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3FEDERAL BUREAU OF FNVESTIGATION
ALBERT EINSTEIN
PART 1 OF 9
BUFILE NUMBER: 61-7099
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, President,Brookline ,92 l.ll - -I .12 e 1 Frors an o P11 thinllp _ _;... 2 -1.} ff-:___'_I!1II I$jI'I'gsl'11!I'lt@,;:' 242'-s.John Fremont H111; -*5 utlln - -
Vice-President ,Boston.
- !iro.Le1ris O.1'.uoe.s, i__ _______. ;__ = .4-.Y.i._._'"_ *_j__2;-;u¢e bb3b- Secretary-'13-e;s11rc1-I;_i_. ;; W __-;j§lra}1o 'I_,1111oI;_
"' WI-shington-,D.0. .
. , C. p e . -~ eon: or cmness FILED AGXIHST'"lNi§BIO Q! "-12 Q _*?"'-*1
12;or ALBERTKINSTEII to ms onrxo siui -"F-».".'E .5.--*°"E-?j'"" -135;"-*'- Honorable I92.Dana Bodgdon Chief Qgc -ml. _ ' '-I ember-'19' Visa. Division,Deps.rtment_oi State, __ _. .- ". ' ~~--%{P.1"5'""f5-N 3 -={!§£j' 9§._ " *1 -- oambrid e,Ilass; '-_"'_'i. .. Ira Jrcgorio In
- Longfellow" 1I.!.o.i.. .. - g;.;,p¬m:l;[: §.B1;:ter7'?;§_'." ' "' ' on ss.: I. .§'£|¢927:'--"--";'.T.: Frog:-is III Cotton,;;_,#.1,,D.,-mostoni and the if;-e."»;~;->ei~j-3-"I,-;."'1' Oi! are ox-o£fio1o¢
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. _3-Donn sir: ' » - - -_ ' t ' *~ = .};i,:;i:-'§f'1f;;;_§iIt is respectfully requested, in view oi tho ' ..-1'-'?.,--.-.-...»,-F.-J?b§;,,l;92:.>;-,;;§';:mandatory Alien Exclusion laws of the United Stator, '1nd_=" T*--'*-;--».- ..- the 1av_r_s_ ;nek_ing it a Iolenr .f.'or,-any personissist er permit certain classes of inadmissible aliens12 f ' enter the United Btateq, that the American Consul General
,3 at Berlin, or Geneva, or any other American consular otfioe;-3;;at which application by Professor Albert Einstein tor; Q I -~';J='r---g5 . passport visa maybe made, be instructed to refuse and Ilth-._£x,,_-;_"'-'~§~-'-F
15 hold such passport visa to P1-Ofe.-5801" Einstein; or, 1! ouch I§.'Z.:'i"-?-'_-j.-1g 1 passport visa has been issued, to suspend or revoke the cane,--- -
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ll. _. in accordance with the laws and tact: _heroait,er sot forth - -and charged, under tho requirement of Federal lav making ita duty of citizens under PonaltY of the lav to make knoll: "";""'§'5' '
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asQ1 to proper authorities certain facts yithin the knowledgeI3 1 of such citizens. ' - ' - '- - - . --s -- 4 -"-'4:-»--=-JP
1.1-mvm.-romr PROVISIONS or ms IN nus cast
The mandatory provisions oi low to which attention is
invited, and the duty or the Department of _8tpto_ to enforce.Sj;1;1:-g;':;i{Ti-}. - "- '_ -. '-" §+;-'5 1~"-. ' .1 "_ _":_'t92}"»;¢"' " . tr.
.4 ._ .-92--no 4.-.-.--iy- ._--.-. ..- -- . . '- .--;- .1."-_-faker;-¢ - ;'_~,_5_.I,',-92-,1
It. them, were clearly set forth in the reply as the State pops:-s-._::,*=1;i.§;.j=*§-Q
ll ment, through Honorable William R.Goat1o then ¢hie£~ot*. _;;IO Western Euro can Affairs nowindc sec eta ' ' ' _ p , r r 1-'1' oi State! to,3 lawyers tor-Goamtess-Michael Knrolyi. The material Parts of 9 » _that State. Department ruling, dated November _1.Q,l925,_f_j_,,;ié§.,_;_j,-:-
follow-D __I" us _ p.
.24 ~:.,-.v...-.»:'¢,r- _-=1. _;;, - '.'i'_""-1-.7 5%-:'.'T-- -~_ -- -'-4_ _ .. - s..-_.-"f <4."-tn;-,~=.-. - ~.--;.i-?.~.=__-. .-%'_.->8 .. . ._ - - .-.- ' . ' -- .- _ ~i- _,,. ___-. _ __¢ _ -. ;,, £1 '~.921.*': " "_-_-- -5. .u_ "...1'he casenzis governed by-the laws relating to the-n»-r-»:~_--=-W
$5 .as -admission er aliens to this country. Your attention,1!;,;%§1if£¢?'5#.i?*':i{$directed particularly to g¥e,Tto1l0i$ng_'=.n.Io oz: ti: ~ ¢_.j_; Bllbjt.-ct! mucosa-ha Act OI tQ 1 16__L9],E'§., nmongoi 1 - '3 »- 3. M? I.
._54 by the Let of June 5,192O._."_ ' f ;_,,;..;5.§_;e<.;~§=,;;;;:=,_.,rg;<g5,Q;£=.:.{,.,;;.,q;_i,5m:§a;;J_ ,-_.i.Sl?'- -..--_. _"Tho Department: action is t ken59 _ duties imposed -and the authority tense»;-ea byso lnnsj and it is, therefore, unable to comply with tour?"=01 .- request that n vise. be granted to Countess1- - -;. . '-::;.~1'::".'1-11;." .<-~';. . . -_ ..=¢=,:§_. ;, .. _,.!i__r,,.,,-_92-,.i.4-.,.,a.-&",',It is submitted that no the '1 ur has not 'se¢='u n "'1--5---.*-.-.-.»,~.-..=.-.~. e res ct sinoo th a D8011 W " "' . . .'. thi -2 J. * '3"-.-.111-= $a.§E'.¥§;
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' ' - -._-.._.._. _i__ _ _., A. _- - - - believe that the immigrant is inadmissibie j __, ' - J
' ?'""" United States under the ~1m1s='=~*1-====~--1awa.,;;.;;;;ii:i;;-_- ; -. Bee.l5 B}= No alien ineligible .1=e"ei_t}5gr1Hh12 IM11 W :e";'..-_j;;;3:=ad-:sitted...un1oss such alien is adssihle as a nenfqueta i-__.:__;;_'§_;_,_?1.:;.:H _' 1mmigrant..-Or is not an immigrant. - _ e _ ~ - f_ __ _/'-f-i._:'_'_'I,_f',"
: ' "m__ ' no.2.» JBURDEH 1JF_PR0QF..'T3#h¢vn9vor an: alien aw-=-me:-I--1-_ee_.s_.._.__i'_ *' ' ates the bl1r¢_ie'ri"'6I' i 'f'DOY'lh9~11 I s t Uh U 11 C B1? 1 en °r °~n ° 5"t'1f6 £%B'FE'92'£b']E-'<=E'tc--*_e- ~ -' . u on such alien to est-al:Tf§h_t a c-ezoiusion under an; provision of the immigration laws.
The let of February 6,1917, provides: I. W é . i __ _
: 3 Soc .16:"Eveu alien me no-1 not appear to the examining l _. immigran nspoc or at the port of arrival to be clearlz e '-
and be end a doubt entitled to land shall be detained * -v v, V e for examination In relation thereto by a board of special _,;_ _I ~ inquiry-I! . _ , - -_ :- vi to f.. _-_-,-_ _£., _.7____4_,?|_,_:___ g___f,2_?¬_._-;§_
.. ' . Procedure under the section last quoted is under thg ; ;_...i _=,:,;~92__ v31;-fef.-*:'£':'immigration inspectors of the Labor Department. But it is ;_....s.¢,__._,-am..., clear from this section, as well as from Scc.2 f! and Soc. __ _, _ v_ __,__%_25_of the4Immigr'.1tiOn Act of 1924, that Congress determined __-_
that the bu.rdenof proof shall"te"upen~sush-alien--and
that neither consular officers nor immigration inspectors have authority to waive or neglect to onfereethis mandate ' ' .
-_ of the law, _ . -V i é _ _This--icgai -requirement -is also -maphatiealJ.I st atod fog; l
the Supreme Court of the United States; s - '
those '' "...in order to safeguard against admission or
t who are unworthy or who for any reason fail to measure
- up to required standards, the lav: puts the burden upon- every applicant to show by satisfactory evidence thatr he has the specified qua1ificatiens.;.and dhen doubts _e::ist...thcy should be resolved in favor of the United I . _
states and against the claimant-"And men, upon a fairf the evidence adducod...doubt remains." ' ._ consideration othe _Uni'g_g_d _5;_ates_ is_e_ntit1ed to 3110; _ben.°f._1t of _such ._ _'I14_§i ~
7 acubtand the aipiication _'sn_Q1__Y§aJ;g_ _q¬a1ca._ un1¬oE* _ -eEtams vosika scawimerfzve 11.5.6565. ' _ '
" _ That Supreme Court decision related to requirements of -
i the'natu.ra1iz_1'._t__i_en laws» But the similar, if not mOI0severe requirements of the immi atien laws regarding the" i "burden of proof make this principio clearly mandatory t "iin considering application of "any alien" to enter the 92atr nitod States,'",_' = 71 -_._. __ H I , ---_ - "" U "
cssmrs caasssqor sums format as sxcmn>so' ' _ ~ - -
, r!'?_ - The Inrai§retion Act of"!-<_:lhs~921ar'y-5;1O1'?,.--and-i;119,.klieg, ._..j =_ Exclusion and Deportation A3:t,ef October 15 !.9lB,'a'_s _-=-"" Q -. -35 1: 5" amended by the _!>et of J921;:O§§:!-9?g_;_T§g!l;_IQl£@;' irj _, -_-_»_|,":;.;5-5I1 -o I. k . -ii .. .,..,.-----1 - - - 41,"; -1»-92¢'92I'92-u on '3 ;?._ Pf rggéét-.§§§s§=I§é:::§ ¬i2 u{tE§ 'st§:%-*é_'; "7'_ *1" -
H V ens nfho believe in er advocate the Z,5° Anarchists or pars$1 _ eve;-threw by force and violence Of-'_th0~ _§eV01"nm0nt of£2 ,, the United States...or who disbelieve in or are opposed f__' ~ ' to or onizcd §ovorn.mont...or who are members of or _ ;. affiliated vi h any organization entertaining and -aching disbelief in or opposition §O1O§§?1'l zed "-_ _b 9 Q ' "'l vernment," etc. Scc':3,Act of Fe . , __ _"
-' _ ' "aa1iens who are aaarcmsts; ' : - -_l_é92, bi Aliens who advise advocate or teach, or she are' f o affiliated with our organisations k ;*-'e:_.i.- memhers e r' association, society, or group, that advises, .. _- ~--..--as +.e-u~,ne,s_. opposition to all organised -- --1 v.92.
