ACLU Part 03

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Aclu Part 03

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FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
FREEDOM OF INFORIVIATION/PRIVACY ACTS SECTION
COVER SHEET
SUBJECT: American Civil Libefties Union

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. » ~ . _ . - &#39; _- . . _ _ . g D K|v|_sR_|cAu c_|v||. LIBERTIES umow, 1_1o |=||=n-| AVENUE. u"ew&#39; You "fol,noes: N. uuawm e » ERNEST ANGELI. ARTHUR GARFIELD mus _-p &#39; rnnlcu wuuwv ilklnuChum. N09! Comm. _ Ohms, I&#39;d of Directors MORRIS L. ElN$I&#39;_ &#39; &#39; Engyy. [Q],-cg;-ij; < &#39;   &#39; Counsel  &#39;    _"-
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1:Okcqen S-5990 . ~,, l  &#39;  Alan llolhaon. Public Relaenn DliefprWeekly Bulletin #lss3_ I   March &#39;2,
_ l _ ACLU Aslgs PPQOBE or POLICE BRU&#39;1A_LI&#39;IfY_P_ACT gnmw YQRK err; _
 i ACLU has askedfor an investigation into the alleged secret pact between__the§&#39;
I Justice Dept. and the New York City police whereby the&#39;FBI would observe a hands-poiffp policy when charges of brutality against New -York policemen were raised." &#39;_
31- &#39; According to the New York _92&#39;{or1_d:_I_e_leVg;-_a;11_and Sun, which disclosed the allegedagreement, investigation of such cases was to have been undertaken by the city polilce&#39;3 themselves. The paper charged that the arrangement had been madegby PoliceY sioner&#39;George Monaghan and the former chief of the Justice Department&#39;s criminal&#39;5%*{&#39;-F
p division, James P. McInerney. when it was made known to former Attorney General 77"?.¬.i»
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&#39;- . &#39;- ; "£47 -2;_James_B._McGrannery_in_January,_said-the-newspaper-,the-agreement-wasabrogated-$E¬§In a letter to Attorney General Herbert Brownell, ACLU&#39;s executive directoi},-&#39;A*§&#39;Patrick Murphy Malin, said: "We, of course, have no way of knowing of the accuracy-gY of these reports, but the source is so well respected that it seems to us that
charge should immediately be investigated.....We urge that you ask the grandsoon to probe the brutality charge against the New York police, to investigate, alsio-_;whether or not this agreement was in fact entered into and if so, whether it was~&#39;a1-<»_violation of federal law." _
~ Malin&#39;s statement, joined in by the New York Civil Liberties Union, conti1&#39;_i11§f,__,_  "The World-Telegram and Sun&#39;s disclosure only highlights what is a growingy liberties problem in our city - police brutality. In 1950 the NYCLU investigatedx A0 different complaints; this total was doubled in 1951; the past year has seen1 marked reduction in the number of cases coming to our attention. It is diff1cultl_F;C-£5obtain data relating to pending civil damage actions against the city resulting; police brutality, false arrest, or other abuses of police authority; but a conservaé;-"I tive estimate is that they amount to more than $3,000,000."_ - Y __/&#39; . . __ ..,&#39;f_ I, iii/ &#39; - -. &#39;.
