringe are reported, not endorsed; statuses of bills and rules are as of the date checked. Government, court and patent records are public domain; the research notes are CC BY 4.0.

40148                        Federal Register / Vol. 90, No. 157 / Monday, August 18, 2025 / Notices

                                                  6. GRINEX (a.k.a. OBSHCHESTVO S                      Russia-Related Sanctions Regulations,                   Do not include any personally
                                               OGRANICHENNOI OTVETSTVENN-                              31 CFR 589.201; Organization                          identifiable information (such as name,
                                               OSTYU GRINEKS), Moscow, Russia;                         Established Date 13 Dec 2024;                         address, or other contact information) or
                                               Microdistrict Dzhal 29, Building 14/1,                  Organization Type: Non-specialized                    confidential business information that
                                               Room 35, Leninsky District, Bishkek,                    wholesale trade; Digital Currency                     you do not want publicly disclosed. All
                                               Kyrgyzstan; Secondary sanctions risk:                   Address—TRX TCFD8N3vM5b4Gr5f                          comments are public records; they are
                                               Ukraine-/Russia-Related Sanctions                       1kkajQsodRVNyyAq1d; Tax ID No.                        publicly displayed exactly as received,
                                               Regulations, 31 CFR 589.201;                            01312202410041 (Kyrgyzstan);                          and will not be deleted, modified, or
                                               Organization Established Date 23 Dec                    Registration Number 311479 3301 OOO                   redacted. Comments may be submitted
                                               2024; Organization Type: Financial and                  (Kyrgyzstan) [CYBER4] (Linked To: A7                  anonymously.
                                               Insurance Activities; Digital Currency                  LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY).                             Follow the search instructions on
                                               Address—TRX TEcuHDQthTmULe8                               Designated pursuant to section                      https://www.regulations.gov to view
                                               fFLUccBPpjfXaTmJuuD; alt. Digital                       1(a)(iii)(C) of E.O. 13694, as further                public comments.
                                               Currency Address—TRX TL1k1U6                            amended, for having materially assisted,              FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Julie
                                               SHohxBqb68kCodxHc9y2LXoDSep; alt.                       sponsored, or provided financial,                     Lascar, Director, Office of Strategic
                                               Digital Currency Address—TRX TNZ                        material, or technological support for, or            Policy, Terrorist Financing and
                                               xGWCwvsHr6JxQxzoeDXV597Yf7                              goods and services to or in support of,               Financial Crimes,
                                               Zb7nV; alt. Digital Currency Address—                   A7 LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY, a                       [email protected].
                                               TRX TC8axQvzJEVR3NKN6mZnJtGy                            person whose property and interests in                SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
                                               7537GEmh38; alt. Digital Currency                       property are blocked pursuant to E.O.
                                               Address—TRX TAYhjpL8pPs8T84                                                                                   I. Background
                                                                                                       13694, as further amended.
                                               FSM329nffQpc6jD8GBM; alt. Digital                                                                                On July 18, 2025, President Trump
                                               Currency Address—TRX TMuCgBej                           Bradley T. Smith,                                     signed into law the GENIUS Act,1 which
                                               D5RsNANZdjGtaM3YyKGNgDoy7N; alt.                        Director, Office of Foreign Assets Control.           creates a comprehensive regulatory
                                               Digital Currency Address—TRX                            [FR Doc. 2025–15668 Filed 8–15–25; 8:45 am]           framework for payment stablecoin
                                               TGckaiamj5NzaYx6Qp6Zu7kahu                              BILLING CODE 4810–AL–P                                issuers in the United States. The
                                               HArzUo99; Tax ID No. 02312202410120                                                                           GENIUS Act prioritizes consumer
                                               (Kyrgyzstan); Registration Number                                                                             protection, strengthens the U.S. dollar’s
                                               311748 3301 OOO (Kyrgyzstan)                            DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY                            reserve currency status, and bolsters
                                               [CYBER4] (Linked To: GARANTEX                                                                                 U.S. national security. It creates strong
                                               EUROPE OU).                                             Request for Comment on Innovative                     reserve requirements, aligns state and
