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5 ALL I 'LATIUK CUHTAIEED1LIE:R1-31$] THIIILASSIFIED
Rcv.Ob3b2003! DATE 12-06-znna BY 60324 UC BAUHEEFLSC
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
Precedence: ROUTINE Date: O2/01/2007
To: Washington Field
From: Washington Field
Squad AMX1/Contact: SA I
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Drafted By: I dbl '
Case ID #= 279AWF222936 Pending>~74 5*0
/579A-wF-222936-B121 Pending!"|279A~WF-222936BEIFISUR Pending! ~/
Title: AMERITHRAX;
MAJOR CASE 184 -
Synopsis: Opening of subfiles for the?§%ptioned matter.
Details: It is requested that the folldaing subfiles be opened
for the captioned investigation. §
CODE -SUBFILE
BEI Bruce Edwards Ivins
BEIFISUR Bruce Edwards Ivins Surveillance Reports
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FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATIONBATE.-1 R5 ,.~" L S C
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On ll/19/2001, Bruce E. Ivins, Ph.D., EROTECT IDENTITY!
USAMRIID Bacteriology Division, Porter gtreet Fort Detrick,Marvland 2l702501lh_tel§pho err: 1 fax numberI _ f_femaill _* L.w§§interv1ewedIatplace o employment. After be ng advised of the identity of the
interviewing agents, Ivins pr ided the following information.92_f
Ivins was interviewed reéardinqj
Ivins said| I
ifl Iis a republican or democrat.did not know if| lhad left or right wing political views, Fr
|said we shoufd interview /
Z/Ivins saidE:::::::]had access to B. anthracis, the 1
knowledge about how to disseminate it, and had unrestricted access
to B. anthracis. Ivins said the labs works with the bacteria,
bacillus anthracis, suspended in a liquid because the powder
is too dangerous. t
|:|3°2
Investigarionon 11/19/2001 at USAMRIID, Ft. Detrick, Frederick, MDb2
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1" * - - -1' AL I-IFDPIEATIIJI-I L01-ITAIIIIED
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FD-302 Rey. 10-6-95! I'll 12-00-2300 ET E0324 U0 E£UI?;"FlS_.*"LS0
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FEDERALBUREAU W1MVESHGATF]N
Date of transcription 1 [ 3 1 [ 0 2
contacted Special
of Investigation FBI!On Januar 23, 2002, BRUCE IVINSAgent[:::::::::::::i of the Federal Bureau
_at the United States Army Medical Research Institute of
Infectious Diseases USAMRIID!, Fort Detrick, Maryland, regarding
recentlyobtained information about Bacillus anthracis. IVINS
provided two color digital photographs of Bacillus anthracis
growing on agar plates and also provided the following
information:
IVINS[:::::::::::::]work with the oldest and most
original culture of the AMES strain of Bacillus anthracis at
USAMRI ID . I
I Imade several passages of the AMES by H~
transferring it from plate to plate rather than going back to[::]
original sample. The transfers, sometimes referred to as serial
dilutions or passages, cause genetic mutations. It appears that
the mutations ma have resulted in differences in morphologybetween[:::::::: stockT of AMES and the original USAMRIID'AMES.
The photogra hs rovided by IVINS show the two stocks the .original andi:;::;:::] at approximately 42 hours of growth. The
morphologica 1 erences are not apparent until after more than
24 hours of growth. The differences include a rainylikewhitish growth and border variations in the[:;;i:;;] stock which
are not visible in the original USAMRIID stoc o AMES thus
far.
USAMRIID also has a stock of AMES spores made for them
at Dugway Proving Ground. There could be other stocks of AMES at
USAMRIID, but IVINS does not know of an more than the three. |IVINS does not have afcess tc>[::::::::jgMES which is maintained
IVINS has all of the records of transfer f theoriginal USAMRIID stock of AMES. Even if[::::::::f:f]transferred
some of it, IVINS would still have the record of the transfer.
IVINS feels his records of the transfers are very accurate. The
AMES stock from the original slant was sent to Duqwav Proving
Ground, Battelle Memorial Research Institute,I I
D.R.E.S the Defense Research Establishment at Suffield, Canada!,
and to the University of New Mexico. Samples fromI Icollection were sent to Porton Down, who sent [::::]
. ' YInvestigation on 1 / 2 3 / O 2 at FOIC DeCIlCI<L , Maryl and
r!1=n@# 279A-WF-222936_ Datedictated 1/25/02
92 El - "by S 5 I
Ir/ms , 302..
This doc nclusions of the FBI. It is the property of the F an 1s cane o your agency;it and its contents are not to be distributed outside your agency. |
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I CmmmmnMFD%2M BRUCE IVINS ,On1/23/O2 ,mY0 92. I Q
FD-302a Rev. 10-6-95!
279AWF222936
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PI who sent it to
I IVINS lS not aware of any
other transfers of AMES from USAMRIID.
IVINS knows of two people who have the knowledge and
character required to have prepared and sent the anthrax letters.
He does not have any evidence that either of them actually did
send the letters. I I
I No one is supposed to remove
any hot material from the USAMRIID facility. It would be
possible to take material out without detection, and IVINS doesInot know ifI Itooklany of the Bacillus anthracis withI:::]
The other person IVINS knew who could have produced the
letters wasI I
IVINShad previously called SAI Iat the Frederick, Malyland,
FBI office to provide information aboutI I
makes nice spores of Bacillus anthracis, but the spores in the
DASCHLE letter were of fermentation quality. The spores were
very clean compared to Bacillus anthracis_produced on agar which
would contain messy residue. I I
Anyone with access to the USAMRIID [::::;:::::;;::::]
has access to stock of the AMES strain o Baci us
anthracis. Building has the AMES produced at Dugway.
If someone who had received the original USAMRIID AMES
stock did the same kind of passages/transfers that[::::::]did,
it is extremely unlikely that they would produce the same
mutations to reflect the same morphological differences as the
E::::::]stock. Mutations are random, and the likelihood of
getting the same mutations is not great. There should be records
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Continuation of FD-302 of BRUCE IVINS , On 1/ 23 / O2 , Page
in the various labs to show the number of assa es used in anyresearch conducted with the AMES strain. Ei:::fE]did not use
pure culture technique, and the original stock in IVINS
possession is just a slant away from the cow" to his knowledge.
I I Istock of
AMES in their research. IVINS use the original
USAMRIID AMES stock.
DNA sequencing should show the differences in genetics
which cause the mor hological differences between the two stocksof AMES. [::::::::j%]work in genotyping only looks at 1% or less
of the total genome. The mutations causing the morphological
differences would not show up rn[:::::]work.
IVINS has not worked with powdered or dry Bacillus
anthracis. Bacillus anthracis is too dangerous to work with as a
powder. Even the Medical Research & Development R&D! Command
had no idea that Dugway was working with powdered spores.
The aerosolization research conducted on animals at
USAMRIID is all wetmist exposure of animals to Bacillus
anthracis. None of that work involves dry or powdered research.
IVINS showed SA[:::::::]ambu§iness card for[:::::::]which contained the following infgr ation:
DIQ; AL photographs of the FBI evidence from the
th 1 tt l IVINS t d h ff d th an rax e ers were a so on compu er, an e o ere emto SA.[:::::;:] Because SAI Iunderstood the hotographswere part o work being conducted by| as evidence
analysis in the case, SA[:::::::]aske IVINS to eep the digital
photographs secured and did not accept the photographs of the136
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FD-302a Rev. 10-6-95!
279A-WF-222936
Cmmm®nMFD%2M BRUCE IVIN5 ,On1/23/O2 ,m$
evidence growth. IVINS agreed to make the photographs available
if the case a ents want them prior to receiving an officialreport from[f%:::::] ,
_, _//
BRUCE IVINS is further described as ollows: <-
Race: ite
1 Sex: Male
l Title: Research Microbiologist
Place of Employment: USAMRIID Bacteriology Division
1425 Porter Street
' Maryland 21702
Work telephone:
Fax:
Email: [email protected]
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unpn snnan UTHHHISE
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CLASSIFIED Br E0324 uc BAmfR5;L5EFEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION P353911: L4 E53
DE¬L;1,§$IF'Y IIIIJ: l2EI9EIIl3.
Dateoftranscription Q1/31/2QQ2
Bruce Edwards Ivins, Ph.D., white male, DOB 4/22/46, SS#
. 28O445449, Building 1425, Room 19, U.S. Army Medical Research
Institute of Infectious Diseases USAMRIID Ft. Detrick, MD, b6
telephone E:::::::::::] home telephone| l was b7¢
interviewed at his place of employment, USAMRIID. After being
advised of the identity of the interviewing Agent and the purpose
of the interview, Ivins, provided the following information:
Ivins has been employed at USAMRIID since 12/80. Ivins
has a B.S. degree from the University of Cincinnati in
bacteriology, a M.S. degree from the University of Cincinnati in
microbiology and a Ph.D. from the University of Cincinnati in
microbiology.
Ivins does have an inventory of his Bacillus anthracis
B. anthracis!. Ivins has maintained a strain inventory of his B.
anthracis collection since before 9/11/O1. A complete inventory of
the Bacteriology Division's B. anthracis collection was completed
by[::::::::::]cm.1/29/O2. Ivins noted that[::::::::::]is
probably the most knowledgeable person in the United States related
to B. anthracis spores. Ivins stated that Dugway Proving Grounds
_ in Utah usually makes the spore preparations used in animal
challenges at USAMRIID. Ivins maintains a detailed inventory of
all these spore production preparations that have been sent from
Dugway. All of this inventory is accounted for. Access to the
strains of B. anthracis is logged by facility key cards which are
maintained in the security office.
Ivins first began working on B. anthracis at USAMRIID in
198O=81. This work began as a result of the Sverdlovsk incident.
F011 ' th's ' '6. t t t ' owing l inci en., E:;::::;::::]sen ou a request to various
laboratories to obtain samp es o B. anthracis. Prior to that time
| Iwas at USAMRIID workin with vaccine strainsof B. anthracis. | |now works at[::::§:::::::::]
Ivins classifies his work with B. anthracis as vaccine
development; specifically improving current vaccines and working on
the development of a new vaccine. Ivins is aware that his division
possesses Vollum 1B, Ames Colorado New Hampshire, Texas, and V770strains of B. anthracis. [:::::::::::]has a complete strain
Iwwwmhnm 1/29/O2 M Fort Detrick, MD
k# 27 r I ' Dmemamm 1/30/Q2
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*- 5'57 §zThis document contains neither recommendations nor conclu 1ons o ropeny of the FBI and is loaned to your agency;
it and its contents are not to be distributed outside your agency.
_ _
FD-3 0221 Rev. 10-6-95!
L 5
279AWF222936
Cmmmmmmwnmzd Bruce Edwards Ivins On1/29/02 7mg 2
inventory of all cultures maintained by the Bacteriology Division
at USAMRIID. .
. Ivins obtained the Ames strain of B. anthracis from[::::]
E::::::]sometime between 1981 and 1983. Ivins obtained this strain
to use as a challenge strain. Ivins did not regularly begin using
Ames in his research until] Ishowed that the Ames
strain was very "hot" in 1996. Prior to that time, Vollum 1B was
the standard strain that was used in Ivins research. Full genetic
characterization has not been done on all strains used in the
Bacteriology Division, however, Ivins does know the properties of
most of the strains, including the biochemical characteristics as
well as virulence factors.
Regarding the origin of the Ames strain, Ivins recalls
E::::::]obtaining Ames for the first time in late 1980, ossiblylate December or in early 1981. Ivins has reviewed[:::i%::::]
notebooks to find the first reference to the Ames strain. The
earliest reference that Ivins found to Ames was in 12/81. Ivins
found nothing in the notebooks prior to that date regarding Ames.
Ivins provided a hand drawn diagram detailing the genesis of the
Ames strain at USAMRIID. Ivins showed that he obtained B.
anthracis froml Iin 1985 which Ivins in turn shared with
| | From USAMRIID Ivins also sent out samples of this
strain to Dugway Proving Grounds, the Defense Research
Establishment Suffield DRES!,| |the University of New
co, and Battelle. Ivins is aware that| IprovidedE%fjstrain, referred to as| Iwho in turnsu lied it to Porton Down in Great Britain, and to| I
Louisiana State University who in turn supplied the strain
to the University of Northern Arizona.
The method of pro a ation of the Ames strain of B.anthracis differed betweenE%i%::::::::]and Bruce Ivins. Ivins
used single colony dilutions to propagate the Ames culture.
[::::::]used mass swipes of culture to pro a ate his collection.As a result, mutations became evident in[:E:%:::::]collection of
the strain that were not present in Ivins strain collection.
Ivins has documentation and records to back up all shipments of the
Ames strain which he has sent out.
Ivins will provide isolates of the B. anthracis he has in
his collection if needed by the FBI. Ivins noted that spore
samples are usually maintained in a one percent phenol at USAMRIID
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&mmmmwHD%2M Bruce Edwards Ivins ,Onl/29/O2 ,m@ 3
if the spores are stored in quantity. The phenol serves to destroy K
any contaminants, however, they do not affect the spores. §f
Ivins collaborates with scientists at Battelle,I I[::]the University of Northern ArizonaI I
D.R.E.S.,[::::::::::::] the University of New Mexico, and also Bio-
Port, however, these shipments were only of Vollum 1B. Except for
BioPort, Ivins has shared Ames with all of these institutions.
I B. anthracis cultures are not routinely shared with other
I labs. However, Ivins cannot vouch for what others have done with
their collections of B. anthracis. He stated that the commander ofthe institution must approve any trEEffff:ff B. anthracis or other
Select Agents. Ivins is aware that wanted the Ames strain
of B. anthracis early in 2001. ' ed States Commerce
Department denied the transfer. a arently wanted the Ames
strain for "genetic research". at the Commerce
Department was the contact involved with this event. '
rovided a copy of the denial of export license to SAI I
has had access to the hot suite. I Iworked with B.
anthracis and believes thatI I
worked withI I ,
The only persons whom Ivins is aware are working with B.
anthracis as a Select Agent are those previously detailed as
collaborating labs. Ivins is not aware of who may be working with
B. anthracis overseas. Ivins is not aware of any "underground"
publications or websites describing "home grown" anthrax.
Regarding other individuals whom Ivins thinks should be
interviewed by the FBI,| Iis at the top of his list.
Ivins noted thatI
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Continuation ofFD-302 of Bruce Edwards Ivlns , On 1/ 2 9 / O 2 , Page 4 ii?
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Llvins believes that pharmaceutical companies would provide the
technical expertise as well as the equipment that would be required
to make weaponized B. anthracis. _
Ivins currently only works with B. anthracis, however, 20
years ago he worked with cholera, chlamydia, and diphtheria toxin.
Regarding visiting scientists, Ivins recalls an
I Ivins did not believe that
this was effective research.
Ivins related information reqardinq| | Ivins
regarded
1 |never talked to Ivins specificallyabout weaponizing B. anthracis nor didE;:}mention belonging to any
organized hate groups. However, Ivins e t that]
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ContinuationofFD-3020f Bruce Edwards Ivins ,On l/29/02 ,Page
Ivins believes that| I
Ivins also mentioned a former employee who worked at7C
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@mmmmmDmmd Bruce Edwards Ivins ,0n1/29/O2 ,h$ 6
Ivins stated thatI I I
I I Ivins recalls that whenI Ib6
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Ivins also recalls thatI
I I however,had no access to the hot suites. When asked who he would suspect
as having been involved in the B. anthracis attacks, Ivinsreiterated thatLh Iwould be the
prime suspects, owever,I
Ivins said that he had no involvement in the anthrax mailings and
has had no training involving making powders. Ivins has never been
to Trenton and has no associations with Trenton, NJ. Other than
[::::::::]Ivins is also not familiar with any individuals who have
associations or contacts or have traveled to Trenton, NJ. Ivins
said that the only person he is aware of at USAMRIID who mav have|anv powdered mateials would beI I
I Iis someone whom Ivins regards as a good
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Contmuatlon of FD-302 of Bruce Edwards Ivlns , On 1/ 2 9 / O 2 , Page 7
Ivins is aware thadI lwho wanted B. anthracis strains. He is
also aware that Iraq wanted to obtain the Ames strain of B.
anthracis from Porton Down in Great Britain. Ivins provided SA[::::;::::]with a complete inventory of the B. anthracis collectionin t e Bacteriology Department which he obtained.[::::::::::::::::]
There is no one at the facility who has been rumored to
be attempting to gain access to B. anthracis or other Select Agents
for which they do not have a legitimate need. Ivins is also
unaware of anyone who has access to the materials or the ability to
work with Select Agents who appears to be unstable or exhibit
mental or emotional problems. Ivins speculated that if he were
going to make anthrax to send through the mail, the first thing he
would have to do would be to find someone who knew how to make thepowder. He thought that this could either be[::::::::;:::]or
someone from Dugway Proving Grounds. As far as Ivins nows,
I Ivins does not know if Battelle has the I
capability to make the powders. Ivins stated that it would take
someone with a degree in the sciences or someone who had great
technical expertise and the ability to work the requisite equipment
in order to make dried materials. Ivins fears that this prior
event is a test for a larger scale attack or an attack with another
Select Agent such as smallpox.
Ivins is not aware of an Internet website for
bacteriology, however there is an Intranet website which ismaintained by[:::::::t]which contains SOPs on working with
materials.
Ivins recalled an incident which occurred in the late 60s
or early 70s regarding an individual named George Wright. Wright
left Detrick in the late 60s or early 70s and apparently stuck some
bottles of liquid B. anthracis cultures in a paint can and took
them home. When USAMRIID began working with B. anthracis again in
the early 1980s, Wright brought the can back to USAMRIID. Ivins
noted that this would not contain the Ames strain because the Ames
strain had not been discovered when Wright worked at USAMRIID.
Ivins stated that Wright died several years ago./M1 A
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Continuation 0fFD-302 of Bruc e Edwards Ivins , On 1 / 2 9 / 0 2 , Page i
Ivins noted that the ratio of spores to media for B.
92 anthracis in a liquid preparation is approximately 108 spores per
milliliter. Therefore, it would take 20 liters of media to make
two grams of spores.
Ivins noted that has been getting a lot of
mileage from this event as I
however,| lg; the t after Ames cameto USAMRIID. Ivins has never heardl idiscuss politicsIvins has also never heard of| I
|:|
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1:D_302 Rev_10_5_95! HEPE N I5 IIICIILAESIFIED
DATE 12-00-2005 B? 6!]-32-Q U0 BAU.-"§!.5,"L§:?C
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FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
Date of trmiscription Q 3 f Z 2 Q Q 2
f ._BRUQEpIV1NSJ Ph.D , Research Scientist, white male,
approximately 40 years of age,;§nited>States.Medical_Research_
{nstitute of Infectious Diseases USAMRIID!, 1490 POrLerASt1§££;Ft. Detrick "MD was adviséd of=fhé identities 6% the spéé£EiiA§éH£s SA ' 's! and Uhe nature of the interview. E::::::::::]was also
present during the interview. IVINS provided the following
information:
IVINS recognized the mailing tube and the glass tube bearing the
label "AMES 255414 B B. anthracis" sh wn in the digital photographsprovided by| Qmfhe photographs on February
at the request of 21, 2002 | I
IVINS took a sample of agar _nd bacteria from the glass
started a culture of the B. anthracis Ames strain TheIn 1985,
tube and
glass tube was stored in the refrigerated area of the laboratory at
the time IVINS took the 1985 sample. The culture that IVINS
started in 1985 contained viable B. anthracis. IVINS maintained
stocks of his 1985 culture at the current time.
I -.3}192/.:1=*~~ -~. Y .
Investigation on 2 /2 6/2002 M Ft. Detrick, MD
File 279A_WF_22_2936;LAB -' E i _ Date dictated -3/4/2092
SAby I I / v -4 Ber 7&4 5 qt 7 V 2 Q
This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions of the FBI. !t is the properly of the FBI and is loaned to your agency;
it and its contents are not to be distributed outside your agency.
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ALL lIl13!I{&TIlIll!~T I UIITAIIJEDi _ HER .I UIIELASEIFIEIIFD%02G¢wi6@;; I DATE I2-UB~2UUB E? 50324 uc EAHERSXLSE
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FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
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Dateoftranscription Q4Z29Z2002
On O4/24/2002 and O4/25/O2, Special Agents[:::::::::::]
| I Federal Bureau of Investigation FBI!,
Washington Field Office WFO!, contacted BRUCE IVINS. This contact
was initiated to collect information regarding reports that
swabbing, which resulted in presumptive positive results, had been
conducted outside the laboratory suites at United States Army
Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases USAMRIID!, Ft
Detrick, Maryland. After the interviewing agents identified
themselves and advis d of the nature of the interview, IVINS
voluntarily provided he following information:
_§_:gp_cE_ EDWARDS vns, social it number 280;-44-5449 secur , H ,YLhome telephone] I_fadworR_telepho,e | [is further describedas a BhD., Research Microbi logist, working in the Bacteriolzy
Division at USAMRIID.
IVINS g 7 IIVINS Icurrentlv work i92the same divi '
when USKMRIID became involved in the evidence,aci us ant racis B.A.!, rocessin of the Dasghle and Leahy
letters. Consequently,| |have o-ly intermittent
contact with| |
In the Fall of 2001, soon after the receipt of Daschle
letter, IVINS[:::::::::]conducted some prelim ' h theevidence. IVINS entered the evidence into thet?iff:fff%:fiTlevel
laboratory suite, through the passthru box.
In the Fall of 2001, |:| shared with IVINSEEEEEEEE5;;;Jconcerned with the handling of the B.A. evidence.
a observed unsafe handling of the letter. Based on this
conversation, IVINS became concerned about possible contamination
outside the actual labs where the evidence was bein handled. Overtime IVINS concern extended to the office area[::%::::::::::::]EEEEE;E}:::;; He felt that if there had been unsafe handling then
cou have inadvertently contaminated the office. IVINSalso felt that I '' Ia spo e
hwsmon O4/24-25/200%! Ft Detrick, Maryland / { }J
File # 2 '7
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by SADmemd N/Al V
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This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions of the FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned to your agency; A1
it and its contents are not to be distributed outside your agency.b2
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C°nnuamfFD_302-of BRUCE EDWARDS IVINS , on 04 /24 - 25 / 2 0 0,21% 2
were to fall in a dusty area, which had not subsequently been 1%
cleaned, it could still be there. L1,
Based on the above, in approximately December 2001 IVINS took the independent initiative to swab the office[:::::::::i]
I IVINS swabbed approximately twenty
areas, to include desk, telephone, and computer in an
effort to determine the presence of B.A. Analysis of the samples
the next day indicated that approximately half the samples yielded
what appeared to have one or two colonies of B.A. This was
considered a "presumptive positive" and IVINS conducted no further
tests to confirm the presence of B.A. IVINS autoclaved anddisposed of all the samples. IVINS F2ld¥:::::::] of his findings,
but was unsure if he actually showed the samples. He then
thoroughly cleaned] I
At that time IVINS told nob0dy[::::::::::]of his swabbing effortsland findings. He felt he Tad effectively taken care of the issue
On or about 04/11/02 or 04/12/02, IVINS became aware that
there was a possible contamination incident in lab B3, and that[::]
[:::::::]had conducted sampl in the suite and ound several areas
with "presumptive positives" or the presence o B.A. The
contamination incident consis d of a possible spill during an|experiment conducted byj I |
On the following Monday§9204/15/O2, after t92inking about
it over the weekend and becoming increasingly more co cerned aboutpossible contamination immediately ougside the B3 lab, IVINSdecided to independently conduct swab ing surveys in areas likely,
in his mind, to have been contaminated. IVINS conducted the
swabbing effort on either 04/15/02 and 04/16/02, or 04/16/O2 and
04/17/02. He realizes he should have requested authority from his
superiors to conduct the surveys, but he was afraid it would be
weeks before permission was granted due to "redtape."