E lleged pact. The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People i"1 ACLU is only one of many civil groups that has demanded an investigatiovnmiofe
nether organization seeking a federal investigation. _ A &#39; . &#39;  ~
l Meanwhile, a federal grand jury in New York has been reviewing bmtalityffehiargt1 against New York police.  _    ~ &#39; ~   1&#39; T g.UV _ _ . 5 __ . _ _  _ - __I_ _- I-.~¢ . _ . _, - . .. .4 . _ - - . , » - .&#39;_- - -~ r &#39; - . ~ .&#39; -.. ...» .,-;~ l . &#39;1 e < 1 . .. - .- ~.._ --._ . . _>. -  . --__~,¢,A~;_. Ii
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. i *"~ ACLU IN_ @IC_AGO PnEss2s&#39; FIGHT AGAINS_T "THE MIRACLE"
.. ,....&#39; ACLU has now gone into Cook County circuit/court_ to get Cl_GEl»1<i!1C§3i_!fQ§ _shg&#39;w&#39;i.ngsin Chicago of the motion picture "The Miracle_".=- ~;-f,&#39;1=?.5.i-_-&#39;.~&#39;..-   &#39;1-&#39;-1"
__  In a suit filed against hnyor it-{artin H. Kennelly and"Timethy J.&#39; _acting commissioner, of police, the Chicago division of ACLU asked the court to dqplnrxcunconstitutional the censorship provisions of the city&#39;s municipal code. Thetogether with Charles Liebman, had asked for a permit toishow the -film, but were-}&#39;L~§§j,. :2, p. __ ._ _&#39; _ Iva!. _»_ _ V |_T&#39;:__"v_ - _;:v_._:;_-:-_:._4~. . 1:. . Z ._ iv?  .

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&#39;~ The U. S. Supreme Court held last spring that a New York State ban against,f&#39;;~;.;,¢-"The Miracle"--on_ the grounds that it was sacrilegious---was unlawful eensorshiprj 13$.
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. Ox-{IQ _UN-Ai_:EBI_CAN ACTIVITIES CQMMITTEE&#39;; MAKES REPORT 2 _ g  -
In a report to the state legislature, the Ohio Un-American Activities Comn1i_sj-1-l;,<;sion has called for some of the toughest anti-subversive legislation-yet proposed..3§;;fThe commission, which went out of existence on December 31, also asked the lawmakers}?to revive its investigation into Communist operations in the state. __-&#39;. ., _r
The strongest proposals of the commission were those calling for laws that ,-_
would make it a felony, carrying a penitentiary sentance, to:  l! help form, contri-&#39;5bute to, or knowingly remain a member of a subversive organization; ! commit or __aidany act dedicated to violent overthrow of the state or federal government; ! destroyrecords or secret funds of subversivegroups.  1~_ &#39; ._  - &#39;1  VL . . _ . _ _ - 92 ._ .> 5 - ..,
The commission went on to stress "the clear and present danger of the_CommiinistParty" and asked for laws to dissolve Communist organizations, bar Communists and7__§;>,-"
members of other subversive organizations from holding special privileges or licenses,
and make refusal to testify about Communist activities prima facie evidence ofmunist or front-organization membershipo &#39; A w   w .&#39; A  &#39;
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I4v --.11.,_.~>refusing to say whether they were or h&#39;aIdb&#39;e&#39;en_Communists.Sofar7sevenofthe¢+fg§;§;witnesses have been indicted by grand juries. The commission has estimated that-&#39;the_i&#39;eare about 1,300 Communists in the state, "  . »   Q-_ g_ f ,_,_;_;&#39;,.,_"*.f*:>.<*~:.v_; . ACLU groups in Cincinnati and Cleveland have strongly criticized the proceg 1-32".and tactics of the investigating committee. The Cincinnati branch, after themission reported, asked the legislature to end the commission&#39;s activities an<1"a_¢,~;e§;=investigate the latter&#39;s "strange and unAmerican conduct". It called for an indlufryto determine why the ccnnission released testimony of a witness "in reckless disréé-gard of the liberties and lives of the people who might be adversely affected thereby"It also requested an investigation to cover the role of legislative investigatingf_.§1committees in our society and the development of procedures and safeguardsagainst repetition of civil liberties abuses. . A - _
J ~U.S.____COU_R_T sums cogggasiimgm com-;_I&#39;m~:1a Pb&#39;BLICI&#39;I&#39;Y_ gmx ;=_rm_J_u_1p_IcE &#39;ra1A1,f§~
