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FEDERAL: BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
JOSEPH McCARTHY
PART 20
BUFILE NUMBER: 121-23OF 28
273 ENCLOSURES!
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Fliniwd 5 -M PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES or THE 81 tcoilness, sect,'0] America I
._ _ " , KW, 5; ; , In , ;' '_ _,__._.. " ; ';i..
Vol. 96 W'ASHiNG'I'0N, MONDAY, FEBRUARY 20, 1950
House of RePi"¬.S2I£;!i!ive' F; t :11 3": .
The House met at 12 o'clock noon.
The Chaplain. Rev. Bernard Brae-
kamp. D. D., oiiered the iollowlnz
prayer:
Almighty and eternal God, we beseech
* that LII this Brotherhood Week our
"0-ayer may be radiant with
"92 and helpful tliinits
' "ether for
"ity oi
'y we
_ra overtures
-e adventure oi
.adCI' which la truly
.. ...... as brothers of the Bon of
Man. our minds and hearts m...v be im-
perviow: to those attitudes and feelinas
which are alien to the Iplrlt oi our
blessed Lord.
Hear us in His name. Amen.
TH! JOURNAL
The Journal oi the proceedings of
Tharsrlay. February 16, 1950, ins read
4 ..; Li.p!Clii:d.
HIE-SAGE PROM TE! BIEATI
A me-ssaze from the Senate. by Ir.
ik-Dunn l, its enrolling clerk, announced
that the Senate had adonted the follow-
ing re1~o!utic.n IS. Res. 229::
lee: .'L'rd That the Benate has heard with
pg-|92foun'.i er-new the annourmerneni 0! the
H oi Hr Ii. Ictr.-run hrs Bun. late a
e?.ti'.t!92e iron; the State oi Virginia.
Red. That a committee of TIC Sena-
.ppmrteci by the Vice Prmldent to
rmm ':92-¢- appointed on the part of
rf Rr;'.'P92u|tati92ea to attend the
.11; o -'1.-.ne-d Representative.
.l, 3"". ~ the Bee-rein.r1 cem1munl-
.- nu-'u'.ion| to the Houae or Repre-
.=t and tran-troll a copy iberef to the
J the dc-r -e l.
oec, That Le a further mark cl rupee-1
rnerm ry of the deceased the enate
.0 u.ke a recess until 12 o'clock lneftllian
aI'ltU.
92e message aim announced that pur
'* the above rt-solution the Presid-
' k A ' had appointed Mr. Bran and
I members oi the commit-
the Senate.
QC!
-r, I ask
alieazuethe gentleman Irma Iisstsqpl |-M,-_
Aaancnnwl may have an indeim kn"
01 absence on account of lllnes: y
The II there Uh]-ugn Q
the request oi the eentlema. mm
Mississippi?
There was no objection.
yutmaerou TO aonnass ma nu
llr. PATHAN. Ilr. Boeakei-,1 at
unanimous ccnsent to address thvgouu
for i minute and to extend my luau
by lrsertinl an article.
The la there ob.l .um go
the request oi the |e':.lemal_ mm
Texas?
There was no objection.
l'Mr. PATILAN addrmstd tl':= House.
His remarks appear in the .".n;e-ndix oi
today: RICOIIL]
THE It-lsnna OI Iiisnmonoiro
PABIWIL annnizis
The SPEAKER. Pursuant to the ape~
eial order airreed to on l"ebt i.i=u'y 16. the
Chair designates the gentleman from
Ohio lMr. Ht'SvrIIrra'!l to read Wash-
ington's Farewell Address immediately
after the reading of the Journal on
Wednesday, February 22, 1060.
EXTENSION O! RDIARKB
Ir. HERLONG asked and was aiven
permission to extend his remarks tn the
Appendix of the Bacon.
PK-'llI88IGl'l' !jDDR§-S'I'EIIIlI
Mr HERIDNG. Ir. Speaker, I ask
unanimous consent to address the House
iorimlnuteandtoreriaeandextend
my remarks.
The SPEAKER. ls there objection to
the request oi the lentleman from
Pinrida?
There was no oblection.
IIIOH DA! '
HJ'.HERI.|ONG. lr.Bpeaker,inoon-
neetion with their camp-aim in behali
oi good Iovernrnent at less cost, the
Florida Retailers Association has mg-
aeated a new and Jubilant national holi-
day to celebrate tax freedom. The date3 the holiday this year would be April
Hie ldea in that from Janu-
to April 28 this year, the aver. r
eon works tor the Government. Behe liberated on Anril 23 _
Ir-rk 1-» lmnsel: ...-.e t.i= "
nmai".." ofth roe: _-_
1 CODA r M UHF ¬|l'I<..i _
eamnllntoml tr treat
workinnan the tact t:~..1'. '- 92
oi even Miler mes Io '-
eents oi that amount It
wvgy or hidden invi-
pengnll Q18 '°Tnn8m3_n_°wmon bggguse you I110 A l
spend. and eonsequemlyvirtually ever? 60111 he '5
to live. 4
Yes: 1118 °°i'~ "1
1-Mn, Our best comm
la: Thank God V9 I-1"
the love:-nrnent If 11'
the other hand. it If
government we COL 92
Tax Liberation Day 1!
, mr'r'a:1:'Fi l. °"
Ir. IIIJOTI aske.
permtqsion to extend r_. H
Remain two in.sta.r¢_-,- =,..._
traneous rzetter. '¢~
Mr. Iwaiow asks ,,~
PeiT'1-hlior tr exitr~.d_-92}'~
R.lt"..~ll' are I7: ':..- ;
ered last Fur v
Hr. BOLI.;.'92' - :
permission to ext-
Rlcoan and incl
Day aueech by
United States.
llr. DAVIS 0'
elven nermisslr
in the Bacon .
elude extraneor
llr. PMSMA
oermission to ext
Raoolm.
llr. P=.'r'1E:.
mission to ea
inoon.
Ir. CROOI
mission to e:
Rsoou and in
C. Price, he-
ment. N
to wort '
im2£% '
/' -~
I
Drttottuottrs 1 - -
c-....... -..I.-._...J -,....,.Jctnlu: IUUillC92-J 34!
House passed six miscellaneous bills.I
- ti tt
Monday, February 20, 1950
r Daily Digest
v4~s.'t
_.:.3."... -._-._t_-.:.. .DlIIc'923 rTUlJlul|U[_I-
Bills on public library demonstration service and Virgin Islands vocational
education cleared for House action by Rules Committee.
- Senate
Cbrzrrzber Acfrbiz
Routine Procrealirrgi, pages" 1995-2011
Bills Introduced: Thirty-one llllis and one resolution
were introduced, as follows: S. 31158 to S. 3o?.~>:'; and
5- Cort RH ';'-t- Page-92 nu, um
Bills Reported; Reports were matlc :1: follots s: S. 2553.
to authorize tit: ;tcccpt.1nce of foreign decorations for
participation in the Berlin air lilt. with amendments
RCIII. I277!. 7. 199;
Small Business: By voice we-1:, Senate adopted with
ameridment S. Res. 5 1:» crc.1t~ a SI._t.l.'Lllj!g Senate Coni-
lill.lt_'C on Small I'iLlst|'~:>>. ha.ing pre92iou.=l§' taken the
it-liovving zicti--P on Ltl .ttTT"t'lI'1tC[t'.?~ octcd as substitutes
tlterclot: -
Rt-frctol; B, 3; .i.'.ts tn 49 nay". Holland amendment
{as a SUl.'isI'.tt:'c lot Murray anietzdttient! presiding for
atipozntmczr of ve Semtors to he ex ofcio members
oi Sen."-tc Corotttit'cc U1. Barrkittg and Currency to
ltardlc matters relating to small business; and by 31
teas to 51 ' .t§;s. Murray 3l"IlCl]tlI]t !'Zl. as substitute for
Vll1erry 3l'1lC1ltlI.tJl, in the nature of a substitute! cre-
ating for 3 '_:c;ir= a E-pect;tl Senate Committee on Small
Busittcss.
Atlop'~tcl: I-3' 55 y:.t-- to 27 nay. Wherry amcndmetit
in the nature or a st.-bstitute! treating a Select Senate
Committee on Small BU»lI1CSS|'Ul1].!iiiClI]92'C<flg.![lOI"lS of
:-Il'.;Ill4l!Ll<!.L'»S pt' ii92lt't3l5. pun 1011-3014
Cotton Marketing: SCiJ.'7lC dtli;-ml motion of Senator
Lutus lu talte up H. I. Res. 3p . rcuising cotton market-
int; quota i.tw. St.'ll.'L'C stayed in late session after rc-
_it'cti;it' in earl! evcttitgg by to ycas to 18 nag.-4, Lucas
.lll"lll92ZZ to .1cl]u.:ft1. hi" ga35_3o4-1
Prugrani for Tueisifaiyz Senztt-2 recessed at 11:42 p. m.
until rt :1 Tucstlay, February 21, when it will dis
true of S 1'1 central Arizona project. it lmtiitg been
prc-.1-titlt ugr-.'-.-tl to tote tltcrt'o:: at 4 {M rn.
Y _ _Committee M eetiu gs
Committee: nor listed did not rm-rt!
APPROPRIATIONSFORES'1' SERVICE
Committee on Approprrat.F0rr.r; Further testimony in
justification of 1951 budget estimates for the Forest
Service was received by the Subcommittee on Agricul-
turc Appropriations from Lyle F. Vt-'atts, Chief, and As-
sistant Chiefs Earl W. Lovctidge and C. M. Granger,
together with their respective assistants, all of the Forest
Servicet in connection with the subcomn1ittce's hearing!
on its portion of the ornnibu< appropriation bill. Hear-
ings continue Thursday.
APPROPRIATIONS--DEPARTMEN T OF STATE
Corumrrtre on App-ropri'arians.' Testimony in justifica-
tinn of 1951 budget estimates for the Department of
State was received from various oflicials of the State Dc-
partmcm before the Subcommittee on State, Justice, and
Commerce Appropriations in connection with study of
its portion oi the omnibus appropriation bill. lolm E.
Peurifoy, Deputy Under Secretary of State for Admin-
istration, appeared on funds for the Department gen-
erally ; Frederick Larl-tin, Division of Foreign Buildings
Operations, testied on funds for American buildings
in foreign countries; William Hall and Edward Vlbcr,
both of the State Department, discussed appropriations
for Foreign Service retirement and disability fund; and
Ioln. I!. Hicltcrson, Assistant Secretary of State for
United Nations Aairs, talked on contributions to inter-
national organizations. Hearings continue tomorrow.
On Saturday, February 18, the subcommittee con-
clutlt-tl hearings on appropriations for the Iudiciary.
APPROPRlATlONS-I.O92VER MISSISSIPPI. WTST
VIRGINIA, AND VIRGINIA
Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Army
Civil-Functions Appropriations I'CCCl92C .l further testi-
Ihnnv rm I-mtlug-t perimut:-q fnr rrtzu fnr Armv rivil funr,...o ,.... ...s..,. .|........_...... .... _.,,. ..,._......_, ......
tinns in connection with hearings on IIS portion of the
Omnibus appropriatioti bill.
D1-"i7
. r
Z
Di-:8 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-DAILY DIGEST FEBRUARY 20
Tize ftillowing testified on proposed funds for the
ltiwct Mississippi: Representatives 92Vhit:iiigtri:i. Broolts,
.l92i<rri~-vi. and Lnrcatle; Senators Long anti Ellcntlcr;
]. E. B irl;e; l"c*,'tcn Berhling. P. B. Oliv er, Ir, Frank
Pt-l_-,'L'u!t, Charles S. Tindall, ]r., and ]. Lest,-r Vvhitg,
all of the .'92tt~.<i.~ap;.i 92.ilic;. Flood Control Assocjation;
'~: incl 9292'hitc, lrector ul Public Works, Louisiana;
- R. Mattlrtas, Rt.-il River Vzzllev Assriciaiktti, Shreve-
rt.i,.i.1 I. Williams; A. F.1llirtger:i-i. C. Leon-
" lutl,,;-: C. F.ilt- Ozt; an-l Mayor Curt Siegclin,
-;_;.tl.it.i. La. '
Tl!: ft-.!lt*»92'.-iii; discu<=.:d the V92'hct-ling. VJ. Va, ood
wall apprupriatirm: S-_-natnrs l~Lilgore and Neely; Rep-
res-.-iitatise R.ini.~;tv; and Earl I. Runner.
Picpoi-ctl funds for tlic Elizabetli Riser project was
tltscusctl hv the following: Senator Robertson; S. P.
McConnell. Colonial Oil Co.. Noitnllsi and Ralph B.
1!OU;_;l.lS. Smitli~l!o'.tglas Oil Co.
The J-_-ihright Dam project funds were favored by
the folitwvingz Senator Robertson; Rcpresentatisc Bur-
ton; B. C. .92l;. Tl2~92-, Covington, 92"a., In.-rnbcr of Com-
merce: .n l Fred W. Mcll.-;r., Lyricltburg. Va. Hear-
ings etiniinizc 9292'etln-:sd.i-.'.
SOCiA' Sl' lT.lTY
Con:m;'rr.-i or; Fl;..'I£'t.' Continuing hearingzs on H. R.
E;-Jo. to txtv-mi anti it-".r we the Federal old-age ani
SL!T'92'i92r:;'s iDFt2I'.!T.ce =tsrrni. and to amend the public-
as=:~t:i-"ice and Cllil"l9292'ti _ prm':sin:is of the Social
$rC'tti:f. Act, the . . ,..i'..'e recciv rd tcstinionv from
1 it 1 9292it:.':.~.~'.92 as irilloit-s: Charles I1. Sands, l-Ir-it-I and
R ~l.1Ll..ri.l }.:i.pl<-vets and Bartenders International
Union, C1r;ii.n.iti, fH92O.' .' l prmisions of H. R. 6000
uhnh vi-iultl subject tips and gratuities to OASI taxes,
and Daniel O'Brien, American Hotel Association,
ojiposeti such provisiom. Dr. W. R. Alexander. South-
ern Baptist Reliz. an-l Annuity, Board, Dallas, opposed
provisions of H. R. 6000 which would extend O.'92Sl
coverage to employees of nonprot institutions.
The following witnesses opposed provisions of H. R.
600-u which would cover employees of Stale and local
governments who are already under State or local retire-
ment systems. George ]. Richardson, Iohn P. Redmond,
lames McGuire, Glenn Thom, and Iohn I. Crane, all
of the intcrn.1tion.ilFire Fighters Association: ant. Rob-
ert Lultens, of Ohio. Representative Van Zandt led a
statement. Committee meets again Thursday.
LTN, WORLD GOVERNMENT, AND ATLANTIC
UNION '
Committee qr; Foreign ReIrrrrorrr.' Further testimony on
various resolutions proposing World Federation, At-
lantic Union. an-.l strengthening of the United Nations- | I I I '.. _ l'_I1_ .__ "I"_...'was rcceiveti by the stmcommittce, IS Iouowst resti-
r - --»-v-|» -mony in support of Atlantic Union was received from
Gafrison Norton, former Assistant Secretary of State.
Testimony opposing World Federation and World
Government was received from Mrs. William D.
Leotch, representing National Society of New England
Women; Omar B. Kctchum, VFW; Iohn B. Trevor,
president, American Coalition; Edward jerotnc, repre-
senting the National Economic Council; and Frederic
Giibcrt Bauer, representing the Society of the J-'ar of
1812; testimony supporting World Government was
received from Michael Straight, AVC; Benjamin C.
Marsh, the Peoples Lobby; Marvin L. Goldberger,
AMVETS: and Samuel R. Levering, representing the
Friends Committee. Subcommittee adjourned subject
to call of the Chair.
ALASKACOLUMBiA RIVER BASIN
Commitrcc on Interior and Isre/at A.air:.' In execu-
tive session, a subcommittee consisting of Senators
O'Malioney, Murray, and ltireltan was appointed to
draft amendments, the gcneralcontcrits of which have
already been approved by the Committee, to be oerecl
to H. R. 940, to authorize S2o.365,4oo for the construc-
tion of the Eltlutna hydro-.ie-ctric project in Alaska-
Comtnittrc held further hearings on the Columbia
River Basis". proicct in connection with its study of H. R.
