A research archive on Bitcoin compiled in October 2026: US federal and state law (FinCEN's virtual-currency record from 1999, the 2020 unhosted-wallet rule and its 2026 withdrawal, notes on all 50 states and DC), KYC/AML for buying and selling, banking, exchanges, wallets, payment processors, hacks and their causes, patents, the 2007–2011 origins, and the evidence on who Satoshi Nakamoto is. Every note dates and cites its claims and labels anything unverified, contested or fringe. Government, court and patent records are kept here in full; other sources are cited with a link to the original. Filter by case to pick a topic, such as fincen, states or notes. Download it all as a dataset. Research, not advice. These notes explain what happened and why; they are not recommendations to buy or sell. Statuses of bills and rules are as checked on the date each note gives.
Get an AI answer drawn only from the Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026) documents indexed here — every claim cited back to the filing or proceeding it came from. It will tell you plainly when the record doesn't cover your question, rather than guessing.
Full copies of government documents (statutes, enrolled bills, regulator guidance, regulator press releases) and court records about Bitcoin and virtual-currency law in Tennessee, saved for legislation/us-state-tn.md . All files were retrieved on 2026-10-09 by the N–Z state-law research pass. No copyrighted news articles are stored here — those are summarized with links in the legislation note.
Tennessee Department of Financial Institutions. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: To: Money Transmitter Companies From: Nicole Chamblee Date: October 6, 2023 Subject: Money Transmission Modernization Act Public Chapter 115 of the Acts of 2023 (the Tennessee Money Transmission Modernization Act or MTMA) replaces all of Title 45, Chapter 7 of the Tennessee Code relative to money transmitters regulated by the Department of Financial Institutions. The purpose of this memo is to provide current Tennessee money transmitter licensees and prospective money transmitter applicants with high level information, a link to the MTMA and notice of its eff…
Tennessee Department of Financial Institutions. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE CONTACT: RYAN HUGHES AUGUST 8, 2014 615.741.1805 (OFFICE) TENNESSEE DEPARTMENT OF FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS AIMS TO ARM CITIZENS WITH INFORMATION ABOUT VIRTUAL CURRENCY NASHVILLE, TN- Tennessee Department of Financial Institutions (TDFI) Commissioner Greg Gonzales announced today that the department is offering guidance to Tennesseans for their consideration should they decide to engage in transactions or investments involving virtual currency[1]. “An incr…
Full copies of government documents (statutes, enrolled bills, regulator guidance, regulator press releases) and court records about Bitcoin and virtual-currency law in Texas, saved for legislation/us-state-tx.md . All files were retrieved on 2026-10-09 by the N–Z state-law research pass. No copyrighted news articles are stored here — those are summarized with links in the legislation note.
Texas Legislature. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: H.B.ANo.A4474 1 AN ACT 2 relating to the control of virtual currency and the rights of 3 purchasers who obtain control of virtual currency for purposes of 4 the Uniform Commercial Code. 5 BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS: 6 SECTIONA1.AASection 9.102(b), Business & Commerce Code, is 7 amended to read as follows: 8 A(b)AAThe following definitions in other chapters apply to 9 this chapter: 10 "Applicant" Section…
Texas Legislature. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: H.B.ANo.A1666 1 AN ACT 2 relating to the commingling of funds by digital asset service 3 providers; providing an administrative penalty. 4 BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS: 5 SECTIONA1.AASubtitle E, Title 3, Finance Code, is amended by 6 adding Chapter 160 to read as follows: 7 CHAPTER 160. DIGITAL ASSET SERVICE PROVIDERS 8 Sec.A160.001.AADEFINITIONS. In this chapter: 9 (1)AA"Commission" m…
Texas Legislature. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: S.B.ANo.A1929 1 AN ACT 2 relating to the registration of virtual currency mining facilities 3 in the ERCOT power region that demand a large load of interruptible 4 power. 5 BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS: 6 SECTIONA1.AASubchapter H, Chapter 39, Utilities Code, is 7 amended by adding Section 39.360 to read as follows: 8 Sec.A39.360.AALARGE FLEXIBLE LOAD REGISTRATION. (a) In this 9 section: 10 (1)AA"Virtual currency" has…
Texas Legislature. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: H.B.ANo.A4488 1 AN ACT 2 relating to the creation and re-creation of funds and accounts, the 3 dedication and rededication of revenue and allocation of accrued 4 interest on dedicated revenue, and the exemption of unappropriated 5 money from use for general governmental purposes. 6 BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS: 7 SECTIONA1.AADEFINITION. In any provision of this Act that 8 does not amend current law, "state agency" means an office, 9 institution,…
Texas Legislature. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: S.B.ANo.A21 1 AN ACT 2 relating to the establishment and administration of the Texas 3 Strategic Bitcoin Reserve for the purpose of investing in 4 cryptocurrency and the investment authority of the comptroller of 5 public accounts over the reserve and certain other state funds. 6 BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS: 7 SECTIONA1.AAThis Act may be cited as the Texas Strategic 8 Bitcoin Reserve and Investment Act. 9…