One of the more unusual legal» decisions of the past few months has _comeI-ff_&#39;the U.S. Court of Appeals in Boston. In effect, it _says that if&#39;a _congressional=.iinvestigating committee looking-into corruption stirs up nationwide publicity agata government official already under indictment, that official may get an adjournmc _of his trial in order to lessen the danger of prejudice to him. - i7 _  3], .1
The court&#39;s ruling came in a case involving Denis W. Delaney, one time s¢&#39;e>_1.,i¢;c,l_
tor of internal revenue for the district of Massachusetts. Delaney was indictedSeptember, 1951, for receiving payments aimed at influencing his decisions andfo_r,~ &#39;making false certificates of_the discharge of tax liens. &#39;1" fr,  v_ ~ 5.;-,  g. _.  _
I - . ~ > _- . .,  _  H -Ii In October of the same year, the House Subcommittee on Administration ofInternal Revenue Laws - the so-called King Committee - began hearings focused on_~.th§f§charges against Delaney. Many of the witnesses called were those who had_testiJfiI§5fl:,.§before the grand jury. Inbaddition, the investigators dug intoiother aspects o1:{_Delf*.ney&#39;s life, among them an alleged bankruptcy and a chargeof embezzlement;Although the testimony against him had wide publicity, Delaneyjwas neither,_called;&#39;no_rinvited to appear before the cormnittee. _ .=.  F  7._ , +&#39; _1-"    
f Because of the adverse pressreports ,n¢1.-my asked for, andfgot, apostpog§_¬;_-_¬ment of his trial - for one month. However, his petition for a further delay;wa§&#39;7§_}turned down by n district court. -  7 . T &#39; - "   - &#39;;   ,&#39;
= . - .~ _. p . _ _  _;  :~ ;;_;- ~This, said  court of appeals ," was anerx-or, Delaney should havether continuation to give the furor a chance to die down; v  _1
A; _ The court made its ruling not&#39;as_"a matter of constitutionallaw,what it thought to be proper supervision of procedure in federal courts~1°¢}5i°n might mt apaly to cases, involving people indictedor3:-iies, or when proceedings are held in state courts. &#39;And1th&#39;e_¢notour? .

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supmm _coua&#39;r REFU_S_E{S--_RlJVIEw or CALIFORNIA vwamcy Lip, *" . 
The UQS. Supreme Court has refused to review a @és&#39;£"¢5;é,e brought byI:ACLU&#39;ft;?i,itest a California vagrancy law that defines a vagrant as &#39;a "_dis_solute person". - The;, high court&#39;s action was based on a procedural point. .    7 - - . .".-:;;;&#39;-<&#39;_i_&#39;.§i-f.&#39;;
The case _involved Isidore lidelman, a Los Angeles political, economic,"religious orator in Pershing Square, who was arrested in September, l9b,9, on a com-Nplaint under the vagrancy
for an "idle, or lewd, or
after having been charged
found him to be a lawless
indecent conduct, or used
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The ACLU Southern California affiliate argued before the Supreme Court .~statute. This statute imposes a fine and/or :Imprisomne&#39;nt_,dissolute person"; The jury returned a verdict of guilty,by the judge to consider Edelman as "dissolut_e" if they
person on the basis of his having begged, or indulged_in
slanderous, vulgar, and profane language, Q ,
.the law is loose, uncertain, and vague, and therefore unconstitutional. But Mr, 1&#39;7,Justice Clark, writing the 7-2 majority opinion, held that this defense had not beenraised early enough, appearing for the first time on appeal. He contended thatdi5fmissal "of the appeal by the California Supreme Court could have rested on adequa.tYa:-"f&#39;_*1&#39;state grounds, not involving the federal constitution. Justice Clark su&#39;ggested,"~"92.-however, that a writ of habeas corpus might now be filed to test the constitutional;/tof the state law. » " * 1 . 3 - -   7-3- - _ -&#39; r
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Appellate Court of California to review was in itself a denial of due process of,-law.Pointing out that_the legislation was obviously unconstitutional, Justice Blackfff *"}f_insisted that "courts should be astute to examine and strike down dragnet legislation
THE HOUSE UN-AMERICAN ACTIVITIES COMYITTEE by Professor Robert K. Carr, 1,89 pages,&#39;i§:;§%_Cornell University Press.  .used to abridge public discussion&#39;"**<"&#39;, pointing to the fact that the major reasoi_1&#39;v1!§§rEdelman&#39;s conviction was the content of speeches he had delivered in public.  L.