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' Z or published, or Ibo uncw1n§1s oirsuzs-no.1=tv1b92M.l is
print or display,or knowing Y sausc to be circulated,
,.'.L.lnowing1y have in their possoifsion _1'er tho purposes or Z;_ sircul-92tion,distributienmublication or-di lay any ~__'n-itton or printed matter, advising, advocating or l ;_,%e:}|.c1;lng-H-_..lthc doctrines enumerated in ng_;s;gv1s_i'sa'-=5--
1,, ons_sho,arosnombersccf-or affiliated Iith an! 8rBn~i:atioa,associatien, society or group that writes, cir-culates, distributes, prints, publishes or displays,orcauses to be written, circulated, distributed,printedpublished, or displayed, or that has in its possessionfor the purpose of circulation, distribution, pub1ica- "tion,issuo, or display, any written or printed matter Hof the character described in subdivision d!."Fer the purpose or this section: ! -the givin§,loan-ing or promising oi money or anything of value o be
1 -. N17doctrine above enumerated shall constitute the dvi_ Id! Aliens she vrito,pub1ish,or cause to" nritten
7 used for the advising, advocacy or teaching of I-I-1?-'l'~L<"*%"1""""'c y v s s-
_ ____ _ 4-. ._==t.=-.i~- *
distributed,printod, published or displ-7ed,or she
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a s ~-- --agvecocy,er teaching oi su'5'n""doc'ErIne;"a'd ! the ins, _ '1 1 '
va uo o any organ zation, association, socioty,o_rgroup oi the character above described shall constitute
i"al'rilia_tion therewith; yt netmni in tEi's'pa:1a rgpb c_!'_E_al:I*_ 'gc"tEkena_s an exclusive doti_ni1?ion*er ad'§Is:|.z5g,-advocacy , -teaching g.§r1¬'i'6i¥,"'g 1; ngé caning or promising of money or anvthing oi _
or aft _ _
__ '1§1E,1_0RMALlCHARGES-'1iGAIH'B£'1LBER1 EII92TSl'EIJ if
Io are informed and believe and charge that P;-erossor
Albert Einstein is inadmissible to the United States on the
following grounds: e .
Ialilbert Einstein believes in, advises, advocates or teachesa doctrine mica, in a legal sense, as held by the courtsin other cases, would allow anarchy to stalk in, _ Hmmelcsted" and result in government only in name. -"=- "-
b!Albert Einstein advises, advocates or teaches, and is-a member of and affiliated with groups that are in militant a'iid"admittodly "illegal" opposition to themost mndamontal principle of organised government; --_ cllllbert Einstein believes in or is affiliated with. Communist groups that advocate the overthrew by terse ,_ _or violence or the Government oi -the United States; headvocates Facts oi rebellion" against the basic __g_. rprlndipld ot all organized government that it"may_defend its existence and compel obedience to its laws torso or arms; he advocates "conflict with publicautherityg", admits that his attitude is "revolutione.ry;"that his purpose is "illt¬el" and that he intends to .organise and load, and co, loot money tor and contribute or -s money to a "militant opposition" and to combat , the 1_ basic principle ct our Constitution that our supremo J _.-_Court has always 92iphO1 as ees_entia_l to tbeitiistenéiq r;oi our Government; he teachoi and'loaJs6'1ergai'i'fies 'a movement for unlawful "individual resistance? and_=."ac_t_s of rebellion" ag'92inst,efficers of the United '
States in time 0! 'nar,which is-almost impossible " without the assaulting or killing or such officers as -.- a necessary consoquo cc oi such acts oi -rebellion, and "' Irhieh,on the part otqparticipants in sue}: u.'1laIiul e.nd_ -~-~~'revolutionary" Fcembat, "conflict or rebellion Q-1 s _" Albert Eigjin hio=gl$_nau¢.!och1= <l'b,]2,°11JZ°.!!_ mu" '
-promote treason, desortien or other crimes o ainst the-1
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W H in M Hf-the Ado 4: ?ebru:1IF 5:3-93-'5 --~,~- ~{__ l.'_;__§f;'1__L .,'__;,;_,;_;___;_-.1:-I; ~_-and scc.a e V, _ ,___,__
i frenisei s1oncy er sense-~*.;--.-___l_i_._-i .l Albert Einstein gives,leans or prestige leadership - - -- _*t1-ling er value {including his own p .- and premises money to __.._:_____,________, _ and labor} -and collects money torbe used tor advising, advocacy eroteaehing of the dec ._,__:___7h___ Y cording to law shall " * "'-acaza.
. constitute the advising, advecac-* HoF¬i'1'E'é"'-and "shall llOti§§1_t}113i}1{f,1;.§._!.921i1_Dg with such 7 organization, society orgreup. ' * ' s . a W
' If thorabove charges are true, -llbert Einstein nust be -held l .
d each and all of the . -'-trines above enumerated Imich ac _92 4 _ ' ~er teaching of sue . ,-_.______h=::___,__L_
a 5 -iissaemissihic 1'-o as United States gn_ er
d t laws e cE.chs§0§ "' _-__ _ stbdivisienn 0! thessan a cry
_~ or aliens tron this country, above set terth._ - ' _
" 2 root bylaw is clearly 5p'¢{+si15¢nf '- h
I92Y92l'92 Q___;_ Ihile the burden e p -" """-d reasenrcle doubt thac 3:9-' ---.- __' _ii1__i§__ATqe_u-1.ulia1l uuyuuthe mandatory restrictions"-1:1 -the yii -appliesln 11.3-l.L_easerima taeie proof oi all_ the above charges may be establishedgy an investigation by the Visa Division of the State Depnrt- _ - i *
meet, and by careful examination oi Professor Einstein by the _consular officers, -and will be submitted hereafter, by the "
undersigned {when compilation oi documentary evidence en thsss <
points new being made is completed. - . ;_ _ r _ ____
It is to be noted that ggmiasiens of an alien concerning
himself, or hisbeliefs, are on an equal rooting with actual
convictions in roreign co-arts for the purpose of d-ivminins ..
his right to enter the United States. See Sec .3, ImmigrationAct oi 1924!. Ho is required by the sane law Soc.'7! to state '"t a member of each class or individuals
i excluded from admission...un or
r five years lmprisenncnt for
lmerringly making any-false s H
. oath, ._ . ._ ~ The admissi_g_rLs_ of Albert Einstein concerning his "illegal" _.._.__n.nd _ revolutionary objectives and affiliations are matters_ of public record, but appear hitherto .to_hovQl19en_m92nxnet1ced' ti emst'.lar'ei'iicer:-. er_i."z.eigratien inspector,-s who h:1v'6. granted visas d. entryte Einstein tor several fewer" _* transitory vi.$It92s to the United States.--'= _ -
But nos he is seeking to become a pcmanent or se=n_i- o .germanent resident or the United States, and in any case,ec .2 oi the Alien Exclusion and Deportation Act et October16,l9lB as amended, is applicable to the classes or aliens '. excluded by that act ,' "irrespective _e;__the tin_e__g1 their- ent_1_'_[ into the United States and such aliens may even be .deported "at_anj"tir:e_a1ter_ onto;-i% the United States if
Sound to have sass at the cine Bi e. if?» '0'Ifjte have hecccpe __
thereafter, a member ot "any one ct the c1asses__enuae_ratee.'
m°"£3???-= "i'1;;;";'r-1;.t.£¥§:5n::e::r"re; o 92 - frevieus _tz;:1jn_n£t9 ='! "_-gdoissimu to the @2318 qtatos, tncre- _. tore, give no alien thy exemption from 1110 atorw provisions-or the Qlien ixclusien and Deportation l'4urs,;££ had, ihen they-R '- are round applicable 'to such alien---and -the 4- or proof sirestaupon such alien in any application for pasnpert visa _er--admission, regardless oi previous V1la's.;n_'r. admissions to_ J -
_ _ the United States as e._tes1perar5T V1si1iUI'._.-,.;,?'fo!=j%;% . _-. .
~=,-====:~.=:,1=."=*=-.-*1;-;~;1+=é?-;-s " H
&._;sw-92-- ' I '- -4' ': _Q -<92 ._
1-. _ , _ - I _ 1. -I . I1 ., '-t '--' - ' llrmandolph Frethin92;{:.an!
?I0B1 'nul1t, The Roman Pe.triet_ Corporation.
' -an-In '1 ---- - , .81 * 4" . lP3-;;.,Z____nan1;,;#:::?*c.nan§¬ s<>caacn.c>~$r,_ ._. - 7"* Vida Di|.;sa..-a Department of State ,_ November 22,1932,_-Iagi U. H . I -_ . , _ r
' " Dear Sir: ».l'he attached nemedandxaa er evidence in proof at
3*-.1, _. _ charges tiled with you yesterday that Albert Einstein is -~ -
- inadmissible to the United $tates....is herewith respect- p
- fully subaitteds " - Very truly yours, .
H iot A.i*:10THINGPL92lI i _
1.0110,' i; ~ - - ,_' . Signed! sn-L c - 2 .v: * - c- !I.'!.R!l21 .D1¥1'l. Frothinghan ."*' o ~ _P:-esidcnt, The woman Pa riot Oerporatwhether he is or is no -d- the igratien lass 3 and s
"%i921bject to ..a $10,000 fine oi ' ta tement '1n'!11a application under ' _ __h__
u»! /'¢f{*{;-H-"" M91. ..---92-' 92
Q.
D-'.;_ "?n~s1= to i>rov'cnt"e enI'uslon'1 such "as "has"6!'ten hanifosted ""'__?92;;_o;P;{"1oHeRANDHH;0F B §_ JCEj23ATfé¥BE3$wEE¥5?§¥i, ,?¥*3"1$$l$F§f7_*V7"
itself in regard to alien exclusion cases, even oneng 1a92r5e-rs!
*-~-"" "fit is'te be recalled that an alien seeking admission to the if _
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-:3United St tes is gskin _a favoriand seeking a hi _iriji1e othat nay go granted""en§y noon sudh terns, cenns and . E..'.'.f-_-
-restrictions as the linited States may _deec:_92__desir_able_..;;5lT5===»i
ilo alien is compelled to enter the United Btates. If he . _...
does not like American toms of admission, he can staz out. i _
and if he does not neat ineriean tom of a'&Fu'Tsien, -.
Government san_!:e_eg gain out, without any injury to his " -' __
person or property, or dial nfehis liberty, and altogether IL;
without any trial by court er jury under the strict rules of _evidence that safeguard the person or groporti of one charged 1.with an offense, fren unjust penishnen or less. Ian"; govern-'*_.__.:»__._. _ .
r --- 2-re =2: '-4,-'.'
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nents, notably G1-oat Britain, simply tell, an alien that they don't want him and that ends the matter, Jithout UVen_a _- _right 6: the alien to ask then shy! 'w-~' V ,. ,,,_,,;,;
the alien seeking admission is not on trial bof_ore__a court
of law; he is not in jeopardy of his 1'He,lTbert_yor"pre§crt§;
Wis under no compulsion at all to appear at our gates. And _
likewise, the two sets of American officers , in two different ..
