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UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT
Memorandum
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Bureau Ru! 5_ MALCOLM x LITTLE!
V12 105- ! MUSLIM uosQUE INC!
IUHAMAD! Info! R5
92
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_ longer hold this position we the laborers andf_believers request that you vacate premises, located at 2311 97th Street, East Elmhurst 69,' New Y u on receivin this letter. Upon a call rrangements can be5 made o ave p rsona items belonging to thej Nation of Islam picked up. This letter will
I' also serve notice your car insurance is in1 Iuhammad's Mosque #7. We are requesting thatyou discontinue using the name of Muhammad'sIosque or the Nation of Islam for your personaleffects. We can effect a transferral of title.Also you can bring the necessary papers to makethis change, If you continue to use the Nation'sname on your car then the Mosque will have totake possession of the car which we do not wantto do because this car is your personal property.The Iosque only desires the withdrawal of itsname from your personal effects, etc. Thisletter also serves notice that Muhammad's Mosque#7 will discontinue handling expenses on utilities
at said 2311 97th Street."
___ ..|92-,,-, .p
i mew calieqand stated he has 30 witnesses that we conspired to b ow up 15 cartrying to get him. IALCOLH says the only way he can defendhimself is through the papers. The "New York Times" says thathe accepted money from white folks but they can't be mebersand is telling the people to give shotguns and is speaking offorming rifle clubs. IALCOLH is trying to make most peoplethink that this is a planned thing and he broke off publiclyvith the Messenger and then he set up this organization and the
Iessenger gave him God's speed.
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as in contact with ELIJAHIUHAIIAD an stated was doing a story on IALCOLH Xleaving the Muslim ovenent and naked BUHAIAD for a staThe following conversati =11 I standing for ELIJAH
IUHAIIAD,-standing f6!Brother IALCOLI K left us because he wantedto he in the public as 1 leader and that wecould not do over here unless he obeyed me.I did not dismiss him. I set him down fora while to punish him. He was not able totake the punish. He was so anxious to gethack in the public and be seen. He justwanted to be a leader himself so he formed
a group for himself.
In the papers and in the press conference.IALCOLI emphasized the idea of bloodshed orrevolution to achieve the goal of the Negro.Does this go beyond what you are working tor?
is work is divine work and therefore hecannot do lnything unless it is from ALLAH.ALLAH has not given him, HUHAHAD, any ordersto arm anyone. MALCOLM will not be successfuland his, IUHAHMAD's, followers are verysincere and very much devoted to me and theycertainly will not follow anyone who goes outagainst me. I don: know where HALCOLIintends to get his guns and ammunition andcertainly no one will sell him I gun to heshot. They, lhhllhb and his followers,desire separation no long as they can't get
equal Justice. __ v
ls there anyone you have in mind to take
§ALCOLI'B place in new York?_- 4.
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her was on
LOG ed than
cone to the
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111 attract quitdeating
tated
'HAIIAD.
stated tho is a true '
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3/16/64
in contact with
lowing conv 0
standing for
- You talked to -11: new York.
. Rightuksays that man is doing the sameold stu again going around talking all
that stuff and everything.
- Yeah, to whom this time?
- Different ones he is trying to get out,out making calls and talking to them and
everything.
. Does-know anyone that he definitely has
The group that is out of the temple and
all that?told.- has seen the different ones he has been
ta king to.
E IRight, on that new temple you know...talkingabout you and me and all that kind of stuff.In his argument he is even using the
Iessenger's name.
- Well when I get there I am going to make
a call.
3/16/64.d ELIJAH ummmmn there was
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talked with E: this evening. _stated that Ll was s art ng the same thing hestarted in Washington and in Baltimore and they knowthis is what he is doing. MUHAMMAD stated that IALCOLHwon't last long commenting he had all this in his heartway last fall. IUHAIAD stated that many people beforehim, IUHAMAD, had started things and had then fallendown. IUHAIAD stated that MALCOLM can go after him,HUHAIAD, with all his might and strength and it won'thurt him because ALLAH is with him, IUHAIHAD.stated that here was one thing that-was putting out t ere and continued, "You know what#7 ha new temple. are putting out thatdtiaway w that." IUHAIHADs a e 1 e put in his place and he is in aposition now that he can b ut in his place. IUEAHADstated he was told h today that the other fellows
are out to get him .
3/17/64
3/17/64
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3/17/64
EEGtly was
CODVGTS3. OD ODSt
standing for -
' As far as being a leader they can havethat. As far as coming to the temple' they can have that too. But when theystart saying don't you come by herelooking for no money, they onna be introuble. ma you hear mo? They'llbe in trouble. I'll tell t em quick"I've been spending halt my life aroundhere keeping this stuff from the peopleand you gonna stand up here and pullsomething like this on me? You ain'tdealing with no baby or with no faithfulbeliever. I used to be a faithfulbeliever. I'm Just here now trying toget understanding but they pull somethingon me. Look here, they'll get 0
'sin- pulled right back. ummman *reveals why IALCOLI leaves Black hus m .
b-I . You wouldn't do nothing like that.
them people start starving me and
don t
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Yeah, to tel1 what's happenin ...ri-om them, they ripled that Mbout see what I mean...They'll knwhat I mean when I say and just theshock of a somebody finding out, whyhell Id get me a hundred Iuslims andask them for a hundred dollars apieceand tell them...thats a hundred thousand
dollars.51: I
Ho, I wouldn't do anything like thatbut honest to Savior if they forced mestraight out and started bothering me
then what I'mll| Golly.
I
going to do is isk ALLAH
any Muslims come to meme, why I'm just going to tellthem. If any Muslims come to me and askme any other stuff I'll tell them thattoo...I feel that ifwpermits thisto happen and I feel t a t is ALLAHswill that I let that believer know because
that ain't right...
- I don't understand none of this...I agreethey should have said something a long timeago instead of bringing it up right now. .
t;92; andtes
Last
said
that
of theNow you're going to put me out of the templefor associating with- I think you shouldcheck into it. Now you're goin to put I0out on something like this. eirt lyingput ou
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so why don't you check it out. ALLAHisn't vin people no rest. IhenI co e om talking to% oo e ewas weary. no0 0 m nothin but a w t lo ks like t ethreat to stay away iromilnThat's all it 1s'cause they kno ll be
worrying about no position.
Well, I hope you don't mess up nothing
for me.
I'm gonna mess with whoever mess with me.No, but I Just want you to know whathappened before anybody else come and tellion iomething twisted, disrespected your. I've done none of that,
somethi
better
be carefu get
rid of thoughright works.it neeyouni came to the Fru ting,mm me um; u1.cour-'.:'.f-b_ e :3 this stuff. '
know about that?
Heck yes- you're late, you're real late.
I didn't know-knew that, boy oh boy.
I
I»been telling some people now whenget there with all this publicithad with Q when ygonna stay e same o e
teaching.
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- Fwas going to make reservationso go o the Theresa. 'm telling youwhatc said but~=~__'. - his New York andIALC in New York... m trying to tellyou MALCOLM is 1 York too and IALCOLIwill go and telliand if he don't goand tell he'll tell someone else to
tell
won't believe that mess.
- I don't saygbelieve it. You mig tnot believe u ts still gonna mess H-up. . .and what's Hname. . .Say, there ssome luslims in New or that the Iessengerneeds to be investigated. I'm just showingyou what's happening. All this kind ofstuff going on and I'm one of the ones whatthreatening to kill people, beat up brothersfor throwing paper "Muhammad Speaks"! in thetrash can and now all this stuff that I didto keep it down they gonna put me o oi thetemple because I've been talking uhlike
willIi!lii!iiiii bout it
w a s appening. Tel
not to trust "DETROITanymore, he's DETROIT RED and he's spreadingmalicious 1 about the Messenger and hisfamily sobe saying what is thismalicious goss p you're spreading about the
Messenger and his family.
- In this kind oi times the whole family should
be working together.
- Fhopes th ' ot nakini no foolish novps.
ngs soon as thought was so
as soon as inisthe next day toldwas starting ng t a stuff. wouldn't
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tell it but certain brothers have beenoin around telling it. I don't thinkiwill believe lny of this. Thea would beli v it would be to on y w e e
have admit it.
I -wtmidmt admit nothing.
.: Yes he has t and theyadmitted it to me at admitted
it and that's a lot oi a ng.
doesn't want anything to be blownup just wants to be a follower. Things
are getting worse and worse. _
' continued that tn 1
before they ge etter, ad: th
about this but u
sure and tell
3/17/64t worse
worrying
to be
told ELIJAH IUHAHIMD that!had talked to "the one out south in the qaartment buil ngand they said they didn't have anything to do with it.IUHAIHAB repli didn't think that one would anywaybut added thatcould get to the other. IIUHAIIHADstated he thoug t it would be best that way and addedhe would rely on ALLAH, commenting that whatever ALLAH
wants will be done.
The above conversations betweenand between ELIJAH IUHAIDIAD andindicate that IALCOLH has learned of ELIJAHvarious roances and that this is cans
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Chicago will continue to follow this matterclosely and Phoenix should do the same. Information ofthe above type is not being letterheaded as it is feltit is primarily intelligence data. It is felt thatdissemination of material of this type outside the Bureau
would most certainly expose the source.
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FEDERAL BUREAU OI-' INVESTIGATION
FOIPA DELETED PAGE INFORMATION SHEET
Page s! withheld entirely at this location in the file. One or more of the following
statements, where indicated, explain this deletion.
available for release to you.
El b!!
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IBCIUBSI.
El Information pertained only to a third party. Your name is listed in the title only.
U Documents originated with another Government agency/ ies!. These documents were referred
to that agency ies! for review and direct response to you.
with the other agency ies!.Pages contain information furnished by another Government agency/ ies!. You will beadvised by the FBI as to the releasability of this information following our consultation
Page s! withheld for the following reason s!: i
D For your information: _ _
M The following number is to be used for reference regarding these pages:
JV Y 105- 899 9- 5/at$31Q%,,,_[, .1
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9S Brand X .__-1 i
He is by calling an apostle of bitter 'black nationalism, but Malcolm X is Qpracticed and adept at the white mans 'art of con'tmut'1icatiOnS. He stood in themiddle of a packed conventioneers'meeting room in a Midtown New Yorluhotel last weelz, smiling now and thenat the cameras. dabbing at the sweatthat pebbled his brow under the hot TV,lights, and talking about why he wasquitting as a hierarch of the stridentlyanti-white Black Muslims. And when he
had nished his press conference,lady reporter burbled: He's so charm-ii|gso intelligent. '
He is both; in an almost ingratiatinway, Malcolm announced plans-andeven invited white nancial support-for a new Brand X nationalist movementthat believes in racial separation, non-
nonviolence, and guns. hnrlnutler The message was a
chilling prelude to a second long sum-mer oi revoltthe more so because ofMalcolm's self-made skills as- a lien-',,spellbinding, and undeniably charismatic"leader. Moreover, though he still cw-siders himseli a Muslim, he planned topackage part of his wide-ranging pro-gram in a secular wrapper-and thusltcep it apart from the exotic lslarnicreachments that have helped-alibi-WeElushms at their estimated hard-core
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strength of fewer dun 10.000. Indeed.though-' national civil-rights -Jeadetiswanted no part of him, some local-levelhotbloods were queuing up for dates,*92¢1'-1311i, Malcolm was leaving behindlittle more than his place in the .92luslimmmslfem and, so he said, his mostcelebrated convert, the world's l'|ea92'v-weigh! Champion, Cassius X!. He plansto call his new operation the MuslimMsqll. lnc.; he still pledges spiritualallegiance to national Muslim overlordElijah _Muhammad, even if Muhammaddid bring on the split by suspendingMalcolm for calling President l-Ienned-_c'sassassination a case of the chickens
Malcolm X: Charm and guns. 1 l
eq;ni,ng_h,ome to roost." For that, Mal-colm blames not Muhammad T§E1T"Dutother national leaders who have the
boss's ear and who used the quote asan escuse to force me out. if youput the wrong information into a com-puter. Malcolm told NEv92'5WEmt's PeterGoldman. it can only come back the
waft you put it in."Thus. his departure was not a totalbreal»; with the movement he joined in1948 9292'l'|ile doing time in prison as aconvicted thief and, as he is fond ofpointing out, a Christian!. His newmosque will still teach the l92-luham-mad message: separation. moral sell-impruvernent. economic Self-Sulcieney-and, ultimately. an exodus back . . . to
our oxm African homeland."But, during his thre¬~month exile.Malcolm concluded that the Muslimshad stilletl their own g'r09292'th
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not workin hard enough for.mp,r_e_.t:i-gent goals lie now plumps for: betterfood, clothing, housing. education, andjobs right noui. And his mosque will
have a "political apparatus" as Well-a
nonsectarian wing dedicated to sweep-ing out Negro politicians who are pup-pets for .. . outside [i.e., white] forces."He got straight to the point at hisnews conference: this "threatens to be
it vcrv explosive year on the racialfront and . . . I my-self intend to be very
at-the in every phase of the American
.92'egro struggle for human rights"es-fcept the nonviolent. integrationist phase.Ah.tt has thus far pre-empted the eld.
i It is criminal." he said biandly, "to;pl te.1cl't n man not to defend himself whenhe is the constant victim Of brutal at-I
tacks. It is legal and lawful to own atshotgun or a rifle. We believe in obeying
the law. ln areas where . . . the govern-
ment seems nn92921'lling or unable to pro-
tect [Negroes from brutality] .. . weshonlcl fonn rie clubs that can be used
to defend our lives and our property intimes of emergency, such as happened
last year in Birmingham; Plaquemine.La.; Cambridge. Md; and Danviile, Va."
He never quite came out for shooting at,
say, bullying white cops or segregationistmobs. But he is given to metaphor, andhe did say: When our people are beingl;i.tt.cn_.l>,92' dogs. they at',:...AtLi-T-ll-W theirrights to laill those dogs. ,,_]_g1,g-J1.-nu Was it simply rhetoric-':'Malcolm has sure ne92vs inst?knew his gun-club plan would set off avolley of worried questions, and heseemed to enioy handling them 92vltenthey came. I bet. he said later. =1
sardonic smile creasing his lean, light-brown face, they pass a bill to outlawthe sale of ries, and it won't be filibus-tered either. But he held to his pro-posal; he insisted an arms buildup wottltl
be both a deterrent to white aggressionand an incentive for positive white ac-tion. 9292'hites will never correct theproblem on moral, legal, or ethical rea-sons." he said. "But they're realistsenough to know that they don't wan_tNegroes ntnning around with ries . . ."