Texas Department of Banking. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: TEXAS DEPARTMENT OF BANKING Dedicated to Excellence in Texas Banking SUPERVISORY MEMORANDUM – 1037 April 1, 2019 (rev.) TO: All Virtual Currency Companies Operating or Desiring to Operate in Texas FROM: Charles G. Cooper, Banking Commissioner SUBJECT: Regulatory Treatment of Virtual Currencies Under the Texas Money Services Act 1 PURPOSE Virtual currencies have proliferated in recent years and, particularly with the advent of cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin, have raised novel questions i…
Texas Department of Banking (Commissioner Charles G. Cooper). Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: TEXAS DEPARTMENT OF BANKING Dedicated to Excellence in Texas Banking SUPERVISORY MEMORANDUM – 1037 January 28, 2025 (rev.) TO: All Virtual Currency Companies Operating or Desiring to Operate in Texas FROM: Charles G. Cooper, Banking Commissioner SUBJECT: Regulatory Treatment of Virtual Currencies Under the Money Services Modernization Act1 PURPOSE This supervisory memorandum outlines the policy of the Texas Department of Banking (Department) with regard to virtual currencies. This poli…
Full copies of government documents (statutes, enrolled bills, regulator guidance, regulator press releases) and court records about Bitcoin and virtual-currency law in Utah, saved for legislation/us-state-ut.md . All files were retrieved on 2026-10-09 by the N–Z state-law research pass. No copyrighted news articles are stored here — those are summarized with links in the legislation note.
Utah Legislature. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: Enrolled Copy H.B. 230 1 Blockchain and Digital Innovation Amendments 2025 GENERAL SESSION STATE OF UTAH Chief Sponsor: Jordan D. Teuscher Senate Sponsor: Kirk A. Cullimore Cosponsor: Ken Ivory David Shallenberger Kay J. Christofferson T…
Utah Legislature. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: Enrolled Copy H.B. 72 1 Criminal Use of Cryptocurrency Amendments 2026 GENERAL SESSION STATE OF UTAH Chief Sponsor: Ryan D. Wilcox Senate Sponsor: Brady Brammer 2 3 LONG TITLE 4 General Description: 5 This bill creates cryptocurrency training requirements for law enforcement and consumer 6 pro…
Utah Department of Commerce, Division of Consumer Protection. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: Virtual Currency Kiosks - commerce.utah.gov Skip to content Utah Virtual Currency Kiosk Regulation The Utah Legislature passed HB 72 during the 2026 legislative session. This requires each virtual currency kiosk operator to submit an annual report listing all virtual currency kiosk locations operated by the operator in this state. Implementation Status HB 72 will be enacted on May 6, 2026. After May 6, 2026, the Division will begin drafting administrative rules associated with HB 72. Once the administrative rules drafting process is complete, the Division will publish instructions and…
Full copies of government documents (statutes, enrolled bills, regulator guidance, regulator press releases) and court records about Bitcoin and virtual-currency law in Virginia, saved for legislation/us-state-va.md . All files were retrieved on 2026-10-09 by the N–Z state-law research pass. No copyrighted news articles are stored here — those are summarized with links in the legislation note.
Virginia General Assembly (Division of Legislative Services). Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: Code of Virginia Code - Chapter 19.1. Money Transmitters Virginia General Assembly / LIS Learning Center / Privacy Policy / LIS home / Register Account / Login Session Information Bills & Resolutions State Budget Virginia Law Reports to the General Assembly Virginia Law Select Search Type All Code of Virginia Administrative Code…
Virginia State Corporation Commission, Bureau of Financial Institutions. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: Virginia SCC - Notice to Residents Regarding Virtual Currency Skip to main content searchTextMobile Home Consumers Consumer Home File a Complaint Insurance Banks & Consumer Lenders Investments Public Utilities Businesses Business Home Start a New Business Online Help Uniform Commercial Code Regulated Industries Insurance Agents & Agencies Companies Exchange Assisters Financial Companies Financial Institutions Securities & Retail Franchising Public Utility Companies Utility Regulation Public Serv…
Virginia State Corporation Commission. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: Fiscal Impact Statement for Proposed Legislation Virginia State Corporation Commission Published: March 2, 2026 House Bill 665 Version: Senate Substitute 1 Patron: Maldonado Title: Financial institutions and services; virtual currency kiosk operators; license required; penalties. Summary as Passed House: Establishes requirements for the operation of virtual currency kiosks, as defined in the bill, including a requirement tha…
Full copies of government documents (statutes, enrolled bills, regulator guidance, regulator press releases) and court records about Bitcoin and virtual-currency law in Vermont, saved for legislation/us-state-vt.md . All files were retrieved on 2026-10-09 by the N–Z state-law research pass. No copyrighted news articles are stored here — those are summarized with links in the legislation note.