On O4/16/02, IVINS decided to swab the "cold-side" of the
pass~thru box of B3, the cold-side men's chan ing room because hecould not get into the women's change room!,[s |
[:::::] "Coldside" refers to areas outside the lab suites.
IVINS sampled the cold-side of the pass-thru box because
survey had found the presence of what appeared to be B.A. on t e
handle of the hot-side of the pass-thru box inside the B3 lab.
FD-302a Rev.10-6-95! ~ '~
er doin the first sample and getting fhg_Tesults,IVINS told of his findings. IVINS 1:616. that he wasFoinq to do urt er samplinqj279ANY222936302
mmmmmmmsmof BRUCE EDWARDS IVINS ,OnO4/24-25/2OO%%e 3
IVINS swabbed the coldside men's changing room because he was
concerned about shoes worn inside B3 suite tracking spores into the
changing room. IVINS swabbedl I
i Ihe wanted to see if he had done a good job cleaning it in
December 2001.
On 04/17/02, IVINS analyzed the results of 04/16/02, and
found "presumptive positive" for B.A. on five of approximately
twenty to twenty-five samples. The positives were found on; 1! the
molding by the passthru box; 2! mens changing room table; 3! the
shelf over the sink in the men's changing room; 4! on top of the¬f%?ff:%n:Ee men's changing room; and 5!| I
Based on the above findings, IVINS continued his
independently initiated swab survey by taking samples of his
IVINS'! desk area room O19!, the coldside passthru box area,
and the freezers located in the hallway outside B3. The areas on
which IVINS concentrated were those of high traffic area such as a
computer keyboard!, and those of very low traffic such as the top
of a book shelf!. Of the thirty-one samples, IVINS found
approximately eleven what appeared to be "presumptive positives".
The initial positives were found on: 1! outside the passthru box
on the window sill; 2! outside the passthru box on the electrical
box; 3! IVINS office on the shelf under the air vent; 4! IVINS
office behind the computer monitor; 5! IVINS office on IVINS desk
by penholder; 6! IVINS desk on the penholder; 7! IVINS office on_
the upper shelf in a tray to the left corner air vent; 8! IVINS
office on the metal folder holder on the top shelf to the right of
corner air vent; 9! IVINS office, top shelf of desk, left corner
air vent; 10! IVINS desk; and 11! IVINS office on the wooden
bookcase shelves to the left of desk. Of the eleven "presumptive
positives", #1 and #6 were later eliminated as B.A.
Aft ' '
On either the afternoon of 04/17/02 or the morning of
04/18/O2, IVINS told[::::::]about his sampling survey and theb6
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Continuation ofFD-302 of BRUCE EDWARDS IV-INS , On O4 /2 4 _ 2 5 /2 O 0,%age i
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findings. [:::::::]became very upset with him and told him he b7C
should have gotten approval.
On 04/18/02, IVINS went to| L land told[:::gof his sampling survey and the findings. | Iwas upset
wit IVINS for sampling without authority.
On the morning of 04/19/02, there was a "town hall
meeting" where the incidents were discussed. They were notified
that a large scale sampling survey would be conducted to determine
the extent of contamination.
When asked why he was able to find B.A., when the other
swabbing efforts did not, IVINS explained that he utilizes a more
aggressive and extensive method for collecting samples. He samples
a larger area, especially hard to reach and dusty areas, and uses
more force. He also explained that prior to the large scale I
swabbing survey by the Center for Health Promotion and PreventativeMedicine CHPPM!, he,g Itook samplesoutside the B3 lab an subsequently cleaned the area thoroughly
with bleach.
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~ FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
Dateofiranscription QBZQZZZQQQ
On 4/27/02 and 4/28/O2, DR. BRUCE EDW_:_SWI1IN$ left
voice messages for SA Iat the I's Washington
Field Office. SA returned the call on /30/O2. Being
previously aware of the identity of the a nt, IVINS provided the
following information:
IVINS is further identifi as: social security number
280-4.4-544.9,J home
telephoneI I and work telephonel I He isg . a PhD., Research Microbiologist, workin in the Bacteriology
Division at the United States Army Me 1 Research Institute of
Infectious Disease USAMRIID!.
During the week of 4 2/02, a schedule was devised byLt Ifor each research microbiologisto survey the Biological s ety level three suite B3 for possible
contamination on a rotat' g weekly basis. IVINS was scheduled to -
' do the survey the week f 4/29/O2. IVINS proceeded to survey B3 by
taking swabs, puttin them on blood plates, and putting them into
the fermenter. He as assisted byI I
he survey was very aggressive. IVINS wanted to
prove he could ind contamination.
When IVINS went to observe the plates the following day,
he found them in a plastic bag in the autoclave, where someone had
disposed of them. He determined[:::::::]had disposed of them
because a new swabbing protocol was going to be established, but
had not yet been written. If swabbing was not conducted according
to protocol, discipline would result. IVINS could not have
followed protocol because it was not yet written. '
IVINS also wanted to follow u on the interview that/wasconducted of him on 4/24-25/02 by SA!s%::]andI IHe remembered two times he had come across Baci ustgnt rasis Ba
about which he had not previously informed the aqen . Sometimeibetween December 2001 and February 20O2LI FIVINS and
asked him to come to his office.I Ih Ba which hadoriginated from another country at which he/agnted 1. to look.IVINS would not identify the country of o igin, ano sj§§Q@HEhat
117 2!!Invessation on 4 / 3 0 / O2 at Frederick, Maryland I I
./£57 Jy _h# 279A-wF_gg2935 nnenmwi NA -
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by SAI I
This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions of the FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned to your agency;
it and its contents are not to be distributed outside your agency. _ _
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Continuation of FD-302 of BRUCE EDWARDS IVINS , On 4/ 3 0 / O 2 , Page 2
information would have to come from IVINS called it a
"national security sample." The Ba was in a powdered form and
orangish in color.b6
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During that same time period, again called IVINS b6
not recall in what form the Ba was. IVINS grew some of the roducton a blood plate, which he then left in laboratory suite He
took some of the product off the plate and froze it in broth.to his office to look at more Ba from the same country. IVINS does 1176
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_ X 1 ALL EIPEI-LCTTIEJIFT IEINTAII-1'.EI3Q52 _ HEP? 5 TDIELASEIFIED
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FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
Date of transcription O 2 Z 1 9 Z 2 Q
On February 12, 2003, BRUCE E. IVINS, date of birth
O4/22/1946, social security account number 280-44-5449, was
interviewed at his place of employment, the United States Army
Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases USAMRIID!, Fort
Detrick, Maryland, telephone[::::::::::::] After being advised of
the identity of the agents and the purpose of the interview, IVINS
provided the following information:
IVINS provided the agents with a packet of materials that
he prepared including: a list of individuals that the agents might
want to contact; statements of his work on both the Daschle and New
York Post letters; a spore calculation form for the Leahy letter;
and'a document labeled as "Hoover Statement" in which IVINS advised
of his work with the letters as well as his independent swabbing
project and safety concerns. These materials are attached herein.
IVINS advised that there was a safety problem with the
handling of the anthrax letters at USAMRIID that put people's
health at risk. Two people at USAMRIID had something to gain by
the letters being analyzed at the lab, and the situation was just a
nightmare for everyone else involved. As such, these two
individuals had the most to lose from any problems uncovered with
handling of the letters. IVINS identified these two individuals as
IVINS heard from| Ihave been saying that| |IVINS did not handle the letters
which is not true. IVINS gave copies of the report of his work on
the letters to| I
The Daschle letter should not have been in Room[;;;;;;;;;] IVINS received the letter contained in Ziploc bags in
He did not know where the ziplocs came from. He was
not aware of whether they were the original ziplocs which had been
decontaminated, or if the letter was placed inside new ziplocs.
IVINS does not know who processed the letter rior to his receiptof it or whether the letter was opened in[::f%::::]
§u% if
hwswwon O2/12/2003 at Fort Detrick, Maryland
$10 /781F1l<=# 279A-WF-222936| I279A-BA-c1o1392>m<=dictated N/A
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by SA
This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions of the FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned to your agency;
it and its contents are not to be distributed outside your agency.511 65/ ~11/Z§'b6
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IVINS weighed an empty vial in Rocm1[;;:;;::] and then
brought the Daschle letter into Suite B3 throug t e passbox.
I Ihe scraped out some powder from the letter
into a vial. There was not much powder in the letter, and some was
flying around in the hood. He brought the vial out through the B3passbox and to E:::;;::]to weigh it, as[:::::::]had the most
accurate scale in t e area. He then brought the vial back into B3.
I Iwas present in B3 while IVINS[::::::::::]worked on the letter,I has outside of the room
watching them through the glass in the door. IVINS remembered
wearing gloves when he handled the Daschle letter in the hood, but
he could not recall if he wore gloves at any other time while
working with the letter.1
IVINS did not handle the Leahy, Post, or Brokaw letters.
He worked with the powder from the Leahy and Post letters and did
not work with any of the material from the Brokaw letter.
IVINS advised that latex gloves were used by people
working in B3. The gloves were not of the greatest quality as they
were bargain gloves and sometimes had holes or were torn. IVINS
did not wear gloves when touching any commonly handled items in B3.
r_____Qg;siQe of 1y1us' work qroupd the B3 workspace was share
with
During the time that Suite B4 was down for renovation, many of the
people that usually worked in B4 had to work in B3 instead. Suites
B3 and B4 are connected in the back, and therefore one can usually
pass between the two suites. When B4 went down for renovation it
was sealed off from B3 as a cold area.
The ice machine and the centrifuge were in B3, therefore
anyone who needed to use that equipment would have entered B3. ThisEroup included: I I I
In approximately 1997, IVINS received some very clean
Bacillus anthracis B.a.! spore preparations from Dugway Proving
Grounds. He thinks that all of the Dugway material had been
fermented, as there was some talk about growing the B.a. in either
8 or 10 liter fermentors. The spores were double gradient
purified.bf
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The Dugway material has been kept in the cold room in B3
since it was received in 1997. There is a record of how much
material was initially received as well as how much has been
removed and where it went. IVINS thinks that all of the Dugway
material has been stored with his lab group and kept in the two
original flasks it was placed in. Each flask initially had 500
milliliters of wet spore preparation, and only one flask of
material remains. IVINS advised that 1 milliliter or less of the
Dugway material could be taken and it wouldn't be missed.
Double purified material needs to have a chromatogram
done to determine whether it was run through a gradient. A trace
of the gradient would remain on the material and should be
indicated by a peak on the chromatogram. Some possible gradients
include sucrose, hypaque, renografin which became known as renocal
but may not be manufactured any longer!, or phycoll.
IVINS did the following calculation estimates to
determine how much of the Dugway spores would have been missing if
they had been used in the anthrax mailings. 2.0-2.5 grams of
material were present in each letter with a 108/mL spore
concentration. In order to achieve that spore concentration,
80-1OOL of runs would have been necessary and approximately 300mL
of the Dugway material would have been required. This amount of
missing material would have been noticed.
IVINS thinks that most of the people at USAMRIID use
broth to grow B.a., although he can't say for certain how everyone
else there grows their spores. Although B.a. can be grown on agar,
nicer spores are produced in broth, and they can be purified more
easily and are "hotter". If one needs to purify more than a very
small amount of B.a., it is difficult to use agar as you would need
numerous plates.
Spores grown up on agar are dirtier than broth grown.
IVINS does not know if this is because the spores pick up debris
from the agar or if there are media components on the surface of
the spore. No matter how agar grown spores are washed, some agar
always remains on the spores.
The protocol that IVINS used to grow B.a. is the same one
published in the paper titled "Efficacy of a human anthrax vaccine
in guinea pigs, rabbits, and rhesus macaques against challenge by
Bacillus anthracis isolates of diverse geographical origin".
IVINS,[::::::::]and several other USAMRIID scientists coauthoredb136
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the paper. All Ames spores that IVINS uses either come from the
Dugway stock or have been made by his lab group by the published
protocol.
The spores from the three letters that IVINS saw looked
very different from each other. He described the spores from the
Daschle letter as being very, very clean; the spores from the Leahy
letter as looking good, with some clumping; and the spores from the
Post letter as okay, with a good bit of clumping. IVINS asked
[:::::::::::]of the FBI if the Daschle letter could represent
"downstream processing" in that the spores either went from bad to
good or good to bad.
At the agent's request, IVINS advised that he would check
for any paperwork he may have submitted requesting a government
vehicle to travel to Covance in Denver, Pennsylvania in the fall of
2001. He advised that he would ask[:::::]Last Name Unknown LNU!
who handles all such requests. IVINS also provided the agents with
a copy of two emails that he received from the American Red Cross
requesting his assistance with canteening for the FBI'S December
pond operation near Frederick, Maryland.
IVINS did not have any copies of the Special PathogensSection SPS! records for the Post and Brokaw letters. He advised
that |
might have some knowledge of the timeline of the letters at
USAMRIID. IVINS has never met or seen| |
IVINS keeps his lab notebooks in his office rather than
the library. The notebooks are officially checked out to him, and
people working with him make entries in them and sign their name by
the entry. IVINS agreed to provide the agents with access to his
notebooks from the 2001 time frame. IVINS did not have any email
records or electronic calendar records prior to May 2002. He
thought that there may have been a new system installed around that
time.
IVINS usually obtained office paper from the stock which
had been ordered by the Bacteriology Division. He brought it into
the office in a big box and would pull out a ream when he needed
it. He did not keep any pre-stamped envelopes in his office. He
advised that they do not need stamps on their envelopes because all
outgoing mail from USAMRIID is supposed to be business only. IVINS
does keep blank envelopes in his office.bf
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Continuation of FD-302 of BRUCE E _ IVINS .0nO2/l2/2003 ,W$ 5
Hhad items taken from their offices at times. The door to IVINS office was kept pnlocked. People Eive
I In approxima
IVINS was working on a report for the FBI when
When IVINS had an aerosol challenge scheduled, he would
bring the tubes with the spore suspension to the aerosolization
area. IVINS advised that the spore suspension looked like milk.The sprays are done in Building 1412 in the room next to|iUUgand
I Iare where IVINS and his lab group processe
quantify the spore concentration. Imaterial during the sprays to include plating out the material to I
usually conducted the sprays for IVINS.
After an aerosol challenge was completed, B.a. would be
present on bottles, tubes, pipets and plates. The plates would be
placed in a biohazard bag to be autoclaved. Tubes, bottles, and
pipets would be held in a hood that was not being used and
decontaminated within one week. IVINS gave the example of a spray
that was to take place on Tuesday and Wednesday of a given week:
the animals would be prepared Monday, the spray would be conducted
Tuesday and Wednesday, the plates would be counted Thursday, and
the final clean up would take place Friday.
IVINS took the agents on a walk through of the areas of
Building 1425 where he handled the anthrax letters. He received-
the Daschle letter contained in two or three ziploc bags from
I |He took the letter through the B3passbox into RoomI IIVINS"lab space in B3. [::] can be seen
through the window to the left of the B3 passbox as well as through
the B3 crash door. He brought the vial containing B.a. from the
Daschle letter out through the B3 passbox and to the scale in[:::]
|:| a BL2 lab. IVINS thinks that the vial
the refrigerator in[:::]
IVINS pointed out the B3 cold room
side of the hallway when looking through the
black box on the door. Room[::]is the pass
The mouse animal room is the third door downhe used is still in
as being on the right
crash door, with a
through to suite B4.
on the right when
looking through the crash door. The guinea pig room is across theb¬
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hall with the cleaning supplies for the suite located to the right
of the door as the room is entered.
' IVINS was in B3 when the B.a. from the letter went all
over the place in the hood. He does not know how the hood was
decontaminated, and he does'not recall decontaminating it himself
and advised that he would robably remember if he had done it. Hedoes not remember if[:;;:fjdecontaminated the hood. IVINS did not
routinely record such t ings during that time frame.
IVINS was recently at Home Depot and saw the many
different grades of sandpaper that they sell which made him think
about the use of sand in purifying B.a. A pasty block of spores
can be shaken with sand of varying coarseness to achieve very pure
or fine spores. IVINS advised that Iraq has very fine sand.106
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%LL T RNATTHN THNTATNED~ - 0~ _' Imrn-2 $-
lndividuals you may wish to speak withC
1.1
UUNCLASSIFIED
B~2UUB E? 5U324 UE EAHfR3fL$E
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I-IEFE IIC IS UNCLA5 S I FIED
DATE l2lIlS2ElClS BY E0324 UC EAT1.T;"R3,.*'LSl.
Analysis of Sample
Date analyzed - 17 October, 2001
Date of Report - 18 October, 2001
Sample SFSO2.57.03
l received the sample in ziplock bags! from on the
afternoon of 17 October, 2001. The sample was taken into B-3. Insufficient
owder was on the I tt d t ' I df th I p e er, so pow ery ma eria was scrape rom e enve ope
and put into a small, tared, glass container. The container was rewei hed andthe net weight of the owdery material was determined to b
material was added fsterile water for injection to make a total of
and approximate! of suspension. Ten-fold dilutions were plated out onto
TSA, then incubated overnight. Plate counts were made, and it was determined
that the original tube contained] |Since there was|:|
|:|of material, this calculates to be| |of powder
material.
Visual inspection of the suspension of material under phase contrast
microscopy found no visible vegetative cells, no visible debris, and very few small
clumps. Most of the material appeared to be individual refractile spores.
Interpretations and conclusions: lf this is a preparation of bacterial spores,
it is an extremely pure preparation, and an extremely high concentration. These
are not "garage" spores. The nature of the spore preparation suggests very
highly that professional manufacturing techniques were used in the production
and purification of the spores, as well as in converting the spores into an
extremely fine powder.
Bruce E. lvins, Ph.D.
USAMRIID Bacteriology Divisionis
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Q ;%,e7"AL FBI INFURHATIDH LENTAINEL
HPEIN.IS UNCLASSIFIEE .
DATE l2UB2UD5 BY 60324 UC EA¥fR5fL§C
Analysis of Sample
Date analyzed - 23 October, 2001
Date of Report - 24 October, 2001
Sample_SPS02.88.01
I received the sample in a microcentrifuge tube in a ziplook bag! from
n the afternoon of 2 tober, 2001. Thet eighed, and itwas estimated to contain abou of material. In B-3 f sterile water
for injection was added to the matena . Afterthorough mixing, the material was
transferred to a second tube. The original tube was disinfected with bleach, dried
and wei hed. The net weight of the granular material was determined to be Ten-fold dilutions were plated out onto TSA, then incubated
overnight. Plate counts were made, and it was determined that the original tube
contained ince there was of material, this
calculates to be per gram of powder material.
Visual inspection of the suspension of material under phase contrast
microscopy found few <5%! visible vegetative cells, a small amount <10%!
visible debris, and very few small clumps. Most of the material appeared to be
individual refractile spores.
Interpretations and conclusions: If this is a preparation of bacterial spores,
it is a relatively pure preparation.. This preparation did not appear as pure as the
material SPS02.57.03! previously examined on October 17, 2001. The
SPS02.57.03 preparation contained spores at a concentration |
|:|The SPSO2.57.03 spores were thus approximately|:|times "hotter" or
more concentrated per gram than the SPS02.88.01 spores examined here.
Bruce E. lvins, Ph.D.
USAMRHD Bacteriology Divisionb6
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Calculation Form - Spore Coneentration lIl Dry Material
_ _ _ _ ALL FBI I]!-IFIIIFLT-iATICII~I CIIIIJTAII-1'ED
Sample Designation/Description SPS 02.266 PIEFBEIIJ If-J LT!-ICLASSIFIEIII
ll-!l'IIE J 3~IIlEi-ZLIIIIB BY 5Cll32¢l= LTE EA',|§.+ R5_.-"L5G
Date Analyzed ll MAR 02 , Report Date 12 MAR 02
*$****$*********************$***$*******$*******$*$*********$*****$**$*+#***
Gross Weight of vial + stopper or cap! + dry material =
Tare Weight of vial + stopper or cap! =
Net Weight of dry material = | |
WFI added to vial = | |
****$$****$$*$**#*******#**$*******»***$**********%**¥**A$*#$*$$$**$J¥#*92¥¥¥+
Plate Counts:
10-6 dilution Iii
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10~l0 dilution Not done10-7 dilution
l0-8 dilution
l0-9 dilution
Dilution chosen = _J:l Mean average! =| I
CFU/ml in original vial =| |
CPU/gram in original drymaterial=l |
Comments: Powder in freezer vial was slightly off-white or "eggshell" in color. The dry powder
stuck to the sides of the eezer vial. After resuspension in WFI, no visual clumps were seen with
the unaided eye|:|looked at the spore suspension under phase contrast microscopy:
Q the spores appeared to be about 99% refractile, with no debris, and some clumping.Name s!/date / >2 /|% Wb6
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LLL IHFURHATIJH CUHTAIHED
HEREIN IS UNCLA55IFIED
DATE l2U82UJS BY ED324 UL
I am a Microbiologist in the USAMRIID Division of Bacteriology. Last fall, I became concerned that the
ne powder of the Daschle letter and as well as other potential anthrax letters and samples might not be
adequately contained with the practices that were being used here in the Institute. I also was concerned that
contamination of ersonnel might lead to contamination of areas outside the contaimnent suites., rep<-ratedly h_agl_mentioned her concem that she may have been exposed to
powder and possibly contaminated. She also repeatedly voiced safety reservations about the way that
incoming samples were handled during "Operation Noble Eagle." These concerns and my decisions to
perform surveillance cultures and the results of those cultures are accurately described in the attached
document entitled ExSum -18 APR 02, Bruce Ivins. The dates for the cultures taken in April are the 15"
and 16 , as indicated by my corrections. Also, in paragraph 2 of that document, December of 2002
should read December of 2001 .