Deterrence is a dangerous game, fillthe overmatched Negroes more thanuliites-and for the nation still more.
Yet .92lalcolm has a potential constitu-ent-v_ in the .92fuslim mosques along theEastern Seaboard he has evangelized soskillfully-ancl outside as well. Before
the week was out, he claimed invitationsto help local civil-rights leaders in trou-liled Plaquemine and to join a con-lerence Of warhawlts in Chester, Pa.
Also invited: Cambridge's tough GloriaRich-ardSOt1 and Bro0ltl}"n's Rev. MiltonCalatnison, the fiery New York schooltin!-tott leader. 9292'e're headed for a newstage oi militancy," said Mrs. Richard-Ml ifs wise to plan self.delcnsr tactics we inny need."
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I"
. I 'i By CYRIL EGAN JR. ' 1
1 I964 threatens to be an exlilosive year. The whiteliberals held us in cheek in 1963, but that wont work in4064. It: going to be 1. year of ballots or bullets. And Hballots wont work. bullets will." _ '
I A crowd of 1,000 cheering, applauding -NegroesEm ed approval as rebel Black Muslim leader Mal-co X shouted this grim prophesy last. night at a rally"Q kland Palace, w. 155m st. and am ave. , E
0 92~ "People lay Pm crazy,
Malcolm went on. Well,
you have to be crazy to be
"free.0 wlwrs CONVENTION L
0 "We have to wake the peo-
pleun . . .Bylhyor June we
are ruin: to hue e Black Ne-0
tlonaller. convention. II they
won't let us have it in Madison
square Garden. maybe we can
have it in Iime.s Square.I "I! it: neeeaarr to lo_r|n n
"Black Nationalist put!-or
Black Naonnlint um:--we
orm It."
Moat Negro leaders lgno l
alco1m'a open lnvitetion
he meeting. during which he
advised his ludlence in the
Toouree of n two-hour tirade: 92
l No more wrnlnl the other
cheek No more ee like
REGISTRATION DRIVE
92 He announced 1 regietntlon
drive lot Retro voter! to "de- F l[Ms "U; 1 termine who wm In m the White Home end who will lit.
ll '
order to_nert casting ballot.
1101: here to have aomelbullets.
0 Jhleolm seemed uneoneerned
by the apparent snub tron:
01-hGrNeI!'tIllade1'l.' v
4/47
OI-lleemnlt|nen1I."len-III. " 0
_Rev. lllltcn A. Gnlnnlaon.4l _-rm; rem»; 1»: uuueNY: Malcolm X~Wuf ry.-5'" L
i 'BaIIots or Bu! et: in 64'
CLIPPING FROM THE
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of the I uslim leader yesterday.
ere is probably not a great.
distance we could go together."
In a television interview, Mr.
Galamison said he would make
"overtures for unity" with the
major national civil rights or-
Ianizations which repudiated
him after he led the first school
boycott.
But he said the odds are
50-50" there'll be another
School IIOIEOIL before School
,ends in June.
NO ALLIANCE
The Brooklyn minister de-
nied he had any "alliance"
eiher with Malcolm X or Har-
lem Democratic Rep. AdamoL '_;92
gr
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MALCOLM X
It's Ballots or Bullets
hIl'll-1:-@_lI¢l'92I:-II Pill: It .¢7_.II' he
Clayton Powell, who also
backed the second boycott.mu-. Powell revealed In ¢;,.,|,,,,,b_
sermon at his Abyssinian Bap-
tist Chuch that he was llriing
Mr. Galamison to picket the
Board oi Education's Brooklynheadquarters on a daily basis. ;
He hinted the stupidity and
llllure of hi: name leaders"who would not back Mr. Gala-92
mlaon. and laid they were teBoard of Edueation would delay
0r drop plans to p_l_1;__§gmLg F -'-9 " c
1' -Q"-9! . '_.
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u ea
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- | .
M-r . 7 ' 1to-no u-s-s :1
_ i i W IIonLClippin| in Specs Q3111! _ i __
**'%' ff 1
icarir-r wants a mass meet
une to Iorm a "black nation
party or a black nation
aiist arrny
Asserting that American Ne
grows are laced with a choice
hetween "ballots or bullets
Malcolm rejected the philoso-
phy oi non-violence that hasf
characterized the civil rights
movement until now, saying
"No more turning t-he oth
There will he non
only with those who
nit violent with ill
threatens to be an ea-
year."
I000 Cheer Him
Speaking yesterday he I o re
U00 rheering Negroes in the
Palace. Eighth Ave.
W. 155th St, Malcolm said
was a million regis-
vnu-ra_ in a black nation-
tIlI'tY-
'I'hen," he said, "any Negro
joins the Democratic
would be a taaiiar. viaicoim X
or Negroes to convene in
York between now andwas speakinz as a Muslim min-1
ister. but was not seeking to
convert Christian Negroes to
his faith. l-ie likened his posi-
tion to that of the Rev. Martin
Luther King Jr. and the Rev.
Milton A. Gaiamison. who
tight ior human rights as
Christian ministers." _
Meanwhile. Mr. Galamison
said yesterday there was a "50i
school boyrott would be held
between now and June. 1
Qiork Stoppage
Speaking on the WABC-TV.progra-in, Page One, the Brook-
lyn clergyman also said thpt
plans for a work stoppage
April 22, opening day ot the
World's Fair, were not dei-
lnite.
Mr. Gslamison, who lost theCalling Negroes
To 'Bu||ei's or Ba||oi's' Drive l
lo 50" chance that I third._ __ j J
--7";
I.
-that end were in progress, he
said. it was hard to tell" 11
progress was being made.
On another front, both Mr.
Galarnison and Malcolm X
came in for sharp criticism
from Rep. Emanuel Ceiier iD.,.i
Bkiyni, a longtime supporter
oi civil rights. He character-
ized the two men as "extrem-
ists" who are doing a great
riisservite" to the civil rights
movement. _ .92_
He said Malcolm was en-
couraging violence" by predict-l
ing that 1964 would be an "eit-
piosive" year. and he called
the school boycotts organised.
by Mr. Galamisons Citywi
Committee tor Integra
schools "nihilism" and -
iOUa." I 92
tiller spoke on the WNBC-lI
I Indicate pegs. none oi
newspaper, city and atotl-i
_Z_, HEN YORK WORLDTELEGRAH Alli! THE SUI
support oi major civil rights"
groups in a second school boy-
eott last week. said s meeting
was scheduled tor some time
this week with representatives
oi those groups. The obleqtive:1» so-is-dc a united elv
Malcolm, who an ue sues "8"" 1" .eariIF|"IiiIIJ7 -avement
Iv; ~15-Malrolm X. Negro national month, mid the audience he
' 92
a .
er
'Though negoi:iltiol1i'i3vaI921_
.s..-- _TV Searchlight program. '
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E11-lion!
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i UNDER IFVESTIGITIOI
Character: an Q1
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MALGOLM X PLANS-v :
RALLY TOMORROW I
metropolitan ores to e meetln: '
tn Harlem tomorrow night. l
Street and Eighth Avenue. stl8 P.M. The hall, one oi thatlargest ln the oomrnunlty, haslong been o. cultural and politi-cal forum.Malcolm has withdrawn tromElijsh Muhammad's Chlcago- Fbased Black Muslim movement to organise s blsck nationalist,party." He has set up s temple Iof the Nation of Islam, in uniTheresa Hotel, Seventh Avenuehand 125th Street. tAt tomorrow night's meeting. _Malcolm will discuss "Black 'Nstionsllsm in Hsrlern." Mal-Fcolm's associates sold he would dlvlde the oecular from the rell t,gious aspects of his program Ln -deference to those who mightdiffer on hi! Islamic views. ul ;:51-ee with his secular propos-
k A source close to I-lelcolmsolo oeverel orgenlzltions had pledged support to him It e 'meeting lsst sundny night st];the Dawn Casino, 2387 seventh.Aver921§.l'I'l:is. he mu, eneour- 1,eged I00!!! pnlgnrrnttmg ln lhnlrge
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O Malcolm x has invited Negro: 92
organizations throughout the;CLIPPING FROM THE
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L on the llewsfronts of the World1-n--I-3
The Ominous Malcolm X
ixits tram lhe__Muslims
CLIPPING F3031 THE.. ~ / 'I by mine cnowronn i
Lst week the Negro civil rightsmovement was shaken by a rift in
the strong and mystical ranks of
the Nation of Islam, the Black
Muslims-" Malcolm X, the shrewdand personable Harlem leader of
the sect who has been its most
prominent national spokesman,abruptly announced he was quit-
ting his ministry and organizing
e black nationalist political move-
ment of his own.
Of far greater impact on Negro
civil rights leadership than the
Muslim split itself was Malcolm'ssurprising decision to join the civil
rights ght this summer-and evento lead it. Up to now he has!p a sideline critic of civil rightw
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demonstrators. He has sneered at
them both for their methods of
passive resistance and their ulti-
mate aim-integration. Malcolm
X, like the leader of the Black Mus-
lims, Elijah Muhammad, is an
adamant archsegregationist who
insists American Negroes must
separate from whites-as an in-
dependent state in the South or
through mass migration to Africa.
1 The schism between Malcolm
and Elijah Muhammad has been
El growing for months. Elijah, little
llknown personally outside of the
Islam movement, suffers from
asthma and several times during
the past year was rumored to be
close to death. Malcolm X had be-
come the Muslims spokesman and
dynamo. And this has reported-
ly aroused the jealousy of Elijah
,..;.._-.. . _ !1- t: .
Muhammad's own family, who ex-
pect to inherit the leadership.
Last December Malcolm was
temporarily suspended from duties
in I-Iarlerns Temple No. 7, ostensi-
bly for intemperate remarks he
made after President Kennedy's
assassination. During the suspen-
sion he scored a coup when Cassius
Clay, the new champion, revealed
he was a Muslim and that Malcolm
had convened him. Shortly after,
Malcolm said he was suspended
indenitely from his duties-and
he promptly quit the movement.
He took pains to swear contin-
uing loyalty to Elijah Muhammad
and to reairm his religious faith
as a Muslim. But, said Muham-
mad, whenever a brother walks
away from us, all is gone. Mal-
colm's doing more running off at
the mouth than he can back up."
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.--Many Negroes agree with Mu-
hammad that Malcolm has un-
plugged himself from his powersource and that his fortunes will
su'er. But predominant opinion,particularly in Harlem where he
is known best, is that Malcolm'sviolent opposition to white menwill prove compelling to many Ne-groes who until now have gonealong with the Rev. Martin Luther
King Jr.s peaceful approach. I don't believe in passive resist-, ance," Malcolm X explains, calm-ly enough. Every Negro ought to
have a weapon in his houseai rie or a shotgun. Any Negro whois attacked should ght back; ifnecessary he should be prepared to
die like a man, like Patrick Henry.Any Negro leader must be pre-pared-and must tell the people
who are following him to prepare-to go either to jail. the hospital
or the cemetery. But not withouta ght, not without a reason. Malcolm expects for the present
to nd his nancial and politicalbase in Harlem where, he con-
tends, Ninety percent of the peo-,--plefeel as I do, admit it or not.
Q---1-51
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Then, having announced hismove, Malcolm went into seclu-
sion to map out his Organizationalstructure. But already his dialogue
was taking form:I» On Negroes in the Armed
Forces: If [Martin Luther] Kingand the others can tell Negroes toboycott buses or industries or
schools, I see no reason why they
cannot boycott the Army, Navy
and Air Force. I don't think anyNegro should ght for anythingthat docs not produce for him what
it produces for others. Whenever
a Negro ghts for democracy,hes ghting for something he hasnot got, never had and never willhave. ll 1m wrong, then all the
other boycotts and civil disobedi-
ence are wrong too."b On paying taxes: If l'm to ridesecond class on an airplane. I don'tpay rst-class fare. If lm a second-
class citizen, 1 should not have to
pay rst-class taxes. P On separatism: The AmericanNegro has been unhappily mar-ried to the U.S. for 400 years. Wecant get along, so let's be intelli-gent and get a divorce. But let's
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have a property settlement. Give lice dogs before the ye!'l"T§""over."
us our share oi what the over-all
joint property is worth."P On Arnericanism: "A cat canhave kittens in an oven but thatdoesn't make them biscuits. I wasborn in Omaha; that doesn't makeme an American. Africa is home.
P On the Washington March: ltwas a gimmick to hold things in
check. lt was like putting Novo-cain in a sore tooth. If the toothhasn't been pulled or xed, its
hell when it wears oil. The Negro
leaders got the people there, put92 on a show, promised wed be backI in September if there was no civilp rights bill. Theres still no bill--
and no more marching. b On nonviolencer lf you think
I'll bleed nonviolently, you'll besticking me for the rest of my life.
But if I tell you I'll ght back.there will be less blood. lm for
reciprocal bleeding."r On the South: When 1 speakqof the South. I mean south of Can-Jada. The whole U.S. is the South.
ls On poliee brutality: Any dogrlsicked on to any Negro should beshot. l think there will be dead po-Malcolm X will nd scant wel-come when and if he offers his help
and his ominous philosophy toother Negro leaders. I think itis very unfortunate. says MartinLuther King, that Malcolm Xcontinues to predict violence . . .
in the past the constant predictionof violence has been a conscious
or unconscious invitation to it.
But if the civil rights bill is wa-
tered down at any point, it can
lead to a despair and discontent
in the Negro community that maywell bring about a dark night of
social disruption. And responsibleNegro leadership will nd it muchmore diicult to keep the struggle
disciplined and nonviolent."Malcolm X puts it more sav-agely: This is going to be the,hottest summer in history. "
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who founded snowman: in I931 and
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Bureau 157-k-3hNew York 157-1036Ji-_-1?;-__.;-'5'-. FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
March 17, 196R
Boycott Demonstrations atNew York City Public Schools
Racial Matters
ALL
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Boycott Demonstrations at
New York City Public Schools
ma cgaraeterization or the Nationof slab is attached hereto.
The "New York World Telegram" of March 16, 1964, in aheadline article named 2nd Boycott Loses Steam" narrated that asecond boycott of city schools was staged on March 16, 1964, butBoard of Education attendance figures showed it was less thanhalf as effective as the first school boycott held Februany 3, 1964.The Board said a total of 268,024 children were absent from theirclasses on March 16, 1964. Normal gupil absenteeism runs about00,000 a day, which means about 16 ,OO0 absences could beattributed to the boycott. Normal school attendance in New YorkCity is over 1,000,000 students. During the February 3, 1964boycott, the Board reported absences of 464,362, which was about363,000 above normal. About 160 schools in the city were picketedon March 16, 1964, as compared to 300 schools picketed at the
February 3, 1964 boycott.