                                                  Designated pursuant to section                       Methods To Detect Illicit Activity                    federal stablecoin frameworks, and
                                               1(a)(iii)(D) of E.O. 13694, as further                  Involving Digital Assets                              requires clear and conspicuous
                                               amended, for being owned or controlled                                                                        redemption procedures, among other
                                               by, or having acted or purported to act                 AGENCY: Departmental Offices,
                                                                                                                                                             key provisions. It requires permitted
                                               for or on behalf of, directly or indirectly,            Department of the Treasury.                           payment stablecoin issuers to be treated
                                               GARANTEX EUROPE OU, a person                            ACTION: Request for comment.                          as financial institutions for purposes of
                                               whose property and interests in                                                                               the Bank Secrecy Act, and as such, ‘‘be
                                               property are blocked pursuant to E.O.                   SUMMARY: The U.S. Department of the                   subject to all federal laws applicable to
                                               13694, as further amended.                              Treasury invites interested members of                financial institutions located in the
                                                  7. INDEPENDENT DECENTRALIZED                         the public to provide input on the use                United States relating to economic
                                               FINANCE SMARTBANK AND                                   of innovative or novel methods,                       sanctions, prevention of money
                                               ECOSYSTEM (a.k.a. INDEFI                                techniques, or strategies to detect and               laundering, customer identification, and
                                               SMARTBANK), Russia; website                             mitigate illicit finance risks involving              due diligence.’’ 2 The GENIUS Act also
                                               indefibank.com; Secondary sanctions                     digital assets. This notice fulfills a                directs the Secretary of the Treasury to
                                               risk: Ukraine-/Russia-Related Sanctions                 requirement of the Guiding and                        seek public comment on innovative or
                                               Regulations, 31 CFR 589.201;                            Establishing National Innovation for                  novel methods, techniques, or strategies
                                               Organization Established Date 2020;                     U.S. Stablecoins Act (GENIUS Act) and                 that regulated financial institutions use,
                                               Organization Type: Financial and                        supports the Administration’s policy of               or have the potential to use, to detect
                                               Insurance Activities [CYBER4] (Linked                   supporting the responsible growth and                 illicit activity involving digital assets.3
                                               To: MENDELEEV, Sergey).                                 use of digital assets, as outlined in the                The digital asset industry plays a
                                                  Designated pursuant to section                       January 23, 2025, Executive Order                     crucial role in innovation and economic
                                               1(a)(iii)(D) of E.O. 13694, as further                  14178 on ‘‘Strengthening American                     development in the United States, and
                                               amended, for being owned or controlled                  Leadership in Digital Financial                       in our Nation’s international leadership.
                                               by, or having acted or purported to act                 Technology.’’                                         On January 23, 2025, President Trump
                                               for or on behalf of, directly or indirectly,                                                                  signed Executive Order 14178,
                                                                                                       DATES: Comments must be received on
                                               MENDELEEV, Sergey, a person whose                                                                             ‘‘Strengthening American Leadership in
                                               property and interests in property are                  or before October 17, 2025.
                                                                                                                                                             Digital Financial Technology,’’ which
                                               blocked pursuant to E.O. 13694, as                      ADDRESSES: Please submit comments                     aims to support the responsible growth
                                               further amended.                                        electronically via the Federal                        and use of digital assets, blockchain
                                                  8. OLD VECTOR LLC (a.k.a.                            eRulemaking Portal:                                   technology, and related technologies.4 It