547;, the omnibus rivers and harbors and ood-control
bill. rece-is int: further testimony from representatives of
the l! -tfrlnl Department. Hearings continue tomorrow.
MERCHANT MARINE
C ommime on Interstate and Foreign Commerce: The
following WiU1C592c5 appeared before the subcommittee
to testify in support of the enactment of S. 2786, to pro-
mote further the development and maintenance of the
American merchant marine: Hubert Brown, Pacic
Far East Line, inc.; G. Harry Ponder, Baltimore Asso-
ciation of Commerce; I. M. Willis, Bethlehem Steel Co.,
Baltimore; George H. French, Maryland Dry Dock C0.,
Baltimore; and ]. ]. Brune, Mayor's Harbor Advisory
Board, Baltimore. Hearings continue tomorrow.
DISTRICT JUDGES, AND SUBVERSIVE ACTIVITIES
Commitree on the Iudicrer;-.' In executive session, coin-
miticc voted to report favorablv the nominations of
I-rank A. Hooper to be U. S. district iudgc for the north:
ern district of Georgia, and George W. Whitchurst to
be U. S. district iudgc for the northern and southern
districts of Florida.
Committee discussed, but took no action on, S. 231i,
to protect the U. S. against certain tin-American and
subversive activities.
lt received a report from its subcommittee on S. Res.
202, to imcstigate interstate gambling and rachett-eri'-g
i¬ii'92liiiI~'.
.
l 1'
0
ca
Q
The Senate met at 12 o'clock meridian,
on the expiration of the recess.
The Chaplain, Rev. Frederick Brown
I-Iarris, D. D., oerecl the following
prayer:
Our Father God. lroni all the tradi-
tions which separate us and write our
namrs in dierent camps of thought and
conviction we pause for the upward look
which makes ils one in solemn, yet glad,
communion with Thee. .-
Teach 1.15 so to live and so to toil and so
to play our part in this are on ages teiiing
that 92.e may face with clear conscience
the ta.-.ze of our contemporaries and the
Judemrrit of posterity. May our atti-
tudes and hopes widen every area of good
will within the reach of our inuence. In
a divided. it-ar-haunted. violent world,
may we be among those whom the gen-
erations to come shall call blessed, be-
cause the record shall write our names
among today's peaccmakers. Amen.
THE JOURNAL
On request oi Mr. Lucas, and by unani-
mous consent, the reading of the Journal
of th Proceedings oi Friday. February
11, 1950 was dispensed with, and the
Journal was approved.
Ll-lav!-: or ABSENCE
On request oi Mr. S.92LTONSl'AI..L, and by
l.l.D3.l1li'l'i392.iS consent. Mr. Yomcc was eit-
cused from attendance on the sessions of
the Senate beginning today, through
Wednesday.
CALL OF THE ROLL
mr. L-Juno. I siiagest the absence oi s.
quorum,
The VICE PRESIDENT. The Secre-
tary will call the roll.
The roll was called, and the following
5¬l'18lOl'S answered to their parnes:
Aiken
Ander-on
Benton
Brett-ter
Brlcker
Butmr
Coir.
Cape; art
ChopnunChawz
Con:i.i:1y
COPUUII
I!-arhy
Donnell
lT
J]
a» -
1950 ' CONGRESSIONAL RECORD--SENATE
"Ihe results obtained during the laid
training of the cm Hundred and ninth anti-
aircrart Artillery Brigade are ample [rod cf
the capabilities oi the brigade commanderand ata. ' ' ' Thebrigade commander
ii to be _mmenueu stir his inillitiyci 355*"??-
and enthusiasm which has been so largely
responsible lor the success or the camp.
Through the brigade bommandei-s varied es-periences he |lll'lGq$0d an intimate knowl-Qdgg qfhuman pat e.a-mi ass result has
been ahle to instill in his entire command a
very high morale and a desire to reect credit
upon the citizen-soldier oi our country. -
Pield Training Inspection Report. filth Army
Inspection Team, August '7. 19-s8.
' This unir has progressed rapidly and
shows evidence oi eocellent leadership."-
Annual Armory Inspection Report. Inapecia
General riith army. January 8. ii-19. _
"This is the second iieid training phase in
which this unit has taken part. ' ' '
The ehcelient results ahown by the unite
under their command are due to a considera-
ble degree to the organisational ability and
systematic supervision oi the brigade cun-
mander and his stair. an examination oitbe
brigade commanders record and his conduitin the eld indicate that he la wail qliined
both as an executive and a troop co -
er. I'ield Training Inlpettion Report,Ptith army Inspection Tea: August is. lose.
"Based on technicaipro ieney, condition
of equipment. amp and range discipline.
wI_=_".esy and morale. we training at-enmrd
existing in the one Hundred and Ninth antl-
alrcrait artillery Brigade. Illinois National
Guard, as compared with other llational
Guard units. is superior."--Report or Sta!
Visit by Representative of Chic! Army Field
forces. September I. IND.
OOllIllUIl'IS1'B II GOV'IB.N'llIll"I $12713
Hr. McCAR'I'HY. ldr. Praldeni. I
wish to discuss a subject tonisht which
concerns me more than does any other
subject I have ever discussed beiore this
body. and perhaps more than any other
suhlcct I shall ever have the good iortune
to discuss in the future. It not only
concerns me. but it disturbs and iri.ght-
ens me. '
About 10 days ago, at Wheeling. W. Va..
in making a Lincoln Day speech. I inade
the statement that there are presently in
the State Department a very disable
group of active Communists. I made the
further statement. llr. President, that
of one small group which had been
screened by the President; own security
agency. the State Department refused
to discharge approximately 2% oi those
individuals.
. The Secretary of State promptly de-
nied my statement and said there was
not a single Communist in the State Dc-
partment. I thereafter sent a telegram
to the President, which I should like to
road at this time:
President Esau B. Tauisait.
White House. Ioehingtcn, D. C.
In the Lincoln Day speech at Whealinl
'.l'llui-ad.ay llliht I I1-ltad that the B1-Ill DI-
partment hsrbosa a hast or Communists and
Oommlnlht :y:'92..mtl92.lm-re one are helnmg to
abape our iheeigrrpolicy. I runner stated
gnszrnseeinmypoaeeasionthanammof51 Communists who are in the State Depart-
ment at preee"n§- 1 State Department spokes-
msn promptly denied this. otaiming that
there is not .a single Communist in the Da-
partment. You can convince yourael! of
the ialslty or the State Department claim
very easily. You will recall that you perenn-
ally appointed a board to eoreen State De-
partment employees for the purpose oi weed-
ing out ieliow travelers-men whom theboard considered dangerous to the security
oi this Ilation. Your board did a puissant-
ingyonandnasaedhimdredswbichhadbeen listed as dangrdlla to the aaewill J
the Ilation. became ed eoanmunletlo lip-
%ioni.
Whiletheraoordsarenotavailshletcins.I know absolutely oi oi one group or approa-
mateiyaoocsrtiiledtothedeeretsry ordin-
Qha;-go because oi communism. Be actually
sly discharged apps-olimately N. I under-
d that this was done after lengthy con-ga on with the now-convicted traitor-njim. I would suggest. tberercsa. air.
eot. that you allnply pick up your
phone and ash Ir. Acheson how many dd
those whom your board had labeled as dan-
gerous communists he failed to discharge.
The day the House Un-American Activities
Oclnmittea exposed Alger Hiaa as an impar-
tant link in an international Communist spy
sing you signed an order rorbidding the Stats
Department's giving any information in na-
gard to the disloyalty or the communistin
connections or anyone in that Department to
the C-ongreaa.
Despite this dtate Department black-out.
we have been able to compile a list cl S1
Communists in the State Department. This
list is available to you but you can get a
much longer list by ordering Secretary Ache-
eontogiveyouallstodthoeewhomyoin
own board listed as being disloyel and who
are still working in the State Department. I
believe the is the minimum which
can be expected or you in this case.
1. That you demand that Acheson give
you gnu the proper cotnslional committee
thenameeandaoompletereportonalld
those who were placed in the Department by
AlgerBias.andalloithoeeeti1lwornngin
the State Department who were listed by
yourboardasbedeeeurityrisksbecauaeoi
their communiatic ocmhections.
I. That you promptly revoke the is-der inwhich ecu provided under no circumstances
could congressional committee obtain any
information or help in exposing Communists.
Plllll-l'IOnI'O|.Il'PlH-I'1.l.lllb¢IUIlD¢itic Ftrty hing - I
international communism. Certainly this
label is not deserved by the hundreds or
thousands oi loyal American Democrats
throughout the Istion. and by the ailable
numhq cl able loyal Democrats in hoth the
Senate and the louse.
llr. President. the only answer I have
received to this teletrarn was the state-
ment by the President at his pi-as con-
ference to the eirect that there was not a
word oi truth in the telegram.
Subsequently. the Democratic leader
of the "...en:t.%t lee.-'i.. the alleged %d=
es-i:nad_e a speech in Chicalo in which
he repeated substantially what the Pres-
ident sald. except that he went one step
turther and stated:
Illhad aaidthenlatythl.nQlthatllc-
CaI.'rl'rhasabouttheStateDapa.rtn.iant,I
would he ashamed all my Lila.
He also eald there was
truth in my eherle.
fortunate. not because I am con
with what the senior Senator fro Illi-
nola happens to think. but because he
occupies such an important position. I
behave, ii we are suing to root out the
lth column in the State Department,
we should have the wholehearted coop-
eration or both Democrats and Republi-
sans:is-see-I n92 noaelaaaswuuse atiacis.
Ieel tha
has control oi the
the Governmt any
with the very able llembers
aide of the aisle. we would
jacture which I intmd to disc
think a group oi twisted-t.bin.k1i1ghial:-..,
lcctusls have tat over both the porno-
craticandiiepublicanhrtiestotryto
wrest control from them.
Isha1lhesiadnowtoyield_totheBen-
ator from Illinois.
Hr. LUCAS. Ur. President. I should
Iiketosaytotheenatorths-tthereis
noonelntheensieorinthecountry
who is any more opposed to Communist
domination of any nation or Communist
iniiltration into any country than is the
Senator trom Illinois. -What I am alk-
ingtheenatortodo--andlhopehe
wihdoit._endthe%t_ry Qmhsmhg
doit-isto1cllowthroug.hwlththe
speech which he made in Wheeling,
W. Va.. in which he stated more than
no persons working in the State Depart-
ment were known to the Secretary or
State to be members of the Communist
Party. II the Senator made that state-
ment--and that is what has been re-
portedI want him to name those Oom-
munlsts. Ii there are card-carrying
Communists in the State Department,
the Benai-or from Illinois will go along
with me Bemtor Irena wimorlsin in any
way possible to remove those Commu-
nists from the rolls.
The Senator does not have to do as
he did in Salt Lake City and say. I am
not charging these four people with being
Communists. '.i'ne Senator is privileged
to name them all in the Senate, and ii
those people are not communists he
wil1beproteeted.'Ibatise.liIwantthe
Senator to do. I! the Senator names
those I05 card-cl-T171!!! Communists,
and he proves to be rmht, the senator
L-om is -.-.41! amid-:12 tor :n:."..@
I__ J- ~i fl
- _ V "~
M4
about what I said. I do not believe I
mentioned the ilgure I05. I believe I
laid "over 200." The President said. "It
is lust a lie. There is nothing to it.
I have before nfe a letter which was
reproduced in the Concasssionar. !l.ac
nap on August 1. I946. at page A4892.
It is a letter irom James~!'. Byrncs. tor-
mer Secretary oi State.- It deals with
the screening oi the iirst group. of about
:,0l:il. There were a great number oi
subsequent screenings. This was the be-
ginning.
Mr- LUCAS. Mr. President. will the
Senator Yield?
Mr. MoCARTI-IY. Please let me n-
ish. The Senator will have all the time
in the world to ask questions, and I shall
be very glad to yield to the Senator for
that purpose. and he can even make
short speeches and take all the time he
wants.
Mr. LUCAS. Mr. President, the Sen- irom Illinois---
l Mr. McCAR'l"HY. I do not Yield at
i
i
F
E
Ithis time.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The
Senator from Wisconsin declines to yield.
Mr. McCAR'i"HY. The letter deals
with the rst group oi 3.000 which was
screened. The Fresident-and I thin:
wisely soset up a board to screen the
employees who were coming to the State
Department from the various war agen-
cies oi the War Department. There were
thousands oi unusual characters in some
of those war agencies. Former Secretary
Byrnes in his letter. which is reproduced
In the Coivcamsxornu. Itrcoan. says this:
Pursuant to Executive order. approximately
.000 employees have been transferred to the
Department of State from various war agen-
cies such as the O55. PIA. OW]. OIAA. and so
forth O-I these 4.000 employees. the case
histories of approximately 8.000 have been
subjected to a preliminary essmination. as a
result oi which a recommendation against
permanent employment has been made in 285
eases by the screening committee to which
you reier in your letter.
In other words. former Secretary
Byrnes said that 285 of those men are un-
laie risks. He goes on to say that of this
number only 79 have been removed. Of
the 51 I mentioned some are from this
group oi 205, and some are from subse-
quent groups which have been screded
but not discharged.
I might say in that connection that the
investigative agency of the State Depart-
ment has done an excellent lob. The files
show that they went into great detail in
labeling Communists as such. The only
trouble is that alter the investigative
agency had properly labeled these men as
Communists the State Department re-
fused to discharge them. I shall give
detailed cases.
Mr. LUCAS. Mr. President?
Hr. llcCAR'l'HY. _,As to the 5'! whose
names the Senator is demanding. ii he
will be patient and alt down---
Mr. LUCAS. Mr. Iiresident. in view oi
the statements made. the Senator should
yield.
Mr. IMCARTHY. I shall yield at this
time only ior a question. I shall not yield
for any lengthy speeches by the Senator
trom Illinois. It he wishes to ask a ques-
tion. I shall be glad to answer it.llr. LUCAS. Mr. President. did the
Senator aay at Wheeling. W. Va., Jast
Thursday night that I05 persons work-
ing for the State Department were known
by the Secretary oi State to he members
oi the Communist Party, or words to that
eect? Did he call the attention oi the
country to the iact that 205 men in the
State Department were card-oarwinlCommiivts? Did the Senator say that?
That is hat I should like to know.
p Mr. McCARTI-IY. Hr. President. I
ask unanimous consent at this time to
insert in the Rscoan a copy of the speech
which I made at Wheeling. W. Va.
Mr. LUCAS. Cannot the Senator an-
Iwer "Yes or No?
lib. MCCARTHY. I will ask the Ben-
ator please not to interrupt me. I will
yield to him later. I will give him all
the chance in the world.
1Mr. LUCAS. I asked the Senator a
{cry simple question.
Mr. HCCARTI-IY. I ask at this time
unanimous -consent to be allowed to in-
sert in the Racoas a copy oi the speech
which I made at Wheeling, W. Va. and
at Reno. Nev. It was the same speech.
Hr. LUCAS. Mr. President. I object.
Mr. McCAR'IH'Y. In that case I shall
read the speech into the Rscosn.
Mr. LUCAS. We want to hear it.
Mr. McCAR'i'l-IY. The speech reads:
Ladies and gentlemen, tonight as we cele-
brate the one hundred and iorty-rst birth-
day or one oi the greatest men in Amerin
history, I would like to he able to talk about
what a glorious, day today is in the his!-Or!
or the world. As we celebrate the birth oithis man wnosrith his whole heart and soul
hated war, I ould like to he able to speak
oi peace in our time. oi war being outlawed.
and of world-wide disarmament. Title
would be truly appropriate things to be able
to mention as we celebrate the birthday of
Abraham Lincoln. _
I hope the Senator from Illinois will
stay for this.
Mr. LUCAS. I shall be right here.