Confidential sources utilized in the attachedcharacterization of the Nation of Islam have furnished reliable
information in the past.
$21
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FEDERAL BUREAU OI-' INVESTIGATIONFOIPA DELETED PAGE INFORMATION SHEET
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* MALGOLWS MOVE
4 _4 Iiiffer Over Significance ofHis Politico! Eifor!
By FEED POWI.-EIJGE l
ovement here Ind In the South".
weighing the signicance of-yle decision an week by Mal-',
coim X, the _£orme1' Black Mus-lrn leader, to start his own Ne-igo paonallst politlml move!
ent.lame leaders the slen-iFder, intense former convict wi11=
peopie. Others think his popu-
larity will nut only In relation
to the amount of npwe and time,
the white man: newspapers and
°° °"°° °° " " °, now FORWARDED BY NY o1vIs1on_z
e hroader eld oi eivil rightsu 1. prelude to 1 bloody lum-mer. Melcotrn. who has advised
Negroes to pm-chale weaponsfor pelt-defense, has predictedI-ncx-ease in rpcill violenceO! the coming wnrm months.
. A Iimilar prediction wasiced trequentiy 1 ya: ego byooeobuervers cl the movement.I. Negro trustrluon was ef-tively ahumeled Into ouchnonviolent demonstnuou u the
l, WggbingttlkI'|92Iltl'llGIB$'H|IIr iHail nunmet, HER lune
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i-L "" i rdixninished, Mr. Rustin said. by"the degree to which the estab-
lished civil rights orgarillltlonlare more vigorous and developa. program which quite obvious-|ly affects the man in the street." The Rev. Richard A. Hilde-
ltort for equal employmerit op-
teelings. He raid:"I welcome anybody who isgoing to help the civil rights
violence. Malcolm X is a bril-liant person. I have a. feelingthat we can work together asloln as we can contain that~p osophy oi violence."Position Hold RidiculousThe Rev. Robert M. Kinloch.another local leader. called Hal-colm's position ridiculous He's=stii1 preaching the aarne philoso-phy under a new brand name,"
Mr. Kinloch said.Others in the civil rightsmovement expressed dismay atbrand, a. leader here in the ei-'va-tely. A lot oi people are say-
portunlty. echoed Mr. Rustins|I
tenatruggle, hut I eannot condonelthe author. I-no F-BPi'¢!~'-"ill-We. ' _ _ I'_ . '-I-' t
a iew Negro activists will use!bia1col.m'a pI'Up0S815 as a meamof threateniiw whites. i i"'It'a the idea of using a manlike this to frighten the peopleinto giving us what we we-oi."one well-lmown leader said pri-
Lug that we ahould let Halcolrniiscl the masses and Blldwiaeare the intellectual! and Adam.ware the politicians." The refer-ees were to James Ba.ldwin,l
Adam Clayton Powell J r., D611-
ocrat of Manhattan. Another leader. Whitney hi.Young Jr. of the National Ur-ban League. believes that Mai-oolm's gtrength is ardciai-tthat it is crested on paper and
videotape by the press. I trunk a great deal ot thevisibility which llalieohu re-ceives from the media is due toan uneonseious sympathy on th .part of many reporters and othera with the notion o£<aeparI»i-
Malcolrns proposals. JamesLiam," he said. _ =
" Another acute obaervef oi thelovement. Bayard Rustin. he-eves that ¢1 to ac--on may interest Negroes whormcriy had shunned the Na-_on of Islllii. Mr. Bust-i-ii. whocoordinated the larch onWashington last summer andother demonstrltions, an-id in anhterview: - ' l- There are many elements ine Negro cum-Il'iui92ltY-l!iIOI|'i§the working class and amongthe inrellectuala-who, out oterustrltkm oi the currentaituation. have been deeply at-tr-acted to Malcolm: analysist whorejected his synthesis.""lhe!re not interelld in theFarmer. national director ot theCongress of Racial Equality.said the black nationalist was.proposing a rat! war that Ne-92groes could not win. ' IHrs. Gloria R1el:.a.r<|-5011. whosecivil rights movement in Cam-hridge, Md" has been abandonedby the national groups. aa-id oiMalcolm: "1 think he ean hehelpful. He eah otter pome-thing that has not been oeredbefore." - 'Jamu Forman, executive di-rector of the Bouthern-haaedStudent Nonviolent O00niii'ilt-ling Committee. agreed with Hr.Rustin that Ma-ieo1m'| new posi-tion might he attractive to He
Hal tinny Iollowen 92"It open! up possibilities torpeople who certainly thought!aeparateataie idea, or in theme Iiusiima had aolnethlnl to
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ho se and he want$80 papers t ng over to , a u andngs like that. In other words he don't have no whereto go and this is his aove and he is saying that the
Iessenger give it to him."
told IALCO idn't knowM! ""'
is 1 in on he ianil Iessenger. He y g t y.He is trying to aake the people think that the taaily isdivided from the Iessenger._ The Iessenger is not receivinghis nail and don't know what is happening because it isstopped when it goes to Chicago. He is saying that he is stillwith the Iessenger and is still a Iuslin, but those out thereare Jealous and they knew that I IALCOLI! was right andtherefore they are the ones that brought ae IALCOLI! to
th ."
{GI that IALCOLI has a
who are
that letter
ated that he received a two pagetelegram and a portion oi it read "I will always he a Iuelia,teaching whatever you have taught ae and giving you fullcredit for what I know and what I an. You are still lyleader and teacher. IUHAIED commented that this was sene-thing that IALCOLI could not do in the position he has puthiaseli in adding "1 don't think he ia_not a Iuslia. Heprobably will never go to anything else. Ihen a nan getslslaa in his for a few years he can't do nothing else unlesshe completely gives it up. It he gives it up, then he goesbacb to where he was and he will be worse oi! than he was
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I-OG 100-35635before. You can't be a Iuslim going off and trying to
start something of yourself."
a orgotten to mention the wa this was beingamong the public. that IALCOLI wastrying to sell the pu c on the ac e is setting up a"radical way of the Nation of Islam." IUHAIMED stated he wasgoing to re a tter and send it to him IALCOLI!today. :hat on television the other nightIALOOLI a e w s doing the radical work that you IUHAIMED! would do as a righteous man.
IUHAID commented that the telegram was quite afew words and added IALCOLI was double crossing himself bynot making it clear to the public. IUHAIMED stated the .
telegram read as follows:"The national officials there at the Chicago head-quarters know that I never left the Hation of slamown free will. It was they who conspired with_in New York to pressure me out of the n order osave the national officials and the disgraceof having to explain their real or orcing me out,I announced through the press that it was my own decision toleave. I did not take the blame to protect those nationalofficials, but to preserve the face your followers have inyou and the Iation of Islam, and despite what have been saidby the press, I have never spoken one word of criticism tothem about your family. I will always be a Iuslim, teachingwhat you have taught me, and giving you full credit for whatI know and what I am. You are still my leader and teacher,even though those around you won't let me be one of youractive followers or helpers. The present course I am takingis the only way I can circumvent their obstacles and stillexpedite your program. The tears you shed in Arizona givethe public the impression that yo also are of the opinionthat I left of my own free will. Bo I am giving a copy ofthis wire to the press. lay Allah bless you with health andsuccess, I as still your brother and servant. IALCOLI X
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CG 100-35635Mtated that IALCOLI has had a pressconference up or Thursday and had been on televisionalaost every day. IUHAIIED pointed out where IALCOLI had.double crossed hiaself in the above wire and consented abouthow IALOOLI says that he has never spoken one word ofcriticise about the faaily. IUHAIIED wondered how thefamily got into it if be has not mentioned then and alsowondered how IALCOLI could be a Iuslia if he gets out.IUIAIIID stated that if IALCOLI wants to be a Iuslia whydid he say that he was going out and Join up with the CivilRightists and the Black Hationalists because they are notwith him, IUHAIBD. IUHAIHED consented that then he saysIUIAIMBD is still his leader and teacher. IUHAIIED statedthat if he is still IALCOLI's leader and teacher, then heshould let hia dictate what he is to teach and he, IUHAIIBD,should have been the dictator of IALCOLI leaving. IUHAIMBDconsented that he had never shed any tears in Phoenix.
tin Iew York told 21.1.1
|to do a three pageand had talked withIUIIAIIED stated hif IUHMIIBD thought that any ofIALCOL-I and IUBAIIIED stated he did not think
IO.The following conversation enaued,tanding for-and a standing for aunammmF Iill he be accepted back into the novenent if
he wants o cone back? _
!ee, on condition by way of submission andseeking forgiveness for any error that they have made.
_ The papers reported thattis goingto reaain oyal to IUHAIIISD. y
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O5 100-35835 .£ Ihat was your tirst reaction when you learned
oi what LI had done?
I. I lave that statement to the press two days
ago in Phoenix.
-The press accused you oi weeping.
I. In Islam they do not shed any tears.- Ihat was the purpose or the extended suspension?
I. It was an indefinite suspension tro thebeginning which was given to the ress on December 3, 1963,
by the Iatiosal Secretary- Ihat was the nature oi that suspension?
I. Io cement on that.
IUHAIIED then stated that he had not heard one wordCOL] until he received a telegram this morning.'then asked bin about the house that IALCOLI lives iner ILLCOLI would he able to live in the house.IUHAIMBD replied that the house belongs to the Iosque in NewYork and this would be up to than. He added that whenefer aIuslin leaves he is to surrender any property that belongs
to the Istion of Islam.
d ILIJAH
in the paper
ants to remain
are concerned.
added thatthere was a lot at stake and
in Chic o, mes. "
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OB 100-85835Chicago ie net preparing e letterhead memorandumeuitable for dieeeeination"regarding the above. Chicagofeeie it eheuid not he dieeeinated outside the Bureau atthie etage and hae aieo noted that pertinent {actors inthie aatter have appeared in the press.Chicago eontinuee to £01101 developments and theBureau and pertinent offices I111 he advised regarding thi
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;;1'- ' By DONALD R. FLYNN- The reaction of civil rights leader: across the nationto the eall by Malcolm X tor Negroes no arm themselvesbhnied today from Itunned disbelief to grim warnings51!! ,1 bloody and suicidal nee wtr.
i "B he means loin: IIIII
irognlnll ;o I056;-" laid Dhoetor on onner.
?921n| lot o nee wor which
{eon only endin ongnloh for the'potlon. It In utterly Ioolloh. Ingo nee war we dmpll would not
,i-lvo o. ehoneo of vision."
5' -:n5lI0llI.IBLI' jcnow -
_ buck not-riot lloieolm I
"at Ileana should form rie
and obtain _rtl'le| andohoynm ta defend them-
p.lvq" oioo bewildered Chlello
Tifhon Leorue Preoldent mum-seer '
-1 !"I;orrlile." told III. Long.f lloaenltone thotlnthlotho;IlnllllI lullerio really obowinx
=lllooIon and the dangers In-bqnt In the llmllm -me-
Rev. Joseph H. Junon.
;91_dent of the 5-million mem-
_,_I;uono1 Baptist Conven-
_ 11.8-A. the notion! lore-
oot Ielro ornnlzotlon. m-ledfag;-on go otond by tho Con--itltnm. ' _ '
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FQRWARDED BY I-TY DIVISIOH
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CLIPPING FROM THE
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Bi'I.i:izd." perticu1.er1! in eer-
tein ereee--perticulerly in New
York City." .
_"I Ieel tint where there I-re
indication: of e etnlned re-
htlomhlp between the noes,
there would be e tendency to
lee 5 weapon I! it were unil-
ihle!
Dist. Atty. Calm asserted
that "extremism or any kind
is dangerous. especially when
there ere guns in the hand:
oi the extremists. History end
experience his proved that."
No matter how noble the
Jurpoee. no matter how much
l_ nnnpethlze, with the eeuee,
we will not toierete enyhody
inking the low into his own
llunds," Mr. Celm mid. Q
i Malcolm X. in his erplosivecell to arms yesterday. eried|
um, "White people will be
ted when . . . the pessilfla_t.t.1e Neno . . . turn! out. hp
i le e roerinl lion. The whine
; ui better wmderstemi mu
hilo there is still time.
Be meinuine there een be
no Negro revolimon without
lbioodahed."
i I eurt believe he: onions.
lull COBB director Farmer.
re unleash rlolenee would la-e_
ultimately Iliellhl, he mill.
OI eeurle, he said, pre-
lletionl oi rlolenee eomeumee
heeeme tell-fulfilling pro-
phecies. But Malcolm X need!
to explain what he lelnl hr
eeli lemme. He llrl leple
have n ritht to lhoot at Ion
net to etteek them. -
1"lehln¢lnerylo|h|po-
Ileemln. Doe! he men Ilhll
Home egelnet the police?"
Tint would meen not nr.
*' A complete hnnh-oft eunefrom June: Penman. executive
eeereton oi the eetivilt Student
[nee-vlplem. Coordinating Com-
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Transmit the iollowlnq in _ _ Type in plate mrt or cede!
IE1!!- Priory or Inked ofidlulll!
nxucron, rm 5-asosn!
non sac, cmcmo 00 asses!
ONTAINEDsumac-r IIATIOII or IBLAI "-1 §§F%H"'m°f ctHE Is _ on:
t forth beloi ie information turniehed byho has furnished reliable int rl tion in thenpas , I ich pertains to activities oIALCOLI LITTLE at I011 a ta pciaible eeension n Iuh.e.nlad'
'IBIp19 #12, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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"'1 " ' .IAU.'20LI. 'there was some pretty seriouscharges out t re a ut IALCOLI and a Sister. V
,.. .2129164 ' "
"" ' had heardtwo sore rumors about one was .har llunber 12,adding they had by people who cone toChicago iron there ted that there were severalve1'8.
QLLLE , - '= fa:-1a swam ammanmn tutm had rece v ca s tron believers in Philadelphia cospla n ng
about one oi the brothers there.fl-at IAILZOLJI was supposed to be on KBCTJ. at l o clock on Ionday. IUHAIIIAD stated they willjust have to wait and see, adding he did not believe IALCOLI
would appear .personnlly on 1.7.
ihat the "Chicago Defender," a localnewspn r a o Illinois, had calledstating they
a-rd he was try ng to sake a split. IIAD repliedhe did not think this was true, adding he" probably IAILIOLI!cannot lske a split because you have to s§ke"ott'with thebelievers and he does ot have Isny believers thhis. ' 'IUHAIIAD instructed not to talk it around.hat it he IAIBOLI! s onld go to Qhoenix to seeQ1111 go to Ph x at that time 1: necessary. sumumnnsta e he would let know about this later.
