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Question: "Mr. xmwsncasv, has the estimation of President
EISENHOWER changed which you expressed at your return from the
United States 7" - .--1%.. ». ' ~ I'~ . -
u _ _ " »~ ,-
N. S. KIHRUSHCHEV: "You see, the declaration of the p
Department of State of the United States concerning the reconnaissance
plane has modied, of course, my idea about the noncomplicity of the
President of the United States in this matter. I did not know that in ' A
the United States an espionage plan was being elaborated which included
reconnaissance flights over the territory of the Soviet Union. The
declaration of the Department of State of the United States, approved _-
by the President, has made it clear that the ight of the North American
reconnaissance plane over our country is not a caprice of some irresponsible
official, but the realization of a plan elaborated by ALLEN DULLES, s
Chief of the Central Intelligence Agency; that is to say, of a department
which is under the auspices of the President of the United States. ~
"Mr. HERTER has recognized that the President of the United
States gave instructions to gather various information by any means.
Concerning the basis of these instructions, programs were planned and
applied which, according to HERTER, included ample observations
from the air by planes and by incursion. I ask you to. pay attention
to: by incursion. It means the flight of reconnaissance, espionage,
over the territory of a state with which normal relations are maintained.
This plan was approved by the President. An inconceivable thing!
And then I was supposed to say: 'How good you are! To do this '
would be a lack of self-respect. I would say that Mr. HERTER has removed
all the veils and also all the colors which, so to speak, masked and
adorned, serving as a cover for the policy of the imperialists. of
the United States. By his intervention, he has taught
a lesson to the ferocious jaws of militarism trying to frighten us. And
what has occurred? The result has been that this aspect did not cause
any fright. Such acts of the militarists of the United States I
are not caused by the heroism of their instigators, but by their
cowardice. Not that person is dangerous who dominates his nerves,
relies upon his energies and possibilities, but the coward. _» .
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"If the capitalists believe that MARX was not right, this should
pacify them. Why get nervous or afraid?"
' Question: "Were the authorities of Turkey, Pakistan and
Norway informed about the provocative ight of the North American
plane?"
N. S. IQIRUSHCHEV: "It is difficult for me to speak for
these governments; however, I admit that they were unaware of it.
The North Americans did not inform them. Certainly they do not
permit the Prime Minister of the countries on whose territories the
North American bases are located, to enter them. Animation!
"The guilt of Turkey, Pakistan and other states consists of
having joined aggressive blocs. The people say in these cases that
man sells his soul to the devil; while he has not sold it he can dispose
of his own person, and it is the devil who possesses the soul. This
occurs with Turkey, Pakistan and Norway. Animation!
"1 advised you, you foreign journalists, not to sell your soul
to the devil laughter! but to guard it. It would be better to dedicate
your activities to the progress of society. The communist ideals mark
the most progressive and most accurate direction in the development of
society. The better North Americans, such as JOHN REED, author of
the book Ten Days Which Shook the World, comprehended the grandiose
signification of these ideals. JOHN REED was very intelligent. It
isknown that he was not born a communist and that he came to
communism during the October Revolution and died as a communist.
"Some of you are accustomed to write against communism due
to ignorance or lack of comprehension. May God pardon that! Animation,
applause! ~ ~
"When I read the calumnies of the bourgeois journalists against
Soviet reality, against communism, I am enraged at times; however,
after reecting upon it, I say to myself that it is evident that not all '
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"I have talked with HEARST two times. - During the second
conversation I asked him: How is it that you told me one thing and
wrote another? He answered: Perhaps I expmmded the conversation
erroneously. ' It is necessary to give honor to the truth; he expounded
the essence of the conversation in a more or less correct form, but
published some commentaries about it in which its entire meaning was
boggled. When I told him this, he replied: '1 am a capitalist and
make my comments. Animation among those present! It is certain
that he is a capitalist, but the majority of you are not and will never be.
Why, then, serve capitalism? Why be its lackeys? Applause! I am
convinced that all roads lead to communism. What more can you ask?
"This is exactly what the North American imperialists
iear. Therefore, they are nervous and become engaged in indiscreet
adventures. This shows that they are not sure oi their system. The
Department of State oi the United States declared: All countries are
dedicated to espionage. However, the Soviet Union has never sent
planes to the United States or to other countries for the purpose oi
reconnaissance. If isolated cases happened that our planes violated
involuntarily the" aerial space oi other countries this happened on the
frontiers with Turkey and Iran!, we would excuse ourselves before
these countries and place the responsibility on those who cause such
infractions. »
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"We wish to advise those who intend to send spies to our
country to think of the consequences. s
Picture on age 14: ' '
_ Photographic apparatus with which the pilot-spy of the USA,
POWERS, could photograph Soviet military aerodromeg, industrial
enterprises and cities along the entire ight route from a height oi
20,000 m. The load of _the aim was calculated for photography oi
3, 500 kilometers of the _itinera_ry.' Seven lenses placed in the fuselage
permit, displacing the photographic apparatus, to photograph a wide
area_oilan_d. _ H -- I
Picture on page 15: '
Is it possible that F. H. POWERS by focusing his photo-a__-* - P, .. ,3 , _ r» . _-, ~ ~ ..~.-»': -.-r ,.. *.~= f .,-r : - * ~. ;t.;_t_ ,_ 3 .." ''. -_ , :.~ < - ,-. ~ >_; > -_~ ~_ - . - _a ,,- --_. , "~ - -g-» .,~__-. ~, ' *1-" ~»---%A_"m_. _ ~ *_ ' ' ,~ _. -- ' .._, , ' . "' ~ .
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atmospheric conditions, for example, fogs and clouds? Not in the least! »~-92 _ _
The film taken by him remained intact and was revealed. In it we _
see the photographs of Soviet industrial and strategic objectives. Here '
one of the pictures is reproduced procured by the spy: The photograph
of the Soviet military aerodrome. ' . I 7
_ Pictures on page 17: " _
Another of the principal missions of espionage of F. H. POWERS
was the reconnaissance oi Soviet radar stations. For this purpose the
"Lockheed U-2" was provided with a system of radio apparatuses and a
magnetophone for the impression of the acoustic signals of the Soviet
radar apparatuses. In the picture: The apparatuses of radio exploration
of the "Lockheed U-2. " - - V
Mag-netophone "MR-12570" with which the North American
air spy impressed the data pertaining to the Soviet radar stations. The
reserve of tape was calculated ior the impression during many hours
oi ight. _
Picture on page 18:
' "Element" of the installations of the plane: An explosive _
block, destined for the destruction of the plane and pilot ii the latter -
had to abandon the plane by the use of the catapult when he was over .
foreign territory. As it is known, F. H. POWERS did not use the
catapult, perhaps because he guessed the terrifying secret of this automatic
device" -of the upper light which, currently, serves-when enteringthe plane. - '
I Picture on pge 19:
Objects of the altitude equipment of F. H. POWERS: A .
hermetic helmet, parachute with oxygen apparatus, a special suit.
