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FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
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, was/were forwarded to them for direct response to you.
____- Page s! referred for consultation to the following government agency ies!; _________¬___
_ as the information originated with them. You will
be advised of availability upon return of the material to the FBI.
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02C6 - UNITED sTAi.is eovsi
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" 5 x . -- "92/*1° = DIRECTOR, FBI ° E= 2-26-<;o?q;;;;,~,;';
"° = . SI-MN 011200 6,-0! ATTENTION? CRIME RECORDS 1;;
. __ ~-_. l .'h qn
. 3.4- ' 92 92_C/XRYL CHESSI~iAN, v.=h'-Q is under death sentence at San; ' Quentin and whose execution was stayed for sixty days " .
1by recent-action of Governor EDMUND G. PAT! BROWN of /',»=Q~,
--California, has been very much in the news lately. 5. [A. . - [email protected] ' Enclosed is a clipping from the "San Diego Tribune" lg!/M
2-17-60 giving the background on CHESSMAN'S crimes"glt is interesting_to note that the article plays up Q;- we fact that can-ssmm started his life of crime as - L.-4"a car thief. " - C>b' ,
.'92-J.
This is being submitted to the Bureau with the thought
in mind that the Bureau will want to note this case -
in connection withhits continuing interest in young
hoodlums who start out as car thieves and advance to ,
involvement in more serious and heinous crimes.
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wtlors 1 NQIEF-5'_g_¢vrzllessmgl who entere on '
=.!Uentin's death row July 3,3
7948, hos, his eighth date with'
death in the gas chamber Fri-
-tlay, ll/, years later. What's_
the background of the bizarre
cast? What are its most amaz-
ing highlights? Here in a two-
port series ore some of the
answers.
By HAROLD V. STREETER _
SAN QUENTIN UP! - In
1937, when the Unitedll
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CONIINUED FROM PAGE l
t. h r e e wardens. Clinton
Duffy. Harley . Teets, and
Fred R. Dicks 1. -_ V
Done so well vith his writ-
ing that hes made more
than $150,000 in royalties.
Been d u n n e d for back
taxes 'rm income acquired
in the death house. 3. ',
Had his first bgok -
Cell 2455, Death_."Row" '-
made into a movie.
Baffled a prison system
geared to guard against it
by smuggling out 'manu-<2
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XXXXXXFEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
FOIPA DELETED PAGE INFORMATION SHEET
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indicated, explain this deletion. -
Deleted under exemption s! with no segregable
material available for release to you.
Information pertained only to a third party with no reference to you or the subject of your request.
Information pertained only to a third party. Your name is listed in the title only.
Document s! originating with the following govemment agency ies! CO S. -1-
I ._ E , was/were forwarded to them for direct response to you.
Page s! referred for consultation to the following govemment agency ies!; __________________
, as the information originated with them. You will
be advised of availability upon retum of the material to the FBI.
Page s! withheld for the following reason s!:
For your information:
The following number is to be used for reference regarding these pages:
,¢</- 77426- <i:5"92 ; .
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_ San Francisco 8, Californr _ _
_ February 29, 1960 '
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92cqr. J. Ldnar Hoover '9 A _/
Federal bureau of Inveéligation ' ~,.U. S. Department of Jus;ice '= /j[%9Eashington 25, D. C. ' ; o / ~
Dear Hr. Hoover; '
Grace Cathedral and Editorial from0 _
The enclosed Sermon prehched in
. . i
' The San Francisco Chronicle may interest you.
Q ~ 0 - .
You may recall that we sent you a copy of Dean Bartlett's sermon '
Iof uctober 20, 1957 on The Moral Climate of the Hation.
ibis most recent sermon~akes reference to the Carvl Chessman"cé¥e
§,'0 _
and its impact upon our society.00
[1 JL./ _. >.> 5' ides}:-ectfuI;.l_" ours
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1 '. Q seaégéfgsicnsn IN cares CATHEDRAL, %%%y}RAhCISCO. 2 . % February 21, I960
' by The Very Rev. C. Julian Bartlett, Dean I
' 4- -I- _
2 CUR. 11:30; "If I must boast, I will boast of the things which show my weakness."
2 COR. 12:9 and 10; "but the Lord! said to me, '}@ grace is sufficient for you, for my
power is made perfect in weakness.
the power of Christ may rest upon me. For theI will all the more gladly boast of my weaknesses that
sake of Christ, then, I am content with weak
nesses, insults, hardships, persecutions, and calamities; for when I am weak, then I amstrong. '
In the world of men, it has been said that "the best defense is a good offense." Thisaxiom is very widely accepted, we all know. We apply it to football teams, to contractbridge, to the trying of cases in courts of law, to our military preparedness program, toalmost all areas of endeavor. The concept even has produced theories in psychiatric diag-nosis where a person with an aggressive behavior pattern is sometimes said to be really
"covering up" an inferiority complex.
In the part of the 2nd Letter to the Corinthians, from which our Epistle of the Day
' 4 - " - and our texts are taken, St. Paul is h¬fCdig nimsclf and his role of authority. Appar-ently some self-styled apostles had come to the church in Corinth during St. Paul's absenceand had laid claim to certain authority. St. Paul takes his stand with two goals in mind:lst, to protect the Corinthians from the usurpation of authority by those false apostles;
and, 2nd, to preserve among them the pure doctrine he had taught.
with regard to the latter, we are reminded of our Lord's Parable of the Sewer and the
Seeds, which is our Gospel of the Bay. The Corinthian Christians have been at least in
part like the plants that grew by the wayside, like those which grew upon the rocks andamong the thorns. St. Paul chides the Corinthians for letting false doctrine deceive them
and displace or uproot the teaching he gave them.
But it is principally of the former goal I would have us think today: i.e., the manner
in which the apostle defends himself. We infer easily from the letter that the false
aoostles had boasted of their accomnlishments,their prowess, as "proofs" of their author-ity. St. Paul first meets them on their own terms. Be declares: vs. 21 & ff! "... But
whatever anyone dares to boast ofI am speaking as a fool-I also dare to boast of that.Are they Hebrews? So am I. Are they Israelites? So am I. ... and etc." He goes on torecapitulate all his credentials and to recount all that he has suffered for Christ's sake.
That was his worldly defense." It was agood offense. In effect, the Apostle sayshe will take a "back seat" with no one. His credentials and his performance are and havebeen all that anyone could demand. He is willing to match measure for measure with any
false apostle. That, I say, was his "worldly defense. It was a good offence, really, forhe dares his challengers to match his credentials and his performance.
Up to this point, his argument reminds usof ourselves, it seems to me. How do we re-act to challenges which threaten us? Most of us, I think, mobilize ourselves to meet the
threat measure for measure-by argument, by aggressive action, by "worldly proofs of onekind or another. The truth, of course, is that seldom are such offensive tactics reallyeffectual. he do not really and thoroughly defeat the threat and we are left with either
ancer or frustration--or both. s
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is3frought witpover of Coo! Ede rost poverful deaonstration of this
the moment of Jesus apparently greatest weakness,
use
the
in every persons life! -
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1the Crucifixion! In
strated the greatest power of God! _Despite the
Christians have found this
by! Yet it may be demonstrated time and awainthe Christian Faith,. ' . . -~ -!hlS is perhaps the%?$;£ imbortant of all Cnrzstian A
what the world would call greatest weakness, there can emerge I
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§ doxesl i.e., in situations
- strongest
course, was
..re was demon-
primary symbol of
1 tenets to live Lparadoxical truth
of the cross as the
most difficult of al
= "I will all the more gladly boast of my weaknesses that the wer of Christ may rest
* h ' * inupon me." St. Paul had found, throng
human power was of very little worth.
Worldfs standards, but rather a willingness to be weak that grace ndght
How difficult we all
we find it to suffer our own crucifihis f8JtH
crs'
rooms bitter because of some iDjuStlL6 they have
ious frustration in their
for great .'ritual growth. In those moments of greatest weakness,
frustration they can experience the greatest
they must fight back-against all odds!' a good offense. But where Christ's grace s the diff-because of stice or
Instead, they so often think
worldly standard: the best defense 15
erenze between peace of soul
secret of life which St. P
application of thishighly charged of public issues to appear upon the
is the figure of Caryl Chessmen. Hostashamed, embarrassed or frustrated by this comnlex affair. Now the real issue inM
the
however. One of the most
temrorary life in these United States1
icans are
this case is not capital punishment."= the power of 1rist's grace, that his
his best defense was not a good offence by the
abound!
D
People often go into their pastors counselling
suffered--or bitter because of some ser-find it to bury our primitive drive to fipht back! how difficult
xi
life. If they only could see in their situation the opportunity
of greatest impotence,
power of God's grace!
