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FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
MALCOLM X LITTLE
PART 10 OF 24
BUFILE 100 399321
FILE. DEscRlP_:lQN
BUREAU FILE
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_ A Dme=1/29/Bk » 1 as
I For the infomation of Miami, local NY newspapers
* t1 carried stories which indicate that subject has »
,,92 st., NYC. Subject did not atten ,
- . interviewr. <-_lggactay advised that his Priority or lethal of Itltlilg! sq .1 ____
DIRECTOR, FBI 00-399321! _,
FROM: SAC, NEH YORK 05-899,9! -
M=MALCOLM K: LITTLE aka
Malcolm X, Malcolm Shabazz, QMalik El Shabazz, Malik Shabazz
IS - NOI _
OO:NEW YORK!
Re Miami airtel dated 1/21/64. _-92-
§_ e recen y _ p"2 t a week in Miami, Florida, vacationing with his wife BETTY, 1
d hters According to the articles, ;.,:.92 their three young aug . -
b_ject- and his family were the guests of heavyweight contender
SIUS CLAY while in Miami .; _s .L CLAY and subject returned together by plane to NYC._§> n 1/21/6M. That same evening, CLAY was the guest of honor and
' ' speaker at a Dinner Social sponsored by the F01 and NC? of
' Mosque #7, NYC, held in Hockland Palace, 8th Avenue and 155th
d the affair and CLAY reportedly
following day In a newspaper
mana ers did not know that he was making ltheyéffflite upset about it.returned to Miami the
this trip to NYC, and4 bOn 12/ll/63, subject was temporarily suspended/¥IOI leadeELIJAI-I M'U'HAI~lMAD for remarks subject made in 1_~P{C on 12/1/63,
relative to the assassination of former President Since
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21.;-1»; - mi, 196': manor nrrssvlsw: mmom Ia candid conversatiejwith the militant major-duo he black Iieliie ' _1 _ ,
"within the pest five years, the militant American llegro has become an increasing-
ly active combatant in the _strug__a1e for civil rights. Bspousing the goals of sensuali-
fied equality and integration, many of these outspoken insurgents have participated ill
freedom rides and protest marches against their segregationist foes. Today, they face
opposition from not one, but two inimicsl exponents of racism and segregation: the
white supresacists and the black lhslies. A relatively unknown and insignificant rad-
ital religious iiegro cult until e few years ego, the iiaelims have grown into s dedica-
ted, disciplined nationwide movement which rams its own school, publishes its own newe-
psper, owns stores and restaurants in four major cities, buys broadcast time on 50
radio stations throughout the country, stages mass rallies attended by partisan crowds
of 10,000 ond more, end onaintoioo its own police force of judo-trained athlete! called
the Fruit of Islam.
Predicated on the proposition that the black nan is morally, spiritually and in-
tellectually superior to the white man, who is called a "devil," I-luslim doctrine doeme
him to extermination in an iminent Armageddon - along with Christianity itself, which
is denounced as an opiate designed to lull iicgroes ~ with the promise of heaven - into
passive acceptance of inferior social status. Amelgemating elements of Christianity
and Hohammedanism both of which officially and unequivocally disown it! and spiked
with a black-supremacy version of Hitler's Aryan racial theories, liuslimism wee founded
in l93l by Elijah Poole, e l2oorgloboro ear.-fsotory worker who today ends amen!!-
tioning obedience from thousands of followers as the Honorable Elijah lluhassssd, lines-
enger of Allah. at the right hand of God's Messenger stands 36-year-old Malcolm Little,
a lanky onetime dining-car steward, bootlegger, pimp and dope pusher who left prison
in 1952 to heed lhzha.-:|nad's message, abandoned hie "slave name," Little, for the symbol-
ic "X" meaning identity unknown!, and tool: an oath to abstain thereafter rm smelting,
drinking, gambling, cursing, dancing and sexual promiscuity - as required of every
Muslim. The ambitious young men rose swiftly to become the lhssenger's most ardent
and erudite disciple, and today wields all but absolute authority over the movement
and it: me:-.b__ership es liuhe.-:-.-..:d': business manager, trouble shooter, priee ssiniotor
and heir apparent. '
In the belief that knowledge and awareness are necessary and effective antitomine
against the venom of hate, PIAYBO! asked Malcolm X to submit toa cross-examination on
the means and ends of his organization. The ensuing interview was conducted at a se-
cluded table in a Harlem restaurant owned by the Muslims. Interrupting hie replies
occasionally with a sip of black African coffee and whispered asides to deferential
aides, the dark-suited minister of Harlem's Muslim Temple Number Seven spoke with can-dor and - except for moments of impassioned execration of all whites - theiimpersonadltone of a self;-assured corporation executive. ,.i"2__? ,-if, .9? - 95'-Hany will be shocked by what he has to say, b_ outraged. gut gunview is that this interview is both an eloquent t _ E fe an ictmentof one noxious facet of rampant racism. As such,'_rF'_be_l_i1£ve I-11¢ r==d1=s- . ..¢?;'gf-;.,! 55 MM" Mimi»-=»-=-' Hr,F.-:0-r " ' *~l~I"l¢>01!'lruwsor: mm is the ambition of the n..1.=u n...11q,_1-, 3E1/W5/%znBy; ' - MQ
MALCOLM X: Freedom, justice and equality are our princ pa e 1 _ Z -
fully serve and follow the Honorable Elijah Muhammad is the guiding g Ll _;___
Muslim. Hr. Iluhsmaad teaches us the knowledge of our own selves, and or o92Tr-own-yeopjn.
Be cleans us up - morally, mentally and spiritually - and he reforms us of the vices __'
that have blinded us here in the Western society. lie stops bl-e¢i IQII 51'"! 801191118
drunk, stops their dope addiction if they had it, stops nicotine, gambling, stealing,
lying, cheating, for-elation, edoltery,-, 5.-restitution, gnvonile delinquency. I think
of this whenever somebody talks about someone investigating us. ilhy investigate 8118
Honorable 2111.1. s..1......a1 my should subsidise nu. He's clean!-Ill up we new =11
white men have made. He's saving the Ooverment millions of dollars, taking black men
off of welfare, showing them how to do something for themselves. and llr. lluhmned
teaches us love for our own kind. The white man has taught the hlsci: people in thii
w ~ EI_'92T'CLOSU'R~E,'__" ~ ' ~ c
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-I92.I . '' e e piI-_, . ' L.-:"_;.-I F-~'+ . '-. - -.~_~'i-'-"=-country to hate thnaselvggriis inferior, to_ha_te__eech othe __bs diridsdegsinst eachother. llessenger lluhsnns Hrestoree our love for our own I- , which enables we to work
together in unity and harmony. ' lie shows us how to pool_our financial resources and our
talents, then to work together toward a cannon objective. Among other things, we have
smell businesses in eost major cities in this country, and we wantto create many more.
Us are taught by Hr. I-luhammd that it is very important to iqarovs theblech men's p
sconclny, and his thrift. But to dothis, wemust have land of our own.' 92e"breie-_"'_;
washed black man cennever learn to stand on his own two feet until he is on his 1.
we must learn to become our own producers, manufacturers and traders; we met have In-
dustry of our own, to employ our own. 'lhe white nan resists this because he wants to
keep the black men under his thumb and jurisdiction in white society. Ila wants to heq
the black man always dependent and begging - for jobs, food, clothes, shelter, education
The white man doesn't want to lose somebody to he supreme over. Be wants to heap the
black man where he can he watched and retarded. Mr. Muhammad teaches that as soon es .-
we separate from the white man, we will learn that we can do without the white men just
as he can do withoutus. The white man knows that once black men get off to thaselves
and learn they can do for themselves, the black men's full potential will explode and
he will _s_92§_r_pg_gg the white men. - ' " . 7
PLAYBE: Do you feel that the Black lIuslims' goal of obtaining "several states is e
practical vision! ' pa ' '_ ,
l92i#.LCOLH X: Hell, 1% might consider some things practical that are really impractical.
Hasn't it impractical that the Supreme Court could issue a desegregation order nine
years ago and there's still only eight percent compliance? Is it practical that a hnne
dred years after the Civil Uar there's not freedom for the black man yet? On the re-
cord for integration you've got the President, the Congress, the Supreme Court - but
show me your integration, where is it? That's practical? Hr. Ii-.-ihaulned teaches we to
be for what's 555111 practical - that's separation. It's more natural thanintegretion.
PINIBCH: In the view of many, that is highly debatable. However: In a recent inter-
view, Negro author-lecturer Louis Lomax said, "Sighty percent, if not more, of America's
20,000,000 Negroes vibrate sympathetically with the liusli.ms' indictment of the white
power structure. But this docs not mean we agree with them in their doctrines of ere
trangcment or with their proposed resolutions of the race problem." Boas this view
represent a consensus of opinion among Negroes? And if so, is it possible that your
scparationist and anti-Christian doctrine have the effect of alienating many of your
race? " a '
IiA§01.__!§_£: Sir, you make s mistake listening to people who tell you how much our stand
alienates black men in this country. I'd guess actually we have the sympathy of 90
percent of the black people. There are 20,000,000 dormant Muslims in America. A Muslim
to us is somebody who is for the black man; I don't care if he goes to the Baptist
Church seven days a week. The Honorable Elijah Muhammad says that a black man is born
a Muslim by nature. There are millions of Muslims not aware of it now. All of them
will be Muslims when they wake up; that's what's meant by the Resurrection.
Sir, I'm going to tell you e secret; the black man is a whole lot smarter than white
people think he is. The black man has survived in this country by "fooling the white
man. He's been dancing and grinning and white men never guessed what he was thinking.
Now you'll hear the bourgeois Negroes pretending to be alienated, but they're just mak-
ing the white man think they don't go for what Hr. Muhammad is saying. This Negro that
will tell you he's so against us, he's just protecting the crumbs he gets from the white
men: table. This kind of Negro is so busy trying to be like the white man that he
doesn't know what the real masses of his own people are thinking. A fins car and house
and clothes and liquor have made a lot think themselves different from their poor black
brothers. But llr. Hr. lhhammad says that Allah is going to wake up all black nan to
sea the white Ilsn as he really is, and see what Christianity has done to thQ. Ihe
black masses that are waking up don't believe in Christianity anymore. All it's done
for black man is help to keep than slaves... lit. Huhsaned is teaching that Christianity,
as white people see it, means that whites can have their heaven here on earth, but the
black man is supposed to catch his hell here. The black men is supposed to keep bee
lieving that when he dies, he'll float up to some city with golden streets and milk and
honey on a cloud somewhere. lvsry black nan in llorth America has heard black Christian
preachers shouting about tomorrow in good old Ieulah's Lend. But the thinking black
'2
W a - - _ _ _. _ _a.._#-snarl. -*i:".1-_-:, 'Z l._ ' _""_'.';"'f "'
-masses today are interiky n Huha:mnad's Lend. The Land that the limorahls
Elijah Hhemmad talks a '7, is right here on this earth. ,@ rlllllnl black men todayare interested ina religious doctrine that offers a soluéghh to their problems right
now, right here on this earth, while they are alive. ' - .