I am coming over to the Republican side
oi the aisle so that I will not miss an!-
thing.
Mr. MCCARTHY. I am sure the Sen-
ator will not miss anything.
The speech proceeded: '
Piva years alter a was-id war ha-slbeen woo.
men: hearts anouid anticipate a ong peace.
and man's minds should be tree from the
heavy weight that comes with war. list this
is not such a pariodtor this is not a pariod
oi peace. This is s time oi the cold war."
This is a time when all the world is split into
two vast, increasingly hostile armed manpo-
I time oi a great arrnamanis rsos.
Today we can almost pbyaimlly hear the
snutteringa and rumblings of an invigorated
godorwar. !oucanaaait.iaalit.andhelrit all the way Iron: the bills oi Indochina.
i'rosnthsahcrIoII'prnn:na.rightovlriIlto
the very heart oi lurope it-salt.
'Insonaancm1raglngthingistnattna"madmoment" has not yst arrivad for the dring
dthegunostheaaplodlngotthsbombwhich will set civilisation abo
or dastroying it-sail. There
for peace if we nnsliy decide
can we nfaly blind our lyas
aara to those tac-is which an
and more clearly. and that is
now engaged In a show-down ngpt--not
war between nations tor land araas
r material gains. but a war between
trically opposed idaoiogin.< .
coucnsssromu. RECORD-SENATE -. F-mum 20'
' HYDE between our wastarn
atbeistic Oosnrnuniat
ladies and gentlemen.
are other diiiaranol. od
course. __!- thine could he mailed. L;
instance, the llanian idaa at oondsoattq
tbsiandand Iactmiaaandrunnlngtbsann
aconsnny as a single enterprise is nsllhlit.
likewise. igntrrs invention or the one-party
poiicestateasawaytoinakellarrsn
work is hardly it momentous. - '
Italin's r-oluta putting av:-Q d this
two ideas. oi course. did much to divide this
world. With only those dilaranoaa. bow-
ovar. the last and the West could most OI-
tainly still live in place.
'l'naraal.basicdi.llsranca.howevar.lissin
the religion or imrnou-alisminvsntad by
liars. preached feverishly by Lenin. and oar-
ried to lml-ni,nsl_=le I_n't:.rlge_l by !i-l._.1ln-
'Ihlaraligionoliiminr.ws.lissn.iIthoIldIsai1'
oi the world wi.ns-and wall it msyti:ils ra-
iigion of tmmoralism will more deeply wound
and damage mankind than any oousoaivahla
economic or political system.
Kari llara dismissed God as a boas. and
Ianin and Stalin have added in cisar-out,
unmistakable language -their resolve that no
nation. no people who baiisvs in a God. can
waist aide by Ii-do with t-hlir oommunlstio
state.
Kari liars. for example. ezpallsd people
from his Communist Party tor mentioning
such things as justice. humanity. or morai-
ity. He ..--eiiezi this :-a-.-inn and :i..-'~i-4-,-'
aantimentality.
While Hncoln was a raistivaly young man
in his late thirties. Kari llara boasted that
the Communist specter was haunting lumps.
linoa that time. hundreds of millions ct peo-
Plaandvaataraaaottbswra-ldnavatailan
under Communist domination. Today. ism
than I00 years a-er Llnooi.ns death. Stalin
bragathatthiaommunistspactarisnotonly
haunting the world. but is about to com-
pletely subjugate it.
'II>dlrweareaaga¢euiaaiiaai.sii-outbattle between oommunlstic atheism and
Christianity. The modern champions ct
have this as the
And. iadiu and gentlemen. the chip an
downtney are truly down.
Imisht sayiorthebenetoithesen.
ator from Illinois that what I ain read-
inswastakentromarecording oithe
speech. Ididnotuseawrittenspeech
that night. I continue the reading:
Lssttherebeanydoubttnatthsttms
hssbeenchclen,lot1Igod.i.ractlytotho
leader oi cosnmuniain today-Joseph Stalin.
Ears lsvvhathsaaidnotbacl:in I028.not
bai'orethewar.notdurtngthewa.rbut"ayous after the lat 2:: :2 ended:
think that the Communist revolution can
carried out peamtuliy. within tbs trasnswor
ti. I Chriltian de
alt-her gone out of ona
normal understanding, or,.rs
w
l
92-
!.
3"
i
-s
Q
. rr-i . ' -' 1 _ " i-
, K '/ '
1950 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE _ 2045
eratic Christian world and the Communist
ltheistic world?
Unless we Iaoe this tact, we shall pay the
price that must be paid by those who wait
too long. _
Sis years goeat the time of the hut mn-
ferenoe to map out the peace--Dumharton
Oaksthere was within the Soviet orbit 180.-
0o0,000 people. Liner! up on the antitotali-
tarian aide there were in the world at that
time roughly l.S25,0ll.0O0 people. Today,
only I years later. there are eoo.ooo.ooo peo-
ple under the abaolute domination oi Soviet
Fl-uasiaan increase of over 600 percent. n
our aide, the gure has shrunk to around
500,000,000 I.n other words, in lem than S
years the odds have changed rroin I to l in
our favor to S to 6 against ill. This indicates
the Iwlltneas or the tempo of Communist
wlctoria and American deieata in the cold
war. As one of our outstanding historical
gtiru once said. "'W'h¢n a. great democracy
is destroyed. it will not be because or ene-
mies from without, but rather because of
llilemies from within."
The truth of this statement is becoming
tarriryingly clear as we aee this country each
lily losing on every front.
it =ir'i end we were physically the strong-
eat nation on earth and. at least potenily,
the most powerful intellectually and morally.
Ours could have been the honor or being abeacon in the desert oieauttion. a shin-
ing living proof that cl lzation was not yet
ready to destroy itself. Unfortunately, we
have failed miserably and tragically to arise
to the opportunity.
The reason why we and ourselves in a poal- -
tion of impotency is not because our only
powerful potential enemy has sent men to
invade our shores, but rather because of the
traltorous actions of those who have been
treated so well by this Nation. It has not
teen the lee: rortunste or member: m mi-
htwity groups who have been. selling this
Nation out. but rather those who have had
all the benets that the wealthiest nation on
rth has had to o'erthe nneat homes. the
lneat college education, and the finest jobs
Ln Government we can give.
Rita is glsringiy true in the State Depart-
ment. There the bright young men who are
horn with silver spoons in their mouths are
the ones who have been worst.
Hr. LODGE. Mr. President, will the
Senator yield?
Mr. McCARTHY. I Ileld.
Hr. %%E. I should like to '-
the Senator from Wisconsin that I am
interested in what he is saying, both as
a Senator and as a member of the For-
eign Relations Committee. When theSenator casts doubt on the perganel of
the State Department that, of se. is
something which interests me very es-
pecially. I not only feel that there should
he no Communists in the State Depart-
ment. but that there should be nobody
in the State Department who is not al-
rmatlveiy. enthusiastically loyal to theeets-A enene and that It lranrle fnr alaaaba-an lelavliara-as -an. ---n -- -.-.._. .., .
Therefore I say to the Senator from Wil-
consin now, that so far as the Junior
Senator from Massachusetts is con-
cerned. he will at the earliest appropriate
opportunity make a motion to have a
subcommittee of the Foreign llelations
Committee take up every ainlle one or
the accusations which the Senator from
Wisconsin make:
Mr. McCARTHY. I was hoping the
Senator would.
Mr. LODGE. I make that statement
et this point, when the Semi-01' from
Wisconsin is beginning to spell about
Io. as-ia 'the State Department, because I think
that I for one have a special responsi-
bility in that eld. ' 92-
an». licCAR'I'HY. e Semtor
from hlassachusetts is not able to re-'
main and listen to all of my remarks.
' Ilr. LODGE. I cannot remain and
listen to the whole of the Senator!
speech, because I have mother engage-
ment. but I shall read it all in the morn-'
iwwith the utmost care.
-tr. McCAPt'lHl-. In case the Sem-
tor must ieavh-and I say it will take me
a long time to conclude, if I continue to
have the interruptions I have previously
hadI should like to call attention to
three of the cases which I intend to cite:
case No. 1, case No. 2. and ease No. Ii.
Those, I think, represent the big three.
While there are vast numbers of other
Communisis with whom we must be con-
cerned, if we can get rid oi those big
three we will have done something to
break the back or the espionage ring
within the State J.92e-mrtment.
Iinightaayal.so.incaset.heSenst.or
will not be present to hear me. that in
giving the records I have been very care-
ful about doing two things: No. 1. not to
cite anything which has not been con-
iirined by the intelll8ence agencies
which have been investigating these
men; and No. 2and this I think is very
importanbI have tried, and I hope suc-
cessfully, to red-pencil anything that
might be embarrassing to any investi-
gating agency. I know it is easy to call
for mes, and when I ca for a disloyalty
illeldonotmean thatlaincallimfor
the aqurce oi information. I do not
think iy intelligence agency can work
and do a good Job if the Senate or the
House. or any other body is entitled to
make public the source of the informa-
tion. The les which I have here
the source of the information. I con-
tacted one of the Federal intelligence
agencies, one of the investigative units.
I aakedthem if they would care to go
over what I have to my before I my it,
and red-pencil anything which they
thought might in any way divulge the
source of iniorination. that would in any
way inform the Communist spy ring oi
the information they have. 'Ihe answer
was, Well. you have gotten all of it
from the State Department ies, and the
Communists within the Depirtrnent ash
seethoselesandlwiiishowrouwhich
Commles have the top-secret clearance,
aoiitheyhaveaeenihitdoesnotdo
much damage for the Senate to see
th." _
Hr. LODGE. Let me my to the Sen-
ator from Wisconsin that I am not un-
dertaking to say whether he is lht or
wrong. I have no way oi knowing that.
WhaiIlayiathat.i.l'iematberheiadis-
eussingisofsuchvitslimportancethat
Ithinkitoughttobeinvestigatedbyallr.
that I shall
unturned
matter. '
Ir. LUCAS. llr. wm
Senator yield?
Mr. McCARl.'HY.- I cannot yialdany
further. '
Ir. LUCAS. Perhaps I can save arane
time. The Senator from Wiacomin in
his discussion with the Senator from
Hissiehuseiis iiid i-hit he xiii i ioii
speechandhadtoreadit. I!theSena-
tor will answer my question. perhaps we
can save some time.
llr. llcCAR'l"HY. I cannot yield at
this time for the Senator: question. I
cannot yield for that purpose until I
complete the speech. r
Hr. WEERRY. llr. Prnident, will
the Senator yield?
llr. McCAR'I'H'Y.
ator from Nebraska
oor thereby. K
lg. wgnty. .lil._r. itient. I =1;
unanimous consent that the Senator
may yield to me without losing the iioor.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there
obiection? The Chair hears none, and
it is so ordered.
to. wnnnav. an. President, I do
not want to interrupt the proceedings.
I am perfectly willing to cooperate with
the majority leader in every way. But
when I look around the Senate Chamber
I see only two or three Senators on the
other side of the aisle. and half a dozen
on tl.1_li= side oi me n_Ir-le. The miter
seems to me to be of such importance--
Ir. LUCAS. The Senator from Ne-
braska and I are present. - _
Hr. WEIERRY. Yes; but I believe
more Senators should be present. I be-
lieve more Senators should be on the floor
to hear this statement. I do not want
to interfere with the majority leader;
progranthutiaskhimifwecsnnottake
areceasatth.istiine.or,lfneoessai-y,
have a quorum call to bring Senators
back to the Senate Chamber so they can
'a.. the speech %ng made by the Sena-
tor from Wisconsin. Ii seems to me the
only sensible thing to do at this time is to
takearecessorhaveaquorumcali.
llr. LUCAS. As I look around the Sen-
ate Chamber I see about as many Sena-
tors present as I usually aee present when
:-
iv!
i
Fr
E
i
r» IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlllllllllllllllllaaallll
~ _ - < ' .
2046 GONGRESSIONAL neoonn-seusrn manor so
atorfromwisoonsinissoinstoprooeed
with his speech.
Hr. LA.'*iGER. Hr. I
Senator yield to me Ior
suggesting the absenoe of a quorum?
Mr. Mt.¬AR'I'HY. If that is done I do
not think we will obtain a-quorum, and I
will be oblieed to dlsoonn-tie. I should
like to read some more oi my speech.
Mr. President, at this time I ask unan-
imous consent that we proceed until 1
o'clock without having a quorum cell. and
at that time the Senate adjourn until ll
o'clock tomorrow. and that then I may
have the oor.
Mr. LUQALL gr. 1-rteldent. reeerving
the right to object. let me say that what
has now been suggested is what is often
suggested under similar circumstances.
Iet me remind the Senate that on the
request oi oertain Democratic and Be-
publican Members I made the announce-
ment that there would he no vote to-
night on the important measure which
is now pending, the cotton-potato meas-
ure. Consequently many Senators have
gone home. Now the Qiatitr trcen
Nebraska Mr. Wasaarl, the minority
leader, and others, do not want the Sena-
tor from Wisconsin to continue. The!
want a quorum call. 'Ihe Senator from
Wisconsin now asks that he be allowed
in quit at I o'clock. Ii the speech is
one which is Icing to electriiy the Na-
tion, I should think the Senator lrom
'i'iiEf.ii would desi to iet it of nii
chest as fast as he possibly can, and not
wait until tomorrow, because tomorrow
le Senator will have no Larger audience
than he has at the present time. I
should like to say to the Senator from
Wisconsin that if the statement he is
about to make is as iroportant as he aaya
it is, and ii he can prove what he says
he is going to prove. he will nd the Ben-
ator from Illinois making the same de-
mand that the Senator from Massachu-
setts made, which is a thorough and
eornplete inrestiiition with respeet to
lll the Communists he is IOIHS to name.
I want to remain here until he names
aem. That is what I am interested in.
'Ihe newspaper reporters and the peopleof the cmmtry generally are demanxl
toknow who these 20'lorI0l -
Bill-I are.
llr. IlcCAl?.'I'I-IY. Hr. President, I
will not yield any further.
llr. ENOWLAND. llr.Presldent.wl11
the Senator yield in order to straighten
out the record respecting the program
for tomorrow?
Mr. IMCARTHY. Yes.
Mr. KNOWLAND. I call the Bene-
tor's attention to the tact that we al-
ready have a special order that the Ben-
ate will meet at _ll o'clock tomorrow
morning under a unanimous-consent
agreement, with the time ior a vote hav-
ins been set. Theretore it would not
be possible for the Senator to continue
his speech as oi 11 o'clock tomorrow.
Mr. McC'AR'I'I-IY. Very well. I will
withhold yieldiné for i of a qucmm**'
{or the time belni. if the Senator doslngenerelterms.-'lharetoee.!wotudone one rather unusual
a man who hh. _--_ .- mi. -fI18!-lIlll>°llt:y. ' ~
when calm; an-nae: was an
war.t-he Btatebe had
youngmannamedloihn
obviously, was not to x tor the commu-
niaatlon I China. ltrangely. however, he
-ntom§lrepoe-tehacaeotbeBtateDe-artmenfmgmg that w tea-pedo our allytang Kai-she]: and in sleet. that
ocsnmuniam was the has hope of China.Inter. this nian-92I r'vi.oe-was pickedem by the Ibderal dd Invtilatlon
iorturntngovartotheommnnlseeaacret
Btate Department into:-nation. Itrangwly,
however. he was never inw-
evu-. Joseph Grew. the Under Bee-rotary ed
ltate.who1nsisteoonhisproaeeution,waa
loroed to resign. Two days after Orewe sno-
eeaeor, Dean Achnon, took over as Under
lecretary or State, this man-John Service-
ihohadbeenpic-kedupbytbefiland
who had 1',:'!?it".'£y urged that mg.-.'92_92-2
wast.hebest.hopedGl:iin.a.wasnot0:nly
reinstated in the Bi-ate Department but plo-
looted. and llnally. under Acheson. placed
in charge of all placements and promotions.