" smmmxn then instructe9 should go to llusber 12 and try to put a stop to t ngs go ng 'b1 n there uld send IUHAIIAD a report beforedoes anything. _. ..~ f
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Of thO II
_ teaching_ phone calls
t0_the Temple.' be out_conp1ete
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IALCOII are going to split
' 312/64
I111 have
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t it would take more than the -
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hiladelphia should alertFurther pawn orna on rece ve y cage regar ng activitiesIALCOLI LITTLE and dissension in the Philadelphia I01 Temple
will he iorvarded to the pertinent oiiices.
Chicago is not including inioraation oi this type inletterhead memorandum suitable tor disseaination as it doesnot ieel nonspecific data or this type should he disseminated 'outside the Bureau, but should be used tor lead and intelligence
purposes. p
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mr:n0LM ABSENL
AS MUSLIMS MEET.
. .-__._-1-i -':..
Power Struggle In Believed
Mounting inlovemem 5
-_..-.._---_ _ I
By M. S. HANDLER _ .
- -.5:-I¢ulto'lheReIYrn'l'll|ee
CHICAGO, Feb. it--Neither
Malcolm X nor any otbu Black
Muslhn lenders tram New fort
were present today et the move
.ment'a one-day national eon-
Wention in the Coliseum. ,Q Their absence en-engt.hened|the view thlt the Negro up-I
leretlst movement might be tu-
ingaler1ouslp1lt.- : '. As Muslim mlnlsterl from!
all parts 01 the country lpoke,.it came clear that the New]
YO! 1 2 J _-U 'ma ' '3 J1--""1
or ' .. .- if 1:-I
l ' _, ' . 92 . ..1:1,, 8-r... :"".'-' :11. .
headquarters who surround 1-.
Muhammad, the ebsolute ruler
30! the movement. - F;
1 llaicolm was Iulpenlled B
the Eestem spokesman tor thenmovement liter I speech Inst?* December in which be attributed
President Kennedy: usnsllnl-i
-tlon lo the "chickens coming!home to |.'oo.IL" ' i
The impression of an hnpend-I
lug crisis was further strength-r
cued when Elljeb Muhammad,
the netionnl leader, handed the.
umporgyum tel hug gs9°31 TY '8'!-'55meone had been out by thel
New York its lenien-
Pneantloulrnkn ;A White reporter: mod photo-Ignpher: were leu-ehel thor-
oughly before being lbnitted to|
the lull. They were uked to!empty their pockets, then toiextend theirwere en.m.lned. y to
determine whether 3-H! Mn-
ceded bullets be:on.nec.:etnr
1111111!- _ .. -=. .-'"..-
X.»/"'CLIPPING FROM THE
EDITION _. 1'" /fa.-
DATE _ 1;; J
PAGE__ , 1.1 J _ *1.
FORWARDED BY 1:1: DIVISION______
NOT FORWARDED BY NY nIv1sIon__q_
ALL INFORFZ. --I C¢'"T&'é"E°oATE 5i 7z?/
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e 0! neatly dresserin ed '5' ll.guards g the vast a .
Ushers led long lines or Mus-lims to their seats. The seatsbehind the platform were tilled-by several thousand women tnlong white gowns. |1 Signs hung from the balco-!1-nies read: We must have someof this land": "We must makejobs for ourselves": "We mustprotect our women" and "Thereis no God but Allah; Muhammadiis his apostle." '
The convention opened with a
rayer to Allah. All the Muslims.Powered their heads and extend--L
ed their arms forward. palms
upward. . Oh, Allah. make Muhammadsuccessful in this wilderness oi.
North America. Bless Muham-1
-mad and his followers."Each speaker began and end-
his address with the Arabic-fsalaam aiellthlrn" "peace beth you"!. All used the sameheme: Mr. Muhammad is the
vior for whom the Negro peo-jle have been waiting 400 years;America: he is the greatest
man of the century, and will
IR! the Negroes from bondage.
Indications of s. planned moveifainst Malcolrn came beforer. Muhammad spoke. A young.minister with the oratorical'techniques or a Southern Negro!Baptist preacher introduced.Lonnie X, new minister of thelguélun temple in Washington,l.
He described Lonnie as an
honor graduate of Lincoln Um-versity in Pennsylvania, holder.
of a master's degree in math-
ematics from the MassachusettsInstitute of Technology and aDoctor of Philosophy deree inmathematics trom Cornel Uni-lvsrsity. ':.- '--7.-.~.;-an .- ¢= ~_ . .- - - ' -- . - -. ,... ~r*---1 ' -it-;&. .5-._.=" 7§"-...-W" é~i'.a.-.-.';.r.=:.1.1;,_'_-:. ._=a' '-fez. = ..- .. e -,, .. . ..'._ .. - _.. ..:...-..., -i=r--- 31%-K-'3-l¢-I J» s-=-- - .- ... ~-
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three books on mathematics and1The leader. who spend!its relationship to the Negro winters in Phoenix, Aria,problem. cause he suers from
Lonnie. in a long speech.said Negroes were on a marchyears.0! conquest."He referred at length to arecent New York Times article?
on the Bryn Mawr-Haverfordcivil rights conference. He said
the article had reported thatleven Negroes committed to thecivil rights movement hid ad»
mitted the powerful attraction
or the Black Muslim ideology-Ior intellectuals. fWhen Lonnie had finished.
the minister who had introduced
him whipped the crowd ot 4.-
000 into hysteria in preparation |
for Mr. Muhammacfs speech. 5
Mr. Muhammad wore hisgold-embroidered velvet hat
Ti-It-if-ll! Lonnie was writingwith s quarter-moon andStar of Islam on
- .._ . __. - 4-. _-4--~< -_ . - -I-..-<,_-.,-,. .-,~ -he . -» we-.lPP@ared in better physical
dation than in ,92g ms; 1
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' jhllore than 4,000 members o£|I
92
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li1iL90LM XS R01-ll.
DIYIDING MUSLIMS.
3 .92
New York Loader May Shun:Group'a Chicago Parley
By M. 5- HANDLER
Soeelnlto The NewYork!l|lelCHICAGO, Feb. 25 .
There W13 no indication here,night that Malcolm X. the.dynamic New York leader of
the Black Muslim movement,injfould attend tomorrow: na-
Qonal convention.,.,A. struggle for power is be-
lieved being waged by Malcolm,whose personality has been na-~
tlbnally identied with the
Negro separationist m0ve1'neI1Lslid second-echelon leaders ct
the Chicago headquarters who
urround Elijah Muhammed. thebsoliite ruler of the moveinentiiMalcolm. was suspended ule Eastern spokesman for the
ack Muslims following a
h in Manhattan Center$:cDece.rnher in which he at-Ytributed President Kennedy:assassination to the "chickens
coming home to roost." ,i §Mr. Muhammed said the re-qmfl-ES were an inaccurate re-; ' tion or Muslim attitudes
1 i Political umgiicmgseen "5
iumors have persisted thatIét Muharnn-ied's followers inl'cago used the reniarlcs to
hammed intended to leave
1 case or Malcolm l.n abov-$12 and not to mention lurn
lsaddreis tomorrow. igt was said tonight that Mn,
the movement, which is offi-cially known as The Nation ofIslam, are scheduled to fill the_
iiseum. when the one-day,ventlon convenes at 2 PM. .
ormsl convention prow-Q _ [Ugh |..| debate and thev g of resolution-8. are not;ptjctieed. by the lI.uaiim5- Ail,ailhoty in vested in Mr.lluhammed. who will a.nnoin-ice,deciaions he may considerIIU. Q--11;».-
,_..i.._Elg¢=on Year a Factor _
The conflict between Malcolm
anti the Chicago headquarters,according to an increasing num-
her of reports, not only involvespersonalities but also a aha-rpdivision of opinion about the
role the Muslims should play in
this election year._l'he emergence of Malcolm asa national gure was clue to
his forceful, uncompromisingexposition of the Muslim thesis
that total separation ot Jum-
erinan Negroes from white Am-eripa would alone solve the Ne-
gro problem. Whites, the group
believe, originally imposed seg-regation and will never "grantequal rights to Negroes. 1
Malcolm has contended that
the present civil rights struggleis ,desti.ned to tail and to pro,-olte bloodshed. This is the t 92
itlonal view shared by all M
However, it was Malcolm'|..
lent to evangelize the Negroesho even oppose separation and
Ia or integration that identied' in the minds of whites as}
w l as Negroes as the national
le er of the Black Muslims.e'_.i;.-¢- -- ~,1r'_-..'-.-_ ,-_-, '. - -_ ..,i- _ - , '* '= * -- ;- ' =1: -'-1 -I ~ ' .~ - - . '. . ;_--' . '1:1.1!-I117-'|;?.:;'H§¢:~:mLa-l3i.-6i?i4.i925!E3i;92a¬-t_S-1::i-F§.'a$3-92-.-5-". '.. . - =.. '. ~ -92 ~.d.=.192 >--.1, - I . -_ ...a..::-.. .¢-=»-..92=.. -.- . -.1-1...
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ME- :¢==-cw/Z _' 1
PAGE _ , 37? e _
one acquainted with Mal-lco_ s views are convinced thathe-feels the time has come formi Muslims to take the men-F
aiil: away from civil rights or-gngizatlons. ;e is said to be convinced-
th t disillusionment with the;
oi I right: movement has de-'
ire ped to |, point where the-m sllma should now try to rally
N roes to the banner of totalChicago headquarters, it
med, pursued a passive line.
' FORWARDED BY HY o
nor FORWARDED BY NY nIv1s1on_;+
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-_t..JQliIpnal Bole 8eell.___L'_le-rs of the Cbic:go hegdti qu rs rtediy ear a =wigs: liaigoim is curbed, be
M11 eventually inherit the Mus-
lims on a national basis.
Malcolm was in lliaml until'
yesterday visilinl with Cassius,
Clay, the boxer. Although bin,
Clay: entourage baa denied be
"la a member. Mr. Clay is a Hus-f
iimuwelluaclosetriendoiiMalcolm. l
Malcolm, it is believed, has
net next Sunday as the date
tor a decision on his place in?
the Muslin organization. It is'
known tint be feels that unless
be'i.s restored to his formervactivitis. he may return to the
national scene in a manner that
would make his previous etforts
yale by 00i'nparison. .Mr. Muhammecfa 1le1aying'
tadtlca in determining H11-.
colm's future are said to reect,
a eertain reaerve about the dy-,
namism llaiooim wiabes to im-'
pa:-t into the Muslin movement.
Mr. Muhammed is reported
to be holding himself aloe! from
it struggle between M.alco1m_
and the Chicago headquarters
because he is aw-are of Mai--
¢q1m'5 national standing. |
However, Hr. Muhammad. ll
is aaid. has been nettled by the
natio tli ht loaned o is . '5;-lrpv s M11-|_||-1- _
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sake
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d thin Innpresented bnithnede a very nice thank you k
werebe there. en
a favor and
people right there
on their heads end none wereth best thing we could have done children -elove ue. You can't cone en people that are nice.The sietenethere love as n nan and an I lustin-
ndvined Qthe nge
had n turnout tron
and the believers are behindthe Ieseenger You wouldn't even knee heCIALOOLIB hnd That 1e e thing of the-pent. It he getn_beok in the leesenger I111 have to be the 1 are happy therecongra
1n"IeI'York.
all up and down
-one that puts hin there because the peep e' here don'tthe nay they ere non. They feel tree. The norI 1 Iike they have been under e hinner :11 the tine. 'eeThey have been eupgrelsed. Seen! like they have I new
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Mount Clipping In 590:0 Below!l Z mix C Z: C C W C
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The Black NIl.|.Slil'llSE.I'6 being split
by a battle for power between the Ne-
gro extremist group's two leaders,
Elijah Muhammad, the self-styled
"Messenger of Allah," and Malcolm
X, who was until recently Muham-
mad's first lieutenant and chic! spokes-
man. In the past few wee. G ,minister of the group's -- - ..
in New York City, has challenged Mu-
hammad's authority by soliciting sup-
port for himsel! among other Black
Muslim local leaders around the coun-
try.
Muhammad, last reported at his
winter home in Phoenix, Ariz., is des-
cribed as outraged by his subordin-
ate's audacity. In information leaking
out of the ultra-secret group, Muham-
mad is pictured as weighing whether
to expel Malcolm X as a rebellious
malcontent.
I I- I-
9292H.1lTEVER. THE outcome, the
struggle is viewed as significant be-
cause of the Black Muslims far-out
position on Negro civil rights. The Black
Muslims, candidly anti-white and anti-
Christian, advocate not integration
but a totaly separated Negro society.
The movernent has beer. gr;-'.v.ng in
several Northern and border industrial
cities and in a few pI.1cc-s in the South.
Estimates of Black .-.'.i;s. Ln member-
ship range from 15,000 to 250,0C0.
The fight betwee-._ I92.~Z.;l1an'imad and
Malcolm X wa-. triggered by Mal-
colm's comment- c.:. President Ken-
nedy's assassinailon, but apparently
had been brew'lr._r for a longer time
over the question .; a successor to the
aging Miihammac.
I O 6
1!_1_LC0LM X. a 38-year-old e>.-ccn-
vict, maclc a speech in New York on
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J// INFORMATION CONTAINED .
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. , By EDWARD W. O'BRIEN -
1-__ . -"-
Dec. 1 Ln which he said that the assas-
sination was an instance or chickens
coming horne to roost" and that chick-e
ens cornlrzg home to roost have al-
ways macle me glad."
He also criticized Mr. Kennedy as
having conspired with white liberals
and with Negro leaders to achieve
more than tol~:e:tism" L1 advaac;
the Negro cause.
Muh:'.r .n1ad, who shuns public at-
tention, :_uici-:ly suspended Malcolm a 2
the gro:.1ps spokesman, accused him c-
failing to follow the way of Islam"
and proclaimed that he would allow
Malcolm to continue as a minister but
not to "SfJe5.l92. in public."
I I I
3Z.1.L;'I!..T~.I X replied he was ac-
cepting rebuke. He affirmed that
"anyt;ii:._ Y.Ir. Muhammad does is all
rigl-.t zvizh ::_e," and sa.:i he would 1-zeep
busy aci.r.iniste:in.g the affairs of my
mosque."
Though the Black Muslims stress
rigid discipline and total adherence
to Muhammad as their sole Dmphel.
Malcolm X's obedience to his superior
was somezhiag less than whole-hearted,
it was learned.