departments of Government, that Congress has directed to guard
the gates, need not open then until and unless each is satis-
_fied,"'beyond reasonable doubt that the alien is wort of aLiiglf Qriviloge---which millions of aliens througout !£%ewor aredenod. "'- '
The burden ofpreef is upon the aliong not upon the '
Government, The United States not the alien, is legally *-""""'e"entitled to the benefit of all doubts. The final determina-tion of facts is entrusted to adni.nisttite officers, not e
te a 11:7. Adn$.ni.I1i!a$11'0"0ff1dO!l are "net -obliged-to -be1ie1re'**~;-*-1*_;~the testimony of an alien in his own behalf, and ."nore qr:-er,,
adequate supporting evidence, -is not a denial of due processof law" in those a ion exclusion ca so. See deciien bye 1
even if it consists in finding an essential fact without -e .-'._,_
. ,,_ __.-,,,_ _
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2 142 U.S.65l 660! vuusssj I I I ' - _ _ ,
It is not necessary to prove the alien guilty of any_cri.ninal _or other offense, or of any overt act. It is eugh if his ebeliefs; opinions. or affiliations shos.hir. .-c .... :-..-sea? use-I_Uu.D '" -of the several classes Ti! aliens that shall be excl ed V
from admission into the United Staten _, -_ __ __ _ __;____--" " ' .. " =1 . |_-r, " _. i '- , M -*_,_- ~ ~ ;' j
' 17 D0 G § O'bIDl'V' """*'5"' u.-;--T . An;',e_:ecutive officer, n92oreover.-,- =.1_.s*-no" ' " of _' --ii __the strict rules of evidence enforced to judicial tribunals is _-in es: lwding or dcporting-alionh 00 1,101-Y-D0921£,'7th.Us$¢ '1, .-
alien, shall be fino1.... 1 oe _3'? Stat.'!3'! 738} _ -e"- ""-, _--"5:- -=s- '53.--.,..11 _. -~-4 Circuit Court of Appeals, decided 41c;:lB,,J.95Q,No,,.QB§4!, .3,- F} _ J l3 "In, oag?,Ihe:92e ,%n--a1.ien'gr,i_s_,oxcésed" the-<'92e-elIi.;_:i.f_Of_*; ;i"""1f"_j-;T"administratifo _ flows zrgdycrse , adzrlsllep pl "gush 4:. I
_."I ._ " - -- n
gthe entry of undesirable"'alions;,'-Itfhas -entrusted the keys ofe l Congress has been dilige-it. iniie-stablishing'_ barriers against, '- 92-
our 'gates to two separate sets of officials, either of which - H
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_;.__ _ production hn~i_ slivers,of;1w11t;Lor:si'L Ibi1!_sP,.1o1,;;rqq-_; U;*5;L11J,§:1y_1,92. ' 1- 51-uupn y.u.u|.- uu.n..|_uvu ."vus;uuuygl-ff|:|.u:f_;_:.._:;:,:l*,
@H.§cP b11=11.-"n°1°=e<? °.¥*5_°%"=L"£%5Pj5.9Et?.1P¢,L-_, P9?! c '
! gm Ior1d_§o';1§;-ess 13-;;;==g Inporiaiiggsar--;:m{::§22.::devenby European ocialist ioariers as a omnmi p __ _j p -__ piIhich BOO Conmmist delegates took part, and --in '1l.1°1'1:bo""' '-'r::"-T..;".'";.L-f-.,'
e p - - Marcel Oachin, oriminist number of the French Chm: r _ F '*1-.1-Deputies one Willi lunzonborg, 8om:unist.4ep921l=Y $0 311°l-~-j-y=,=;;_+_;7<-_¢__~_-Osman Roichstag put forth nest effectively and cl:-anscall! the Communist program of action i?einst war. es '- Ahe Ion Iassos,!lovonbor,l932,p.lO,col.2 . ".j 1 if _ _ ,
in-om: sxssmnizis on the so:-is Ou:nittoe" of -the nbove____ .-Oonnunist Gong:-ess i his -nane heading tho. lost of erncn _members, followed y that of cum zsms sun Iunsenberg -' _-and other notorious Ommmnist lenders. £09 the may _;;_,;._¢;¢-Iorkcr, official Juaorican Oonnunist organ, Oct .ll,l95_2,ps§, _ .." i
1' .
The "Ian'i6osto' cf the above Congress declares thct.'oash ' -of1us" and all together they have pledged and sworn thon- V '
so vss: s 1 - "
"...to fight with all our force and with all the nouns at
our con-hand against inperialist-capitalism -. » .
against armaments, "against war pro arctions, and in- consequence against the governments I18." lie! '
_lasses,Novenbor,l932!. - ' p - _ _
"ihoy strosse the fact that var as a collosal mass
movement cannot be prevented fry the sacrifices of indivir!uo1'*f"' k
.¢;-&-_"- ' _--"1-M conscientious objectors no nattor how courageous and roll -
motivated these persons night be. they advocated moss anti-
war activities in___thc armies o_.nd_r_inv_10s in 1.I.r_1il;_i011 iantsnnzinnong transport workers vri'xo co92IId triple [cri pl'e%l*t§6¢_._..._ .. , .._
~.
In short, both Gonmmisn and sabota e iere openly .ur§od st . 'this so-called World Congress Againstslrzrporialist Plaza.
this Conrxunist organization is in itself sufficient to cz-clggo hin from ndnigkgenhte-:23 gnnitgddtatelt For is itne scary to prove t o on e o of the contentsof the prograns...or any one of thou. Ii is sufficient if -the evidence shevedithit he Ias _-1% ng_1:¬g¬ of g¬h_aff%l%c{ed.with such on organ an on as con onp a oi! 61 6 s 5 u o. Soe__'I_1ar v.Doak, £up__r5_, p,5!, _, s -i. _ -
EIHSTEIH no also one oi the loaders of the Iorld
Congress of the Anti-Inperialist League---a subsidized '
affiliate of the Colilmmist Intexnational--.-that not at ,
Fro nkfo:t,'G§::---~r:r, -.-'u1j'.' 20,1929 and his-picture was _ ,, ,foot lea ders oféhat ltioruanis Congress,w we w- =>-mi-1» e=@~=-Zoit92_:;_: ' t ' - - -" ,. ¥, _ , -.'o-_'-I"!B. __ Q aw , L; : - L. t. . _ - ,c: 4, __ _ .n 12> who w=>=~1=__<>=~- Z. £°_¥!A'"i1_9_l.'*_=E.1..!!.9.1-"-°5~ on °1a"1¢t1§n1Iwwell-known affiliate and creature of T50 Communist Int ' 'tion'o.l.The contribution of noncy,__"er nn'ything,,of -value to M; " gm-ization" of this class,--constitutes affiliation, under c ,
statute, with the Workers International Relief," and thofoforewith its affiliate, the Con:-xunist International. See Kjar -Vsnoa-k;Ps6!o - '_ . _ '
ALBERT EINSTEIN, March 1,1951," wrote to cm Workers
International Ro1iof,Anorican Section: _- ' "
"Tho work of your Organization has the highest importancein a country in Ihich the individual is so insufficiently lprotectod."_ - _ - . - 7
That Einstein's indorsonont had oonnorcial value is not onlyself-evident as ovon Bernard Show and Loon Trotsky regularly
collect money for more press interviews! hut as a nutter of3'16; '3-mlto1n's inaiorsonont was dcenod of such great "value .to the organization that it was the first and principal thingnontioned in an a ppoal for funds, issues March 14,1931, by ,the Iorkors Intornationo. l Relief, American Section. '
T3! The I-ar Resistors International This organization orsroup, 'w1T1f?H51i='n"hE§aT"EIns*i'E'in"1's' ithusiastically affil- .L 1Il.tQd I:92:lu'>_g_v"921i1v:1n...qfQ.92l'.92,¢..4u§l--V - A4,:-. -, --...s.A.. s.._,,.,i .F ;
'- htamsr EINSTEIN: membership on .thn_1'Iorld c£Aonnittoo" of '__ . .
4' <
T*.""'f_T.fi_m= "well as too-at .- 3;-;ro~.q>5:;'.a1=a in-'mo"i'~ om; and ~t11o__~-_-3;;-__~:¢_-k Z_-."*:.'"' ' {92g151Qn lnthg Jay gage gitgd EIRSTEIIUS _,,_j_115,1;1°§ .;'l-+~- ~~-o-with the Ia r Resistors International 'E:onstitates' '"' r _- __ _- ~ affiliation with its affiliates. t : _, - - "'<"~- :-""_t "
___w_ __v __ ___ ___ f_ _ _ _ __ .__._ _.,_. '--_'..- '. 7--A-Z--*5 "j; ---- - '* ""-r--"*_"'*- _,______....-.~.~ ._.-->-s- ' ._ ___ _. ~ - In the list 01 Fatfiliated sections Jot the Ifar Resistors *_ * ' International at "least three "anercho-secialist"'e.nd "enarche-___
*- t ~-- " cornunist" affiliations are adnit_ted,[_ :S~og_Ij=_-r Resistance, ,__L_,...___:,_._,_:., " "ten Practical. ?o1ic7, ppJ'5-6!»'~- -* "_"f"" 3 1 - .
" ,. " 5-_ ;-1-- .10. '_ --Its beliefs and"el:-Jeetivcs are officially ednittedin -- e. " '
n 1»-=~'~=-r-=11»--=W__, as s p l -_ * 7 p
. - Out at the present shoes the Iarjesistors-_1ntcrna_tionel_;,;_____;;.,_o3 '-=""""'"" "1>eliovesi that s new Social Order ca n and will be cstab- p_ ; lishcd. It looks to an order of society where all shall - V -
I have the opportunity to co-operate tor the good of all '~" mankind. It believes that those sham es new acco%%niod _ .i ___.o.e____ W §_y__revoljq.t1ona;_~y: upr1si_r_1gs -5133'-f, in a _ itf-'""'""o""-¢---""-"'-~" enH'_fcTr n 0 e Ivar reaction and grs"Jat'o pression, __ _ -7 E__ggr{ _I_r3_r resistor desires to take grt in t§e_stru lo, Y. p cont dent 'i'rT¬ho ultimate trimzflt e¥ the foreos i!'-Eigg "
- nakc tor a new social erdsr....."{Ibid.p.'I!. l '
s ' - -' - '= . K_ "The way to stop war is to retuo to take pirrt in it I3 to refuse to train as e soldier, te romeo to nako rmnitions, t
and then to _Qr_[;nniz0 go ss ro_g_i_sta nco....'1he sentiment -' against war was £5 are Hg? t onoug, Hit the International '
* £apl1_e_d_ for op§n__£osiat@ce." _
; Tho largest Section at the War Resistors International
" is th.eFe11oIshi in the United States, Ihich muzbors 7,500" numbers." Ibid-g
-
- lie have made representations to the various Governments ___'*""" ...1heae'reprcsentations IPQ oot___¢9g=_ direct iron the 1 1-.o;_- _p .1 national, mt 111 ea. IO so-.-0 Q1-pm taa"e1@ 'v7_iIl1nT_16gI of non of _oniponcc such as Pro'£c_sspor:E1nsj=6InZ..?'_'%'Ibid%pffi, Inphaiis ours ¬hrou5houtT. * ' - -
- "In other 1|erds,"Viththo""aid"eT rrorai's<T=~"1:1tTsta1nTi"_"_"""* wi11in§ help as an eminent nan" these revolutionaryradica s are able to promote their objectives nore onset-
ively than they can through the organisationthoy established
for the purpose. - , e , __ - .
Anarchist affiliations are not only listed, as previously
noted, but featured in the official. report or the Ior
Resistors Internationa 1, in part es rollers: ._ _ V. _. .V_a;§- in _i
An Anarchist 'eo::1rade...re1'erred to 701.1, Hr-Chaiman,
as that extraordinary Secialist, Jo-.1 were -12!!-:3 ruur - Pn 3'; §~¬.11'-rL=-.>1 in .=:-r'.émf92e'nt as I, ocisli. 1}.-=;>_-.92,;~_-I_;,; -1 ,1a,- __'*_;,' ._ I!~ ° * ;,g.e1'2°:E%%1 he M ' '7 ._: -~ -- - "' '8 - e"..7"-.. t-ilécun K '-" . . . s-' -..- 1 .1 -I t -
I7 -
llIn air noveent and Soci-1rl.st ~" _*92 h tn: ter- ,., _ _national 5n1_13ed__t_he ggwgpv o_t-&ne-gon;_=w- 1f1=1r=1 '1' - .,Report or the Ectrotm-y,1b1d.p?B§. _ ~ -
Could there be clearer proof of theoffiliation oi the5° war Resistors International. with 1 And ALBERT Anarchists51 EINSTEIN created to aid this anarc.1o-conrmnist War Resistors51 International, the Einstein liar Resistors International3 z=~.-_-=e." It-id.p=9 0!. _ t _
55 mo official report of tho secretary of the War Resistor!5 International shows also that it has no intcrnest in the mere
t irankl anarc!-m-corutnmist _ 57" maintenance oi cacc bu is y an5| g,¢§' ch every war resistor desires to-take "3 "his part in the struggle and "revolutionary uprisingscontemplated by the War Resistors International, no I11-!'0!l3I . Uhns D
52the report declares: _
* "No taint upon the res ensibility ct the individual " himself to commence to guild the not world without...- waiting, tor his fellows to agree to do the sane. WM
Reaistance,p.14}, W - p p '
' We have attained the power to stop var breaking out. I__... 4...- s_-n.1-»s,».+».1y q_1.1:92.92 13 1fg]~1__gLg_:_;_s_g§:{> 92Ls!;§q_I;l-g t'h0 ., .-...,.,... 92 ._-.¢---1'
1- A.-;.-_l;;_;; vnpparont 'pr'1p_r92nl;crDu8nO5B "er tno n.sser{;h. .1. ue not ._- .._ ._s-at-_--_-M s1: i:i:c:;c_-slain that over is Iithin the gr-es};_, the liar "*""*"i f -f*.- -
___;_4;______,_;_..Resistors Into .-ctionnl alone. g have on allies in""'-- "";"'T_""*the oat _g_roletar__ig1 new ts of EH0 werla I513 "__;__ _ or i l __._e.1:-3: M .._s;_i_-;-~;c§??§_->s~w-- -ii-1->4~-"~---=~~-
-;- rletero the" International was rounded 'theZ1ra'r resistor; '_' " it..__ c. . -Ia! called n toneientieus Ohjoetor-..'ieday we ecelaiu Hf: 7";___*_':_
J the indi id l sibili to ani -' "'f"¥'" " ,_, ___s - .. 1' ua reopen ty or no nass resist _'' W shoe to war and to unite the detefgati to EH1] Ehs 7 on,1 1I'6Tr'Uor1d."_ fibids! a o - -
r : One of the methods oi ee-operation has been oy the -
I for-nation of the Joint Peace Oeunoil. In this Councilc _ =11 the radical pacifist and mu-=;1n%?1-"I-r1a?m'?c~._-.' "" ...---o L->4I ' """' ' " ' Tinals0. 1315 Jul?!