As the commission of experts has shown, all these pieces of equipment
were in perfect condition. ' - ' 4 _
vii" @~~.~.Pictures,onjpage Z0; j __
Part of the armament and equipment of F. H. POWERS:
An automatic silencer pistol note well, silencer!, a great quantity of
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cartridges, a knife, means to make signs. Is that not too much
"specic" for a "meteorologist"? - - P » ' . h i
' Other objects of the personal "equipment" of POWEIB:
Soviet rubles, French francs, gold watches, wedding bands. A strange - I
cargo for a plane which wanted to reach great heights! But the secret
is simple: According to the idea of the "strategic psychologists" of
the United States of America, all this was destined to bribe the Soviets.
Picture on pge 21:
The chiefs gave to the aerial pirate a special needle with
a poison of fulminating action. The spy was to use it in case he was
in danger of being taken prisoner. His chiefs gave POWERS the following
instructions: Not in any event to fall into the hands of the Soviets! He
did not prefer this command. He preferred to live. He delivered himself
into the hands of the Kolkhoz inhabitants of the Ural Mountains without
resistance and without the least intention of utilizing the terrible needle.
In the picture: The tube with the poison needle which F. 1-1. POWERS
carried.
' Picture on Ege 22: ~
The needle with a poison of instant action found in the
possession of POWERS enlarged!.
Picture on page 23:
Among the objects in the spy's possession was a sheet .
on which the national flag of the United States was imprinted and which,
in various languages, requested aid to the pilot. The Soviets rendered
aid to Mr. POWERS. '
Picture on page 24: ' . - - --
_ Before irrefutable material proofs, F. H. POWERS revealed
e _ , .. much in his statement about his espionage role in the fulfillment of tasks
of the Secret Service of the United*States to"gather~ secret data about the .
USSR. In the photograph: Pages of the interrogation protocol of
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Question: "Do you still desire that President EISENHOWER
come to the Soviet Union?" H _ _ _ . g - -
N. S. KHRUSHCHEV: "What shall I answer? Put yourself
in my place and reply for me. Laughter! You see the arising difficulties
yourselves. I am talking to you sincerely. You know my attitude toward
the President of the United States; I have talked about it repeatedly.
However, my hopes have been partly disappointed. I am a human being
and have human sentiments and I am responsible for the guidance of the
Soviet Government. You understand that we, the Russians, the Soviets,
have open minds; if we enjoy ourselves we do it completely; if we
persevere, likewise. How can I invite him now to our people? When
they would come out to greet the honored guest they would say to me:
Have you gone crazy? What honored guest is that one who approves the
ight of a plane for espionage purposes ?' The North American
militarists, by sending us a plane with an espionage mission, have placed
me who is responsible for the preparations for the arrival of the President
of the United States in the USSR, in a very embarrassing position.
Speaking frankly, I believe that even the President of the United States
will understand that. g
"Let us suppose that before my visit to the United States
we had sent a plane in the same manner and they had destroyed itihere.
Can you imagine how the North Americans would have received me? .
They would have received me, as the saying goes, according to my merits.
I believe that all will understand that.
"However, who can guarantee that during the visit of the
President no excesses would occur. Our people are cordial, give vent _
to their feelings, permit what the government puts into action, and
do not permit any offensive act. I believethat the journalists and .
North American tourists are now aware of the discretion and discipline
of the Soviets. I have not heard anyone say anything offensive to a
North American. This deserves praise. It shows the power of the
spirit of our people. " _ Q _ _
Question: "Is it possible that the problem of the plane '
will bean object of study during the_Summit Conference?"
- N. S. KHRUSHCHEV: "This is already the subject of
discussion throughout the world. Therefore, I consider it unnecessary.-~<..-.., .,.
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:1» a=~'.~~,-W. .an of up by up 0 I
to include this question in the agenda of the conference.' Let us consider
that I am the only representative of the socialist countries. On the other
hand, the Western countries have three representatives. However, I do
not believe that two out of three will approve of this warlike act of -
aggression of the North American military camarilla. - . .
"Of course, you are interested in knowing when I plan .
to fly to Paris. I intend to arrive in Paris on May 14; one or two days
before the beginning of the conference,in order to familiarize myself
a little. Paris has pleased me. It is a fine city. Animation! Therefo re
if others do not arrive - I say this because some people have threatened
that the conference shall not take place - it will be clear to all that the
failure was not our fault. We shall go to Paris! And if the conference
will not take place? Well, what is there to do? We have lived so many
years without it; we shall live another hundred years. Laughter, applause!
" "Not only our country is interested in the conference but '
the entire world. The peoples of the whole world hope for the mitigation
of the international tension and normalization of the relations between
the states. I believe that our colleagues, participating in the conference,
are just as much interested in the conference as the Soviet Union.
Therefore, the conference will depend upon the Western colleagues.
We are ready. I repeat that I intend to leave by plane on Saturday,
May 14. , L
"Some diplomats are annoyed with me, saying that
KHRUSHCHEV permitted himself excessively violent expressions.
I would like to see their reaction if a similar act of aggression had
been committed against their countries. What should I do, take off
my hat and salute this invasion? It was an assault of bandits and robbers
Applause! _ . .
"Did you see here the apparatuses for the taking of samples
of the air?" Laughter! "How do the authors of that version look now
after they have been unmasked? It is true that we recognize the eyes
of the imperialists. As the saying goes, their eyes emit fire, but they
insist that it is the sprinkling of God. ' Laughter, applause!