They cling to that
and mind and bitterness or frustration, the cross and the
l found afford the only way out.
great Christian paradox is not limited to personal crises,
Manyconvictestage of con-
thinkins Amer-
criminals have lost their lives with-
cat causing an international "cause celebre." The real issue in this particular case is
the challenge it preseuts to our juii
sigt of the
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, __92ar' Gav.-gr T. C-umeran, Pub]-ixlicr 1935 £0 1.955
r_ F021;;-::'z"<1 .7865 by Clxcrlcs u.-ad H. H. do Young
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92v7'£l'l.92" Ll'l"iLE'o£ the astonishment caused by the
- ' -1'e;:-sieve of Caryl Cl'iess1nan last "iizu1sday has
been cleared up or modified, for most C-aliiornians,
by Govemor Brown's st-atcznent about it.
f _ The Legislature quite clearly ot wel-
coine his t.lirowing back into its bands an issue
disposed 0; a year ago wbe-n it ieitiseci. to impose
a_ inor:-tm~ium on the -tleatli penalty. To assume,
as Bro-n'n did, from the pzeponderance oi his cor-
res;»:.=:2deiice caliing {or clemency for Cliessman,
thiat the majority of people favor an end to capital
pt;:1ti_=-l'~%;{e21t. is 2 long leap in logic and
- =f:1_-. 1:31;. 3%:'=?.<> .'.i_'~;-"two wall. Polls of opinion,
";'=;*;;.2'_<'>-1='i1§§ t_t_<>;':icle Poll of last spring.
»=.1,3>i=:E.:§-iaiz Siélto 4 'i{gai.nst abolition of capital
puiiisbtneiit, do not appear to bear out iiis belief
t"_hat;_tl2e public is with tbe abolitionists.
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.. .. t NIL .-~_ A .. -..__...-..---.Q ' ,might. be up against in uevideo if tne execution
were carried 0ut.. We i,_.:._ieve most people join
Senator Fulbright. chairri _ of the Senate ForeignRelations .Committee. in92finding it very disturb-
§ng_"_that American justice. can be pressured by
l.IlClpt¬fii, mobs of students in a small Latin Amer-
ican country, students whose presumptuousncss
15 S>,Pf/'i>8?>l;~' equalled only by their ignorance of the
Chessman ease. . ' p .
Is the status of American societv so insecure
- . _ , mall! P9059 have lately asked themselves as to
be swerved from justice by considerations of its
pu_b3ic relations etéects? Are we < feagut of
W_0I.u opinion that-.5 "'Le;.-tep our own laws?
u -1 - -V ' - _ _' G°Ve_Y"°1'_BT'0W1-2, _~vht>se conscience as an op-
ponent or capital punisnnient has been weighed
down by the Chessman case. seemed only too eager
to have the State Deoartment provide him with
an escuse for stopping the march of la'.=;:'ul proc-
esses. The Rubottoni teiegram's intentions have.
however, n: been made clear. Was it or
"85n't a 1 House request to keep the coast
C195! ~92'1lli¬ t "dent was on tour?
.- . It seems to us that the Governor had no war-
rant vvlzatever for reprieving Chessman to allow a
réstibmission of the capital punishment issue to the
Leg-'islatute, and that so far as the State Dcoart-
mcnt telegram goes, he should have issued merely
a brief, 2-1-hour reprieve in order to find out if
the telegrarn *e:92'pressed a genuine presidential
i¬i§i_¬ for a halt of pcution. "
As tl.ing.s stand. is in coziiusion. the
processes of law in Death now are at a standsiiil,
x; -i to * ;- I » ., . A Y
and ma c es feel -92 :~ t¬1!Y, embauassed at the
pass of affal . That Chessznan himself, his attor-
neys and the more determined opponents of capi-
tal punislmttent. anwzzg whoin is Governor Brown,
do not snare tms concern does not lessen its acute-
ness. _
Chessman has been given every op;;,@;ttm;{y
to 'pu'rsue the due process of law; he has success-
fully carried on a delaying action for 11 years.
Sonief think this a burlesque of justice; others con-
sider it an evidence of how scrupulous our system
isto give. the individual his due. But it it is a
Clt_l¬'i' and unusual process Ii, could have been _ '. 1
made less cruel and unusual at any time by the
ext:1:1.r?.ten of the defenclant. P1"esun1al:-i_y he i< satis-
fied to laave his
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UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
AEQ??CSD Fmbassv1 J ' Q _ U92 - ;&P1S w, France ' h ,* I __ Y
_ I- r- - ODate: March 22,~196O -T / -; _¢ /- / . .
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_ From: Legat,_Pari; 2-0!
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SCELLANQ "?' INF IQ» ' NG
.; t .h
Ithat on 1/2l'6O *é7Q
;ersoc1:+92.;:c»r; ;_z'.tm_::-r"»;= ?=_: 1_f,;y§,.';"'_3_ 'IQ _a_,-A-:3 ¢: crzch ¢.$§s=.>c.?.3.ti0n' A5a.inst ;;1p.i&;;¢1 f=1_,;,923;-5,;-,;,,.-i L1-,
-i Cllh the-Paris Gffice. at
0' in./ ' 0 ; - . - -one advised that she has done considerable wo**---'~
Tn F"&HC$ en in the United States for theC$ESFMAN and tofeliminate capital punishmcdt. Sha stated that -
sac 11s [email protected] contacted an A3$i5tmn§ g,,n@+ u Of ¢t,+n1nd Governor BROWN of wlifornia vvjurdlcg F ;$T ¢;$r.
c".- - . -~. -1 _ Y."Qde ras ?~§r1bl¬ ?cr circJ1q@j, Q qgy .;$c. HJ92..__
, 1..
to thc'1ast date so? fov tho execution of ' -éq *
_petitioh was forwarded to the Governor of _ 3,9
:'1t{-itfdd Ulét 6! /L';_,".-213_.;i§I§;T.v1 ivw-11¢-; {;-j {.9 *;-; er; ~ _,;~___.:..f~_1_,.:
P°_dis¢ohr~5¢ the execution of CHE%3HAN betveon ux and
HQ§§g§§ set for hi; execution. qhe stgted that thqpg
B@m¢;iQ§lp0tion that if CHESSMAN should change his plva
"n°t§£ 1m@Y" 50 "guilty" that he would not hp Setguqed
death» éhc requested hdvicn as to the co?r¢;tn1s¢ f thi§[1,->5 II-gs FOREIGN sznvxcs _;-__ ~' I-' OFTHE '* '_.--
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- I -competent to comment.oy=this poi- unq has no y%q~wHq1b;_ -
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T0 IRECTOR, F51 " .AT-1ENT_lON--ASST. om,-Y-_c.n. m: LOACH -
mom sAi:,_ SAN FRANCISCO £4-nos 2 PG 0 T
CARYL CHESSMAN, MISCELLANEOUS INFO CONCERNING. REPHONE CALLS FROM SAN
0..I
FRANCISCO TC ASSISTANT DIRECTOR DELOACH MARCH SIXTEEN AND SEVENTEEN, .
SIXTY. FILE OF CHES_SMA_N AT SAN QUENTIN REFLECTS BUREAU IS IN
POSSESSION or COMPLETE IDENTIFICATION RECORD OFICHESSMAN UNDER FEI NO.
ONE THREE FIVE THREE THREE SIX ZERO. IDENT RECORD SHOWS DATES AND
ARRESTS AS WELL AS CHARGE AND DISPOSITION IN EAPLACES OF ALLIT HAS BEEN DETERMINED THAT CALIFORNIA YOUTH AUTHORITY HAS NO RECORD "
PERTAINLNG TC CHESSMAN INASMUCH AS youru AUTHORITY H01" ESTABLISHED IN
CALIF. UNTILNINETEEN FORTY-ONE. RECORDS OF PRESTON SCHOOL OF INDUSTRY, _
IONE, CALIF. IJHICH IS NORTHERN CALIFORNIA JUVENILE DETENTION INSTITUTIONCONSISTS_SOL£LY or "rum-3:»: BV FIVE CARD Am: THEIR-FILE on cuzssmw HAS I
BEEN DESTROYED. INSTANT THREE BY FIVE CARD REFLECTS ONLY FOLLO¢!ING' 9292
INFORMATICNJCHESSMAN wAs' COMMITTED AT AGE SIXTEEN bu saw. SIX, THIRTY->CH CASE .