O O O
HE OZZ'.'!0USI.-Y regarded Muham-
mad as declining in power and pos-
siciy as vulnerable to a talzeover or, --l--SACASA
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Minister Malcolrn X,
cal Black Muslim leader,
who has been under sus-
ension by Elijah Muha -,ad for_ almost thxe
onths, will return in £1111
swing after the f1rstot
March whether his sus->
pension is lifted or not,
the Amsterdam yew:
learned this weeic...
A source elose_to the outspoken
Muslim leader said he Ilitendl tn
return to "the thick 0! thing:
am? will be mbre active than he
wsin 1963." . "'-.
_e report gave rise to
digations that Elijah Muir
. Continued on Page Tirol -7;. _. ._; -_-- A__'- _ ' r.
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'|L'ied would lift the wspensingshortly after the Muslimstl-ntiou in Chicago next 9292' .'lmneeim x is in Miami it-ii=;e_' .;--.,<.
- is expected to remain until
after the Clay-Liston tight. lie ll o _-_
expected to attend the light. '
Bumors_ have circulated in
Miami that Clay, wl:0- is a close..,_.
friend of the Muslim minister.
has invited him as his guest
for the championship contest.
Indications at Maicolrn'l- '
planned return to resume hisaclivities have been sensed in
ile' ers to groups which have in-
viled him to speak. They h ve
rq|:eived notice that they w
be__ceniacied afterlilareh 1$.____
"ALL INFOPFATION CQISEAINEDI. U C S
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e - ~;l";':.e---_--~' MUSLIM HQSQJE INC; s . " ' IS - nnommrmous n . cormtwifbs r.c . ALL_I§F:-1;?-?-T}? ¢;;1? /§!/S HER:-"1 * 13! _- - DAT... r. r jig _ _ _
" '- This memorandum is being prepared to coordinateand record the investigation conducted to date on captioned
organization . .» ' -
It is noted that MALCOLM I. LI'1'1'liB, former ministeroi I-IOI Mosque #7, New York City, who had been placed onsuspension innecember, 1963, by BLIJAH I-iUHM~II-IAD, announcedon sm~.oa;.', /%4, that he had broken with 1-mmxmmn and theN01. On 3 2 MALCOLM held e press conference at theI-ark Sheraton Hotel, Seventh Avenue and 55th Street, NewYork City, where he announced the tomation and incorporationof his new organization named Muslim I-iosque,I.no. Theorganization would have a religious base of Islam but 1:-indicated that the organization would have a political,economic, social and cultural philosoply of black nationalism.
Press ConferencePark Sheraton HotelNew York City '-*~*-"H;;'_ CH
am/I _ _ :LL2L5i_._____-
has-8g§79§9lraAtoo1s' iurrm! 2»
comknnnt- s H H--- ---.__,..,_._ i_
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c0m1{E|92mAL
mt 105-8999 -
On 3/12/61+ sas
- tten d MALO0H~'i's ress 4
Approximaex-rs serv.. s, ra o and television attended this conferencewhich was held in the Tapestry Room starting at 11:00 a.m.and 13-Bting approximately to about 1:00 p.m.
lhe above agents obtained photographs, particularlyof those no appeared to be members of HALOOU-1's group andthese photographs have been placed in the ILB section oi thefile. One of the 20 mimeographed oopiss or MALOOIMH preparedtext was obtained and has been placed in the lA rile along withmimeographed copies of }mLO0Lb1's statement on 3/B/61$ and thetelegram he sent to Emmi muar-rm: on 3/11/61+, which were
also passed out at the conference.
The above agents observed arzd recognized the£01101-ring known N01 members who appeared to be a part of
W92LO0U~1's group:
5. An unknown Negro male age 23, 6 feet l inchtall, 165 pounds, long fuzzy hair, dark complexion,small mustache, wearing oontineetal style suit, _This individual took the text of I'1ALO0lM's opening -'statement and had mzuneographed copies thereof prepared.A photograph of this individual Ias obtained. _
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A11 of the above were approached duri.g thecourse of the conference agd asked thee names add wnetwerone; were affiliated w* WAL Q and all zeplied "no comment",wioh uhe exception or who identified himself,aom-zezved some queocio
DQ511101 in I-LALCXJICHS
Tue follcwig
above agents durigg ts,mLLu iedied he held any official
F.-0*; orga;-liza oion .
5 information was also obcai ed by thee course of the press OOJf8TQACE3
deterr .eo no q ee-tna" the p ace waere one aoove mertio ed unk own egromale took she cexc of MALCOI&Na speech to be copied,had Lelepoee dumber MU 2-6311. This number is registeredto Xerox Co; rooio; a;d cneir reproducing office isloeooed at ?'0 Madiso Avenue, New York Ciuy
the press
The full B@d complete results of the p;ese OOLf8P8J.e ce heir Ghe$0 gassed anoundfpaper to members of
t " name t recn which I011
and clue rerrzarko of E-LAI-C01-l'X were sent in New York airteland letterhead memoraidim dated 3/13/54.
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NY 100-152759
;="-¢s>1r.=>ra 1.1.0--.e1'eJ=1=e m=1;m_ee=e=1e_1:-_e_0 3/'15/5**#$u1>erv1aor. BmimeeSe t on lerk of Court, cw York County, New York, advisedSA -.113-.. 0-. that date A;ton1e;r EI}'.Ii.RD U, JACK-O JR.oi new ork Ci ,3; had filed 1 oorporation papers for theI-1usl:.;:1 I-iosqee Inc. pursua .t to Article 10 of the ReligiousCor-52;:-ration. law of the State or New York '1'ne eapere werefiled under uuznber 2330 for l9@. de 0.-1eSi tio. papers availabl an they re reviewed
b" P.
These papers co..sisted oi a Certificate ofI;'.co:"p0ratlon p.1IB.1B.;:; to the Religious Corporation Lewoi H01-I York Szate and were executed under Article 10 of thelaw. The papers reflected that on 3/9/6-H in conformity withSection 192 of the Religious Corporatior-. Iml e. meeting to
ll 97th Street, decide for 1;-=corpo tion was held at
s NewQuee
at were . who presidede.=d EARL GRANT and H. K. AMEN. At thin meeting itwas decided to incorporate and the name chosen we I-melimMosque Inc." It was aleo decided at this meeting that therewould Be he lees than 3 nor more than 21 trupteee or thisorganization. The meeting then proceeded to elect LI'1'1'I8,GRMIT and HARE!-I es the trustees to serve until thefire; 8u.1da;.r of March, 1965. On that date I leoond electionof trustees would be held, and thereafter e new election ortrustees would be held on the firlt Sunday ct each ealen&r
year.
c0w9¢NT|AL
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cou7§£m92AL
Tne papers 1=.1z-inner indicated chat the principalplaces of worsdip were to be in the Borough of I-ianlwat-.;an, NewYork County, New York. Tue purpossoi the new 0OI'p0I&-310:1 wenset forth in save-1 paragraphs numbered A through G, aPnotoctatic cop; of 1.-niclm was obtained a..d has been placed
in the 1A file.NY 100-152759
This certificate of Incorporatio-.. was executed 0;.3/9/614, nota1'i::ed 6». 3/10/611 and filed on 3/16/61» by manna:H. JACKO JR., At'.;or.:e;,'-a-.;-Law, 217 Rest. 125m Street, NewYork City, New York. Tne informatzion concerning the1-=0O1'pOI'&F-1011 was iu1~.1is':ed to the Bureau by New Yorkairccl and letterhead. mcrsora:-.d.:m dated 3/'19/64.
c0:~:§;rmAL
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FEDERAL BUREAU OI-' INVESTIGATION
FOIPA DELETED PAGE INFORMATION SHEET
Page s! withheld entirely at this location in the file. One or more of the following
statements, where indicated, explain this deletion.
Deletions were made pursuant to the exemptions indicated below with no segregable material
available for release to you.
ction Q52 Sgctign §§2a
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Information pertained only to a third party with no reference to you or the subject of your
IEQUBSI.
Information pertained only to a third party. Your name is listed in the title only.
Documents originated with another Government agency ies!. These documents were referred
to that agency ie5! for review and direct response to you.
Pages contain information furnished by another Government agency ies!. You will beadvised by the FBI as to the reieasability of this information following our consultation
with the other agency ies!.
Page s] withheld for the following reason s!: _
For your information: iy _ 4% _ y _
The following number is to be used for reference regarding these pages:
A/yras-299?-{swag .
XXXH
DELETED PAGE Sl X
NO DUPLICATION FEE X
FOR THIS PAGE X
Q 0!
NY 100-152759 c0YmENTAL
*1#1=1;:=z. Hs>.§s¢~"=. IE-.<2.-0.0% =¢£@¢;~"i_;_ 3/1546 .e
The first Open meeting 0f the I1~:.slir.z M0sq..e 1.10.was hold on Sunda;,' 8Ve;.i;.3, 3/15/61+, at one Dam Casi.;o, 283:8eve..tn Avenue, New York Ci at 8:00 13.1.1. wiul-1 approxiraa ..e1;-,'in at - uhis
OPE
Muslim I-loggpe Inc. Meeting ;Q2[61¥
The second open mazing of the 3-iuelim Mosque Inc.we held on Sunday eve..:L._g, 3422464, at Rnclzland Palace, BisghimA 6 155th Stree New or City a*' 8:00 p m with an U u . g Iapproximately 1,000 people 1:": attendance. L1forma-510;".~ 1~ .~ :1" this metlocal newapapcra and was se_.ou .. new York airbc and letterhead menera.ndm.1, dazed
3/23/64.
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NY 100-152759
I-CMgslign Mosggle P-c; 15¬ b_°,1$_h.§-1
In addition to the N01 members mentioned above
Inv-e3.;1gatio'.1 01 um orgar.1za£1o=:1 cor.;:Lnu.mE-
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g iii- ' I!uad Charges gg--
Mqlcolm,
By james W. Sullivan OI u Irrsll Trihsss sun _
- I'b1'1ei'B1l¢kMusli.nicader
Malcolm 5 ireeterda! use-dicted wi mild words e
iivered in mild tones to his
.Ju~other's charge that he is
a victim-"01 Irclt mental
illness."
"How ions has this illness
existed?" he asked. Does
he dste it during the time
I was crzanizing the peohl
tcr Hr. Muhammad? I! ,
why didnt he tell I it
then?"
Hie brother. P rt I,
minister oi moss
llichisan cities.
a press con! in Chi-
cago Hm:-sday. that liai-
eoim is "a Brutus. a Bene-
dict Arnold."
'll.a1cc1rn's reckless efforts
viii csuse many oi our un-
suspecting people, who listen
I-_nd4c1.lcw him. unnecessary
hes cf blood end life," he
paid.
"llalssinisdanswer yester-
dsy us that his brother us
tereed to make the unprece-»0
|92 . .
r
_ The X Brothers-
Philbert
92
dented attack to keep dais
job.
We've been [cod friends
all our iives,"*he said. He
hssaicb he needs: that: why
he aid that he did." Phil-
hert. at -ii, is 2 years cider
than llslcoizn.
"1 10: a isct," Mai-
cc mid, that they ew
in Imin Lansinz, Mich"
a Iaript in his hand and
told him to read it. He is
minister of Mosque Ho. 16,
the only one in the nation
of Islam thst is a complete
-failure.
Phiihert also has mosques
in Grand Rapids. Muskelcn
and Hint, Mich. Malcolm was
suspended by his chief, Elijah
lluhainmsd. after he celled
the aslssinaticn oi President
John P. Kennedy chickens
canine home to roost.
His brother eharsed that
llaicolin" is seekini reyenee
alalnlt ltuhammed and
would do anything" to
slander him. Malcolm denied
and del'!ill!Ul'ie
statement he has
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cmrrme mom THE
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EDITIONDATTL¥n ~§/9§/2?/ ** ~
PAG-E__k,e _ : e '7; ed
FORWARDED BY my DIVISION,____._
nor FORWARDED BY NY n:vIsIorz_/
ittlgiirogiuwéow cgrgirnm HER 2 ' - DATE BY 5§k§/ ¢/.119
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Philbert X
mlde which is deroiltory
his tanner leader.He was more hitter aboutthe charge that he ll kgdinlhis people to 1.1!!-I1C¢855IJ"! 108
of le. How can he In thathe: iollowlnl I mln wh
said. 21:11.11 10 mmlon oPedple are killed. therestill be 10 million lctt to
low freedom. iusceequality?" he naked- I haven't nude an! its
ment yet tblt 1| that
treme "
IBOBQ
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H09!!! Clipping In $906! Below!-e ~*--'-'*~__I:r" i*_'---_.._
..,. _ 1 -" - -.+ -92' .
T.-.e 4.-ne-and-e-halt stow
back 1.1:. shingle house with r3,, -;--_.._ __ - . ._., _ .
_.._-.-i- ! __F.
By r.or.":'1 '1' cA.un.1; f ' ""'
3, I YI'.Jl:'-f:_¢p. 2581"] _
I
5
-seven hnck steps flanked by
pine u-ens stands In I mod-
est intcgraiocl neiihborhood it
23-ti Shh St... East Elmhurn,
Qmerls. _ - _ ,_ _
The man who lives Q1311 1|quiet and unassuming Q3 g
..-5.-M ~§@=:~*~=. :.-2.; J-4 1
He is Malcolm X-the ne-1
brand of a new Negro move
Ille-mi Most of his neighbcrg
have a hard time reooncmg
the man who usual! ues I . Y Pi--the in-no oi day when they
WWI? uliih the crator of TV;92r92d public medings. __
Few: oi them even knew'4' 3-9 *-'3. until his reno
me to prominence. §
him W 1116 sneer and aid to "
myeeli ]'hero'5 that hoe I've
seen on TY " slid or.e.n¢1gh.'
5°13 I Wlin oi his own race
who is a practical _|1u|-jg, .
I don: can -for his phiym. -
nhy from start to nish,"
she declared. "I told my hue-'
bmi 0111! recently tin.t'lI we89* he izhance we shook. '
15°" i92"! xrom t:.2:'-8-'1__ _ . .
J Iy- _ _ , . '- < mgun.
1*. . ' ' " '~' -ii.
..__'r: . . - ... -..-.3 .-'-II-Ifi .F" 0 - ~" 7' II;-"
-n .._.-__ ,_l "' "-~... . ~. I l_-. . - .- - - - .4 -_ _ -eJ.- '-_,t. - .-. 1 __. .we-._,'.=-1-'-!! .- .~' - A-:1-".-_-,1 , .- 1CI - w ,92_-_» - ..- r ~ "- ...1. - .-_ ,1, -- - J . up we .. '._'=_ 6.: - , _ . : ' _ _
.,u- . ' ."' .--{.15.