nerell lgeace' and the establishment or EH5 status que,y§*___on _ _ ___1re, as an Iiernationel, have no interboltonino an Ibu-@~-----'7-~
is s 1 p.rn.* e .h hi f*
ALBERT EI.NS'I'EIN'S affiliation with this nnarohe-communist
Her Resistors International that smite that it hes "no, interest" in ace _e.lone, but sontenpletes 'révolutie':1_ru'y "uprisings sn§°'Eiass resistance" as well as anarehistic _
individual g-esistanee t_e_G7overngg1t,_ro._ther__t_hen more . conscientious ol¥eef'iT>nt*e gar] is a'¬t6sted"1n the sanee'f6Til Eéminon oi'The1E92rTesisters International,
entitled Iar Resistance, at pages 28-2 9: =
ADDRESS OF PROFRALBERT EINSTEIN T0 THE GOHFERE~I¬E"
'1 address myself to you, the delegates of the War. it H
1 - Resistors International, neeting in Conference at Lyon,
< because you represent the novenent nest eertain to endvar. . . -,-~"""'--"""" "' "*" "" " ""_" W M E ' ._....-l-___f,_ _~
. "All the nations oi the world are talking about Dis-
_a e__ __ s nah gr _9u_ oi the hands_o£ statesmen andAmanent. You must lead then to nore than talk. The Qeegle '
nusttk thi-tt 1; _ "j__.___.._____cg1onais-l--They riust grip? it in their Oiinnhandsfi;" - i
"We have to inco w.;§'&'n¢11m-in tar nore powerful
Great War. This is the achievement or Governments. But........_.. §-ea -.s..-...1..- an-A -Ian- M ---. -.Zl'TliZ. .;..T;_:.'-T.2..A..ILLJUIIE UILW U §UB Iii! L!-I50!-L U IIQL lflil-DU92J|ll92lU D £'92I92-I-JDQYou nust egaengingly and tearlessly extend tisjiidea.
science finanse,industry,re1igien and I-arbour to ert '
you must rzsetrago 1-e=s_.'ss"g,£ |?6 _' l _ Inask every -rzqio i_e'r?IF in':'92Ye'_Q:.is great nui-
ence noots at Geneva in February, that they will refuse
to give any further assistance to war or the preparation
for war; I ask then to tellgheir _Govern.~:;ent_s this
writin , and to rei ¢_>r___t'heir decision by informing no
o "I shall expect to have thousands of responses to this
tions to this hind should be sent to the Treasurer of the
' I.R.I.,11 Abbey Read, H:1£ic1d,H*dd1eso:|: FL1p;la.nd- -_ - sigieds ALBERT EINSTEIN"
ALBERT EIHS'1EIH'S affiliation Iith this anarehp-conmmistthan the nilitarisn which brought the disaster of the -
-1 -"'5.-,-p #7
You must lead the people to take disamenent into their -5. I '
Din handle ounce - _ '*"".2 _
. This is no time tor tenporising. You are either for - '*§"' £2;
*1 .-1 Yand do ly n {they oan be bade 11' .%oé négtatfg-légtoiqpst. ,7
appeal. They should he addressed to no at the Headquarters
; c of the War Resistors Intornr92tionaI,II Abbey Road, Entield,
. Hiddlesex,England- '1o_'enavle this greet effort to be carried
through effectively, I have authorized the establishment oi
the Einstein War Resistors International Fund-.' Contribu-
group 151°-n M The war Resistors International is thus proved
y his own words and actions unfer every possible definition oi~ <-
1
Int or against Far. If. you are tor War, you nust onouurs. ',»_
4_ their give. mm, 9-oer qnsioaei unm_-wet; as sznms
2 sf
{E W 1*; . I I"El_'EE 67 have 110110 BO. ' . . =*'-~»-'- ---- -r ~-1*
what shall constitute affiliation in the Alien Exclusion and -
Deportation Ian, shieh, otter we-nemting certain denitionsor aftiliqtionf doelares:_ - - . - . " -4;are affiliated . - a c .- -
.3 "I want to nalze it very slear that when the sin is 7 ' ' " to '
if
=::s~ =-, *
é
LQ 0 0 sages _ ' _ ' .§ . m -V' ' l-r"I eppcalotor all non and w_o:|en,' whether they be eminent
or hug-_1h1:, to declare before the World-*Disama.~nent Confer-
h
fl
E
I
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5!
$2-n53:1
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51¢;
so ;-F
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he .irn~...- ..r -nosmné -sf, ;*;1=.~eshooasai"e sea-=<_"*. ""* exclusive éefinitieh 01' advising, 037063-65", 92- .1I>_EIo11_-ET_~_;;_____7_'__m'&;_;__"__ "" "j_ or affiliation": 1335.2, 30¢-13'_¥,'Ii1>1O B, -3-C-!_____M__ ;_1.;-P
_ _ _ _ EINSTEIN sown oecm _
"tho revelntienmtr snareho e ¥l°921P iiand thereby affiliated with their nf iliates, ineluding the -Gen-amist In't:ornatf>n§l and various Lnarct groups} asenel activities, in
Ihish he, as on uaineht ann Is always willrevolutionary radicals re than tholjia-B hc1i§__ hcnsollesh.re% their em orizationsjcs -previous ihesnf_ F1: an. roqu re s etc u'¬Ien, even if he were_!192_¢i _ _;affiliation with an! group of inad-i_s"IT51¬ zfons __ "_-r s ;; r ..
r Ihet is the 1,; 1 efinttion oi anarchists in subdivision -
in? ~of the ilion selusion and Dopert ationo Dew! _ _1!ongress_not said. It has loft the definition of 'anarehists" open ._n lo and fair definition of that tern, but positively every reason bprohibited the entry into the United States of any alien rho
is an "anarchist.";- I _ _ f
brun 5 1917 {Boc.3} Oengress also first 4- _ In the Act of Fe ry , ,nanss anarchists an-1 then in the alternative, not conjunctive, r"i_r_ persons who believe in or advocate the overthrow by force and
v olenee of the Govorn:92ent...or who disboliove in gt; are91; ose¢_te prsgnizea 5eggrg:3en_t...er who are nanbers of 2; '. n §Tl1atb92-1 vi . an? organization gntggtaizgng and teaching -'¢TisS'oT'i'cTf"in 91' gppesi ion UQ__!l2E:tl!l1_l'0G:5VQ;jn.':92Qllii» ' Wf' n
'. "Tho dictionaries define "anarchy" as "o. bsoncof erutterdisre rd of government; lawless con1usi0n.nn:! disorder; o~'eppesaion -to the rule of 4 Juprene poser, _et_e,___ _ __ 47 s N
The mdanentnl principle of all organizes |;Ove.!'11.'?1ent---gheesup:-one Court held it to be on incontrovertible principle ---'i hout shich it cannot exist, is Hie poser "to compel _ e
1 its -leIs""b1 mans of phJ'sien1_fnrcQ"._QZOrC1s9dI
obedience e - » - .
through its official agents. See Re Debs,l58 U.S.5 9,682!.
Ihnt the anarchist opposes and attempts to abolish, there- -
" o t " but the thin" which fore, is not merely the none, govern:-1 n , L,is government the authority on poser to compel obedience to10.11 which is the first essential of all organised §evernnent--- _the power to govern. Whether he strikes at the ru e of s
supreme POIIBT by assassination of s single sovereign, or whether
f the over to he merely believes in depriving evegz sovereign evorn he is equally an anarohis ---and equally, if an alien, O . su5]eet_ to exclusion from the United States. __
' " Nothing is noro certain than that some smsrsxs is at the ._
head and front of a ersonal novenent {the Einstein IarA lot only is Albert Einstein affiliated with, or a nenber ei'_ V_____
err-s._¬"__ s reviousli #11101--_ -i,
11-..Q..ll...?_L.:t _ use mummy
decided in the llarcaso, but his per! mi to 22;:
. ~ , in 3
F in to
1 Q ' 10¢ r _ __ ___
n tor his dc-root-sujeejz lhe _1i_1'_1;O_1'pi-'.'._1_92'.I_l7I5'J.1 e_ in _ __-___*____r______,_ s s 55% -;: _e .e_|_s_i law iittsa FF gi _1: o ons ~, 1, . a$1'Fit}!'F7s%3T*"_Fli_%¬7r%':¥:%:r._e;__,6oove,_*Ei.?.'E$Et; r " "ins cad, maarohistio ggdiviiua s stance" to all organized
governments that exist teday,th.c.t, to preserve their existence,require neans of national defense. _. s _ . o r , s
5 . .