Today. ladies and gantlemen, this man
lerviceiaonhiawaytorepreaenttheltate
Department and Acheson in
Ia: and away the moat tmpu-tant listening
poet in the Par hat.
low, let: see what happens when individ-
mls with Oomsnuniat oonnecttona are Iout of the State Department. O92llta1s_a.n,whowaslaheledaa Iquoee!"| -
tom international Oonununiat, was mans
a-lstant to the Assistant Ilecretary of Stats
lnchargeodlatinamericanaaln. Iawaa
taken into the Btate Department from his10h as a lleuant colonel in the Oom|:n'u-
aiat Brigade. finally. after
intense oongraaaionai preaeure and crftictnn,
be resigned in 1016 from the Stale Depen-
:."::-.*.-.....--d, ladia and 3::-Alma, whore -1
youthiitkhelanow? Ietooaovesahl;h-mlaried Job as Chief of Cultural Aotlties
lectionintheodiceoiithel92aai.|tantBecl'o-
my General ol_ I-he lI_gi_geLl_I_a_t;iona.
I
Mr. President. I call the attention oi
the Senator from Illinois to the iactes-
peclally in view or the comment he re-
eently made--that I did not list John
Service as one of the 57. Perhaps I could
have, but I have listed only P9rso'ns whose
tiles were available to me. For some un-
known reason, John Bervioe'e die has
appeared in the Btete Den-_-tn-.e:-.t. I
have tried to dad where it is. and I have
beentoid thatitisint.heoii'icequotins
the individual over there"oi the top
brass." Bo I have not listed Service. and
that is the sole reason why I have not.
I havelisted onlyindividuals whose rec-t. ladwhledoylm
Kenny bshe isnow an aditsw
nitedlationailloeum-ttjuraan.
srlatar-tinge-asewaethatdlulln
eigh eeoinomistinaha'.l'radeAID-
totmanta °
mantel-oths
wan,-.l_rt.
Iouwiilraealllast
lnIew!orawhatwaaknownaa:.hgawldlhaoeOoni'¢enoe-a ormferenee was
lIheIodbyt.hsBta14Depa.rtmentlBdIl'.
'1!-usoan as the sounding hoard tor Olms-
munistp daandatnmt raisinR.Eul qmm&ammdmn
eonterenoe. Interestingly enoughmecording
tothene-wreleaaeputouthythempartment
lniulmtheleeretarynfltateappodntad
Duplex on a oommiaaion which acts
ll-lion between WING! and the emu
Department.
'1'ha'tisthemanwhoheadedtheoon-
Ierenoe which the Secretary oi State
midwa.satoo1oiOommu.nistRussia.a
soundins board oi Communist propa-
sanda. Alain. that man was not named
as one oi the 51. but he inlsht well have
been.
lnnowha
lvlduals w
our ioreign policy
Department. which is
IV-Y to,-_...i
l
" * e-e-----w---ms-~ w w-' YOF
l
I
>
L
lno power other than to invest-ltate.
People oiten vrrite to Senators, and ea!
in their letters. "With a man like J.
Idaar Hoover at the head of the FBI.
how is it that this situation exists?" For
their benefit I think itshou1d be stated
that the FBI has no power whatever
except to dis up iacts and report them
to the Department oinmstioe or other
executive agencies-. '>
ur. FERGUSON. sh-._1=:esiuent. will
the Senator yield?
Mr. McCAR'I'HY. I yield.
lir. FERGUSON. On that point. let
me inquire whether it is also true that
the Secretary oi State has the sole power
to discharee. without trial, anyone in the
State Department whom he thinks might
be disloyal.
Mr. HcCARTHY. I so understand-
under the McCarran amendment.
liir. FERGUSON. Yes. under the Mc-
Carran Act.
Mr. HcCARTHY. I so understandi
and I understand that it applies both to
employees of the State Department and
to civil-service employees -
Mr. FERGUSON. So it is not neces-
sary for a trial to be held in such cases.
but the Secretary of State has full power
to discharge. and that power was ziven
w him in 1946; was it notl,
Mr. MCCARTHY. Yes; and I intend
to call attention to it.
Mr. LUCAS. Mr. President, will the
Senator yield at this point?
lir. Mc'CARTHY. Not until I nish
reading this statement. I shall be glad,
when I nish reading it. to yield to the
Senator.
I read further irom the statement,
reading what was said by the FBI man:
In accordance with instructions oi the
gnu pepmineni to the FBI. the rel was
not even permitted to open an espionage case
against any Home suspect without State
Department approval.
Incidentally. Mr. President, this was
testimony given at e. hearing of a Senate
subcommittee. headed by the Senator
Irm Maryland Mr. OC01lUl].
I read further:
ll-r. Asnle. Did the State Department ever
withhold Iron: the Justice Department the
right to intern suspects?
Ir. Kliatlr. They withheld the right to get
out process ior them which. in edeq. kept
them from being arrested, as in the 'e-ale of
Schevcbenko and others.
ill. Assn: In how many instances did the
State Department decline to permit process
to be served on Soviet agents?
lir. Kenny. Do you mean how many Sovietagents were aiirectedi
an. Aaexs. Yes.
Ir. KBLZY. That would be dimcult to say
because there were so many people connected
In one espionage ring, whether cw not they
were directly conspiring with the ring.
lilr. Acme. wu that order applicable to all
persons?
-r. Kin. Y_ci; ill per-orsin
llplonage orgsnteltih.Kr. Aanis. What did you say the order was
as you understood it or as it came to you?
Mr. Entry That no arrests oi any suspects
in the Russian-espionage activities in the
United Stats were to he made without the
prior approval or the State Department.
That means the prior approval oi the
Alter I-lisses and the Wadiellhs in the
State Department.Ireadmrtber: -
llowthereasontortbaitahnapartmssst
oppositihntoarrastingsnyeltbisqyring
ismads rather eisarintbenest
ancacswar.
Senator O'Cowoa.Did you understand
thitthit'ru'totnciiidiilioimicin-
ticipanta?
"lIr.K.la:.s:r.!es; bseauseittbeywese
erreatedthatwmIidd.iscloaethswholeappa-
ratuayouses."
Meaning the whole apparatus both in-
aide yd outside the State Departmt.
I read further:
In other words they
the whole ring which ante
Department be exposed.
Ill. LUCAS. Hr. President. I111 the
Senator yield?
Mr. l|loCAR'I r'IY.
The Senator has insis
ltlternent, and I shall
tore I yield.
I now read further:
This brings us down to the ease
Atgeriaewhoistmportantnotasan
vidual any more, but rather because he is
so representative oi a group in the State
Department. It is unnecessary to go over the
ewdiderentsahowinghawheloldoutthe
Nation which bad [teen him do much.
Thcaearerathertreahinallodcurininde.
However, it ah!!!-I-Id bl remembered thlt
the facts in regard to his connection with
this international Communist spy ring were
made known to the than Under Secretary of
State Berle 3 days after Hitler and Stalin
lignpd the Rulo-German lance pact. Lt
that time one Whittaker Chambers-who
was also part oi the spy ring-apparently
decided that with Russia on Hitler's aide. he
could no longer betray our lfation to Russia.
Be gave Under Secretary oi State Berle--and
this is all a matter oi record-practically
111.1! not more, oi the {acts upon which Elsa
conviction was based.
Under Secretary Berle promptly contactedl.-e-s.n"---Acheson and %i=-"er: -rm in return
that Acheson and I quote! could Vtltleh
tor Bias absolutely"--at which time the
matter was dropped. And this. you under-
stand, was at a time when Buuta was an
lily oi GI-nnsny. This condition enlisted
while Russia and Germany was invading and
diamernbering Poland, and while the Corn-
Ihunist groups hare were eereamisig war
manger" at the United States tor their lup-
port 01 the allied nations.
Again in H43, the FBI had occasion to tn-
Ieetigate the iacts lurrotmding Else con-
tactswiththeitulisnepyring. Buteven
aiter that FBI report was submitted.
was done.
Then late in iMeon August 5--when
the Un-American Activities Committee mllad
Alger Bias to give an accounting, President
'I92'uman at once issued a Presidential direc-
tive ordering all Government agencies to
refuse to turn over any intormation whatso-
ever in regard to the Communist activities
01' any Government employee to a coup-aw
llonal committee.
Incidentally. even liter Bil was
convicted-
'I'he statement should have been even
liter Hiss indicted"-
it is interesting to not-e thlt the President
Ii.i.lllabe1ldt.hed2p§dH.illall I'0dI'ili'-19:0 -' cd..l;REss10NAL Rnconn-shill 121- em
e cl .
suited in the In
American Idem;
! the relationship bet
ioriet: '! the rights m -
trol commissions oi! lumanla. Blllllh and
Iungary; I! Iran: I! China-hIe'a when
we gave away Isnehuria: I! lhrkida
Btraita question; 9! international trustee-
lhilili 0! Korea.
Oi berasuitsoithisocn.!eranoa.Arthur
or the Stats Department haZ'Il!II
I glanced over the docunaent. I
isvs my eyes. To me. almost
spite oi a surrender to Stalin.
_As you hear this story or high treason. I
know that you are saying to yclnrellf. "Wall,
why doesn't the Congress do something
about it?" Actually, ladies and gentlemen.
oneoltbeimportantreasonatcstbspatt.
the corruption, the diahonqty. the disloy-
alty. the treason In high Government pul-
tionsone oi the most important reasons
whythisecntinuaaisalaekotmtra1uprie-
inyonthepartoit-beie0.000.000ainerican
F
1' . _
92.i
2048 CONGRESSIONAL REC-ORDSENATE ' FEBRUARY 20
ciearthatldonot claimtoknowallthe
Communists in the State Department.
I do not have any counter-espionage
group that can so there and ferret out
all the information. I have also pointed
out that the State Deoirtmeni refused
to discharge--and so stated in a press
,oonierence205 individuals who, its own
security agency said. were unsafe risks.
II the Senator has any flu-theriiuestions,
I shall be sled to yield.
%. LUCAS. Hr. President. will the
Senator yield?
Mr. MQCARTHY. I Yield.
Ir. LUCAS. I now repeat the same
question I asked the able Senator in the
beginning: Did the Senator from Wis-
consin, in a speech at Wheeling, W. Va.,
Thursday, February 9. declare that he
had a list of 205 persons working ior the
State Department, who were known by
the Secretary of State to be members oi
the Communist Party?
Hr. MCCARTHY. I may say, II the
Senator is going to mate a i.a_ree oi elm.
I will not yield to him.
Hr. LUCAS. No.
Ir. llcCARTHY. I told him three
times. I read the speech to hing, I bid
him I said there were 5'? Communists in
the State Department. I told him there
were in the State Department 205, who,
according to the President's own Secu-
rity Board, are unsafe risks. They said.
Hr. Secretary, re these men. Dis-
charge them." Be refused to do it. I
quoted Secretary Byrnes' letter, taliini
him to do that. I shall not answer any
more silly questions oi the Senator. This
is too important. too serious a matter for
that. I am trying to set down to the
point oi showing the Senate eases. facts.
and dates. so that the President will ad-
mit that he was wrons. and I hope the
Senator irom Illinois will admit that he
went o hali cocked in Illinois the other
day when he said. as the President said,
iis is all lies, and tried to preiudae
the case.
Mr. LUCAS. llr. President, will the
Senator yield?
Mr. HQCARTHY. I will be alad to
yield tor a question.
Ir. LUCAS. Ihis is pret
the Senator from Illinois, an
raistotheSenate.anditl.sscrio
me eountI'7- The ly thing I am ask-
iam the able Senator is whether the news-
papers misquoted him. The newspapers
quoted him, and there is an editorial in
the Washington Post, which is libelous
II nor true. in which the Senator is quoted
in his speech at Wheeling, W. Va., as
mylng @t he had a list oi 305 persons
working tor the State Department who
were carryins Communist cards. What
I want to know is merely one simple
thins. I did not find anythinz in the
speech to bear out what the newspaper
reported to be t!'l1c- The Senator UHF!
talking about 5'1; the n¢*'IDIlP' says the
Senator said there were 305. 'I1:iat rop-
resents In-lite a dierenee,_and it is oi
importance, whether the'Benator irom
Wisconsin made the statement or did
not make it. Be can answer yea or
es to thee. he mes my that Ln histhe oountry, throuzh the Washinaton
IIIVSPIPCI1. the Iew York n8IIDllP¢1'i.
and the Chicago newspapers, that the
Senator said he could name the 205 who
were oarrrins Communist eards. It may
beasillrouestionintheeyeaotths
Senator from Wisconsin. and that. as he
aaid.Iamt'ryinItomakeaia.rceout
otthisthingbuiltisaaeriouscharae;
the Senate and the country are cmtitled
Kay I anserer tk
Senator's question?
Mr. LUCAS. It is serious to me.
Mr. HcCAR'I'HY. Let me answer the
Bonnier: question. tortbe third time. I
will tell the Senator, and I am now re-
pectin: it, ii the Senator will sit down
and rive me the time to do it. that there
are a. least 51 Communists in the State
Department. I think, without any trou-
ble at all, with sumcient investiaation, we
can nd the 205 for the Senator. As to
what the Washington Post says, I do not
know, and I irenhly do not care. I think
tha! is clear. I will not answer the Sen-
ator a fourth time. I said that I made
apeechm. I have said there were 57
Communists in the State Department.
I wired the President to that eiioct.
Ir. LUCAS. llr. President. will the
Senator yield?
Mr. llcCAR'I'HY. I am not yieldin:
to the Senator now. I have wired the
President to that eect, and I told him
those names wue available to him. I
am now loin; to give the Senate
United SI.-ates the iaei-s. mid I re_c__ -_
so further into the question raised ho
the Senator from Illinois. Let me tell
him now, so there-may be no question in
his mind, I said B7 Communists were in
the State Department. I said there were
305 in the State Department whom the
Secretary of State refused to discharae,
althouah his loyalty board said, Dis-
charie those men." Now, is that clear
to the Senator?
Hr. LUCAS. Ii int is what the Sen-
ator is sartnz. I can understand; but
whatlamtryingtondoutiswhether
newspapers have deliberately distorted
what the able Senator said in his speech.
Mr. McCAR'IHY. I refuse to yic-ld
iu:rther to the Senator.
Hr. LUCAS. I want to iind out.
I Ir. LBIIMAN. Mr. President. will this
Bent!-01' yield for a question?
Mr. llcCAB.'IHY. for a question,
certainly.
llr. LIHMAN.
stand the Senator he has aub-
mittedthenamsaottheolcalutowhich
he refers and the 205 names which are
referred to. not only in the Washiniton
Post but in a number oi other news-
papers. to the State Department? Does
he claim he has submitted the names oi
5'7 and 205. or any substantial number?
Hr. lloCARTHY. The answer to the
Senator is. "No." The answer is "No."
Hr. LBHMAN. Ir. President. will tbs
Senator yield for another question!under-lat.eDepa.rl-
llec||tiveaI-
but sit do
to the Sena
formation he wan
Wisconsin does not
his duty as a Senator
Ltr. LUCAS. Hr.
Senator yield for one question
.92.-tr. um.-.n'rarr. Fe. not nor-':
until I give some cl the information the
Senator is asking for. I will not yid
ior another 15 or 20 minutes. until
set down to the iniormation whi
tryinc to rive the Senate. I
yield any further.
Mr. WHERRY. llr. President. I da-
mand the recular order.
The PRESIDING DHFICKR. The
Senator from Wisconsin will proceed,
Hr. LUCAS. I be: the Benattfs
pardon.
Mr. uccanrnr. I he elm to
yield later to the Senator.
Mr. President, I am going to have Q1.
cuity talkinc. while the Benatqra ara
chatting.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. let there
be order in the Chamber.
arr. aaccarrrnr. I shall be [lad to
yield for 5 or to minutes to let the Sena.-
tors carry on their converntion.