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II - n many people no gullible}
II
. "1didnt know untiltinugi-1- -z__- - .. .¢, '_, ,1.12%,Nerg!zJofs'lF:nd . a Qdiei Malco
.,...._ _ 4-D?- ..A ... . - -_ . . q; -4?. ¢- I
Fund. 2:: _-:-nachcrous mam INyhlnk he: golng 1o_c192l-15¢ I-in-lot. -, _"_- "7 _'J Malcolm X. she we..i on, "has I personal grudge but
"end don't know what the; areliming. they follow him mane.ly. I think his Iollowers areé.the iowest_ oi ignorant, gulli-isle people". .. _, We Have Bu-'1' _
Another neighbor, en elder-.~
1y Negro who ilves directly
lac:-osl the street, excl-.u:.ges92lpleulnt greetings win?-. 2-1;!-eolm X when they mean. Buti
oi Malcolm X: proposal zhatleNegroes arm themselves with.
-ries he comments impatient-ly. Seems to me that woolen!wuorh. We have laws ll: tililéeounuy." . _ ' i
Fa:-' rhe most pert. heD- .-5 _-_ '-u|- - -_- .-'*4 ; ref ' _ _
Im- X, . _
fiinoicuio page name cl _
-92_. __--r..~
ALL INFORY
HEREEN 1+92elghbc.:hoad attitude is, "He;oesm be-Jner me. A R509-li ecper ealkf. him "quiet. and
Halmh X to eeldcm no
lie: the day but wmeum-.3 '.'ne1|! ghu. in his houle burn late
"A cm mumsgon otter Cassius Clay be-l
Wceml heavyweight ¢l'uu?.piOIllhe came eo e-all and signed
yoi.n.:m:'l-_ c . - I
l Kc-.;,1bon may thew arejihree pun: children in Ila!-coir; -rs runny, moqsh they
W; when I reporter tan; the
lbill oecllned to openihe door.l"I'm the baby mm," she aid
Wand turned away. .-.-v,I
92 nose-:mlr.:." but aid s-:-nelol 1.1: lc-Uowen have as.bel1.Egen.11y..-. - . -
around the neighborhcoé. our-Q _
l
on mm. - _ J '.
eutognphl Io: nel8l'l5°l'h0°5i
l .
are atidll seen. " i . _
;doo-bell. o woman .-sgpearieilh
- 4
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Don: , 5,'6u
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I Ciunnciou
_Cleuillcouon:L1. new YORK we-em
TELEGRAH AND 21-;
.1--=»~~== EDIT!-I J. ceun
*=w~== aromas n. Pm
Tm-= mncom 1.1-rm
UNDER 'INVE$TIGA'
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Memorandum 8, W sac, wt rnntcxsoo 5-29163! *
DATE;
aac, IEIAB! 4-169!
FROM Z wRATIO! OF ISLLI ALL INFORMATION COMAINEID .HEREIN I I"
IEma; lei York letter to lievark, 2/28/64.
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1i¬_i*a.n Srudyi'n"g;Whires Only I
1Escape Plan .
; modem hmATLANTA. March 03--A
new plan to escape integri-i mm in being considered byn Ku Kiux Klan leaders who92 spoke II I mass rally nt-
' tended by Block Muslims.. R0'oert Shelton 0! Tusca-- loosa, Aia.. imperial wizardoi the United Klans or Amer-3, ice mt-.. told the Associated' Press last night that theKim is considering a pilot- private-Caucasian communi-
ty."It's still in the plennlng- stage, he said, "and it may
be more than a ur beioreto provide recreation mm-ties, community houses,schools and churches, in od-dition to housing." he said.
1000 at Balls
Both Klan lenders spoke to
an esmlil 1000 persons ttthe any in downtown At- 92lama. Their target: were thecivil nghu bill. Mayor IvmAllen Jr. o! Athnu, PoliceChiel Herbert T. Jenkins andAttorney Generl.i_ Robert F.Kennedy. I
White perlnl predomi-nlted in the crbwd. But Jer-emiah X. lender o1 the At-
lanta Black Muslim move 92CLIP? ING FROM THE
N1 1:"-_n 1-.1_1."92:.:r.t1 l. $15"
EDITION .
om-:___ CMR33 task _ *1
PAGE_______r_ _ I ___
FORWARDED BY NY DIVISIONmsnhineil . mm mi, mm, 0, me not FORWARDED B1 NY DIVISION_4_/
0"" Mwim K Student Non-violent Coordi- ; Elrlier. at a rally in At- noting committee also were 'inntn, Calvin Craig. the present. -.grind drlzon oi the Gwrsin said C1'llI,Q.ckn0W1e3irI£ VKiln, delcribed Io:-rner Mum the pretence oi Jeru'n1lh_ X Iiim leader Malcolm X no the and an aide: I hove more .coming Negro 1ea.der.He aid respect tor Jerunnh thm I ;Dr. Martin Luther King 1r.. or the mayor or Atlmu.president or the Southern 1-other have the two Ne ,Christina Leadership 0on1er- groes than two gcallwaga ienoe,,"hl-5 gone ll for ll he from the mlybfl oice."an witghthepeaoetui ms; qq. 0, gm;Mm ° '5 re Theontyirnddentoeeunedum we mm Pena my when I white youth who no $y":tm{_?,m' tn at mt oompun-ted two Negmel wu- '- ' strudt m me mo: by a rohedshdtm- M the 5951' .1cunI:ne- Police. out In ixmum project Pmhmy'm tome, Qevote moot oi 92he!! Ag, p{FQ"§-1AT1ON com-».INEI>s:%%;*z;l?$E£2>?§¬£.%u=1I¢z;Z'¢%
441 It
Jae attempted on 45 or 50 mulhndmmyh. oontoou-ectlnlu-olc.
hundred homel~'rhe teem-ru will be tor the White
Cauensilnnaoe. _ We -want tn erelte
eoonomytorthewhitean orguuutioo w
qg_Ei__o921ruwn:nfmroovnulewewe mzi 5rR.;.z£¢i#jjjjjjNelltlil C111: odd:1 Mlnit III! lthnnnl at-
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?MoIcoIm's lBrolFeT To
I ' 92 ' _-C allsi Him 'Dahgef i
' cmceoo, Mal-=11 21 UPI!. - A brother of Black.
_l[l1S11I!1 detector Malcolm
brother, Malcolm," as a ta
people. _ _'
The reeei efforts el III
heather. ltaleoim. will euee
man! at our nnanspeclinl
people who listen and follow
him unnneaury lees er blood
and lite, Phllbert I call.
Phllbert I. I Black Muslim
minister. talked yesterday
about hla brother at a press
conference on Ch1ea|oe South
Bide. l
DOESN'T BEAN 1'1
E Plallbert x meleinee he em
-not believe that Malcolm Z;
lwhom he last new In November
;betore the aaeaeelnatlon of
P1-ealdent Kennedy, really
emeantn to ahoot it out with his
L llalcohn x announced re-;
cent]; he I'll organizing Nerve
-_nllltla troupe to ea:-1'1 nna
jam! ehoot back ll lhot at.
_ Phllbert. X zald he reared
-that men; people by their
Ignorance" would be encour-
:aaed to vlolepea BI lhlcolmi
-etatementl. _ '
. "I an all-are of the neat
0 I Q h
netted I! nether whom I love
iand one at I! other brnthen,.... - ,.. ._"'.92..
denouncecl "My wayward
my mum Ha!eolm."_Phllbert
x eald.
1 He ma he introduced am-
lewel et nothing to e place er
honor and relnect through thelse prophet to the Negrol 7* j 1
colm to the Black Muslim CLIPPING FROM THE
movement. ~ Maleolm Ina raised h-on a92 NY W
:.';":::;,: 1;.-,;=1:,~;;_:*,,,","..;l Em oN
dlrectio ," he laid. 1 An znptr bag make: a DATE j "' 1'] " @£
,.-.. ..... ..-... _ .
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:
lndlhlchililllhanhkeni
Volnolae, runbenxnala. V "-"" * l Z 7-
PAGEM__ __ __._ 1/__e e 1 1-
FORWARDED BY HY DIVISION_______
NOT FORWARDED BY NY DIVISION !
E ALL INF0RMAr'l;IQNSgQ?¬_TlmE9 1 nsazn: 1= ' - - E2 234/ o:c:£_£'aZ !'1£¢ -BYE; 79/
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Rdpped by Brother
-p
nil-eh 2': CDNI-Amemb-er of h.is_ ownfamily bitterly oohdemns former Black Muslim leader
Malcolm X as trying to lead Negroes into vio1enoe,'blood-
Phllbert x, n 'm1nlster orMuhammad: mosque oi I.-lamin a four-city Michignn uefnndwone oi Malcolm's two elder
llhlented public gttack It |._preQ
IM slime otter o_1I.lpule with
t ,movemem|d92ie1:e!l¢loushrotherl. delivered In I-mpr'o<=E--
oonlerence here yesterday. He called Malcolm cunning?and clever" and said U5 "1¢¢k-l
lemeorte...w11leouseml!IY§
cl our uneuspeednc people who
Ilsten end follow him unneces-ary Ion of blood and life." Jkn, who ieit the Blink
I r; Elijah Muhemme. re-iy announced he was torm-
ing his own or:anl.zItlon- lAt that tlrne he stated:
"It is dangeroueand crh-ulna!tor Negro leaders to siren-84112
must be taught how to detendthemselves under attack. Theymust he taught how to userifles and shotguns." _ _ ' 5Shed and loss or may Phllbert ass;'fed hls llrother
"would do anything" to achieve
lune and to slander Muhammad
out of 1 feeling of revenge.
Malcolm has ohways prided
himself on being a great user
ol PB°Pl¢, especially women,"the -minister continued, me!
now he seek! to prevail upon
women who imforturlltely were
week and went oomnry to
ugh women
Induce men to
lenveuemovementandmeuse
inuential jluslizns o! miscon-
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1 31bB | pike has tarnished reliable infern-tioa in e past adviaed on 3/22/64 national leaders atthe Iation oi iaiaa diacuaeed the tact that ILUZOLHLITILI III to azpear on "at Landon" natnrday aiufht 8/I8/M!.ilsey commented bat it seemed as it M11201-I In d be iaChieaab on that data and added that they would pan theintonation on to IL!-I-H Itmllllll ia Phoenix-
-at landon" ie a local television Jamel-type
alum appearing on Channel 8, Chicago.
Chicago plane to tape the instant uhov itIILIIZOUI does appear. It ll!£0LI'a eonnenta are anunaiand have not been pa-eviouali made public, they viii beIuraiahed to the lureau ia etterheed aenoranliuiuitable tor diaeciaation. It Bw0Ll'a excite areeitbetypethat helaabeenaaaiagiareuatdaya, thetraalcriptioa will be Iona:-ed auntiaely to the lureaa
and lee Ion.
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1Rooting yon Rev. :i I i Copies re Olcsl CltocloTO:SAC, lnr mg?
Albany B I-loaeion CI Norlcik G Iashinqian Fieldbuquams Indianapolis Oklahoma Ciiy C] Ooanticonchorago Jacksonville OmahaAilania Kansaa Cliy @ Philtldllphl 1'0 LQGATIBaliisrors Knoxville Phoenix BarnE Bu-ninohan B Lac Vsqas E Pliishurqh B BonnE] Bcaion Liiila Rack U Portland LondonBullalo on Anqeias Richmond MadridBuiia Louilvilla E Bi. Louie ManilaCharloilo Memphis Sal! Lake City Notice. D- F.E Chicago E Nliarni E San Antonio OiiawaE Cincinnail E iiiilwaatao E San Dllqo Paris Cleveland Minneapolis San I-rancioca FionaHohlls San Joan 8 Rio do Janoiroh 'l k g Newark g Savanna _ o yaNew avon Eoaitlo
E §r|:;ni:l.lald M larch 23, l964 jDallas
Denver
Detroit
E El PasaHonolulu
"'comnm1s'r PARTY, usa .
mono Qunsnoucomnnusr mrmmncr. In morn. iwrrnnsINTERNAL ancunrrr - c __ gM '
SECURITY - C .-U For into:-srailoa For appropriate '
U The ancloasd in for your lnlar-nation. ll
all lourcol, U paraphrase coniaois.
G Encloaed are corrected paoal Iron rapori oi
dated _Iunu BeNYairte1 3-18-64 and LEM same date.Page 6 oi the LEM has been rewritten at the =Bu to change the characterization oi .Malcolm I. to read as tollows: "On larch 12, -1964, Malcolm X. Little publicly announced theiormation oi Muslim Mosque, Inc., the philo- _aophy oi which will be black nationalism." , .
_.92'r:ggnT1o1i= lsag, HETLYORKTentatively nae above characterization for }Malcolm K. until your ottice receives Bureau 1'approval tor characterization oi Iuslin
Ioaque, Inc.1.
Eric.Bums 100-3-116, 100-358916-mun HY £1105 100-151548, 100-913305T £1103 100-6520, 100-6078
. Ag, n~z}=oF;nA'r§f__§F IF _. 1 ./t %% B 18/F?
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0-gtageilie laid, "and it may be
_biack nationalist Malcolm X as. = {.J ~
iv-_-an--.__ -..- .-a>- - -0-1--a-.a.-he-.,__._ _a_--_-_ _- -A_~7*' - _ _ 4.--F
- ~ - . ; ' >Klan Plans aWhite
--And Praises Malcolm X}
._ Atlanta, March 23 AP!-A new plan to-escape integnttion is being consideredby Kn Klux Klan leaders who spoke at a mass Klan rally attended by Black uslims.
Robert Shelton oi 'Iuscaioosa,eALa.. Imperial Wizard ot theUnited Klan! 0! America. 1'-I"?-itold the Associated Press in aninterview last night. that Klanis considering a pilot PIi"li=Caucasian community. i -
It's um in the rilnoins .
more than _a year beiore any-ting is started. Architects areworking on it now.
Earlier, at a rally in Atlanta.Calvin Craiz. the grand dragonoi the Georgia Klan, debt-fibed». .
92
the coining Negro Leader. Heaaid that Dr. Martin LutherKing Jr., president oi the South-ern Cltrtsiian Leadership Con-lerence, has gone as tar as hecan with the peacetul movement. l
The Negroes realize that evenwith peace, they are not goingto get what they wan-t." -
Craig said the Klan was not_looking !or trouble but would
use what he called jet-age re-gistanoe. "We'll light ii we'reattacited, he said. '
Shelton laid the experimentalproject porbabiy will be at-.tempted on I5 or 50 aerel ot-mn with maybe a hundred!