Nothing is nere certain in law than the principle that a sane *
person is pI'0s1mOd to intend the neeossary consequences of o
his om actsJ' no _
f The courts have frequently noterithnt the necessary conso-
quenee" of permitting successful "individual resistance" to law
is to promote anarchy and "utter confusion." ,
Thus, threel-quarters of a century ago, the United States
Supreme Court holr. that "g_qv_e_1"_r:i1_e::1:t_ could _exi s_t_ _onl1_in_ hangif the professed doctrines of an inifvirinal, c-ontFar9*to z "
"a law of the organization of society were held superior ototiishe laws of the land and would in Effect permit eve "F6-.esisters International F'TnH_! as sell as affiliated with on *- 1§;~- omznmist group Tho Iar Resistors Int_om=,_1;1°m;1! -__ _ - _~}_Q
';* ..,I ~ *= 1.4
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n_-___ 1?-_-o--V-V Likewise , in t.1;:"ianguage*e!.' the 3n:>re=e"i-'°ui7$"0T'i5i1IiIIF-W H "___
s lvania in the Robert c1=~.:-1; case so: Po.521: i i---.- ¢- ---i-n- . ____ __ *________;________ __,,_,__,__....,_,_...._-r--_-- '~
'Q:::T_ii*f "_=_92_§,-I:-_¢$1_*{;7;i_'ili1';'qp1=;;11= in unn__ Y elogted" 1: individuals ,'hooauie' =-":5"_ _ __f _'_ _ _v of superior edu.catien,o,ge,5r E:onta'1__resorvatien" are to be ' " " " ' "7
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{W ,_____ u ~________pemittod to resist or to nodity the laws oi 6 so - -" :" *" ""'
nnzsrsm and his nffi iatos most soc to overthrow by . '- "individeal resistance, noly the power of govorenent to 1 __ .defend its existence and enforce its laws by force oi arms, , » n =~ - . according-to their own individual beliefs, etc. Erma m 'a nature. cation casei in ditch the principle that ALBERT _ ' '
.~___; __v____Uas at issue as s. "fundamental prinoip~lo"~-oi the United ~--States Constitution-L A . - - * - *3»_ _ s _ . , .o ,-.'z=-~Y-wi*1;i.l.gain,' this Einstein theory of individual opposition to '+
L " 33 92 the nest fundamental principle of all or[;anIzod.1;ovo:-nnent, E11 17- i
:_j-._a.___- was__at issue in jt_ho__ia_st _patu.ralization;oaso .1_!p_ci_dod -hy_~v~ ~.,. ,-5; -the United tum; Supreme Court. p ..;". '" - v 2,»
4- -The Court said: ' '
if the attitude of this elai.-1o.nt...bo held in:1atoris.l-n111,01-;=_pm=9211 one line be amvmg Upon one-. ground or ' ' -In >Hlitinctlon nay we hereafter reject another applicant? T-..'.l'hore is no middle grolmdi I1 one qualirio-mien;-e£the' ¥'_ *1?oath be allowed, the door is open for others, with ' '=- - -utter confusion as the probable final _rosult."_ {United _ 'Etates v.55u{;"Hs Clyde llaeintoshh r " One or the dictionary denitions or anarchy is -utter ti ' " _ M !9 F.disregard of government." - 5'=-* _
" h Z! .-._ What anarchist or c_:on:aunist has shovm noro utter disregard 92£_;_"f- 5;
individuals to enlist with him in 1110,-;a1 1-o=m== neo,'.to-- . :~;,ig.',;.f.1their governments? " 'or government" than hLBER'I_EINS'I'EIN in his appeals to no. v_t4.-l#4'=-
'
eontusion and disorder. 1 ' Hn
Wfhat 'a'narchist'"6r"EEii1nit has promoted "lawless" -confusion and disorder" in as__ngny diforcnt fields as " _'. - ,4ALBERT EINBTEIN! - " V i l _ "
COLDIUNIST PROGRAM FOR "SHA'ITEHIHG' THE STATE * :3Another dictionary definition oi anarcmr is lawless . -
.8 v "4
F
The negation of organized religion, tho abolition oi-the _ "'
Church as well as the State, are tundanontal objectives oi ',
goth ,_anarch_ists _andsc1:r~_.|,u._nigts. See The State and Revolu- ntion, B1 rugoiiiizrnn, OIT'.92p§3',4 and 5!. - -._ Y we
Contrary to popular opixmiorg, H is 4| no -difference ofviewpoint between marsmstw -' _ _ Its on their _ . _»_ 1§"§_"; i§'f-- .c'.'"-:=- Zoe 5 ,-e ta $1: on o 92=no'.sta1:o. Tag! differs .. '-eny c f--e. s - no lw so e . -. that cannon goal. '¬I15id;! "- an We ' "9d-4 _ '
hWhat the I_!on;:sa1ists ohlost to meng the ana.-ohists i-that "they are not revolationagy onojigh, in the opinion -of I l '- '
liar: Engels and onin, to hrganizo arned rebellion to _ - . -_. ._"shatter and destroy present toms oi gover-n:1ont,_ . 4_-festahlz, for a "transition period" a ruthless.Fdi'ctator- IF __ ' _.ship of the proletariat" which, eventually, shall also - 1wither awn. 1." I'bid.#. .
. . mun says: "We do not at all disagree with the '
Anarchists on the question or the abolition of the
State as a _f_inal__:;i.~_r_1;" Ibid.p:3'2!. _
The Anarchist idea oi the abolition or the State it
muddled and 5g_r_:_1_~r_e!c5l3_1tion_.¢;Qj.T.It is precisely the
Rovelution,in its rise and development, with its specific
problems in relation to violence, authority, power andthe State, that the Anarchists do not wish to soo." Ibid-p.65!.
Likewise the official Strategy of the 0e::mznists' declares:
"The Genmmist International has never undervalued the '
strength and the revolutionary will of the anarchists-andsyndiea lists, who are honestly fighting for the ircedon __
__ _ __ =..--__"_'-'
uypvuu-. LU _I"BE1H'|51G ttl IQC! -1591' Que 315501,1- -g-l.s}'?" -57 7 <21 -all illai .tru.[;g'les and especially _ the Russian - ~
_:_;i_.____=~~~-Revolution i;-.s1d.e:t1onstrcte<". that the ~e;e;;-essed workers -c-__-_---~-~
.- @116 peasants can overthrow the nastery oi the Bourgeoisie ~ -- -i -
______ _.. only as a consciously 01"c_=92ni-Iw clv-I8 --~------ ----~~~~~-+~
-l_"I'-Q-5 -?-_..- ---"'Ihe'-Cermunist Party lmvvc -liht 0111711110 "-161?-=92t°!l311P 111' ""-"".*7':"---
1_s_.,_._ .._.. . the proletariat can finally Uh!-»$6B£ 1'-310 P°92'9I' 9-9 -511° - ~ -----
-. ._-__-Y,-_--or-,i-,c.:--s mapitalist social order-'92 5:-ategy of the 6e:'1:ta.u1.ists, ~-7-_._ tr'*- o ' ' official Letter-of the Com-nmist Inter-natienal,Au.§.2l, ~
' . . ' 1923, issued W Communist Iorkers ?arty or U.S.A. . s Y_
_ The destruction and shattering of the bean-geeis" -State --_ Ito be succeeded by the Wiictatorshie '12 the £3,-eletariat" _ i s- .'.l...I.l._.;-;..'Ihich also rill final!-7 Hither away J is to accomplished, --=~_---~_ according to Ila:-:,Engols and Lenin, 1:; first "shattering" . -the bureaucratic an nilitarv n,c.o_1_1ln_g- - _ ; '7 s
. Io nerely to hand ever, tron one set of hands to another,_________
;*"- *' " ' "the 1>ureauc:-atic and '::ilitary_'1achine.,,but to shatter _i.t,__l- y _=.- . and it is this that is the relininary ?:n. on_o any ~ ; l real Been e _s e olut n." ilil Eix as quoted by Lenin!. = v io ,
I T»-[email protected]_ -QJ~..._ -_-_A.A__ _ _ __.l.__._;1.. p____ -I._n II . _. l. a:.n.|uu.92.avu.|.3 uz cur l192lUliJ.n{§ Iii-G!1Ol'l1i IP01! A-_'921L IEPZ,
I Ilicelai Lenin himself writ
3 In these lords, to shatter ens bureaucratic and military
1 machinery or the State, Is to be found, torsely expressed,Q _ the5_pri_ncipel_tea_c_hing-;_p£ llargisn on the subject of ther" lens concerning the State, cing the proletariat in ' 4- a revolution. The State and Rsvelutien,By Lenin,p-BB!. _ 1_ _ v ._¢ _.-r-
_ smsrsiu men-rnouorsa or "SIiATTER_ING" racemes I " ' .
And dho is me aclmewlodged world loader, "she, by direct _- affiliation with onnunist and anorcho-corruunist organisa- s '
. - doing nest to shatter" the "Q1__lita nachine " for the - _defense oi the existence of governments, ilch "shattering,"is the preliminary condition or any people's Revolution",
according: to Harx, and "the j;'1[1Qipn1_ t_ea5hi1-5131 Marxism _- tions and grunge, -and by his own utmost personal error!-.s;is* _
on "the "subJect,"accorf'.inE ¥6'Lenin'! * " * * *
f ' _ - ALBERT zxusrzm is that leader. lietyeven 5-t_g_11g_h1?l_!O1f ,
. is affiliated with so many anarcho-certmunfst izTternatione.I
.; groups to prenoto this preliminary condition oi world
revolution and ultimate anarct-J, as .'%LB"=.P92i E1 H.
Thus whether Albert Einstein's activities "and affiliations
y be judged from the very nature of government, or iron the
- hmdanental principles of our Constitution and the decisions_ of our courts, or 1'ror1th_e_o_t1'ic_ial pr%g;ans and strateg oi - "-the Ov-'1'1gn1stc"¬I§onselves, Ansnrims EDI nuitto regn .ed .as -" '- s ¥h6a'.rEh-p?oncter ct the-shattering oi the State that is the .- sermon duh-r¢hiit_nnd Beurnmist goal. i" -q-w_'.' as cum-=cms&>s5<o£¢",;'¢* Qniy agcoaaa Stalin hi-.sclf ' '75
7' " efforts he loads to Fshattcr" tho"nilita1-y machinery ct
I. 3 - the State». - - -. -. .
9 _»'_, i ALBERT EINSTEIN has promoted "lawless confusion 5 shatter" the Church as well as the State---and to leave,_; 11' possible even the laws or nature and the principles ofup science in contusion and disorder" and subiect to revision -, with every new proclamation ct an "Einstein theory!" s i
_ Albert Einstein is not subject to exclusion from the United
states by reason ct his comic religion" in which he brushes
= aside all organised religion in the name oi "science" and ~declares that "the only deeply religious people of our largely
naterialistic age are the earnest non of research"---likel himself. See Einstein's signer! article,N.Y.Tines,Nov.9,l93O!.
A Ileither is Albert Einstein. subject to exclusion by reason
of his frequently revised theory of relativity which, evenI it true, is or no nere practical 1-".1pOrtf.92-I160 than the answerin thv number sad vc'riety_ei i;;;q_idual_cnd collective ' * £5
- ignorant puhlic '§- he feeling that all sorta -f 1I.cgUp|7¢d"scientific hunnn beliefs were to L, pset. See 1'4 .
""" 'I"'""e- at Ihile Einstein I'01ig1mis-e92n'- "-relativity -theories ..___ i;_q___ " .
=-= "not bu one.-looked that this alien, nore extensively and nore __otently than any other revoluticnist on earth-, prcnotes ~ I-' '-'1?-_l
--.-_;
s
1
I of infi ue_ntia1 _3p_ersonaiit_ies have 1£ne'no1-a1"s'o1n-a;;o"'or
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I.- -- Our sezabstcii is to act---to do'&:r1ething..%r this 1States than they have upon any practical science, it should _______
Eoonrusiea and disorder " doubt and disbelief, and advises, p .advocates or teaches individual "resistance" to all accepted '» authorities "so-t £1.-zsteg; ti-.ether it he a ieeition orjesoo p _I or war, govern-92cnE erreligien, nathsnatiss or anthrolgy. _
in?" influence and activities that tend to pronoto confusionan . disregard of all authorities except Einstein in natters sf __- ."science" and "religion" is roll worth noting in connectionwith his affiliations with Anarchist and 6mm1ist l,_ - ;;~__c6 his admittedly illegal efforts to arouse indiv
essential laws and principles of all organized govern:-nent
EIIISTEIIPS imI'l"l'El3LY lLLEl3!Ll- PUBIQSE-S
In a letter to Heywood Breun an officer of the Iar Resistors
International] ILEERT EINSTEIN WROTE
I consider I-xdmi Behwi-:nor's stand of great value and
deserving the support of all true hunanitarians. World
peace, a crying necessity, is not to be achieved unless -
spiritually progressive forces refuse_to yield to blic "author-i_%Los, controlled by factions, vch shoulHofeate. . These convinced oi this necessity should con __cider it their duty publicly to uphold this conviction;thereby they bring upon themselves a conflict sith_l:;u_b1icauthor-it-. A result can be obtained only 11' a large numbernm Base Against Eins'tein,By"ol.Arthnr Im'1e; Phi1ip sizes!»---~s-_;r
~ have no more bearing upon his adnissibilityto the United -pl? ___'
Thoreforegthe "_relativity' is: this so-ch-anasch's E
I
I
%
p such an attitude. Such an attitu o is revo u oneonly throggh actsi of relleliion can 1:5 Tattered individuale Freak chains which, though founded in lass, have groin into
endan-ableiaondage. la this si1:uation,.ton,_snch,_a_ re_cqurs_c.1 resistance on the part of all peoples against the nest ».
. ~ - s '
I. . . U O _ . - I .
--:»-ma
- is unavoidable. Credit is duo Mada.-:1 Schwirner for having
- realized this a.nd'having acted courageously in accordance
with her convictions." Heywood B:-sun's column, Sc:-ippg-
Howard newspapers, -December 12,1950!. ' _ p
On December 14,1950, Albert Einstein nado an address is;"Hes York on 'lli1itant Pacifism" which appears in The Ierld
¬l'onorros,.Ta.nuary,l93l, "translated by linden Rosika Schwi:ner."