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This is another contribution to the excellent series published under the"The Cornell Studies in Civil Liberty", made possible through a grant of the Roc}gei&#39;-if?feller Foundation, &#39; &#39; ~""
Prof. Carr traces
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EQUALITY B_Y STATUTE by Morroe Berger, with a forewardpublished by the Columbia University Press. &#39;  &#39;press treatment of its work,activities. The book ends with an evaluation by Profthe history of this controversial House committee since":il/T; F5?in 19145. Examined against a generalbackground of Congi-es
are the committee&#39;s pcrson&#39;f§&#39;e].;,iand court review of its
Carr of the committee&#39;s record.the areas covered
by Robert VMac_Iver,_ 238 pagefs_&#39;;92-  1 :- &#39;_~.~;,, - tv 5»,.4.,-a _1- .»._,-~ -&#39;1~~."v
. . S . " &#39;~-.-:1:&#39;- =-- A. p A valuable contribution to the literature on the problem of dis&#39;crimination,anc?i?
segregation. The author compares civi]. rights today and during the Reconstruction 1:.»-4~"_ 5Period and discusses the role of. the Supreme Court in tw.o_perio_d.s,Tl868-193.7 __m&#39;1ld 7&#39;3 .i1937-1950, in meeting this issue. One chapter is devoted to an analysis of the92?_:New York State Law against Discrimination; there is also la general, discussion of_*;§l}e.,! control of prejudice through law. _
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- &#39;Faculties_themselves can be counted on to cleanse their ranks. However,membership in the Communist Party or any other organization which gives explicit.instructions "to betray their professional trust is prime. facie evidence of pro1&#39;_es&#39;_-I-1}-&#39; },_sional unfitness. &#39; » &#39; ~ - 1  -&#39;   1. ._ . :- " F " _§" i..:f .&#39;{"&#39;,7
&#39; "Those unthinking individuals who miscall themselves liberals, and who believe.that anything goes in the academic world until the teacher is ceught&#39;in the &#39;act_ of &#39;_iindoctrination, and those inquisitorial individuals who cannot distinguish between  _ 7education herosy.....and educational conspiracy, are equally the gravediggers of»academic freedom." V _ . -» . - &#39; "_§~,__" _" I  _- p _  &#39;.;.~;*,,
_0live,r_ Pila_t,_fe_&#39;ature_ writer, The New York Post: Perhaps 1.00 to 500 artists,~;are directly affected by radio-TV blacklists. Networks, agencies, and sponsors allf."use blacklists with varying severity. "Former collaboration with a Communist front","¥;the usual cited reason for blacklisting, may come close to subversion or mean nothingij......The worst part of the situation new is that a person accused_..-"may not kn&#39;ow&#39;j"of the accusation, or if he receives a hint of it, may be unable to face it, orclearance on factual grounds." _ &#39; .  -  .  "
Y_incen,t Ill-__H_a/grltnettico-au_tl1_or of "Red Channels":_ There is "blacklisting"iri&#39;_the entertainment industry today--occasioned by the very__.tactics of the Communistmovement. _:- -- - ; y __ _ _ g H g _ A &#39; "" "  _=f_jf*-sf: -  » .._-._ ~_ ._.._,__..___&#39;,__,,,. ., . v_ - ..92?..;~_.~_Anti-Communist sponsors and patrons of the commercial theatre have "under-__v§-_&#39;_¢;;.standablyaand_rightly_reacted to Communist tactics of exploitation by refusing
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It is elementary common sense." &#39; _ &#39; M __, 1,._