In response to direct questions, I have the following answers:
Q. How was the Daschle letter handled?
A. I worked on this letter withl Iwas also resent in the lab |:|when Iwas workin with the powder from this letter. I received the letter o roomt had already been used in the s§pecial pathogens area. It was contained in 2 or 3 ziplocks. I
came 1t to the passbox in B-3. From the passbox, I took it to the hood m and scraped
some of the powder from the envelope and letter into a pre-weighed Wheaton vial. I was surprised at how
ne the powder was. It oated around inside the hood like dust in the sunlight. After removing the powder,
I wiped off the vial with bleach, put the vial in a 50 ml polypropylene tube and bleached that tube. I then
passbox. retrieved the vial and tube. and went t lab. At the balance,_I removed the vial from the
tube and weighed the vial. After weighing, I put the vial back in the ol ro ylene tube, returned to B-3,put it through the passbox and once inside B3 took it to the hood i.1 gain. There, I added water to
the powder and did serial dilutions for plate counts. After that, the vial stayed in the lab. I took the letter in
the ziplocks, bleached the outside of the ziplocks, and returned the letter in the ziplocks out through the
passbox. It was retumed to Special Pathogens, but I do not remember if I retumed it took-or someone else
@654. I made laboratory notes that contain dates and descriptions. These notes cant be released because
they are considered evidence for the Amerithrax Grand Jury Investigation. Later, I also received vials of
powder from the New York Post and Leahy a specimens. illhese-vials The powders were
already contained in tubes, and th_e contents had already been weighed. They came in the ame way,through the B3 passbox. I also received some other powdered sample m#kko that came
in through the passbox, but Ldo not remember how these samples were packaged.sent the vial out through the passbox into me for weighing. I showered out of B3. went to the B3
Q. Did you tell an one that ou had done the surveillance cultures outside the containment area?A. I mentioned t mt I was going to chec desk in December and told her after I did
it that about 1/2 of the cultures were suspicious for anthrax. I 1 t keep records or verify the cultures
because I was concemed that records might be obtained under the Freedom of Information Act. I was also
afraid that reporting would have raised great alarm within the Institut the time was e which at '
verv bus with the processing of samples for Operation Noble Eagle. Lpersonally decontaminatedi lEiesk area. wiping it down with a dilute bleach solution. and gave it little thought until the incidentin B3 in April. I
Q. Have you had any concems about the lab operations that might cause risk to lab persomiel?
A. Seeing powder oat around in thel |hood raised considerable serne-concem. In the future, I would
not work with dried or powdered spores except iii Iconditions. There needs to be more cleaning inside
the suites and maybe surveillance. There may be some laxity in Bacteriology; a~l~sea_1_1_<_i_,_from what I have
heard, possibly also in DSD. Most of the workers in Bacteriology are careil, but a few some are somewhat
carelesssleppye Cleaning of B3 is-seems to be performed mueh less than back in the 1980s.
Q. Is there a regular plan for cleaning? Is the oor cleaned regularly?
A. Not that I know of. I cant remember when the lab oor was last cleaned. We used to do weekly
surveillance cultures inside the Qlabs back in the 1980s, but these are almost never done now. Although
there is $h a suite supervisor, there frequently does not seem to be much92 ' Q / /oe t/er 57-2?/9W¢7_
" EAHERSILSC
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coordination of common suite duties such as cleaninQ as the supervisor for many years,
but-net-reeent-1-y= and was recently renamed B3 supervisor by the Chief of Bacteriology Division.
Q. Was the intensity of contamination described b hen she did the surveillance cultures
inside the lab aer the incident on April 8 heavier than you would nd when stuyeillance cultures used to
be done?
A. NeThe total intensity of the contamination was greater and also of special concem. since spores were
found on the inside passbox latches as well as on shoes and articles of clothing in the "hot" changerooms.
We When conducting surveillance in the past. we would sometimes nd a few hot spots of contamination
and clean them up, then re-check to make sure they were OK.
Q. Did you report your concerns about cleanin to anyone?A. I have believe that I mentioned it to n the past. I've also informally talked with other
investigators in the Bacteriology Division about cleaning and cleanliness issues. Usually; In the past, if
peoplepeople have had specic concems about suite cleaning or cleanliness. thel-raised th_e_ issues _i_1;_a
general waye£d § as well as the need for improvement! at Division meetings, but
no specic individuals were are mentioned at those meetings.
Q. Have there been any other concerns about cleanliness?
A. A few letters came into the Bacteriology Division for analysis during Operation Noble Eagle. The DSD
was concerned that at least some 9_1_1g of the samples they had sent to be tested werebeing Econtaminated in m<>5|:|
Q. Who coordinategls the sample processing in rooml I
A.| II also ha=veworked in there. Normally it is a glanders research laboratory:
Q. What live agents comes in and out of the B-3 area?
A. For anthrax aerosol challenges spray, we used-to send spores out through the passbox in a hard plastic
transport container to be taken to Bldg 1412. Aerosol challenges are done there, dose is conrmed, and dat
are crunched in 1425. Anthrax AGI samples does not come back as they formerly did several years agg,
since the AGI cultures are now done in 1412 by| Iand me. Plague AGI may come back.
Q I-Iow are s ores re d7 . are .
Al Ihave make made spores in roo Also we use s ores re ared at
Du wa Provin Groundjscl ake spores in our laboratory. In
I lmakes spores. Cultures are grown up in shaker asks. They are
often centrifuged in 500 ml tubes bottles in a large i ! rotor. @Rgotor is too big to take
to the hood, so the tebes bottles are usually removed from the rotor in the centrifuge.
Q. Are there any secondary containers in that rotor, like sealed cups?
A. No. Sometimes the tube a bottle breaks and you can hear a slurping sound when the bottletubes are-is
removed.
Q. Does the centrifuge have a oor hood or other containment system?
A. No. There used to be a system to evacuate the air in the centrifuge through a lter in case there was a
break, but that hasnt been used in years.
Q. That wou1dnt help if there was a broken tube, would it?
A. No.
Q. Has the ventilation system worked OK as far as you know? Are there magnehelic gauges at the clean
room ently?
A. I dont think the suite has ever gone positive. I have never noticed the magnehelic readings in the entry.
The gauge between the ofce area and the hallway are barely negative.
Q. What are the procedures to follow if you have a potential exposure to B. anthracis?Z1l b6
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A. That depends on seriousness. If there is a small spill, wipe up area with bleach, cleanup veried by
swabs. Individual reports to supervisor. Individuals with possible exposures are evaluated at ward 200.
Reports of exposure are supposed to be done within the day.
J
'_ _ i rrz Iuauuuiri irriiurn
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FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
Date ?1§c"riplion O 2 [2 8 { 2 O O3
on February 2 1, 2 0 03,
9_e1=_/.22..4.IL~.iiL:%.,.§..a.aasi.al..ssr;.u1;l~1;y.r.assQ.un.t.,aumher ..;,§i.2>.92:r.%..%..-i..-'f>:%..:.¥..9, wasinterviewed telephonically at his place ofyémplpyment,N£Qe,Uni£ed
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LQSAMIZJLIZL.-_Ep..r:.".12etricJs., .M.a.mLLand..rr.elshm.ne Af t e I
being advised of the identity of the agent and the purpose of the
interview, that being in response to a voice mail left by IVINS for
SA[:::::::] IVINS provided the following information:
IVINS obtained a copy of the request form he submitted
for a government vehicle to travel to Covance in Denver,
Pennsylvania in the fall of 2001. He had also assembled some
documents with information about the Dugway spore inventory and
what he was working on in the fall of 2001, which was mostly "deskwgr%": IVINS agreed to provide copies of these documents to SA1
Dugway is supposed to be sending a new batch of purified
Bacillus anthracis spores to USAMRIID soon, and] I[:Q;;:] are taking the lead on the project. This Dugway material
wi be used in work on a new anthrax vaccine.
92
Lb I was talkingto IVINS a out Ehe Dugway materiali |[Eh I IVINS advisedat NSM is an agar medium and he had been under the impression
that everyone at USAMRIID used LeightonDoi broth or blood agar to
grow B.a.
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it and its contents are not to he distributed outside your agency.
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HEREIN Is UNCLASSIFIED
DATE 12-us-zoos Br 60324 UE Biurss;Lsc
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FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
Date of transcription O 2 4 2 8 Z 2 O O 3
On February 24, 2003, BRUCE_§$wlylES¢<date Q§ Q;g§Q
O4L22946 social securitymwcc t umber 2&,-44-5449, provided .mmM W bethe following materials to S§T:?%%::?]at hi? plagehgfuemplgymengh b7c
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A summary of his work activities for the fall of 2001;
seven Fort Detrick Dispatch Office requests for vehicle
transportation from the fall of 2001; and an inventory of the
Dugway Bacillus anthracis spore material. These materials are
attached herein.
/
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DATE lElIlEi-EDGE? B1 5013242 UE BAT.II1"R$,~*'L5E
_ Fall of 2001 - Bruce lvins
Notebooks 3716 and 4383 Mouse passive immunization studies -
1 SEP through 15 OCT
Notebook 4240 - immunization of rabbits at Covance for antiserum - 18 SEP and
16 OCT
Notebook 4240 and computer files! - Preparation of vaccine for FDA
immunization of mice - September and October
Notebook 4241 - Receipt of 30 vials of rPA from - 30 SEP
Notebook 4241 and computer les and other papers! - "New" formaldehyde
experiment - September into November
Papers and computer les - BOO-03, part 5 study: 2 dose efcacy
in rabbits! - October through December
Meetings? Teleconferences? Protocol reviews? Other "non-lab" work?
I
US. Army Medical Research Institute of infectious Diseases_ V-,2*1AL L FEE URI-LATI Ill-I If DIJTERIIIIEZI
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92 HEREIN IS TEICLAFJSIFIED
D.§tT.E 1.2-UE~EClClEi ET 513324 UC B.AT:I_.*1:5.E ~,~L§:iC
_ 1 _
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
yr of transcription Q 3 Z O '7 Z 2 O O 3
On March 3, 2003, BRUCE E. yrvnvs, date ofbirth
04 ,L2t2t£;i_..,9;4.§...A.._.r.e1Qsiels.atesnri=tn.se.s<i9.,uni;s.13f&e;.1.:,;2.§.%.£5f4.}i9..'Z". Weeinterviewed at his pleee._.s>sftietI_1nl..<g1rtne£.,is;¢¢1iemUsni.ted St.'a :-15¢?-¢$A$¥Z~§1.:¥:I[41Y1'*Mes1_;is;__e.lt..,1.i..e.e..e..~a1-:..<;.lii.l..1i§*e.1;itatsasf]. fe ' -» ions _-D;.l..§.e.£=1,.§......e<S.- ..£il§.Zé.1Z£.1iI ID> I Fert b6De_tr.i_cJs.t,.i1Le1.r,y:J..e.1.a.@i..,,.,,tsel.en.11s;11e* After Beihéi eT5i"7i"ee3 Of" we
the identity of the agents and the purpose of the interview, IVINS
provided the following information:
IVINS provided the agents with a list of individuals that
the agents mi Wll 35 hard copies of emails?ht_want_to_conLact_as between IVINS lfor
IVINS to determine the spore concentration of the B.a. in the
Daschle letter. These materials are attached herein.
[:::::::]contacted IVINS and asked him to get a hold of
the Daschle letter and determine the spore concentration. IVINS
does not recall whether[:::::::]told him to askfor access to the Daschle letter or if| gcalled the
and requeste that IVINSbe given access. | |may recall how[J advised IVINS to
obtain the Daschle letter. I may remember whether itwas w o cgjled and asked to I |_h . |:|
give the Daschle letter to IVINS to process.
IVINS did not initially know that had custody of
the Daschle letter. He advised that even if had told him
to "go get the letter", IVINS would not have known to go to[::::j
' tain it. IVINS further advised that even if he had known thatE¬ii? was in custody of the letter and he had requested access to
it without some kind of authorization, she probably would not have
given it to him.
[:::::::]did not specify that IVINS should do the
concentration determination in Suite B3. IVINSI |
picked up the Daschle letter from and took the Daschle letter
to IVINS lab space in B3 to do what had requested. In
retrospect, IVINS thinks that they should have process
Daschle letter in a glovebox rather than a hood, howev re was bq
not a glovebox in B3. ~ bgaw-1
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M1 -44 // This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions of the FBI. it is the property of the FBI and is loaned to your agencv;
it and its contents are not to be distributed outside your agency.
92
* -° O QFD_;302a Rev. 10-e~9s!
2'79AWF222936302;279A-BAClOl39;2'79AWF~222936USA192/IRIID
C0iiHHii0n0fFD-3020f BRUCE E- IVINS ,On O3 / O3 / 2003 ,Pag': -2-
' Qf the Daschle B.a. concentration datasheet to I9I IVINS does not reca
brin in the Daschle concentration data to IVINS knows
that is aware that the Daschle letter went into B3 because
he brought the data sheet. IVINS presumes that
ould know that t e Daschle letter was in B3 since| I
would also have known that the Daschle letter went into B34
as knew that B3 was where IVINS had his lab space.
During the fall of 2001, some DSD personnel had to be
placed on Cipro as a precaution. This was not because the Daschle
letter was processed in B3. IVINS advised that the "scuttlebutt"
was that it was because of mishandling of material by DSD. If DSD
did mess up with regard to safety, the most that could happen toE:::::]would be a sl?p on the hand. On the other hand, the sime
mistake could affect
IVINS does not think that he should have been given the
Daschle letter contained only in ziplocs, rather it should have
been overpacked in a cans He does not think that the letter shouldhave ever been in[;;:::::;Jsince it is a Biosafety Level BL! 2
area. He also foun out a ter the fact that it should not have
been processed in B3.
[:::::::::]received a "huge" Standard Operatin Procedure SOP! for the handling of future evidencT::fE%:E%f%j::::%:]said
that no evidence was to be taken into B3 or the
Bacteriology Division in general.
Whatl Itold IVINS about] J
rompted him to conduct his independent swabbing
project. said that the way the letters were being handled
was terrible. IVINS advised that the hot spots found in B3 during
the swabbing may have been contamination from the Daschle letter.bé
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Additional individuals you may wish to inten/iew
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DATE 12-DE? EDGE! BY TJC
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FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATIONE§s.T1I_.*D.S ,.> L EC
Date of triigcription [1 7 [2 Q ! 3
.On April 15, 2003, BRUCE E. IVINS/gghé Of birth
S 04/2,2 /194.5_!,_.__S°¢i§El_,..§_?¢Plri'El/'_.-§¢.$1QP1!?-E. I1umP,e?-._%T§fQl4Zl;E53P¥T¬7 Wis
interviewed telephonically at 1s"pI5&*t6f"émp1oyméhtT the Unite dStates Army Medical g¢se§;9g ;§§;;tute§gfffafsbiiaéiiéééées ' I
wsmR-'1-:D*>-~F-~s*D, or §tT i"é ']<i,' IV1aryIia*iTc3T E""', eFEh After
being advised of the 1 entit of t e t d th y agen an e purpos
interview, IVINS provided the following information:e of the
IVINS keeps his samples in cryotubes in 5"x 5"x 0.5"
freezer boxes. He does not recall having any larger Sterilite
boxes in the lab.
IVINS recalled
The only lyophilizer at USAMRIID that IVINS had any
knowledge of is located in Suite B5. This lyophilizer is
and it went straight to Suite B5 after it was received at
It has never been outside of Biosafety Level BSL! 2 lab
IVINS used this lyophilizer to make MPL PA vaccine. This
is made from a detoxified product from Gram negative bact
is used as a non-specific immunity booster. It does not
protection against any particular disease, and it can be
any vaccine. He has not used this lyophilizer since the
Anyone in the Bacteriology Division would have
this lyophilizer, as well as anyone with access to Suite
one time, access to Suite B5 could also be gained via the
door. There is a combination lock on the Suite B5 door, b
did not know when that lock was installed. Prior to the
combination lock, there was a key lock on the door whicha Virtis
USAMRIID.
space.
vaccine
eria and
offer
added to
mid 1990s
accesstoB5. iAt
crash
ut IVINS
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worked some of the time. IVINS has never seen[;;;:::] let alone near the Suite B5 lyophilizer. There i
a itional lyophilizer in Building 1412, Roomsan
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Continuation ofFD-302 of BRUCE E ' IVINS , On O4 / 15 /2 O O 3 , Page .._%_.
b6
[:::::::]has knowledge-of. It was turned in approximately three DYC
years ago for a new lyophilizer.
For aerosol challenges, the stocks of Bacillus anthracis
B.a.! are kept in Suite B3. Dilutions are made and kept in large bg
glass bottles. These bottles are placed in bags and then a b7F
transport can. They are transported to the Building 1412 airlock
and placed in the refrigerator one to three days prior to thespray. The pre~challenge inoculum incubates overnight in Romn[:::]
O , the B.a. spores are heat
shocked at ' 'cooled in ice, and laced in9-10 mL tubes. One tube per animal is prepared. The[:::dilution
is plated using Tryptic Soy Agar TSA! from the Tissue Culture
Group.
As the challenge runs, the all glass impinger AGI! water
samples are collected after each run and given to IVINS to be
plated. The colonies are counted the next day to determine the
difference between the prechallenge concentration and the dose
that each animal actually received.
The used agar plates are placed in a bag and autoclaved a
few days later along with the rest of the spray trash. If a spray
is conducted on a Tuesday or Wednesday, the plates are read the
following day or two and clean up is on Friday. If it was a very
busy week, clean up might wait until Monday.
Plates, paper, and trash to be autoclaved are placed in a
. tidy sack, which is a large, extra thick paper bag. The
individual's name and where the trash is from are noted on the sack
and it is brought to the basement where the animal caretakers
autoclave it. IVINS does not know how long the bag sits in the
basement prior to being autoclaved.
After a certain amount of time has passed after being
plated, B.a. colonies would no longer be able to be counted. After
five to seven days, B.a. spores would form on any nutritional agar
medium. Once the spores have formed, they are viable for a long
time. There are still viable spores on the original B.a. Ames
slant from Texas when it was last checked for the repository.
Spores do not need nutrients because they are inert.
Agar grown B.a. spores are almost always clumpier and
dirtier and are not as high quality as broth grown spores.
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~04/22/1946, social securitywacpounthnumher-;§0-§4;§44Q,;was_@;;;@g§1
interviewedtelephonically at§his;p1a¢e,pgiemploymentiitheaugigeaqgg;-,.~>-
W.
»
USAMRIID! , , Fort Detrick, Maryland;;,f :el,epno'ne,_ ,t;;A£t;%§5¢;}
_being advised of the identity 0f'the4agént_and the purpése Oi theE!U
interview, IVIl92TS_ provided the 92fOZLlt5wing92;iiifOirmatiOh: ,4 ~§ _;'=;_,_~~>_; ;~
Iilg regalled details about¢the|
" i Be @<1v.1$¢,<% t
that most of the same people aEtend Bacteriology Div1sion.parties;»'
~and therefore the guest list for each party is difficult92to recaIlq;, ; ,- - - ' 4 ~, .1 7 , _ , __»,> , . 1 *92
, , .- ,1 l , ~ L -1 M.
IVINS feels badly because his work could have layed a '§ii
role in the anthrax mailings. -Someone could haqe~read his researéh-'
and determined that Bacillus,anthrac1s= B.a.! Ames,yasivaccine_*»;resistant. , I . *~;~ ,, V. "i. Y/l4: ~,92r " <"
After his telephonic qonuersation with,SA[::::::]on I
04/15/2003, IVINS feels sick over @he.fa¢t that the maéflal used]
V in the anthrax mailings could have come from a stock made fromythe ,'
4B.a. aerosol challenge trash. ,Nflf: xf-',;,,@Y f,~'*; _;
I _ Y 4 . . V I .
u1 924 1 r
I
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1 9292/
Y '_, I .
hwwwmnw O4/17/2003 M Washington, DC, ,,AYtelebhonicallVi~t T 279A-BA-c10,1392 M55 * ,
P11~=# 279A-WF-222936-USAMRII ,279A-WF22?2936":3 edicmed, N/A ;by sA| | _s V/92,;~ F
This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions of the FBI. It is the op'e11yx>f fhe>FBI and is loaned to 3r_our§ae-,mZ;y - ,it and its contents arelnot to be distributed outside your agency. " ' J? *
- / ..t 5:1 ,5States Army Medical Research.Institteiof InéCtios§DIseases@¥%§¬§§ b6
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HE :*,1'.I*] TS ITltTI'II.i',Li§-iTFTFIT;IFD-302 Rev. 10-6-95! 6 Ii [BATE l2ElI32UUI3 BY 60324 UE Bl'l1IfP.5;"LEilI
-1-
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
Date oftranscription OBZILSZZQQB
On August 15, 2003, SA[::::::::::::::]entered the bgBiological Containment Suite numbered B3 at the U S ARMY MEDICAL b7WRESEARCH INSTITUTE OF INFE TIOUS DISEASES U_S_A_MR{IDI , Fort Detrick,
Maryland with BRUCE N a research scientist from the
Bacteriology Division USAMRIID. IVINS presented SA[:::::]with
an agar slant labeled, "AMES 2554l4B B. anthracis" and a cardboardshipping container postmarked February 18, %981, originating from,ITexas A&M Vet. Med / iaq. Lab., P.O. Box
Amarillo, Texas 79106" to Dept.of the Army / U.S. Army Medical Researg Institute of Infectious .
Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland 21701".
SA[:::::]placed each item into individual ziploc-type
bags, sealed them, and wiped their exteriors with a bleach solution
before placing each of them into a second ziploc-type bag. The
outer ziploc-type bags were wiped with a bleach solution and placed
together inside another ziploc-type bag. The outer ziploc-type bag
was wiped with a bleach solution and placed in a turned-out
biohazard bag inside a transport container on the cold side of the
B3 airlock. From the hotside of suite B3, SAI Iobserved,
throuqh the window of the airlock, asI II Iaccompanied by Hazardous Materials Response
Unit, Hazardous Materials OfficerI Iq;::::] opened the airlock from the cold side, closed the biohazard
ag into the transport container, sprayed a bleach solution around
the rim of the container, sealed the container, wiped off its
exterior with a bleach solution, and passed the container to
|:| .
At this oint SAI Ishowered out of suite B3 and b6escortedI Iandl Ito buildin I Iwhere the FBI Ames bqcRepository FBIR! is housed. SAI Itook the transport bicontainer and secured it in the FBIR refrigerator in room[::] of b7Fbuilding[:;:;] The transfer of evidence was documented with a
section of the file."Receipt o roperty", FD-597, which is stored in the FD-340
. _ 3 09s- I:| ¢ -'5%?!
Investigation on 08 /15/2 Q O3 at FOIII Detrick , Maryland
File# 279AWF222936USQMRD , mm dictated 08/15/2003 113%,;
by SA I I
This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions of the FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned to your ageicygit and its contents are not to be distributed outside your agency. ~ $ g é_/ l $2
_ _ '7' V r ¬
6
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FD3O2G 106$5! we 12-us-some BY 50324 UC BAHfRSfL5C
-1-
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
Date oftranscription 1Q {Q2 [2 O Q3
S white 11121:-:=, a r@2<iH.@1;e.l el
Diséasgggégggmgggiéf T@2§%Bb¥?¬¥ Sffeét]MF6rE BetriéET"F%éd¬¥ick,Maryland 21702 w s advised of the identity of the Special Agent
SA! and the nature of the interview. IVINS provided the following
information:
IVINS identified several preparations of Bacillus anthracis BA!
Ames strain which the Federal Bureau of Investigation FBI! may rA want to add to the "Ames Repository". IVINS also clarifie he 23¢history of the samples of Ames BA that IVINS| I "
submitted to the Repository during April, 200 . ' '
IVINS listed his Ames samples as follows: kg;
5 .