"You see now that I did not say everything intentionally
during the session of the Supreme Soviet because we know with whom
we deal; I Atfirst; we didanotsay that -the pilot was alive; that M
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apparatuses were intact and the plane "did not explode. They thought A
that the pilot had committed suicide. And now it is known that he is
alive and the North American press censures him very severely for
having violated the instructions; instead of committing suicide, he gave
himself up. In the United States are people who say the pilot should be
tried for having not complied with the instructions to commit suicide.
They are barbaric reasonings. There you have the ideology of
imperialism. You North Americans, do you read your newspapers?
It is rather horrible." -
Question: "Did the North American Charge d'Ai£aires
direct to you a request for an interview with POWERS '2
N. S. KHRUSHCHEV: "The North Americans sent a note
concerning this matter, asking us for permission to interview him. _ '
But they understand that it is too much to ask. The pilot is subject to
interrogation. He is a spy. How can people talk about interviewing
him now? He has to answer before our Soviet court. "
Question: "Does this mean that neither the Ambassador
nor the Charge d'Aifaires will be permitted to interview POWERS 7"
N. s. KHRUSHCHEV: "1 have not said um. We shall
decide about it. Perhaps they will talk to him; perhaps, not. I cannot
answer this question at this point because the interrogation continues. "
Question: "Will you consider as acts of aggression the
airplane flights of the Western powers to Berlin after the signing of
the peace treaty with East Germany?"
N. S. KHRUSHCHEV: "We have already made a declaration
concerning this. I repeat: After the signing of the peace treaty with V
the German Democratic Republic, the status, determined by the
conditions which arose from the military capitulation, will change with
respect to this territory. At that moment the occupation of West Berlin
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with the interested countries and permits them to use the aerial space,
the rivers, the railroads and highways, it will not concern us, but the
German Democratic Republic. It is its sovereign right.
"There are people who say that the Westerntpowers will
open the passage to West Berlin by force. 1 want to state: If anyone
intends to force passage, our military units, located in the German
Democratic Republic in order to safeguard peace, will use force against
the violators of peace and the hotheads of the West may think of the
consequences of such action for them."
Question: "Considering the case of the plane and your
attitude toward President EISENHOWER, would you not prefer that the
visit of EISENHOWE R be deferred?" _
N. S. KHRUSHCHEV: "I shall exchange opinions concerning
this particular subject with the President when we meet in Paris. As '
beiore, we are trying to find ways for an improvement of the relations
with North America. We shall maintain normal relations with the
United States and we trust that in time the Soviet-North American relations
will be transformed into friendly relations with the peoples of our countries.
This would be normal and all normal people aspire and will aspire to . _
attain this.
_ "Are there other questions?"
, "No, thanks. " Great applause!
N. 8. KHRUSHCHEV: "Finally, I want to tell you the
following. With those who invade the territory of our country, violating
our sovereignty, we shall deal severely. But we want to live in peace
and friendship with all peoples. Understand our situation, gentlemen,
when we censure with indignation such aggressive acts. However, we
shall look at things prudently and we understand well that the polemic,
even the most violent one, is better than war. Therefore, we shall
do everything to digest the present aggravation. We shall do everything
to normalize the international situation and to re-establish the good .
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You should see -things that way, too! There is not any doubt that you .
will suffer in case of war. Applause! War does not bring happiness " rs
to anyone. - ' . ~ .
"During the pastdays I read many speeches of Senators, .
Representatives and North American businessmen and consider it a
good symptom that many of them condemn the methods of their Government.
I consider it a good symptom that the people do not lose their heads and
not all explain the affair as HERTER did. " A
Question: "What do you wish the French people on the
occasion of your trip to Paris ?" A
N. B. KHRUSHCHEV: "I do not wish to put one people against
_the other; the French people received me hospitably and likewise the
North American people. I was in France more recently and my memories
are fresher. I am particularly satisfied; not only with the reception
given me by the French people, but also with the conversations with
President DE. GAULLE. It is up to the people to say that they want
peace. The Government declares the wars and the peoples are the
ones who have to shed their blood. Therefore, all want peace. Also
the French people desire it. We are ghting with France against
militaristic Germany. If war breaks out, and this can be caused by _
West Germany, the Frenchmen know that they have had a good ally in
the past: the Soviet Union. This ally can be very useful again. However,
the main thing is that we prevent war jointly and ally ourselves in the
struggle for peace. V
"I believe that the time has come to conclude this press
conference. Permit me to thank you, esteemed comrades and gentlemen,
and good-bye. Fight for the truth, for the noble cause of peace and
then you will gain the respect of your peoples. Strong applause.
Voices: "Thanks!"! , v . .
- This pamphlet was printed in Mexico by the "LIBRERIA
MADERO, S. A. " - . .
Wficture on e 26: 7 - ' -
In the Central Part of Culture and Rest in Moscow, the
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the North American mm the territory oi the ussn was opened to the
public. In the picture: Visitors of the exhibition view the evidence.
~ Picture on 'e2'7: ' W p . _
The accredited foreign diplomats visited the exhibition in
Moscow. In the picture: The accredited _military attaches of the foreign
embassies view the remainders of the North American reconnaissance
plane which was demolished by the Soviet rocket. V
Picture on age 28:
N. S. KHRUSHCHEV visited the exhibition on May 11. The
chief of the Soviet Government attentively examined the remainders of
the destroyed plane and other objects on display and conversed with
the experts. N. S. KHRUSHCHEV views the stand with the arms of the
aerial pirate. _
Picture on Es 29: ~
_ When, after visiting the exhibition, N. S. KHRUSHCHEV
was about to leave, the Soviet and foreign journalists who previously
participated in the press conference, convoked by the Minister of
Foreign Affairs of the USSR, GROMYKO, surrounded the chief of the
Soviet Government, forming a strong ring, and asked him to answer -
their questions. He cheerfully agreed. In the picture; N. S. Kl-IRUSHCHEV
in the exhibition hall answers the questions of the journalists.