You must understand that the Honorable Elijah Muhammad represents the fulfilment of
Biblical prophecy to us. In the Old Testament, Hoses lived to see his enemy, Pharaoh,
drowned in~the led Sea - which in essence means that Hr. Muhammad will see the comple-
tion of his work in his lifetime, that he will live to see victory gained ove his
enemy. _
PLAYBOY: The Old Testament connection seems tenuous. Are you referring to the Inslim
judgment day which your organization's newspaper, Huhunnad §pgggg, calls Wlrmagaddon"
and prophesies as imminent? ' ~~ -
§L§§L X: Armageddon deals with the final battle between od and the evii. The Third
world War is referred to as Armageddon by many white statesmen. There won't be any
more war after then because there won't be any more war mongers. I don't know when
Armageddon, whatever form it takes, is supposed to be. But I know the time is near
when the white man will be finished. The signs are all aroud us. Ten years ago you
dcouldn't have paid a Southern Negro to defy local customs The British Lion! tail has
been snatched off in black Africa. The Indonesians have booted out such would-be in
ts as the Dutch The French, who felt for a century that Algeria was theirs,
to run for their lives back to France. Sir, the point I make is that all over
', the old day of standing in fear and trmhling before the almighty white senperialis
have had
the worl
is gone!
PLAYBOY: You refer to whites as the guilty and the enemy, you predict divine retribu-
tion against then; and you preach absolute separation from the white community. Do not
these views substantiate that your movement is predicated on race hatred?
MALCOLM X: Sir, it's from H. uhammnd that the black messes are learning for the first
time in 400 years the real truth of how the white man brainwashed the black man, kept
him ignorant of his true history, robbed him of his self-confidence. The black masses
for the first time are understanding that it's not a case of being anti-white or anti-
Christain, but it's a case of seeing the true nature of the white man. e're anti-
evil, anti-oppression, anti-lynching. You can't be anti- those things unless you're
also anti- the oppressor and the lyncher. You can't be anti-slavery and pro-slave-
master; you can't be anti-crime and pro-criminal. In fact, us. Hnhammad teaches that
if the present generation of whites would study their own race in the light of their
true history, they would be anti-white themselves.
ggggggg; Are you?
MALCOLMm§5 As soon as the white man hears a black man say that he's through loving
white people, then the white man accuses the black man of hating him. The Honorable
Elijah Mohamed doesn't teach hate. The white man isn't important enough for the Bon-
orable Elijah Hhmnnad and his followers to spend any time hating him. The white man
has brainwashed himself into believing that all the black people in the world want to
be cuddled up next to him. When he meets what we're talking about, he can't believe it,
takes all the wind out of him. When we tell him we don't want to be around him, we
don't to be like he is, he's staggered. It makes him re-evaluate his 300-year myth
about the black man. What I want to know is how the white men, with the blood of black
people dripping off his fingers, can have the audacity to be asking black people do
they hate him. That takes a lot of nerve. '
PLAYBOY: How do you reconcile your disavowal of hatred with the announcement you made
last year that Allah had brought you "the good news" that 120 white Atlantans had just
been killed in an air crash en route to America from Paris? . .
MALCOLM X: Sir, as I see the law of justice, it says as you sow, so shall you res.
The white am has reveled as the rope snapped black men's necks. Be has reveled around
the lynching fire. It's only right for the black man's true God, Allah, to defend us -
and for us to be joyous because our God manifests hid ability to inflict pain on our
enemy. He Muslims believe that the white race, which is guilty of having oppressed
and exploited and enslaved our people here in America, should and will be the victims
of God's divine wrath. All civilized societies in their courts of justice set a sen~ _
tence of execution against those deemed to be enemies of society, such as murderers
and kidnapers. The presence of 20,000,000 black people hers in America is proof that
Uncle Sam is guilty of kidnaping - because we didn't come here voluntarily on the
3;-e_.
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F- -,s
Hiyflower. And 1:00 yeack lynchings condemn Uncle Sac surdeser. » » - - -PLAYBOY: We question thasll-inclusive generalisation. éreturn to your atatentabout the plane crash, wh lalph Bunche heard about i he called you "mentally
depraved." What is your reaction! ' n - e
: I know all about what Dr. lunche said. He's always got hieinternational
mouth open. He apologised in the UII when black people protested there. ¥ou'llnotice
that whenevhr the white man lets a black man get prcssinent, he has a job for him. - Dr.
Bunche serves the white man well - he represents, speaks for and defends the white tn.
Ha does none or this for the black man. Dr. Bunche has functioned es a white man's
tool, designed to influence international opinion on the Iegro. The white man has fl-3
Negro local tools, national tools, and Dr. Bunche is an international tool. -~. '-.;;;e_-" -
PLAYBUE: Dr. hunche was only one of many prominent Negroes who deplored your statement
in similar terms. What reply have you to make to these spokesmen for your own people!
HALCJL__l-ll: Go ask their opinions and you'll be able to fill your notebook with what.
white people want to hear Negroes say. Let's take these so-celled spokesmen for the
black men by types. Start with the politicians. They never attack Hr. lhhaalsad per-
sonally. 'lhey realise he has the sympathy of the black messes. They know they would
alienate the masses whose votes they need. But the black civic leaders, they do
attack Hr. Huhamnad. The reason is usually that they are appointed to their positions
by the white man. The white man pays them to attack us. The ones who attack Hr.
Muhammad the most are the ones who earn the most. Then take the black religious lead-
ers, they also attack lit. Muhammad. These preachers do it out of self-defense, because
they know he's waking up Negroes. In one believes what the Negro preacher preaches es-
cept those who are mentally asleep, or in the darkness of ignorance about the true
situation of the black nun here today in this wilderness of North America. If you will
take note, sir, many so-called Negro leaders who once attacked the Honorable llijah
Huhanatad don't do so anymore. And he never speaks against them in the personal sense
except as a reaction if they speak against him. Islam is a religion that teaches us
never to attack, never to be the aggressor - but you can waste somebody if he attacks
you. These Negro leaders have become aware that whenever the Honorable ilijah Huhanssed
is caused by their attack to level his guns against them, they always come out on the
losing end. Phny have experienced this.
§_I=.A_;.1§_C_§: Do you admire and respect any other American Negro leaders - Martin Luther
King, for example!
_I_4_1LCOL!-I X: I am A huslim, sir. Muslims can see only one leader who has the qualifica-
tions necessary to unite all elements of black people in America. This is the honor-
able Elijah Muhammad.
_I:I;.g§_ iY_:_ Many white religious leaders have also gone on record against the Black
Muslims. Writing in the official NAACP magazine, a Catholic priest described you as
"a fascist-minded hate group," and B'nai B'rith has accused you of being not only anti-
Christian but anti-Semitic. Do you consider this true! . .
HALCOLH K: Insofar as th Christian world is concerned, dictatorships have existed only
in areas or countries whcrc you have Roman Catholicism. Catholici conditions your
mind for dictators. Can you think of a single Protestant country that has ever pro-
duced a dictator!
PIAYBUY: Germany was predominantly Protestant when Hitler --
MALCOLM X: Another thing to think of - in the 20th Century, the Christian Church has
given us two heresies: fascism and communism.
PLAYBGY: On what grounds do you attribute these "isms" to the Christian Church? .
MALCOLM X: Where did fascism start? Where's the second-largest Cousnunist party outside
or It-assist Ihe answer to both is Italy. Where is the Vatican! But lets not Iorget
the Jew. Anybody that gives even a just criticism of the Jew is instantly labeled
anti-Semite. The Jew cries louder than anybody else if anybody criticises him. You
can tell the truth about any minority in America, but make a true observation about the
Jew, and if it doesn't pat him on the back, then he uses his grip on the news media to
label you anti-Senite. Let me say just a word about the Jew and the black man. The
Jew is always anxious to adyipe the black man. But they never advise him how to solve
his problen the way the Jews solved their problem. The Jew never went sitting-in and
crawling-in and sliding-in and freedom-riding, like he teaches and helps llegroes to do.
the Jews stood up, and stood together, and they used their ultimate power, the economic
weapon. lhat'a exactly what the Honorable Elijah Muhammad is trying to teach black
s
Rh-tadI-u...
='.."" '.-7},-s-..~ t ,4 ...;;{-Qt." "
i. 1'-"-.'T .._t:Jew that s
With money
wading-in,i "_ § _ 1 _ * * _ ___J I '- ___§_ i 7"' ' " 7 J./'7' I
advising the Negro joins the NAACP, CORE, the Urban League, and others. 'donations, ti-1. gains control, then he senfe r -1 black man doing all thisboring-in, e 4 .. lrying-in - everything but b in. lever shows him how
to set up factories and hotels. lever advises him how to own what he wants. lo, when
there's something worth owning, the Jews got it.
g_ygggr_= Isn't it
integration and economic improvement for the llegro, as volunteer
CORE and many other interracial agencies! _ ".
H§L_C_gLl-I X: A man who tosses worms in the river isn't necessarily
All the fish who take him for a friend, who think the worm's got
end up in the frying pan. All these things dangled before us by
ing as a friend and benefactor have turned out to be nthing butdedication to advance true that many Gentiles have also labored with
workers for the IAACP,
e friend of the fish.
no hook in it, usually
the white liberal poe-
bait to lake us i
wr're making progress. The Supreme Court decision has never been enforced. Deeegrr
gation has never taken place. The promises have never been fulfilled. lie have received
only tokens, substitutes, trickery and deceit. - _
P1.AfB_q!_i What motives do you impute to PLAYBOY for providing you with this opportunity
for the free discussion of your views!
HALCGLH X: I think you want to sell magazines. I've never seen a sincere white man,
not when it comes
people to benefit
thinking of black
hleth an only to
terest is to make
PLAYBOK: Is there
welfare genuinely
MALCOLM X: I say,
dence. If any ma
man and the blackto helping black people. Usually things like this are done by white
thselves. The white man's primary interest is not to elevate the
people, or white people either. The white man is interested in the
the esttent tint the hitch at it ct tee to hint. the white tan! in-
money, to exploit.
any white men on earth whom you would concede to have the llegro's
at heart?
sir, that you can never make an intelligent judgement without evi-
n will study the entire history of the relationship between the white
man, no evidence will be found that justifies any confidence or faith
that the black Ilan might have in the white man today.
_§___1.AYBOY_i Then you consider it impossible for the white men to be anything but an et-
ploiter and a hypocrite in his relations with the Iiegro?
MALCOLM Z: ls it wrong to attribute a pre-disposition to wheat before it cases up out
of the ground? Uheat's characteristics and nature make it wheat. It differs from bar-
ley because of its nature. Wheat perpetuates its own characteristics just as the white
race does. White people are born devils by nature. They don't become so by deeds. If-.
you never put popcorn in a skillet, it would still be popcorn. Put the heat to it, it -Q;
will pop.
PLAYBO'§_;_You say that white men are devils by nature. Was Christ e devil?
Q92_l,§_0LM X: Christ wasn't white. Christ was a black man.
PLAYBOY: On what Scripture do you base this assertion?
_liA_1_..COLM X: Sir, Billy Graham has made the same statement in public. Why not ask him
what Scr ipture hefound it in? When Pope Pius XII died, Life magazine carried a picture
of him in his private study kneeling before a black Christ.
PLAYBOY: Those are hardly quotations from Scripture. Was Henot reviled as "King of _
the Jews" - a people the Black Muslims attack!
MALCOLM X: Only the poor brainwashed American Negro has been made to believe that Christ
was white, to maneuver him into worshiping the white man. After beccming a Huslim in
prison, l read emost everything 1 could put my hands on in the prison library. l be-
gan to think back
lized that nearlyon everything I had read and especially with the histories, I ree-
all of them read by the general public have been made into white his-
tories. I found out that the history-whitening process either had left out great
things that black men had done, or some of the great black men had gotten whitened.