srvsu FOR AUTO THEFT. on APRIL NINE, THIRTYEIGHT, "ms Fo1._Lp1-slums A I ,; _* REG 42. 1;/-7 1' A -1 -% =NOTAT~ION__WAS PLACED ON CARE QUOTE ORDER OF COURT UNQUOTE. TH'~I'S- N,Q_T_TION,
FROM FOLLOWING OTHER DATA ON CARD. INDICATES T}-I WAS CA ~ . |_. . ;; Q. _ .mom PRESTON on nus DATE BUT 1220.020 DOES NOT INDICATE umEI'm-:12 ;92_END PA ONE?/"9_*7 ~_ - ,_ _'.some 2.9 1860 """" 6;»*»** I
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DISCHARGE WAS DUE TO A_PAROLE OR COMPLETION OF SENTENCE. RECORD FURTHER
INDICATES THAT ON JUNE EIGHTEEN, THIRTYEIGHT, CHESSMAN WAS RECOMMITTED
T0 PRESTON BY oanzn or COURT, REASON NOT STATED. RECORD ALSO REFLECTS
HE WAS PAROLED FROM PRESTON ON JUNE THREE, THIRTYNINE AND WAS DISCHARGET
FROM PAROLE ON FEBRUARY ONE, NINETEEN FORTY. FILE OF CHESSMAN AT,SAN
QUENTIN, WHICH
snows CHESSMAN PAROLED on ONLY own OCCASION slwcz FORTYONE. THIS -"IS COMPLETE RECORD OF ACTIVITY SINCE NINETEEN FORTYONE
. - , ,
WAS PAROLE ON DECEMBER EIGHT. FORTYSEVEN TO LOS ANGELES COUNTY, ,
CALIFORNIA, PAROLE OFFICE, PAROLE WAS SUSPENDED ON JANUARY TWENTYNINE,
FORTYEIGHT FOLLOWING CHESSNAN-S ARREST BY WHITTIER, CALIFORNIA, PD i
AT REQUEST OF LOS ANGELES PD ON JANUARY TWENTYTHREE, FORTYEIGHT.
FOLLOWING THIS ARREST HE_WAS TRIED AND CONVICTED IN LOS ANGELES
AND ON JULY,THREE, FORTYEIGHT WAS RETURNED'TO SAN QUENTIN PRISON .
on THE NUMEROUS CHARGES.WHlCH CONSTITUTE HIS LAS CONVICTION AND ON --~
WHICH DEATH SENTENCE WAS GIVEN. ABOVE INFORNATION.IS ALL AVAILAELE I
IN THIS DIVISION ON PARDLES AND REVOKATION OF PAROLES THROUGH .
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TO ': ' Director, FBI ATTN: Assistant Dir. C. D.
mom; /,7 SAG, San Francisco 4-408!
CARYL Céimssmm "-1
MISCELLANEOUS mro concnnnme _ i
' l ReSFtel to Bureau dated 3/17/60. _
_ ."
-~ Enclosed for the
summary_of CARYL CHESSMAN,
A Prison, Calif. It will beBureau is a copy of a cumulative case
which is maintained at San Quentin
noted that this record contains the
:7 arrest record of CHESSMAN, the circumstances of the offenses »
4 involved.in his adult criminal violations, the proceedings at
/ the sentencing_Qf CHESSMAN, social data concerning CHESSMAN
./' taken from the Probation Officer's report, his social history
l prepared at the San Quentin Prison by the psychiatric social
worker, a neuropsychiatric report on CHESSMAN, his medical
history and comments concerning him by the warden and chaplain at
San Quentin I
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, This data is being furnished to the Bureau for its _
information and was obtained on a confidential basis from San 7;» HQuentin Prison. 92f"*4
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I ' _ 1111'. "=A ..92 ~ -- _-v - ,- '_'~svnJncr=- "T1»1:=:=;-1/f:fLL:aR IS A KID" ,_- .. -;'r"';_l;éf__{::!_°:" ;_ P.ROSl>ECT.IVE BY CARYL cxzzssr.-zzm ]/ j- ,__;,._"1;,§,..,'_.,;"__ ;
- IEFGRT-UATI UN "CCHCEPl'TI192TG__i"""" """ "i Miss Gan.-ly _ §
' y _ -' I thought you might like tocknow an interesting facet? I __=
-the Chessnlan case. ii . .- .. .. . -_ '. . " "f." Q M _J %qz_A.»>»'~92..¢92»-_; .' £'!..,r._92-L;.=J._ g,_ 92/
1 .0 J. J. V.I . '1 _ __ 33I have been inlormed that convicted niller _'£,ary.=. Cl1essm:§1_.»" Khas recently co1:1pleted$;'~z?-'.92'e92*1 book entitled as above. It is being "
3 .-L J- published br one Julia _z.:iessne1*_whose place oi" business is unl-;nowz;, _
with the Agent representing Chessman in the sale oi the boo}; as i .
Joseph/Longstreth of Rielmiond, Indiana. U - ' . ». _ ," It is to be noted that Longstreth, Wslecording 110- lé/7!
of San Quentin Frison, was invol'-.'ed_in 2. '
IJIQJIOLIS 111 -'0.! igation to determine the means by which other m:muscrip'i;s
prepared by Chessman we1*e's1nug.;;led in 211:1 out oi San Quentin State "
Prison. Officials believe Longstreth was directly responsible for
this. ' ' ' = .L ' 1
Further, it is un<l<zrstood that Rosalie Asher, Jhess;:-.tn's V, .
lawyer, bookkeeper 8.116 finzmcial adviser, along with Longsti-eth, -are presently in Hollywood lco11fe1'1*i12g" with movie stu1";io'1'e*>res:ent0..tives to ma}-:e_ 0. motion picture preclicated on the book. hasconfiden tially ndvisecl th2.t the manuscript is already in the hands of
I - . . - ' -the publisher and is supposed to be releasec_i to the "oublie ir- the -
immediate future. I"IO92I¬VG1_, they me not able to aclvise as to the ' . contents or general tneme pf the book. REC- 13~-j'.'-<1; ._.»:'1_... fl/' ,2 I L . . I I 4 ' _'Ii- i _ ~_/ 5'3 OI ___. 2.; A.
.' 23 APR I 1956
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{':?- =_£_i:=s92m¬;,4. H! Mr. DeLoa<Vi _ DATE; March 23, 1960- k
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?ARYLT,lIEELQHE$$,1YLA~1i_ n 1-¢~:~:,r»./1/J' mom
SUBJECT!
Q There is attached a detailed memorandum setting out the background
of Caryl Chessman; a summary;-of the legal developments in his case.and a detailed
anaI§"§i'§'oTHi s'7Eriminal record_w'ith particular attention-being paid to all ii_i_s_§a_ng'5_a|swherein Chessman received paroles. awn A /
. , P _ . - 1 ~~,|'.5 _.
In compiling this information, we have checked all available sources! /
The sources included Chessman's FBI identification record, which is under I,/1'
» FBI #1353360; records, of San Quentin Prison in California where Chessman is_
conned; available records at the Preston School of Industry, lone, California,
where Ch-essmap was conned in the late 1930's and which is the Northern California
Juvenile Detention Institution. We have also reviewedthe flood of recent public
source material on this case including the current feature story in the March 21, ~
1960, issue of "Time" magazine. 1
... ._ _92RE C,OMMEND*A,TIQl92I: _
For your information. _ .92'~/W
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CARYL WHITTIER CHESSMA_N, aka, _Ca1_-_l___925_/. n.~r.<m:192___- [=Chess_rnan, Carol Wl1ittief-.'r _Thessma11, - ~ ""'"" l . said: wichéggmm, Caryl W.°_Chessman, I 192'CarylWl1ittier'Chessman . ';1"?~ * = -~ =I -L. H" I I 1". "ro~ _
BACKGROUND OF CHE$MAN. _ . ~ §_,,_,§:s
- _-».--___i__._-_-_-
' 'Caryl Whittier Chessman was born May 27,- 1921, at St. §;Ioseph;'-
Michigan, as Carol Chessman. He was the only child born to Whittier a3'itl* " """'
Hallie Chessman-. He attended school in Los Angeles and completed the twelfth
grade in high school. Prison recs,-rds reect that he is of the Baptist faith but
has never a_t1:ended_church regular];y_. _
.. On 8-840_, he married one Lucy Gaylord in Las Vegas, Nevada. ,
This marriage has now been dissolved. Chessman has never served in the military
service. " 1 - -
_ Clressmanhas been conned to the death row in San Quentin Prison in --.California since 1948 awaiting a sentence of death for kidnaping - robbery. '
During this 12-year period, his ght to avoid execution has become
known throughout the world and isf currently serving as a focal point for those advocating
the abolishment of capital punishment. Chessman has studied law while in prison andhas personally handled many of his appeals and other legal maneuvers. '
' Chessman reputedly possesses high intelligence, and in one test given
to him, he achieved an i_ntellige_nce_ _q_uotient~oi 173 and was rated a "genius,"
While confined to San Quentin, Chessman has written several books '
concerning his ca'se. The manuscripts for these books were smuggled out of the .
prison in some cases by his attorneys. Perhaps the best known of his books is
"Cell 2455 -1 Death Row" which was a "best seller, " and it was -subsequently made
into a movie. His other books are "Trial by Ordeal," "The Face of Justice" and
"Obsession." The last named, according to "Time" magazine, is a novel which was '_first published in Europe and is sgljedlzled for publication in the United States next month
CHEjSSMAN'S ,CRllVlE_: ' g - '
H I -. ' ' In January, 1948, Los Angeles Police were baffled by a bandit
describedas "complete1y heartless" who, in a 20day period, committed numerous ,robberies and sex atrocities. " " * '
1 .._..;_ During this crime spree, the criminal became known as the "Red Light "Bandit"_because of his method of operation. Posing as a policeman with a flashing '1
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itred light attached to his car, he would accost couples in "10vers lane" areas and rob
a'.I1d,:."r2>wzslly molest his female victims. ' ' - _ ,_
2 There follows a detailed account of the_ crimes committed during this '3.
I period, all "of which _ultimately.were charged to Chessman:
f --8
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t a-48
s-4s
1-19-48
- 1-20-48
' 1-22-48
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Robbery of a shoe store. , _
Theft .of an automobile _
Robbery of a man who was driving along a highway
Robbery of a man parked in an isolated area with
a woman companion "
Robbery of a man parked in an isolated area with a
woman companion; robbery and kidnaping of the
woman and sexual perversion against her.