-l|olIles. The hciiitles will be tor;
the Whit: ;
X/'
92.The location has not ti; 7 W J
termined. he said, but probably
will, be somewhere betweeniilimingham and Tuscaloosa.
. We want to create an econo-
my tor the white man, an or-ganization where we can put
our own money to our own use.
We also want to provide recrea-
tion tacilities, community houses,
schools and churches in addition
to housing," he said.Both Klan leaders spoke to
an estimated 1,000 persons at therally in downtown Atlanta. Theirtargets were the civil rightsbill, Mayor Ivan Alien Jr. 01
Atlanta, Police chiet Herbert .
Jenkins and Atty. Gen. Robe
F. Kennedy.CLIPP ING FROM Ti-E
NY ;. 1 rust _
'___; t-4:1 tT~ : 7 '_ Q
ED 1'r1on_ Z
I
DATE __ ma 2 3 1°-Q
Pt'iGE_ _ i _
FORWARDED BY I-TY DIVISION___
White persons predomjnai " °i',{,°',.§;.'i,;";-..f,{§.."§,..,:92 not FORWARDED BY mt DIVISION _-/
leader oilim movement, and members oi
gm:'rAiN'r'Zi3' _ intrtw. :=.1'}I_1§_."*i F - - .. 9/L ¢
om:
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5! -3 ...2, _-...
,_' .. J;- 5.3.-mL3h.u1em Nonviolent Coordi-
nating Comrnittee"'1Bo-were
present. _
Said Craig. acknowledging the
praence at Jeremiah X and an
aide: I have more respect for
. Jeremiah than I do for the
92 Mayor of Atlanta. I'd rather
l have the two Negroes than two
aealawags trom the "Mayor's.. ofcehu 1
The only incident occured
1; when a white youth who accom-
panied two Negroes was struck
. in the back by a robed Klem-man. ' '
About 200 Klansrnen attended. i
At one point during the meeting
a number or White persons sur-'
. sounded several Negroes. Craig
t saw what was goin on and said: i
"Leave those Negroes alone.
get them come in Q8802 Andi
hear what we have g__,1.u_,.. .4 . I-I fl ¢
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It it burns their ears, let it."
to-no I4-I-ill-,_ --.. :~,-_:.--..__'.. .- - . .7 ',"-7;""."~* 3".*i'*-'1 '__ __,;.__ ,&K.£;,@o..»-92__ _ i_.- _.__.v.- .. _'. -".-~';=§. . - -I . ,~,...,_ .
V f if f Vii? lift!!! c|| |!92.i|liWsPOEI Colon] i 7 _*. -- ;-
I
i.a
mi: oi Negroes to convene in
_ _ Jiine to iorm a black nation
alist party or a black nation
' alist army."
Asserting that American Ne
groes are iaceri with a choice
hctwoen "ballots or bullets
Malcolm rejected the philoso-
w_,1pi'|_92' oi non-violence that has
' - -,7 ch!i|Iciei'i1ori the civil rights
' . mov- iirnt iiniii now, saying
Nu more ruining the other
There will be non
me only with those who
nil Vi0it"i'll with us
i threatens to he an ex-
plosive year."
IMO Cheer Him .
-king yesterday b e I o r e
cheering Negroes in the
-d Palace, Eighth Ave.
W. 155th 2-~t., Malcolm said
was a million regis-
vntorli in a blaclt nation-
rt
joins the Democratic
world be a ti'a.iior." 4New York between now andit . ;iviaicoim X Coiling Negroes f
To Bullets or Ba|io'i's' Drive
i liialmim X. Negro national-imonth, told the di h
istcr. but was not seeking to
convert Christian Negroes to
his iaith He likened his posi
tion to that oi the Rev Martin
Luther King Jr and the Rev
Milton A Galamlson, who
lll'll tor human rights as
Christian ministers
Meanwhile Mr Gaiamison
said yesterday there was a 50
to 50 chance that a third
school boycott would be held
between now and June
-9292 ork Siioppage
Speaking on the WABCTV
prograi-n, Page One, the Brook
lyn clergyman also said thpt
plans tor a work stoppage
April 22, opening day oi the
World: Fair, were not det-
iinite.
Mr. Giiianiison. who lost theW47;
progress was being made
On another tttont, both Hr
Gaiamison and Malcolm X
came in tor aharp criticism
from Rep Emanuel Ceiler {D
Bkivn 1, a longtime supporter
oi civil rights He character
ized the two men as 'exti-em
ists who are doing a great
dis--9i"V|CE to the civil rig
movement
He said Malcolm was "en-
couraging vlolence by predict
ing that 1964 would be an eat
plosive" year. and he called
the school boycotts organized
by Mr. Gaian-iiaons Cltywi
Committee for lntegra
sclioula nihlila-n" and -;92
ions."
Ceiier spoke on the WNBG
TV Searchlight program. ,'
support of major civil rights
groups in a second achool boy-
cott last week, aald a meeting
was lcheduled lor some time-I-h':--'v|Iu um qny New-0 this week with re res-entativeiP
1th gi-o pa.'l'he'obi ve:'5}» rec-eatou Q. unlte
Malcolm. who left the aiaeiiiK, e.-Lswem nt
MFR? it!-- . co»?
3|-2%F"- . .92-rt?-§-;{~3~4';:{;;.t:n.-rt Ii?-zt ~".*E=§ '¢i>2-i%*;'.'-,.2
::;=: rs-"i.
"-I-,':
1- .:- ~-':e eai-iTe"r=fiiil#'
ALL I
HERE1
D TEi-igiiu tnont. . ______ l
'Iiiougi-1 negotlliloria t8"'wa.rd
-§Ilb,92 an enoe e that end were in progress, he
ist |tlt'itI'. wants a mass nieet- was speaking as a Muslim min- said, it was hard to tell" ll-_
. . - I a .5
i . . . .4ii ' ' i . ' ' '
. I.11 ' " ' ' ..|
' . Ir - 92_ ll
1 .. _ A ;
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-~ -ssi indicate pogo, acne oi .
aawlpdpll, cit! Ind ltilll-l
_2_ new YORK WORLD
'IELEGRAll Ann ms suit
ai-I
i
»°"" 3/23/ll
Eamon:
Author!Editor: .rm-= i-uinco Irma
1 UNDER IIVESTIG-T10!
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I'_ lists of any roliziu or creed.. -p-. ~_ _
1.000 IN HARLEM J
1 CHEER lllALO0LM X
l
Ballots or Bullets Program
Urged by Black Muslim 92
A lhm--nd enthusiastic Ne-
2"" "lI*""'~i Mnlroim X last
night oh-~n he exhorted them by,
Ill-~'l-11 im: "it's time for you and
mo In lot the Government know
ll": ballot.--or bullets."
Ii. was the 38-year-old Black'1l192==llm's first public rally since!lhe broke or! March ll 'Irnr1~| Eu-l
jah Muhammad: Nlinn of 1;.
92- . m to urganiro Pi-92--l-r N'nl.im|-i{rho rn-l-nr: ionic place in ti-|
Rochinwl Palace, West 155t
.5hc0l and Flighth Avenue.
His rst effort. Malcolm
announced. would be a. vote,
iI"'53F"'=92i.ion rlrlve- Negro votes.
he. aaitl. ban "power to deter-.
'PIlli'1" who vuli alt In the White;
"misc on-l who will ait in thel'92'92I:h'§l92-151". But down South, he;
as-wriod, "In order to start cast-'ling hnllnhl, you IIIVI lb havel
aome bullets."| To win control politically and
economically of their own oom-lmunitiea, Malcolm It urged "22
million lo-called Negroes" to
ijrvin any Black Nationalist or-grnizatlon or any orga_ni.aao,iwuwq. Ill flv. ~|
m. INFORMATION c0NTAINE° . . '_ Pan-,1--or Army |
By May or June, he'aau'l, themovement could hold a national
convention here- It they won't
let. ua have Madison square;Garden, maybe we an have itin Times Square. Then, he wetl;
Ion. amid applause, "ll ii.'a ne-ii
essary to form a Black Na-1tionaiist party-or a Black Na-;|tionalisi. anny-we'll torm it. Another tactic he proposed{was to "inierna.i:lonaliae' the.civil rights problem here to a
human right; iesllr. Whirl! W01-lld_allow it to be taken to the
United Nations. In t.he world
organization, he said, AmericanNegroea would have trienda in
kirican nations and "800 mliilor
incse."Introduced by Malcolm X a.
trong Black Nationalists wor
,l1e Rev. Nelson C. Dukes. rl-'=
tor of the Fountain SpringBaptist Church. 158 West 126th
street, and Jesse Gray. leader
of current Harlem rent strikes.
They were in the audience.Despite -his break with theNation of Islam, Malcolm X
aeveral limes tool: pains to my
he had taken some 0! his idr-Ia
lrom Elijah Muhammad. "I wasatanding on the platform," helnterjected at one point, 'il'IenI heard him nay it 10 millionof us die. l.here'ii be 10 million
of us lr-it to enjoy freedom."Promising regular Sundaynight rallies, Malcolm X an-nounced sessions March II.April 5 and April 12 at theAudubon Ba.llr00II92. lldtb u-eel.
and Broadwax.He laid la new Mualiln
I id bold I'll!- lloaque. ne., Iongum service; at the tbareHotel. llrveith Avenue and
125th Btreet.92-
L_ __ __ 1__ _ _ ________ CW , NOW! Clipping lnjpaeo Helen! L - _ ~- e ____ _. ___.... ,___,.,,.._~ _ T .
;-learn-w '~*=su=1 -DA'rsLlé' it-B! / -
51¢-llndlr.-ale pdqo, none oi
nearapllpl, cliy and null-I
1
l
L'v
0
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om. 3/33/63 '-
Edillon: I
Author:
Editor:
rm-= HALCO1-H LITTLE
UNDER IIVEBTIGI T10!
Charnehrr
. or
I Cluaalliaouona N
_lainmiae Ollleei
' suncueo ' :o._......' f_
seautuzMAR 2 s -.254 '.18. HEW YORK TIMES -
_'
BK;
b9292...i
¢
aw. M W j
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IONPQENUAE
} P 2-} In
.-an snrorem-nor: commmn
I-EEFZEIH ES UNCU-92SS1FlED
EXCEPT WHERE SHONE
OTH¬FZ.'.'i5£
Reference NY airtel to Breau and
Charlotte dated 3/18/6%.
By referenced airtel the Bureau and theCharlotte office have been advised of the pertinentinformation being set out below. By means of thismemorandum complete dissemination of this information
is being made.7
by A27
9HNBHyon:0lD8
57$ELM/4%; '-ak
/
CONF1x?~1TlA[
4-150 rm. 12-1|~aa! ' JMXXXXXJOCXXX
XXXXXX
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
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CLIPPING FROM THE
fcpzces u reeolt i his ranks. His disc_:i!_:_1_ . HY ' ' _3 5 -"&"" "'"
GERTRUDE §lMUiL§, I ill wriier fol The
Time: Megnine. has eiten written on aspect: of
the race pmblem, in New York and elsewhere. EDITION _
DATE_ --_2,_1,.»;; /i_ 7 T
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IOfficially. the Black Muslims pi-each_____' a=--nolviiolence and honor the 1aw."M¬Tnyoutsiders, however, feel that therela the threat of violence implicit inthe fanatical preaching of race hatred.in the rigid discipline maintained bymembers, and in the secret army--theblack-clad Fruit of Islam-well-drilledunits schooled in the use oi rearms.But experts describe the movement'sposture as one of "contained aggres-siveness." largely becuse of the eon-eepts oi its eharismltic leader, Elijah
lluhanunnd».
ACCORDING to legend, the move-ment bcgan when a "Prophet" appearedDetroit in the nineteen-thirties de-nouncing Chrietianlty and the whiteman. Before "disappearing," he ap-pointed Muhammad as his Messen-ger and endowed him with divine guid-ance. Muhammad, born Elijah Poole in1891 at Sandcrsville, Ga, is the un-educated but dynamic son of a Baptistminister. The Muslims began to thriveunder Muhammad about the time thecivil rights movement Ipread in thetitties. Temples and commercial enter-pggg gupported by ualim money grewand ourished in various cities thoughheadquarters were in Chiutgo whereMuhammad sat. He and his eons--andnotably his son-in-law, Raymond Shar-rieit. Supreme Captain of the Fruit of
Ialarn were all-powerful author-itarians. iiischewlng politics and thevote, keeping their attlgth secret. theywelded a monolithic organization. Theydemanded and got blind and unsWerv-ing obedience to the lpiritual leader,
Elijah mlhammad.In the peat tvlo Ileelu. that anil-dlrity hal been broken by a once-trusted lieutenant The eIe1ne:_g_ts atBenin. racialvlolenoeandoiactlon -;£_* ~.~'; - . w>Y~t --""2" ="v'92'.' Y. 'r~~.'- " 1--..~'--r - < ~. - _ - . ~ _-. , . .. . .. w*"i 2r"§*:' ": *1--i - -e-t~f*'~.'>1'l5'=* 1:: = -- -.-:0"-'=."-; - " -'~ *-"*§">*"*~-.'"-* . e 92 92 .__.l 5, If ., _:q,*;}_ 92_F,p__}"?: at w I, '-.".-?.-*.--:-»-"<;-t<'l.=--" - "J _,;I- 1 -' ;- -. - ' *- 1- --r~-.: '-' . '* ;-.~.~.':@t-.=~'~::.l<~.»..' , -,#1é§rcda§:g:2i_L1=_-l-33"-.r: . ,. - . ._ .
.5 - I '.Q -
in 9'8 P°1lUI=l1 as-no are being pm-'1¢¢*¢d by I rival lnovunent, "Black
Nationalism." The two principal en-
tagnnists are: hllnllter Malcolm X.
New York leader of the Muslims; and
PM "1*w~=nser of M1=h."1mumrr.ao.
MALCOLM X
CERTJJNLY the net: moat adept="ll¢B'ist. uncompromising in hil
contention that Negroes will never
get justice from white people, lug
been 38-year-old Illloolm X. Born
Hilcolm Little in Omaha. Nebr, he b
an ul-convict who abeorbed the Hul-
lim religion while serving a eeven-year
aentence for larotmy in Maaeachuaetta.