? H d 11 f I th 1 ' ' oul you st a ew o ese men LAYBOY: ,
HALCOCM X: Well, Hannibal, the most successful general that ever lived, was a black
man. So was Beethoven; Beethoven's father was one of the blecksmoors that hired them-
selves out in Europe as professional soldiers. Haydn, Beethoven's teacher, was of
African descent .
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-1was a court tenor in Col ufx, Baydn's parents were Croat »... ¢l92Ihus' parents were
Italian - "3 1 ' ' ' ' '
Q0114 X: Whole black aspires, like the Moorish, have been whitened to hide the fact
that a great black empire had conquered a white empire even before herice was dis-
covered. The Moorish civilisation - black Africans - conquered and ruled Spain; they
kept the light burning in Southern Europe. The word "Hoot" means "black," by the lay.
Egyptian civilisation is a classic example of how the white nan stole greet African
cultures and makes them appear today as white European. The black nation of lgypt is
the only country that has a science need after its culture:-Egyptology. The ancient
Sumerians, a black-skinned people, occupied the Middle Eastern areas and were conten-
poray with the Egyptian civilisation. The Incas, the Aztecs, the Hhyans, all dart-
skinned Indian people, had a highly developed culture here in America, in what'is new
Mexico and northern South America. These people had mastered agriculture at the time
when European white people were still living in mud huts and eating weeds. But white
children, or black children, or grownups here today in America don't get to read this
in the average books they are exposed to. -
gp§rs0r= Can you cite any authoriative historical docments for these observations!
HAI.CQ_I_._!;l§: I can cite a great many, sir. You could start with Herodotus, the Greek
historian. He outright described the Egyptians as "black, with wooly hair." And the
American archaeologist and Egyptologist James Henry Breasted did the sale thing.
££§3BOY: You seem to have based your thesis on the premise that all nonwhite races arenecessarily black. ' - Z
MALCOLM X: Hr. Hhsmnmd.says that the red, the brown and the yellow are indeed all part
of the black nation. Which means that black, brown, red, yellow, all are brothers, all
are one family. The white one is s stranger. He's the odd fellow.
§LAYBOY§ Since your classification of black peoples apparently includes the light-
skinned Oriental, Middle Eastern and possibly even Latin races as well as the darker
Indian and Hegroid strains, just how do you decide how light-shined it's permisaable
to be before being condemned as white? And if Caucasian white are devils by nature, do
you classify people by degrees of devilishness according to the lightness of their shin?
MAICOLM X: I don't worry about these little technicalities. But I know that white eo-
ciety has always considered that one drop of black blood makes you black. To me, if
one drop can do this, it only shows the power of one drop of black blood. And I knw
another thing - that Negroes who used to be light enough to pass for white have teen
the handwriting on the well and are beginning to come-back and identify with their own
kind. And white people who also are seeing the pendulum of time catching up with them
are now trying to join with blacks, or even find traces of black blood in their own
veins, hoping that it will save them from the catastrophe they see ahead. But no
devil can fool God. Muslims have a little po about them. It goes, "Une drop will
make you black, and will also in days to come save your soul."
PLAYBOY; As one of this vast elite, do you hold the familiar majority attitude toward
minority groups - regarding the white race, in this case, as inferior in quality as
well as quantity to what you call the Black nation."1
MALCOLM K: Thoughtful white people know they are inferior to black people. Even East-
lsnd knows it. Anyone who has studied the genetic phase of biology knows that white is
considered recessive and black is considered dominant. When you want strong coffee,
you ask for black coffee. If you want it light, you want it weak, integrated with
white milk. Just like these Negroes who weaken themselves and their race by this in-
tegrating and intermixing with whites. If you want bread with no nutritional value,
you ask for white bread. All the good that was in it has been bleached out of it, and
it will constipate you. If you want pure flour, you ask for dark flour, whole-wheat
flour. If you want pure sugar, you want dark sugar. - . - -
PLAYBOY: If all whites are devilish by nature, as you have alleged, and if black and
white are essentially opposite, as you have just stated, do you view all black men -
with the exception of their non-Muslim leaders - as fundamentally angelic1._
MALCOLM ll: No, there is plenty wrong with Negroes. They have no society. They're
robots, automatons. No minds of their own. I hate to say that about us, but it's the
truth. They are e black body with a white brain. Like the monster Frankenstein. The
top part is your bourgeois Negro. _He's not interested in his poor black brothers, He's
6PLAYBOY: According to bf} --ies considerhd definitive, ven's-f-ether,-Johann; .
I""" """";' --**-'s;*-'- _=nq'______ _.-|-sq. _ ._.4a_-""7""
care and eat the cnespeso=rooo. iney act more like tne wears man roan ens unite mandoes himself. These ari it ones that hide their sympat for Hr. !hheed's teachisgs
It conflicts with the s mutt from which they get their men's crumbs. Ibis class
to us are the fence-sitters. They have one eye on the white nan and the other eye on
the Muslims. They'll jump whichever way they see the wind blowing. Iben there's the
middle class of the Negro masses, the ones not in the ghetto, who realise that life is
a struggle, who are conscious of all the injustices being done an of the constant
state of insecurity in which they live. They're ready to take some stand against every-
thing that's against them. How, when this grou hears H. Muhammad's teachings, thy
are the ones who come forth faster and identify themselves, and take immediate steps
toward trying to bring into existence what Hr. Ihahacsrad advocates. At the butts Ill '
the social heap is the black men in the big city ghetto. He lives night and day with
the rats and cockroaches and drowns himself with alcohol and enesthetises himee1£_I1th
dope, to try end forget where end whet he is. Thet Hegro has given u all bope.' Ia:
the hardest one for us to reach, because he's the deepest in the mud. but when you get
him, you've got the best kind of Muslim. Because he makes the most drastic change.-
Hes the most fearless. He will stand the longest. He has nothing to lose, even bis
life, because he didn't have that in the first place. I look upon myself, sir, as e
prime example of this category - and as graphic an example as you could find of the
salvation of the black men.
PLAYBOQL Could you give us a brief review of the early life that led to your own
"salvation"?
'l_IAl'f!92I'l_|l V, f92I_alI-- T --_- Li.-_.._ 1.. f92_.I.- _ lib... Ill illl _ LR11-|92-'92"-Al e " l"I I II DUI-ll ll-I ill Ull II, l7 LFLJI lsII.92Il LI Eli IDDULE
of my mother's mother having been raped by a white men. I hate every drop of white
blood in me. Before I e indicted for hate again, sir - is it wrong to hate the blood
of a rapist? But to continue: Hy father was a militant follower of Marcus Garvey'e '
"Back to Africa" movement. The lensing, Michigan, equivalent of the In Klu Klan
warned him to stop preaching Garvey's message, but he kept on and one of my earliest
memories is of being snatched awake one night with a lot of screaming going on because
our home was sfire. But my father got louder about Garvey, and the next time he wee
found bludgeoned in the head, lying across streetcar tracks. He died soon and our fem-
ily was in a had way. we were so hungry we were dirry and we had nowhere to turn.
Finally the authorities came in and we children were scattered about in different
places so public wards. I happened to become the ward of e white couple who ran e ccr~
rectional school for white boys. This family liked me in the way they liked their
house pets. .Ihey.got me enrolled in an all-white school. I was popular, I played -
sports and everything, and studied hard, and I stayed at the head of my class through
the eighth grade. That sumer I was 14, but I was big enough and looked old enough to
get away with telling a lie that I was 21, so I got a job working in the dining car of
a train that ran between Boston and New York City.
On my lsyovers in New York, I'd go to Harlem. That's where I saw in the hari all
these men and women with what looked like the easiest life in the world. Plenty of
money, big cars, all of it. I could tell they were in the rackets and vice. I hung
around those bars whenever I came in town, and I kept my cars and eyes Open and my
mouth shut. And they kept their eyes on me, too. Finally, one day a numbers men told
me that he needed a runner, and I never caught the night train beck to Boston. Right
there was when I started my life in crime. I was in all of it that the white police
and the gangsters left open to the black criminal, sir. I was in numbers, bootleg
liquor, "hot" goods, women. I sold the bodies of black women to white men, and white
women to black men. I was in dope, I was in everything evil you could name. The only
thing I could say good for myself, sir, was that I did not indulge in hitting anybodyover the heed. I
PLAYBOY: By the time you were 16, according to the record, you had several men working
for you in these various enterprises. Eight?
HALCdLH.X: Yes, sir. I turned the things I mentioned to you over to them. And I bed
a good working system of paying off policemen. It was here that I learned that vice_a.92-- ls. bk; ---I-l
and crime can only exist, at least the kind and level that I was in, to the degree ths¢T
the police cooperate with it. I had several men working and I was e eteerer myself§_n
I steered white people with money from downtown to whatever kin of sin they wents 1l:
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. =9.,,..you what I noticed here .;- my best customers always e officials, -the top
police people, businessme ¥fpoliticians and clergymen. I '* er forgot that I met all
levels of these white people, supplied them with everything they wanted, and I saw that
they were just e filthy race of devils. But despite the fact that my own father was
murdered by whites, and I had seen my people all my life brutalised by whites, I was
still b1ind_snough to mix with them and socialise with them. I thought they were gods
and goddesses - until Hr. Muhammad's powerful spiritual message opened my eyes and en-
abled me to see themes e race of devils. Nothing had made are see the white men as he
is until one word from the honorable Elijah Huhannad opened my eyes overnight. __'. ta.» -
g]._:§g_s__0_'r_= When are this happen? - :;¬;-
Q/_:-ICOLH X: In prison. I was finally caught and spent 77 months in three different?
prisons. hut it was the greatest thing that ever happened to me, because it was in
prison that I first heard the teachings of the Honorable Elijah Mhmmmad. His teach-
ings were what turned me around. The first time I heard the Honorable Elijah IhhlI-
mad's statement, "The white man is the devil," it just clicked. I em a good example
of why Islam is spreading so rapidly across the land. I was nothing but another oom-
vict, a semi-illiterate criminal. H. Hhhammad's teachings were shle to reach into
prison, which is the level where people are considered to have fallen es low as they
can go. His teachings brought me from behind prison walls and placed me on th podi-
ums of some of the leading colleges and universities in the country. I often think,
sir, that in 1956, I was sentenced to 8 to 10 years in Cemhridge, ihssachusetts, as a
comon thief who had never passed the eighth grade. And the next time I went beck to
Cambridge was in March 1961, as s guest speaker at the Harvard Law School forum. This
is the best example of Hr. Hhhamad's ability to take nothing and make something, to
take nobody and make somebody.
EIAYBOZ: Your rise to prominence in the Hslim organization has been so swift that a
number of your own membership have hailed you as their articulate exemplar, and many
anti-Hslims regard you as the reel brains and power of the movement. What is you
reaction to this sudden eminence? . '
§§§§pLM X: Sir, it's heresy to imply that I em in any way whatever even equal to Ir.
Huhamad. No man on earth today is his equal. Whatever I am that is good, it is
throughwhat I have been taught by Mr. Hhammad.