Attempted robbery of a man and girl parked in an
isolated place;
Attempted robbery of a man parked in an isolated
place; kidnaping of his female companion; ___
attempted rape of this girl; and sexual perversion
against her. This is the 17-year-old child who,
suffered a complete mental breakdown following
the indignities heaped upon her by Chessman and
who is still confined to a California mental
institution ..
Robbery of the owner of a clothing store; robbery
of the clerk; kidnaping of the store owner with
bodily harm; and kidnaping of the store clerk. ' ..
= It was the two kidnap cases on January'19 and 22 which resulted in the .death sentence for Chessman. Cpmplete details on the crimes committed by '
Chessman during his 20-day rampage are contained in a summary prepared by "
San Quentin Prison authorities which was obtained by the San Francisco Office on a -
confidential basis from San Quentin and forwarded to the Bureau by airtel 3-18-60.
Details of these crimes are not being included in this memorandum in view of their _
obscene nature.--.
Q":.1
THE LEGAL BATTLE: .
_~92 _, Following his arrest and conviction on 17 charges growing out of the
20-day crime spree in January, 1948, Chessman was sentenced to death and oni July 5, 19118, was receiviedin the; death row at San Quentin Prison. °
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the first stay of execution for Chessman pending final action on his bid to the United
States Supreme Court for review. n,
This was the first of eight reprieves from death he has received to date.-_
On March 31, 1952, Chessman's application to the Supreme Court oi the
United States for"a review of hiscase was denied. __ "
' 'The foregoing steps represented Chessmans opening maneuvers in his
l 12-year fight to avoid execution. In that period, he has carried over -a dozen petitionsto the United States Supreme Court. plus numerous ,writs andpetitions which he has. poured into lower courts. One of-these petitions, a request for a "writ of habeascorpus'{ was written by Chessman in pencil and delivered to the court on 11 sheets of
toilet tissue. . _ _
MOST RECE-N? _DEVELOPlV[ENTS;
' D Chessman was scheduled to die on 2-19-60.
3; . ' _ .--..
0 . I .' On 2-17-60, the~C.alifornia Supreme Court voted 4 to 3 against granting
Chessman clemency. On the same day, the United States_Supren1e Court turned down '
his appeal. 1 . . . , '
' Ten hours before the 10 a. m. , 2-19-60 execution date, Governor Browntof California granted Chessman a stay of 60 days. , '
f May 2, 1960, has now been set as the date of Chessman's execution.
In granting the stay of execution on 2-19-60, Governor Brown claimed ~_that his decision was inuenced by a telegram he received from the United States -
State Department. This telegram pointed out that the American Ambassador in -- ~
Montevideo, Uruguay, had been advised by the National Council of the Government cf _
Uruguay of its great concern over anticipated hostile demonstrations by student elerneni;
and others when President Eisenhower visited Uruguay 3-2-60 if Chessman was to be
was greeted by certain hostile demonstrations in Uruguay.! 'executed. It is, noted Chessman;was reprieved and President Eisenhower, nevertheless
' Uruguay, however, was not the only country which protested Chessman's
p1a,nI1¬d_'928X8__Cl1tiOR. Brazil expressed concern and petitions with thousands of signatureswere received from many countries requesting mercy for the condemned man.Editorials-criticizing the execution appeared in newspapers in almost every country .[in Europe. In the United States, there were demonstrations of protest and telephone ' .-
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At the time he announced the stay of execution, Governor Brown
indicated he would ask the California State Legislature, in special session, t_o ,_
abolish capital punishment. Govenor Brown has expressed his personal opposition
to such punishment. - P . v.-
u
A Immediately following the stay of execution, Chessman sent a-7000- _,_
word letter to the Governor, which was delivered by a California Highway Patrolman,
in which Chessman stated he is willing to die if it would ease the way for the abolition
of capital punishment. ' "5
2 In connection with the growing crescendo of those who desire clemency
I! for Chessman, "Time's" story pbints out thatlfollowing Governor Brown's stay of
Ion capital punishment, an auto caravan pulled into Sacramento bringing 384 University
of California faculty signatures on a petition urging abolition of capital punishment.
A rodeo rider, billed as a "minuteman," rode a horse from San Francisco to __
Sacramento picking up save-Chessman signatures. Aln unemployed schoolteacher namet
Norbert Nicholas went on a save-Chessman hunger strike. Demonstrators picketed __
the California Capitol Building carrying signs stop institutionalized murder"-and "love,
not hate. " A song has been written and released nationally called "The Ballad of .
Caryl Chessman" which contains the mornful urging, "Let him live, let him live, let
him live I" This frenzy has spread across the seas and in the Netherlands, a
recording in Dutch called "The Death Song of Chessman" has become popular. An
Argentina newspaper has called the Chessman case "the most terrible case that has ~
faced the world in recent history." »{execution and while the California Legislature was in session conducting its hearing
1
Paton CRiM1NAL ganyooan: _
' In July, 1937, Chessman who was then'16, was arrested by Los Angeles;
police for burglary and auto theft, In August, 1937, prior to sentencing on this charge,
he escaped from custody while undergoing a medical examination. He was arrested
shortly -after this escape in the act of robbing a drugstore. . '
- On September 6, 1937, he was committed to the Preston School of _
industry as a result of this arrest._ Currently available records at that school disclose
that Chessman was released 4-9-3? by "order of court." The record does not indicate
whether this release was due to parole or upon completion of sentence. Some ~_
newspaper accounts have reflected that Chessman was actually rele_a§_e§_on_par_o_le atthis time. _f
In May, 1938, he was again arrested for burglary and auto theft. On ~ '
6-13-38, "he was sentenced to Preston School of Industry and was recommitted there" "
on 6-18-38. On 16-3-39 , he paroleyd. Preston records disclose that he was
discharged from this parole on 2-1-40. .
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However, in November, 1939, Chessman was arrested by
L-»-J J, "rgelcs police as an automobile thief. A California judge was 'impress;:nl .-;
by 'ChesSnian's plea on his ownebehalf to the effect that he was filled with " a sense
of repulsion at all things, criminal, including myself -for having become insnarcd in
the brutal grip during my formative years. "» Chessman was placed on probatigii at_¢-r¢...---- "":tlus _Q _ - "
" - - In February, 1941, he was arrested for robbery, ikidnapizng and grand
theft. After being found guilty, _he was committed to SaniQuentin to begin serving a
term of 5 years to life. In May,-_,-19 43, he was tranferred to the California Institution
for Men at Chino, California. _1_&ugust, 1943," he escaped from this institution but
was apprehended shortly thereafter at Glendale, California. He was returned to
San Quentin in January, 1944, after having been found guilty and sentenced t0 .-
additional jail terms for offenses committed while he was an escapee. In August, 1945
he was transferred to the State lfrison at Represa, California. On December 8, 1947,
he was released on parole. _ _-. _"___ _. _.. 1»-».. ~. ~>..~.<~ I. ~ ,
YYl..1i.l§.9B_PB-bole, he undertook the vicious spree which led to his arrest
by Los ~Angeles police on January 23, 1948, on suspicion of robbery; He was-
ultimately tried and convicted on 17 of 18 charges which included burglary, sexual -
perversion, kidnaping for the purpose of robbery, attempted robbery, and attempted
rape. His conviction of these charges resulted in the death sentence for two
kidnapings for the purpose of robbery.
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Th MOVE wAs MADE BY ATTCRNEYS A.L. WIRIN, CHIEF COUNSEL PCP THE
AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNLDN IN SOUTHERN CALIFCPNIA, AND RCSALIE
ASHER CF SACRAMENTO CALIF. LiWIRIN SAID HE sccHT A NEE,STAY or EXECUTION FRCM THE CALIFURT on cncuwns THAT THERE-ARE"SUBSTRNTIAL FEDERAL QUESTIONS" T _ '
CILED BY THE u.s. HIGH COURT IN CHESSMAN'S CASE.