khammond on DSK9W7S144PROD with NOTICES
                                               OBSHCHESTVO S OGRANICHENNOI                             www.regulations.gov. Follow the
                                               OTVETSTVENNOSTYU OLD VEKTOR),                           ‘‘Submit a comment’’ instructions. If                    1 Guiding and Establishing National Innovation

                                               172 Zh/M Archa Beshik, Ul. Kyzyl                        you are reading this document on                      for U.S. Stablecoins (GENIUS) Act, Publi Law 119–
                                               Adyr, Leninsky District, Bishkek,                       federalregister.gov, you may use the                  27, 139 Stat. 419 (2025).
                                                                                                                                                                2 GENIUS Act, section 4(a)(5) (Treatment Under
                                               Kyrgyzstan; Digital Currency Address—                   green ‘‘SUBMIT A PUBLIC COMMENT’’                     the Bank Secrecy Act and Sanctions Laws).
                                               ETH 0x12de548F79                                        button beneath this notice’s title to                    3 GENIUS Act, Public Law 119–27, 139 Stat. 419,
                                               a50D2bd05481C8515C1eF5183666a9;                         submit a comment to the regulations.gov               at Sec. 9(a).
                                               Secondary sanctions risk: Ukraine-/                     docket.                                                  4 Exec. Order 14178, 90 FR 8647 (Jan. 31, 2025).

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                                                                              Federal Register / Vol. 90, No. 157 / Monday, August 18, 2025 / Notices                                                     40149