Picture on pge 80: .
destroyed
_ At the exhibition of the remainders of the/North American
reconnaissance plane, the Soviet and foreign journalists listened with
great interest to N. S. KHRUSHCHEV. V
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monstrous act by high-ranking, leading personalities of the United States," ~~~have provoked the wrath and indignation of the entire Soviet people. V - ' '
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Pregunta: Seguramente habré vlsto usted entre los restos dc!avibu un cartel que llama a pzestar ayuda piloto. ¢Qué qua»rian decir. Ia julcio suyo. lo: autotea dc es: cartel?N. S. Imschou: Nosotros prestamos ayuda al poto cuaadovino en su avian a nuestxo pais y la aseguramos cl xecihimlenméste a lo: que no he-debldo. Y si vienen otros huéspedqs come .mos. invitado. les acogeremoa con la misma hospi:a11dad". Lesjuzgaremos. y les juzgaremos con severidad. coma aespias.Pregunta: 1'1 qué inuencia ejetceré todo esto an la confe-
renda cumbre? ,N. S. Iruschov: Que piensen en cllo los qua enviaron el aviénde reconoclmiento. Aunque debieran haber peusado antes en las
~'3
_,,/
eonsecuencias. Pues se ha perpetrado una eggesion» cont:/5 nuestro
pals. Y noaottos segulremos/kd_estruyend5 a todos los agresotes.
que nos_levanteg,lat manofllstedes ven el cuidado cop que los es-
geglallstas'de"nnestros cohetes derribaron el avion. lle abatieron
"gin lncendlarlel El plloto quedo vlvo y loa aparatos enteros; en
una palabra. las pruebas rnateriales a la vista. Lln acto magistral
dc nuestroa espedalistas militqres. Pot eso les debernos gratucl es-pedal. Animacion. Aplausos!. " A
Pregunta: llnlluiré este incldente del avlon sabre la opinion
pxihlica sovléca cuando el senor Eisenhower llegue a Moscn?
N. S. Iruschov: No quisiera hallarme en la sltuacién que se
ha produddo para el senor Eisenhower. {No quislera reciblr las
preguntas que le podrén hacer a el cuanclo llegue a la Union So-
viétlcal -Pnedo decir una cosa: el pueblo sovléco y nuestra socie-
dad son nriry corteses. pot eso no lmhré excesos. pero preguntu ai
qua le harén al presidente. _ /lnirmcldn. risas!.
Yo diria que al President: le ha ayndado a ese respecto en
particular an hombre: cl senor Herter.
{En sn conferencia de ptensa. Herter hlzo una declaracion
bandldescal No solo no ae siente culpable y avergonzado pox los
actos de agresién. slno que los justica y dice que en lo sucesivo
aegulré ocurtiendo lo mismo. As! no pneden obrar mas que paises
que se hallen en estado de gnerra. Nosotros no estamos en guerra
con Norteamerica. Esos nctos dc agreslén y la declaraclon de
Herter son una insolencla; guna lnsolendal
La declaracién de Herter nos ha hecho dude: de la justeza dc
mrestras concluslones anteriores acerca de que el President: y el
Gohierno nortearnericanos .no estaban lnformados de esos vuelos.
La declaradon hecha pox Herte: demuestra preclsamente que el
plan ode reconocimlento habia sido ratillcado pox el Gobiemo. Po:
lo vlsto loo norteamericanos tnvleron que declararlo asl porque de lo
contrarlo ae hahrian dc exlgir zesponsabilldades a Allen Dulles yDulles. a su vez. hublera desenmascarado al Gobierno diclendo que
él curnplia an plan ratlcado pox aquel y. pot conslguiente, san-
donado pox el jeie del Gobiemo. Yo me base en la deelaracién
heclra por Herter. .
En otro: tiempos, son recuerdos de mi inventud. andaban pox
el mundo nmchos dellncnentes. indocumentados y elementos sospe-chosos de toda indole. Eotre esos bergantes estaba en boga el
alguiente proccdezz Un hombre honrado va por an sendero, -atra-
viesa un puentedllo; debajo del puente hay an bandido. y an chi-
qulllo con él. Envlado pot el facineroso. el chiquillo se ace:-ca al
,. _ ,
6 .
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I
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ttansente y le d1¢¢. Sam dune 2 . ' RG10], Bug I-esponde: es>rZ/__,/~ "
eso? ;Vete dc aqu E1 dd _19° qé no me da usted 1:10=$§3 A1,'}e1§§2&i%ael§§I°Laa, °'b dm° md° Y dl¢-al»t;m/35 V ', ' P 5 e elWa _l§,¢stAs~dand5 su :eloj,;'y 1:" :13,-1:50? £?;aa!!f s9-3 dd P¢ql¥¢0?/W Les Bgtad ~~as Unldos de America uieten vivir con 3:23*3 |¢Y- Pete noaou q 1 glol: E¢: M Elltado fue°:t:°p::::° liandany pu¢d¢:5v£Ilr<:lfa¢:$0s. Fluestxz Mu Llmd ' wn . S1 Rhoda. mban°5mK:!<:idh1;1nlasconocido la xgrdadera guerra 5: 5 la gugggg, M, memos obugwommhas a en-WY l quleren desencadenargazén a la tleng dd agtcaor» a I ares cohetes. y éstos Ile-ana!, V Y "3 W primezos minutes. Aplw,
daagiooueato pom»: he leido la declaracldn de'Hert H 5~ 1 03 vgmos ow 2!. 3 g-_time la cult!! dc que velar: ;-Mg la prop um S°viw *3 '°°1'¢l0l- aecretos que w',o;mq Max Ptmite el acceso asaber: Po: :10 Predsamentc volamom C diam °bu98t0riamentedebts abxlx el cielo: volamou ' ya '° ° P'"4° '= we se¢1¢1q_ Y '¢"k¢ll06 voiando. abriendo el
|C6mnel:epresen:anteolidald¢uag, dcpede hlblrasl~ »
.
M/i
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ha 19 llilia5?-zmmlw Hf zgmQ! I3 Qlditka
kn dhpgjiilil I8 Iuun
>.