Mr. President. I have before me infor-
mation ram the State Department ies,
information which the President says the
Senate did not have. Having this innar-
m.atlon,itisaseriousqueltionastowha.|
ahouldbedonewithit Ioriyinally
thought possibly we could hope for some
cooperation from the Btate Department
Ind-the President. However, in [ting
overthemateriai andilndincthatalloi
it. oi course. has been available to the
State Department. for it is all trom their
dies, it seemed that nothing would be
lained by eailins it to their attention
again. The President, I ielt. had demm.
mratedhislackotinterestouitethor.
ausbly during ail ibP
I
1950 CON
stances the committee could do very
little, because, if we gave the commit
the names and the information, and the
President mid, "Yep. cams get 2'-13' in-
formation from the State Departmen
les," they would he hamstrung. It was
suggested that I draft a resolution pro-viding that the Comrnltge on Expendi-
tures in the Executive partments, o
some other committee. should have th
right to subpena the secret State De
partment les. That sounds all right o
the face of it, Mr. President, but it is
dangerous to go that far. -
As is well known, during the Coplon
trial the Judge ordered the FBI to sub-
mit Q its secret dies. including th-
sources of information. That informs
tion was made public, and a number o
men in the FBI have stated that it set the
FBI back 10 years. It endangered the
security of some of their best men.g-"' ~ .i-- ii? "ii-~ -'->.---11*" Pm, -us. _. ,..
*'*- r iJ..
yg _,__u92L
ESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 2049
tate Department asked for the names.
ithout being willing to cooperate or to
ork with us, it was saying. "rip us oil;
et us know on who" "-"
oods."
,Q5§g_g,__]_'Ihe names are available.
The senators may have them if they
care for them. I think, however, it
would be improper to make the namespublic Iztil the appropriate Senate oom-
mittee n meet in executive session and
get them. I have approximately Bl
cases. I do not claim to have any tre-
mendous investigative agency to get
the facts, but if I were to give all the
names involved. it might leave a wrong
impression. Li we should lnbel om man
a Communist when he is not a Commu-
nist, I think it would be too bad. How-
ever, the names are here. I shall be
glad to abide by the decision oi the Ben-
ate after it hears the cases, but I thinkha vs the
I nally arrived at the conclusion ""' the sensible thing to do would be to havethat the only way to clean out the State Han executive session and have a proper
Department, or any other Department 1 committee so over the whole situation
which is infested with Communists, is
not by the passage of any additional law.
The only way it can be dons is to secure
the cooperation of the President. If we
could get that, and he says that the in-
Iormation wi.ll be made available so that
trusted stall members could go over the
files, and we can be sure that the sources
of information shall not be disclosed, we
can clean house. I frankly think that is
the only way. In line with that, I de-
cided to submit to the Senate the detailed
cases. Originally I was disturbed that I
might give out information which would
embarrass the investigative agencies by
indirectly disclosing some of their sources
oi information, but I was told, With so
mam commies over here having top posi-
tions. you need not fear giving the in-
formation to the Senate."
I have gone over it. Let me say, be-
fore starting. that I shall submit quite
a large number of names. I think they
are of importance. They all worked ior
the State Department at one time or an-
other. Borne are not there at the pres-
ent time. Many oi them have gone into
work which is connected closely with the
Department. ior example. foreign trade,
and some branches of the Maritime Com-
mission. 7
I shall not attempt to present a de-
tailed case on each one, a case which
would convince a Jury. All I am doing
is to develop suillcieni evidence so that
liione who reads the Rscono will have
a good idea of the number oi Commu-
nists in the State Department.
While I consider them all important,
there are three big Communists involved,
and I cannot possibly conceive of any
Secretary of State allowing those three
big Communists, who are tremendously
important and oi great _value to Russia.
to remain in the State Department. I
do not believe President Truman knows
about them. I cannot help bu ieel that
he is merely the prisoner of a hunch of
twisted intellectuals who tell him what
they want him to know. To those who
say, Why do you not tell the State De-
partment; why do you not give the names
to the State Department?" I say that ev-
erything I have here is from the State
Departments own dies. I felt, when theI was very happy to hear the Senator
from Massachusetts say that he would
move that the Foreign Relations Com-
mittee appoint a subcommittee to go into
the cases. -
The man involved in case No. 1 is em-
ployed in the oillce of an Assistant Sec-
retary oi State. The intelligence unit
ahadowedhim and found him contact-
ing members of an espionage group. A
memorandum of December 13, 1946. in-
dicates that he succeeded in having a
well-known general intervene with an
Assistant Secretary in behalf of one man
who is an active Communist with a long
record of Communist Party connections.
There is another individual who is
very closely tied up with a Soviet
espionage agency. There is nothing in
the le to ihdicate that the general re-
ferred to knew those two individuals were
Communists.
That is a part oi the usual modus
operandi. If there is one Communist in
the Department, he will get some other
individual to recommend another Copl-
munist so that the breed can be in-
creased.
This individual was successful in ob-
taining important positions for other
Communists. They were finally ordered
removed from the Department not later
than November l5 oi the following year.
Subsequent to that time, however, both
oi them still had access to secret ma-
terlal.
,A memorandum of November 2. 1946,
pointed out that this individual and the
previously mentioned Communists whom
he succeeded in having placed were con-
nected wlth an alleged Russian espion-
age agency. Nevertheless. this individ-
ual still occupies an important position
in the State Department. I should like
to point out at this time, however, that
the security group, which was then oper-
ating in the State Department, was ap-
parently doing a good job. It presented
the entire picture to the Secretary oi
State. This individual who, the inves-
tigate agency of the State Department
says, is a Communist, got a general in-
nocently to bring two other Communists, and the public are entitled
o
J that, to the best of his knowledge,
lmoveci. He did not mention anySenatecom0- -a QHr. I..'JC-H ".
Senator yield?
llr. IIOCARTHY. I yield.
Mr. LUCAS. Will the Senator tell as
-the name oi the man for the Hanna?
Wearetitledtoknowwhoheis. I
say this in all seriousness.
that man is, as a result
made by my friend. II he
nist. the Senator from Wisconsin knows
that the Senator from Illinois will so
Tight along with the Senator from Wis-
consin.
Mr. MOCARTBY. 'Ihe Sena
come to my oillloe as soon
receive the names.
Othrough all the cases.
inent oi the Senate
names exposed on the
which would be a very unusual proced-
uralshallbegladtoexposethem. The
question is too important for either the
Senator from Illinois or the Senator
from Wisconsin to make the decision. It
any Senate committee is actually inter-
ated in disclosing the names-
ldr. LANCER. Hr. President. will the
Senator yield further?
Mr. McCAR.I'I-IY. I yield.
Mr. LANGER. The Committee rm the
Judiciary has been investigating commu-
nism more than half the year. I think
the Senator from Wisconsin is entirely
correct. We have never made a name
public unless we had the consent of J.
Edgar Hoover. I, for one, want to be
recorded as absolutely agreeing with the
Senator from Wisconsin.
Hr. HcCAl=tTHY. I thank the Sena-
tor from North Dakota.
The Senator from Illinois knows there
is nothing secret about the names that
he cannothave. Idonotiikethispo-
litical byplay. I1 we continue as we
have been going. the next war will be
lost before we start. I,heard a commen-
tator last night say that Russia has
1,200 divisions, and he stated that there
were 54.000 troops in Albania, indicat-
ing that Russia is about to start the
lighting part of the neat war.
_ It is tremendously important that we
clean out the upionage ring in our State
Department.
Mr. LUCAS. llr. President. will the
Senator yield?
Mr.McC THY. No. Icannot yield
mt this time. e. L.
This is a case which I particularly
invite the Senate's attention. The ies
show two very interesting facts. A
major portion of the tile was removed.
Papers rater to information in the ille
which is nonexistent. Upon
with the keeper of the records. he
major portion of the le had been
but he said, "He was put in some
brass job about 2 years ago."
Iaminclinedtothinkthatthlsindi-
dual's name may be known from
information which I shall give hers.
The le shows two things. Itkl
Q
l"
- ---$9.-my-u -c ,- .... _|...T
I
F
F
Iii
is
rt2050 CON
terial in it, and, aecond-and this is im-
portant--it shows that the Btrrte Depart-
ment and the President had prepared
material which was to be sent to a for-eign government. Ihe fcie showsbefore the material left th_ Btate Depart-
ment it was in the hands of the Kremlin
in Moscow. Do Senators follow
'Ihe State Department's ofn
tive le shows that some aegret
which was being transmitted to
nation. before it even left this
for the other country, shorrm up in
cow. Bo far. that is not too
However. the die shows that this
far individual. who has held one of
most important positions at one of the
listenins posts in Europe. was shadowed
that he was found to have contacted
Soviet agent. and that the Soviet
was then followed to the Soviet
where the agent turned the material
to the Soviet Embassy. Do Senators
low me? This is what the secret BtsteRussia as the ideal. Bo far as
everything in this individuafs file
that he is actively working with
for the Communists.
The individual came to
from Hunllfl in I944.
e was employed as a hiatus and
writer for OIQI, and later y e
International Information and
_l_K_alrs. The repprt of January
lf.f.nscates that he is an active
of a Communist front organisa-
and that he lost his former iob be-
cause of his constant arguments in favor
oi communism. A former employer. ac-
cording to the le. stated that this in-
dividual boasted of being a member of
the . -19
stated that this individual
of his Communist connections
argued that communism was lu-
to democracy. The fourth in-
t said that he constantly arluedand
I i .Department file shows: First. the pepersalpoiitics. and that communism was the
get to Moscow in mme mysterious men- ideal system for this wintry. Too oi
ner. and. second. this individual. who is
now one of our foreign ministers, con-
tacts a Russian espionage agent, and
that agent is followed to the Russian
Embamy. where the material is handed
over. This is no secret to the Butte De-
partrnent.
Incidentally. I might say that I prom-
ised the press I would have copies of this
material for their use. However, in view
of the fact that I have nothing com-
pletely ready at this time. and must re-
fer to the documents before me. wmch
I cannot turn over to the press. I do not
have anything to give them. I am sorry.
I shall try. however, to give them now
the material I have, and shall try totle references on his application for
citizenship were members of at least one
Communist-front organization and con-
-tributors to Communist periodicals. An-
other reference refused to_ recommend
him, questioning his loyalty. and saying
that he was a Communist. Another ref-
erence, of April 24. LM7. showed that this
employee: supervisor in the State De-
partment felt he was a fellow-traveler.
This individual has been contributing to92 the Hungarian Communist magazine.N. 0. K. '92-hVa.rlous memoranda and reports by
e State Department Security Agency
in the ies indicate that no one was
found to question this employee's com-ma-ic the dates and vines Is clear as 192]munisue connection and beliefs.irt . B Ease En. {i This case serves as a verygase :19, {l This individual was born g th thin us mg. .Y.. in 1903. He was em
ployed with OSS in 1942. In 1945 he
was transferred to the State Department
ence. "The State Department's lexamp e of e failure on e part
of the State Department to take any ac-
tion even after conclusive evidence of a
person's Communist activity was shown
agency. Be was born in North Carolinaand assigned to Research and Intellliby the State Department: own security
hows that he is a member of a numbe
of communist-front organizations,
that his pals are known Communists.
The le further shows that this fact
admitted by him. The original report
which this information is contained
dated Juli 3, 1942. The security repo
of April 18, 1946, indicates that numer-
ous witnesses, including college profes-
sors and police officers in California, tes-
tified he was aradical and a fellow trav
eler. He was very frie dly and sympathetic toward Harryxnridges. and
strongly opposed any m ve to deport
Bridges. The report also shows at hewas also a close friend of Ralph¢ried-
man. secretary of the Communist Party
in]Calii'oi'nia. Another security report,
dsteli November 13, 1946. quotes his as-
sociates as saying that he favored the
Chinese Communists to China and fa-
vored Russia in most respects.
The State Department officials them-
selves. according to this report. describe
him as being overly sympathetic to Rus-
sia and the Communist experiment.
This is all a part of the report. Another
Government olcial said the individualin fie was employed by me Por-
elgn Economic Administration from
ugust 1912. to August 1945, and was
then transferred to the State Depart-
ment and placed d In-
telligence.
I shou a ntion, Hr.
esident, to the number of these in-
duals who succeeded in getting into
-search and Intelligence. Research
nd Intelligence, the Voice of America,
Far Eastern Affairs seem to be the
I prime tarets. '
L. The report dated May 4. 1045.111
man's file shows that eight persons. in-
cluding sis college professors at Harvard
University and the University of Call-
fornla. agreed that this individual has
Jtrong communistic leanings. and that
in their opinion he was either a card-
carrying member of the Communist
Party or a fellow-traveler. That is the
opinion of six professors at Harvard Uni-
versity and the University of California.
Bome of the opinions expressed by his
amociat might wdl be read.
A professor at the University of
California stated that he was acquaintedCommunist Party A third inform .
also. P
u iFEBRUARY 20
truathim; he con-
ofllarryridgeaz
cumstanoes would he
to the Government
" A fellow student sta
known him since 1930
him denitely ll I
he felt that this individual -"
ting money from the Communist Party.
and the other students did alio, because
they would say that this individual was
not preaching communism for his health.
but thatitwasabusinesawithhim: that
he would not recommend this individual
to the Government because be feds that
he la a Communist
This individual was discharged from a
Navy school during the war for had
grades and for Communist activities. A
memorandum, dated May 16. IMO. frtln
9-A to the %m of who-cis. states
that an invmtigation discloses evidence
of a material nature tending to affect ad-
versely the loyalty to the United States
and its institutions." This report re-
veals that this individual is unmistak-
ably identtiied with communistic activi-
ties. While the records of the Bureau of
Naval Personnel show that he was liven
a special order discharge in larch 2'1.
1942, under honorable conditions. evi-
dence in his file. all of which is. of course.
available to the Secretary of State. re-
IH-|+h.aIr Ill h nelhsllvlsalnlt Dbl I . Q l_I QB IPQ .
was found that he was an ardent student
of and advocate of communism.
a report. dated March :5, 1041. iodi-
cates that this individual had been ra-
ceiiftna mail from the Soviet ltmbas.
as well as communistlc publications.
An oicial of a Washington. D. C. univer-
sity stated that he had hired this indi-
vidual to conduct a class in Chinese. but
later learned that he was closely con-
nected with oommunistic groups on the
west coast. Pour members of the faculty
at the Umversity of Cahiornia confirmed
this individual: communistic leanings.
All of the above information was brought
to the attention of the top olcials in the
Btate Department in a memorandum
summarizing the case in 1947. with the
recommendation that he be immediately
discharged. The State Department re-
fused to discharge him because it was
not pl-oven that he had committed any
overt act. Bub-sequent to this time. this
individual argued often and heatedly ln
favor of a Communist regime in China.
He admitted having been a subscriber to
the Daily Worker.
Let me repeat for the benet of the
Senate. the State Department refused to
discharge this individual because he had
not been shown to have committed any
overt act. despite the fact that the Statewould ha
Q o5 - . .
_.,- J,'r|- !"- i k i...92.:__ ;{@Q =;y¢_:i .1. .-.;--e-1' Q - . _ .- , . 92____92_ M, b 0
- -. .~u.L Rncoao-sniiiie, _ zos1 . .JUi92
subscriber to the Dally Worker; despite
the {act that six professors at Harvard
and the University of California agreed
that he was a pa.y member or fellow
traveler ; despite the fact that a iellow
student who knew him well stated that he
would not recommend h.@:: for a lob in
the Government DBCQUSSQI his commu-
nistic activities. This man, the State
Del-ytmeni says, mint he kept on be-
cause he has committed no "overt" act.
The State Department's own Security
Board then submitted four subsequent
reports, the rst one dated Septemberwhich are named by the Attorney Cen-
eral as having been Communist fronts.