                                               also established the President’s Working                  comment rulemaking based, in part, on                 increasing role in AML/CFT and
                                               Group (Working Group) on Digital Asset                    the research results arising from                     sanctions compliance, offering
                                               Markets to strengthen U.S. leadership in                  comments.                                             innovative solutions to help financial
                                               digital finance.5 The Working Group                          The GENIUS Act lists four specific                 institutions analyze significant amounts
                                               was tasked to prepare a report for the                    technologies on which Treasury should                 of data and more effectively identify
                                               President within 180 days with                            seek comment: application program                     illicit finance patterns, risks, trends, and
                                               recommendations for regulatory and                        interfaces (APIs), artificial intelligence            typologies.14
                                               legislative proposals that advance                        (AI), digital identity verification, and                 Digital Identity Verification: Digital
                                               policies identified in the order.6 The                    use of blockchain technology and                      identity verification (also known as
                                               Working Group’s report, which was                         monitoring.9 Consistent with the                      identity proofing) is the process of
                                               published on July 30, 2025, includes                      GENIUS Act, when conducting research                  establishing and verifying that a person
                                               recommendations related to countering                     on these and other innovative or novel                is who they claim to be in a digital
                                               illicit finance and promoting a                           methods, techniques, or strategies,                   context.15 Treasury is aware of several
                                               transparent and resilient digital asset                   Treasury will evaluate and consider: (a)              efforts in the digital asset industry to
                                               ecosystem.7 In addition to                                improvements in the ability of financial              develop portable digital identity
                                               recommendations to improve the U.S.                       institutions to detect illicit activity               credentials designed to support various
                                               anti-money laundering/countering the                      involving digital assets; (b) costs to                elements of AML/CFT and sanctions
                                               financing of terrorism (AML/CFT) and                      regulated financial institutions; (c) the             compliance, maximize user privacy, and
                                               sanctions frameworks, the report                          amount and sensitivity of information                 reduce compliance burden on financial
                                               proposes that the U.S. government                         that is collected or reviewed; (d) privacy            institutions.16 These tools can
                                               evaluate and consider issuing guidance                    risk associated with the information that             incorporate different pieces of
                                               on the use of digital identity verification               is collected or reviewed; (e) operational             information, such as government-issued
                                               by financial institutions and increase                    challenges and efficiency                             identity documents or biometrics, and
                                               public-private cooperation and                            considerations; (f) cybersecurity risks;              can vary by operational models,
                                               information sharing, including through                    (g) and effectiveness of the methods,                 governance, and convenience. Digital
                                               FinCEN’s 314(a) and 314(b) programs.                      techniques, or strategies at mitigating               identity verification tools can also
                                                                                                         illicit finance.10                                    potentially be used by regulated digital
                                               II. Request for Comment Overview                             Application Program Interfaces: APIs               asset intermediaries to support
                                                  The GENIUS Act directs the Secretary                   are a system access point or library                  onboarding or by decentralized finance
                                               of the Treasury to seek public comment                    function that allow different software                (DeFi) services’ smart contracts to
                                               to identify innovative or novel methods,                  applications to communicate and                       automatically check for a credential
                                               techniques, or strategies that regulated                  interact with each other, including                   before executing a user’s transaction.
                                               financial institutions use, or have the                   internal and external applications.11
                                                                                                                                                                  Blockchain Technology and
                                               potential to use, to detect illicit activity,             This can include various applications
                                                                                                                                                               Monitoring: Many digital assets operate
                                               such as money laundering, involving                       used by a financial institution for AML/
                                                                                                                                                               on public blockchains, enabling any
                                               digital assets.8 Consistent with the                      CFT and sanctions compliance. APIs
                                                                                                                                                               person with access to the internet to
                                               GENIUS Act, following receipt of public                   can be used to share data automatically
                                                                                                                                                               view the pseudonymous transaction on
                                               comments, the Department of the                           and facilitate access to transaction
                                                                                                                                                               the blockchain’s public ledger.17
                                               Treasury (Treasury) will conduct                          information. Once deployed, they can
                                                                                                                                                               Blockchain monitoring refers to the
                                               research on the methods, techniques, or                   also be used to help enforce strict access
                                                                                                                                                               process of observing, tracking, and
                                               strategies identified in comments;                        controls, monitor transactions and
                                                                                                                                                               analyzing public blockchain data. The
                                               submit a report that, inter alia,                         activities, and bolster security and
                                                                                                                                                               U.S. government, like many financial
                                               summarizes the research and provides                      integrity of financial institutions
                                                                                                                                                               institutions offering services in digital
                                               to the chairs and ranking members of                      providing digital asset services.
                                                                                                            Artificial Intelligence: As used in this           assets, leverages public blockchain data
                                               the Committee on Banking, Housing,
                                                                                                         notice, the term AI means a ‘‘machine-                and blockchain analytics to trace and
                                               and Urban Affairs of the Senate and the
                                                                                                         based system that can, for a given set of             attribute illicit activity in digital assets.
                                               Committee on Financial Services of the
                                                                                                         human-defined objectives, make                        Financial institutions can also use this
                                               House of Representatives legislative and
                                                                                                         predictions, recommendations or                       data to evaluate high-risk counterparties
                                               regulatory proposals to allow financial
                                                                                                         decisions influencing real or virtual                 and activities, analyze transactions
                                               institutions to develop and implement
                                                                                                         environments.’’ 12 The Trump                          across multiple blockchains, trace or
                                               novel methods, techniques, or strategies;
                                                                                                                                                               monitor transaction activities, and
                                               and issue guidance or notice and                          Administration is prioritizing AI as a
                                                                                                                                                               identify patterns that indicate potential
                                                                                                         cornerstone of innovation, as outlined
                                                                                                                                                               illicit transactions.
                                                 5 Id. at 8648.                                          in the July 23, 2025, ‘‘Winning the Race:
                                                 6 Id.
                                                                                                         America’s AI Action Plan.’’ 13 At
                                                  7 White House, Strengthening American                                                                           14 For Treasury observations on use of AI, see
                                                                                                         financial institutions, AI is playing an              Treasury, 2024 National Strategy for Combatting
                                               Leadership in Digital Financial Technology (July
                                               2025), https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/                                                                   Terrorist Financing and Other Illicit Financing (May
                                                                                                           9 GENIUS Act, section 9(a) (Anti-Money
                                               uploads/2025/07/Digital-Assets-Report-                                                                          2024), https://home.treasury.gov/system/files/136/
                                               EO14178.pdf.                                              Laundering Innovation).                               2024-Illicit-Finance-Strategy.pdf, pp. 36–37, 89.
                                                                                                           10 GENIUS Act, section 9(b).                           15 See generally NIST, Digital Identity Guidelines
                                                  8 The GENIUS Act defines the term ‘‘digital asset’’
                                                                                                           11 See generally National Institute of Standards    (June 2017), https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/
                                               to mean ‘‘any digital representation of value that is
                                                                                                         and Technology (NIST), Securing Web Transactions      SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-63-3.pdf, p. 2.