5,»!?_,o_,/ I,,-" lea metodo: con xespectn a mm; Esta; ,elm-e. an media xi enado he °§'..°§° "*' 5i*¢ refres-loa Estados. wjege»//:7/p'°t l d°°l*l°- ¢192 la! relaciones entxe
/Z///N>l¬.CI 103 dig; es las noticias dc la prensa _n0tt¬am¢.
danaq VQO que a ela Pluma.' are iustlflcanxzzcaltllo clef '1=l:fwg:s:=:§,a<:ll§ £3:-,did°s dz eribe en [Q1133 ' § qe es-du dad he-gt noneamericana. y_entre ellos persona: conqu-l|¢¢1-my 1° 3:253 POCB ob}e£ividad, se lndigm-m Po, 23¢Es an bum smtoma o con respecto e la Union Sovletica.mm . h ca dad - Si R488. los Peodzstas inioxman justa s e , ' -este lnddente. como cualqulex otxo, Sam ..di_
wide". al fin 1,Y 8 postze. De todos modos nos hace falta vivir BL ° "1 P81. 81110 tamhien en amistad. seotes. Aplau-
Pregame: 1,Se <1 . "33" 6* 1 Estall: i1i;.% ¢ ° ° °P"""**= ===»p=¢w B 1,
- 3- lwshovz Yo me incl ta: incom:g1bl¢$_ E; Y° I mi mismo entre los optimis-mmeamedcano sohgfggvgg ilel avion cle reconoclmiento
torlo dz la gueua, sino como un tanteo °I92l§:s}?§'3 c°m:dP¢Para-nosotros hemos dado un Capifqtaz WM 0"» Perou as nadc 1 no res .Al6unas personalidad dc 0 an es 3 °s °"l°'es los Bstados Unidos atman albomgq
Tabla a dhttibudén dc: lo; dc mu, dc . oanala dc la macionlepllhlki rum: 411:3; f;'9'§, °- Twquh. mug,dc ndlo an nvién. ill alien;-q,;,' ,, | P ll "W?- "' l° ?l°n°' pol tactic. mph
l
Hm!-
4
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°7g""l300i 3* "'11": rum ; 1. -4w Sl
l!¢noguni;;{;1.».£5}.j {f§ElLockheedU-Zevabaabordonmapanw peril!fomgraih ma dc explondbn modeler lm!
dc p¢llc92ll3-
ahora. No lmpozta. {qua albbrotenl Lalllnlon Sovlética no esGuatemala. A nuestro pais no se pueden mandar tropas. Nosottoscalmarén may lien a lo: bandidos. sl estos
tenemos remedies qne nos quleten apllcax sus insolentes xecursos. S1 obtan de tal suede.
redbiran los calmantes necesarios. Pregunta: Senor lruschov. Lha cambiado la apteciadon delPresidente Eisenhower que dlo usted a- su vtegteso de los Bstados
LlnldoslN. S. Iruschov: Verb usted. la declaracion del Departamentode Estado dc los Estados Llnldos tespecto al avion de :ecouoci-xniento modiiica. claro esté. ml idea sobxe la no compliddad ale?unto. Yo no sabia quePtesldente dc los Estados Llnidos en este asen los Estados Unidos se habia elaboxado un plan de esplonaje quecimiento sabre el texritorio de la Unionincluia los vuelos de recono Soviética. La declaracién del Departamento de Estado de los Es-tados Unidosfaprobada pot el Presidente, ha puesto en claro que elvuelo de los avlones de xeconocimiento norteamericanos sabrenuestro pais no es un capricho de algim oiicial lrresponsable. sinela realizacion dc un plan elaborado pox Allen Dulles. ieie de laDireccion Central de lnformaclon, es deck. de un departamentoque esté bajo los auspicios del President: de los Estados llnidos.
13
Apanm towgxim ilom-apt:teunerimno Poweu ,000 Ill. demaxl:
hmcrario.
prcsaz mdusu-la
carga de pelicu
S lmtilla du l slmh am me puam en e me je penni-laando el apanlo lotogrico, folognar um an-_ ,,,-'2'-
_ l Esd UnidsnosonsusdbadosP°¢°u*°"i:;::**s:*=::: »<»1=-°*== **=' N"¢1 qua domina sus newiostgrdgzutnxmceon sea fuerzas y po V .
sine el cobarde. elfque znda. Imscho; mama qua cl capmusmcYo kc can ma: 5° ; lg 5: haeen vuelos de reconc-mcumba if; SE1 torlo 3: la Unién Sovlética? Pete eso 1:010;:1?§ine;1c; 8;» sino que lo iundamentb Marx 1181?? ll" 5%§"- him: aw» $1 W ¢=»*"* ="* "2: *:;,.::::;,.».nia :az6n.?eso los debiera tranquilb 1.113" Q 9° V -ni temblat ' dPregunta: !,Es£aban al coxdente las autorldadea e pakgsw; y Nomega del vuelo provocadox del avién norteami
cane? 'N. s. Iruschov: Me es difidl mm P01 =sw;°a?Z1=§:;éf:
admlto que no lo sabian. Los norteamericn
' 92
_ B. P al ooneaat nu apnnto l°°8"5' q puma ;el"?cx-ritorio noviédon que M ii:-F:»= -=-=- =- - i~"r-==*~"- .::*::::., INK" "° " °° 'i°°" P9 ""9Pl°' M ma lib intact: v hemacho menu! La pehcula ialmad P Q . i haw revelada. Y cu ell: ac vierqn Ill i°1°8" 5' °b3'§d;°' 0 deM 1 =~-=**§*-- "Mm W "" "mm .26....
' I~ ¢- -4.
Seguramente que ni al Primer Ministro de lo§_paises;~en/iiyoa
territorioa ee hallan las bases/g;ilitares~nort'e americanas. le dejan
entrar en elias.,,, Animacl6ii!'. La culpa de Tutquia. Pakistan y
,otrost~-Bstatdoirzonslste en liaber lngresaclo en bloques agresivos. El
pueblo dice en estos casoa que el hombre vende sn alma al diablo;
mlentraa no la ha vendldo. puede disponer de sl mismo: después
ea el diablo el que dispone de ella. Eso ocurre ahora con Turquia.
Paklstlnyy Noruega. Animaciom!
Les aconseio. senores perlodistaa extranieros que no vendan
an alma al diahlo rises!. sino que la guarden para si. Mejor sera
que consagren su actividad al progreso de la sociedad. Las ideas
comunlstas marcan la direccion mas progzesiva y mas justa en el
desarroilo de la sodedad. Lo: mejores norteamericanos, como
Iohn Reed. auto: del libro 10 dies que estremecieron al mundo.
comprendieron la grandiose signliicacion de estas ideas. Iolm Reed
era may inteligente. Es sahido que no nado comunlsta, sino que
llego al comunismo duraate la Revolucibn de Octubre. y murio
siendo comunista. H
Algnnos de ustedes suelen escribir contra el comunlsmo por
ignorancia o ialta de eomprension. Que Dios se lo perdone. Ani-
mation. Aplausos.! i '
Al leer la: calunmias de los periodistas burgueses contra la
realidad eovietica, contra ei conmnlsmo. a veces me indigno; pero
despots de reflexionar digo: esta claro que no todos los perlodlstas
son Icahn Reed. Esta claro que 'son hombres sencillos. contratados
por editorlales como. pot ejemplo, la de Hearst que, como la araa,
lea apresa entre so tela. Y'si tales perlodistas no escribieran ca-
lumniaa contra el comunismo. maldita la iaita que le harian a
Hearst ni a otro consorcio editorial. Hearst no dejaria a tal perio-
dlsta ni an solo dia ea, su editorial.