2}§¥BOY: Be that as it may, the time is near when your leader, who is 65, will have to
retire from leadership of the Muslim movement. Many observers predict that when this
day comes. the new Messenger of Allah in America - a role which you have called the
most po erful of any black man in the world - will be Malcolm K. Bow do you feel about
this prospect? ' '
§§L§0LM X: Sir, I can only say that God chose Hr. huhammad as his Messenger, and Hr.
Muhamad chose me and many others to help him. Only God has the says0. But I will
tell you one thing. I frankly don't believe that I or anyone else am worthy to succeed
Hr. Muhammad. No one preceded him. I don't think I could make the sacrifice he has
made or set his good example. He has done more than lay down his life. But his work
is already done with the seed he has planted among black people. If Hr. Muhammad and
every identifiable follower he has, certainly including myself, were tomorrow removed
from the scene by more of the white man's brutality, there is one thing to be sure of:
Hr. Muhammad's teachings of the naked truth have fallen upon fertile soil among
20,000,000 hlsch hen here in this wilderness of Horth America.
PLAYBOY: Has the soil, in your opinion, been as fertile for Mr. Hhsmad's teachings
elsewhere in the world - among the emerging nations of black Africa, for instance!
MALCOLM X: I think not only that his teachings have had considerable impact even in
Africa but that the Honorable Elijah Hhammad has had a greater impact on the world
than th rise of the African nations. I say this as objectively as I can, being a Hus-
lim. Even the Christian missionaries are conceding that in black Africa, for every
Christian conversion, there are two Muslim conversions. _
L51§OY: ight conversions be even more numerous if it weren't for the somewhat strained
lations which are said by several Negro writers to exist between the black people ofHarl. I didn't care hey wanted. knew' where tqr-. thn' to it. And .I'.t-all '
Q$35? 92cs and America? -
'~§].~'<T==;=.gH__ W; X: Perhaps. You see, the American black man sees the African come here and
} {Q75} e the American black man can't. The Negro sees the African come here - gr '.".'!.-..'-9.". -."_ 1.1:". 'J'.'~:? "1-;--;~-adfl-.~ . ,'-ya.-__._;---_"T'. __: _ - .~ - _- .e _. . .... --. ..-~-_--.___,_
'9.
... __"" , ._: _- _ <____- _1,___., -_ H1. , _ _,:,,_.._~,_A _7_____1:,,~¢§_with s sheet on and go {pee where the Iegro - dressed 1 he a white man, talkipg_likeirwhite man, sometimes lthy as the white men - ca: ilhen 1' traveling
around the country, I us ';q real Muslim name, Helik 5 F I make my hotel reserva-
tions under that name, and I always see the same thing I've just been telling you. I
come to the desk and always sea that "here comes-s-ligrp" look. It's hind of a re-
served, coldly tolerant cordiality, But when I say "lalik Shabass," their whole atti-
tude changes: they snap to respect. They think Im an African. People say what's in a
nae. The'1arican black man is seeing the African respected as a human being. The
African gate respect because he has an identity and cultural roots. lut moat of all
because the African owns some land. For these reasons he has his human rights recog-
nised, and that makes hie civil rights automatic. -
PLAYBOY: Do you feel this is true of Negro civil and human rights in South Africa, where
the doctrine of apartheid is enforced by the government of Prime Minister Virwoerdl
§{_kL_C0l.l1 X: They don't stand for anything different in South Africa than hsrica stands
for. The only difference is over there they preach as well as practice apartheid.
America preaches freedom and practices slavery. America preaches integration and prac-
tices segregation. Verwoerd is an honest white man. So are the Barnetts, Paubuses,
Eastlands and Rockwells. They want to keep all white people white. An we want to
keep all black people black. As between the racists and the integrationiata, I highly
prefer the racists. I'd rather walk among rettlesnekes, whose constant rattle warns
me where they are, than among those Northern snakes who grin and make you forget you're
still in a snake pit. Any white man is against blacks. The entire American acnnny is
based on white supremacy. Even the religious philosophy is, in essence, white suprem-
acy. A white Jesus. A white Virgin. White angels. White everything. But a black
Devil, of course. The "Uncle Sam" political foundation is based on white supremacy,
relegating nonwhites to second-class citizenship. It goes without saying that the so-
cial philosophy is strictly white supremacist. And the educational system perpetuates
white supremacy.
PlA!BY: Are you contradicting yourself by denouncing white supremacy while praising
its practitioners, since you admit that you share their goal of separation?
§@§§0LM X: The fact that I prefer the candor of the Southern segregationist to the
hypocrisy of the Northern integrationist doesn't alter the basic hmmorality of white
supremacy. A devil is still s devil whether he wears a bed sheet or a Brooks Brothers
suit. The Honorable Elijah Muhammad teaches separation simply because any forcible
attempt to integrate America completely would result in another Civil War, a cata-
strophic explosion among whites which would destroy America - and still not solve the
problem. But H. Muhamad's solution of separate black and white would solve the proh-
lem neatly for both the white and black man, and America would be saved. Then the whole
world would give Uncle Sam credit for being something other than a hypocrite.
PLAY§Q!; Do you feel that the Administration's successful stand on the integration of
James Meredith into the University of Mississippi has demonstrated that the Government-
far from being hypocritical - is sympathetic with the Hegro'a aspirations for equality?
MALCOLM X: What was accomplished? It took 15,000 troops to put Meredith in the Univer-
sity of Mississippi. Those troops and $3,000,000 - that's what was spent - to get one
Negro in. That $3,000,000 could have been used much more wisely by the Federal Govern-
ment to elevate the living standards of all the Negroes in Mississippi.
PLAYBOY: Then in your view, the principle involved was not worth the expense. Yet it :-
is a matter of record that President Kennedy, in the face of Southern opposition,
championed the appointment of Dr. Robert Weaver as the first Regro Cabinet member.
Doesn't this indicate to you, as it does to many Negro leaders, that the Administration
is determined to combat white supremacy?
MALCOLM X: Kennedy doesn't have to fight: he's the President. He didn't have any fight
replaging Ribicoff with Celebresse. Ha didn't have any trouble putting Goldberg on the
Supreme Court. Ha hasn't had any trouble getting anybody in but Weaver and Thurgood -
Harshsll. Be wasn't worried about Congressional objection when he challenged 0.8.
Steel. Be wasn't worried about either Congressional reaction or Russian reaction or
even world reaction when he blockaded Cuba. But when it comes to the rights of the
Negro, who helped to put him in office, than he's afraid of little pockets of white
resistance.
PLAHBOY: Has ggy_American President, in your opinion - Lincoln, FDR, Truman, Eisenhower,
Kennedy - accomplished anything for the Negro? 9
-%rr¥%v?r**<'**" ¢"-.,. . . . ._ -_ --_.-._ - _ ...-92-.-.--..;,;_-_- .¢ -. ,-~. _-,, . A. Juli:-=1-I '"r, ~~»~=~.;-1 ~33 -a @:¬:92._ .- ; < ~~ e -
MAQQDLM X: None of them have ever done anything for Negroes. All of them have tricked
the Negro, and made fal 1 cr es to him at election ti -; h 92 they never fulfilled.Lincoln's concern wasn'r,__" n for the blacks but to Jnion.
PLAYBOY: Wasn't the Civil War fought to decide whether this nation could, in the words
of Lincoln, "endure permanently half slave and half free"?
QL£!ZgLj£; Sir, many, many people are completely misinformed about Lincoln and the
Negro. That war involved two thieves, the North and the South, fighting over the spoils.
The further_we get away from the actual incident, the more they are trying to make it
sound as though the battle was over the black man. Lincoln said that if he could save
the Union without freeing the slaves, he would. But after two years of killing and
carnage he found out he would have to free the slaves. He wasn't interested in the
slaves but in the Union. As for the Emancipation Proclamation, sir, it wa
document. If it freed the slaves, why, a century later, are we still batt
civil rights?
ELAYBOY: Despite the fact that the goal of racial equality is not yet real
sociologists--and many Negro commentators--agree that no minority group on
made as much social, civil and economic progress as the American Negro in
years. What is your reaction to this view?
HAsCOLM K: Sir, I hear that everywhere almost exactly as you state it. Th
the biggest myths that the American black man himself believes in. Every
ethnic group that has come to this country is now a genuinely first-classs an empty
ling for
ized, many
earth has
the past 100
is is one of
imigrant
citizen
group--every one of them but the black man, who was here when they came. While every-
body else is sharing the fruit, the black man is just now starting to be thrown some
seeds. It is our hope that through the Honorable Elijah Hhhamad, we will
the soil to p1ant the seeds in. You talk about the progress of the Negro-at last get
-I'll tell
you, mister, it's just because the Negro has been in America whilaggerica has gone for-
ward that the Hegro appears to have gone forward. The Negro is like a man on a luxury
commuter train doing 90 miles an hour. He looks out of the window, along with all the
white passengers in their Pullman chairs, and he thinks he's doing 90, too
gets to the men's room and looks in the mirror--and he sees he's not reall
anywhere at all. His reflection shows a black man standing there in the w
of a dining-car steward. He may get on the 5:10, all right, but he sure w
ting off at Westport.
QQAYBGI: Is there anything then, in your opinion, that could be done--by e
or blacks--to expedite the social and economic progress of the Negro in Am
ggggggggg; First oi all, the white man must finally realize that he: the
committed the crimes that have produced the miserable condition that our p
He cant hide
past and present-with extreme and uncompromising resentment. He cannot h
guilt by accusing us, his victims, of being racists, extremists and black
The white man must realize that the sins of the fathers are about to be vi
the heads of the children who have continued those sins, only in more soph
ways. Mr. Elijah Muhammad is warning this generation of white people that
are also facing a time of harvest in which they will have to pay for the c
when their grandfathers made slaves out of us. But there ig something the
can do to avertthis fate. He must atone--and this can only be done by all
men, those who choose, to leave this land of bondage and go to a land of 0
if he doesn't want a mass movement of our people away from this house of b, Then he
y getting
hite uniform
on't be get-
ither whites
erica?
one who has
eople are in.
this guilt by reviling us today because we answer his criminal acts--
ide his
supremacists.
sited upon
isticated
they, too,
rime committed
white man
owing black
ut Own. But
ondage, then
he should separate this country. He should give us several states here on American
soil, where those of us who wish to can go and set up our own government,
economic system, our own civilization. Since we have given over 300 yearsour own
of our slave
labor to the white man's America, helped to build it up for him, it's only right that
white America should give us everything £5 need in finance and materials for the next
0: - - - - - Q--III A-sun 4In_Iw92 In-I-An In pk; PA -ran.-I lea Ilvn .--ml spa I D-can Jan-ab--moan a._J-=J JZQLI QIILLI, Jill 92J'_lI III!-L92-Ill LG IIILC D! IIIZI-I92I U l|Is_ LGGQO OIIGII I-L ll: "¬I§=lll Ill."
phere is attacked by outside enemies, we would have both the capability and the motive-_
tion to join in defending the hemisphere, in which we would then have a sovereign stake.
The Honorable Elijah Hhhanmmd says that the black man has served under
all the other peoples of the earth at one time or another in the past. Heit is now God's intention to putgthe black man back at the top of civiliza
he was in the beginning-before. dam, the white man, was created. The worlthe rule of
teaches that
tion, where
d since Adanhas been white--and corrupt. The world of tomorrow will be black--and righteous. 10
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gggi 1: wulies urinal; gun control II you pridi-CI, 4° you plan to bestow
"53; trosdq on white people!
gggggg It's not a ease of whet we do, it's a case of whet would Cod do with whites.
what does e Judas do with the guilty! lithe: the guilty atone, or God executle
judeions-" ill oi ielorvi-es!-:-§- u iiii
Ieedliae - The on... n....u1=. amm, M. A-9.