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                                               recorded on a cryptographically secured distributed
                                               ledger.’’ GENIUS Act, section 2(6) (Definitions). The     TLS Server Certificate Management (June 2020),           16 See generally White House, Strengthening

                                               GENIUS Act states that the term ‘‘distributed             https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Special             American Leadership in Digital Financial
                                               ledger’’ means ‘‘technology in which data is shared       Publications/NIST.SP.1800-16.pdf, p. 54.              Technology (July 2025), https://
                                                                                                           12 Exec. Order 14179, 90 FR 8741 (Jan. 31, 2025);   www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/
                                               across a network that creates a public digital ledger
                                               of verified transactions or information among             15 U.S.C. 9401(3).                                    Digital-Assets-Report-EO14178.pdf, pp. 111–113.
                                               network participants and cryptography is used to            13 White House, Winning the Race: America’s AI         17 See generally Treasury, Illicit Finance Risk

                                               link the data to maintain the integrity of the public     Action Plan (July 2025), https://                     Assessment of Decentralized Finance (Apr. 2023),
                                               ledger and execute other functions.’’ GENIUS Act,         www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/        https://home.treasury.gov/system/files/136/DeFi-
                                               section 2(8).                                             Americas-AI-Action-Plan.pdf.                          Risk-Full-Review.pdf, p. 32.

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                                               40150                        Federal Register / Vol. 90, No. 157 / Monday, August 18, 2025 / Notices