He hablado con Hearst dos veees. Durante la segunda con-
versation. le dije: {Como puede ser que usted me hays dicho una
cosa y eacriba otra? El me respondio: ¢Acaso expuse la conversa-
cion etroueamente? Hay que hacer honor a la verdad: expuso la
esencia deyla conversadon de manera mas o menos justa, pero pu-
bllco unoa comentarics acerca de la misma en los que se tergiver-
saba todo su sentido. Se lo dije, y él me contesto: yo soy capitalista
y hago mls comentazios. Animacion entre lo: presentes.! Cierto
que el es capitalists. mas la mayoria de nstedes no lo son ni lo se-
ran iamaa. LPara que servir entonces al capitalismo? {Para que ser
sua lacayos? /iplausos.! Estoy convencido de que todos los cami-
noe llevan al comunismo. {Y a donde mas pueden llevar?
16 "
4
rUn elememo" mt dc In iutahdona dc! avilm: bloque.explosivo, deninado para aniquilar al avién y al pilolo encalodequcéatededdiucabandomtelagaxam pormzdiodela lrnllll al encomnnc soble tcttitono exlranjcro. Como -en nab , P. H. Powm no utilizé la caupulta, quub 92po:queadivino cl apamoso aecpgo dc cue aq:omé:im" dcl {anallnpttinl quc, oorrkntememc, nine pan mm: en cl avian.
~_ .
Pxecisamente cso es lo que temen lo: impexialistas no:tcame-ricanos. Po: eso se poneo nazviosos y so lanzan a aventuras irre-zxivas} Esto dexnuestra que no estén seguros dc su sistema<' ElDepagtamcnto dc Bstado los Bstados Llnldos de,No:teaméricadeclataz Todos los paisea dc dedlcan bl espionaje. Mas la UnionSoviética nunca ha énviado nl envia aviones a loé Estados Unidoso a otros paises con um dc reconocimiento. S! hubo casos alslados
en qua maestro: aviones infringieron involuntariamente e! espacioaéreo dc otros paises -eso sucedib en las ironteras con Tuzquia 1
lrén--. nos disculpamos ante esos paises y cxlgimos :e§ponsa5ida-
des a los causantes dc tales iniracdones. _
Quezemos advzrtir a los que intcuten enviar sus espias a awes-
tro pats qua pienszn bicn en las conszcuenclas.Pregunta: ;Sigue usted deseando que cl President: Eisenho-
wer venga a la Union Soviética? '
N- 3- lruschov: ¢Qué puedo contcstarle a eso? Pénganse enml N93! Y Ipdim P0! mi. Risa!-! Ustedes mismos ven las di-
,.18 d ,
4=?_//4 ./Z" ' '
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ficultades qua surgen. Les hablo aincetaxnente. Ustedez conocami titud hacia cl Presidehte dc los Estados Unldos. e e oachablado reiteradas veces. Mas mis esperanzas hen sido dcfrauda-das en pazte. Soy hombre y tango aenumientos humanos. yo respondo dc la dizecdon dc! Goblemo soviético. Comprendan ustekit abie:- des qua nosotxos. los msos. los soviécos. somos de esp uto. si nos divertimos lo haccmos de nnc: sl nos pegamos. también.Sal _ saluda: al1,C6mo puedo yo {nvitar ahora a nuestxa gente? gaa aesmado huésped que vieue a maestro pais. Me dirianz LE: que tehas vuelto loco?, Lqué estimado_huésped es es: quc apzueba cl en-vlo dc an avion con nes dc espionaie? Lon mllitatistas no:teame-ricanos, al mandamus an avion con mlsion dz espionaie, me banpuesto, como responsable de los preparativos para la llegada delPresldente dc los Estados Unidos a-la URSS. an una situadbn may
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_ anmunenlo y dc! eauipo de F. H. Powers: um
tométim lllcncioea l|e|ue' leudola! gran can-udpos, un cuchillo, pan lancer aeria-
todo um demauiado apedoo" para an
netounilogo ? ,
' i
Abajo: Omiobjelne del equip Enonal dc Powers: ru-
blqn aovietione. Imam: Innoeacs, in dc om, aonija dc
3 cargapanunav queue
nlménmolPemelaea'etoaum e pl :
Ice uualegan psicnlogioo de loo EE.UU.,
a r a lol aovieticnl.
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1 jcfq pmyoreiouamn al pinata ae-
reo una ago]: especial con un vene
no de accién lulminante. El upla de-
bla ham: mo do ell: en caao de ver-
ne en peligfo dc oer hecho prinipnem.
illu ningim can met vivo en ma-
nna de lo: noviélicos!" -can era la or- I
den que Powers recibio dc an jcla.
Pero 6! no la cumplié. Prefixio vivir.
Y ac enlrego en manna dc lo: koljo-
nianoe uralcaea sin reainencia y sin el !
menor inumo dc ulizzr la terrible
aguja. En la fore: El who con la agn-
ja venenon qne llevaba F. H. Powers. , ,
embatazosa. Hablando francamente. creo que el pzoplo President:
de los Bstados Unidos lo compteudeté.
Supongamos que antes de mi visita a lo: Estados llnidos. nos-
otxos lmbiésemos envlado un avion pox el estilo y all! lo derrlbaran.
Se puede imagine: uno como me lmbiesen acogldo los no:teame:l-
canes. Me hubiesen recihido. como suele decirse. segim mis meri-
tos. Cxeo que todos lo coxnprcnden.
No obstante. se puede gatantizar que no habré exceso alguno
durante la visita del Pxesldente. Nuestro pueblo es cordial. se des-/
ahoga hablando. deja que acme cl Gobierno. y no se pennitiré
ningn acto ofensivo. Creo que los periodistas y turistas norteame-
xicanos se percatan ahora de In dlscxedon y disdpllna de los so»
viéticos. No he oido que algulen clijera algo olensivo a un. none-
americano. Esta mexece sex elogiado. Demuestrayla luetza de es-
piritu de nuestro pueblo.