IN WASHINGTON, D.C. RE_STAUB_ANTS UPHELD _IN 5-A, C_OU__RI DECISION " A&#39;_,A..3=.7.5i_S_EQBEGAT_ION_Segregation in restaurants in the District of Columbia was upheld in a reeent;;_court decision when a U.S. Court of Appeals, in a five-to-four decision, denied snae~;,;so-called "lost" laws of 1872 and 1873 on which the case was based had any validity T;. ~ 1;  =*1n?;T
_ The case grew out of charges that Thompson&#39;s Restaurant in Washington refusedy;to serve three Negroes in 1950. The case went through two lower courts and isheaded for the Supreme Court. A brief urging the courts to uphold the validity o ":;,e.-lthe Equal Service Acts of eighty years ago was filed by Former U.S. Solicitor Gene1§a:l.1§Philip B. Perlman; similar briefs were filed by ACLU, and the American Veterans;Committee. - =3  - *2-f_.§-i>"
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&#39; The appeals court turned the argument of the plaintiffs down on teehniceJ.i_grounds: _ . g, - . , _-  ;..-.! It is argued that the "lost". laws, which barred discrimination in eating;places because of race, were "of the character of general legislation" and that  &#39;therefore the District of Columbia Legislative Assembly of those years had no powrni,-._§to pass them. H _ _ "   &#39;- -< -! These laws were repealed in any case by the District of Columbia codefOf l9Ol.  &#39;  _ _  : V &#39; " _   5_.&#39;~.;.&#39;;H.>,F{
A strong dissent concurred in by four judges asserted that the legislation 5;;"was enacted by a legislative body and has always been subject to legislative modifi?-ifcation or repeal. No modification or repeal hasbeen enaeted."&#39;;&#39;  &#39;~.. " » .. ~,- ~  ca» .. . . - __W _&#39; &#39; »~:~j_.-..2~a._&#39;i.;
new YOR_K A_CL_U___P_RU1ESfIS, BAN AT JELKE TRI_A_L_ " -_ -  Y -J &#39; . .;:_1If
H The New York Civil Liberties Union has ,;r¢£a;1";¢f&#39;;;,a..a£i;s Tybvgmxing-of_:K»;_i&#39;;>1;j~,Lpress at the trial of Minot Jelke oncharges of cqmpulsory prostitution. "The grgpp; V, stated that Judge Francis L. Va.lente&#39;s ban "involves _a serious violation ofdefendant&#39;s and the public&#39;s civil liberties".   ~-1; Z .;  _;"i.&#39;.,:_&#39;T,&#39;,_--&#39;_&#39;;,"&#39;  &#39; ~ &#39;92  &#39;< ~ 
A group of eight newspapers and press services, in an effort to upset the._ban,carried a legal protest to the State Supreme Court. This week Justice Benjar:-.in:;F$§*;&#39;Eehreiber upheld Judge Valente on the grounds __that the latter could invoke his dis-P;eretion to keep sodomous material away from the press and public. Schreiber alsokj"stated that his court had no power to upset the ban. The plaintiffs can now appgg_1.~,;to a higher court. _ .   _. g_ _ &#39; ~ ~; ._ &#39;_ g V  -&#39;:;f.§T&#39;§_ ,&#39; _ _ _ . ,_ . . -. K-H -~ -_» IL :  _..- H ._ &#39;.u_ &#39;5l.2_ - NYCLU protested_on the grounds that freedom of the press had been;vi61.8§.deY92YiY_928 1&#39;-9 newspaper reporters access to the source&#39;of news, and the..dB;§&#39;¬Pd:&#39;?§ - . . . - * &#39; &#39; &#39; 7, 0constitutional rights to a fair and public trial have been~jeop§rdJ;f§§¬§{§,;§»,  4, CLU 1-, 1, th 1 I N l &#39; A  e on appeal." zo"rnée_;i§;_-ifT NY S a es at it will endea at the er inf . &#39;-&#39;  r -_ as a friendof the court on the issueigf ea fair ggapublie  if
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