                                                  Innovative tools are critical to                     institutions; (c) the amount and                         (e) Treasury will evaluate APIs and
                                               advancing AML/CFT and sanctions                         sensitivity of information that is                    consider their impact based on the
                                               compliance. Financial institutions can                  collected or reviewed; (d) privacy risks              research factors identified in the
                                               leverage these tools to protect the digital             associated with the information that is               GENIUS Act.19 Provide any information
                                               asset ecosystem from misuse by illicit                  collected or reviewed; (e) operational                pertinent to those factors.
                                               actors like drug traffickers, fraudsters,               challenges and efficiency                                3. What innovative or novel methods,
                                               ransomware attackers, terrorist                         considerations; (f) cybersecurity risks;              techniques, or strategies related to AI
                                               financiers, Iranian regime-linked                       and (g) effectiveness of the methods,                 are financial institutions using to detect
                                               sanctions evaders, and Democratic                       techniques, or strategies in mitigating               illicit activity and mitigate illicit finance
                                               People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK)                       illicit finance.                                      risks involving digital assets? What are
                                               cybercriminals. Treasury has been a                        When responding to one or more of                  the risks, benefits, challenges, and
                                               leader in promoting innovation in this                  the questions below, please note in your              potential safeguards related to AI?
                                               area over the past decade, including by                 response the number(s) of the questions               Please describe the use of AI to conduct
                                               championing the use of regulatory                       to which you are responding. When                     analysis of transactional data, including
                                               technology (RegTech) solutions to                       appropriate, your comment should                      transactions that occur on blockchains,
                                               streamline compliance processes,                        include discussion of regulatory or                   and to identify complex illicit financial
                                               soliciting feedback from industry on                    statutory changes that may be necessary               networks, as well as key lessons learned
                                               novel tools, and providing guidance and                 to effectively leverage the discussed                 from use of AI in this context.
                                               resources on new technologies.18                        methods, techniques, strategies, or tools.               (a) What factors do financial
                                               Treasury is conscious, however, that                    In all cases, to the extent possible,                 institutions consider when deciding
                                               innovative tools may present new                        please cite any public data related to or             whether to employ AI for AML/CFT and
                                               resource burdens for financial                          that support your responses. If data are              sanctions compliance purposes? For
                                               institutions upon introduction due to                   available, but non-public, describe such              financial institutions that use or plan to
                                               costs to acquire and integrate new tools                data to the extent possible.                          use AI for these purposes, what specific
                                               and to building necessary expertise.                       1. In your experience, what illicit                compliance functions does/will AI
                                               Financial institutions may also face                    finance risks and vulnerabilities pose
                                                                                                                                                             support? For financial institutions that
                                               difficulties using these tools effectively,             the greatest risk in the digital asset
                                                                                                                                                             decided not to use AI, please provide
                                               especially at early stages of use, due to               ecosystem? What key trends in illicit
                                                                                                                                                             additional details on the rationale for
                                               their novel nature. As such, it will be                 finance risks have financial institutions
                                                                                                                                                             that decision.
                                               critical for financial institutions to                  observed in the digital asset ecosystem?
                                                                                                          2. What innovative or novel methods,                  (b) How are financial institutions
                                               evaluate these tools and implement                                                                            using AI tools in AML/CFT and
                                                                                                       techniques, or strategies related to APIs
                                               them as part of a comprehensive AML/                                                                          sanctions compliance efforts in relation
                                                                                                       are financial institutions using to detect
                                               CFT and sanctions compliance program.                                                                         to other tools (e.g., in testing phase
                                                                                                       illicit activity and mitigate illicit finance
                                               IV. Request for Comments                                risks involving digital assets? What are              while using existing tools, to augment
                                                                                                       the risks, benefits, challenges, and                  existing tools, or to replace existing
                                                  Treasury welcomes input on any                                                                             tools)? Please explain and, if possible,
                                               matter that commenters believe is                       potential safeguards related to APIs?
                                                                                                          (a) What factors do financial                      compare the effectiveness of AI tools
                                               relevant to Treasury’s efforts to identify                                                                    with other previous or existing tools
                                                                                                       institutions consider when deciding
                                               and evaluate innovative or novel                                                                              used for similar purposes.
                                                                                                       whether to employ APIs for AML/CFT
                                               methods, techniques, or strategies that                                                                          (c) Are there regulatory, legislative,
                                                                                                       and sanctions compliance purposes? For
                                               regulated financial institutions use to                                                                       supervisory, or operational obstacles to
                                                                                                       financial institutions that use or plan to
                                               detect and mitigate illicit finance risks                                                                     using AI to detect illicit finance and
                                                                                                       use APIs for these purposes, what
                                               involving digital assets. For each                                                                            mitigate risks involving digital assets?
                                                                                                       specific compliance functions do/will
                                               method, technique, or strategy                                                                                Please provide any recommendations
                                                                                                       APIs support? For financial institutions
                                               discussed in your comment, Treasury                                                                           related to identified obstacles.
                                                                                                       that decided not to use APIs, please
                                               welcomes input on the following                                                                                  (d) What steps, if any, should the U.S.
                                                                                                       provide additional details on the
                                               research factors that will be used to                                                                         government take to further facilitate
                                                                                                       rationale for that decision.
                                               evaluate the methods, techniques,                                                                             effective, risk-based adoption of AI for
                                                                                                          (b) How are financial institutions
                                               strategies, or tools: (a) improvements in                                                                     detecting illicit finance involving digital
                                                                                                       using API tools in AML/CFT and
                                               ability of financial institutions to detect                                                                   assets?
                                                                                                       sanctions compliance efforts in relation
                                               illicit activity involving digital assets;                                                                       (e) Treasury will evaluate AI and
                                                                                                       to other tools (e.g., in testing phase
                                               (b) costs to regulated financial                                                                              consider its impact based on the
                                                                                                       while using existing tools, to augment
                                                 18 See e.g., Treasury, 2024 National Strategy for
                                                                                                       existing tools, or to replace existing                research factors identified in the
                                               Combatting Terrorist Financing and Other Illicit        tools)? Please explain and, if possible,              GENIUS Act.20 Provide any information
                                               Financing (May 2024), https://home.treasury.gov/        compare the effectiveness of API tools                pertinent to those factors.
                                               system/files/136/2024-Illicit-Finance-Strategy.pdf;     with other existing or previous tools                    4. What innovative or novel methods,
                                               Treasury, Ensuring Responsible Development of                                                                 techniques, or strategies related to
                                               Digital Assets; Request for Comment, 87 FR 57556
                                                                                                       used for similar purposes.
                                               (Sept. 20, 2022), https://www.federalregister.gov/         (c) Are there regulatory, legislative,             digital identity verification are financial
                                               documents/2022/09/20/2022-20279/ensuring-               supervisory, or operational obstacles to              institutions using to detect illicit
                                               responsible-development-of-digital-assets-request-      using APIs to detect illicit finance and              activity and mitigate illicit finance risks