Once out of pg-hon, he hog mg
Dist lire along with his original aur-nlle. as well as an alias, Big Red"!
endadoptedi.henevr|a.stnameX.Thlaii Women Practice among Muslims.who adopt the symbolic X to connote
the mystery of their origins.
Tall, dynamic. with rugged goodK looks, Malcolm rose in the aect to be-
I
Ioorne the Big X-and the Meacenge;-'e
ambassador to the Ialamic countries oi
the Middle East and Alrica. l-lls am-
92'°Yal92l l1!'1B- ll-ll litlng humor and the
brutal clarity of hi. l9gi¢_m¢ mu
"W1 ll responsible tor the degradation
>1 we N=grou-ate; in white ludi-
encesaaertseoleolleciivegiult At
T-he III!!! time. he wins admiration
from Negroes, whose bitterness he ean
explou , ' . rm
,_,.,__'!lj|,e turnout: _lqr llaloolm X at ver-i0l8lNe l'l> -
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ngrl white colleges. including
Harvard," make civil rights
leaders unhappy. And in the
past few months as he began
to overshadow Muhammad and
the Chicago-based officials,
Muslim leaders also became
unhappy. Muhammad moved
to silence him. His opportunity
was not long in coming.
When Malcolm X told I
Black Muslim rally at Man-
hattan Center that the assas-
sination of President Kennedy
was an instance of "the chick-
ens coming home to roost."
Muhammad rebuked him. say-
ing. "He will not he permit-
ted to speak in public." That.
under the code. seemed to end
Malcolm: career.
But after 90 days of si-
lence. he broke the code with
a public announcement on
March 8 that he was leav-
ing the Muslims to organise
his own party. He told a tele-
vision audicnce. It hard to
make a rooster stop crowing
once the sun has risen." He
claims that he has only ere
ated a new mosque in New
York, the Muslim Mosque. Inc.
But he calls his philosophy-
political. economic. social and
_cultul'l1 - "Black National-
in."
OVER a gins of ginger ale
1he other day he eats only
one meal a day. and, like all
Moslems. eschews smelting.
drinking. gambling and the
eating of pOl"|t|, Malcolm
talked of his ambitions. The
three elements that distinguish
his new party from the old
group are: ll personal inde-
pendence that will allow him
to act. speak and be seen as
master ot his own house; 1
"self defense units rie
clubs - ready to "execute on
the spot those who threaten
Nr-croes; 13! nationalist ap-
peal to all Negroes, not just
Muslims, allowing cooperation
with the interracial civil
_"r'i a_:ht_< movement.
H 'l"h'is"new program is anath--::f-.~'=.';-.92~- .-2---n - '- --.- 1..-.-.-.1=a~-- - ' . . * 92 --~-»- ---.--t, ....- . .__-- _ ".~;-.-i:s'.i'.4. -Z-t!"'.__"_ - _- ~»;op-._=.:§-_E;jz,:1.;*_ ' _ '-_'.-.= -': 1' -_'.j'_li";.," ...-_-392;r-..§?i-_:..=-.q-_-.'.~'-'>_=j_¢';2;c"£'.'~:,' ';
.14 ~r..-.-..~i|i"_92|_-Ju-92.:n..¢t _I
ema to Muhammad's Mus-__
lims. Yet Malcolm X "_".:i.sist.-.
that he is "and always will
be" a Muslim and that. so tar
as he is concerned. Muham-
mad cannot reject him be-
cause no Muslim can be re-
jected by the spiritual head.
But it is time tor the Ne-
groes to defend themselves,"
Malcolm said. "If no one will
say that, I wilL It a person
threatens you, by coming in
the churches, bombing the
churches, killing little girls,
shooting little boys, then the
Negroes should defend them-
selves, even li it means tak-
ing ries and shotguns, and
driving from our door the peo-
ple who are brutallzing
Negroes. The Negroes should
not wait for white investi-_
gators. They should find th
guilty ones themselves and ex
ccute them on the spot.
E VERY American citizen-
is guaranteed under the Con-
stitution the right to bear arms
in sell-defense. Since he has
the legal right to own a shot-
gun or rifle, I would advise
the Negro to have one." Later,
Malcolm told a press confer-
ence that Negroe "should
form rifle clubs" to defend
their lives and property.
All the past actions of the
demonstrations and the sit-ins
and boycotts have been imma-
ture, boyish; that's Why," he
added contemptuously, "they
call the Negroes boys " The
time has come for Negroes to
fight back. he said. He in-
tends to tell the Negroes
"that what has been called the
Negro revolution in the United
Slates is a deception practiced
upon them. because they have
only to examine the failure of
this so-called revolution to pro-
duee any positive results in
the past year. I shall tell them
what a real revolution means."
In my conversation. I
asked him: "Do you expect
then to initiate it Cuban or an
Algerian-style revolution 1'"
I say that it you follow theQ-;,__-
°|"ii°I'l. you have to expect
the Negroes to rise up soomr
or later."
He still appears adamant in
his concept of aseparate stat;
""1 Sliilratlon of the races
though he is prepared to irt
with the interracial elvil
l18hts organizations.
His aim. new that he is on
his own, Malcolm says, "i| to
WOT]! With ClVi] right; g|'°up,.
I1 they are willing to raise the
caliber et their own hm,-,1;
communities - and not formI " _ - _ F I -.-cw A-.1r:J.H.'sz?-ii.-¢:.:.~.ers»tJ.r.'?»92£;}:j'§~l';3;¢'{>£s]H.Q.£'}!92.0.r-an '1: _g|,_92,_- -1'11 l" -- ' -~'-- - -Q! x " V -.' T T "":-*"-r7-'-"- "-' '--v '- ' ' -- .> 4- ;.92.. - - _- ~ -.- l ~ ' . - s. -¢' 1- ~-.- _ _ . -H
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to see some new tacos . . .
more militant ea"! Hg gn-
P¢<=tl his party to enter poll-'
=I and. by educating Negroes-
ln the mechanics of politic:
and the vote, "to control the
- l>°liticians of our corn:-nunlty."
"There are three times as
ml!!! Negroes as Jews in this
¢°l1IllI,V." he added. blandly,
Yet when It comes to political
Power, the Jews have 90 time;
as much pqwa as the Ne-I
green." ' if
"I reel. gun uneolm x,
ra.._ , .. ,
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BODYGUARD-A member of us Full 1| |11g||92, it, N", u I. -
sllocl troops, juolds Malcolm X it rllitl If I Justin, u
"semi into white neighbor-
hoods where they are at
wanted. Separation -- a gy-
arate statels a good ,1-
lnd it ll something that yuu
have to have to be independmt
35¢ Qqltll. At present, Lb.
black people are seg'reg92tg¢
What we want is sepai-g,t;',|n.._
independence."
Where?
No dsert spot," he u. vvvlwthing em has tailed.-_Lice! that all the efforts on
PO-rt Of Neg"!!! group
Wwsh lacs have met wits}
failure. The Neg-rug ga-
""511 say thefrq
angrter. the up-1.
es't."' _ p
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he adjurcs the faiihiill.
a IF-nu tney shout bark fervently,. .0
or!"
There have heen few smiles
ince Malcolm formed his newwill! Teach us, Messen-
. i-'ilty. indeed, Elijah M'l|ll:lm-
- had thundered like the wrath
"-oi Allah as he told me by tel-
phune from his home in Chi-
ago:
"Malcolm's plans have had
n effect at all on the move-
ient. My work ls divine work.
and the people hell:-ve in what
l am leaching, of the resur-
rection from the dealhlhe
mental rleath- oi my people.
Anyone who deviates from
lslani in a hypocrite."
X,-rllF:N he learned that
Malcolm still spolnc favorably
of him and Salli he rnnlained I.
Muslim, Muhammad said sn-
grily: if he spoke favorably,
he has no alternative hut to re-
main with me -lt ho believes
in the Divine hlcssane that Ai-
lah has given to me to deliver
to my people. lie would not go
after other groups who have
not accepted Islam.
"There is no weeping nr
moaning over anyone who
leaves Islam. as such a man is
a deviate or hypocrite. who
does not want to live under
the guidance ot God's Messen-
ger.
Mom belief counts for
nothing in Islam. unless car-
ried into practice. I-lcs prepar-
ing our people to tinr! them-
selves and to fight-I heard
him on television. It is very
silly tn say such a thing. be-
cause where are they going to
get guns and arms?
I am in favor of what I
have been teaching tor the
past. years, all over the coun-
try oi America," liluha_mmad
went on. "that we carry no
arms, and we do not seek to
win victory with arms. We
follow what Allah has revealed
and that ls, be our own
selves. and do nothing to oth-
ers that we would not have_ t. »|,_ _ ._ .-_-_p_ -"" .",'. _.
.-35¢ _ ___ 92 H ._." L1/V. :_:_ _" JV; 1.. - -'..,__='__.:_.., -.. _
tor several years as lacing a
Muslirn and a hr-liever'in the
teachings and revelations of
Allah that lie has given to me.
Nnw he has turned away to go
after snnletl-ling that he him-
self has been criticizing-to
the clvll-riglilcrs increment."
Then Muhammad added
quietly, "This particular work
of reforming the so-called Ne-
gro, so he can take his place
in society, cannot be done by
anyone who ha; not got, with
him divine guidance, lt is
absolutely divine Writ. glllficd
divinely. Malcolm had that as
long as he was with me." The
old man underscored this
heavily and, it seemed, sadly.
"But otherwise he docs not
have it. I think religious aci-
enlists and scholars ltlloi
that our people will have to
be completely retorrnedand
Malcolm's way is not the way
to reforrn them."
O O I I
f HE reaction to Malcolm's1 new role by-national elv-
li-rights leaders ranges from
Skepllcism to puzzlemcnt and
worry, some claim indifference
to the split in the Muslim
movement. The Muslims. they
say, were really repudiated by
the Negro masses at the his-
toric march on Washlnlim
last year. which dramatized
how deeply the Negroes he-
lleve in and seek an integrated
America. They have been on
s tlctline ever -*l"¢¢. ""1
Malcolm's breakaway W85 I
move of desperation, alter his
public rebuke. since he saw the
handwriting on the wall.
Some in this group believe
that Malcolm L1 a creature
of the press, radio and televi-
plon_ An one spokesman pill.
It. They seem to get a mas-
ochistic kick out of Malcolm's
giving them hell."
As for Malcolm's statements
about "self-defense," they be
lleve that he will be as unsuc-
cessful in selling the masses oi
Negroes on rie clubs and vio-
lent action as he wlul in selling
them on a separate state.-
-r."~92--I --1"-.'i.'t-.., it.-_'- __l__ __ ,_-. LI i
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iby Uieir alootness from the
civil-rights movement New
they are wondering whether
Malcolm has suddenly become
a. dedicated man or "remain!
a charlatan." As one expert
put it. "He maybe I. Tro-
jan horse proceeding, under
the g-ui.-so and protection oi
Muhanimacl. but actually ma-
neuvering to get into the
civil-rights movement." These
leaders are adopting a Walt-
and-see attitude. They neither
condemn nor cheer the "new
Malcolm," but will wait and
study his program and his
sponsors.
As Roy Wilitill-I. executive
secretary of the N.A.A.C.P.
puts it: "We do not know
whether he intends to help
American Negro citizens in
their civil rights campaign.
or whether he really is serious
in wooing them to some kind
of a Black Nationalist sep-
.arate state."
Certainly Malcolm's attempts
o appeal to Christian as well
as Muslim Negroes, and his at-
crnpt to make his temple all
things to all black men trou-
ble many objective outsiders.
Some Chicago Muslims are
in his corner. It is expected
that other young Muslims to
the New York and Washington
temples will follow, as may
the disgruntled trom the
N.A.A.C.P. and CORE the
Congress of Racial Equality!,
as well as from the unorgan-
ized rriasses.
IT is this last, unknown quan-
titythe masses of Negroes
who do not belong to the civil-
rights movernmlithat con-
cerns many thoughtful observ-
O'iS- '
Prof. C. Eric Lincoln of
Clark College. author of the
definitive study ol the Black
Muslims, says:
- There isanincreasirlg num-
ber of Negroes who feel that
nonviolc-nee has run its course,
and they are disillu.92iot'icd."Ws "Jr-:;_L_r
zens. The student leaders tlbld
them that what used to be a
student movement now in-
volvea the total Negro coni-
munity." Arld this, reflects
Professor Lincoln, includes
people who are not necessarily
commltted to the philosophy
or nonviolence.
OP immense interest to ob-
servers, as Malcolm opens his
drive for recruits to his politi-
cal party. is its financing, I-lo
has said that he will accept
money from any source. in-
cluding white people who,
however. can't join his group,
"because when whites join an
organization. they usually out-
join it." There is speculation
whether Malcolm will be get-
ting at least petty cosh from
his most picturesque recruit
to the Black Muslims, the
heavyweight champion of the
world, Cassius X tClay1. The
22-YER!-old fighter wllclrrl a
Negro reporter has dubbed
the Clown Prince of the move-
ment. is constantly in Mai-
coln-l's company and expect.
to live on Long Island to b
near Malcolm's home.
Leaders of unquestioned st.-l
ture in the civil-rights move»
ment are concerned not so
much with the personality of
Malcolm X as with the condi-
tions in a community that
make it possible for any op-
portunist to exploit and cap-
ftalize them. Whitney Young.
executive director of the Na-
tional Urban League, ob-
serves: As long as you have
the poverty. the poor housing.
the bitter conditions that
nourish the despair, there
will always be people around
like Malcolm X or John X or
any-X."
And Professor Lincoln con-
cludes: "The fact that Mal-
colm X believes that a Black
Nationalist party is possible or
is needed is a reection upon
the distance we still have to
go to make the Negro believeL.
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Ila, Malcolm is speak-
ing Iongingly oj_;lserril1cwarfare, of sniping and
violence in the streets.
integration. He is tor separation--s mat-
ter of eholoe.He condemns token men-at.ieol:iIl"?si'i92that Negroes who say that they were theonly Negroes in their schools are neurotic."uppity" Negroes. And in the next breath.he tells you that he was the only Neiro
inhissrsdescnoolinasmalltownin
southern Michlsan. and that his was the
only Nesro lamily in town-
It. is impoollble to take Malcolm I!words seriousll-unless Sou are wiliins toseoept, at various times, both aides ofevery question. Sooner or later, be works
both sides.
He is the sort oi man who would bewonderful at a cocktail party, it his Muslim
beliefs would allow him to attend, because
he never lets conversation lax. But hewould be less eective when there is a need
tor action. because at the present time.
his contradictions must breed contusion.
It is danlerous to dismiss Malcolm Baht-ly He is too eloque
…[truncated]