WIRIN SAID HE WCULD FILE A NEW APPEAL WITH THE u.s. CCURT MCNDAY ToREVIEW THE CALLFORNIA SUPREME COURT'S DENIAL LAST TUESDAY CF [
CHESSMAN'S LATEST PETITION FOR A WRIT OF HABEAS COPPUS. .
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Miss C:.:dy.__._.._SUB_]ECT2 CAHYL CHESSI-IAN '
. . MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION CONCERNING __
92 REPORTED PLAN OF ASSASSINATION OF PRESIDENT EISEMIOWER
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Re Lcgat Bonn cablegram to the Biroau dated 14/ 2/60
p regarding reported plan of assassination of President Eisenhower,
- 1_ IS - Algeria, whereinit was claimed that the Governor of California
has been notified and that the Warden of San Quentin Prison! would
'" receive a notice of the planned assassination. -A '
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_' Enclosed for the Bureau is an envelope, newspaper article
in the German language stapled to a sheet of paper and a translation
of _.the article into-English, Identity of the translator not kno .!which was obtained om by Min
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"The translation captioned "Attempt b'r plot upon EI$NHOf=T:R"
is p edicted to occur '-during the summit conference in Paris, Franceby t§921.lgerian Freedom Movement. The article refers to CHIESSMAN
GARIL! 'ndicating the Algerian Committee has decided to destroy. ,0"» "ll?
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; &?";&WT or plot!-upon Eisenhower is Predicted. ~ ';
RASTATT -- A mysterious note to the criminal Police Dept.
, -
in Karlsruhe indicated that an attempt to harm the President
_ Dwight nhower is plotted during the Summit Conference in
The writer also stated that a bomb will be resorted
0 i to to accomplish it.
1 - -
The note was mailed out of Rastatt, the source, the
Algerian Freedom Movement. .~
~--q1'; - , I __ _ . 'IThousanus_of egg-shaped hand grenades, lOO automatics!' 0
machine pistols and many hundreds of pistols, out of a stock-
pile originally belonging to the Wehrmacht German Army!
1,.
including ammunition, being at disposal in order to extinguish
' the life of the American Eresident.; ,
All above mentioned word for word in said note.
, At the same time the question arises why should the
German authority be possibly involved'or accused, the answer .
to that, the writer of that note states with the fact that the
people-concerned'are in a state of war with France at Present,1 Q3
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_ The Police Dept. in Karlsruhe is advised to do S0methin8
.in order to see to it that all Germans get out of Paris during
the Summit Conference. _
i Finally referring to Chessman, the secret Algerian
.Committee has decided to destroy Eisenhower-even if it means
_ ;the consequences of suffering losses of its own, should _ _
.: Chessman's sentence not be reduced to 15 years, ,
A copy was sent to the Editor "Badiscehn Tagblatt", w
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Attehtat auf._Ei's4enhower angckiindigt
ichrei e:i' an die Kriminalpolizei in Kari uhe
'<i'1ndi te am Ddnnerstag ein Attenlat auf-" den US-
réisidemcn Dwight Eisenhower wihiend der
mriser Gipfelkoniérenz an. In dem Schreiben,
- ' R st P st b nd als Abs nderRASFATT Eig. Bericht! - Ein mister iises
2.25 wéihrend der Gipfelkonferenz in Paris ein
Bomben-Attentét auf den Présidenten der Verl
"znigten Staaten geplant sei. ,,Tau.send deutsche
Y-Zivrhandgranaten aus Besténden der ehemaligen
-A/chrmacht, 100 Maschinenpistolen uqd, mehrcre"undert_ Pistolen einsdwlielich der dazugehiirigen
-Iunition stehen bereit. das Leben des a rika-
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lem chreiben wrtlich. Die Frage, warum rade
~- re deutsche Behtirde angeschrieben we be-
Ab d at de Fesktell. rdnmfnen die' sen er m r . un . da
~ie mit den Franzqsen sowieso auf KriegsfuB
"'.ehen und den Amerikanern eins auswischcn
'-.-uhen. Gegen die Deutschen héitten sie nichts.
Cicrade deshalbwende sich die Befreiungsfront an
'-inn deutsd1e.Beh6rde, weil sie nicht wolie, daB
-inem Deutschen etwas geschehe, wenn auf Eisen-
hower der Anschlag veriibt wérde. Die Kriminab
wolizei in Karlsruhe wird aufgeiordert, etwas zu
mternehmen, daB sida aile Deulschen wiihrend
Aler Giptelkonferenz aus Paris_ emternen. Zum
SchluB heiBt es'in einer Anspielung auf den Fall
C'n:ss_man, da das geheime algerische Koniiteeuesch ssen_habe,' Eisenhower ohne Riicksidmt auf
wigen Verluste auszultischen, wean Chess annirht u 15 Jahren Zuchthaus begnadigt werd%|
Die -Kriminalpolizei in Karlsruhe betrachtet ie-
was Schreiben, das absdniftlich auch der Redak-
tion des ,,B:-mdischen .Tagblatt" in Rastatt"zuge_gan-
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URGENT '4-25-so 12-so .*'PM PST Jnw .
FRO_M SAC, SAN FRANCISCO- ._ __. H. .. . ...___4_,1.-1! ; Mr. 73'-!r*_r»nt; .,_,_,'92 '25 1.'m '. '/!"=j ,- IT. .. .I:.:. ,...V, /'_p/*',_ . 4"-:'.7:".'I'-T-'.'.?; 'L
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' .- ,,..'_.._ A124;-:_-:i._._.2 ' 11.. Iv. _x...n,___ r 0' I-has G:.ndy__.TC n1REcfoR} FBI AND sAc,.»EosFNcEEEs I }Q§; EQ§§§qy*=""" W 92.-I '1 ~-_._.'¥.:'z'£';.._._-: s, .92' 713
UN$UBj BOMB THREAT WESTERN AIRLINES FLIGHT SEVEN'NINE FQUR SAN FRANCISC I -' - 92¬92l»~.».9292§v92 o A92r<rxI<;=»'v Moi-"" 92/Q'r9292U.<.§b§AE1roRN1A, APRIL TWO Two ONE NINE s1x.zERo. -»Amv PARER-@AEsE REPoR
It-;I92.l.:92.Z'AI:3'T'§7"1 CARYL WHITTIEQHESSMAN P2nzE:w /WAITING EXECUTION SAN QUENTI-$34 n Q,_,_..__...-¢..____----._............--_1______,STATE 'PRISION MAY TWO, NEXT! . INFORMATION CONCERNING. " RE
LA TEL APRIL TWO THREE, SIXTY ON DAMV CASE. SA NEWS DASH CALL JBULLETIN'_92 .
APRIL TWO P1vE, INSTANT, cARR1Es ANNOUNCEMENT THAT CHESSMAN-S ATTORNEY,
GEORGE T. ~DAVIS, HAS PRESENTED TO GOVERNOR-SPCLEMENCY FSECRETARY 'A '
QBQEEQRRIME susPEbT Uuqun;E AS THE Q$E R£D LIGHT EANn1T uRQuoIEI'
C-. FOR WHOSE CRIMES CARYL CHESSMAN WA _S SENTENCED TO DIE. DAVIS CLAIMS ,
TO HAVE Qi£ DOCUMENTED Evxnzuciquwqeowz CHESSMAN IS INNOCENT or
CRIMES ,1-TOR WHICH HE WAS SENTENCED TO DIEQ THAT THIS
1- " . _ _ .GATHEREI2_-;92BY" MILTON MACHLIN AND WILLIAM WOODFIELD OF
AND WILLIAM LINHART, PRIVATE DECTECTIVE WORKING RoR
FORMATION CONCERNING THESE THREE IS SET FORTH INYLA- ' Sa Fmnmva NIGHT, MACHLIN APPEARED-TAT 5-Q OFFICE AND REPORTED THAT INFORMATION '
0-;
- uE1-VIDENCE WA S
ARGOSY MAGAZINE '
'.. RA;
CHESSMAN. - IN- "I
TEL, AEovE,. TO-
RECEIVED TODAY FROM WOODFIELD-S WI}-E3 RESIDENCE ONE TWO THREE THREE 'W O ~
s1; RYE STREET, STUDIO CITY, CALIFORNIA, THATJ§HE RECELVEDhTHE FOLLOW-. -- ~ _ _ .-,4 ___,_u._-
ING THREAT BY TELEPHONE FROM UNKNOWN MALE AT SIX AM LAPRIL¢,TWO THREE, _' ._-,1 .- -.-__-., -I ' 92 ' - . F, , .. ,| . ..-..92 ~~ _
LAST. aunre HAS YOUR HUSBAND GONE TO sEE THE COVERNOR.; 1 g9uEp
END PAcE ONE _ »_ _
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ADVISE YOU T0 TELL HIM NOT TO UNLESS YOU WANT A FULL FACE or Acfn@sa>
PQUOEEJ" MACHLIN EXPRESSED BELIEF THAT THIS CALLER IS IDENTICAL WITH
ONE MAKING BOMB THREAT ORITHE CALLS ARE LINKED TOGETHER, THAT HE
BELIEVES WOODFIEUD-S TELEPHONE IS TAPPED, APPARENTLY BASING THIS_BELIEF
{ON ASSUMPTION THAT NO ONE COULD HAVE KNOWN OF PLANS FOR FLIGHT TO
VISIT GOVERNOR-S OFFICE EXCEPT IN THIS MANNER SINCE PLANS ONLY DISCUSSE
IN TELEPHONE CALLS FROM THIS SAME NUMBER WITH GOVERNOR-S OFFICE.