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                                               for-comment; FinCEN, FIN–2019–G001,                     mitigate risks involving digital assets?              involving digital assets? What are the
                                               Application of FinCEN’s Regulations to Certain
                                               Business Models Involving Convertible Virtual           Please provide any recommendations                    risks, benefits, challenges, and potential
                                               Currencies (May 9, 2019), p. 19, https://               related to identified obstacles.                      safeguards related to digital identity
                                               www.fincen.gov/sites/default/files/2019-05/                (d) What steps, if any, should the U.S.            verification? Please describe the
                                               FinCEN%20Guidance%20CVC%20                              government take to further facilitate                 portable digital identity credentialing
                                               FINAL%20508.pdf; OFAC, Sanctions Compliance
                                               Guidance for the Virtual Currency Industry (Oct. 15,
                                                                                                       effective, risk-based adoption of APIs for
                                               2021), https://ofac.treasury.gov/media/913571/          detecting illicit finance involving digital             19 GENIUS Act, section 9(b)(2).

                                               download?inline.                                        assets?                                                 20 GENIUS Act, section 9(b)(2).

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                                                                            Federal Register / Vol. 90, No. 157 / Monday, August 18, 2025 / Notices                                                    40151

                                               tools in use and how such tools are                     CFT and sanctions compliance                            technologies for these purposes, what
                                               being used.                                             purposes? For financial institutions that               specific compliance functions does it/
                                                  (a) What factors do financial                        use or plan to use blockchain                           will it support? For financial
                                               institutions consider when deciding                     technology and monitoring for these                     institutions that decided not to use
                                               whether to employ digital identity                      purposes, what specific compliance                      other innovative technologies for these
                                               verification for AML/CFT and sanctions                  functions does it/will it support? For                  purposes, please provide additional
                                               compliance purposes? For financial                      financial institutions that decided not to              details on the rationale for that decision.
                                               institutions that use or plan to use                    use blockchain technology and                              (b) How are financial institutions
                                               digital identity verification for these                 monitoring, please provide additional                   using other innovative technologies in
                                               purposes, what specific compliance                      details on the rationale for that decision.             AML/CFT and sanctions compliance
                                               functions does it/will it support? For                     (b) How are financial institutions                   efforts in relation to other tools (e.g., in
                                               financial institutions that decided not to              using blockchain technology and                         testing phase while using existing tools,
                                               use digital identity verification, please               monitoring tools in AML/CFT and                         to augment existing tools, or to replace
                                               provide additional details on the                       sanctions compliance efforts in relation                existing tools)? Please explain and, if
                                               rationale for that decision.                            to other tools (e.g., in testing phase                  possible, compare the effectiveness of
                                                  (b) How are financial institutions                   while using existing tools, to augment                  other innovative technologies with other
                                               using digital identity verification tools               existing tools, or to replace existing                  existing or previous tools used for
                                               in AML/CFT and sanctions compliance                     tools)? Please explain and, if possible,                similar purposes.
                                               efforts in relation to other tools (e.g., in            compare the effectiveness of blockchain                    (c) Are there regulatory, legislative,
                                               testing phase while using existing tools,               technology and monitoring tools with                    supervisory, or operational obstacles to
                                               to augment existing tools, or to replace                other existing or previous tools used for               using other innovative technologies to
                                               existing tools)? Please explain and, if                 similar purposes.                                       detect illicit finance and mitigate risks
                                               possible, compare the effectiveness of                     (c) Are there regulatory, legislative,               involving digital assets? Please provide
                                               digital identity tools with other existing              supervisory, or operational obstacles to                any recommendations related to
                                               or previous tools used for similar                      using blockchain technology and                         identified obstacles.
                                               purposes.                                               monitoring to detect illicit finance and
                                                                                                                                                                  (d) What steps, if any, should the U.S.
                                                  (c) Are there regulatory, legislative,               mitigate risks involving digital assets?
                                                                                                                                                               government take to further facilitate
                                               supervisory, or operational obstacles to                Please provide any recommendations
                                                                                                                                                               effective, risk-based adoption of other