Pregunta: ¢Es posible que el pzoblema clel avion sea objeto dz
estudio en la Conferencia cumbre?
N. S. Iruschou: Es ya objeto dediscusion en cl mundo entezo.
Po: eso considero innecesario incluiz esta cueson en el orden del
dia de la Confetencia. Tenemos en cuenta que a los palses socia-
listas los representaré yo solo. En cambio los paises occidentales
tenclréu tres represeutantes. Mas no creo que dos dc los tres spruc-
ben este peligxoso acto de agreslon de la camarilla milita: none-
axnetlcana. '
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ti: en aviou para Paris: Pgenso-lle9ar§'Paris el 14 de mayo; uno,
o lnclusmdordias i1Tes dc comenzat la Confexencia para aclima-
»//mini? poco. Paris me ha gustado. Es uua buena ciudad. Ani-
macidn.! Y si otros no llegan -lo digo porque algunos amena-
zan con que la Confcrenda puede no celebxaxse--. entonces estaré
claxo para todos que el fxacasoi no fue pox culpa nuestra, {De mo-do qua keno: a Paris! LY si la Confereacia no sc calcium? Pues,
qué ac va a hscer. si bemos vivido tantoa aiios sin ella. vivizexnos
ottos den aos. Risas. aplausos.!
En la Conierencia no csté lnteresado solo nuzstro pals. esté
interesado todo el mundo. Los pueblo: dc! mundo entexo esperan
quc ac mlgue la tension intcrnacional, quieren que se normalicen
las reladones cntxe los Estados. Czeo quc nuestzos compaztoa dc
negociacionu estén lnteresados en la Conierencia no menos que
la Union Soviética. Po: eso la Conietenda depended dc nucstxos
sodos occidentales. Nosotros estamos prestos. Repito qua pienso
salt: an avion cl sahado, H dc mayo.
Algunos diplomaticos se eniadau conmigo, dlciendo que Ima-
chov ac permit: expreslones demasiado violentas. Qulsiera ve:.c6-
mo zeacdonariau ellos si semejante acto dc agteslon fuesc come-
do contra su pats. Qué debo hace: yo lqultanne el sombrero y sa-
ludar esa invasion? No. a los ladrones los recibixemos como co-
nespondc. Bso iue un asalto bandldzsco. dc ladrones. Aplausoa!
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Pregunh: 1Considera:an ustedes actor de agre3l§g__loa»vueloscde avlonea de las potenclaa qg.:,entales~ a~Be:linuna vez rmadoel Trgg/lg, de Pa: con 'li Alemaala Oriental?*/ N. S. Iruschov: Hemos hecho ya una declataclén sobre el par-ticular. Repito: Despues de la flrrna del Ttatado de Pa: con laRep921bllcaDemocrétlca Alemana. el estado detennlnado pot lasconcllciones que dlmanan de la capitulacibn mllitax para este terri-lorio camlalaza. Desde ese momenta. la ocupaclén de Berlin Occl-dental conclulia y termlnara el acceso a Berlin Occidental basadoea la capltulaclén dc Alemanla. La Repabllca Democradca Ale-mana controlaxa mtegrameate an terrltorlo, asl come el acceso aBerlin Occidental. sltuado en el mlsmo. Sl la Repiabllca Democrat»ca Alemana se pone de acuerdo con los paises lnteresados y leapermite utilize! el espado aereo. Ins vias iluvlales. los ierrocarrileay las carretetas. em ya I10 non lncumbe a nosotros. slno a la Re-pirbllca Democratlca Alenuma. Bl an dereclm soberano.
Enclhrquec:nml<lea|lmnydcsmm0,deMcac|i,nehaaMawpW@ Mmpmwmmuhbydocumelnaleadela dd avibnde nmnndmimmmnr
ametimn0en¢l crtil0ti0delaURSS.Enlaloto:1n0visiIan-
iuslelaexpuidéneuutanplllhlprnebam
1" *4"/V ,,,-//,/Z .
Viaimm la cxpoaidén lot diplmninicon ex§r_anjero| aaediird0lenMosc92i.Enlaf0l0:L0lagtcg3d0lm1l1l8l¢fd¢l3lem- hajadal cxuanjcral mntemplaaloa reswa del avném dc rem-mdmienw mmeamerkam dembado pot an when aovlétiom
Hay qulen dice que las potencias ocddentales se ahrlran pasoa Berlin Occidental pot la fuerzi. Qulerp aclarar: S1 alguien in-tentase abrlrse paso pot la iuerza. nuestras lunldades mllltares. des-plegadas en la Repblica Democrétioa Alamana para salvaguardarla paz, opondran su iuerza a los iuiractores de la paz. y que lascabezas calientes dc Occideute rellexlonen en las ccngecuencias
que eso tendta para ellos.Pregunta: Teniendo en cuenta el case del avlén y su actitudhacla el President: Eisenhower, inc ptelerltla asked que la vlsita
cle_Eisenhowei se aplazaselN. S. Iruschov: lntercamblaré oplnlones sabre el particularcon el Presldente. cuando nos entrevlgtemos en Paris. Igual queantes. queremos encontrar camlnos para mejorar las reladones conNorteamérlca. Queremos mantener relacioaes normales con losEstados Unidos. Y tenemos ie en que, con el tlempo. las relackrnes sovieto-norteamericanaspse tzanslormarén en relaclones amis-
.' 27
El ll dc mayo N. S. jnuchov visilb la cxpoaicién. El jcfe dc!Gobienm Soviétioo examiné dctenidamcme loo mun lid avian
ckmbado youosobjews cxpueuooyoonvenomu exw|.En la Iolo:N.8.]nuchovmntcmpla¢luaudoonlup:£
_ mas dd pixua aéneo.
tonal entte lo: pueblo: dc uuostros paises. Bsto seria normal. y
toda la gent: normal aspira y aspizaré a ello.
1N0 hay mas pzeguutas?
Voces: No, gracias, Nutridos aplausos.!