This individual admits membership in
the 'z'oung in the other
Communist-front organisations. bi-itciaims to have changed his view atone
that time, and thereiore was given p
secret clearance by the State Depart-
ment. I may say incidentally I am-using
the pronoun he in all 1.-heme ihleein li-
though Ema o! the individuals are not
oi the male sex.gase No. ?,"Ihls individual was bqifn018 H in ew__gr _ity1n 1__ . ewas em-I2. 1947, in an attempt to convince tbe>Ioyed as an economist and analyst with
Department that this man was danger-
ous and should be discharged Subse
quently this man's position was abol
ished. However, he was not discharge
Listen to this. His position was abol
ished. but what happened then?- He w
transferred to the Division oi Research
replacin: an employee who, so for *
I can learn, had an excellent record, an
Whose loyalty was in no way questioned
This in spite of the fact that a Stat
Department olcial whokzoew him and
worked with him in China as well as in
this country. said he wasand this is
what a State Department omcial said
about this man, whom the Department
refused to discharge, whom they shifted
over to another job where he bumped
another worker--the State Department
oiilclal said he wu mediocre, dull, and
incompetent. so his only qualication
was his communistic connections. This
aame State Department olcial said,
This is the only man in the Government
of whom I would speak uniavorably."
Keep in mind that under the McCar-
ren hl, e very wise piece of legislation,
the Secretary of State has the absolute
unquestioned right to discharge a man
oi this kind. 50 the Secretary could
have discharged him as rst recom-
mended. Pour times bluntly they have
said, "Get rid of this man His superior
officer says he is dull and incompetent,
but ior some reason or other he is
lent on.
Another State Department olcial sal
that he considered this individual ex
tremely weak as to ability. I beiiev
h um"-*""y m comment on_the
tude oi the State Department in
case. Certainly it is an attitude whic
triahtens me and bodes ill tor the iutur
of the United States.
Another egg Q case No. 6. This indi-
is th t e 1 Ce tral
o o n _
A |¢¢m-jg; fq55pr'i{F_-1 De-,would have this individual therein, lass. describes her as being ggoeeohes for him ii he lr-new itand as advocating that we substi- 92m-BO!-11 the indiylili-ill referred $0 I-lid
conditions in Russia i or those in the wile-this is in the le or the investi-he O55 in th¬"B'i.Tte Department from
uneii. Previous to that time he
rked for the War Produc_tigg__Board.
e was assianed aIaln fo Hesearch and
ntelligence in the State Department.
his man. aocordiria to the State De-
rtment files, was an activemember of
a number of I.-omuniet-trout or:"_..._.'""
ions, win a very ¬.'iose-le'nH'i':! several
men who are under suspicion by the FBI
of being connected with Russian espio-
nase oases and has two brothers who
h bee tn-
92munist Party.
I may say e of
these individuals whose cases I am sivlng
the Senate are no longer in the State
Department. A nimble number oi them
are not. Bome oi them have transferred
to other Government work, work allied
with the State Department. Others
have been transferred to the United Na-
tions. But I think the eases are im-
portant whenever we nd that an indi-
vidual, despite his Communist connec-
tions, bas been aiven top-secret clear-
ance. That gives an idea what is
Ioins on.
I-lere is one which I think the Senate
will enjoy:guise No. 0. This individual. alter in-
es n. as not given security clear-
ce by the Qtate Department. After
ailing to olfmin clearance by line Estate
Department he secured a lob in the Oiee
of the Secretary of Defeme. And where
do Senators think that man is today?
Heisnowaspeechwriteri.uthe_W_l_1_ite
House. That is oaw1l'o.iI. I willsecure
gm; g92_gg'g hfn
Bo tha ere
this, we will refer directly to
satlve tile. I think I am do
man a favor by tellini him this.
not thlnkheknowsit Idonot
United States. She takes a very active Iative aaencyare members oi Com-part in the conferences of the UP92i'iA,-_x!l1un18i-_¥I'0!!l_i 0r8aniza§I§il5- He B75 I
which has been picked up oy the Cl0_ ,-..-elitive iho has a nnancial interest. in
actively opposed the President's loyalty the Daily Worker. But in any event the
'e.
all the
with FEE from August 194-I to
1HE"and then transferred to
State Department as an eeonomls
individual Is a member£1__the
Communistlieagu Fe was anili-but has been given top secret 92-State Department used Iood iudament
This . individual has a right to ti-oi. to clear this individualsecret; documents. h individual is in the
This individual was iograp cal__ igrmatipn Division of the
ggggggligt. to argue; iaieU§B§ment."Her husband signed
C6isi"uEEt' Party election petition,
stating he was a member thereof. Bhe is
active in the UPWA. The mere tact that
her husband was a Communist may not
make her a Communist but she also . - , I-I! casewon low "mi vrvmuom @m "W* *° "him rm of "Mr "WmCase No. 1 This individual was anm from so, ms to August
1945. and was [email protected]:a-llaision
men alter Ausust 1945. He is a closeI .at M and nas
itwould agoodldeliliihe
would take over in this country. is s
reaular reader of the Daily Works
This lhfililiel is not In the State
paztment at this time. but has a lob
the CIA as oi today. Here is what
nd.""Buch individuals use the State
Department as a stepping stone to some
other agency. This man. who pa
around with Communists. who is satis-
Ile. accordina to the ies of the State
Department, that Communists should
takeoverthisoountry.isnowintheCen-tral Intelli enoes agency.
Case No. 12. This individual started as
w at the White
om there be moved e: to
the Soviet Ealliaw and obtained a lob
I-I lsglkfant egtor. Prom there he
transIe:r_§i'£o"EEe State Department
so far as I can discover, transferred
there to a section of the
pertinent. with which the
Ill!" Willis. where he remained
"91!-| milllih I80. Where he is
l-0415! I frankly do not know. I
this is a rather lnterntlng shift, however
from White House to the Soviet, gm.
.::':*1}:;.* .:E.*2.*:2sP-====*- =0 "=-vvauuscsvc LICPI-Il|l.I.lI:.l].L.
.i=.-=1 .;o "i.'i3""£i" *- :...*='=.- rve oer er -tion and'i!uln.irai Egg .9-
pointed to this position in September
. Elly. when
et1947. and assianed to llilan I
he took nart in the educatlong
This individual spent time in Sovi
siainlasantemberoithe
imions delegation to Boyle!
which detention was repudiated
llam Green, president or the a, _ or 1,,
Ft '1" '-1".=.P°!=*°i2 °='I!=~i==!- and mem-
IIEI, IKDQCLIYBLY, OI Ylflmjg nmnnjj.!m . He has been cited
by y orker a number oi times
torhiswork. ~'I'hereoords oi'tbeindus-
trial detail oi the Chicago police
ment list him as a Communist as early
liliitl. I!-is man's tile mews !_hetlmem=Rus-do.
Us-v
bers oi the churches in Italy and high
ollcials oi the National Catholic Welfare
Council obiected to his being assigned
to educational duties in Italy. basing this
obiection upon his oosnmunistic activi-
ties. Lt Col. Gayre, of the British Army.
who was this individual: supervisor in
Italy. indicated that he was a wild lett-
ist theorist, who would veer entirely to
the left ii liven the opportunity. This in-
dividual is described as a pedantic, tedi-
ous, conceited, impractical, pmnpoiis
man.andthlsappliestoaomi.nyof
them, a man who would mloy the pleas-
ures oi the right, but POD1-liarity with the
leit..ae.ll.o_l.1.&'1his is a ease oi nreanlre
from a high S te Department oilolalto
obtain security clearance for an indi-
vidual with a bad background irom
standpoint of security. Be was;l/d.l0
..- r ;' ' ~..- , ~"
2052 ' %'GItESSl0NAL RECOL. ..._.-i-iii" Fnnaulunr 20
oloers will Int when therrihat someoi these very unusual are ao-
ina to lose their jobs. He as appointed
mnwmmuiusmidnmnwrmu
Slate Department. - report 1':-om an-
other Government investisai-ins aaency
under date of January I, 1948, advised
that the subject should be"diamiased as
a bad security risk beciuarhe was
azrantiy homoserual. He had ox-
tremeiy close connections with other in-
dividuals with the same tendencies, and
who were active members oi Communist-
trnnt oiwanlaations, lncludinc the Youn:
Communist League.
I think this is intetesttnll. Ill. Prui-
dent. I asked one oi our top intellisence
men in Washington, one day, Why do
you iind men who are so fanatically Com-
munist? Is there somethinz about the
Communist philosophy that attracts
them?!
He mid, Senator hlcCaarnv. ii you
had been in this wort as ions as we have
been, you would realize that there is
something wrong with each one rd thess
individuals You will nd that practi-* t *4" caily overyactive Coinmunisvtls twisted
medially or physically in some way."
The State Department's own security
aaency recommended the discharge oi!
this employee on January 22. 1946. On
February 19. 1946. this individuals serv-
ices were terminated with the State De-
partment. Subsequently on April 1.
1946, the action discharging this indi-
vidual was rescinded and he was rein-
stated in his lob in the State Depart-
ment. I.nthiscs.seaC5Areportoi
September 2. 1947, is replete with infor-
mation covering the attempt of a hish
State Department otlicial to induce sev-
eral individuals who had signed aiiidavits
reection adversely upon the employee
to repudiate their amdavits. The ale
shows that that lush State Department
employee even went out and personally
contacted the individuals who signed me
aldavits, and asked them, "Won't you
repudiate them?
This individual. according to the secu-
rity tiles or the State Department. was a!vary close associate of active wet
aaents. As to whether he is in the te
Department at this time or not. I tranlzly
do not know. but in view oi fact that hi
was reinstated. I assume that he is.
A while ago the Senator lrom Nehraaka
asked whether I would yield while he
auaaested the absence oi a quorum. I
ahail be glad to do so now. However. if
theBenatorthi.nksitlsnotposlihleto
obtain a quorum at this ti|ne
Mr. WHERRY. Ir. President. if the
Senator will yield to me at this time.
let me say to the majority leader that I
do hot wish in disrupt the program. I
wish to cooperate with the maiorlty
leader in carrytns on_ the session.
I said then. and I say now, that these
charges are very serious. It there is a
desire to have a quorum cal! now. I shall
he alad to have one. l
Mr. llcCARIHY. I may say that I
have Just received a note that the ma-
jority leaderI am not criticirlns him
Ior doing sohas informed all Senators
on his side oi the aisle that there will
not be a vote tonight. and that there is
no reason tor Senators to remain here.and that there will be no
I amume he did not do that
did not want Senators on his
aisle to hear the charzes. I assume h
merely wanted to give them an oppor-
tlmitr to so to dinner. However, I have
no desire to present what I retard as
I.mPOI'tI-nt information heiors a hali-
lmpty Senate.
On the ;I.hcr hand, if the majority
leader thinks there is not a possibility
oi obtainlna s quorum. because oi the
advice given to Senators on his aide oi
the aisle, I shall he [lad to yield tor a
motion to take a recess until tomorrow.
In other words. I do not agree to my.
ing the majority dismissed by the ma-
jority leader.
llr. LUCAS. Hr. President. ii the
Senator will yield to me, I told Senators
that there would not he s vote tonlsht
upon the cotton bill which is the pend-
ing question. Had I known that there
would have been any question about a
Qorum call, I certainly would have had
Senators remain here, to be present to
answer to a quorum call. it not to listen
to the Senators address.
We have now continued until 7:80 in
the eveninl. .
In view of the statement about havins
a nieht session and in view of the work
thatisbetm-ans.Ihadhopedthattha
Senator from Wisconsin would conclude
his remarks toniaht.
~11 he does not conclude his remarks
totiiaht. but expects to resume them to-
morrow, hs certainly will not have any
time then. because or the unanimous
consent atreement which has been en-
tered in regard to a vote at I o'clock
on Senate bill 75. .
Hr. hlcCARTH'Y. Let me inquire of
the malorlty leader whether the infor-
lnation I have received is correct. Did
the Benator advise Senators on his aide
ottheaislethattherewssnoreaaon
for them to remain. that he would assure
them there would be no quorum call and
no vote!
lr.I.-iJ'CLB.Ididnotaasuratl1em
that there would be no quorum call.
All that Senators on this side oi the
aisle asked me was whether there would
be a_ vote tonight. I said, No. that the
Senator from Wisconsin was loin; to
take the iioor. and probably would occupy
thetiooi-for-I orihmlraaslhadbaen
intormed; and I said, I will stay here,
aodihopeeveryoneeisewhowantsto
hear the Senator will stay here as lie dis-
cusses this very important question."
Butsoi'arasavotswascocncerned,1
advised all Senators who asked me. and
I advised the minority leader so that he
oouldad1riseSenato1'sonhlssldeoithe
aisle.t.hatthei-ewouldbeoovote unthe
pendins question toniaht.
But I certainly hope the Senator from
Wisconsin will proceed, because be la
inakin: a very important address, and
the country is interested in lt, and what
few Senators are here now are interested
in it; and I doubt whether there will be
more Senators here day alter tomorrowlrolnwiscoosinisdiscinsina. Hialea-
atorIromOleaonhaslnatreentaradt-beChamber. and I know he h toyingashell the attendance oi Senatorsa ttle. --
Thelenatorlrmnliebralka llr.K'l-
asslisalsoraenterinathehsmberaow,Io-haerve. '
I|lr.W'BIl'-'l.R. tlsa
Senator from
aaain. 10 or
Chamber at
otherddman
atalinshereto
from Wisconsin.
Senatorinrenrdonlyloaicalthioz
tobeinthepoai
lority ieaderto
Idoanowtha
told llemberson
inmypreaen
svotetonig
soon as the Senator reaches
ere he can conveniently sua-
remarks tmtil tomorrow-
Ir. Presidt, I
oi the majority
ty leader
oi a
es to
move that recess until
tomorrow. __ _
. Ithinkltisveryimus'ua1,iii
Senator: declaration oi his
this subject, for the malority
dismiss Senators on his aide of th
or encourage them to leave the Chamber
I think the sublect now under dis-
. -.. 1'. s_.A._ ,,_.,_-J, ..,...._. it-,3»-9.4-_vo_gapr-m..g,,_ _ -=--a ,-.
rt, - _
C.
1950 CONGRESSIONAL RECORDSENATE - 2053
thisaideoftheaisleareincleaningllll
that situation.
But I do not like the information I
have received, name_ir. that the Senator
irom linois has advised Senators on
his side of the aisle to leave. If the
information I have received is not cor-
rect. I should like to knof it.
Hr. LUCAS. Mr. President, will the
Senator yield?
Mr. LlcCA.R'IHY. 1 am glad to yield.
Hr. LUCAS. It is ciutomary here. as
the Senator from Wisconsin knows, that
when Members oi the Senate inquire
whether there is to be a vote on the
pending quatlon at a certain time. ii it is
known that there is not to be a vote at
that time, the reply is "No." Oi course.
im.mediate1y'such Senators leave, as the
Senator knows: and no doubt the Ben-
ator irom Wisconsin himself has done
that many times since he has been a
Member of the Benate. Whenever the
minority leader tells Senators on his side
of the aisle that there is not going to
be a vote on the pending question, theydo not usually remain to hexutha speech
oi the Senator from Wise in or the
apeech of the Senator from Illinois on
any subicct. regardless oi how important
it may be.
1'he Senator from Wisconsin should
not think he has any monopoly on tight-
ing communism in this country. and he
cannot by implication or by innuendo
attack the Senator from Illinois with re-
apect to cleaning out the State Depart-
ment. I have told the Senator before.
and I repeat it now, that whenever the
Senator names names and presents con-
clusive information before the proper
committees. or if he will do it now before
the Senate. if he desires. and if what he
aays is substantiated. I will go arm in
arm with my good friend the Senator
tram Wisconsin in assisting in cleaning
out any Communist nests in the State
Department or in any other branch of
the Government.
The Senator from Wisconsin knows me
well enough to know that I was ghting
communism long before the Senator from
Wisconsin was, because I am several
years older than he is. But the matter
is so important that it seems to me pve
mould have this entire stor! BOW" 14
us get all the information and all the
facts in the Racoao at this particular
time; and the Senator can. by unanimous
consent. oer and introduce into the
Raooan anything he wishes to. Let him
put all of it in. and then ask for a meet-
ing. either before a special committee of
aome kind or- before the Foreign Bela-
tions Committee or the Judiciary Com-
mittee, and go thorouahly into the things
the Senator is talking about.
Iamalli'ortbat.IaaytotheSenatortrcm .I!iscon!.'.in.