Original 1981 slant from Texas, 2554143 b2
7800a 135
7800b b7C
7737 b7E
1030 Reference Material7739a
7739b
7739c
The last four samples listed above are spore preparations which
were produced by various individuals at USAMRIID. _Reference
Material 1030 is a multiple batch lot of spores oroduceo/by IVINS b6 from 11/20/1995 to 11 18 1 s. produced b .c:
lOt 7739a On O7/25/1997. prO0uEé0 T§w§ 7 39b and
7739c on 12/08/1999 and 03 8 2U B respectively. IVINS will save
the above four spore preparations for future submission to the
Repository. IVINS also had two additional preparations of Ames BA
spores, lots 7736 and 7738, but the spores were used and are no
longer available. ' '
The first four sam les of Ames listed above were submitted to the
Repository by durin ril, 2002. The 7800 a and b samples
are from IVINS respectively. 7800a is a sample
of IVINS Ames ared from a single colony of the
original Ames slant by IV NS in 1985. 7800b is a sample from the
hwmmwnwl O8/13/2003 M Frederick, MD
PM 279AWF222936 SUB.%%i Dawdicwwd 0s/20/2003
by - 55/ - /5
This dowment Qmilills neither recommendations nor conclusions of the FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned to your agency; 6
FD 302a. Rev. 10-6-95!
279A-WF222936 SUB 302
Contmuation 0fFD-302 of Bruce I-V-inS , On O 8 /13 / 2 0 O3 , Page 2
92
. fmg§RRY MIK ELB, dated July, 1991, and labeled[:;;]Efiii;E2??Ei?2:illF5§ZT evesgthat the MIKESELL sample was derive gigfrom stock culture around 1985. The sample labeled
| |and submitted to the Repository in A ril 2002 maybe from MIKESELL's collection and not directly fromE:::i::::::]
stocks of BA. |:| submitted IVINS samples to the
Repositor and would be able to rovide information on the ori in r_JL_________1 P 9of the sample in the Repository. I Iis now
employed byj
I I
IVINS began work at USAMRIID in the early 1980s. When IVINS
arrived, the scientists who worked on BA cultured BA, or "sub-
cultured" BA by taking an inoculation loop, scraping the loop
across a plate of multiple BA colonies, and then using the scraped
loop to inoculate a fresh culture for BA growth. IVINS was
surprised at this method of inoculation. Before beginning work at
USAMRIID, IVINS subcultured bacteria by using an inoculation loop
to "pick" a single colony of bacteria, instead of taking multiple
bacterial colonies as done at USAMRIID. The single colony method
was used by many scientists so that subculturing would not lead to
genetic diversity in growing cultures of bacteria. The multiple
colon s cu1turing method used at USAMRIID was recommended by
a respected scientist in the BA field. In 1983 and
1984, e two plasmids present in BA were discovered, and IVINS
then everted to the single colony method of subculturing.
Further, when IVINS reverted to the single colony method, IVINS
also used the original 1981 agar slant of the Ames BA and started a
fresh culture of Ames to use in his, IVINS, research.
IVINS noted that MIKESELL moved to Ohio several years ago and no
longer worked at USAMRIID. MIKESELL was considered an alcoholic
while MIKESELL worked at USAMRIID, due to MIKESELL drinking a lot
of hard liquor. MIKESELL died last year and IVINS attributed
MIKESELL'death to excessive drinking, lack of exercise, and a poorlife sgyle. Individual wh rk d 'th MIKESELL t USAMRIID s o wo e wi a were,|last/ ame unknown LNU!,[:::::]
phonetic!, and phonetic!. s ssssnla ~ Jwnwwmsamsssmlbk»
b7C
K1 ALL IHFE IEIN II lIl]5TTE1.IITE1Z'I D HERE IH CLASSIFIED
FD3Q2a@ 1Q6$5! J DATE 12~0s-200$ Br 5:224 UC EAUEREHLSZ
_ 1 _
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
Date of transcription 1 Q Z Q 3 Z 2 Q Q 3
BRUCE IV 5-, .. ,,',;._§.&iHla~1-'.§1 r -.3-.v1;Q2§ ' ka,__1;_,_e ¢7»92924'Q .q_§ aScientist? %Et%?%§%%%QA%my Medi¬§%B%§s%?tut%Xo?%%fec¬?8§?h
Diseases USAMR !, 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Frederick,
Maryland 21702 was advised of the identity of the Special Agent
SA! and the nature of the interview. IVINS provided the following
information via facsimile:
IVINS provided copies of 17 pages from IVINS laboratory notebooks
and a one page typewritten note.
IVINS made several Bacillus anthracis BA! spore preparations in
the 19 Os. In May, 1987 and June, 1987,E;;;;;;%]and BRUCE IVINS made spore preparations BE shee Tood%§y§r, as well as Leighton and Doi medium. The June, 1987
preparation was made using BA from the original 1981 agar slant of
Ames strain BA= In December, 1989 IVINS made spores on sheep blood
agar as well as Leighton and Doi medium using the original 1981
Ames slant.
IVINS andE;;:%gég;;;imade several spore preparations during themid-198Os; 1n ' I =0 to the spore preparations listed above.
Investigationon 09/05/2003 at Washington, D.C. via facsimile!
Fi1<=# 279A-WF222936 SUB @ Daledicwwd 09/12/2003Z
b6
1:2
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H Is UNCLAFFIFIEDFD3°2 Rm 1@685! DLTE 12-as-2002 Q? 50224 UC Biw:Rs;Lsc
-1-
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
Date oftranscription ]_2[O3[2003
BRUCE WINS, white »-
_piseases USAMRTIDLJ 1425 Po te£m§tregt#w§g£g%Q§§§i§ET Br§§§rfck,1gL%L1g;1;a=m__ggg;j Ci was "aasea of the' i 2'1é"?¬iE37*6f EIi é M
Special Agent SA! and the ature of the interview. IVINS provided bvc
the following information e1ephonically=
~
IVINS stores his Bacill anthracis BA! strains and seed stocks in
a freezer located in Bu lding 1425 at USAMRIID. IVINS' freezer
belongs to the Bacteriology Division at USAMRIID and is located in
a io-Safety Level 3 BSL-3! laboratory in Building 142 .
and IVINS share the same BSL-3 laboratory, but uses
¬ iferent freezer than IVINS. -
I INS freezer is aso a different freezer than the freezer which r
i used by The freezer that[:::::::]uses to store bf BA strains an sto ks is ocated in Building 1412 at USAMRIID. The ¬
BA Ames e t at er work and stores in. . 7E
92 Stored in IVINS' freezer in Building 1425 's a box of.BA strains
and isolates originally belonging to as we 1 as a box bg
of BA strains and isolates ori inall be nging '0 ggggg MIKESEQg, b7CThe BA isolate designated as[;%::::iE]w ich IVINS' mar $% not the[:::::::]BA Ames isola e.
//0/¢»_; 0/41$:/rérv/¢~J r/v
3_»92!-W92§1H:| %a}M/.2 /iv //7%? 4297/
Investigationon 9/03/2003 at Washington, D.C. telephonically!
File# 279A-WF222936 sus Datedictated 9/12/2003
bYi|:i §/ /V3.1IVINS would maintain both the[:::::::]and MIKESELL boxes of BA in _g"] ,".his, IVINS', freezer until contacted by the SA. ;£f& § ;
2 1 I
e ;3_ * ALL uanirlnn CUHTAIHED" ' Hlllfl tiii: Liis IFIED
FD-302 Rev. 10-6-95! min: ' 12- s823us BY 50324 It EAHIRSELEC
-1-
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
Date of transcription 1 O f 2 2 1 2 O O 3
freezer.
section of the file.
I 1 be
Investigation on 10/21/2003 at FOIIZ D¬tIiCk, MarylandOn_lO/2112003, Special along withLF entered theederal Bureau 51 lnvestigati aciilus anthracis AmesRepository FBIR! in buildingt?:i:Fof the U.SXMArmy Medical
Research Institute of Infectious Diseases US RIID! in Fort
Detrick, Maryland, to enter sam les and sample information into theFBIR and FBIR database. Bruce £;xLmLmS from the Bacteriology
Division of USAMRIID submitted four ! duplicate samples for a
total of eight 8! slants to the FBIR. The slants were arranged in
matching pairs and each slant was assigned an FBIR number in
sequential order. The odd numbered slants were immediately shippedoverni ht to the Northe92n ' ' ' Q Iii <> Ueemeeeeyi
Flagstaff, Arizona. e92even numbered sla s were harvested into
liquid media containing glycerol, and frozen at 7O°C in the FBIR
Copies of the shipping documents were submitted to the 1A
b7C
File # 279A-WF022293 Date dictated 10/22/2003
by SA
357 / 3This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions of the FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned to your agency;it and its contents are not to be distributed outside your agency.
Q U
BACK OF PAGE 129
bl }~v~
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L713
i /_ . ALL IIJFCIF! Iii l'jE1I~]'TAII-1'EIJ' 0 HERE IIJ I5 SEIFIEI1
FD8010@ 1°4@5! DATE 15-05- as E? 50324 uc EAWKRSELSE
-1_
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
Date offranscription 12 [12 ZZQQQ
BRUCE EDWARDS IVINS, Ph.D. white male, DOB 4[22[46, SSE
_28O44-5449, p.S. ARMY MEDICAL RESEAR H INSTITUTE OF INFECTIOUS
DISEASES USAMRIID!, Ft. Detr'ck MD l h i , , e ep one! | was|interviewed at his place of employment, USAMRII , Y1 pecia Agents
I I AAfter being
advised of the identity of the interviewing Agents and the purpose 9292
of the interview, IVINS provided the following information; %$,b¢
92 In response td92the subpoena issued by the FBI in 2002,I Isearched the freezer in B3.IVINS befievesl Iprepaied the four samples of Bacillus
anthracis Ba! Ames strain t~at were found during the freezer
search and submitted the samples to the FBI Repository FBIR! in
April 2002. IVINS provided the following labels and descriptions
for each of the four samples:
1! "Original slant Ames spores 1981"- This is the original
sample sent from Texas, which was Ba Ames strain isolated
cow.
2! "7800a - Primary subculture from original slant- 1985-
Ivins"- This is a subculture that IVINS made in 1985 from
original 1981 slant.
3! "7800b ~ Ames strain from 1985 ~ Multiple
Passages"- T is is from collection. IVINS
how this sample was made.from a
Bruce
the
is unsure
4! "7737 - Dugway Ames spores- 1997" This is Ba Ames spores sent _b6
from DUGWAY PROVING GROUNDS for use in aerosol challen es. This b7cmaterial was used as the reference lot. Origina1ly[:ji:::;;:::] b7?
E::::::::]purified spores were sent. The spores were store in two
500 mL flasks. IVINS has approximately 100 mL left of this sample
IVINS believes that tissue samples, possibly a spleen,
were also sent from the cow from which the Ames strain was
originally isolated. IVINS does not know where the tissueb6
b"/C
sampleswould be stored.[::::::]would be able to provide more information _
regarding additional tissue samples from the cow.
hwsmnml 12/12/03 M Fort Detrick, MD
55/ - / 9
FM 279A-WF-222936-Us ~ Dmdiciated
by SA
Ill
This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions of the FBI. It is the property of The FBI and is loaned to your agency;
it and its contents are not to be distributed outside your agency.b 6
be
b7
BACK OF PAGE 132_|*__¢
I1u
106
bx»
ii
FD-3 021 Rev. 10-6-95!
279AWF222936USAMRIIDi-1.:
cmmwmmdmnwz BRUCE EDWARDS IVINS onl2/12/O3 ,h$ 2
[;:::::::;;:::::]and IVINS searched the B 'and found our m re Ba Ames samples labeled| i
scriptions to follow!, a box of samples la eled Eg§§FE§§§§;;;;;;?:fname, and a box of samples labeled with PE§RYMIKE§ELL'S name true name may be OLIVER!. MIKESELL's box doe
contai Ba Ames strain, but IVINS does not know if somebody else
has already submitted this sample to the FBIR. These are not
samples that anybody was trying to hide. MIKESELL left USAMRIID in
the early to mid 1990's. MIKESELL's laboratory notebooks are in
IVINS' office t b k '» . £:g:::::::]no e oo s should be in the library at
USAMRIID. The 1 rary usually discards notebooks after 20 years.
IVINS provided the four samples of Ba Ames strain labeled
Reference Material 1030, 7739 a,b,c! to the FBI repository in
October 2003. IVINS provided Agents with a typewritten description
of the 4 samples The description summary will be submitted to the
1A section of the subfile!.
and descriptions for each of
1! "Reference Material 1030"IVINS provided the following labels
the four samples:
is comprised of Ba Ames strain spores
produced by IVINS] Ion 13 different days: 20 Nov
95, 14 Dec 95, 8 Jan 96, 22 Jan 96, 8 Feb 96, 12 Feb 96, 16 Feb 96,
19 Feb 96, 18 Mar 96, 25 Mar 96, 1 Apr 96, 15 Apr 96, 18 Nov 96.
Batches of spores produced on the aforementioned dates were made in
Leighton and Doi medium and purified on Reno rafin76 gradients.1 A ThlS was found in the B-3 cold room Room[::f::], a 4-8 degree
Celsius cooler. These spores are the leftovers from aerosol
1 challenges. The sample is stored in water and 1% phenol.
1 2! 7739a was produced by[:::::::;:::::]- The s ores roduced were
made in Leighton and Doi media. ~VINS_reviewed notebook
for a description of how 7739a was made. wrote in the
notebook that she obtained the inoculum use to grow up 7739a from
a freezer tube in the freezer. No other details were listed.
3! 7739b was produced by| Ion 12/8/1999. The
spores produced were made in
known about the inoculum andLeighton and Doi media. No details are
methods used.
4! 7739c was produced by| Ion 3/28/2001. The
spores produced were made in
are known about the inoculumLeighton and Doi media. No details
and methods used.b6
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I IFD-3 02a Rev. 10-6-95! 0
279AWF222936USAMRIID
Continuation of FD-302 of BRUCE EDWARDS IVINS , On 1 2 / 1 2 / O 3 , Page 3
b6
I Iwould be able to provide more bl@infofmation regarding the iniculum and production method used to
make
IVINS stored these 4 strains of Ba in the B3 walk-in cold
I Iwas described as a freezer room, which has a
bench and 2 shelves along the walls. Samples are stored on the
floor, the benches, and the shelves in the cold room. Anybody who b6
has access to B3 or B4 has access to People who had access bzc
to] Iinclude, but are not limited to: be
b7F
technician un own name!. Since B-3 and B-4 are
connected, a bod who had acce s to B-4 had access t B-3 whichIincludes: I FNU Fi st Name Unknown]
IVINS also had samples labeled 7736 and 7738, however,
the entire sample has been exhausted. Therefore, he did not
provide the FBIR a sample of 7736 and 7738. Sample 7738 was a
dilution of 7737. .
A Ba Ames strain spore age time line is as follows :
Oldest spores! Original slant 1981, sample #7800, sample #1030,
sample #7739 Y ungest spores!
has the sample labeled and it is being
stored in IandI Ishould knowthe histor of sample] Fkwriter B lieves to beI I was working at USAMREID with nd then left
to] I I IVINS believes that] Iworked on
tH.Ames strain at] I IVINS believes that] I~ I sent around>1994- atI1 7 in I Iat USAMRIID to conduct a strain study.
I Idid not find out until later that[::::]was Ames. IVINSfound out thatE::::]was the Ames strain around 2000-2002. Before
that IVINS just knew the strain by its label, [:::::::]
writer believes to be[:::::::::::] may have
worked with s part of his research project looking at
antibiotic resistance in different strains of Ba.
IVINS is not familiar with the "Ames-Arkansas-Buffalo"
sample. IVINS does not know if samples labeled "Buffalo" named
after the animal, not the city!, "Texas", or "Arkansas", were ever
_ _4,_ 7
FD-302a Rev. 1o-6-95! . .
279AWF222936USAMRIID
Continuation of FD-302 of BRUCE EDWARDS IVINS , On 12 /12 / O 3 , Page 4
typed byE;::::%;:::]group atI I IVINSdoes not now 1 samples collected from Zimbabwe, Turkey, or
Namibia, were typed. IVINS provided agents with a list of strains
that were typed This list will be submitted to the 1A section of
the subfile!. Colonel isolated the Ba sample that he
called Texas 2 from sheep liver. traveled all around the
country to different laboratories collecting different strains of
Ba.
IVINS read in[:::::::::]paper that Ames and New Hampshire
strains of Ba are considered to be hotter than the other strains.
The samples that[::::::::::::]kmought from home in apaint can and then returned to USAMRIID are kept in the cold room,
I Iand[:::::::::::::::]worked for MIKESELL.
I Iwill have their contact information and would be
able to provide more information regarding their research and
samples. A,
I Iworked wighj he
1S a I |l Iwho worked for aboutI Iin theI1 Iat USAMRIID.IVINS does not know where is wor inq now. I
worked with MIKESELL,I IThere was some
friction between MIKESELL Masters Degree! andI I Doctoral
Degree! because of their degree levels. IVINS distrustedI I
and questioned his scientific integrity. Many other people at
USAMRIID includingI Ifelt the same way
towardsI I
WhenI Ileft USAMRIID he tookk{ I I IVINS does notI
now 1fI Itook Ba Ames strain from USAMRIID, but Ididhave access to Ba, since he used toI in the B4
suite. [:::::]shared Delta Sterne, Delta Ames, Delta Vollum all
of which were heat cured of the toxin plasmid withI Irjwriter knowsl Ito be aI IintoldI Ithat he made the Ba himself,
although he did not make them himself. I Iis currently workingon Anthrax research at theI I
IVINS did not hear of a shipment sent to[::::::::::1in
Russia. There were strains sent to Russia as part of an exchangeb6
107C
be
b7C
b2
b7F
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FD-302a Rev. 10-6-95! 0 D
279AWF-222936-USAMRIID
Continuation of FD-302 of BRUCE EDWARDS IVINS , On 1 2 /12 / 0 3 , Page 5
program. IVINS provided Agents with documents showing the request
for shipment, the import permit, and the shipping papers These
documents will be included in the 1A section of the file!.
USAMRIID sent Russian Scientist,I I Address
listed on shipping documents- J I
I IRussia!, bestrainsI I Iis the trainthat b7CBiopgrt uses for making the anthrax vaccine. I Iis similar
to th Sterne strain and is not a derivative of the Ames strain.
The shipment request date was September 18, 2000. Delta Ames
strain is the Ames strain which has been cured of the toxinplasmid. [:;:::;:::]generated the "H" or "H*" H star! strain,
which was t oug t to be a vaccine resistant virulent strain of Ba.
I Isaid that Ba Ames strains with the capsule
plasmid only cured of toxin plasmid! are still on the select agent
list because of research that has demonstrated the ability to
transfer plasmids back into cured strains, thus producing a
virulent strain from an avirulent strain.
[:::::::::;:::::]can return the capsule plasmid to Ba ANR
~strain, but doesn't know if the toxin plasmid the larger plasmid!
can be returned to a toxin cured strain. ,
92
I Iscientist visiting USAMRIID b6from approximatelyI Iwas working in the bacteriolo y b7Cdivision conducting research on Ba Am ' I Ihad b7;access to the BSL 3 suites. I IanotherI I
scientist, was also working at USAMRIID92in the bacteriology
division and had access to theI I in the BSL 2 suites. IVINSis unsure of what| Iwas working on and ifI |had
access to the hot suites. IVINS described as an odd
character, the type of person who would "k nts and ask i is rethe jury for mercy because he? an orphan". worked
withI
In late 2000 Israel asked USAMRIID through[:::::::::::]to ship Ba Ames strain to an laboratory.
During the time eriod of 10 16/2000 to 1- 13 2000, there was emailtraffic between%::::::::::{IVINS,I Iregarding the shipment. At the request ofI I
IVINS requested permission to ship Ba Ames strain toI I
I I I The request was discontinued when theI DEPARTMENT d§;c0MMERcE asked t ' ' _ ques ions regarding the shipment and
the sample amount. The request was reopened on 22 2001 and IVINS
_ completed the necessary paperwork. However, at the
jIII-'--"t
A * 0 Q
FD-302?. Rev. 10-6-95!
- 279AWF222936USAMRIID
cmmmmdmmwzd BRUCE EDWARDS IVINS ,@112/12/O3 m$ 6
DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE denied the request. I |had beenreally pushing for the shipment to| | IVINS believes ' 'possible to have taken a sample of a mes strain back to Ef:ii:]
without anybody knowing it.
IVINS has worked on a research project with[:;::;:::::]
The research included inserting the protective antigen PA into
E.coli, transferring the PA into Bacillus subtilis Bs!,
transferring the PA into non-sporulating Delta Stern strain whichis cured of the toxin plasmid Delta Sterne E:£:::::::;] and then
using this strain to create a vaccine. IVINS as samp es of the
original Bs stain and the Bs containing PA!._
Many USAMRIID Ba researchers are no longer working at
USAMRIID. These researchers may have had some samples remaining
when they left employment at USAMRIID and did not name anyone "in
charge" of the samples. IVINS provided the names of the following
researchers who may have left samples behind:
' Imay have | samples!
PERRY MIKESELL
Iworked with
I Imav have sam les!
_ Imay have samples!
4
IVINS agreed to allow Agent [:::::]accompany him into the
. biological containment suite B3 located in building 1425 to locate
Ba Ames samples discussed during the interview and to look for
additional samples of Ba. Results are included in a separate FD-
302. ~
The following is a list of the documents IVINS provided
to the Agents that will be submitted to the 1A section of the file:
1! A typewritten description of the 4 samples found in the B3
freezer that IVINS submitted to the FBIR in October 2003.b6
1?-7C
b7D
b6
b7C
b2
b7F
b6
b"-C
F3 e I .§~~ "
C~ ' "' O C
FD-302a Rev. 10-6-95!
279AWF222936USAMRIID
ContinuaonofFD-302 of BRUCE EDWARDS IVINS ,On 12/12/O3 ,Page L
bf»
bxcFD_2LllL_Q_BQ_Lrain£_LhaL]have been typed by[:::::::::::]
3! Ba Shipment request from Israel, email traffic regarding
shipment, letter from the Department of Commerce denying request
4! Ba Shipment request from Russia, import permits, shipping
receipt.
5! Multiple Ba strain inventories, including the Select Agent
Registry created by the Safety Office at USAMRIID and the Strain
Report created for the Medical Research and Development Board,
which lists IVINS collection.
6! 2 Ba strain lists of Perry Mikesell's Ba collection
7! Application for re istration of Etiologic Agents to USAMRIID'ssafety office for IVINS
8! Emails regarding request to find out if USAMRIlD made dried,
powdered anthrax Ba spores 1
R _ _ nq;
1 . :£Il~IFIIiFL3Le1,TI an EEIHTAIHED
- : In IS UNCLASSIFIED
DATE 12-as-zone BY @0224 uc Biwrnextec £130-302 Rev. 10-6-95!