"B9 "ll AP - lop. _ C. Ihwell, I-erlas Dnocrat, yesterday called tor a legs-o -boycott of the htilssociatioss {or the Adveacneot of Colored People on the srwwl
the organisation. he tee is high positions.
Powoil told 1,5 persons? attending a lumen rights crusade rally" that lsgroea
should boycott all Ile racial-political organisations "not totally controlled by us."
"lqthimg we get," the Iogro coogrssnan said, "we will have to light for, to seise
for scoelvos. Us will invade the white man's heaven, tho United States."
lo hlcola I, a Ilack lluslia leader, as a iriend end added: "Be any he e
elect sli-I, and there is a ditlorenco of views. But his is not a subversive organi-
satim."'-"... "Rue HAG! has white people in high places. We should boycott it. lie
should bqcott all leadership or the black masses not totally controlled by us."
There are no Iegroes in the be:-ican Jewish Congress, or in the Iationsl Organiza-
tions oi Italians, and show lo a black Irisllean it you will.
"He should all work together and fight together and boycott together. l'hero's e
greet day cmin|.".....
"iI088I' RACE ,RI_.O'IS SE§Il_,_I!_lglASH1IFI" - Headline - Chicago Triburn, ly 6, 1963.
"Hashing!"-On, Hay 5 - lap. A-dam Clayton Powell, the controversial Iew York Democratic
congressman, today predicted one of tho worst race riots in history will occur in
Washington unless two things happen. The riots will occur, he asserted in _r-arts at
the Shiloh Baptist church, unless: l. The social factors which produce racial tensions
are rmovod. 2. Unless the Iegro camnunity, "particularly the upper and middle class
group, arouses itself to a new involveaeut with its less fortunate, economically ea-
ploited and emotionally deprived black hrethsn."
Powell, who is pastor oi tho Abyssinian Baptist church in New York, referred to tho
fact that llelcoln 1., the Io. 2 leader or tho Black liualims, is transferring his activ-
ities to Washington. lie said Malcolm I. is moving fttll New York to the capital because
there is no leadership here, and added:
"I warn white America now that the 'hate white, black nationa1iats,' 'l'h.:elia move-
ment,' will rapidly increase unless the white consnunity rapidly makes way for full
cquality."....
"B1AC!<_@$!_-I34 Lganttirtaxs 011 u._c. CA!-iPUS'f - Headline
American Civil Liberties Union NEWS, San Francisco, Nov. 1963. Io. ll. Pg. 3:
""11 1 ! I II F rh IT Ir "1-nllsn snnasaee-as-or u-a I'Ine;.a| t angle one Ila. Tlosles re -----.- -, --.--- C- ___ -...-.- .-.--. -.--t-..e.... --. -..---- -.- -,--- -.-. --- --.-. --California campus in Berkeley last month at a Slate-sponsored forum. He discussed his
organization: views on racial problems in the United States.
In 1961, the University, over the objections of the ACLU, barred llcolls I as a cm-
pus epeaker on the grounds that he was appearing as a minister of his religious faith
and would be espousing hie group's religious views. Under the University's charter,
sectarian activities are forbidden on the campus."
NOTE: The ACLU of Northern California in 1961! along with 161 faculty members
of the University of California at Berkeley, protested the cancellation of a
talk before the NAACP chapter of Helcola X. The ACLU has been very euccessful,
also, in lifting the ban at various campuses throughout the country on Coassunist
criminal ~"speakers who subtly arouse the sympathy of our youth toward the C.P.
_ iiii
Though HM: does not make a practice of quoting from a magazine such as PIAYICR,
the toregoing article was brought to our attention and we felt it was interesting and
important. Us hope you have found it interesting aloo-
hr the past tow months BC has been unable to publish additional bulletins because
oi leek ol financial and clerical support. Ila were forced to close 0|-I-I-' 01:11?-I IQ"?
erilly but were resolved to tarry on our work in one way or another.
Io wish to take this opportunity to thank all those who have taken the time to
write such wonderful letters appreciative of our work - and you who have continued to
lupport us. llany of you have sent us various articles and we could not acknowledge
receipt. To all or you we wish to convoy our sincere thanks.
-:&le, £ri:%
HM! IACI8 Is. 7 - 15¢ postpaid
1.____ h , ___ _ __ _ __ , enclose I____to further the wort of Ill-'1¢°Pl Ml"!-I0!-Y
Council "IlC92_ - v~------"~rian, nonprofit, o-la:-.;.;o:...T. .....; -_..-.....Za ...,an1i'-6'-lilh
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by the FBI, but it was apparent he did not mean by this" that he .-i
would furnish pertinent R01 information except that which by - "
its nature would be public. It would appear that soon benefit E. Y1?
night be derived iron in specic instances
such as £or thereeson in also it appearsbs
could be contacted tor I01 demonstra-
tions, rallies, etc., in theerent this information is not ava_il-_"-
able through other sources._--4 .. E " ,-- e92 -.
' _ The NYO does not contemplate any additional contacts
with L1Zl'1LI at this tins as there appears to be no benefit "<.'1;_..;
to be derived therefrom. However, in the £uture,' essnming I-It'll!-I,
is re-insteted in his former N01 position, consideration will
be given to recontecting|L'1'I-1:. in such instances as _s_et out l_- aborve; Y e _ ; . n
The Bureau will be advised of I.-1'I'ILE'B status in the _
H01 __as_ well es any contemplated recontact of LEPILI. ._j v -- ; V
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~*~; A He stated that the NOI cooperates with the United_ _ M-W7 ,-»:....'.u..- -._ii'A._,;¬.l|...I--v-|92._-_;_;'l.l..,t.::.:.,.__-_~__.__.-,1-.,.,Z.!..392;.i.;-..,_,_., .3-,-,.,.__~_--3 _,. a , ; _..,-' : ._ . . I . '- ..- - - 5 '- -- - Q I-'-_r -.3 X 5,5 ' 5 .._.' ~:_.,.-.'~. . ,- 2| .._ -_. -.- . -'-._-_ '---- - -.92-- V -- - , _, . -- _ 1y_ _-, 1.» --_ -- -'q;___ - ._ .- n-i_ , - -.-.-_- * ._._. .___ * .;- -=. -==:»7'I- =".£92'.1-"'*-'--~'.5 .'*=-1-13-' 5'» .~"L}~*'L'}""*"'.~Y%'-'_~.z*,,* *'_<.,"i -.1-_~,--|"¢§l'#'¬~ If-T'*'-"~'r -' J "P._ -- "._. ,-I-_'. - -__-_: ~ __,:, _ -. -:-' -L. ._:. ' -. .-._- '~,f9=-s-.;;.'-,;¢.: - -F, 12.,-92" .¢_=;, -' iii _' - ,-. . s-ls-_;_,_-. .. _ n';'§_;:'£'_ .:-'. '_-33",}-'. _ .- -, _ _ -. .- . V V .- - t. 92-._-_-_ 1-_.. ,,_._92. __I_,; .-u-.v,.- e-.; _;92_,,.. _ 1-;_ gym ._ - -.,_r_-92;,-41, .,*'_ A: i-e,-3:-.-.--".,_ - ;~. .,-,,-':~, " K -': >4---,-'-.1--e"A.=.-'~l~1"_-_.-Q...i-...l-,92-_-'-'-L -:.a..aR- ~ ----:-=--4l-*---e-~'-
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Malcolm Little advised he is generally known as '.
Malcolm X and resides at 23-ll 97th Street, Queens, New York 1
City. He stated that until sometime in December, 1963 he 'was the llinister in charge or the Nation or Islam N01 llcsque
is Net iorx tity l-n lleoer, 1:193, no was suspended ty-
B1i_1ah Muhammad from his duties. He would not say the reason
tor his suspension or its duration. He stated that any comment
on this would have to come from Elijah luhaunad.
He stated that his suspension from duties caused his
to reapprsise his loyalty to the N01 and lliJah luhanssad He
stated that because of his suspension, he is now more tirnly
devoted to EliJah Muhammad than ever. He pointed out that
his suspension f!x"¬rv ii that the rules oi the xiv? i-Wu? to
everyone equally I-le stated he is in no way bitter towards
Elijah Muhammad and that anything that might have caused his
sus ension w e ti hi i
tea Government more than any other Negro organization
in that the H01 stops members from smoking, drinking and
oohhltihg crises she sshy other things whioh result in i
benefit to the United States Government but which the Government
is unable or unwilling to do itself Because of this, the NOI
is the only group that really benefits the Negroes. He pointed
out that other Negro groups do not have a program which will
enefit the Negro and eventually the Negro will realize this.
is stated that when the Negro realizes that the Government, -
rhite people and so-called Negro leaders are not really helping PI Eathe Negro or obtaining for the Negro.-2 the things which he wants
"'11 C '- -or should have, then the Negro will start helping himself to
r things. He did not care to explain this except by stating
at that time there could be a great deal oi trouble.
He stated that the so-called
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* person he considered a Ilegro leader. He reiterated t-hate. p
- cooperating with the Govemment in view ot the principles of the
N01 but to suggest any other means or cooperation was an insult ._ .
1 to his intelligence. He stated the teachings oi the ROI are A '
public and are well known to the Government. He stated he;had'-
no information concerning membership ct the ROI. either as to
numbers or names and even it he did have such intonation, __he e
was not disposeito furnish it to the Government. s -c I-" =-'-if.-_-Y P
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He stated that he would have no objection to
contacted by the Federal Bureau of Investigation regarding-r. .
demonstrations or other public affairs contemplated by thd -. ~ _
N01. He stated he realized that in the past the H01 has been
blamed tor a number of incidents tith which the; were, in tact,not involved. He stated he would be most willing to be contacted
in order to clear up any such possible misunders ending. _-' »;- '7
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Qi___92_ Q.IL.I_§_ ¢.I__j__. I__ LLL __L .I__.I__L .l__ QPIHJGOLII Ln]-'FU.L3 BUB-DEG. DB Ulll 11015 UUBZLPU FD
possession which might be pertinent.
He stated he had beentle Minister 01 Nation or Islam£1201!, Mosque Number 7 in New York city until sometime in
cember, 1963, when he was suspended from his duties. Since
that time, he has been forbidden to speak at public meetings.
He stated he is generally known as Nalccln X.
He stated he was not in Rochester, New York, on -the
evening of January 11+, 1961;, and has not been in Rochester,
New York, for approximately six months.
International Hotel at John F. KennedyOn the evening of January ll}, 1964, he was at the
International Airport,
New York City, continuously from about 7:00 p.m. until 2:00 1.11..E15, 19%. He was, during thiscamnanqr mi A I Q Q1 A-er Q meal leg allure I 1|lluluil 92-IL 21¢ J51 G "i L U? I-lg Qentire period, in the -
Q1|nv92'I nu-urns R19 I-In; nnnllnie I§92l B UIIY P6539; Pn . .
Digest _and w{I;t"h6mJhe Is corroborating on a book. Hr. EEK,
tuvrrct Malcolm X, was registered at the hotel. At about 2:00 a.lI.