N. S. Iruschov: Po: liltimo. quicro decir lo siguiente. Con los
qua lnvadea cl ten-itozio dc nuestra patria, violando nuestta aobe.
rauia, procedemos severamente. Mas queremos vivlr en paz y amis-
2a l tCuando, dapués do whim la exponiddu, N. S. jnudaov ac
disponia a marchauc, loo periodiaa aoviétionn y zxuanjcmolque habian ponicipodo antcriolmcme ea la ounfcxmda dc
pmua convocada pot cl Minialro dc Relacionu Exxeom dc
la URSS, A. Gmmiko, rodcamn al jcfe dd Gobierno Sovié- .ciao ionuando un nuldo anillo, y le pidiqmn quegin: a nu prcguuuu, a lo qua aoardié guslolo. En 5 om:
.S.]rusd1ovcnla|ahdc1acxponci6n' rapoadca pre-
gunlan dc loo periudinaa. _
tad con todos los pueblos. Compzendan uucstta situacion. seoxes.
cuando censuramos con indignacién tales actos agtesivos. No obs-
tante, uiixamos cuerdamente las cosaa y comprendexnos hien que
la polémlca. hasta la mas violenta. es major que una guezra. Po:
eso haremos todo para que la actpal agudizadén se "digiera". Ha-
xemos todo para qua la situadén intemadonal entxe easu via nor-
mal y se restablezcan las buenas relaciones con los Estados Uni»
dos de América. se sobrecntiende. si los Bstados Uxiidos coadyw
van también a ello.
Esta es lo que xogaria tenet present: y que no esctibleran na-
' 29
aaz-~~~ -~~--r->~»~--_' ' A _
¢
~mu;::a¢sma¢|mmma=1=vzana=mm¢amimmV non derribado, Inn pctiodisuu aoviéxiau y extran-
j¢tusumdmuoungnuimubyanimaci6naN.8.]ruachov. A
da que pueda llevar a uua mayo: agudizadon y caldeamiento. ¢Pa-rn qué lea bace falta todo eso? No cabe duda que tambien ustedes
aufdxéu en cam de guerra. Aplausos.! La guerra no reports a
nadle In feliddad. '
He leldo-en lo: ultimos dias muchas intervencioues de sena-
doxes. dc mlembros del Cougreso y de hombres de negocloa nor-
teamerlcanos y consideto que es un buen sintoma el que mucbos
de ellos condeneu cl pzoceder de su Gobiemo. Considero que es
un buen sintoma el que la gent: no pierda la cabeza. el que no to-
doa expliquen el asunto coma lo bane Hertex.
so I
1 uly,/,. / Ll l/2
1//» ~/1 "/l ¢/ < .
~/' 'Pté'g/unta: 1,Qué quislera ustcd desear al pueblb fliné I101!
motive de su viaje a Paris?N. S. Iruschov: No qulero opone: uu pueblo a otro. cl puebloErancés me acogio hospltalarimuente, igual que el pueblo no:teame--rlcano. Pero en Frauds estuve mas tazde y p0t eso mi: 1mPf¢5i°-nes son mas fxescas. Estoy slngulannente satiafeclxo no solo delzedbimlento que me dlspenso el pueblo irances. sino tamblen dvila: conversacioneq que sostuve con el President: de Gaulle. 3epueblo huelga el bablar. todos desean la pat, Lu guezras las e-
claran los gobiemos. y los pueblos son los Q" 55¢" <1" "$3"la sangre. Po: eso todos ellos qulezan la pazq L8 q"l ¢ mmbié"cl pueblo Etaaces. Nosotros luchamoa junta cou Francis contra laAlemanla mitarista. Si estalla la guura. y em ae: decenn-
V Un momenta 4: la duula dc N. s. jnuchov mu nu perioditllm
-31
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X ,,Z ~
/'/' A/V
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Ln duanda iaumidu dcl avibn dc rccouocimicmo norma-
merianp cu cl mrimrio dt la URSS, y la cnica justicacién dc
we monsmwub aao par la alias pcnonalidades dirigcmca dc
ins I-Znadou Unidu, ban provomdo la in y la lndignacién dc
undo cl pueblo noviélim. En loo mitincn dc mam cclebndno -
pot todo cl pain, Ion loviéticno hm manilcaado an protest:
comm loo moo agrcdvoc dc he imperialism: uoncamcricanol.
En la tow: Un mitin dc pmnata en la lébrica Manomelr
Masai!:
denada pox la Alemanla Occidental. lo: franceses saben qua en cl
pasado tuvleton an bum allado: la Unién Soviétlca. Est: allado ~
lea puede set Mil otra vez. Mas lo major seré que junta: Impida-
mol la guena y scamos aliadoa en la lucha pox la paz. -
Creo qua ya es hora dc tcnnlnar esta conferencia do prensa , ~
impxcvlsta. Pemitanme que lea dé la: graclas, esdmados camara-
das y adores. y lea desee éxitos. Luchen pox lav vexdad. pox la
noble causa dc la paz. y entonces mereceréxi el respeto dc sua pue-
blos. Nutyldos aplausos. Voces: "]GraclasI"!.. , I
92
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Enclosed are original and four copies, Q: A.letterhead memorandum suitable for dissemination, codé ' 'RBARA POWERS wife of I'll' .~.~.:;" 0"- I.;"~ -~- ~ - -" 7._ _' ,= .= -1: '1 .. ~ $1.. -- -..='. .»7='- -- 'VNV'."l~ L -.V - - V V V ' .- ,- -.»<.. ...».»':'.F ;.V..V.'...-;.-V.v ~ -WV I- .-.- ~ _ .»-;.V_~:.-..<V:r-5. ~..-
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'"=r'r-Pl»-R4'~ Atlanta Geo ia ; ".""+ s June i7, 1§%o
Francis Powers U2
n en
concerning
Powers. -,3» ,. 92is allegedly
the private of Powers and wife,
stated he contactedvi an
June 17, 1960, at which time -advised he hadbeen contacted
by a representative of Lockheed Aircraft Corporation and an FBI
Agent dmortly after Russia announced the capture of Powers.-92_ stated_ told him the aircraft representative and the
him not in s FBI agent told make statement or to have any
conversations Powers ted he is not familiar
with all ins dvised
92-
he was reporting this information _ .
as he possibly be contacted by newspaper reporters
and give this ma out. He stated he has no knowledge of
the truth of the5 ou
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loaned" to you by the FBI,
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