MACHLIN ADMITTEDLY DESIRED TO BRING FBI INTO INVESTIGATION OF THREAT
AGAINST MRS. WOODFIELD AND ALLEGED TELEPHONE TAPPING. HE WAS INFORMED
92,?¢ V _,
THAT BOTH MATTERS SHOULD BE REPORTED TO LOCAL POLICE, THAT NO FEDERAL
VIOLATION IS INVOLVED AND THE ONLY FBI INTEREST WOULD CONCERN ANY
POSSIBLE LINK BETWEEN THE TELEPHONE THREAT_AND THE BOMB THREAT, THEI' . - . I1
LATTER BEING OUR PRIME INTEREST. MACHLIN NEXT ALLEGED THAT THE LOS ANG
POLICE DEPARTMENT SHOULD BE INVESTIGATED FOR THEIR FAILURE TO TAKE -
COGNIZANCE DURING THE CHESSMAN INVESTIGATION TWELVE YEARS AGO OF CHESS-
MANS REPEATED ASSERTIONS THAT THE TRUE Q$£ RED LIGHT sANn1T unQuom§~ @..¢
GUILTY OF HIS CRIMES WAS A PERSON WHOSE SURNAME ONLY WITH PHONETIC '
ENDAPAGE TWO -
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SPELLINOG wAs 1-"urmxsmzn =rc§"PoL1cz. ALLEGEDLY, CHESSMAN HAS DELIBERATELY!
AVOIDED REVEALING rum. ACTUAL NAME. or nus PERSON our or LFEJAR E0; BEING- 054114 I"-1
comsxntnsn A §Q1L§ZI1I"SQUEAtERwU1921Ié¥KFiE. MACHLIN; STATES THE 4};-A! POLICE '
CHECKED A NUMBER OF SIMIUAR NAMES FROM RECORDS IN THAT DEPARTMENT_
BUT FAILED TO INQUIRE INTO GUILT OF THE PROPER PARTY WHO WAS ALLEGEDLY
IN THEIR FILES, mow REVEALED As _ MACHLINé7t
STATESNTHAT IS-THE mus auorr.2" RED ucm BANDIT '{mQu0r-{AND
THAT ONLY WITHIN }>As"r rm} DAYS wAs CHESSMAN suoww A PHOTO or
-v-sqAND- srAn:n" Qw;"££"mAT-s "ms MAN"-uwmcrnz. F IS CURRENTLY A. _ . _ a;.§92¢_¢ q Anson
FBI FUEEITIVE, mm-P BA-sen BURGLARY, ed LA, BU!-I-L6
Aéovz INFORMATION REPORTED IN vmw or POSSIBLE
REVEALED AND ABOVE INFO. RELATED TO BOMB THRLAT5 ' -W PUBLICITY THAT wxu. BE cfsw 'r0 wnosz NAME. NO: YET PUBLICLY
END AND ACK PL I.
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FRO SAC, LOS AN_GELES 2-1:802! A"-,j,;;{?_iT,'92;'_92
I puqacn - CARYL WHITTIER CHESSMAN
_ . . MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION .
CONCERNING ATTN: Crime Records
__ .. Q
has recently completed a series of ten articles entitled "The .
Real CHESSMAN Story" which gives a detailed account of the
activities of CHESSMAN, both in his criminal career as well "
as his legal activities since his conviction in 1947.
' Q Attached hereto for the completion of the Bureau
files are copies of the ten articles. .-
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.1-<. _ 1 DIRECTOR, FBI " DATE! 4/13/60 ". ;_'-
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.-"/5" _ Q?/»<-'-~' .:~g_,,// suBJ_$<TT=THE DEATH PENALTY AND CARYL CHESSNAN; . /.CB.S RADIO NETWORK r -
WTOP - WASHINGTON, D. C. ~ .
. -_9:05 p. m. to 9:50 p. in. EDT '
April 28, 1960 T-_' - _
e .. . ~ The above-entitled program, a Unit 1 production of the Public Affairs
Department of CBS News,_- was produced by Don Kellerman -with associate proc.=ieers
being Philip Gittelman and Arthur Rabin. The narrator for the program was Ziov-.'ard ii.
Smith of CBS _News. This.program' was monitored by SA_ of theCrime Research Section. - " i "
. The"program opened-with a very dramatic recreation, through sound ""
effects, of an execution. The hol-low-soundin iootste s_ of a condemned man were '::eard Y-0 1approaching the death chamber, the heavy door slammed, cyanide pellets were heard dropping into water and then;the bubbling effect as the pellets dissolved. -
, ,92
_ ' Smith then introduced -the central figure in the current controversy, .1
Caryl Chessman ,who stated that once again he ls faced with death. He said he is not ,_anticipating it. nor hoping for it and that he has no secret desire to leave this world 2;;:t Xffgradually he has been compelled to realize what he is against. - ,
_ 0 ' n 0 0 ' ~The narrator then gives a brief account of the crimes which broi;.gr.t r.Chessman's death sentence, leading up to the voice of one of Chessman's women viz. "~ _. =
This apparently was Mrs. Johnson-who was suffering from infantile paralysis when -~ *-
Chessman forced his perversions upon her. In an emotion-packed voice, this W011"... _/, ,
recounted her night of terror when Chessman assaulted her._ During her reciizal she
broke down, sobbing audibly. ~ ' '0 _ I~._ .. ' - _' L4.- -- . . , .. sr -- The next voice heard was that of the death watch oificerat San Q-".:e::';:;'.
matter-of-factly recited the events of the usual last day of a condemned man. G1-a;;l:i:l_ .~
he described the execution chamber'and the manner in which the condemned would be
strapped to the chair. Sound effects were heard in the background accompanying his, FROM :M. We? 1 . V '_f'"_._:
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The narrator then stated the big issue at stake is the death penaity r.-1:"; -
fiat many question the morality of Governor Pat Brown of California st:.ic_-1 iizathe death penalty has been a gross failure and has neither protected the innocznt-nor _*eterred th_e wicked. He said in actual practice-the death penalty is inflicted on the
??i¢k, the poor, the :1-ignorant," the-alcoholic, the psychotic and racial minorities. _
» [Smith then returns to,.Chessman and asks why is he so important. Henentions he is a convicted author who'has written several best sellers and who maintainsis innocence". James Miller Levy, Wt/ho prosecuted Chessman, states he earned the death
enalty. __Al_- Matthews, Chessman's defense attorney, then describes the trial pointing=ut the discrepancies in the descriptions furnished by witnesses at the time the ci'irr.=.:s -
J8I6 reported'and the Chessman trial. He claims Chessman is not guilty and 1-;»e;nenied dueprocess of law because of a faulty trial transcript which contains 2, C I; e:;.~:,;"s.ie points out after originalcourt reporter died his noteswere transcribed by zi <l;'~;.;I:';".r.iad is amazed an innocent man could be convicted this way. Mr. Levy answers by sayiizg;nat he has no quarrel with Chessman's right to appeal. He then quotes from a S.upremé"Jourt Justice who, in his opinion, points out Chessman cannot escape the violent story "
if what he did and that the so-called errors in transcription -are trifling,
The next voice heard is that of Abraham Wirin of the American Civil
iiberties Union ACLU! who claims that Chessman's execution will have an effect ,
hroughout the world; He points out Chessman has been used as a pawn in a high.nternational game and was snatched from the death penalty to protect the Pr"esiden; ofthe United_States. He feels it is not fair that any man should be used for such a purpose.
Governor Brovm then reads from his statement granting Chessmr.n'is '- .
reprieve in February giving as his reason his desire to let the Cmiforniaexpress itself once more on capital punishment and because of the telegram from .. " ' '
State Department relative to possible repercussion in Uruguay. - .
- Stanley Mosk, California Attorney General, then states that the U.
Department of State lacked courage -in that instance by first doing the right thing aixdthen backing away from its position -when subject to Congressional criticism and 'ittempting tofblame California for initiating the inquiry as to the effect Chessman's _
execution would have on the President s'South American trip. ' '
'9292Smith, the narrator, then points out that the Vice President of at ... -
States is on record as favoring the death penalty. .He discusses reasons why ilzi »
has caused such an uproar principally because of Chessmanfs brilliance ant; the i.1c..