Hr. MCCARTHY. Ir. President. will
the Senator aaree"wil.h me that in view
oi the facts that I have presented. it ia
absolutely necessary that we have a com-
plete and thoroughly investigation oi this
matter by a Senate committee?
Mr. LUCAS. I am in favor of a oom-
plete and thorough investigation or what
I0. I5---1theenatorhasaaid: andlhopetha
Foreign Relations Committee or some
other committee will lring the Senator
immediately before it and will interro-
iite him under oath with respect" " to what
he has presented here. The Senator
should name names before that commit-
tee. because he has laid-
Mr. l£cCAR'IHY. Hr. Prelident, Isuggest %; absence of a quorum.
Hr. L AB. llr. President, the Sena-
tor yielded to me.
llr. llfoCAR'I'HY. Mr. President, I.
suggest the absence of a quorum.
llr. LUCAS. I will let a quorum. ti
that is the caae.
Hr. McCAB'I'HY. I1 the Senator feels
that he will embarrass aitori an his
side of the aisle by calling a quorum.
I will yield while he moves that the
Senate take a recess until tomorrow.
Let me lay this, llr. President, in View
of the attitude or! the Senator from
Illinois. who last week. before he knew
fny of the evidence. went to Chicago.
where he laid. Senator l|lcCaa'rlnr ia
111118: there is not a aingle Communist
in the State Department."
llr. LUCAS. Mr.?rcaident.I--
are lloCAR'IHY. Wait a minute. let
me nnlsn. He said there was not a
word of truth in what I said. He aaid
if he had said what I aaid about therebeirll 5'%Communista in the State De-
partmen , he would be ashamed the rest
oihislife. He nowleemstothlnkthis
should be made a trial of the man who
1-I Glazing out the Communists, instead
of the Communists. It we are to in-
dullle in such tactics I want the entire
Senate present to hear it.
Mr. LUCAS. Hr. President. I will
move to recess until tomorrow. if the
Senate wishes that to be done.
Mr. DWORSHAK. Mr. Presidentwill
the Senator yield?
Mr. McCARTHY. I am glad to yield.
Mr. IJWORSHAK Bo far as the
Junior Senator from Idaho is concerned,
hehasbeengladtoremainontbehoor
to listen to these important revelations
of the Senator from Wisconsin, because
the Senator from Wilconsin. in his re-
marks. has shed some light upon the
possible reasons for the State Depart-
ment: foreiirn policy in China during
the Dist fell-"years. which possibly lusti-
ed the inltration of communism with-
in China, to such an extent that it may
nowbetoolatetopreaentthisveryrital
information to one oi the committees
oftheenate. Itistoolatenowto
counteract and nullify that insidious
State Department inuence. through
acorea and scores of Communists and
fellow travelers who have been respon-
aible, even under Secretaries oi State
like General llarshall. We realise that
only recently J. Edgar Hoover made the
public statement that in this count-I!
today there are 540.000 communists and
fellow travelers. So I think. the Amer-
ican people are entitled to have a com-
plete exposure of the torcea within the
Statebeparunent Ifthereianotruth
or iustiiication in what the junior Sein-
torfromwiaoonsinhasbeentellingthia
hdy this evening. then -the Americanpeople abould know the truth. But at
a time when every American recognises
ttntweareatthemercyoiaabotaging
by those who have been placed on high
leli in the State 'l'.=e~par-orient ar-1 .-..rie;-*-
branches of the executive department,
it behooves ua not only to spend t1I.000.-
000.000 or a14.000,000.000 annually all
the national deienae. but it to the duty.
the obiigationI believe the American
people join with me in making the atta-
lnent that it is the oblia'ltiono! the
President of the United States. who it
alone responsible tor the selection of
time ociais, through the Secretary oil
state, to mate a nousecleaning, an that
we may proceed to build up the security
end deien-_=-es cl! Lhe -.--_'92u'=t_ry. to me
tbatweaiaybepreparedincaaewe
ahouid be the victims at Communist
aggrmaion in the months ahead.
I wish to compliment the ilmior Sen-
ator from Wisconsin on the revelations
he is mating at this time. Notwith-
atandirigthefactthatthereareenirirely
too few Members of this body psreaent, it
la encouraging to note that ao many
members oi the press and radio galleries
are present. I believe they recognize
that the American people want the facts.
molmh. now. it may be late to
clean our house oi the rats and aaboteura
who are a constant menace to the safety
of the Republic.
Mr. McCA.R'IHY. I thank the Sma-
tor.
Mr.L.EHMAN. Mr.Prcsldent,w1l1tbe
Senator yield?
llr. atecanrny. No; I do not yield.
The PRESIDING OITICER. The
Senator declines to yield. _
Mr. MUCARTHY. Ill. President, 1.,
have decided it may be well to complete
the present-.aii_on oi the mic toni___Iht. but
Iamnotgoingtoapeaktoaneanpty
chamber. I am going to suggest the
absence oi a quorum. and then proceed
to develop all the facts. I auggut the
atnenoe of a quorum.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The
aecretary will call the roll. _
Hie roll was called, and e followingSenators answered to their games:
alkm Iayden llcdailananamon Iendricllaon arsramceIutiar IIH lltirray '
9=I'§°'=Darby merr lmltn.Donnell LahtnanDworahak I-ucaa
Eton Hocarthy Itliiania
The PRESIDING OFFICER. A quo-
rum ia not present. 'Ihe clerk _wlll call
the names of the absent Senators.
The leaishtive clerk called the names
of the absent Senators: and Mr. Cara-
aaa1-,Mr.Fm.auon-r,alr.Hon,llr.Bot.-
un, Mr. aioasa, air. Roaal:l.i.. and Mr.
Boson-rar. answered to their names when
called.
_ e 'i=R a.SE1?iG GI92'E."n.. 5 diso-aaazne
QaramanIhorry
-1»--...I2054 coNd..L:ss1oNsL nEc0Ro_sE1~ni'r£ Funnier to
Ir. LUCAS. I shall not debate: I shall
only make a statement.
Mr. l!cCAR'I'HY. Hr. President, un-
less I can make a statement also. I shall
call ior the regular order. It the Sena-
tor from Illinois is Ioinl to make a state-Erlgit, I want an opportunity to answer
Mr. LUCAS. ll.r.Pi-mident. I movethat the Sergeant at A.rm.2be dtrectedti: request the attendance oi bsent Sena-rs.
The motion was agreed to.
The PRESHJING OFFICER. The
Sergeant at Arms will execute the order
01 the Senate.
After a little delay. Hr. I-naoaa, Mr.
Curl. Mr. Lone, Mr. S-ramns. and Mr.
Kncoar entered the Chamber and an-
swered to their names.
Hr. LUCAS._ I move that the Senate
adjourn until ll o'clock a. m. tomorrow.
III. CAIN and other Senators re-
quested the yeas and nays.
The yeas and nays were ordered; and
the legislative clerk proceeded to call
the roll.
Mr. KILGORFI Mr. President--_
The PRESHJDIG OFFICER. The
Senator from West Virginia. I. i
Mr. KILGORE. I nd from readini
the newspapers that the wet lens-on ll
drivin: the pintails north.
Hr. IVES. Ill. President. what ia the
result?
III. W'ILLl.AM$. Mr. President. what
ll the result oi the vote?
llr.COl=tDON. ll:-.Preaident,hnw am
I recorded as voting?
The PRELSIDDQG OFFICER. The
Senator from Oregon is reoorded as vot-
ing in the atrmetive.
III. CORDON. I vote "nay."
llr. IVES. What is the result, llr.
President?
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The
derl is still tallylnt.
Hr. LUCAS. I announce that the
Senator from New lleaieo Mr. Arron-
loltl. the Senator from Virginia [ML
Bnnl. the Senator from Illinois Mr.
Ibocusl, the Senator ti-om North Caro-
lina liar. Gauml}, the Senator from
llinneeota lldr. Hmcrnurl, the Sena-
tor trom Pennsylvania mi-. llrsasl, the
Senator from Florida lllf. Pnraa], and
the Senator from Maryland {Mn Tro-
nn:-sl are ehsent on puhhe 7
The Senator from Oklahoma Hr.
Tamas} is absent by leave oi the Senate.
The Senators from Connecticut lhlr.
Hanoi: and Mr. Iiictlsnorll. the Sen-
ators from Kentucky Illr. Cnanum
and Mr. Wrmsas]. the Senator from
New Mexico llir. Cluwaz], the Senators
Ir-om Texas lllr. Oonunr and Mr.
Jomlsonl the Senator Iroin California
ilir. Downrl, the Senators from Ilia-
aiasippi Mr. E45-nun and llr.Sn:mua1.
the Senator from Louisiana lllr. luau-
I'll!-
I-In on}. the %nater 2% min:-e
hull. the Senator Iron: Oeorria lldr.
Gaoaosl, the Senator from Iowa lldr.
Gn.u:rral. the Senator; from Rhoda
Island iltr. Gaza:-I andllr. Launl, the
Senator trom Alabama illr. Hnal, the
Senators irom Wyoming liar. Hm:-r and
Mr. Oiimownl, the Senators iroin
South Carolina [Hi-. Jomearoa and Mr.
Manuntl. the Senators from Tennessee
[Mi-. Kumovaa and Mr. HcKau.Aal. theSenator from Wash!-D81-Oil DB. HAGU-
aoa], the Senator from Nevada lllr.
MoCiaaml, the Senator from Welt Vir-
ltuia ildr. Naaurl. the Senator troln
Maryland thlr. OCoiroa], the Senator
trom Idaho tldr. Tirroal, and the Sen-
frorn Utah iiir. "Iiois|l are ii-
avoldabLv detained.
ltr. WI-IERRY. I announce that the
Senator trom New Hampshire Mr.
Bamoasl and the Senator rrom NorthDakota Ilkfoouol are absent by leaveor the Sen . - e
The Senator Irom Iowa tldr. Exclai-
rooraal is absent on odlclal business.
The Senator from lllchizan lllr.
Vurnaruaaal-is necessarily absent.
The Senator ti-om Maine llr. Suw-
s'rall_ the Senator from Ohio illr.
Balcxnl, the Senator Iron: Nebraska
[Min 'Bu'n.aal , the Senator from Vermont
lllr. Furmnsl. the Senator rrom Call-
tornia [ML Krvowuurnl, the Senator
from Nevada Hr. Mimosa], the Senator
Iroin Pennsylvania llitr. llnrnll. the
Senator from Colorado [Ii-. Hruarnrl,
tle Senator from South Dakota Illr.
Mtnnarl. the Senator from Massachu-
setts [Mr. Satroulraanl. the Senator
from New Jersey fir. San-ml. the Sena-
tor tron: Minnesota lllr. 'Imral. and the
Senet-or from Dir. Wnxrl are
detained on olcial husinesa
The Senator from lichilln THY. I'll-
oosoul. the Senator from South Dakota
illr. Gmwrrl. the Senator from Indiana
[Mi-. Janna], the Senator from Missouri
[H1-. Ens], the Senator from Massachu-
setts Illr. I.-onoal, the Senator from New
Hampshire lldr. Toltrl. and the Senator
from Utah rm-.wmous1 are absent on
public business.
The result was announced-7eaa ll,
nays 18. as follows:
TlAS" ii
Pulbriaht
Hayden
Hoey
lollandlilzore
lrehinan
LnIllLuoaa
Johnson. Colo. lloalian
Ian-
Allan
Cain .
Caoehart
Obrdon
RIB!Donnell
Anderson
lemon
BrewsterIrlcher
Irldlel
Butler
Byrd
1950 UUNuitl:.'s's1ul92lAl. ite.cunuennaie. .,...,.,
Hr. LUCAS. I shall speak on mytime. 01:1The PRESIDING OFFICER.
point oi order has been withdrawn. The
Senator from Wisconsin is recognized.
Hr. McCAR'I'I-IY. Mr. Prmident, for
the benet of those Members of the Sen-
ate who were not present earlier in the
evening. I have given detailed records
oi certain individuals in the State Dc-
pertment who have very definite com-
munlstic connections. I explained to the
Senate earlier in the evening that I
would not take the tima to make out a
court case against eacheperson referred
to. I am pointing out facts so that there
may be a convening of one of the appro-
priate committees to make a thorough
investigation.
As I explained earlier, there is a serious
question whether I should disclose
names to the Senate. I frankly feel. in
view oi the number of casestherc are
I1 casesthat it would be a mistake ti
publicly disclose the names on the oor.
I shall be willing. ha-Dill-'. and eager
lo before any committee and gives th
names and all the information available
I shall refuse to give the source of the
information. however. _I know the State
mp.-irtment is very eager to imosv he-v
I have secured all this information. -
know that the jobs of the men who-helped me secure this raaterial would
he worth nothing if the na es were given.
If it were not for some good, loyal Ameri-1_' yearandaquarterlater,therewas
- aothinl in the file to indicate whether
the individual was with the Department
or what the nal action was in his case.
later learned that B months after the
riglnal recommendation of dismissal
as made. he anally resigned. He was
ot discharged. He resigned on Decem-
r 13. 1941'. Plor what Federal alency
he is working at this time, I frankly donnl Pnnw 1' hnisn -l!_sa!ggl'iQ_mg! In BI. Q1!-age vb aauvn. . L-=1-u -v-_ |r--w vv -92-or ..._.u.' 'onctknow. Letmecheckonthe
.ase.ifImay,aothatwemayhave
. alormation on it that may be avail-
able. He is in the Oflce of Inforlnatldn
and Educational Exchange, What he is
doinl there. I do not know.
w nww-calomany ep yeesin eew2%: odlce of om rim is mkg
nformation from the Civil Service Com-
ission. It has been very helpful, but
here are so many individuals of the
me name that the Commission has had
ilcult in furnishing the information.
ase This individual signed an
davit saying that he was a member of
he Communist Party. He did this on
everahseulrsfnns. This was not a non-
Communist afhdavit; it was a Commu-
nist affidavit. This file is rather signi-
ant. in that the reviewing olcer in this
ase indicated that n this employee
tlfled to a change of heart, he would
ve received top-secret clearance. In
ther words, if this man had said. "I have
ow reformed." the security omcer felt
e was bound to give him top-secret
clearance. This. of course. seems un-
usual to but i Communist, who has.
I course. no respect for the oath. which
onsists of swearing before the Creator
that he will tell the truth, the whole
truth, and nothing but the truth, is edu-
; to the idea that_there is no Su-
cans in the State Department/and there xprgmg Bell-1g_ 3.Q_ qbvjougly, gn 9;},
are many of themI should not have
been able to present this picture to the
Benate tonight. The vast majority oi
the employees of the State Department
are loyal. and I think the President
should see to it that their good names
are not tarnished.
I told the Senate earlier this evening
that I have what I call the Big 'I11r
No. 1, No. 2. and -No. 81. I feel that
if those individuals are removed fro
the State Department we shall have gone
a considerable distance in breaking the
Department.
I also told the Senate earlier that I92'n-ieans nothing to him. I think the re
viewing authority in the State Dep
ment should bear that fact in mind.
Qase g, IQ. This individual w
horoughiy investigated before beln
ired on December 26. 1946. While t
.le indicates mat this woman wasommunist, I am not too sure that ah?
as not a psychopathic case. She was
ired when the le showed a great deal
f Communistist activity on her part.
Case No. 19. This le is rather a
engthy one."' It shows many Communist
'orklng for the Government today. I2
ave been able to secure that much in- Qhiii of the ishionage rias i i-1""= 57-iiéiarty connections The individual is
have no way oi knowing denitely which
of the State Department. I know theformation. Whether he is in the State
Case No. 20. This individuals leof these persons are still in the emplozm-ma;-gmgng 1 fr;-11;]; do not know
have all been there at some time. A
sizable number is still there.§ This individuals file
perhaps e argest, physically, of th
files in the CSA. Among other things,
the nle reects that this individual r_-nished material to known Soviet ego
rinse agents and that he had constant
contacts with a long list of Communlst
and suspected Soviet agents. On Jill
2't."1tl0,-rrechmn-Ienttlon of dismiss
was made. Nothing was done. In Sep
tember 1946 there was a request fo
further information. even though at thah nectiom with a. number
1' Commumsr-tronforganlzations. The
ndividual, his sister. and his father
pent some time in mental institutions.
he report, which is dated July '1, 1941.
hows that his mental health -is un-
table. This man is still in _tl;|,:_epgrt-
nent iS of today.