January 15, 1964, Malcolm X went to his car, which was in the
hotel__parJcing lot and drove to his home at 23-ll 97th Street,
l Queens ,
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Mr. Haley had planned to sleep at the hotel and check
next day to return to his home in Rome, New York, on the
or-January 1.5, 1961!. Malcolm X has not seen Haley sinceW9. _ ' "
Malcolm X stated he di an one b the name
He stated, to his knowledge, the NOI has never hired
.' e to do any type or research or to conduct any type or
ey on the Negro community. He stated he is sure he never
_ D oved argr such hiring. ' Y
I-Ie stated he ha never made any statement indicating
aware or any plan to assassinate President Johnson and
jha any such thought would be contrary to the teachings ct the NOI.
FF23-11 97th Street .
queens, New York city NY 62-13121
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id;-em information or Louisville, subject, usually F
known as %6GI-ii 1', is the mnister er H01 1ernple #67, Fit, 1
who is temporarily under suspension by ELIJAH MUHAMMAD tor ~ 1remarks he LIT'1LE! made concerning the death or former
aPresident KENNEDY at an ROI Rally. s
The 2/20/54 edition or the "He! York Herald Tribune,
a daily newspaper published in New York, NY, contained an
article on page 9 indicating that subject was currently in
Miami,-Florida to attend the heavyweight fight on 2/25/64
between CASSIUS CLAY and SGNHY LISTOH.
It is noted that during January, 196b, subJect and
his family were the guests of CLAY in Mami, and it is p
that subject will probably attend the fight as a guest of
CLAY. Because of his suspension, subject cannot be expected
to make any appearance or statement as an ROI representative.
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-_ . ' moloaea herewith tor the Bureau on the original.
and five copiea of a rm: relating to IMLCOLII I. 1-I'I'I'I-Bil I
status within the N01 based on hi: Ill! ion. 1'80 eopieoor this mil aroxbeing furnished to botgmgnieago ._j _,ePhoenix. - e . .u .- .- -
In view oi the information set forth in thil
LHI-1, Chicago and Phoenix should remain alert for any . _change in the suspension status oi I-I'I'1LE or in bio Y"
relationship with the N01 itself. .. A - ..
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._ rrsnznn. nuuw or INVESTIGATION - _. _:5-',:N":_"' "'~b' ' h New York, New York '-J 6
February 27. 1961* ¥§{¥.§@-
Nation of Islam
Internal Security - N01
The February 26, 1964, edition of The new York
Times", a daily newspaper published in New York, New York,contained an article on page 39 caotioned "Malcolm X's
Role Dividing Muslims", datelined Chicago, Feb 25". -
* The article indicated that Malcolm X, New York
leader of the Black Muslim movement currently under -
suspension by Elijah Muhammad eculd not attend the 'national Nation of Islam N01; convention on February
26, l964, .
The article claimed that there was a struggle
for power in the N01 being waged between Malcolm X and
second-echelon leaders at the N01 headquarters in Chicago,
who fear that Malcolm X will inherit the movement on a
national basis if he is not curbed,
The article further stated that it is believed
that Malcolm X has set next Sunday March 1, 1963! as
the date for a decision on his place in the MOI. According
to the article, Malcolm I feels that "unless he is restored
to his former activities, he may return to the national
scene in a manner that would make his previous efforts
pale by comparison,
The article stated that the delaying tactics
in determining Malcolm X's future by Elijah Muhammad,in whom all authority is now vested, reflects a-reserve F
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Ration of Islam
about the dynamism Malcolm X-wants to put into the movement
Further, Muhamad is reportedly holding himself aloof from
the struggle between Malcolm X and the Chicago headquarters
because he is aware of Malcolm X's national standing,
although he has been nettled by the national spotlight
focused on Malcolm X.
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NiTI3N FF ISLAM
In January, 1957, a source advised ELIJAH
Bwmihas described his organization on a nationwidebasis asuthe "Nation or Islam" and "xhhammad's Temples
of Islam ,
On July 10, 1963, a second source advised
ELIJAH MUHAMMAD is the national leader of the Nation or
Islam N01!; Muhammad's Temple of Islam No. 2,5335
South Greenwood avenue, Chicago, Illinois, is the natio
headquarters of the NOI; atdiin mid-1960, MUHAMMAD and
other NOI officials, when referring to MHHAMMAD's organization
on a nationwide basis, commenced using either "Mosque" or"Temple" when mentioning one of "Muhammad*s Temples of-
islam ,
The NOI is an all-N=gro organization which was
originally organized in 1930 in Detroit, Michigan, MUHAMMAD
claims=to=ha:e been selected by Allah, the Supreme Being, tc
lead the socalled Negro race out of slavery in the wilderness
of North America by establizhina an f~iese §ent black nation
in the Uhited States. Merl--= Iuilowing hUHAN¥AD'3 t==°h5H8Band his 1nterpreeer1;e.or the "Koran" believe there is no" '
such thin; as a Negro; that the so-called Negroes are slaves
of Lhc white race, referred to as "white devils", in the T
United States; and that the white race, because of its
exploitation of the so-called Negroes, must and will be
cestreyee in the approaching "war or Areageeaon",
he past, officials and members of the NOI, In t
including MUHAMMAD, have refused to register under the
provisions or the Selective service Acts and have declared
that members owe no allegiance to the United States.
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NATION CF ISLAM
On May 5, 1958, the first source-advised MUHAMMAD
had, upon advice of legal counsel, tempered his personal
statements and instructions to his ministers concerning
the principles of his organization in order to avoid
possible prosecution by the United States Government;
however, he did not indicate any fundamental changes in
the teachings of his organization.
On July 10, 1963, a third source advised MUHAMMAD
had early in July, l958, decided to de-emphasize the
religious aspects of the teachings of Islam and to stress ~
the economic benefits to be derived by those Negroes who *
joined the NOI. This policy change, according to MUHAMMAD,
would help him acquire additional followers and create
more interest in his programs.
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- Date: My__.__.pv--'-J *#q¬¥%L_¢
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Transmit the following in _ _ I if 1 ' _e - :-
~ Typo in pldo us: or coda!
Vic A IR_'-IBLL e 1 a a_ W , H eA1*. -- , -' '§
i 40| . * Prnmuy!
-111-111111-u1v.-_11-|-;_1--n-1-u-1111- 11111-_¢-5
10:" n11=u:c'ron, _ FBI 00-399321! 1 -
mom sac, mam mm: 05-$999! P!
SUBJECT} mncom 1c.Q1m'1a, akaIS-N01
{00:I1'Tx'}
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captioned "ROI, IS-N01". *
NGI~and-organize1 party , and that
rights movement. 1
I y /1 F15 .1 3-I hurgatu Encls. 6! RM!1 -' 11- 25-as-'.">9'.='1! 'I~i@I! 1
1- New Orleans 1! Info RM!Y ,l 1- Phoen§g9 ,. -, 1- 105- NOI.»"i {PI I 1- 105-Z999 III12 NO
I-I12 .
' QENCLOSL-I31; _ M/g 0 1954 W hi == IIEIIBM IEEWISSIFIEII
"la I,
Iillck arid!Ap?1'OV8d:__, _ _ ~ Sent _ ____ or _..;_....;..._. "P-=e°1"*"=**"*"="' !$J,7fFOne copy of this letterhead memorandum is
for the information of Chicago and Phoenix in NOI ma
gut
I 1- Chicago 00-3 35! NOI! Enc1. 1! Info! RH!
I! EncI. 1! Info! RH! -
AIIIEIT' J
cc 10:.../1.-S_M......REQ. nsc'o.o<'a9-'6#-
MAY8 1§l
L _z<';- -~-
-' ReNYairte1 and letterhead memorandum, dated 2/27/511,
Enclosed herewith for the Bureau are 6 copies oi
a letterhead memorandum relative to the announcement by
subject on 3/8/64, that he had decided to stay out of the
a politically oriented black nationalist
he would actively par-ticpate in the civilI
/W
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' 7 One cop} is being enclosed for the 1n:¢ia;:1»a o{§i~
new Orleans since subJect indicated he has accepted ancrrii '
t invitation to help_a civil rights.committee in Plaqueminsag.
Parish, Louisiana.
to this which comes
proptly furnished.
mation on subject'sany additional information relativef
to the attention of the RIO will bef
_ < . . _ _ ~ , - _ -_-.1 92 .., --- .....- - 92 92 .1 ; _ _' I - 14 ,
-92New Orleans should furnish NY infor-_
participation in any civil rights - ,*sj
activity there, if an when it_occurs.j;: - a, , J=,. I. "4»..!._:»-; '
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_ _ For the information of the Bureau, the N! é@5@£;.f
on subject is being placed in an active status, and_subJect!s_
activities will be closely followed in regard to the ore, §;?~ Z
ganization of his own party or group and its supporten5"_gj";;
Ho organization file on subject's group is being opened'f" '
at this time, since to date there is in fact no organization.
when the group is officially named and located, consideration
will then
gobe given to opening a separate organizational case,
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Malcolm K. Little
1. APPENDIX
RATIO IF ISLAM
In January, 1957, a source advised ELIJAHMUHAMMAD'has described his-organization on a nationwidebgsgslgithe "Nation of Islam and "Muhammad's Temples
o s ,
an July 10, 1963, a second source advised
ELIJAH MUHAMAD is the national leader of the Nation of
Islam N01!; M1hammad's Temple of Islam No. 2,5335
South Greenwood Avenue, Chicago, Illinois, is the national
headquarters of the NOI; anddin mid-1960, MUHAMMAD and
other ROI officials, when referring to MUHAMAD's organisation
°n R &t10WQde basis, commenced using either "Mosque" or;T:mple" when mentioning one of "Muhammad's Temles of-
s am ,
The NOI is an al1~Negro organization which was
originally organized in 1930 in Detroit, Michigan, MUHAMMAD
claims to have been selected by Allah, the Supreme Being, to
lead the so-called Negro race out of slavery in the wilderness
of North America by establishing an independent black nation
in the United States. Members following MUHAMMAD's teachings
and his interpretation of the "Koran" believe there is no
such thing as a Negro; that the so-called Negroes are slaves
of the white race, referred to as "white devils", in the
United States; and that the white race, because of its
exploitation of the so-called Negroes, must and will be
destroyed in the approaching "War of Armageddon",
In the past, officials and members of the NOI,
including MUHAMMAD, have refused to register under the
provisions of the Selective Service Acts and have declared
that members owe no allegiance to the United States.
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on Hey 5, 1958, the 11;-so source advised. !l_.1!I;l_l!!i3
had, upon edvice or legal counsel, tempered his personal
statements and instructions to his ministers concerning
the principles of his organization in order to avoid
possible p92oseoution by the United States Government;
however, he aid not 5.ndi'este-e~ iiithe 1=oe'on1ngs92=Q|:: organization.
on July , 1963, s. chard source advised mrHArs-mn
had early in July, 1956, decided to de-emphasize the
religious aspects or e teachings or Islsn; end to stress
the economic benefits to be derived by those Negroes who
Joined the NOI. This policy change, according to MUHAMMAD,
would help him acquire additional followers and create .