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Hat people cannot understand our judicial system. Smith then starts to trace CI"-;-sapiackground and brings in a childhood acquaintance who says she is sorry io: Ch: 'ahat he had a hard background and'as a youth gave every appearance of being negi. ' .- I
YFather Edward Dinghcrg ;';hoent.ic!, -C.atihol.ic..C.ha'plain at San "<t.:i,:"c111tBS that he has always found Chessman respectful and over the years has noticed a.remendous change in him. According to Father Dingberg, Chessman has mt-.tured anciio longer does he feel that it is a question oi Chessman dueling with the executioner; '1
rather the main issue is the social service he has brought about by bringing a bright light
to bear on the death penalty. ' _ -
,_Wirin of the ACLU then discusses "the issuetand the " He saysJhessmanis completely rehabilitated and would be a useful person ii alowed to life.
'ie is against the death penalty which is not morally justified for anyone. Ari;iu:~_1Ioest1or,n author, then states that capital punishment merely adds a second merrier to the :~,.".o;~e
and does not bring the victim back to life. He says ii it had,a deterrent effect, it mibe justified but he doubts it. _ " ' ' '
The narrator then introduces one Henry J. Rice whose 9-year-old son w.~.:.*.
murdered by a sex criminal. Rice speaks for the death penalty. Duringhis 1::-.;;r_. I : Z;obviously emotionally disturbed and; on one occasion broke down and sobbed. In sub; .. .;".c;-he said people like this who take a human life were not good to anyone and should not be .»:.
made wards of the state to live off the people. .
Narrator Smith points out that the death penalty is applauded by law
enforcement personnel. Chief W. H.- Parker, Los Angeles Police Department, s"Z;;ies_"that the men who arrest these people know more about the behavior of that type oi 3individual than anyone else. He recounts a recent Los Angeles case when two men 'a gun on two police'o£iicers and could easily havekilled them to make their escape. Lat'e;~. _ A9292:lfl
one said he did not shoot the officers because he is fearful ox the deatn penalty. T1. .,
said he didnot even have his gun loaded because he did not wish to take the chance oikilling someone and subjecting himself to the possibility of execution. A Dr. Salin-2, phoentic!, a university professor, "disagreed with Parker and points out that recent
surveys proved that police are not protected in death penalty states.
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Smith then introduced a convicted armed robber -who has admitted tr.-'elve
armed robberies, at least eight of which were in Michigan which does not have capitalpunishment and the others were in Canada where the sentence for mircier car. cl.:.". '.:.This robber said that in his Michigan robberies he never carried an empty chanzizer in his
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vrun because he knew that if he killed a man in that state his only punishment ".'/e~.=."..'i .;e _
ail. In Canada, however, he always used an unloaded gun because he had a stroz;
lesire to stay alive and did not want" to risk killing anyone. . ' .
Dr. Austin McCorx_nick, .~~c.rimin.o1o;;lst.at the University of Cali.-'er.iia,
ioints out that many criminals carry toy guns in robberies so that they won't kill '
.nyone. He says that no one can tell what a criminal thinks but merely has to be
;uided by what he says. 157 , "-1
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V g . Clinton P. Duffy, former San Quentin Warden, states he does not believe
In the death" penalty since it is responsible-for much of the inequality in justice. I-Ia
7/0llltS out thatmany are serving life terms in San Quentin for crimes equally as se-_rion:*.
.s those for which others have paid.with their lives. Fred Di:-zon, described as l}.1ffy:s
uccessor at_San Quentin, points out that only the poor and ignorant people and those
bout whomno one cares; usually minority groups, are executed. He states that meacy
as its advantages. -Warden Duffy then recounted a story ofm execution in the early l;L3-as
vhen the Governor granted a reprieve on the basis of new evidence at the very minute 0:"
he execution. Word of this reprieve was received at the prison isolate. Duffy infers. . J
hat an innocent man may. have died. He concludes by stating that a vast change has taken
wlace in Chessman in 15 years. _' ~_
The remainder of the program concerns itself with the reaction to the
Jhessman case throughout the world. A CBS reporter in London states that on his '
arrival there a cab driver asked him "How can you kill Carl Chester after 12 years?"
.ie points out that he found a similar reaction everywhere he went. He says that the
;-xecution of Chessman according,to_the thinking abroad,would be the final outrage oivutrageous case andthat what happens to Chessman will be the responsibility of every '-
Flmerican. A British Member of Pztrliiament then states that he fails to understanc" Taow.
America can keep one man under sentence of death for so long a period. He feels :Chessman must be a different man and should be spared. . _ '
The narrator concludes the program by stating that whatever the ultimate-_
decision is regarding Chessman, capital punishment is the large issue and that - '
Caryl Chessman ha.s_been a symbol of the dramatic quality of that issue.
. . _ I
M From 9,50 p. m. to 10 p. m. WTOP presented a brief discussion entiytleci
"Capital Punishment - The Districtlssue. " This program was handled by Scott Su"-."i.'-:>-0. of
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"nurder carries a_ mandatory death penalty. The District Judicial Conference is st-elci; _I. _. sI
0 change this ruling so that the jury.-would have the discretion of l¬COIllI2l¬C';l_ll:_Z -:I;_"..'. .1
if the facts warranted it. Senator Kenneth B. Keating Republican - New Y<_!r;-:,__1'I>.£§
>ut that he lsin favbr of legislation which would require in the District the ceath L--'7 1 ""
"or first degree murder but give the jury the discretinn of recommendizzg lii-2» irri;>f15°--
=nent. Othershe'ard on this program were "District "Municipal Cou:rt_Judge Hyde was
tad some doubt about the value of the death penalty and Representative Abraham 5. I.Iu}.:r="
Democrat -A New York! who opposes capital punishment on any ground. Nr. Multer
lid not commit himself on the Chessman case as it relates to the principle of capitalJuhlshment. _. " '
I zIO RECOMMENDATION -0 , I ;92 It 'x1 _t _ _ .- u92_>.,'/ <.-v »".¢<.~ J-~
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T0 f I92'=92. DeLoach DATEI 5-2-60I1
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and was interviewed by SA
referral from the Director s7
with the Pre ' to seek clemency for
jurisdiction and that he should make any such request directly to the White House. "_1/.. Suihvgn .
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the Bureau at 8:45 a. m. on 5-2-60
of the Crime Research Section on
that Mr. Hoover intercede~
who was to be executed
on that day. was informed that this was a matter over which we had no /.
' _ -is not identifiable in Bules. -~
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RECOMMENDATION ' ' -
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1" M13 L A]-11e.r92i,92/ DATEZ May S, 1960 . k
Ki ~FROM 2 H. V. Clevelgn /// -' . - . Rosen __¬__.__
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While talking to of the; _National Presbyterian Church, on '.0~
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a telegram he haq received from
asking clemency. i stated that he, of course, had
taken no action in onnec ion with this matter
ACTI ON
1-Hr. Cleveland
1-Liaison SectionNone . For information.
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dated April 30, 1960, reading "Clergymen ere deeply concernedover Chessman. We urge that you reach the 1-"resiuentll~Zu;r.iy
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CHESSMAN! - . .l SAN FRANCISCO-'-CARYL _C_H_ES_S.t~1AN WAS "rm: FATHER or A 17-YEAR'-OLDrmucnrzn xmosr: EX_I_STENCE HAS NEVER BEEN mscwszn BEFORE, tczoracr: 1". =
rmvrzs, CHESSMAN'S ATTORNEY ZSAID roam.IT was FEAR ron THE Lrrbor was nnusurzn rm»: ATTORNEY sun "rumKEPT cuzssmxu FROM DISCLOSHW--;TH£ IDENTITY or rm»: REAL RED LlcivrN BANDIT-"
tDAVIS REFUSED ro GIVE ANY mom-: DETAILS.
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Ciiessman Pic Producer Tells
* ourf He Expecfs ZOOG N f e t e
Net profit of $200,000 is expected from the world wide distributionf Terence Cooneys "Justice And'Caryl Chessman, made on a budgetof $49,000,. Jerry Persell of Sterling World Distributors said yesterday- in Superior Court. - - i
_ "=-The 45-minute documentary has .alrready recovered its negative cost,
- s Persell said, although it is playing' ' ' second and third on the bill in
_ most situations and drawing flat
,_ rentals from $15 to $1,000 depend-'{ ing on theatre and length of run 3- average of three or four days.
5;" Many Suits Pending' ' Suits pending against Sterling
Persell, William P. Hunter and- Frank P. Sanders! include one for
$3,000,000 brought by Barjul in-
ternational, alleging S t er I i n g' pirated the film, and one for dam-
ages of $2-50,000, by J. Miller-_- Leavy. Sterling, it's understood,shares liability of latter suit, andthe possible profits, on a 50-50basis with producer Terrence. .- Cooney. The Leavy matter was in' _ court yester la_v.