_1.. '
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATIONl
_ Date of transcription 1 2 Z ]_ 5 Z 2 O Q 3
boOn 12/12/2003 SA accompanied BR92UCE E.IViQS, of the Bacter'ology DlVlSlOn of the U.S. ARMY MEDICAU: lRESEARCE ;NsTITU$E_QEk§uEEQ$;ou§ DISEASES IID!, Fort ck, bFMaryland into biolo ic l containment s 't l if b ' ' l l
the following samples:g ui e uilding QFrimmimiirigerator located in rooml lof suite| l IVINS showed SA ' NNNNb6
USAMIID Sample #
~ 1030 50mL Falcon tube '
7739a 50mL Falcon tube
7739b 50mL Falcon tube
7739c 50mL Falcon tube
462 50mL Falcon tube
one ! liter flask containing approximate y 0mL of USAMRIID b7F
Sample #7737.
From a -70 degree Celsius freezer located in the hallway
of suite,[:::]IVINS showed SA[::::::]the following samples:
Sample description Container Approximate Volume
Six ! tubes
labeled Ames Box fa
Nine 9! tubes
labeled Ames "7800"Box labeled Ivins
Box #2
Eighteen 8! tubes Box labeled Ames
s ores froml |
| lfrom
orig. Ames slant
diluted in and
E::]to about
Investigation on 12/12/2003 at FOI lI DGtIiCl{, Maryland
File # 279AWF-222936- Date dictated 12/15/2003
lby SAI l*ZQ?Y"cQ >
This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions of the FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned to your agency;
it and its contents are not to be distributed outside your agency.b c
Container Approximate Volume
1'
1
From a walkin cold room Room[:;::l, IVINS disclosed a b2
Ibl?
b7C
b2
b7F
b6
b7C
U7 4 I i
BACK OF PAGE 147
92 30.»:
wef Q71?
lip 302a Rev 10-6-95! '
279AWF222936USAMRIID
C0ntmuat10n0fFD-302 of Bruce E , Ivins , On 12 /12 /2 O O 3 , Page 2
Sample description Container Approximate Volume
Five
labeledBox labeled Mikesell Not noted
One ! tube labeled
Ames FTD 1004White plastic
Nalgene box labeled
MikesellNot noted
One !, fifteen I
5! mL Falcon tube
labeled Ames SPStyrofoam rack Not noted
One ! tube labeled
Ames BA 1004 9-24-92
DTBox labeled BA stock
cultures 1aNot noted
One l! tube labeled
Ames BA 1004 3492Box labeled "b" box
stock culturesNot noted
One !, fifteen
5! mLlabelediiiijigiffiAmes250mL Beaker
One !, fifteen
5! mL Falcon tube
labeledAmes 1l;1;0O250mL Beaker
"10 " denotes exponential notation
IVINS also presented nine 9! tubes labeled I I
of Ames from a box labeled _ There ;
ave ermission to blook in the boxes labeled withI Wand his b
HBIIIES .
In the box labeled Ames and SterneI I
I Ithere were twelve 2! tubes
labeled Ames 2/11/99 containing approximately 1mL of material.b2
b7F
1
rewere several other boxes with the names I I £7,I JI Lg J2M7F
FD 302a Rev 10 6-95! '
w
279AWF222936USAMRIID
Contmuatlon ofFD-302 of Bruce E , Ivins , On 1 2 / 12 /2 O O3 , Page 3
In the walkin refrigerator Room[:::] SA[:::::]
observed the following samples:
Sample Description Container Approximate Volume
One !, fifteen
5! mL Falcon tube
ifBox described by
Ivins as containingNot noted
One !, fifteen
5! mL Falcon tubelabeled Ames sporesBox described by
Ivins as containing
|:l samplesIii
One !, l.5mL
eppendorf labeled
Ames:Styrofoam eppendorf
rackNot noted
One !, l.5mL
eppendorf labeled
Ame IStyrofoam eppendorf
rackNot noted
One !, l.5mL
eppendorf labeled
Ames2Styrofoam eppendorf
rackNot noted
One !, l.5mL
eppendorf labeled
AmesStyrofoam eppendorf
rackNot noted
Two !, 20mL lass
tubesTube rack Not notedb6
b7C
b2
b7F
~ g a1ZQD-30221 Rev. 10-6-95!
279AWF222936USAMRIID
Continuation ofFD-302 of BJCIJCE E. IViI1S ,On 12/12/2003 ,Page $-b5
b7
ii!;
b 7
Sample description Container Approximate Volume
One !, 20mL lasstube labeled[:%:::]
" Ames
One ! tube labeled
purified AmesTube rack
Tube rackNot noted
Ndt noted
One ! tube labeledAmes| I,Tube rack Not noted
Also located in Room[:::] was a plastic screwtop
canister labeled[:::::] which contained an eppendorf. The portion
of the eppendorf that could be read was labeled|
follows:Also located in Room
was a plastic tube rack labeled] |containing fifteen 5! mi
Falcon tubes. The tubes labeled with "Ames" were specified as
W ' 3" 111 Dim-mrznm i:i:mrr1n~irn
Fnaozamv $93 1 I HERE _15 UNCLASSIFIED
' DATE 12-0a~200a Br 50:24 UC BAHFREJLSC
-1-
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
Date of scription O 5 [ 4 [ 2 O O 5
On 12/12/2003, ~ , scienti t at the U.S. ARMY beMEDICAT RESEARCH INSTITUTE O INFECTIOUS DISEASES, provided Special I b7C
Agents
laborator notebooks that he had 1n his possession. On O4/19/2004,
SA |trans rred ossession of the above numbered
original notebooks to SSA Photocopies of the
original notebooks were made. SSA returned the originals
notebooks to IVINS. The photocopies of the notebooks were placed
in an FD34O and will be submitted to the 1A section of the file.
The laboratory notebooks numbers are as follows:
7 3921
1 3555
3945 ,
3209
35454393
4037
3270
3303
3472
3302
* - ALL Ii TIUH cnnrrzrrn
1 'a* HEHEII UHCLAESIEIED
FD3°2a v" *@9$ A DATE 12-00-2000 BY 50324 UC BAHfR3;LSC
,_1
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
Date of transcription O 5 [ 7 [ 2 O O4
On 12/12/2003, BRUCE IVINS, scientist at the U.S. ARMYMEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES, provided I
S i 1 A t b5 ec a en s A A[:E:::::::?]laboratory notebooks that he had in his possession. b7
The laboratory notebooks numbers are as follows:3921
3655
3945
3209
3545
K/,.,.: ,
V . " II~E¬IFIED BY 50324 TJII Em|I,*Rs;L:=:|:
». I mm .|a-anus
Rev. 01-31-2003! S
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
Precedence: ROUTINE Date: 01/O7/2004
To: Washington Field Attn: AMERITHRAX Task Force
From: Washington Field WAMERITHRAX 1 _ Z3Contact: | I
Approved BY= Ill
Drafted By: I |
Case ID #= U! 279A-WF-222936=|:| [email protected]
92 : , »Title: U! AMERITHRAX; ELI 25 Z;
Major Case 184; bac
OO: Washington Field
GRAND JURY MATERIAL - DISSEMINATE PURSUANT TO RULE 6 e!
was ~><
ld >< A
b2C
s/>4/'
5. / / 4'/r1¢A17%.éAx /up/0/QJ/I I//'N$»¬Au¢e . ¢¢,
,. - ALLEGI:-Jntrrori IUITTAII-TED
y us 5 UHELAEEIFIED
FD%02 Rh1@6@5! DATE 12-09-ztos ET 50324 uc Bin:n5yLsc
L
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
Date of transcription O 2 Z O 3 [2 O O 4 1 f
On 01/2'9/2004 SA met DR RUCE E IVI C y I I _ . .»~
at his place of business in the Bacteriology Division f the U.S. g¬F
ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES SAMRIID!,
1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Maryland, to assist with the
irradiation process of a Bacillus anthracis Ames strain spor
sample labeled as "lO30". The spore sample, approximately in
volume was contained within a 5OmL screw top tube. IVINS enteredroomE:f;;§of the biological containment suite B-3 to retrieve
samp e 30". The sample container was decontaminated with bleach
and sequentially placed within two ! ziploctype packages, each
decontaminated with bleach prior to being placed within the next.
The sample was placed in the airlock of B-3, where SA[:::::]
retrieved the sa le and placed it within another ziploctype
container, sealed 't with evidence tape, and transferred it to the
custody of for inactivation by gamma irradiation.
On O1/30/2004, SA[::::::]retrieved the then irradiated
sample from[::::::]and transported it to suite B-5, where IVINS
set up two ! blood agar plates and one ! liquid culture to
check the irradiated sample for viable organisms. The irradiated
sample was resealed with evidence tape and secured in roon1[:::::::]
until such time as the viability check was confirmed.
On 02/02/2003, IVINS contacted SA|:| to advise that .
the irradiated sample was neqative92for viable organisms. SAI |Iobtained the samples from| Iat AMRIID, transported and
secured the sample at the Washington F'eld Office. I
The transfer of evidence was do mented with a "Receipt
of Property", FD597, which is stored in the FD34O section of the
file. The certificates of irradiation and nonviability were
submitted to the 1A section of the file.
55/%
_ as
Investigation on 1/29-2 /2/2004/at FOIt D¬tIiCk, Maryland
am 279A-WP-222936; Date dictated 02/03/2004
by sA| I jZ ;/ C45
This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions of the FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned to your agency;it and its contents are not to be distributed outside your agency. L!
AL L II'IFURmTI CE-I C IJIIITELIIJEII
Q7 W IS m1r:Li::<s1F1E1;:~I n- _,i2-ms-2005 BY EEEZ4 UC B&HfRSfLSC= t;-§ED-3$2' Rev. 10-6-95!
-1-
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
Date of transcription O 3 / 2 5 / 2 O O4
On March 18, 2004, BRUCE E. IVINS, date Of birth 04/22/1946,
social security account number 280-44-5449, was interviewed at his
place of employment, the United States Army Medical Research Institute
of Infectious Diseases USAMRIID!, 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, b5
Maryland, telephone [::::::::::::] After being advised of the identity b7@
of the agents and the purpose of the interview, IVINS provided the
following information:
IVINS consulted with at USAMRIID Computer
Services and learned that electronic mai email! can be retrieved for
a two year period, however it is expensive to do so. If more than two
years have passed, it is not possible to retrieve email.
An individual by the name of| Iworked as a
| | for at USAMRI ID |
was not happy aE USKMEIID and left em loyment there. I Iwouldhave contact information for[::::::::5
IVINS was not familiar with modified G sporulation media and
he has never worked with it. He first heard of modified G sporulation
media from and IVINS did not recall ever discussing the
IVINS last spoke with] |in| |or| |wheT
! I IVINS spoke with tside of the
building, perhaps in or near the library. and| |
walked by and saw IVINS talking to
Only tryptic soy agar TSA! plates from the Tissue Culture
Group at USAMRIID are used to grow post-challenge Bacillus anthracis
B.a.!. No sheep blood agar SBA! plates are used for post-challenge
B.a.
IVINS did not recall being in the walkin cooler, Rooml;;:]in
Building 1412. He primarily used the first floor cold room in 1 andsometimes used the basement cold room. He advised that Room[:::]is
probably used by those who work on the second floor of Building 1412.
Investigating on O3/18/2004 at Fort terrier, Maryland9292sg~279A~WF-222936-Poi see Iwgw .Fi]e# 279AWF222936; D/279A-BACl01392 Date dictated N/A
SA | b6 by 5A' pvt
92.6e/ -.e?§"
This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions of the FBI. It is the property of Lhe_FBI and is loaned to your agency;
Q Q
42D-302a Rev. 10-6-95!
2'79AWF222936USAMRIID, 2'79ABAClOl392 , 2'79AWF222936POI
Continuation of FD-302 of BRUCE EDWARDS IVINS , On 0 3 / l 8 / 2 O 0 4 , Page _2_
IVINS has not traveled to New Jersey since 2001 and has no
affiliation with Princeton University other than through his father,
who graduated from Princeton University in 1928. IVINS traveled as a
child to Princeton, New Jersey, New York City, and throughout the
Northeast with his family. During that family trip, IVINS toured
Revolutionary War battlefields including the Battle of Trenton site and
Bunker Hill, and also traveled to Plymouth Rock. b6
1 7CIVINS onl knowled e rega ' the] I 3|:| was that n ttt |tt t tttttt.
IVINS has never purchased any pre-stamped envelopes from a
postal vending machine.
IVINS provided the following information relative to his
whereabouts during September 1718, 2001 and October 5~9, 2001:
five hard copies of emails sent and received by IVINS on
September 17 and 19, 2001 and October 5, 2001;copies of music lists for the church where he performed[::::]
n September 16, 2001 and October 7, 2001;a hard copy of an email from] I I
I Idetailing some of IVINS Red Cross activities during the fall of
2001, none of which fell within the two time frames in question;
a list of IVINS bank and credit card account numbers and
information.
These original documents are maintained in an FD340 in the
1A section of the file.
i
i F "0 AEJ. FIST-Ti1,T?UN I'IIlif'l';ltT'fJ'FI1 JFD4°2@ "- *6@5! -i I ~ HREIH IE UNCLASSIFIED
*1 DATE 12-ts-anus BY 50324 u: BAUR3fLSE
-1-
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
Date of transcription O4 [ 12 [ 2 O04
U.S. ARMY MEDICAL RESEA§CH INSTITUTE-FOR INEEQIIOUS_
S USAMRIID! Scientist BRUCE§IVINS and FBI Special Agent heE§%??%?%::f:::::Tinventoried Bacillus nthracis Ba! Ames strain bl
samples in building 1425, suite B-3 freezers and refrigerators
on December 12, 2003. Of the many samples identified there were
22 Ba Ames strain isolates which were not previously submitted
to the FBI repository FBIR!. The 22 samples belonged to
multiple researchers who either presently or formerly worked in
the Bacteriology Division at USAMRIID.
[::::::::]at USAMRIID, I gave verbal approval
to the Writer to coor inate Ehe submgsion of these 22 Ba Ames
strain samples to the FBIR. indicated that as
| I Iat USAMRIID he had the
authority to aflow samples to be submitted to the FBIR,
regardless of the originating scientist. [::::::::::::]also
notified IVINS that IVINS had permission to prepare the 22
samples to submit them to the FBIR.
On April 7, 2004, | submitted the
above mentioned 22 Ba Ames strain isolates as well as 6' ' al samples from I, 3 from[E::::]
2 from all described below! to t e FBI
was sent toOn April 2,<L2oo4,J F;
repo tory. Eac samp e onsisted of 2 Tryptic Soy Agar slants.
One slant was processed for s bmission into the FBIR. One slant
NAU!, for MultiLocus
Variable Number Tandem Repeat A alysis MLVA! by[::::::::::]and[:::::::::1 NAU received the slants in good condition on April
9, 2004. The sample locations, sample descriptions, and
submitting USAMRIID scientists are as follows:
I lprepared the followin sample, which waslocated in the refrigerator in Rooml iin the B-3-Suite: ha
h7c
Sample labelediUUUUUU known to be[::::::] Approximately £58 mL in 50 mL Falcon tube registered to IVINS samples F
was to be used in research conducted by
mwwemnm 4/7/2004 m Frederick, MD
tit # 279A-WF222936- Date dictated b6
b7C
This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions of the FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned to your agency;
it and its contents are not to be distributed outside your agency.I
l 0 QFD-302a Rev. 10-6-95! ' J
Continuation of FD-302 of , On 4 / 1 4 / 2 O O 4 , Page
92 BRUCE IVINS prepared and submitted the following samples, which
. were located in the -70 degree Celsius freezer in B-3 suite
hal lway :
2 Box labeled q I- 6 tubes labeled "Ames"
3 Box labeled "Ames spores from from
ori . Ames slant diluted inI Ito about| I
I18 tubes
4 Box labeled "Mikesell" 5 tubes labeled 1 I
5 White plastic Nal ene box labeled "Mikesell" 1 tube
labeled I I '
6 Styrofoam rack- One 15 mL Falcon tube labeled {::::::]"
7 Box labeled "BA cultures la" One tube labeled Ames
uAmeS BA |
8" Box labeled ""b" box stock cultures" One tube labeled
"Ames BAI I"
9 250 mL Beaker One 15 mL Falcon tube labeled "[:::::::]
Ames [IIIIII]' .
10 250 mL Beaker One 15 mL Falcon tube labeled "[::::::::]
AmeS[:::::::]
BRUCE IVINS prepared and submitted the followin samples, whichwere located in the walkin refrigerator in roogn I
11 Box of[:::::::::::::]samples as described b BruceVIvins One 15 mL Falcon tube labeled 1
EIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIJ"
12 Box of [:::::::::::::] samples as described bv BruceIvins One 15 mL Falcon tube labeled I I
13 Styrofoam Egpendorf Rack-IOne 1.5mL eppendorf labeledII"Ames
14 Styrofoam E endorf Rack One 1.5mL eppendorf labeled
"AmesI Ib6
b7C
b2
b7F
,vA1 s
FD-302a Rev. 10-6-95! ' _
Continuation of FD-302 of , On 4 / 14 / 2 O O4 , Page -3-
92
15 Styrofoam Egpendorf Rack|One l.5mL eppendorf labeled"Ames "
16 Styrofoam Egpendorf Rack-IOne l.5mL eppendorf labeled"Ames '
17 e ragk- Twp 29 lass tubes labeled {:::::::::::]I"in Phenol gel phos"
18 Tube rack- One 20 mL glass tube labeled q I
AmesI I19 Tube rack One tube labeled I I I
20 _nine_1;a.¢[email protected] labeled I
21 Plastic tube rack labeled I I
22 Plastic tube rack labeled I I
23- Plastic tube rack labeled I I
[:::::::::::::]prepared and submitted the followinq samples:
24- 3 Ba Ames strain samples identified when[::::::::::::::]
26 'cleaned out her freezer with SAI I I
[:::::::::::lprepared and submitted the following samples:
27 27 Re istration Ba Ames strain, investigator:[:::::]
location Roo Bldg 1412, date registered:
O 2 23 1
28 Registratidn[::::] Ba Ames strain, investigator: BRUCE
IVINS, location R0om[:::] Bldg 1412, date registered:
7/16/O2, facility registration #7738, 5ml left in a 50 mlvial- leftovers used in aerosol challenges. [;;::;::][::::::] was looking for this sample and actua y ound it
in the 1 floor coldroom.bl:
b7C
b2
b7F
__
IV, . 4. ¬
"FD- 2 10- -3° R°"' 69?! ALL Imam-utT1=:mr cmm.1m:1t~
FIEREIH 1:1 r_m|:1.4ssIF1:E2-
1 DETE l2l]9EDDi3 BY GU32-11 TJII BATH.-R.5.eL5C
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
Date of transcription O4 /13 /2 O O4
On 04/07/2004, | accompanied BR§cE E.
_l_92_7,;§T_S, of the Bacteriology Division of the U.S. ARMY MEDICAL
RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES USAMRIID! , Fort
Detrick, Maryland, into suite B-3 of USAMRIID building 1425, to
secure several samples of Bacillus anthracis Ames strain.
Samples included:
Sample Label Approximate volume
1
kl
Investigation on O4/O 7 , 09/2 O O4at Fort Detri ck, Maryland
File# 279A-WF222936 D -E Datgdicmed 04/13/2004
bv SA E75
tions %%11c/hlsions of the FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned to your agency;b6
b7C
D
bb
b7C
132
137}?
BACK OF PAGE 212K
b6
b /L
i
I
FD-3025 Rev. 10-6-95!
279A-WF222936-USAMRIID
Continuation ofFD-302 of BRUCE E . IVINS , On Q4: / O 7 , O 9 /2 O O,4.Page 2
Ames bb
I 107C
* A~~s Sporesl b3Ill... b7
Ames
* Designated as by Bruce E. Ivins, FD302,
dated 12/15/2003.
These samples were secured and doublelocked in a Fire
and Water-proof safe, sealed with evidence tape, and stored in
the walk~in refrigerator of suite B-3.
Samples within the 70C freezer located in the hallway
of suite B-3 were also secured. Samples included:
Container Sample Label Number of Samples
Amesh 6
Ames s ores from[::::::::::::] 18
from oriq, A slant
diluted in to
abou
Mikeselli I 5
Mikesell Plastic Nalgene box 1
Ames FTD 1004"
15mL Falcon tube| | 1BA cultures la Bow Ames BA 1
B box stock cultures Ames BA 1
15mL Falcon tube[::::::::::] 1
Amesl I
15mL Falcon tube| I 1
Amesl I
92
92 ' ' I
FD-302a Rev. 10~6-95!
279AWF222936~USAMRIID
Continuation ofFD-302 of BRUCE E . IVINS , on 0 4 / 0 7 . 0 9 / 2 0 Q,4Page J-
These samples were secured and double-locked in a Fire
and Waterproof safe, sealed with evidence tape, and stored in
the -70C freezer in the hallway of suite B-3.
On 04/09/2004, SA[::::::]accompanied IVINS into suite
B-3 of USAMRIID building 1425, to secure several samples of
Bacillus anthracis Ames strain. The samples secured included:
7739a
7739bSample Label Approximate volume
7739c S
.||
These samples were secured and doublelocked in the
Fire and Waterproof safe stored in the walkin refrigerator of
suite B-3 and sealed with evidence tape.be
19-7C
b2
b7F
ALL INF '1-LATIDH fl]Ii]TAII-]'EI I» A, ,_ A - ' HEREI} UIJIILASEIFIED
FD-302. Rcv. 10 6 95! DELTE l 7" . 9-5003 3'2 E0324 TIC EATJ.-ES_.-*Lf:iC
-1- ~
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
Date of transcription O4 Z 13 Z 2 Q Q4
STATES ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
USAMRIID!, Fort Detrick, Maryland, telephésgie After
IVINS Reference Material Receipt Record of Bacillus anthracis Ba!
spores sent to USAMRIID from Dugway Proving Ground, Dugway, Utah,
IVINS provided the following information:being advised of the identity of the'interv1ewing agent and the
purpose of the interview, that being to clarify certain entries in
worked in Buildinq| land IVINS believed
he used a I IVINS wasunsure of Lplace of employment, but thinksl Lmay hive
worked at
telephone would be able to provide that
information.
One illegible entry that IVINS deciphered was from
De92ember 14, 2000, and involved a rabbit challenge conducted for
BIOEORT. A secon ille ible ent y was from May 1, 2001, and wasclarified as[::::%:%:::fand "BAT§§LLE", a research facility in
Columbus, Ohio. Ot er unreadable ntries were determined to read
"BOO03" Parts 1-8! which were samples used for aerosolchallenges for [::::i::;::::] -
IVINS knew| | first name unknown I a male from
through] Rphonetic!.called IVINS about a test| Ihad develo ed for killingBa spores instantaneousl . IVINS did not send.E::::f%:]any Basamples but performed[:ii:::::]test himself, finding that the test
did redu th mb f ce e nu er o Ba spores and their viability but was no
more effective than the other methods alread in lace for killing
Ba spores. IVINS was later contacted by one
number[::::::::::::] electronic mail address from
the UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION SEC! in Fort
Worth, Texas. [:::::]was investigating[:::::::]in an alleged "pump
and dump" scheme, in which individuals recruit large quantities of
investors for a certain stock through false or misleading
statements. After driving the stock price up, the individuals then
quickly sell the stock, making a large profit for themselves but
mwngmmnm O4/13/2004 at Fort Detrick, Maryland telephonically!