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Mr J Edgar Hoover
Washington, D C
Dear Mr Hoover
I am a great believer in locking the barn before the
horse has been stolen Seems to me that this X bird has already tncriminated
ed Obi it wnuld he a . _ himself Note incircled news naner statements inci;-cle_ m_a____, _- -_.__ ..- _' good idea to have a secret undercover agent to join up with this evil intended fellow
before his revolution ars I won a letter writingQ contest undid and my theme was_ ve and rd our recious eri our four fathers placed in for us to poser gua pa our care
My grand£atheriought 4 years in the Civil War from the Volunteer State
d foot now a days is pitiful, Tenn! The way some people trumple our heritage un er
I have read ypdre articles in sundav magazine and know vou are in tune with goo...
forces above
Best regards
2
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it waaio:-ming_a"Black a-
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J"iEere can be no
tion without bloodshed. and
it la nonsense to. describe the
civil fllhll movement in
America an a revolution
Malcolm GT1-1
last December as New York
leader oi the Black Muslims
iaiter a
said resident Kennedy:a$ was a eaae of
the chickens coming home
to roost." - u -*
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that broken completely Iii-h_
the Black_ Muslim group,
which has kept out oi the
ngm tor integration end!concentrated on creating a-.' ...-»
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Date olllail Ll " V-9292 _
I-Ias been removed and placed in the Special File Roorn of Records Branch.
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Subject _ eeirunrgnnrc 9292_$_,;33592§ 4LT]
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M emoranaam r-
= Hr. llohr _ mm-;= March18, 1964 [W1 n. FROM = C. D. DeLoach U 1/ 3"...
@ .swan-:c1~= MALCOLM! 7'
BLACK musuus
_ v
-- , I: , I/ _ I 7' _- Last even1ng; the "§_e_y_r_'Y_orl: Journal _Americun_'j_ inNew York City telephoned and . He referred to the statemeli made9 by Malcolm X, who broke irom the Black Muslims, encouraging Negroes to procureQ arms and become members of rifle clubs so as to take part in acts oi violence.
asked ti Mr. Hoover would comment on the audacity oi Malcolm X tn this
IWick toldthat Mr. Hoover was not ln the oiftce at the time
therefore, we could not be of he an Mr. Hoover would have no comment togmalre.
.~ I :- For record purposes. __
92
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- Mr. Tolson- M;-_._ Belmont W!- Mr. Sullivan '
- Mr. Evans 7- Mr. Rosen
~ Mr"-
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9/
--_ to MAR 1319 - , .1:-~ '?»9292929292&-193 a K ?i ---REW:geg
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MT0:
FROM:
SUBJECT:
copies, and for Chicago and Phoenix
_pf_a LHM relative to the appearance
subject on WNDT television, channel
which he discussed his break with the N01.
in stating he _g p _to the MOI, and he still considered himself a h}l Muslim and a follower of ELIJAH MUHAMMAD. 6'
I C E -_-, Bureau Encls. BHRH!d -25-33UQ71! NOI!
- Chicago 00--35535! NQI! E1'LC1. 1! INFO! RH!
PhOehiX 05-93! NOI! EI'lC1. 1! INP°! RH!aaaaaaaaaa --B*M#%
DIRECTOR, FBI 00-3_99|321! '
SAC, NEW YQRK 05-8999! ' ' .
.- I | 7 ~ ,Q! i "" 0¢'r0:..'..?{§ .... ..
rmncom-1 K. TTLB aka REQ. R801!, ,4,-7_¢_-;,¢_
§§o2~§ { MAY8 1964
;IL §§§a¢ H. _
nil-£4
3/915%
Bureau are six '
one co each PY 9
on 3/9/BB, of
13, NYQ, during .ReNYa_irtel and IBM, dated
Enclosed herewith for the
It is noted that LITTLE was quite specific
was not settin u a. rival organizati
- New York 05-TBOQHNOI! '- New York 92 _ '
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- proposed new organization, and in fact left the_inpression.
that his_future.activity based on a black nationalism-,;v.i
philosophy would be more in the forn_ ' of a 'cause 5L" '*-11 r:---.1 3.]: _- - :.~ ~' - ' 1
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then an organization-.~~ff ' ___--E --" ;-:-;_-T.,- -1-'-. ;,-- ~.-.. ,
-- '- r~. - . , _- .. 1- --- no appears to have renewed _ _ K
the "N01 line" thatcompleteg, separation -is. the i- _ .-_ _ .._ . ._._.r_.1. I V __-_.p I I - * . ; ~-I _:__ iv , v _- _ 5. 92- , -. , _ - - 1-L - -- _ I _ - . ' . . _his harrangoe of ,.¢
only solutionito the race problem, while at the sane time
assuming a contradictory position of making Hhself1@:, ff 1
available to
integration. that he willcivil rights_groups who are seeking if_ >-
However, in the latter instance he clains.}¢
seek to convert Negroes from non-violence. -
to active self-defense not retaliation! against white__.-
supremacists
efforts.. _ __ -..gg_ -'
e
s
0
1' 1 ' ' who attack them in their civil rights .;_=:__
It appears that LITTLE has in effect ended
his own suspension by deciding to speak on his own __
"outside the H91. "His "line" has not changed from _-.=,
that used as the official spokesman of ELIJAH . '1?' *
MUHAMMAD prior to his suspensions._ He has, also, ;_;. .
apparently tried to leave the door open to permit 3 *5
ELIJAH to welc
uwmwfu
his former pap
take him back5
Th;
§lI92|Iome him back into'the N01. In fact,»
1 that by speaking out he can regain v,
ular status and thus force BLIJAH to
into the NOI in his iormer position.
. g I , _. _
above observations of the HYQ are beingfurnished to the Bureau, Chicago and Phoenix for ' _
their information. .- ~. l . _¢= ¢;"f.;f§;. J1. --
.1 . _The
monitored by
- . _92_ ':t.$' -' -
_q___92__ :_ ...._' CLOIBLY in an
- aims, his sup
if he will or*1 ; _ _-.. -f- " ._ . '14" ~'-u ' ' '-.this mu was _
and hag been taped _'
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1:--_ - -. Q ' -efzort to determine LITTLE: lHE:dl£te,iy§5. 1 II-- . " . The no is continuing to follow this matte__1;w_<;--1;-.
Porters if any, and also to determine = - -
will not establish a de facto organization.. . _ . _ ,
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_ u __. i .____ .
e U STATES DEPARTMENT 0£%USTICE
. - - rsnsan. susnv or INVESTIGATION -"-
New York, New York fI¢~-~
a . e--.,.-M": "-l-i"- March 11,19614 it
Malcolm K. Little .
Internal Security - Nation of Isle:
A characterisation of the
Nation of
on Harch 9, 196%, from 10:00 p.m. to
10:30 p.m., Little appeared on the news commentory
and interview program "The world at Ten", television
station HNDT, channel I3, New York, New York. He
was interviewed by z~mn'1 commentator Joe Durso
relative to his announcement on March 8, 196R, that
he had split with the H°l9
During the interview Little specifically
pointed out that he was not setting up a rivalorganization to the N01. He stated that Islam was
st 11 his religion he still believed in Allah, hestill considered himself a follower of Elijah Muhammad,
and he still considered the separation of races as
taught by Muhammad as the solution to the race problem.
He advised that he has decided that the best way to .
serve Muhammad was to stay out of the NOI and work on
his <wn with non-Muslims. This way he will be free of
N01 restrictions that previously kept him from reaching
all Negroes, and he will urge them to follow Eliiah
Muhammad. He added that he can now do what "he"
thinks is necessary to enlighten the peoph toward
Muhammad and Islam. He stated he intended to teach
a political, economic and social philosophy of black
nationalismt
".5-7;
This document contains neither recommendations
6 nor conclusions of the FBI. It is the propertyofdtg: FBI and is loaned to gguziageggyé gt W_,___h__,_T. _ ,_ Q: _i_ are not to str u e= - » ' e t~.emnc~.;%¬i-it-1¢..2¢Z31»!EII..y.
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Malcolm K. Little
In regard to the current civil rights move-
ment, Little predicted that thestrugg1e would "explode"
in 196w and expressed the inion that youn Negroesnow willing to do anytggng for integratgo. He
ls that if they are not protected in this activityn they must defend themselves from racial supremacists
n if they must take up arms. He specifically pointed
that he was not urging or teaching retaliation, only
self-protection. As an example he cited the unsolved
bombing of a Negro church in Birmingham that resulted
in the death of four girls, and it was his opinion
that Negroes not specified!, should solve this and
other such wrongs and execute those responsible.are
fee
the
eve
OH t
Little stated that he was only interested
in freedom, justice and equality for Negroes. He
added_that they have not gotten it by being polite,
he feels that they should now get angry.and
In regard to his suspension by Muhammad
in December, 1963, for his remark concerning the
assassination of former President Kennedy, Little
advised that the suspension was not for the remark
itself. He explained that the suspension was for his
disobedience to Muhammad for making the remark,
since Muhammad had told him not to comment on the
assassination. e further stated that the suspension
was originally for a 90 day period, but he recently
learned from Muhammad that it would be for a
indefinite period. Consequently, he decided to stay
ut of the N01 and speak out on his own.
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1. APPENDIX
NATION-IF ISLAM - _ ;_F&_§,,?$'- _..a~ sqgr I":4 I-¢
. .ggéig-'
i 'Z»...-- - '.' '
In January, 1957, a source advised ELIJAHMUHAMMAD has described his organisation on a nationwide
basis as the "Nation or Islam and "Muhammad's Temples
of Islam",
on July 10, 1963, a second source advised
ELIJAH MUHAMMAD is the national leader or the Nation of
Islam ROI!; Muhammad's Temle of Islam no. 2,5335
South Greenwood Avenue, Chicago, Illinois, is the national
headquarters of the NOI; endin mid-1950, MUHAMMAD and
other MOI officials, when referring to MUHAMMAD's organization
on a nationwide basis, commenced using either "Mbsque' or
" "Temple" when mentioning one or "Muhammad's Temples ot-
'l'n'l oases"L-Dal-G-Ill .
The MOI is an all-Negro organization which was
originally organized in 1930 in Detroit, Michigan, MUHAMMAD
claims to have been selected by Allah, the Supreme Being, to
lead the so-called Negro race out or slavery in the wilderness
of North America by establishing an independent black nation
in the United States. Members following MUHAMMAD's teachings
and his interpretation of the "Koran" believe there is no"
such thing as a Negro; that the so=callsd Hegroes are slates
of the white race, referred to as "white devils", in the
United States; and that the white race, because or its
exploitation or the so-called Negroes, must and will be
destroyed in the approaching "War of Armageddon",
In the past, officials and members
including MUHAMMAD, have refused to register
provisions of the Selective Service Acts and
that members ose no allegiance to the United
0of the MOI,
under the
have declared
.Q'l~..o'l':nn .give-Q l-I92-III
at-Q§
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1&5 "2'. Arrsmmc
NATION OF ISLAM
.01 May 5, 1958, the first source advised IIIHAIIIAD
had». upon advice or legal counsel, tempered his personal
statements and instructions to his ministers conceming
the principles oi his organization in order to avoidpossible p921§§:tion by the United States Government;
2 .however, he d not indicated-any-£u.r|d-smental changes in
the teabhin s his organization
01 Julkn, 1963, a third source advised MUHAMMADhad early in July, 195%, decided to de-emphasize the
religious aspects of t e teachings of Islam andto stress
the economic benefits to be derived by those Negroes who
Joined the ROI. This policy change, according to MUHAMMAD,
would help him acquire additional followers and create
more interest in his programs. ._
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end this nan hed talked to IAIIIJLI lest night end hed tound
- out IALOOI.-I hed not released the telegram to the press but
decide whether he should or ILIJA
oul ive1= they lb d not : _e "little yipping puppy that hQ¢I.lIIO&"
oi! at the aouth end el..n'l.'e ha nuae heiere - V- .59
the public all the tine._. ]_ , I
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ELIJAH IIUEMIJIAD his nan had " d
and had jtlt given hie the highlights
of the press conference. The following conversation ensued, -standing £or_.nd I standing for BLIJAH IIUHMIIIAD
Emnoom am release the telegram but e;' '._ if '-' r_.,
paraphras t saying he was pushed out He is setting up his'own mosque which would he celled "Iluelin Ilosque, Inc6r®§§tQd"M
IALOOLI was asked it this wouldn't conflict with Iuhemude .1
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Irnv;e and hm FQ ='Ings_r. the-I: if that Iaqwnsaj1&0 1 1:-| it 1It|<l-Q6 -Is wit- Q3 GIIIIU Iltrrltir
have to be an he wouldn't take any of IUHAIAD
this statement and IALOOLI said 'Ir. Iuhallad could not '_ -.-_?~""-
reject his because the laws oi Islaa state that it he looked on a perscn as a spiritual leader that person nust ¢l,;IIaccept his as a follower.