                                               using digital identity verification to                  related to identified obstacles.
                                                                                                                                                               innovative technologies for detecting
                                               detect illicit finance and mitigate risks                  (d) What steps, if any, should the U.S.
                                                                                                                                                               illicit finance involving digital assets?
                                               involving digital assets? Please provide                government take to further facilitate
                                               any recommendations related to                          effective, risk-based adoption of                          (e) Treasury will evaluate other
                                               identified obstacles.                                   blockchain technology and monitoring                    innovative technologies and consider
                                                  (d) What steps, if any, should the U.S.              for detecting illicit finance involving                 their impact based on the research
                                               government take to further facilitate                   digital assets?                                         factors identified in the GENIUS Act.24
                                               effective, risk-based adoption of digital                  (e) Treasury will evaluate blockchain                Provide any information pertinent to
                                               identity verification for detecting illicit             technology and monitoring and consider                  those factors.
                                               finance involving digital assets?                       their impact based on the research                      Rachel Miller,
                                                  (e) Treasury will evaluate digital                   factors identified in the GENIUS Act.22                 Executive Secretary.
                                               identity verification and consider its                  Provide any information pertinent to                    [FR Doc. 2025–15697 Filed 8–15–25; 8:45 am]
                                               impact based on the research factors                    those factors.
                                                                                                                                                               BILLING CODE 4810–AK–P
                                               identified in the GENIUS Act.21 Provide                    6. What innovative or novel methods,
                                               any information pertinent to those                      techniques, or strategies related to any
                                               factors.                                                other innovative technologies such as                   DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY
                                                  5. What innovative or novel methods,                 cryptographic protocols and other
                                               techniques, or strategies related to                    privacy-enhancing tools, cloud-based                    United States Mint
                                               blockchain technology and monitoring                    solutions, on-chain compliance tools,
                                               are financial institutions using to detect              oracles,23 or new verification tools for                Citizens Coinage Advisory Committee
                                               illicit activity and mitigate illicit finance           smart contracts are financial institutions              Public Meeting on September 16, 2025
                                               risks involving digital assets? What are                using to detect illicit activity and
                                               the risks, benefits, challenges, and                    mitigate illicit finance risks involving                ACTION: Notice of meeting.
                                               potential safeguards related to                         digital assets? What are the risks,
                                               blockchain technology and monitoring?                   benefits, challenges, and potential                       Pursuant to United States Code, Title
                                               Please describe how financial                           safeguards related to these other                       31, section 5135(b)(8)(C), the United
                                               institutions are integrating information                innovative technologies?                                States Mint announces the Citizens
                                               from blockchain analytics with off-chain                   (a) What factors do financial                        Coinage Advisory Committee (CCAC)
                                               data and mention any key challenges                     institutions consider when deciding                     public meeting scheduled for September
                                               associated with using blockchain                        whether to employ other innovative                      16, 2025.
                                               analytics (e.g., obfuscation tools and                  technologies for AML/CFT and                              Date: September 16, 2025.
                                               methods that can complicate tracing and                 sanctions compliance purposes? For                        Time: 12:00 p.m. (Noon)–4:00 p.m.
                                               assessing confidence in attribution or                  financial institutions that decided to use              (Eastern Time).

khammond on DSK9W7S144PROD with NOTICES
                                               complexities inherent in cluster                        or plan to use other innovative                           Location: Remote via
                                               analysis).                                                                                                      Videoconference.
                                                  (a) What factors do financial                          22 GENIUS Act, section 9(b)(2).                         Subject: Review and discussion of the
                                               institutions consider when deciding                       23 Oracles connect external data sources to           candidate designs for the Forgotten
                                               whether to employ blockchain                            blockchain networks. For further information, see       Heroes of the Holocaust Congressional
                                                                                                       White House, Strengthening American Leadership          Gold Medal; and review and discussion
                                               technology and monitoring for AML/                      in Digital Financial Technology (July 2025), https://
                                                                                                       www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/
                                                 21 GENIUS Act, section 9(b)(2).                       Digital-Assets-Report-EO14178.pdf, p. 12.                 24 GENIUS Act, section 9(b)(2).

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