In that address, Albert Einstein saidz.
have two i'l:t:=eeti¢.ns. Qn92'- cf then I nlrearly on 1;;-19¢! ,92
and I-mar. pr:-.etir'.?.. It is aeisal -to engage in war ' "- Ill! '- "'lV' 01.10-.--..-|c..i.......s-TI -'Z.'2"§'.-us.--.. ---- :1 r .. . -1 ._ _saymshf-=i1=' o t § e position in tine"5 I t i ulss - " ox peace even in ceun ries shots: . s comp ry' _nilito.ry service. In other countries, iherelthge iz no- - ..,._-_csuc1_1 service, pacifists should declare epon_y_ at heye '11: W so P2::n§%:";°::,§:*;:': :;::"° vr oever. a-v cru . _. *idealall over the world. zin. or e timid onesgirhe MY»
Mat - ft i, rose ewinnunr .117ans:er1:s??Ii' -gnu: =-g.-;§E'o§§yn2 per cent Of 1'-11° P5?-11°-'. _
* ld to assert in tin!!! of Pence that 1'-11¢! - tien of the sor
will not fight, you will have the solution _of all inter-
> 11 a repertien as 2 per e- national troubles. Even so snn p
cent will accomplish the desired result, for they could
not be put in jail. There are not enough jails tn the _
world to nocsrnodate then. ..
"Tho =u{,'_-fcstion I offer appear- - _
notional legislation should he attuned to the i that
those who declare themselves 0.3:'921l'l817 war should be allowed _
to take up some kind of difficult or even dangerous work
either for their country or for the international benefit
of nnnki.nd...I feel confident that shoover adopts this _ .
program will eventually succeed in establishing intor- __
i 1 1 isl-xtion either by legal er other netheds.I nat ons. op ____ ___ ______ _
3953:: all var resistors to organise and to internatinlll-800
, _... Int-er=Li
14 ,5 7 -7 ' .J ' . _* - 1 ._.»....- . _ __iW '»-~- 7- ----- I1 - '--- V.._ .. o
MM W Q. 7' -' 1"éié*5"%i¢¢T¥sa1p1-cccic:n>11¢=¢1mcer~ew-uciicncc _-___:..e__inc u- it service in case of nook... I e .. co_._,_,____H______ren .or nil at! V p -- .- -_;_ '1_h;:_tever tends to lesson the 'iF1111n[f_nBBB of citizens to . _
bear ax-as In te country's defense detracts from the strength
- i ions and beliefs on". safet of the Governacnt. A_nr. _theird_rip_n __l ' as well as their behavior iniootino n sposftion to fnrlerin the rfornanee of that Hut? are Eimjects of inguiggo number
---Q.
-4.;
'1
92-
; 'A5"" Mi ' " f ' t n-1 s the cimpzc and affiliunder tie»: statutory provisions...for n or a ar
of citizens ose such defense, the go-v! order and -p _1==~1=p1n<=-= 0% the 11511=<=* - §¥=~'~=.= ' .
it siiinat '1.»c1cn1cw~. um-:92Lm'r~arnsrern4s cppcsco to ;,+.1_;~___this very conception of a Just govern-aent as defined by theBuprcne Court; that his influence would ten to detract fronthe strength and safety of the Govcirn*aen't," and that he is'_hinself one urges others, in "militant" opposition to such' * ' " - t-5.8-G13-1'Bl_.I1l11 .I1Ont¬_l1__PI"1I1l_31P1DEefense as the Sup-rone -our __ of our Constitution, and without which, 50111 order in the ' "
United States "cannot long; endure. l -
Frau Schwinner, however wont to no such 1en'-the asAlb t Einstein in urging acts of re'5eIHin" one "conflict" .er . .
with puhlic authorities, although the Revolutionary Radicolim
. 971 declares
wasReport of the lieu York Log-islature,l920,vo1.1,p-zgo ,that the first peace novonent favorable to Gemany, in 1914,
led in the United States by F1-an Schvrinner, "in reality o.
German agent. -,
ALBERT EINSTEIN---who appnrentlz cannot talk En;_'_lish---referrer! to Frau Schwisnor as his saving angel" when shetranslated his speech on "Militant Pacifism. See New York
Tines,Dec.l5,l93O!. - -
But Albert Einstein for cu s p
tions of his saving angel in his om "militant pacifisn_." p
women oemem eH.92Lm1oE or Lmznxemq GREDULITY _
A1i»c?t"t1£§te1='sTna n militant -pacifist! -prggagnnélh an Afrom the I-and of the Geese-stop, Pocket-Battles psRoarnanent, on . in the pay of the German Government his
salary with the University of Berlin is to continue Iiuring
his engagement here! is a challenge to Ancriccn officialorculitys
ti P his war resistance" doctrine in Uh? is he plan n, in toad of operating at hone Englan. nnr. the United. States, s - ,in Berlin, the German capital, where Government and people
alike are olonerin; for roarnonentf ., . _
I117 new tolerate the 'scienc0" conouflago of AlbertEinstein any more than our Gnvernnent tolerated the diplomacy ' tt -to csnouflaée of Von Papen, who boasted. in o. captured lo orhis srlfe of his ski]. in eutwitting these idiotic Yankees ihilc operating a sabotage s1s_t_q_n here I5 I§I5T Seocifew Yer]:1'ines,Sept.22,l9l5,I:5!. _ _ - V
In Senate Docunent 1le.62,66th Oon5rossYo1.2,po.r;e 1494- e. fezmer Anhes'sai'.er__fon tpernstorfs cable c his Governucnl 8 -Q mmu us page "u.s1v1;.1.u1Ig: " "Z ~ '*:' ,""
- .1; .c the Iusitanie case we have strict17~eonIinod our-
- selves to such propaganda as cannnt hurt us if it becomesknown. The solo exception is perhaps the peace p" raga", anda,Lhichtaul Q9? f!'_59_la%&§:.s"tro.f_:92ount hut whic a so s
en c nos success . ------- - 0001748
That cable showed the i:-nportanee of peace p'rOpugt1.'|1t.0."41n
the United States to a foreign Government, in 1916. Is it anyless important today! AI.-BEBE EINSTEIN is the world leader of
the new "militant pacifisn. _
If alien revolutionists, orforoign Governssonts, wereoverpowering us, sorzaethihg night be sail. in favor or thehnissien of American officials to their schcnos or wlhds su- But amen it is only n matter of their _g__92-jmittin us to furt ori chenes ct the expense of our people to the injury fore [;n sof our Govern.-sent, 1'11! should any American and above all,any American official, let nliens succeed! in nakin.'- suckersof Anericans"Has President-elect Roosevelt once ?Iescri-E E Itin another connection!. c -1""; _.
4 _- - I 7 1-cl.-Q "I5?-_Yk_4n -I 1;-92 'lQn--,,,a__R- ,_
_.o___e__ .in'r1r-r<[email protected] aim =1<=o.-e"'v~e.=t@s'f- at .01-i<==92s=>§f;-___l;.. ._-si;;,_.-_ - ¬-___- ;l' _e_-__
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1 - Bo one mentioned rolativ ty...Hilitant opposition to ni1itar- - ~
-_- I'D Ill keynotolvi -~:e_,__"!1t is ray conviction that the.en1y__%a_§ is actual refusal __ ___ _ of nilitary service, he min-!...T'Eha e__i:ro oso i_ ielle§_:_;l,"*""_'""_,. but ihenever-a Geverznent r".e::ands1c11L*na actions fr-521* s lcitizens the? have a very real r gh to 222950 t_ and IO '1 "'l
=Int921x>h'§1<'!th<===!" l l s.
Elise low York Tine! November 22,1931, carried n signedarticle by ALBERT nxuérsm, entitled, The end to Peace -
to the ssne otrest as the Einstein letter to Heywood Broun, . e
tho' E'instein" speech translated by l"ratr*Roci1m '$ch92rirner,'1:::d *"""--'"-"
the Einstein speech at Chicago. - p _ _ _ L I h _ _
In that signed article, Albert Binlteinsays: - ' ~ l
r*f_,____. e_ _ Inc ms Iauld {ester the international outlook and _ "____-___,___
onbat- ____;___-__-__e_ ' ;* mct national sahauvinica mast
»
i...
or -'7
'1
t-0 universalnilitary service. " 1 ' ' - s v -
His entire article is along the lines already sot forth
in the letter and speeches quoted, and in this signed article,
Albert Einstein also advises and recommends a book, entitled
Iar A:-nin Tomorrow, by dwig Bauer another Touten propagandistfor EHO Eisarnaraent of everybody but the Germans and the
Conmmists! which book, quoted in the sane issue oi the lies
York Times, declares: . '
' Peace can only. he attained throu|~g.cEpglsion, and only
thus can the economic crisis be overcome. ore is a cure
- for our nalady. It is: i'o_qgerco;1o_tl_1e__Stla;t;e...'
Ihat noes Albert Einstein nean cg his nilitant toms, .advising, individuals and groups to refuse to ielg tot u1'*11e authorities " to bring upon t'EenseIvcs a conflict --- _ Ir-ith ¬blic authcritzg" that this "attitude is revoiutionax-1," ~. a on wy _l31§1_ acts of rchellionli--wi'1'i'cT1 E0 says areunavoidable ---can the "?ettez?o'i'Tn'Tiv:[d.ual" break "chains"
that are "rounded in lows ? - '
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arse,.H liii&?i?*i2;5§'ii5*:6i£-bi adxising '2 per cerYt"--lathe elossr_3_i;_1o3-_i§_y_rg;___a.gL1o it mate chnnqgs in __[;_evern:aent tgeuffconstitutional methods anr4. p"IYi¬J1caT"erganIzation---to
resist and defy the laws oi their govern.-acute! ~
What does he moan by c.oclari..n;;'be1dly What I re osois illc 1" am that to "counteract" national dnuvim,they nus% combat universal military service?
Is it not obvious that Einstein, in his careful choice of -words,__1;os.ns sh-at he say; in Elnin and unmistakable terns, _-=3--. ,-that are not Hgures o spsoc at all, but the well known ofJqg-Gqg -Qf -Q]|o-.LnarQI-$1-§-accomplish the shattering er the 8tate by rovolutienanr .uprisings" a s the War Resistors International contemplates} vand first of all, the '=,hatter1ng_e£_thB__11§,LitrF 1'19-eh!-210"that liar: and Lenin bothlheld the g!telin_inar[_c_r1njition"ior
a communist revolution? - t _ ,
ram: nosxm SCH9292'I!&HER---EIIISTEIIUS SAVING went"
Frau Rosilca Sehwir1'aer,1fhoso stand Albert Einstein commends
in his letter to Heywood Breun, and who translated his speechon "Militant Pacifism," was the principal in the case of
United States Vtliesika Schwimer 79 U?S.649! in which the
United States Supreme Court held her £I'i§71_i1._ll?_f14O t,o__Ar:e'.;ienn
_g_iti_zenshiQ- _ . é .
In that decision, the Sup:-one Gourt z-u1ed:' __ _
m""I'i:1at it is the duty oi citizens hy force of arms to "H" _defend our Government against all 0110:1105 whenever 'necesity arises is a fundamental principle of the Qdq?1-, , Th 071.0 defense was one of the purposes°° ° § h1§§s pegpio oi:-gained and established the 0Onsti- -£:§1§:§.'f._m1= court, 1,; the Selective Draft law 0=mo=---|ki - thr. P-' Chief Ju tiee White said thnt the we spe-1. n;_ nu!; s it h___f§ nu;I t no of a ust -overnnent and s duty to t g c to2-12n.r$_'I$>:'E:-i'£'-2-i-.--:..- aw "1_L$"'"3-?1#_"~T"" -- _ 1 _
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- -- Y_ .. _. _ _. ._ _- .n ,-A-.!.....-.-....____._.i..____ H Q13 ' York Times significantly described the event in the - - ;_ --7 _ J -_-_t°l1n'1nc 2. _"._ ' . . ._;i W , ;, ' "'. ""'_.'I__" ' -'-_.'!?""'