92*se=w@waiFile # 279AWF222936.L 279A-BA-ClOl3 92 - 92A_Q{92 Date dictated N/A '
br/id] 92 |;8é'/ <3? i
This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions of the FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned to your agency;
_ it and its contents are not to be distributed outside your agency. - L/L3/92/IMBDZ.136On April 13, 2004, BRUCE . IVINS, date of birth Ap1>92i.l 107*?
22, 946, social security account nu er 280-44 5 , was
nter iewed telephonically at his place of emplo ent, the UNITED
b 6
b 7 C
_ F0362? El-?.cv.10-6-95!
F .
279AWF222936 , 279ABACl0l392
Continuation ofFD-302 of BRUCE E . IVINS ,0n 04 / 13 / 2 0 04 ,Page _2_
leaving the other investors with losses when the stock is no longer
being h ed and the price falls. IVINS has had no recent contactwith1;:f¬:::] and is unaware of the results of the SEC
inves igatlon.
IVINS provided a new entry that he had previously
for otten to write down. On March 7, 2001, IVINS sent lggs thanin Ba t<>|x
IVINS emphasized that he had no reason to suspect that
anyone he worked with in Bacteriology was responsible for mailing
the anthrax letters. He was very concerned about the possibility
of the Dugway Ba being involved in the anthrax mailings. Building
1412 is a "black hole" for Ba, and IVINS and his coworkers believed
that the Dugway spores were safe in the B3 and B4 suites.
Consequently, they saw no need to guard their trash.b6
7C
nu; TM?RMAT nnwrnrwtn | b7
HEFLEIII I-1 U1 :J.:iIFIED . ii t 3 iii
FD302 R'1W6@5! I DATE 12-09-zone BY E0324 u: EA$fE5IL53
-1-
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
Date of transcription 0 5 Z O4 Z 2 O O 44-'
On May 4, 2004, B11116 _ IVI.ate _. ir 0/~96,
mil R._i.a.=sl@¢ iplymet»
the Uniteg §tates Army Me-ical 'search_lnstit%ge_of Infectious USAMI Ri'iD' "125 te __ tireei 1: "13i: ',r i""'?c§ ,~_MiE§_y§ih:j: £1§<M*
elehone contacted a - telephonically and _
pr5v1&¬a t e o owing information:
IVINS advised that he had been interviewed recently by an
FBI agent whose identity he could not recall, and that he btold the
h h d 'l f ' ' ' hagent t at e use steri e water or injection w en creating
Bacillus anthracis B.a. Ames spore preparations. IVINS thenlearned frtm1E:::::f::::%:::]that they actually used USAMRIID's
supply of distilled deionized Mil1iQ water for Ames spore
preparations.
iviv92¬7Jl71-92PP L
hwgmmnm . 05/04/2004 at Falls Church, Virginia telephonically!
92S'LpF1le# 279AWF-222936- A-BAClOl392'Date dictated N/A
Y»
This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions of the FBI It is the property of the FBI and is loaned to your agency; by jg] |>j¢*_-7
it and its contents are not to be distributed outside your agency
!t 3, . ALEFIIPHETZCIEII |:|:|i-;mm;0:n / I-E 1:-: 1010L0ss1FIE0
FD3°2@ - @6@5> 001E 12-09-2003 Br 00024 00 nimrR$rLs0
-1-E:
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
Date of transcription O 5 f O 9 [ 2 O O4
On May 7, 2004, BRUCE EDW§§D Ivlg was interviewed at his
place of employment, the United Stat s Army Medical Institute of be
Infectious Diseases USAMRIID!, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland. b7CThe interview was conducted by Su ervisor S ecial Agent SSA!E::][:::::::::::]and Special Agent[::i%::::::2E:fjof the Federal Bureau
of Investigation FBI!. IVINS, who was already familiar with the
identities of the interviewers, provided the following information:
M IVINS has documentation back to approximately 1992 of
transfers he made of the Ames strain of Bacillus anthracis Ba!.
He does notahave documents regarding transfers made prior to 1992.
IVINS sent Ames to Dugway Proving Ground hereinafter referred to
as Dugway! in 1992 and in 1997? The 1997 shipment was to provide
Dugway with the material to produce spores for USAMRIID to use in
aerosol challenge studies.
1
It was probably not noted in IVINS laboratory notebooks
from which supply flask, vial, or isolate! of Ames IVINS or his
coworkers took the material to be shipped to the various external
laboratories. IVINS pointed out on the forms he provided to the
agents during this interview that he noted on the Dugway shipment
and on the shipment of Ames to| I[:::::;;that he use las the source of the
Ames e shipped.
s a| Iat Battelle Mégoria _Inst.11t_u_t BMI! who reque ted some of IVINS spores. 1 Ii not ii
E::::::]but is| lthe spores.
The Ames sent to the Defense Research Establishment atSuffield_ QEE§l_in Canada was probably Ames grown by IVINS or his
coworkers, bu he cannot recall what the source of the material
photograph of the Ames vial sent to IVINS
of DRES, the writing on the vial is that of
She may have prepared the shipment of Ames for DR .
They u d have used Dugway spores or frozen vegetative material,
but IVINS does not recall.
USAMRIID now keeps documentation of internal transfers of
select agents, but they did not in prior years.
. 136hwwwmmvn O5/O7/O4 at Frederick, Maryland b7c
/ ,6Z~"/ 3@
Fi1e# 279AWF222936- -iL Daredicwwd N/A
ssz-xl Iby SA
This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions of the FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned to your agency;
it and its contents are not to be distributed outside your agency. fV . - -° "_ _!?92929292]92'll$'5o2-
i H| I 7 _
FD 302a Rev. 1 .!-6-95!
279AWF222936USAMRIID
CmmwmmoHD6M0f Bruce Edward Ivins ,on05/O7/O4 ,h@ 2
The Ames strain IVINS has was originally obtained from
[::::::::::::] IVINS does not know what happened to the second
slant and infected tissue sample from the original shipment, and he
never saw them. To IVINS knowledge, no one at USAMRIID has found
those two parts of the original shipment of Ames to USAMRIID.
SSA[::::;;]advised IVINS that she is in possession of
his laboratory note ooks and had questions about some of the
notations. IVINS provided the following: "L-broth" is not
Leighton~Doi broth. It is a media composed of yeast extract, beef
extract, and sodium chloride, which produces little spore formation
with Ames. When Leighton-Doi broth was used, it would have been
noted as "L-D broth" of Leighton-Doi.
IVINS recently told another FBI agent that they make the
final resuspension of spores in water for injection WFI!, which is
endotoxinfree bottled water, but he was wrong. After his
conversation with the agent, he asked|
[:::::::::::::::::] and learned that they now do the final
resuspension in USAMRIID housedistilled water which has gone
through a deionizing column. They also use this water to make
Leighton-Doi broth for growing Ba.
IVINS has never had to add antifoam or any other chemical
to his production method for producing Ames spores. The shaking of
the shaker flasks in the broth production is not enough to create a
need for antifoam or any similar product. He is not aware of any
protocol used at USAMRIID which calls for the use of antifoam with
Ames. The protocol for the aerosol challenges does not call for
antifoam. IVINS showed SAs and thedifference between Ames grown on agar and Ames grown in broth.
They use broth~grown material for all of the challenges because the
Ames preparations made that way are so clean in comparison to agar-
grown material.
IVINS does not recall ever sendin Ames to BIOPORT. In2001, he sent Ames spores to BMI. IVINS E:?:::::::::::]went to a
conference n - x sure prophylaxis problems. At thisconference,f::¬fff:f:?j phonetic! of BMI talked about Ames which
belonged to PERRY MIKESELL. MIKESELL could have taken Ames to BMI,
but it should have been documented. IVINS has no knowledge of
MIKESELL discreetly taking Ames fr USAMRIID to BMI. If MIKESELLdid so, he should not have. [:::::f§j1nay have more information
about MIKESELL's Ames.6
b7C
I
t a
FD-302a Rev. 10-6-95!
279A-WF-222936USAMRIID
cmmmmmowamof Bruce Edward Ivins ,on05/O7/O4 Jge 3
The Ames produced by Dugway for USAMRIID in 1997 was made
for aerosol challenges and was widely used at USAMRIID by multiple
researchers. IVINS kept a record of his distribution of this
material. He had previously provided his record to agents, but he
has updated the distribution list since then. IVINS provided his
updated list during this interview. SSA[::::::]pointed out a
mathematical error on the list to IVINS. He had not previously
noted the mistake and believes there should thus be more material
left than his balance shows.
When challenges were scheduled and required the 1997
Dugwa Ames, the bottle of Ames spores was taken to either Room[:::]
or| |b6
b7C
of building 1412. Sometimes it was taken there a day or two bg
b7F prior to the scheduled spray. The aliquots of Ames were prepared
in 1412 from the main bottle. The dilution tubes made from the
Ames collected by the allglassimpinger AGI! were plated on
tryptic soy agar plates. These dilution tubes of Ames were stored
in the first floor cold room until the plates had been counted.
Sometimes the tubes might stay in the cold room for 24 hours to
several days following a spray. This cold room is a walk-in
refrigerator on the first floor, not in the basement of 1412.
Other than this Ames material temporarily stored in 1412, the
larger quantities of Ames were kept in suite B3. The B3 material
was not under lock and key, but was kept inside the hot suite. It
was March 1999 when Ames sample[:::::]was first taken into building
1412.
has used IVINS Ames material known as RMR1029. obtained[::::]<of this material from IVINS on8/28 2000 for diagnosis detection research. [::::::::::::::]worked
fo so if IVINS gave Ames to him, it would have been
for aeroso c a enge work. IVINS believes all aerosol challenges
with Ames at USAMRIID from 1997 until 2002 utilized the Dugway
Ames. IVINS does not believe he provided a sample of RMR 1029 to
| |for| Icollection. IVINS was the one who usually
disseminated the Ames as people requested it.
IVINS does not recall ever seeing any researchers from
DRES inside suite B3 of USAMRIID. Though the post~heatshock
plating is done in 1412 to determine the spore concentration after
heatshocking, other plating is done inside suite B3 of 1425.
Whenever IVINS research group wanted to determine the
concentration of any of their supplies of spores, they plated Ames
in suite B3. These plates, once counted, were autoclaved out
through the suite. They were put in autoclave bags which were tiedho
k7~l
92
I >.
FD-302a Rev. 10-6~95!
279A-WF-222936-USAMRIID
cmmmmmonmamof Bruce Edward Ivins ,onO5/O7/O4 ,n@ 4
up, then placed in a brown bag which was taped. When this trash
was put in the cold hallway, it had already been autoclaved.
IVINS tested Tween 80 or Tween 20 at one time. Tween is
an antifoam. If spores clumped, they tested the addition of Tween
during the challenge. He does not use Tween in his routine spore
production or challenges.
During fermentation, as a culture gets older, there can
be foaming on top. An electronic probe in the fermenter senses the
foaming and injects antifoam. IVINS is not sure if antifoam is
always used in fermentation. He thinks Sigma-Aldrich may be a
source for antifoam, but he does not purchase it and does not know
what kind would be used. ~
Before September 11, 2001,
researchers at USAMRIID did not scrutinize their coworkers. They
did not wonder if someone present in a hot suite was there for the
wrong reason.
IVINS took the interviewing agents past the autoclave
crash door for suite B3, showed how this suite connected to B4, and
showed the fermentation room. Two of the fermenters visible in the
room have been purchased in the last 3 years or so.
_ IVINS provided the following documents to the agents
during the interview:
USAMRIID Shipment Request form dated May 3, 2001 for the
shipment of Ames spores to|[:::::::]at BMI.
USAMRIID Shipment Request form dated June 15, 2001 for
the shipment of Ames spores to[:::::::]at BMI.
Page two of IVINS updated record of distribution of RMR
1029.
Emails between IVINS I
DRES! regarding the shipment of Ames to DRES with a
digital photograph of a vial of Ames with[:::::::]
handwriting on it.did work at
92 USAMRIID. was a firs -ra e e wor e in92 Iin the] Ilab H Ib6
b7C
Il
FD-302a Rev. 10-6-95!
>
279AWF222936USAMRIID
cmmwmmonpamer Bruce Edward Ivins ,on05/07/04 ,m@ 5
USAMRIID Shipment Request form dated August 21, 1998 for-
92the shipment of Ba strains to DRES.
Email from IVINS to[::::::;:::%;:::;%about shipments for
a congressional hearing in ove er 01.
Email fron1E::::::::::]about the Ames history.
USAMRIID Shipment Request dated October 8, 1992 for
shipment of Ames to Dugway.
E-mail dated March 19, 2004 forwarding e-mails dated
October 12, 2004 about shipments of Ames/from USAMRIID.
Email dated May 7, 2004 listing the shipments of Amesfrom Dugway to USAMRIID emai1 prepared for SSA
E-mails dated October 12, 2004 about distribution of Ames
from USAMRIID to other facilities.
E-mail dated November 6, 2001 about the original receipt
of Ames at Porton Down.
USAMRIID Shipment Request dated March 2; 200 '
h'pment of Ames from RMR 1029 from IVINS toE:jthe University of New Mexico.b6
b'!'C
r s - ALL FUPIULTIUII CUI~]TAIl-ED. J HE I5 TEIELAESIFIEII
" FD_302 Rev_10_6_95! DATE l2-I115-EUIJE? BY ECIIBEQ UIIT I5.£3'lT.'.T.r"l:~'»5,~"'L5lIT
-1-
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
Date of transcription O6[ O8[ZOO4
On 06/03/2004, SA accompan1ed BRHCE E. W;
IVINS of the Bacteriology Division, .S. Army Medical ResearghInstitute of Infectious Diseases USEMRIID!, Fort Detrick,
Maryland, into biological containment uite B3 in building 1425
of USAMRIID to retrieve twenty-five 5! spore samples of they
Ames strain of Bacillus anthracis. The.spore samples had
previously been secured in a firesafe with two locks and
evidence tape in the walk-in cold room of Suite B3 on
O4/O9/2004. The locks and evidence tape remained intact.
An inventory of the twentyfive 5! samples is as
follows: 92
Sample Description Approximate
Volume
1 Ames spores| I ___
2U I -- b2
3 Ames spores renografin purified[:::::::] b7F
7739C *
4 lspores from agarl I
5 Purified ames sporesl |
6Ames spores 2433 CDC 7738 ___7 : -
8 E _
9 Ames I ___
10 Ames? "
l1 Ames spores r____________q -___
12 ___| |
E I ._FTIQ. H em§s|
Iwsmwwon 06/O3/2004 M Fort Detrick, Maryland
He# 279A-WF-222936-§¬EMRIID¥¢§HE% mwmwmd O6/08/2004 g;by sA|m|92' el 3/
This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions of the FBI. It is the property of the FE] and is loaned to your agency;
it and its contents are not to be distributed outside your agency.
| _
9 I w1* I O
FD-302a Rev. 10-6-95! '
279AWF222936USAMRIID
ContinuationofFD-3020f BRUCE E. IVINS ,On 06/ 03 /2004 ,Page _2_
15 Undiluted purified sporesI
16 AmesI I Z
17 Ames ?
18 I i1 _iiI:::::]ATesI I20 _______lAFesI I _
22 Ames stockI I I _
23 Oct 97 GLP ames spores RMR 1029 "Left 200mL
11/19 crossed out!" 16OmL 4/21
Ames24 I I _
25 Ameg IL_____________I
While recordin the information for the inventory inthe table above, SAI Idisplaved sample #22 Ames stock[;;::]I I to IVINS and aske
what he could remember about that particular sample. IVINS
recalled that sam le #22 Ames stockI I
_ had originated from a box containing
Isamples. IVINS could not find the box
and said that the walkéin cold room had been recently cleaned
up.
The samples, which had previously been placed in
individual ziploc-type bags, were taken from the coldroom to
the airlock of Suite B3. The bags containing the samples were
wiped down with a bleach solution and placed in a container fortransport by SAH Iof the Washington FieldOffice and HMO Iof the Laboratory Division,
Hazardous Materials Response Unit, watching from the other side
of the Suite B3 airlock.b6
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R¢v,1 !.5.g5! DATE l3lIl92IIl|IEi B? EC!-32-Q1 UE EiMIF_.rF!5;L§:iC
_1_
FEDERALBUREAUCWWNVESHGATKDI
Date of transcription O 6 f O4 Z 2 O O4
On June 3, 2004, Special Agent SA!| I
of the Federal Bureau of Investigation FBI!, Washington Field
Office WFO!, received from92Dr;KBRU§ENI¥IN§L_Bacteriology
DiViSiIO1?,,_ UnitedtSta§e.§pA£I111L,_1YIe§_' Qal_;Br2§§aiig1?§§Znegi,ggtgMQfInfections DiS@e_§e*§f" 'U$5i4l{IiQ!l:%§§£E..P£t§§k/ Iviéfylaniil Twenty-five 5! samples, eeneainig Tree BaeiT1§ 5E?5EEI§ Ames
strain spores. These spores were secured from Biological Safety
Level BSL! 3 containment suite B-3 located in Building 1425 of
USAMRIID by SA Darin Steele.
An FD 597, Receipt for Property, form was executed and #9r-
placed in a 1A envelope and sent to file.
The samples were subsequently transported to the NAVY
MEDICAL RESEARCH CENTER NMRC!, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver -
Spring, Mar land via WFO helicopter, and turned'over to the
custody of . An FD 597, Receipt for Property, form
was executed and pl ced in a 1A envelope and sent to file. A
copy of the EA 101, Report of Transfer of Select Biological
Agents form was provided to[:::::::]and a copy of the EA 101
was placed in a 1A envelope and sent to file.
Investigation on 06/03/2004 at Fort Detrick, Maryland
/ 516/ ya
Date dictated File # 2 7
SA
by SA
This document contains neither recommendations nor conciusions of the FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned to your agency;
it and its contents are not to be distributed outside your agency.b6
b"/C
I06
b7C
YD 302 Rev 10_6_95! IIIATE l2~l3 -- DUE- BY f:'~I3324 UC E.§U3I,.*P.S,.>'L§:iCALL II-IFEP} HIIIIN EIIII-ITAII~TED HEREII-I II. LASSIFIED
_ 1 _
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
Date of transcription O6/29 /2004
On June 29, 2004, BRUCE E. IVINS, date of birth
O4/22/1946, social security account number 28O445449, was
interviewed at his place of employment, the United States Army
Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases USAMRIID! I bt
Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, telephonei I _
Super i or S ecial Agent SSA!| |and Special Agent SA!Ef:f::f::?::::::] IVINS provided the following information:
SSA|:| advised IVINS that the FBI was tracking the
history, to include genealogy and usage, of Bacillus anthracis B.a.!
isolates submitted to the FBI Repository. SSA[::::::]requested access
to laboratory notebooks assigned to IVINS in order to begin this
process which would include notebooks kept by other researchers as
well. The Judge Advocate General's JAG! prior request regarding the
removal of ori inal notebooks from USAMRIID's premises was acknowledgedby SSA[::::::: and it was explained that a review of the notebooks
could occur with minimal impact to ongoing research.
IVINS provided the interviewing Agents with a three page
document which contained a list of all of the notebooks assigned to him
during his tenure at USAMRIID. Fiftyone 1! notebooks were identified
by both the USAMRIID notebook number and a number assigned to each by
IVINS. Some of IVINS notebooks were submitted to the USAMRIID library
for archival. The library did not store the notebooks on a permanent
basis, thus some of IVINS notebooks had been previously destroyed. A
review of library records would indicate which were destroyed and which
were maintained in the library archive. IVINS was aware that at least
five of his notebooks had been destroyed, and those notebook numbers
were marked out on the list he provided to the interviewing Agents.
IVINS indicated that notebooks 1 and 2 were submitted to the library,
and he was not sure if they were still in existence. Notebook 3 was the
oldest notebook maintained in IVINS office.
All of the notebooks maintained by IVINS were located in his
office, with the exce tion of fifteen l5! notebooks which were in thepossession of SSA[:::E:::] Notations on IVINS inventory identified the
notebooks previously given to the FBI. SSA[:::::::]requested that the
remainder of IVINS notebooks referencing Ames research be pulled fromthe collection and set aside for review by SA[:::;;]onsite at
USAMRIID at a later date. IVINS believed there to e at least fifteen
additional notebooks in his collection which documented Amesrelated
Investigation on O6/29/2 O04 at Frederick, MD
F116 # 2 7 _ 2 2 2 9 3 6 _ Date dictated
by S
T1118 document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions of the FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned to your agency,.6e/ 33by hm
b5
SSA LTC
. S
O GFI!ri302a Rev. 10-6-95!
279A-WF-'22293 6'"USAI/IRIID
Continuation ofFD-302 of Bruce IViI1S , On O 6 / 2 9 / Z Q 0 4 , Page -2.-
research. He agreed to review the notebooks, beginning with the most
recent, and to identify those containing references to Ames even if
Ames was only used as a control and was not the focus of the research
IVINS designated a shelf in ' 'ce where the notebooks would beplaced and indicated that SATif:fffTwas free to return at an time toreview the notebooks. An agreement was reached that SA[:::::f]could
enter IVINS' office at any time, remove notebooks from the designated
shelf, leave a note indicating which notebooks she was reviewing, and
then take the notebooks to the USAMRIID library to review and photocopy
pertinent information. IVINS agreed to notify his two coworkers with
whom he shares the office of this agreement with the FBI.I
IVINS kept only those notebooks assigned to him. Other
investigators in the Bacteriology Division were responsible for the
notebooks assigned to them. The list of IVINS' assigned notebooks is
maintained in a 1A envelop FD34O!.b6
137$
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up 15 UMELAESIFIED
FD802 Rmn10685! DATE 12-no-zoos Br 50224 UE BAHfR3fL5C
92 -1-
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
Date of transcription O 8 [ O2 [ 2 O O4
On 07/23/2004, during a consent to search of the
ARMY M 7_I_Q,AL REASEARQH ,,I,N_S_'IlITUTE OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES,U kgg!, Fort Detrick, Maryland, Special Agent SA!i I b5[f:?%%§l cated, in Buildin 1425, Suite B4, Room[::::] a gigcardboard box labeled as [%::::::], which contained many glass 'and plastic tubes. %%%j
BRUCE E. VINS indicated, to the best of his
recollec it on, this s the same box from which he had retrieved
two ! Ames samples during an inventory with SA[::::::]in
December of 2003.
V
I | 1:6' 1176
mwwwmnm 07/23/2004 at Fort Detrick, Maryland
File# 279AWF222936 oatedmted 08/02/2004
1 ' 35/ 3% 2
This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions of the FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned to your agency:
it and its contents are not to be distributed outside your agency.