I ~ In this case in the Hnly Koran, that is the
Bible and guide, it says "it those who will not listen to -
the Ieesenger of God, of Allah, and will not iollow what
Allah has revealed to his, those Allah will not guide then,
they become lost spiritually." ALLAH will not accept than
unless they follow his apostle. IUHAIIAD then asked who '
IALOOLI was in cooperation with, adding he certainly was not
cooperating
cooperation
-- On Sunday, IALCOLI is to hold an open rally
at 8:30 p.a., at 145th and Amsterdam. He is to appeal tor
members. In a press release that lmL¢OLI issued he is '
asking tor college trained people to cone in and is setting
up units for then. Following the rall on Sunday, he isto go to Pennsylvania place not given; to neet with three
oi the people, leaders who are to help his. IALOOLI also was
asked_yho=was responsible tor pushing'hin out and his answer
was "certain ctiicials". He stated the Iuslia Iosque r
will draw all the recruits it can get at this meeting tron the
community and it will accent on youth. IALCOLI stated he will
travel extensively throughout the country. IALCOLI stated
he feels Negroes should are themselves for self-de£ense.,
MALCOLM was asked how long he was planning this and he M '
refused to answer. HAL£0LH stated he has no political Y
ambitions and has no intentions of running for anything}
MALCOLM refused to name any oi the leaders in the uslil ' ,
iosque,lncorporated. iAL0Li indicated it was an internal
conflict inside lUHAMAD's group that made it impossible
for bin to carry out his functions. J ; __with the Orthodox Iuslin and he was not in .
with us.
I - HUHAIMAD stated IALCOLI was just a small
person wanting to get publicity and this is the way he is
going about it. He will not be successful. A new,» _ _ - _ .92 t . -2-~'= ..4._ _.r___.__, ;=_.__,e.-:F.¢e_ -_-t~,- -1..-'"._-._ ,. _ ., . I _, _ ¢,l . ._. , .. ._4 -__ _, ,__.,_ _ . _ -__ _ _..1. . ;_ __ .._ . ~ - . . -1'. _-'-'.' ' " - .._ .1:-QT-2 1 .: -33,-'. .-. _.:_a;", *,|"'--"._' _-3 _- -- »;- 0 _Yn5"."- nv_;, '.a;_='.|'i~*-F-' 92. _.-'.-__ .-~~..92 ' . -_- ¢_-__='. .-I.-_":,_-1'». 1'-, .:--..- '.-*-.' .,.-1,_=_- -"Jr .1-4'; . f ' '-;=_. 3 _ . ~':- - -. ~.-~.Z-:"?*rre=:'1921*%.I-;»;<;;;;,:¢.*L<.3i'* .-4». *1; N 11- <'""-¬:F; " '. ..' -. --.- I - .- .--.- ._':- ""- - _- --- ' .~- _ _ '. -. ~.._, _,.- A C... -. _._92_-5,. 1- ' , 7|. Ir: r -.._-. -15:-_ r__.-I;-___-:-:_L.__;__1$q,5m¢"{::¥::!£::3p§;::i'| 92 . ¬: ;-:;_? -.. - ..'.-1,-zw .__~;-- . =. F5. ,_- .,< _ I-_» . _- -.:_- .. _~1-:,@.,_- ,_.;.;, 54- - -;. -. -_ 3.1.-.5193----_ ..> 1- - -.--. .. ' . ..--.' .= I-' .-_".-1*. I . T.-~"- .-5. "- _Z.',--":-.- J.--I--4-'1' '1":- §;'* .- '-.'-E -}."3---.'5._. {:5 -:"!"§'--."='--.;,.w. '."<§ -5. '~11--92.~ "4:fPl-51;; '_':'_'.:_'¢, _.;r_'.*_;',- .-_ ,,-- _f .= ._ :_<..I '-_,___l-51,1; -?,i;,L_'-..'f-'_'._%-i;§57'_ LI ;'=_§'-*1?-.-7'-"ii 52¢-*'__ '-- ~' _ -""5_ 41* "' '- . .-
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away. uwonl =1.-111 clails to be a follower oi uusunn.
IALOOLI was asked if his actions didn't contlict or-contradlqllé>
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. 1. V
i 92 , - " j_ _ _cc too-asses - 1; - >
asked 31.1.1111 Iumailan what arree _ p _
IAIIJOII wou have on IU!iAIIAD'a people now that he is l?-i.-:f_= ,._='m L A.-.toraing his own Plualia Ioeque, Incorporated. Illllllll
replied that he did not think any oi hie people would if101101 uwoza. aummn ll;l.1'.Od can the young ma u
acting iooliah and he added that he would not aake blic," QQQ the naae oi the aan who would replace IALBOI-I. ' ' '"
1., _
old ELIJAH IUEAIMID
that meet at the
Theresa Hotel in for
that toso they would answerw
any q t cone up. thought thiswas a good idea. 92| o _
- *7. 92
Pertinent intornation set forth above waa ' T
furnished to the Bureau and New York by teletype} epeciticallv
that reference to IALCOLI'e formation of the Iuslin'1
Mosque, Incorporated, and of the meeting in New York
City on Sunday night, 3/15/64. 7
92
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- 'ro= nmmctron, FBI
' mom: sac, nnw YORK 00-152759!
SUBJECT: MUSLIM nosqtrs, mo.
IS - I
0:NY! _ Zr
Re NY teletype dated 3 2 4 ti d bov=nd NY airtel with LHM dated 3/9§%4f6¢5p§§§5e§"5nA§3o§n xf
§°'Bureau Encls. 8! gm!! - _,£1-25-330911! N01 CD - --100-399321! mncom LITTLE! - ' _, 1-.-.92929292 -=2-Baltimore cla. 2 RM! -."+*r92-"-.'-.. i -!'-.'-_--92,|_'92_.!-- M.92_m*.-'If=' ,: ;= - ~"
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Enclosed herewith for the Bureau are eight copies,
or Baltimore, Chicago, Philadelphia and Phoenix two
pies each or a LHH concerning a press conference held
.-=ALJ£.L.~' It L..'i'ILE in FIG, on 3 -2, 5'4, in e-hie he
announced the organization or his new Mosque captioned M
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new organization were being sent to 23 11
, East Eimhurst, Queens, NY, the residenceI"
of LITTLE
The above SA3 observed rive apparent ROI mmberl
who were with LITTLE, four or whom were identified and
set out in the LH1! The apparently were a part orLITTLE's new Mosque and §aI3 6?! 1?RhBN appeared to be
MALCOLMs first assistant although he denied holding any
title or position The other four uhen questioned would
only reply no comment"
with the exception of who is on the SI
of the NYO, the others were not he su _ect of active
investigation since they held no official position in the
ROI They and their tile numbers are
NY am Bfile
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- me or th t cowas wmnxm uonmr whobtwas also observed s. con erence in conversa on h
LI'1'I'LE and HARDEI.
ue sources utilized the LEM are set forth
below: uh
The 1.814%: not classified since the intonationfurnished by the a ve sources would not tend to identity
them.
In view of the fact that this organization has beenformed by LI'I'I'LE, has attracted some HOI members, and has
similar tenets to the N01, the NYO has opened a case on it.
The activities of this organization will be followed-and
the,_ Bureau kept advised UACB.
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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT or JUSTICE Hi.k
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T .- 15*; E-*1 , , - rsnsnn. sussm or INVESTIGATION W J.
_ iflieu York, New York _',§,,,'§_" """""' March 13, 19614 "' W W
I-Taslim Mosque, Incorporated
Internal Security - Miscellaneous
On I-torch 12, 1961:, Malcolm K. Little, known
generally as Malcolm X, held a press conference st
11:00 a.m. in the Tapestry Suite or the Perk
Sheraton 1-Lotel, Avenue end 55th street, Yerk-
Hew York. Approximately 50 peI'8On8 attended the
conference.
Malcolm K. Little
oi Lzstion oi lei-an I-391!
Mosque I-lumber T, Hem: York, New York,
and a national representative or
Elijah I-Tdllarmaad who fulfills speak-
ing engagements throughout the
' United States for the latter.
The December 5, 1933, edition of
"The New York '1i-.nes", a daily
newspaper published in Hen York,
New York, contained on article
on page 22 indicating that 1'-ialcolra
X had been suspended by Elijah
I-Iohemmad. The suspension was hosed
u This document contains neither recoursen
dations nor conclusions of the Federal Bureau oi
Investigation FBI!, it is the property oi the
FBI and is loaned to your agency; it and its
contents are not to be distributed outsideyour
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Muslim Mosque, Incorporated
on a remark at_Ne=.~: Yo:-2: City on
December 1, 1903, by Malcolm X to
the effect that the assassination
oi President Kennedy was an instanceoi the "thickens coming home to
roost.
The I-Iarch 9, 1961:, edition of "ue
New Yorlc Times", on page one, con-
tained an article which reflected
that on I-larch 8, 1961», Malcolm x
announced that he had broken with
Elijah l~I111a:1a.1ad and the Nation oi
Islam H01!. The break was the
result of his continued suspension
from the MOI, and he indicated that
he "Jould or;-ganize a politically
oriented 'ol¢..cE: nationalist party",
A characterization oi the NOI and NOI
I-1os:._ue Number I, iitil ii
I-ialcoln X opened his press conference by
reading; a tele;_;1jara he had sent to Elijah Iizhzmmad
on I-Izzrch 11, 19511. In this telegram he indicated
that he had not left the NOI of his ozm free rill,
had pressured out by a conspiracy between Cap
Joseph Gravitt! in New York and national NOI
officials at the nicago i-ie:;d-quarters oi the WIT.
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Mullim HOSQUB, Incopporated
. . 11000211 oravitt
Q adv1ed on E-iarch 9, 1961:,' hat as of that date Joseph
Grevitt was the Captain in charge
of the Fruit of Islam F01! or
£19} Mosque Ifunber Vi, New York
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Malcolm X continued his press conferenceby reading; a prepared statement, the complete
tezzt ef -=:1~.1=z~. fellows:
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Muslin Mosque, Incorporated
"Because 196R threatens to be a very explosive
year on the racial front, and because I mself intend
to be very active in every phase of the American Negro
struggle for HUMAN RIGHTS,I have called this press
conference
…[truncated]