,1_,mj;;:;;;1i_;__"sms1-Em enemas nun: ' B! vzsn" ' -' . ' . .~- - - -- t - - -- -- -- - n.¥.!'_1no|,aos.1s,1ose!. -
- _ Io sill be tar no:-e "oarieho " it allowed to nako tho
United States his semi-permanent hone anglhis heaquartcrs
tor the ilissonination at his "s1mttorin4; propaganda against
- the Church, the State, and oven against the known lass e£__
_,,,,,, __,1:|atn:re, /,__,________>_' s_"_'_,_>__';.,__..___._,,: .,;,,.;.____.:_,___ _ '_;__._,_ _ _.3; _iT'_'I'7*l-7"-'-.;.L;"
' IDRE REVOLUTIOIMRY AFFILIATIOHS 1HAlI'81£»LII QR IROTZEI
A ALBERT EINSTEDI, as £1-ovimuly shown, is atfiliatet! with nereanarchist and eenmmis EPOI-lps than Joseph 8-talin hinseli'---as
Einstein is affiliated I th the Communist Intornatienai 1!.mi__thp "'1'
e*""_Soiriet "Union through its affiliated subsidiary organisations,
om. in a.-92_.itien, is affiliated with certain anarchist and
eoznunist 5'!01.1ps in the War Rosistorsilaternatienal that arenah slits:-92ssl:92'r Anna I-A Q-I-a"'rv92"7t1q-|s|n:1T 7 7 ' J 792-II '-d-ovvrd-J vyvu vv I-In-Al-4-n 044...-|0v?5s
-Also, IEON TROTZKY, an esipollevi. former loader oi the SovietUnion--5-she is also !'0pOI."l;0g in the press to plan a visit to theUnited State as a teacher ---has at present, so tar as lmesn,go 'r1'.ire%;:u affiliations with the Gonnunist International and tho
o et on Ihi1e.ALEER_'1' EINSTEIN is a no-saber oi several ;Qenmmist oréanisations under lessor nanagonent, notably tho'11:;-1»-92. Cilia:-xittee A§a%§:tuI§r:i£ll.i;: II? against eivil a or a war on. -. q a s"II"":11;:i11-wee. with the"'l|'erkers International ne§§_:§:' ii;- ii; 'C's _ - , .
Therefore it in the taco oi these Iaets and this record, ii... ALBERT EDlSTIN is iven a passport visa, upon shat into re-tien oi the law or gho facts, thereafter, oan IEO}! TROTZZ be 92excluded 1'1-on admission to the Tlitea. States! -
It the nest recent decisions of eurA!'eg'lera1eoourts,' in__t11q____'-"'-'!okinon'an". Kaar eases, noon anything? and it the Anorioan -
principle or equality hetero the ;law neans _anythin;;, the
nest eninent and an"-oreus alien novolutionary a gitater, such_ wxn -mower, can he kept out oi en.
country under the sane law that enabled the Governnont todeport tese esovre, La s..|g~.i£ioant and "anknesa radicals,
"611 !!! Ykinen, and Hiols Kjar---one of ihon had been$ tron the Oonnunist Party, and the other a nenbor of
e ra".e Union Unity League!
In the Yexnrzn case; oesioea vs the United 8tates Circuit
tom of Am» all for thosooond Girouit, which ease the United .States Supreme Court refused to review only a tow seeks ago, '
the Court. said: , - - ._ ."I'e are urged to ameliorate the sugposed harshness of the 'gttllt :7 _t;0a".inf,_into it 1:,-1li|:_ t at C0515-_:_-_e_ss saw tit to_oov_q 9u__...._ - -
-"1: the lords user! in -the statuteiere equivocal or'the
intention of Congress for any reason uncertain there night -
he roan tor such o oenstruotien as that for which the
1'.-!T _1'~}_=_=_"_*: st to he the criterion it would vo said so; It has
_ ' p or to otemine shat aets of on 011011 011811 1i81l11!19-3° -111; right to remain here. What it did do, was to make the
not oi becoming a neabor a deport-able offense without.___ regard to continuation or nonborship and it vii. that _._1_a_ 1nn1:.92w-B9 so v1n1,==__#h9Lvp1s nttsévrt =2 I'v===~[i¥!L; @121!
neanin. is_nns_,1oas than n E, ~.$° ,°1!¢921?1913§ *3 ! 1!:itse1?E"'1Unito. States v.You:?n»P-37- odor"?
The statute to men the Oourtl:-o1'erro<'! is the Alien _
Exclusion and Deportation an 00.1-$'7,'l'itle e,1J-8-code! sthe sane statute, that applies the sane tests, in the sens
gm;-n'i,' for the exclusion as tor the dggortatien of eertain
classes or aliens.
Io ask ust am e al_on1'oroenent'oi' this mandatory lave -1. -- -Io ask .reut_i1o15'__1fLen¥eroenent "irros eo'tive qt omens"--.. Ithe eldest prineipie of lustfeo HT.-».t_ _f:'-'on_tFo oo5_o§__ ~'-_1T____ ___ -Ban-Jurabi an?! Hoses to the codes or Napoleon an": rreasrissd -thn G-nnnI:-l'l_al been insisted unon by I111 SP0?-9 1-""E9~k°r' m . "01131112 nos BOntOn '.8. P¢p8 17110 f g1j_f¢.§,o_._-2'-_ arre f l l I -
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"_'_""'£ 1.-4. _ -s ;_"@u@1a@¢" -1.
_ The statute itsslils Pin ""';'"""":""_ *"""stten a c-. s. 1 -
II.- __._-c-_.n. . - -. - - -5 -enu :92pjJ.l.1¢5'G1D11 OI UBO statute $0 AIEEHT -ll-' --H-*'';:_____ _ _--so plain that an! ,§§$D2jpt_._tfL.1'iIO:3pt -this 3'-e£!11to1'1-t";--1-":cr11i" "" f'"'f ~.-~"*therererfe"155wertu1 an". dangerous---alien from the provisions' of "lair so recently enforcer. in the obscure Yekinen and Kjar
cases,'nust be construed as an arbitrary special raver granted' or persons" or in tear oi "influential personalities
L. {as Einstein calls himself! one this is the worst and nest
ct nullifioatien or int. -
the Unitoei Etates, it wouldno such exemption in the nnnate;-y law,
2 such exemption in its just enforcement." ~
In conclusion, in this crisis, whereicing hunger marches anon;-; the"rank andarriliate. cut-sif!izer!.'Connunist.er;;anica . ". " " different alias titles, to r_.cceivc,it possible, even the elect_ - by the sane Fovice that criminals on 1o to cl th . . p y ova e e police_ r by "frequently changing names" as Lenin once n.v1s0d*! to enlist the " ni te non in revolutionary work, and to escape the6GI::"92i'|{1@'ij"__6f Governnontmffisiois ~bs' ceiling 'CO!3::1i:1i§1F?:r[';E.Y11g g92'___' '' ti-ans saaething else---what shall it profit America to get rir!| or the obscure Yokinen ane Kjar, by orders or Federal courts,- if ALBERT EINSTEIN---an". later Leon TROTZICY---are to be, Mnitte. in their stead to broadcast and teach here, the. "shattering" of aur Government, the desertion and treason to. the Enitod States in tine of war, and individual resistance .- - _ _ _ g___ ,___:_§g__a n___any ':thc.r__!_1e=L111I_1 is no ices jhm an
T the Tau - .:;_ a=_*=.<==_=.2L.¢2.ai=nm'.211. 35.25-. * - "' " "
r It Congress had intended ."eninent" aliens who are members -
oi or affiliated with Anarchist anr! Gonnunint grmips to be
have said so. It undo
and them can be no
Gonmmists are organ-i'i1o" micals, and
tions nnsr dozens of
; 2 mass resistance" to the basic duties or American citizen-ship in tine or peace. _
, - 5. A -Mn, ;####;.-tnI-At the 21! Cong:-ess192oi the Communist International at Ioscoi,; Jul! 19,192O,IIieo1a announced his program for _"tho replasenent oi the old leaders by Communists in _a11 toms -or organizations
e not only political, but also induitrial, "ézqopci-4-;t1voand<>'=Ic1=="Itional, and ,!h;o_re_ necessary, _i'rop192:lent1_._}r*_,,chrua{;i_13[;_'n_anes . "
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mess some emsrnnvs Jmnncnxsrie oocn=:ne:s.W It is signi-ficant that a m_1nper_ei' American newspaper editors," in ce..."':ent=_ing upon Einstoins nilitsnt pacifist? observe-1 its cennonsense moaning as an anarchist doctrine, without ta-ki up,er- apparen Y consulting, the terns of the statute and 11:"-lg0 .decisions of the courts here cited to show anarohistie '5 octiines and affiliation; in arggi,-$1 sense, as contenplato H _-'u n % .'B@§ °""¢*?__?-75H1=¥-" ' "*5 : ~ Ehrsnicle 'c1e:!mentod -that it "se=o=»*°é"* 1*--"'1*°P* 1514-r '""" "
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._ with 1 now or un':0rI._1|:I.ng ¢11_l'Ip0092'- yer-nurtn ma int n l_1qng ltlp, tonrca the ovortpra or olr gonraaont no institutlonl Einstein In an § or tau appeals:-_a tor 50:00 lam l'nx:.utrt1-.j__:.g.,i*04 O¢nno¢t1_mo,p:m Innis;
; - lure h1Iun_08'tm_ mm-I -In -Iota» _-Rita i-h_O~"l|Ol2llti -1; u mini: state
» 1; measuring to lInulfl1.lQ;Intr__tI_ntIg"l qcrmsea blltjotllxgv la aunt,to nan no strxruu xi»: -patina; an nu part "at lavltt maria which bu
the larger: ',|tancmi::nq tho; n 88:01: lraialng o_wa_1:a 01:11:11-Qlll IOIQ H I111 . 1I'Yl-I-WI. I I Q LSCIOOIQOI III I COI£=l92I1:-oracr. Jo cosine! hpaiute to intcrrarc in our :_1';a1rr hero an notablyin tn: our or thy Oct?-inborn nqron-~wh:nnA the .0oc_mfn._1|ta chose to tanan orcinnry can pt 1 1 Violation iv" than -hag:-1.-n.-1, ,II.i92Itl-iiillpl {qr uni.
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VENTURA. CALIFORNIA
. ; am-11 sun use
Edgar Hoover, Director
criminal Identitieation Personal _ .
_*__L_ _ __p__ Department ef fetiee ___p '___ _j __j_92 Iashington, D. 6. _ Q-
- Dear 8ir:' -
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T , 2 . _ _ ,.:_.as,_.. ,, ____,__.Be:-_Dr..Iinetein. T, ______.;____a__ _____" _;
_A Lt a recent speech in this County Dr. Bins"
. _ wae referred to as being a eommuniet and to be turtl" communist activities in this country. "
n_____§ _.n L.l_ _.I_.s_.___ .s_ 4e_.|_ n_.__;.__ 92___' DQYGIU-L OI I118 l.G.IIL11IB 111 D18 UOIIJJIIFY .IlIT d approached ne and asked me to eatablieh it possible
_ definitely whether or not there ie any basis tor the
statements. These particular people are very good
-'*' Americans and do not eare to allow their children te
idolize him 11' he is of this character.
. Thanking you tor your prompt attention oif t
matter, I am,
I Very truly yours, 1
_ e W Y5 g__ ' LHD:R 9 i
- Q45 1 REGORDED1" _ - - D: .5I= U? .H'VEST:'BRTIU:'l57 It " .- /92 !se .<._,= _ -9 . APB2: -_ R MY ? ' 1:. s. L " ;..e at JU5TlG£
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I ll In rocoipt of your 10%?-It dlt-ad lp I4, = _. __ _--.-'._._-_é.-__
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r. - paniblo that the In Iqrk C157 Police Department any int 1- part tr -this Blv111ou,1adéth f11¢l oftherifcrc, eonhlu no hfolmtin n1n.1n 1» an ' 1 "- * *-
gctivitiu of Dr. Einstein in the United. Subs in
ennoctlon with the Gouuuiat hrtg. -
" 7 x regret me 1 I! unable u :1 -.1-n gun an *~*'~-.r.53""
_t-to taro:-nation dutro. hunch ll O0:-smut oatI.I'l.ttnl_ @_§ =;;;;:;¢'.'.~_;
are hundlod by 10:01 Inn onfarenneat ngoaniu, it 1! , " ' " "-
can cameo:-sin; the abject pith: about mu 92__rw 1lutrI- ':_ i :-_ -_ T ' -
' ' H Sincerely ,@'l¢ .. . l 3 *-
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1- ~ =- $1 -.-$ $152?" ~
Lint. Oolmel J. Edgar Eoovcr,
Director, Federal Bureau ct Investigation,
United State: Department of Justice,
Washington, D. O. D
F ' Dear Colonal Hoovcrl_
92.