M4. ALLE¬P'l*[3L ['I[]l!~T :um":>.I1~1r1;~-P " up 5 UMELASEIFIED
FD5°2G 1°95! DATE 12-u9~20us it 50324 UE Bnwrssxzsc
_ 1 -
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
Date of transcription O 8 1 2 O Z 2 O O 4
On August 4, 2004, BRUCE§IVINS of the United States Army
Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases USAMRIID!, Fort
Detrick, Mar land tele honically contacted Supervisory Special
Agent SSA |of the Federal Bureau of Investigation
FBI!. IVINS reported that| | also of USAMRIID, had
provided him with a scientific article abstract about Bacillus
spore suspensions in which the addition of silica to the spore coat
was discussed. IVINS offered to send the article abstract via
facsimile to SSA[::::::]and subsequently sent the abstract to the
FBI offsite in Frederick, Maryland. The cover sheet and article
abstract are maintained in the 1A section of the file.
I
i
mwngmmim O8/O4/2004_ at Olean, New York telephonically!
L /,£?7 31$
by I
This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions of the FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned to your agency;
it and its contents are not to be distributed outside your agency.'l':9292...92ivi'rts,Z» , cpl
L________----__-_____---------------b5
b7
File # 27 9A-WF-222 93 6 Date dictated N/A
1 L .
g urnnnirtnn cnntilnrnii ~ . 11 I3 r,m|:L.t5sIF1En
FD-302 Rev. 10-6-95! DATE l'¢'.lIlE.£ElEld BY GU33-51 LTEI B.i&U,.- Hi- LEE
_ 1 -
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
Date of transcription 0812:-KZZOO4
On Saturday, August 21, 2004, of the United
States Army Medical Research Institute of Infe ious Diseases
USAMRIID!, Fort Detrick, Maryland tele honically contactedSupervisory Special Agent SSA![::f:::::E::::]<of the Federal b6
Bureau of Investigation FBI!. IVINS advised that the Los Angeles byg
Times had run an article the previous day which IVINS believed
disclosed information that was confidential FBI information. IVINS
claimed the article detailed the results of environmental swabbing
conducted within USAMRIID in approximately early 2002 and that the
swabbing and identification of pathogens was done for the FBI.
IVINS claimed that it was upsetting to see that kind of information
being made public. He offered to send the article via facsimile
fax! to SSAE::::::]and subsequently faxed it to the Frederick,
Maryland offsite office of the FBI. IVINS rovided his hometelephone number, [::::::::::::] to SSA[;:::¬::]for recontact.regarding the article. The faxed artic e from the Los Angeles
Times and cover sheet are maintained in the 1A section of the file.
n
mwngmmim O8/21/2004 m Washington, DC telephonically!
zféi/.3? .,mn# 279AWF~2229365BSMRTTB4%;§§ Dmemwmd N/A gé
by ssA| | I
This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions of the FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned to your agency;
it and its contents are not to be distributed outside your agency
_ be»d ,, Q |:| t
;D@02@@_,m6@5! iii IHFUP TIDE CONTAINED
M J ~ u HBEIH Ii UHELASSIFIED
DATE is-as-some er 53324 uu BAMfR5fLSC
-1_
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
Date of transcription 9 Z 13 Z 2 O O 4
On Se tember 1O, _O04, BRHCEn£h~i¥l§S, date of birth P @' ""'§?A4122/il2.4§i.isssi=.a urisrnw-1msmw£m 4" . ~ J3.-C
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emsL<;1inen1=i_,.,1;hel111i,..nQ States Arm Medi¢a s@#£m W1
Infe c_t.iQiiS ' cnisea s§e.sZ__$.§[S_AlY_Il_1l;l.D!,_,_ ,;Fp_;;c:ge_g;_,g,g1_<l Malr, hsns,[::::::::::::]contacted telephonically. '
IVINS advised that he had drawn a "tree" illustrating the
source of the seed stock for his Bacillus anthracis B.a.! Ames
spore production and that he would like to send the document to SAE::;:::]via fax. SA1iUUUUUUjprovided IVINS with the fax machine
num er at the NVRA and received the fax at approximately ll 15am.
Attached hereto and considered part of this document is the above
mentioned fax.U
mwmgmmrm O9/10/2004 43: Falls Church, Virginia telephonically!
5¬/ <38
1=i1¢# 279AWF222936 Date dictated N/A M
by SA I I
This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions of the FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned to your agency;
it and its contents are not to be distributed outside your agency.,b7Cl
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FD'3D2 ReV-10-6'95! HERE I151 I: TJ]1I;LA?iSIFIED
DATE 12-Q9-EIICIS BY E0324 UC E.MI.r*R5,~"L§:1C
_ 1 _
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
Date of u-anscption O91 13 [ 2 O O4
on September 13, 2004, §RUQElE<wl¥lE§1l§eLelQ§;Q;¥£Q_
O4/22f134§¢tsocial securit accou number 28O445449, place of
emplozmen;¢;he_Dnited States Army edigal Research Institute of- -, - - I. _ _ _ _ _ 1 4,,__,_ . .4-,_._,_ _ _,,,,_ ____;__=.=,._,___c,..i_,._t-. .,l,,,,;_,__,._, hes..B2=.§.ea§s§m 1151*-M3~llDi J_<::.1E.;r§?-IF-t.,~ ,,i2¥g1.§}. 1f1r<L,,,m_t,¢,lEe§,l2i9,,11§L_=_ lb 7 Ccontacted SA telepho cally. ' "" '
IVINS clarified a statement that he made durin a09/08/2004 interview with SA and SA
Although he had never transporte the flask containing Bacillus
anthracis B.a.! Ames spores sample RMR 1029 from Building 1425
to Building 1412, he did transport undiluted ali ots from RMR
1 2 ' ing 1412 multiple times for| Iand once forI i writer believes this person to be| |IVINS prOVl ed Iof RMR 1029 to and
~brought the aliquot to Room| |in Building 1412.
o.b6
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19"/F136
imemmmon O9/13/2004_ m Falls Church, Virginia telephonically!565/ '
File # 279AWF22293 6- - Date dictated N/A lg;-Ct
by sA| | t
This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions of the FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned to your agency;
it and its contents are not to be distributed outside your agency. U
~~ Q Q
FD3°2 R E1 6@5! ALL Inrnnnirrum EUHTAIHED
nnrrn IS UHCLASSIFTED
1 DATE 12-me-zone Br @0324 U: Biwraertsc
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
Date of transcription O 9 [2 9 Z 2 O Q 4
On September 20, 2004 B3UQEME*$lMlN$umda;gwgfmggQQ@
O4[22/13&@:sQgialwg;gg;it acco n number 28O445449, was ' - t -r.ene:mr:!<l:a __ X4
interviewed at his alasremeeiaempés , i §.,.@.§liemElai-§s~¢lw§aEser;i¢MeesmAIr.P.x W
Med.ip_aliResearr111s,ln.s.t;itute Q.i;,I.1.1,f,e cri9,u§,_,,_12_i§.e,§_1,§,§§ KUSAIVIRI I12 lgggm
.EQ.n.t..§.L...§..t..rs.@,%s/.lFiQ,¥.@§..1;;9l».9rL<w=al£@L$lJ..-tens eieeirnlzlel I
After being advised of the identity o the agent and the purpose of
the interview, IVINS provided the following information;
IVINS' laboratory group has been producing one trillion
Bacillus anthracis B.a.! Ames spores per week using the Leighton
and Doi protocol. They have not used fermentation in the
production of these spores.
IVINS explained that around the late 1980s or early
1990s, spores began being stored in water and 1% phenol in the
refrigerator, and being shipped refrigerated. Prior to then,
spores were stored and shipped frozen.
Vegetative cells are not usually stored because they can
be grown at any time, however when they are stored, they are frozen
with a cryopreservative such as glycerol. Vegetative cells are
shipped in this same manner.
4
Investigation on O 9/2 O/2 O O4_ at FOIC D¬tIiCk , Maryland
/.55/* §/0nus 279A-WF222936>HSMRTTB-4%%§ mmdmmmd N/A b7c
by sA| I
This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions of the FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned to your agency;
it and its contents are not to be distributed outside your agency. _
bé
C f J9.FD_302 Rcv_10_6_95! i ALL 11-:r:m'_"1:|1-1 EEII-ITAIZJEII
HPEIN :5 UNCLASSIFIED
DATE 12-ma-201$ BY @0224 U: nnnrnsxnsc
:1_"
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
Date of transcription O 9 / 3 O /2 O O 4
Upon review of BRUCE IVINS' home telephone records and creditcard rchases for 2001, it was noted that The CoI§%g§_Board in E@g¬FbNew Jesey QNJQ was called from his home telephone, nd that IVINS lso
had a c dit card charge to The College Board for October SAT
registration.
15On July 30, 2004, SA[::::::] called The College Board, gvc
E AtelephgQ;?:QQ;lll;lQQQ_to obtain return address information formailin s s t out by The College Board. S E:::%;:]was connected to[:;::g:%::::::] extension[::::] and after being a vised of the identityo t e agent and the purpose of the interview,[::::::::]provided the
following_information:
The registration ticket for the October SATs currently comes
in a white envelope wi rn address listed as PO Box 6200,Princeton, NJ 08541. E:f?fg;ffTadvised that the registration ticke
likely had the same return a ress during 2001.
2
hwm@mbnm 07/30/2004 M Falls Church, Virginia telephonically!
1=n¢# 279AWF222936 Date dictated N/A T1,
Ag/_ 44/ °'~
by SAI I
This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions of the FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned to your agency;
.?1~~§__Iv-
279AWF222936ALL QIJPMTI E1151 |3|I|}]T3LII11'E[1
HEREIN I5 UNCLASSIFIED
DATE l2~U'.'4-'2Ul3E? BY 583324 LT Ii?.@1_T.I.T_»"£1'~5A.-*L2':?ll7
b6
A b7C
I
The followin investigation was conducted by SpecialAgentEIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIOH 1°/12/2°°4=
Access was granted to the United States Army MilitaryInstitute of Injec 'ous Diseases USAMRIID! personnel files of L
UCI The following information was
obtained during a review of these files:
I [IIIIII]earned al
from the University ofIofI Idegree in
in Inearned aIJ Idegr
since.
IVINS attended a confere
"Lyophilization: A Short Course."earned his from '
egan wor ing at USAMRIID in and has worke thereee inI from
located in
ever
nce in 1996 titled
banks at 'ng toI Idirect deposit form, he
account numberI I
I Idirect deposit form indicates that he banks at
account numberI I
I Idirect deposit form indicates thathe barksatI
I Iaccount numberI I
I Idirect deposit form indicates that she banks at
lI Iaccount numberI I
/U/2 2;1;14;¢»~5£/ - $551F
6
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Ar L. J ALL IN M Ii-i£"I|§I~i I§TI§II~] 1 AI11] iiIIiI= - 92 Q I Ir{EFEIIi T.TilIIILE-LSSIFIEIII
P, JED-302 Rev.i10-6-95! , DATE l2~U'.3'-'2l3EE? BY EEIIEIEHL TIE B§LI~I,>"R3_.-"LSlI.3~
v
_1_
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
Date of transcription 12 Z 15 Z2 O Q4
BRUCE E. IVINS, wh'te male, date of birth 04/22/1946,
social security number 280-44 5449 622 Military Road, Frederick,
Maryland 21702, telephone numb [ was interviewed at
his place of business, The Unite States Army Medical Research be
' Institute of Infectious Diseases USAMRIID!, Fort Detrick, b7@
Maryland, telephone number [::::::::::::::] After being advised the
identity of the interviewing agents and the nature of the
interview, he provided the following information:
In late 1999, IVINS was aske by his commanding officerto participate on a team to assist Bioggrt with potency testing for
the anthrax vaccine. This was an order that came from the General.
IVINS could not recall who the commandin officers were at thetime. The command was in contact with[j%::::::]from Bioport who
elicited the support of USAMRIID because they were having problems
with the potency of the anthrax vaccine. The acceptable potency
level was not acceptable for The Food and Drug Administration FDA!
to approve the vaccine for distribution{sale. The team,was
comprised of; IVINSJ IfromUSAMRIID.| F/was also a part of t1Tis team. I | -
was working for at the
' since left| |and now works at
Others may ave been involved, however IVINS
could not recall. _
Initially,[:::::::::::]IVINS met with representatives
from Bioport on several occasions They met in Colu us Ohio andin Crystal City, Virginia. IVINS recalled thatl i SP!from Bioport attended these meetings. | |and IVINS a so
traveled to Bioport's headquarters in Lansing, Michigan.
In the late 1990's, Bioport ran out of Vollum 1B s oresand[:::::]:requested spores from IVINS. IVINS suppliedi:::::iwithspores prepared in Leighton-Doi. [:::::]then telephone IVINS
stating that allytheir guinea pigs had died during the intradermal
challenge, and suspected that the reason was because the spores he
had sent Bioport were "too hot", meaning too virulent. IVINS then
sent Bioport more spore preparations grown in blood agar. Bioport
encountered the same results and stated that the second spore
preparations were also "too hot". IVINS recalled sending Bioport
preparations a third time, however could not recall the media used
Investigation on 12 / O3 /2 O O4 at Frederick, MD
File# 27ETAeWF-222936- g,_1;/ -1/3 Date dictated N/A EEC SA I I
by USPISI |
This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions of the FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned to your agency;
it and its contents are not to be distributed outside your agency.
_ l92192t~l§.9292JPl
i,_ J, _
FD 302a Rev. 10-6-95! . I
279AWF222936POI
Cmmwmmp®6M0f Bruce Ivins ,onl2/03/2004 ,m¢ 2
and the third challen e n tted the same results. On one occasion, amIVINS consulted WitkLE%::i%;g:::::] but could not recall the time '
frame or the details of the conversation. IVINS thought that[::::::]ndght have some insight regarding "hot" spores and the
situation they were faced with at Bioport. It was later determined
that the guinea pigs were the cause of the failed challenges.
IVINS could not recall the defect in the animals, but stated that
Bioport bred their own guinea pigs. -
After determining that the guinea pigs were the problem,
Bioport still encountered problems with their potency testing.
Fifty percent 0%! of the Guinea pigs were dying upon beingchallenged. [:::::;:::::]from Bioport formulated a greater response
math formula utilizing four ! different dilutions and looking for
a mathematical response relating to survival. IVINS described that
the doctors at Bioport felt that a fifty percent 0%! survival
rate was acceptable. This caused a disagreement between IVINS and
the doctors at Bioport. IVINS did not agree that a fifty percent
0%! survival rate was acceptable for human beings. IVINS further
explained that E::::::]formulated a mathematical formula which
consisted of "playing with the numbers until the numbers reflected
a survival rate acceptable to the FDA for approval of thevaccine.
IVINS did not fight this issue any further because it was out of
his control and area of responsibilities while assisting Bioport.
IVINS group worked on this project until October 16, 2001 with no
resolution. [::::::::khanged the math, in which the potency of the
vaccine reflected the acceptance for FDA approval.
IVINS further added that ha heard| | had been|:|
I I prior to working atBioport. He did not hear an reasons for this] | Also
involved in this project was from Bioport. [:::::]still telephones ' 'IVINS and rom time to time with
questions. IVINS could not recall the questions, they werelaboratory related, however he does not pay much attention to[::::]
'IVINS described the doctors at Bioport as incompetent.
He described the other individuals working at Bioport as "people
with very poor laboratory practices".' "Individuals with no science
background, and essentially assembly line technicians hired to put
out a product".
IVINS gave an example of poor quality control at Bioport
which included an instance during an FDA inspection. A fan was
found to have been replaced backwards after a routine preventive
I
1i nu-30211 Rev. 10-6-95! .
279AWF222 935POI
Continuation ofFD-302 of Bruce IV'i1iS , On 12 / O 3 /2 O O4 , Page 3
maintenance. The contaminated air from the laboratory was blowing
back into the building rather than being pulled into a filter. As
a result, FDA shut the bottling area of Bioport down. -
While at Bioport, IVINS worked with Vollum 1B spores.
When he needed additional spores for his research, a Bioport
employee would place a container of spores outside his laboratory
and knock on the door. IVINS would hear a knock on the door, open
the door and find the spores in a container on the floor. No one
would be in sight.
IVINS felt that[::::::%;:::]was the most competent
employee at Bioport. ' not mment as to why he felt this
wa , ut stated that worked for] |and her pesponsibilities 1ncluded| I
IVINS suggested and encouraged investigators to s eakwith[::%;:;;:::]to confirm the information provided as[::j%::]
witnesse t e same. '
IVINS conducted a quick search of his email account at
USAMRIID and printed out any emails relating to Bioport. Enclosed
are copies of these emails. The original copies were placed into
a lA envelope. 4
1_be
b7"C
'9 M =Q rim QOPJ{ATIE1!~I EUI~]'IAII~1'EL~FD302 RmL1U6@5! npr_~ Is UNCLASSIFIED
DATE 12-09-zone BY 50324 EC BAHHRSKLSC
FEDERAL BUREAU 0F INVESTIGATION
Date of transcription O l / 2 5 / 2 O O 5
The following investigation was ondugted_Qn_JanuTryby ssA| I sA| | sATj SA| |sA| land SA o t e IQ?AMERITHRAX Task Force and sA| |sA| k b"?E:::::::::::::::]and| Ifrom Washington Field Office WFO
CART:
A consensual search was conducted on Januar 13, 2005 of theoffice S aces utilized b BRUCE IVINS g mi P Y I an
E:::::]for computer workstations, any storage media, and any location
at the place of their employment where these items may have been
stored. IVINS,| Iare employed at the United States
Army Medical Institute of Infectious Diseases USAMRIID!, Fort Detrick,
Frederick, Maryland. The office space utilized by the noted x
individuals are all located within Building 1425 at USAMRIID.
It was agreed by the consenting individuals that all original
floppy disks and other non~imaged media would be returned to the owners
as soon as imaging can be completed by WFO CART.
A copy of the FD26 Consent to Search forms, FD597s signed
byl I IVINS, and| | and photographic images of materialimaged from| |office space will be maintained in the 1A section
of the file.
hwmymnm 01/13/2005 m Frederick, Maryland
m# 279A-WF-222936-P6i == f§%§7 lwdkmmi N/A
by S ,@C/ §[§z b6
b7C
This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions of the FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned to your agency;
I - 13 ALL II-IFDPIYIATIUIJ CEII-TIT-.IIli'E[>0 I-IEPEIIII I3 UIICLAHQITIED EYCEPT - P at-t . .92
FD-301 Rev- 10-6-95! irnrmz r.-znnmr IIJ'1HEB.T.-II
IJELTE: l2lJE'~ZlIIIII¢3
'1' CLASSIFIED B? 60324 UC EATI.T; F1S_.*LSC
REASON: l.-1L IiiFEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION DECLMHIFY UN: l2_Ug_E33
On January 13, 2005, BRUCE EDW_ D IVINS, white male, born
April 22, 1946 with social security accou t number 28O445449, was
interviewed at his place of employment, t e United States Army
Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases USAMRIID bySu ervisory Special Agent SSA! S[:fi:]vms present for portions of the interview. IVINS, who was
already familiar with the identities of the interviewing agents,
provided the following information:92 Date of transcription O 1 Z 2 Q Z 2 O O 5
In regard to Bacillus a thracis Ba! Ames strain_samples
IVINS has maintained over the year _lVINS has provided all of his
samples, or*subsamples*ofaIIof h s sam les to the Federal Bureau
of Investigation FBI!. When SA went through IVINS
inventory of sam les inside containment Suite B3 of building 1412,USAMRIID,[::::::ftook all remaining Ames samples and locked them in
a lockbox inside B3. To clarify issues about the origin of several
sam les of Ames, IVINS referred to a letter he had prepared for SAE;:i%::::::::::] on September 4, 2003 after researching hisocumentation. He provided a copy of this letter to SSA.[:::::::]
during this interview.
Only one subculture of Ames was prepared in 1985, and
IVINS did not prepare the sample himself. The origin of the July
30, 1985 subculture was the original 1981 Ames slant, but IVINS is
unsure of the handling of it in terms of whether or not the Ames
was passaged between the 1981 and 1985 samples. He does not know
of any other information which would clarify that issue and cannot
say for certain that the one 1985 sample came directly from the
1981 slant. He also does not know if the 1985 sample is vegetative
cells or spores. Back during that timeframe, they grew Ames in
broth, added glycerol, and froze the samples. The 1985 sample is
not labeled with the date to IVINS recollection. IVINS suggested
that] |be interviewed about the 1985
sample because he believes they were the researchers who prepared
it. After some period of time, IVINS was unsure of the date, IVINS
never went back to the 1985 sample to make new Ames preparations.
In 1987, IVINS,] Iprepared two sets of
Ba samples. Both the Ames strain and Vollum 1B strain were each
prepared in two ways: LeightonDoi broth and sheep's blood agar.
When IVINS prepared the 1987 Ames samples with the two types of
Iwwmwwon 1/13/2005 at_Fort Detrick, Maryland
/.6éT/ ~ 6/5'
File# 279A-WF222936 naiedmaied N/Ab6
b7C
Cl
b-6
b"/C
by SSA I
This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusigs of the FB1;ll is the properly of the FBI and is loaned to your agency;
it and its contents are not to be distributed outside your agency.
r 9 lW4§/051¢;
FD-302a Rev. 10-6-95! l B I
279AeWF222936USAMRIID
Contmuatlon 0fFD-302 of BI"LlC¬ Edward IViI1S , On 1 / 1 3 / 2 0 O 5 , Page 2
growth media, he went back to the original 1981 slant of Ames to
pre are them. These samples were made in June 1987. The Ames madebyfp |in 1987 was produced in May 1987, and the
paper documentation IVINS has on this sample is in their
handwriting. IVINS is not absolutely certain that the FBI has the
1987 samples of Ames made by| | The samples were
at one time stored frozen in t e c est reezer in B3. If the
samples were present when SA[::::::]inventoried IVINS' Ames
meaning all of the Ames in Suite B3!, then the samples should be
in the lockbox, and in the FBI's possession. '
The 1989 subculture is the one IVINS made himself from
the 1981 original slant.
IVINS does not recall how the 1985 and 1987 samples are
labeled. He does not believe they are labeled with the dates of
production. IVINS just routinely identified the samples by their
location in his laboratory.
Regarding samples transferred between USAMRIID and Dugway
Proving Grounds, IVINS' shipment request form for the October 1992
Ames shipment to Dugway showed a concentration of 8 X 108 spores
per milliliter ml!. This concentration matches that shown on a
folded page stapled onto page 56 of laboratory notebook #2064. The
entry on the folded page which shows 8.3 X 10 spores per ml is
listed as a LeightonDoi preparation of Ames from May 1987. That
sam l s th d b I I p e wa e one prepare y not by IVINS.
Therefore, IVINS believes the sam le of Ames he sent to Dugway in1992 was the May 1987 preparation.
The 1997 shipment of Ames to Dugway was spores from RMR
1030 to be used to produce the spores for RMR 1029. After looking
in his laboratory notebook, #4010, IVINS provided the concentration
of RMR 1030 as 2.5-2.9 X 10w spores per ml. It was a liquid
preparation. On page 86 of IVINS' laboratory notebook #3655, #19
in his numbering system! he estimated RMR 1030 at 1.5 X 10 spores
per ml. IVINS suggested that this estimate be compared with his
shipping request form for the 1997 Dugway shipment of Ames. If the
concentration on the form is from 1-3 X 10 spores per ml, and if
the forms shows that the sample was in a liquid state, IVINS would
be certain that the 1997 shipment was RMR 1030. He could not
locate this form in his office during the interview.