' Persell said he yanked his prints- out of California when Leavy
brought suit but that 150 pi-ints'._of it are playing in every other
state except Hawaii via 30 ex-1" changes. ;
'l.'~ _Some Exhib Resistance -
There has been no word from
Hunter, overseas setting Europeanrelease. Film also is to 1:0 into ro-lease in South America where
feeling has lieen strom: on the, -Chessman matter; hence -- withofficial or unofficial State Dept.
interference always possible -. ' _'pla_vout of the film in the domestic.- ~ market could mean controversy
1 over the picture is only beginning.~ -Persell admitted"exhibitor re» .
spouse has been hands-off in anumber of eases but said the legalactions were not the primary rea- .~'son. Reason, he said, is objectionp
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1 - Mr. Lam-en¢;e Faish - Enclosure " -73 .
. Deputy Attorney General 1:;
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MAILED 19
MAY1 81960
COMM-FBI '
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pthe judicial officers of the United States acted in full conscience
and without sentimentality in the onforccmcnt_oQ the law.
Cu-~ »_ §oiQdadcs,, d a Chessman quoté?in92an C~colunn headline on
page onet T¥am eing executed without Rein; wUllty." It also
» reproduced a drawing of the scene of theieie on done by a
ncwspaperman, who was yresent. In its review Mexican reactions,
§§g§§aQg§ quoted several lawyers-and gauges, west of whom were
highly critical of the ¬X:CUtlD on the grounds that there must
have been owothing wrong in a process of law that permitted so many
I postponements. Soto of the critics were reported as having expressed
the opinion that the United States should wake revisions in its
judicial process and adapt its legal procedures to the grogress
that has loan made in modern juridical science. The Qgvedadgs
' editoria1_stated that the many reviews of the case and stays of
. ¬XGOoti0n indicated that doubts must have existed as to Chessman's
. guilt. The public conscience, which is almost always risht, was
not satisfied, it claimed. Enforcement of the law shotld have a
healthy influence but in this case it had the adverse effect. The
editorial saw a need for revision of he adwinistration of law in
V the United States, if justice is to be resoectcd as the protector
of man and of his rights.
' The tabloid-sized lgwrggsg of Kay 5 had a big headline which
read "Chessman was illed Like Teis." The rest of the front page
consisted of_a drawing of the convict in the execution chair
being overcome by gas. Qawggggsg felt that reactions in Mexico
varied from violent criticism oi California's judicial system to
approval of the execution as a necessary exam;le to stop crime.
Church authorities were reported decal; moved by the execution.
The Archbishop of Mexico, Miguel Dario HIRAHDA y Gomez, refused
to make any connent other than to lower sis head as if in prayer.
The Attorney General for the rederal District, Lie. Fernando
ROMAN Luge, an opponent of capital punishment, said that without
passing on the merits of the case he believed it would serve as
an exawple to those who tried to be heroes through delinquency.
Many of the reactions reported by Qgwgregsg criticized the eXecu=
tion as unnecessary punishment for the crimes committed. Some
" other observers, however, said that no country should criticize
the judicial acts of another. Qg ?reQ§g§§ editorial, after
reviewing the reasons that motivated a worldwide clamor on behalf H.
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iiiiiie gliditiiessman
X/HEN Caryl Ohessman' finally was
executed yesterday, it had been 12
ears less 19 days!_since a jury, which
ad an option in deciding his penalty,
oted the death sentence. Meanwhile, he
ad been g-ranted seven court stays andreprieve. " --
No case in modern history," said
ov. Edmund G. Brown, has received
iOl'G careful scrutiny by both state and
ederal judiciary." . .
The Governor, a vehement opponent
f capital pu'nis'hment-, personally ex-
mined every "phase of the case and
eportedz _ -.
"The record shows a deliberate career
f robberies and kidnappings, followed
y sexual assaults and. acts of perver-
ion, accomplished at t h e p oi n t of aIadedgun." ' ' ~
Chessmans criminal record dated
nCl{ to 1937. His 1948 conviction em-
raced 17 different crimes, within 20
l!'S. Included were four kidnapings,
n attempted rape and two cases in
hich women were forcibly compelled to
ommit acts of perversion.
His second victim, a 17-year-old girl,
s still hopelessly confined in a mental
iospita-lpossibly do0m_ed for life.
The question is not whether Chess-
mn was guilty. There is no reasonable
,.:iht about -that, despite his denials.,-.1-I-4 v _
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Neither is there doubt that he was just-
ly tried. Nor is there any doubt that
in any other country in the world would
Chessman and his attorneys have= re-
ceived from a judicial system so many
opportunities of review and appeal.
Indeed, his attorneys used this scru-
pulous judicial attention to their own
delaying tactics--which took 12 years-
to claim that their delays constituted
punishment enough.
" The question is not justice for Chess-
man. The question is whether or not
the state~any state-sl1ould inflict
capital punishment for anything.
If there were some way that mon-
sters like Cliessman could be lgept safe-
ly under lock and key, society would
probably be more ready to abolish capi-
tal -punishment.
In California, a life prisoner is eli_g_i;
ble for p2llOl§___l_I1:_§22F:'§_lT}_XQz§k_§. .31" §;lib
Ynan lil?e Clissman proba-bly would have
been freed, and by now would have com-
mitted s e v e r al additional heinousattacks. j '-
_ .4-
When the duration of a jail term
-more nearly approaches the 'sentence
handed down, and when a life term
means just that, the abolition of capital
Iiunislnnent will be'=more readily ob-
tained. The basic point is not punish-
ment or revenge; the basic point is theprotection of society. - f ~
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ten about the victims of this rnans per-
. ICbessmnand V|ctmr-.
There are two grounds upon which
valid objection might be raised to the
execution oi Caryl Chessman. -
One wo'fiIE1"5'é" tliét"tliere was a sub-
stantial doubt as to his guilt, adoubt
which we do not think was present in his
case. The other, of course,- would be a
conscientious objection to capital pun-
ishment---ap objection which would ap-
ply equallyf. to all cases no matter how
clear the guilt or how heinous the crime.
Neither of these considerations has
been stressed in most of the mawkish
nonsense written about the Chessman
case. For example, the foreign press,
possibly with an eye to the sale of pa-
pers, has harped on the 12 years of
indescribable mental agony to which
Chessman has been subjected. What is
never mentioned is the fact that Chess-
man and his resourceful lawyers were
responsible for this 12-year delay. Th '
availed themselves of every opportunit ,
e ry technicality, for appeals and stay
o execution. Of course they wer
w thin their rights in doing this. But
w y shoulcl__A_merican justice be damned
by critics at home and abroad because
lt gives a condemned man every op-
portunity under the law to plead his
case? We cannot help but think that
most of the criticism hasbeen the prod-
uct either of _a monumental ignorance of
the facts or of a sinister readiness to
seize upon any propaganda weapon if
it can be used to belabor the United
States. 1 -
Finally, why has so little been writ-
verted crimes; why so much concern for
Caryl Chessman, so little for the peopleliwhose lives he ruined? In all of the
iJrenzied chatter in Chessmans behalf,
'we have seen not one word of compas-
si n for the. girl, 17 at the time, who was
ore of his victims. As a result of h 2d adful experience she has spent iéy ars in a mental institution, and s
$"'?=MAY1'-1.-9-"'196 !jniay spendthe rest of her lifejthere. _
0Zl l .17-3 i-"I,/ .1 1 1", _ . _.|.,,.,»-*"- ' . ..__ ..,._._. I I11 »- _,-l_-- ' 1.-.-< *_"_,-;_-._L! CJL,
74,_' ~92{,."'-.§-i'omm T.6Q Trotter IV W.C. S-v.gi92'rdri5';V iI=>TR.=mrr'__
Inqroni
Gdndy
_ I . _. e. 6,3;/5//', ,.,..~.tu=/s/-47 . ;--4
A. vi,
4:,J_
ii In ts. 1 * 1* l X,--;_r___, ._;92,/./,1 92 _ -~
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/V I if."/Q git . 92/. ,..L-z...¢.$ -~ /--i"'
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_ _ V .2 r 92--', - ;/92/ '
§-u-pr!"-1
_ '; The Washington Post cnd_;__;____
' i - Times Herald
The Washington Dally News _____
The Evening Star ' '
. New York Herald Trlb92;ne__ ___
New York Journal-American _.'_.
New York Mirrorii -i/L/'?. 2Z.'3/;'!r
' The New York Times ______.
The Worker.__ p l _ Iv ' _ / I /~ .1 / _» .LA.f-*"" " NWT; é'¢'aE7"'_"""""' _,1 --- 1' _/ L _ 0' /" _ _ The Wall. Street Joumol __i_____
, Duke
l.-2.»'92'~.' 21; :51-5-;1:H55 171 . t 1960 I
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