.92 Referring to qr latter of July 26, 191.0, regarding _ !_
.. H: the cnminltion or your tiles in ordar to check the nun " -
1. of 1-..=-um scientists rho are under consideration an manner: l V *'.92.
in utters pertaining to the hr Department. D 1 _, _ T;
It would appear that 192:>u:r records contain information - f
on the activities and lentincnts of the follciing which III bc :
~ or interest to this Department. ' _ .Q. ,. -92'_- O" 92 Dr. llbert mmm, ..__-
Princetun Univcrlity, _ '
' - - - - Priqccton, let Jersey '
Q _ _.
, _ ' exander Sachl,
92 1 South 11.11.11: Strut_ ; Icrlorkcity -- - . ' i
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individual; mien you mm to have nu-chad against the tiled
0! Q-Ml B1-92I'.I0 . i - é
II1rm roforoaol 1.» nr. mm. zmmu, rruwnén mi-rum,
. Princeton, in Jersey, than 1| being Snnnitt-ed herewith for ya:
intonation 1 phat-out-ntic cap; or 0 mnonndun pnpu-,4 iv tag
Ion.-1 Patriot Cdrporntion, 710 hokaan Plug, I. I., Iuh1.ngt.q,_ 0.12:, I01-ttng forth infatuation ccruccmlzag thin lmlhidual, TbN blag; of tho lnforntiaa oontlinod 1n this none:-andzn 1: not
Intonation bu than rocolved that n "R0114 Congnln
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" " IR. Roach has learned from the Department of State that recent];
the American lmbassador at lbseow sent e report to the Department of State
regarding an invitation extended to Professor Einstein to imigrste to thesqviet Union. This invitation, sltgzgh official in nature, was, in tact,<1 J-
i'he United States Ambassador in lbacow stated that he was unable to check the
veracity ct the story but felt that it was highly significant in iiew of the 1'
that the reply given to Stalin showed the feelings amongst the Jess toward theSovietUnion§p/ £._ - . _ - .;_ .ea-tended to Einstein kw a Professor pites. Professor Kapitseis invite on .in the form or s letter to which Einstein replied tn e personal letter S
' Professor Kepitsa, under the direction oi the Soviet Government, wrote e.
Soviet Union. Kapitsa stated "in a land or true democracy, tree from seliieh T
-_ taint," where they could pursue their scientific reearch unhmpered by restricticml
' imposed hy capitalist society. Einstein was assured that whatever tends, labo
__ __ riea, buildings, equipment, books and assistants he might need would be immediate " and completely placed at his smsw J s-0
' uE Einsteinls letter to Stalin was ellegedly sent to Stalin through two '~__ _ . danish members oi s trade union delegation. These tee representatives were g
,_L_'eceived by Molotov. In his letter Einstein expressed appreciation of the off ' _gut stated that before he could consider it he must ask several questions. me
questions in substance tare: Ilv are Jesish scientists not permitted to hold
' prominent posts? IE7 are apparently unnecessary obstacles placed in the any of
Jewish scientific and research workers? Ihy were certain Jenish professors oi
medical science whose outstanding contribution to medicine not elected to therecently created lledical lce.denw192K§ N ea
liolotov allegedly denied the truth of Binstednls nngmm but Agextended an invitation to Einstein to come to the USSR. It is stated that upon E53
' receipt of the complaints oi Einstein, Molotov directed the Ilinietry oi Internal, . .
ii
.e It is stated that es a result oi these investigations certain high Sovietoi£id.els Iere discharged for anti tism. The professors d by __ _» c - 7were then elected the lc@w. EEOOBDED . -n-' 75/ Z Z /._ .l In discussing this matter with State Deparent r=_r_1i_Eaa1=,31u-. D ilearned that the Department attaches considerable siE:I..qap<£Ato1thie'matter in . M
" view of the tact that it indicated to them that the ssians are at btainOoscientiste such as Einstein iron the United Stet-ea and other countries w " cI '3'BUI3'i 2f 196° ° ° ° "-196 . ' * - w o - e it '
- _ the above information is submitted believing it will he of st to *1 5,5?the Intefnll Security Soctio 5- ~ /'1. - 1 ~we h92 letter to Professor Einstein inviting him to come and work with Kepitsa in the_ .. _ =
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Albert Einstein and. ixeedenici fehitsc. '1"-"' A ' - _ _ - '__" '. '-. ;_"_"' .¢
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alleged invitr.-tion from Professor Ifeuitse to Pre- ..
-eescr Einstein to i:.'mig,ratc to the Soviet Union and "
ofesser Einstein's reply vhich, Lev-ever, was acid '
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};__.,_92- 1 _'-_-'-The Lbnbessy has ae.:n'unnb1e to determine whether
er not this report is true. If it her any basis in J
A on tn the Department for checl-zinc in the United Stctee._ _*."'__1_ *1 - ffhether true er not, -this rarer is e significant 11]-92¢lS9A_-.'_l",§f_'f-:'§3f:.92'§;;"l %3:__'trution cf the feeling enen:-st Jews in the Soviet ?.Inion;f_+.;-f;§?;;"' '=_~=that they ere discriminated n-1-_ainet._i ; 1-"1'$:3- . -"V _ .
-- '* *?!".'-?- -7 -2--' -=_ J - . -; ~.-is s s . .;;_%_.c.=-92.- V ' i The runor in question runsves-folllensz I Under "79";
_ direction of the Soviet Government Academician Itnpitsa
'*g1§--Lsk._.T_é-__:;__' _ instein inviting ginstein to cone and work with Kepitsaf
vseses
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Lb-9 ambassador has the honor to report e runorc __;-1.?
circuletinp nzzenr J'ev:ish circles in Ifoscew regarding """*.- .e --§:§'+._-;=%+? ;_ 4!~_ _ '__ RH
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i -92.. ,1;= to have been addressed to Stalin. _ ' - 7 -Z-1?-:?*'1~Y°*3?
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in n lend of true democracy, free from selfish teint, REQQBJJ
.~ _ c- fie ..research unhemperod by restrictions innosed by ccapitnl-_',$.-; Z-F iist society. Einstein we essured that chatever 1undl,'laboratories, buildings equipment, books, and assists-ntg';"*~¢.;Tr;§e;;;?;§,£¢~;;he night need would be in-zediateiy and completely 921~1ece_d¢.»_:j~=,1:~?vf;,,-_@;_,§'=;:l;f=*ir-='=,;e .:.£?.*°.t.§.:.*.%-. .;~.,.en=:@1i-.. may 5 J7fj-_- .e Einstein reeiied in $!e§?e'.": Uiretzqiitmo J'e92':ish :-£;=,¬;?}?Z$i$"i35$? urote e letter date not specified] to Professor s
~- members of e tree. u..1ion$aI¢"_p..}1eg45 _.instein's 1ae1;==;;;j*.-,_;fg.~.% L. _ =r ":_ ~_',-I'%-;_'i1_.¢ -" d '._¥;g_-,;;__ received by fie ""111 bisietter Pinstein exureseed ='f' 1'. _ _ '9 VI1"--e -- - '5." . -, .1- . - . -9 _;__,_..__ ..-*1-'- 1. fa-. 12". E, r, . --_.--_ -- ¢§-.7--'.--'1-J.-'-'.>-,-,-5.,-;|-V." ->-:- .--.~-= f-1:~ -.'--- ~». "'v'--- -. ' '_,. _ 7
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1 "Ll -1 ~ J1ecprecintion of the offer but before he "could consiilez-33.1 -' -;i__f 'it he .=mst_esk several questiens._-- His questions were:';E:,i§f';;§?§;1i;.;-f;;=;Rh; are Jewish scientists not gaez-mitten! to be1d_rroninent~§-{=*; I
pests? ere e3~_nerent1y unnecessary abet-.¥e1_es_'v1eeed ;"~gI:~.E- _?»;;1_T; _ -in the may of J'e92.'ish scientific and research _t.'erkern?» *_iF-1:7---.!"~1 -1
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92,"'. _,_ .;__.-I-.___ --__ .*' ' - . *= 1'J¥~r"-;¢:1'§?",known not eleete to the recently created Redica1'f§>?§f§E*&Academy? Ha usked_0ther questions implying anti§,.l_ ,*1*§§L5e:itism. - . -»I 2 1; "~¥j;wj;§';?@921m'f- . . .- . Y ,=H-~-"§; i10 1 ,, or %I . 1"-"J éé--.a brother of the fanoue Jewish actor, who uedt"¬6'¬F3"9§?$§iéUnited States during the xur and who has been proninant'YI? "in the Jewish Anti-Fascist League. ; 1 V , §*Y?5- 1
Holotov denied the truth of the implications. The "= 'invitation to Jinstein was repeated.. e Aé *-'__ ' ' _
The Ilnistry for Internal Affairs iznediately =investigzted the particular cases mentioned by Einstein. .Certain high Soviet officials were discharged for anti' u.Senitism. The irorensors named by Sinstein were elected-A*to the Academy. - ' - - _ 7
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Q M ' j"'I!en.John lar Hoover. '- ' "e ""- , "» g- ~.- - Direotor,I' ern_1Bou!u Of Investigation _- -- - __,e;;_i¢,;};;_Q =' - -i Ialhington n.o. " _ __ M ' V 2
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that time I had Returned to my own home torn Galveston texamnnd I7? J.
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51{.. 92 /1 .
_ EMI§_R§_El§I§__Y COMMITTEE of ATOMIC SCIENTISTS
Room 28, 90 NASSAU Srnsar
Fnlncnrou, iisw IssssvJanuary 10, 1948
LLBIRT IHISTKII
Cidrna
ILBOLD C. Jig!
Vin-Cbdrwa
HANS 1. BETH]
HLRBISOX IBOWH
T. 50611188IL
P""'n1-I-l-r"" i. H6355
LINUS PAULING
IREDIRICI II-I'll
LID IZILABD
Y. I. WEIBGKOPI'.LI,'..;,,,,,,,_l_____."_Tl0.. .i 0 _ __ __._- _-._ iii 0 0,- _,_- _
Dear Friend:
I write to you out of a feeling of grave concern, which I
believe you share. I em convinced that if the present bitterness con-
tinues to dominate international relations we face catastrophe.
Ie can not count on the prestige or strength of any single
nation tobring about international stability. The power that one
country possesses today, tomorrow will belong also to others. Industrial
installations. however complex, can be duplicated; inventive ingenuity
and economic resources can be exploited under other systems of government.
So lorg as international relations are determined by rival national sove-
reignties, the threat of atom" Isr will remain.
? ,
"' ""** Is scientists beli.-~.:'onat 1' clear and widespread understanding
of the roots and implications of the atomic discoveries is indispensable
to e. reasonable public stand on questions of international politics.
Given this understanding, men and women will recognize that only inter-
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K ._ TO __ _ : Q15 mrgggr __ _ _ u__W__V__ H _ i *___ A'_7im7______ VJ mDATBl-P711 25;
new -= n. u. uaa-pkZzln - __.' SUBJECT: PROFESSOR ALERT SIEIN _-_-
" IIITERNLL SEGUBITI - R : -
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you might be interested in the £0
L 17 1 m~~m7 I t e have informed her niith Ira. llber inate ,-*_*- - that all o£'&u~ preoeat !¢.;§i!_IQ§ sro Qluenoed by the fact tthat tnstein, Jr., 1; nu; in the Soviet tn=1on."""*"*"' ""-'"
1- Einstein Q.-imo »-=.l»= ta "scared to death" over the tact that her son in in Russia
and may be held no axoatage to force IOIB particular action non the portuf Professor Ei.nato1n.»~_! 1 Z o ,: _ _ 7 3 _ _ _
It is not known at this time whether Albert Einstein,
A Jr., is in tact in the Soviet Union.
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