IVINS' record of the dissemination of Reference Material
Receipt RMR! 1029, the Ames spores which were a combination of
"~3$%EL1:6
b7C
O O
FD-302a Rev. 10-6-95!
2"/9AWF222936USAMRIID
cmmmmmonwamof Bruce Edward Ivins ,Onl/13/2005 ,m@ 3
Dugwayproduced spores and spores made by IVINS, was kept only for
the purpose of allowing the researchers to estimate how much of the
material was left so they would not run out of spores for aerosol
challenges. The record was not kept as any kind of precise
inventory for security reasons. The amounts of remaining material
were only estimates and were not accurately measured for each
entry. .
The entry on IVINS'[:::::::]record for Protocol B97-O5,dated March 23, 1999, documents the first time that.E:::::::]was
ever taken to USAMRIID building 1412. The study was not an aerosol
challenge, but was an injection challenge on guinea pigs. Only
approximately one ! ml was taken to 1412 at that time. IVINS
thinks the rooms used in 1412 for the in ection study were|[::]and[:::] The entr on the record for[:::::iE] , y dated September 17 1998
was for a characterization and outgrowth study comparing spores
which were germinating with vegetative spores.
The first aerosol challenge which utilized[::::::::]was
conducted on April 3, 2000 and was the first part of Protocol BOO-
O3. '
IVINS mentioned the recent issue discussed with SA[:::::]
regarding the concentration of RMR 1029 when it was returned to
IVINS from the FBI. IVINS had gone back through his documentation
after talking with SA[::::::]and had listed the concentrations of
RMR 1029 at various points in time since its creation. The
concentration over time ranged from 3.1-5.2 X 10 spores per ml.
When the sample was returned to IVINS from the FBI, he found the
concentration to be 2.4 x 10m spores per ml.
For the concentrations determined by IVINS, he swirled
the flask of RMR 1029 to mix the spore preparation, removed a
subsample and prepared dilutions, then plated the 10 dilution. He
then counted the colonies which grew from this dilution.
The decreased spore concentration of RMR 1029 after its
return to IVINS was not a major problem. They readjusted the
sample by addin more s ores to it so there was enough Amesmaterial for[:ii::::::ii:]vaccine challenge.
IVINS found it interesting or ironic that[::::::::::]
had an Ames sample labeled[::::] The spores were actually made in
1993.
§E¬»RELb2
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|-
,,,_3,,a,Re,_ ,,,_,_95! . /?%'92 Q
279AWF222936USAMRIID
cmmmmmonmamor Bruce Edward Ivins ,On1/13/2005 ,m@ 4
IVINS is not certain that the FBI has a copy of his
culture notebook. This notebook is maintained inside Suite B3, and
USAMRIID policy does not allow the researchers to remove paper
records from the containment suites. The culture record is only
about one to three pages in length. IVINS agreed to enter the
suite, hold the open noteobok up to the window, and let the FBI
. photograph each page.
l |and IVINS were at a recent|
described to IVINS his experience with the FBI in relation
to the ongoin investigation of the 2001 anthrax~laced lettermailings. [::%::::]told IVINS that he was firmly interrogated at
the United States Attorney's Office and that the whole experience
was just awful.
When IVINS was in house, he n0ticed had
a lar e safe in which he kept ammunition and weapons. T oug[:::::§:]really likes "all that stuff", he is really a nice guy.
a previous in ' The book on eugenics which was referenced in ew
of IVINS was just one of the books IVINS noticed in
residence.
There were-some samples made by IVINS group using a
1950's protocol. Nutrient agar which was missing the salts was
used, and the samples were allowed to "just sit and sit and sit".
IVINS believes these samples were only Vollum 1B and not Ames.
IVINS verified that the Bioport vaccine challenge using
RMR 1029 was conducted with rabbits at USAMRIID for Bioport. IVINS
did not send Ames to Bioport. _
When IVINS was at Battelle Memorial Institute, some of
the Battelle employees talked about work PERRY MIKESELL did with
Ames in the early 1990's. IVINS thought it very strange because
IVINS never sent Ames to Battelle. He since wondered if MIKESELL
might have sent it to himself or taken it with him when he left
USAMRIID.
NOTE: IVINS was interviewed in his office while waiting
for FBI Computer Analysis Response Team CART! personnel to mirror
the hard drive on his desktop computer under a consent search form
I wsbl
b7C
b6
b'7C
" " 5 I Q
FD-302a Rev. 10-6-95!
2'79AWF222936-USAMRIID
cmmmmmonmamor Bruce Edward Ivins ,0n1/13/2005 ,m@ 5
signed by IVINS. During the waiting period he accessed his
computer on several occasions to look up items unrelated to anthrax
work. He had previously, before the interview, searched his
archived e-mail for the term "Ames" to determine how many items
referencing Ames were in that archive. The number was apparently
in excess of 500. IVINS was advised not to delete or alter any
files until the FBI work was completed. He was not left alone in
his office between the time he was asked for consent and the time
the mirror image was made. IVINS did_not know whether his e-mail
archive, which goes back many years, is maintained on his harddrive or on the USAMRIID server. He advised SSAl:::::::1that his
e-mail archive was readily available to the FBI or copying, even
if it was located on the server. During the course of the
interview, IVINS searched his office for all diskettes, CDs, or
other electronic storage media which might be related to the Ames
strain in any way.
%bi. so
13711
II
Is ' ' - J-t» W, __ g 0
FD 302 Rev. 10 6 95! '
_1_
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
~ Date of transcription O 1 Z 2 6 Z 2 Q O 5
I
i On January 26, 2005, circa 12:39 P.M Postal Inspector
[::::::::::::::]and Special Agent SA![:::::::::]of the Federal
Bureau of Investigation met ith BRUCE E. IMINS, as prearranged,at his place of emplovment, ghitedlStatesnArmy Medical ResearchInstitute_Qi_ln£ectious-Diseases;+USAMRI{D!, Bacteriology Division,work.address4r1425_Eorter_StreeL tEort Detrick¢lMary1and;_b6
b7
IVINS provided the FBI with one ! Iomega@ 100 MB Zip
Disk, titled "spore talk Dec O4." The above captioned 100 MB Zip
Disk is to be entered as 1B evidence.
IVINS signed a FD597 and was provided a copy of the
same. The original FD597 is maintained in the FD34O attached to
this communication.
Investigation on O 1/2 5 /2 O 0 5 at FI'¬d¬IiCI<L , Maryland gijiw,6e'/ ~ . IFile # 2 7 9A~WF222 93 6 6/Q I Date dictated N/A
Postal Inspector
by sA| |
This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions of the FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned to your agency;
it and its contents are not to be distributed outside your agency.F
92/
AL L II-IFDEFATI CII-I C DI-ITILIIIIED*1" 0 2: : -1_ e I-IEFIEIIC 'cLias1FIEr>
DATE 12- some BY 50224 UC Bimrnsrrsc
FD-302 Rev. 10-6-95!
_ 1 _
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
. Date oftranscription O2/O2/2005
Special A ent Forensic Examiner SAFE![:::::::::::::]andSpecial Agent SA![g | I |Computer Analysis ResponseTeam CART!, Washington Field Office WFO! articipated in a
l h h ' I I ' consensua searc at t e offices of and Bruce Ivins,
United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious
Diseases USAMRIID!, 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Maryland.
CART was tasked with the imaging of computers and digital storage
media found at the above offices relevant to the below listed
investigation. As such, the following describes work performed by
CART :
One Apple computerk] I
One Apple laptop computerLI I
Also, numerous types of portable storage media was
provided to CART for imaging: 3.5" flo disks, zip disks, 2 GBjaz disks, and CD-Rs. note: SA.E::::::¬¬f::]obtained the types of
media for seizure and imaging. Digital photos of portable media
were taken - see 1A.!
One Dell computerJ I
I The HDD containing the
image was labeled "Ivins_WS1_1".
mwwwmnw 01/13/2005 at Frederick, MD
C3 92Hb# 279 - - mmdmmw 02/02/2005bf
1;"/<
bt
b ,
SA b¬
by SA b7C
92/5?75"7This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions of the FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned to your agency;
it and its contents are not to be distributed outside your agency. I
1,vl.-<~ ~ 0 0
FD-3 02a Rev. 10-6-95! '
279AWF222936
ContinuationofFD-302 of USAMRI ID , On O 1/ 13 /2 Q Q 5 ,Page _.2_
One Dell computer] I
I The92 HDD containing the image was labeled "Ivins_LabB5_1".
Also, numerous types of portable storage media was
provided to CART for imaging: 3.5" floppy disks and zip disks.
note: SA[:::::::::::] obtained the types of media for seizure and
imaging. Digital photos of portable media were taken see 1A.!
All the above items were appropriately imaged, collected,
and/or provided to the SA [::::::] FBI, Amerithrax1, for transport
and inventory purposes to the FBI-WFO Evidence Control.
All digital forensic worksheets, notes, and CD containing
photos will be serialized and maintained within the above CART sub-
file.b
b
136
10713T
_'f
/92.'
4 I it -, - ~..¢
. .1 A" ' -.1; » ALL I1-izri'r1:ii-i EDI-ITAIIJED
FD6020kW:1m6@5! y HPEIN . nntrnssrrrrn
DATE 12-on-zoos BY 50224 IE Bimrnsrrsz
-1_
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
Date of transcription
[ ! 3 Z 2 Q Q5
On January 19, 2005 BRUCE . IVINS, researcher at the
United States Army Medical Research s 1 u e of Infectious
Diseases USAMRIID!, Fort Detrick Mar land sent a facsimile to
Supervisory Special Agent SSA! of the Federal
Bureau of Investigation. SSA received the facsimile on b6
Januar 2005. The f ' ' y 2&92s acsimi e pertained to Ames ore b7 re aration from USAMRIID about which SSAiE::::::j¤d_inquired in
an interview of IVINS on January 13, 2005. The facsimile received
from IVINS is aintained in the 1A section of the file, and a copy
is attached her to.
|W%Wmon O1/21/2003? m Frederick, Maryland5/ - g "beF|le# 279A-WF-22293s{ Date dictated N/A we
by ssA| |
This document contains nelther recommendations nor conclusions of the FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned to your agency;
it and its contents are not to be distributed outside your agency.
| |u92.4'§ 5:7 U-L Lav- .1-0 u-av 9*; ;_ .2: auu-4 -LKJO QU 92.1u.z.u.1..1Q-t.-'K-
' ~ -<< - ALL FaIiIFiIiPJ'Lii.tTIEiII :ri1=rTsI1rEn
rrsirerri is iIitT|Ti..@L'-i5iTFT?TJ,e_ _ _ A 3:09-2_i;ii:ia Ur: i2_=rtir1,.jiIi§.*-rL&=£
FAX Phone i92l,umQeL§; -
S"ii°°'""*@'¢°i: A U.S. Army Medical Research institute of Infectious Diseases *
I06
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. Fact t tile Transmitiai"i~ieader*$heet - H
T0; | I IFBI Washington Field Office | _~' _ 7 Office? Symbol Phoiae " '7 :_ it Point of Contact
Bacteriology Division _ _ _ x Bruce wins IUSAMHIID y lvlCMRUlB osiv_|:| |:|Fort Detrick - .
fredericlt, WMDi217025011__ L ' . Bacteriology Dlyision _
aI . 1 totalybATEI 19 JAN} i i_ Number of pages + this page; A y W-iii
, , .
FIEMAFIKB; _ I -
Re: Ames spore preparations from 1987
l sear reezer in the B3 hallway yesterday but didn't nd an Ames s ores f 0 7 prepared by|i I or June of 1987 repared by me!. l talked t bout the prepsand their whereabouts or disposition.| |said that l gave her in 1 spore preps from frozen stocks, and that hospreps have been given to the PB quite possible that what was given her was from 198/ but I don't have a record of it Ij
said that he thinks it is likely that the preps may have been either used or deconned
work.
Dugway Proving Ground received spores from us in 1992, which apparently came from 1987 spore stocks. They may bea source of the 1987 material, if they still have some of the original spores we sent them. lt should be pointed out that there was - and is -A5 suchi |:|$*°°k BUIYUFEB and stocl< cultures were not officially transferred to another investigator. Similarly,Perry Mikesell never officially transferred is s cc s.l'rn sorry that l couldn't be more helpful in physically locating all the samples you're interested in. but oerhaps|:||:|material or material at Dugway Proving Ground is what youre seeking. .
Sincerely, h
Bruce lvins ' '
Yfin message transmission.. . . . .. - _
i. |'t'D§"E'tltUElaving! in the f5|'lowing-years. ilgrom 1989 until 2002 m stock ture used for preparing further spore preps! was basically the1989 spores, which were made from the original An-res slant. aid that she didn't recall ever using the 1987 pneps in our -
no formal mechanism for culture or subculture or strain ck transfer when individuals left the division orstopped going into the hot suite.
l_Fiequest aclcnowlledoement oi receipt - Yes ___x_ Q 7 Ph0ne
H No
Ca" "Iii comm-miai|:| ii ou experience difficulty i
_ "ResearcIz for th_e%S0l'di_er'?' FH
._, ____..,______. -- ._.._i.... ......_......__-.....-,_,.i_ ,.i_,___.,....-,--....i_.._.__ . ..._.,_ ,._.__._.____....-.---I , V, .........,.....»....---- - .... .._.._i- - , .__----------~
0 ~ ' ianil-IFI3I'»!}D.TIIlI-I CEII-ITAIIIED
I III IS UIiiCL£&IFIE1f.1
FD-302 Rev. 10-6-95! DATE ].2lIl32UJEi BY I5D324 UC E£J|.T,-"R5.!LSC
"L"
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
Date of transcription O 2 f O 3 Z 2 O O 5
On 02/O2/2005, Special Agents[::::::::::::::]and[;;::::] b§m[:::::::] returned the following items to Dr. Bruce Iv t t b ins a e
United States Army Medical Research Institute for Infectious
Disease USAMRIID!:
Eleyen 3 Q" floppy disks I I
Eight Zip disks
Ivins accepted custody of these items and signed an FD597 Receipt
for Property Received/Returned/Released/Seized!. A copy of the FD-
597 was provided to Ivins and is attached to this FD-302. The
original FD597 is maintained in an FD340 in the 1A section of the
file.
mwwmmnm 02/02/2005 at Fort Detrick, Maryland
A§£7 ~ §!FM# 279AWF222936{ ?' Dmemwd O2/03/2005
SA b6
b7C
This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions of the FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned to your agency;
it and its contents are not to be distributed outside your agency.
FD597 Rev 8-11-94! _-,_. -92 i Page I of IJ .
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
Receipt for Property Received/Returned/Released/Seized
File # Z? cLA- _,92!¬- ZZZ/T3 Q ALL I1IFUP}LisJI IU]!T EE11T I AI1-] EIll1
HEEEEIIJ I5 UT-IELELSEIFIEIII
DATE 1.2-IJEI-ZEIJE? ET EEIIEZ-"-L TIE B_iLI:],"RiEL-"L3
/ ..On date! 1EE::@d Z § item s! listed below were:- i |:| Received From
g Returned To
[:1 Released To
C] Seized
Name! gruca fix/tr92SII
Street Address! @u'._92cp9292r92 3 2/5 ! L_!$ A F1
city! 3:@A+ B,e_3¢d¢-/ei ME
Description of Item s!: H Bigés
8 Z92P Bis/¢_§
92
92
92
92
92
92
92
92
92
92
92
92
9292
92929292
9292
Received By: W;/ 105% ?/Z,y¬/ Received From:
Signature!073
iimijm-mritin 1: |I|1]'EAII-EDHE - IS UNCLASSIFIEDFD3O2 R° 1°695! Dirt 12-00-2000 Br 60020 UE Biwsasszsc
-1- -
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
- Date of transcription O 2 / 1 6 / 2 O O 5
On February 2, 2005,_BRUCE EgWARD IVINS left a voicemail message for Supervisory Special A ent SSA!| I
of the Federal Bureau of Investigation as followup to a matter
discussed in an interview of IVINS on January 13, 2005. IVINS
provided the following information:
After reviewing the shipping form for the Bacillus
anthracis Ames strain samples he sent to Dugway Proving Ground
in 1997, IVINS believes the tubes he sent were samples of R Rfff::i]mixed batch of spores prepared by IVINS and[::::::%]
The reason he believes this to be true lS that the
shipping form indicates the samples were spores in liquid form,
unfrozen. The only Ames spores IVINS had unfrozen in liquid
form in his laboratory at that time were the spores known as RMR
1030. Also, he compared the concentration of spores in the
shipment to the concentration of samples he had in his
laboratory at the time of the shipment. The documented
concentration for RMR 1030 closely matched that on the shipping
form for the spores sent as seed stock to Dugway for the mass
production of spores to be used in aerosol challenge studies.
On a separate issue, IVINS verified that he found RMR
1029 to be 2.4 x 10m colony forming units CFU! per milliliter
ml! and not 2.4 x 109 CFU/ml after it was returned to him from
FBI custody. IVINS said that the viability was only down 20
30%, not 90%, and that they were able to fix the roblem badding more spores for the aerosol challenge for'EE:::::::f¬:]
hW@m@Qn _ 02/02/2005 m Tyson's Corner, Virginia telephonically!b6
b7C
5 C! b6File # 27 9A-WF-222 93 6 A __ Date dictated N/A
SSA t
T; 1|. 13/{'1 C}'2_O$';: iThis document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions of the FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned tdyour agency;b7C
ALL ripinrrnri :011"mInE1:~
L ' 1 _ HF 5 UMELAESIFIED
FD3°2G 1°95! DATE 12-00-2000 E? 00024 00 BAHfR3fL5C
_ 1 _
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
92; Date of transcription
Z O 3 Z 2 O O 5
On February 2, 2005 BRUC' IHINS, researcher at the United beStates Army Medical Research fE§EI9ute of Infectious Diseases b7C
USAMRIID!, Fort Detrick, Maryland lef ' mail message forSupervisory Special Agent SSA![::::::E:f:ffifTof the Federal
Bureau of Investigation. Earlier on February 2, SSA[::::::] had
sent to IVINS a copy of IVINS Shipping Request Form for a batch of
Bacillus anthracis Ames strain sent by IVINS to Dugway Proving
Grou d in 1997 for the preparation of an Ames spore stock known as
RMR 029,_ In a prior interview on January 13, 2005, IVINS had adviééd SSA| |that the spore concentration shown on that [;;;;;}
shipping form should allow him to check his laboratory notebooks
and identify the Ames sample he sent for Dugway to use as seed
stock.
IVINS stated in the voice mail message that the
conc ntration shown on the 1997 shipping form made him believe that
RMR 1 30 was the Ames material he sent to Dugway for use in the
mass p oduction of spores for the making of RMR 1029. He advised
that the information to support his belief could be found in his
USAMRIID laboratory notebook #3655, page 86.
|W%@m0n O2/O2/2005 m Frederick, Maryland telephonically! L x@/"lgZ?/ "¢§_/ I evcFile # 279AWF222936 nae dictated N/A
by SSA| I
This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions of the FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned to your agency;
it and its contents are not to be-distributed outside your agency. _ it///45 /07, 01,064
' . ALL II~IwlATIII1I~I cnrm.Iir.r:r:-
FD302 R I06 . I ~ HREIN _ unciissiritn- ev. - as! DATE 12-u9~2uus BY'6U32% UE Binrsarisc
-1-
* FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
* Date of transcription O 2 Z22 Z 2 Q Q5
_§EUCEgE__l¥IN£< whiteimaley was interviewed at his place
of employment, the United_States Army Medical Research Instituteiof
Infectious Diseases JUSAMRIID!, Bacteriology Division, 1425 Porter
§treet, Fort Detrick, Maryland, work tele;imnmu_J Ion
the afternoon of Februar 17, 2005. Also present durin theinterview wasI I gate of Birth DQB!:[:::?::g:::::]who isI I After being a vised of
the identity or the interviewing Postal Inspector and Special Agent
SA!, IVINS provided the following information:
IVINS advised the printout of the electronic USAMRIIDforeign visiting scientist which listed[:;;:::;;;;:]as a Point of
Contact POC! was errant. IVINS further a vise e was the
USAMRIID POC for an Egyptian male,I I from the
University of Michigan circaI I IVINS advised the
electronic USAMRIID foreign visi in scientist record hadmisspelledI Ias I Q]
IVINS advised prior to ay 1998 he was contacted by[::::::]L Ifrom_the Unive ' ' ' e ' enter
who was f aI IIVINS advisedI Iwished to collaborate with IVINS in
order to test the effectiveness of a new antis oricidal materialagainst anthrax spores. IVINS further advisedE%:::]had numerous
visits to USAMRIID, however "never accessed the B3 suite."
IVINS a¬vised[:g::g sentI Iboth from the Uni ersitv 1c,igan, to conduct expefiments. IVINS
advisedI Lnderwent safety training and provided
the required documentation of their shot records. IVINS advised
whenI Ishowed up at USAMRIID, USAMRIID personnel
realizedI Iwas not a U.S. citizen. IVINS advised, during the
May 1999 time period, a email request for approval was all that was
required for " reen card holders" to visit USAMRIID. IVINS furtheradvised.E:::::§:::]provided approval for[:::::::]
[:::::linterjected and advised "the request for[::::::]to
visit USAMRIID id not come from command it came from [IVINS]."
I:I further advised "this is different from which I had
previously told [the interviewing Postal Inspector and SA]."
~hWM@Mnm1 O2/17/2005 at Frederick, Maryland
/ 52/ ~ 5 s
ri1¢# 279A-WF-222936- A Date dictated N/A
Postal Ins ectorI Iby SA I I
This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions of the FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned
it and its contents are not to be distributed outside your agency.
I -1r._b7C
1-L?
92c ~FD-302a Rev. 10-6-95!
279AWF222 93 6USAMRIID
cmmmmwomamor Bruce Ivins ,0n02/17/2005 ,m$ _2_
IVINS advised[:::::]had contacted IVINS and[::;;:]and[:::::::]were to come to USAMRIID and conduct the researc on the
collaboration project. '
IVINS advised] Iworked with the Ames
strain of Bacillus anthracis Ba! in the "BL3 laborator " forthree or four days in May 1998. IVINS further advisedliimmand
I Iwere never left alone in the BL3 laboratory and either
IVINS or| |were with] I
IVINS advised he does not recall whether or not[::::]and
E::::::]had their own access into the B3 suite or whether or not
someone had to let them in. IVINS further advised the interviewing
Postal Inspector and SA to check USAMRIID key card entries.
IVINS advised he was not im ressed with their scientific
techniques. IVINS further advised| |were "at each
others throats." IVINS advised was "a jerk" and had problems
with everyone to include
IVINS advised he referred to[:::::]as '
because IVINS observed a thick patch of hair on t e sma o
_back while they were "showering out."
IVINS agreed to contact the interviewing Postal Inspector
and SA should he recall any additional pertinent information.b6
n
/Q
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