Mr. DONNELL Hr. President, will
the Senator yield?
Mr. McCAR'I'HY. I yield.
Mr. DONNELL. Does the Senator
have any information as to the type of
responsibility the last-named individualtime the records showed that he waqhas in the State Department? Inother
furnishing secret material to known
Communist agents. '
On July 24. the State Department's
own security unit furnished detailed evi-
dence showlna that this man was fur-
nishing secret material to Ltown espo-
nage agents. He had top-secret clear-ance. ' ;-'
In September further information waswords does he do janitorial work or1 supervisory work. or lust what kind ofgwork does he do?
Mr.92!cCAR'II-IY. Idonotknow. The
information was not in the le. I was
curious %ut that ,"!"-""Jt".i1=J QJ%t!0!i
myself. I was told that he had top-
lecret clearance. That would indicate
that he was handling rather importantrequestedctcber 15, 1947, nearly documents. Frankly, what wo-
I ' ' 92 *First, the character reference I from
another known Communist. In nth:
words,the.loshowa.ineect,thatltha
case of You recommend me; I'ilreo:m-
mendycu. Soitisacaaeofcommiea.
or persons with Communist cotgectiona.
recommending each other. Tbue is
nothing in the le which indicatu the
pioyees' activiti beyond a period
several years prior to the employment.
Ir. DONNELI. llr. President. will
the Senator yield? _
llr. LlcCARTH'Y. I yield.
llr. DONNELL Does the Senator
mean that he does not know what the ac-
tivities are of these persons in the De-
partment of State, or that hedoea not
know their prior activities?
llr. HcCl92.EtTH'Y. I know that their
alvities in the %a.-tment were with
the Voice of America in the New York
ranch.
Mr. DONNELL. I mean, in what type
f work are they engaged? r
Mr. IRCARTHY. As to this particu-
rcaseldonotknow. Ishallcometo
ne, case No.81, but let me read that
ow for the benet of the Senator.
Mr. DONNELL. I was wondering
whether the Senator would permit use
to ask another question.
Mr. McCAR'I'HY. Yes.
Q. wm the Semtor Q
kind enough. if he thinks it advisable.
to give us from time to time, as he goes
through the cases, information as to the
type of work or the type of responsibility
with which the individual is charged?
kl!. McCAR.1HY. I can say to the
Senator that it would be extremely dith-
cult to do that. because all the records
are completely secret cept what I
could get from loyal State Department
ployees. I can tell in a great number
ofcaseswhatpartlcularhranchthein-
dividuah are working in. whether in Re-
search and Intelligence, or in other activ-
ities. Incidentallll. Research and In-
telligence is a favorite office for fellow
travelers to get into. A short time ago
Icltedthecaseofoneindividualwho
succeeded in going from Research andB; In 11SI-C II ITa-§nIIl|-v-canal I-soLlll$lvI|lULI92vU RI
today. .
One of the principal cases is
81- It deals with one of the top offi
OIE, the Voice of America. and I
reach that shortly. Referring again to
the previous case. the individual is still
either working in this branch of the State
Department, or has succeeded in trans-
ferring to some other agency having to do
with information. All these individuals
tr! to get into some branch having to
do with information or research.
"'*=,,_,,,.,,,,,_-,,_" 1"" '"' This individual % b-"We.
with the State Department as a
G185 Service care-er sneer since 1086.
is stttiiiolliing a high salaried lob
the Government, and to the bestof erlca broadcast The pt IE
see-es is siimtentieiiy the am-e.?
0
-.»
T,
L
-a4-
I
i
0
F
i
Ir~was CONGY! é".$SIONAL REGORDSENATl5 'i . Fmsuaav so
my knowledse he is now stationed at
Frankfurt. Germany. A report. oi June
23, 1947. indicates that he is a member
of the Communist Party. that he at-
tended the Youth International in Rus-
sin in 1935. While working in the State
Department. the le he showed
an intense interest in getting informa-
tion on anything pertaining to Russia.
hicluding any iisures arid records
whether or not the iniormatxon had an
connection with his Plrtieurarjob. H
had been discharged previously from
the AFL Federation oi Government Em-
ployees. on the charge of oommunistic
activity. _Both he and his wife have
been members or a number of Commu-
nist-front organizations, and he has been
very closely asociated with known oom-
munist-front workers. The tile discloses
the interesting information that he is a
member of the central group, whose
task it is t-0 spearhead an attack on th
Edgar Hoover and the FBI. These tel-
lows do not like J. Edgar Hoover at ail.
The man is a member of the central
group which is the spearhead oi such
an attack. This is all in his le. He is
still workins for the Government.
se-N . This individual. teemi-EIZZE E ts 'the omce in New York. Otherwise, I
would not be able to get the
I am giving the Sena%e {go 1],, Thisin vernment service since July 1942.
He was stationed in the Oice of Infor-
mation and Education of =
par*tt|i§fiT? "Ihe"tnTorn1at!ion was not in
the le. but the hearings before the
Un-American Activities Committee
showed that he had signed a petition in
New York in 1040 to the eiiect that hewas a merit? of the Communist}-'*arty.
Case No This Individual has been emment since July 1942.
He was stati0ned_1n i-he.Oice or Educa-
tion and Information in the Btate De-
partment. It will be noted as I [O through that highest percentage oi
these mdivimiels were stationed in mine
information branch oi the Government.
According to the Uri-American Activi-
ties Committee, he had signed a petition
n I94iltlotheeectthathe_wasalncm-
er oi the Communist Party. The State
Department took no action whatsoever
pori this case, and so far as I know, theinftigative unit there conducted. no
in her hivestigation as to him, unless
it was fairly recently.
@se..hla._.I-3-This man has been in2:1 m:is?On?emD:pE;:2,:n '3°mmlnuE1;the Government service since July 1942.
member. It le dated April " 13. I947.
shows that he is a member oi an under-
ground _Commu.nisi group in Wuhln8-
to.".D. C. Both he and his wife have
been in close touch with a functional!
of the Soviet espionage rins in WashinE-
ton. D. C. I want to be sure about this.
He is still working in Government work.
Whether he is in the State Department
or not I have not been able to find out.
but I know he was in the State Depart-
ment not too long a-so. and he is still in
the Government service. Let me repeat
that for the benefit of the Senate. The
intelligence agency's le shows that this
man is a known Communist Party mem-
ber. and another le. dated April 13.
I947, shows that he is a member of an
underground Communist group in Wash-
ington. D. C. Both he and his wile have
been in close touch with a functionary
of the Soviet espionage ring in Washing-
ton. His brother. who either was or is
in the State Department, was a member
of the Jackson Helihts, Loni Island-
I. Y., branch oi the Communist Party.
'I1iere was considerable additional Ina-
terial in the le of this individual which
I cannot give to the Senate this time.
because it is all tied up with the source
or the information The iile indicates
that this man is not only very active as
a Communist, but is a very dangerous
Communist.g This man was a produc-
tion super-_ sor motion pictures for theOIE. that Is, {lie Voice of America. Be
also had previously I181!!! in aidavit
to the eect that he am a member of
the Communist Party. That is pI'¬l!ty
much the picture of all that OIIE crowd
in New York.
1 might say that tharrhas been some
deanlns out. As we get down to one
I1. Senators will see that one of the top
people was temporarily transferred. and
while away something else happened.
and there are some good loyal people inThe mcture is pretty much the J....""9. u
in the last cue. except that he is in a
gh-salaried position at the present time
the Oiiice oi Information and Ido-
ation. This man, I know definitely, is
in the Olce of Information and Educa-
tion oi the State Department. He
signed an amdavit in 1940 that he was a
member oi the Communist Party. He
has been in the Government service since
1942. Apparently no check was made on
'92- him as to his other Communist activities.
land I have no further information about
Mn. -
ase This individual was bornin %ussia in id96, and became a natural-e
ised United States citizen in 1938. Prom
uiy 1934 to April 1940 he worked tor
torg Trs-dink. Corporation The
enate will recall that that is the cor-
ration that was visited by the FBI
ortly after the last session ended, and
he! picked up ve or six of the Amt-org
mciais in connection with espionage
ctivities. This man worked tor that
rporatlon until 1940. He worked with
._e Qriae Umon from Jtme Q Au-
gust 1941, was with the OWI from Febru-
ary 1945 to 1"ebruary""II!B. then was
transferred !-0 the Bi-ate Department.
Hisllle shows that he has very close_cim-
nection with the Communist espionage
agents As to this man I frankly do nothlknow whether he is in the Bta to
Department or not. He went with the
State Department some time after Peb-
ruary 1946.
Mr.DONNEI.L. IJr.President-.
The PRESIDING OFFICER Mr. Ens.
m the ch.-.ir.l. Dave the Senator trot."-
Wisconsin yield to the Senator from Ilia-
louri?
Mr. McCARI'BY. I yield.
IILDONNIIL The Senator referred.
a moment aso. I think lust before tbs
lastcasatooneindividuaiaslieinga
high-salaried employee. Does th
tor have iniormation as to
man's salary ls? 'llr. lloC
think he was
was up in the I
did not pay too much atten
He was in a fairly lush-salaried position,
I ooul the information for the Sena-
In lwlun: over "..: '-,.....n.'--s
not nd information as to
e receives.
llr. IEUNIDT. llr. President. I111 Ii
Senator from Wisconsin yield?
Mr. McCAR'I'H'Y. Iyield tot-he len-
ator from South Dakota.
Mr.ll'Ul'l'DI'. Inotioemseveralol
the cases the Senator has mentioned it
was not clear whether or not the oicials
mentioned were still employed by the
State Department. The Btate Depart-
ment issued a news release last 18$ in-cl-in-la 92.l92- DQIwD I92RI seas-A 9 f'92suua_Will-l92.lJ ans . a I:U.-laav; la-IVE!-I valan-
munists and lecu.rity'risls ha
missed from the State Departm
1946.
I wondered if the Benator has asked
the State Department to ht him see that
list of those who may have been
mmed because of disloyalty rewhich would greatly simplify the §T:ltor; task in determinii whether tgec-K
are still there? Inasmuch as so in
has been said about making informad
tion available. it would seem to inc to bd
ITIT-FWF to snake i direct nest of
Department for a list of those whom
Department has dismimed for disloyal
reasons. to which the Department
not very well make any other than
airinatlve reply.
arr. rmooson. Mr. President. will
the Senator yield?
llr. lloCARI'HY. I yield.
Mr. FERGUSON. Dos the Benatol
from Booth Dakato know whether Mr"Peurifoy said that they were dismi
for disloyalty reasons. or dismissed
allowed to rest;-'-n? _
Hr. IIUNDT. I think Ir. PeuriIoys
statement said that their reiationshi
with the State Department were aeve
because of security reasona I think f
lluentlli they are permitted to reslin
they have been singled out and their
attention has been called to the tact
the State Department has causlit up wi
their disloyalty records. but whether
have been permitted to ruign or w
they have been severed. since he has
'"=:=.'e e=.i=1=.==1r to" =1 =@=- we-Wiltllil DB Ill IGCIJ GUCCI llll ID! LDC BBtor fmmwisconsintouseinndinzidzl
whether these persons are still with tbs
Department of State. e
Mr. FERGUSON. Ir. President, will
the Senator yield? -
Mr. lloCAR'IBY. I yield.
Hr. FERGUSON. I agree with tin
Senator. but I think it maku a diilferenoa
whether they have resigned or are dlle
charged and obtained employment in
other departments 0! the Government.
llr.N!UND'1.OneoitheareatdiQ.
culties we confront in trying to set Com-
munists out of Government is that ape
parently once they have been removed
from one department there ls no
given to the other departments so
simply drift from one department to
another. Bo if there were some such list
made available to all the ployme
duets. then. assuming that the einployis-7
a
.4
r
i
r
r
i
iF . _ , -_. V .>'.~'>-.-4-. ._. ::wqv.f_'I§-_I"|'_:=.- P ..._ _
. it CC I I
1950 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD~SENATE_ 2057
ment chiefs do not want to hire Com-
munists, they could use that list as a
screen.
Mr. PERGUSQN. Ii: the subcom-
mittee oi the Appropriations Committee
dealing with toreign aiialrs, I may say it
was indicated that thesi persons in the
majority or cases were rmltted to re-sign rather than to be dcharaed.
Hr. MUNDT. They were permitted to
resign alter, I believe. they had been told
that the State Department had made an
examination oi their loyalty status and
Icund it questionable.
Mir. MoCARTI-IY. And permitted to
resign so they would nd it easier to
seen-e another lob.
Mr. MUNDT. Perfectly true.
Mr. MCCARTHY. I may say in that
connection, Mr. President, that the whole
picture seems to beand you recall I
cited some cases along that linethat
where they can get one top man in an
important position. that then very
shortly we see them dragging in their
fellow Communists. W'hen that is done
we may be sure they will not be dis-
charged ior Communist actlties. They
are allowed to resign so they can be taken
over by another depanment. The dis-
turbing thing is that they are resigning
from the State Department and then
going into the other branches which,
while not technically under the State De-
partment. are to all intents and pi-lrlioses
under the State Department. When
they are allowed to resign it does not give
them a bad record and they can move
into another position.
Mr. MUNDT. I think the Senator is
putting his linger on a very important
deciency in the President's so-called
security program. because ii e. Com-
munist is i'ound to be guilty in the eyes
of the State Department or any other
department oi Government and then
permitted to resign so as to secure em-
ployment in some other department oi
Government or in some other bureau. or
a place in private employment. the gen-
eral public has had a Iraud launched
against it. and it is the pollcyoi Elvini
the benet of the doubt to the Com-
munists instead of the benet oi the
doubt to the Government. CtI'tB-H2!
when we come to me place where we
have discovered a Communist I see no
reasonwhy all the departments oi Gov-
ernment should not be alerted. and ior
that reason, when the evidence is com-
plete. the general public might well be
alerted so the individual cannot sneak
his way into some college iaculty. some
farmers organization. some labor organ-
ization, or some women's club. Once the
security check has pointed out that here
is a man attempting to sabotage ireedom
in this country and trying to sell us out
to a foreign iyranrii. -ovemment de-
partments are notoriously weak. in my
opinion. ii they rail then to alert the gen-
eral public to that"i_act.
Mr. McCAR'I'i-IY. I think that is an
excellent idea. I may say that merely
alerting the new potential boss some-
times does not do too much good. The
Senator was not present when I recited
a very unusual case. the case of a man
who is now one oi our foreign ministers.
ThecasewasthatofamanwholaoncIof our ministers. Bis tile suddenly dis-
appeared. that is, the vast majority oi
it. An attempt was made to find out
where the hie went. The keeper oi the
le, it one can call him that. said it went
tooneotthetopbi-ass.anditlsinhia
sate. and has been there for 2 years.
However. he did not obtain all the ma-
terial. Some oi the remaining material
lhows that certain secret material was
prepared for transmission to a foreign
government. The material was prepared
tor a foreign government. It showed up
in Moscow before it even left Washing-
ton. Does the Senator ioliow me? OI
course. the Security agency was very
much concerned with that. They ap-
parently had suspicions ahead of time.
Their report-and their report oi this
matter is all in the ille. the senator
understands. was to the eect that this
man who is now one oi our ministers.
was shadowed by the Security Agency;
their men physically saw him make con-
tact with a known espionage agent.- The
agent was shadowed to the Soviet Em-
bassy. and that is where the material
disappeared. and then showed up in
Moscow. When this .man's superior
cihccr cleans out his tiles. I am v%
curious what that man's die contains.
Mr. IMBLAHON. Mr. President. will
the Senator yield?
Hr. McCAR'i"HY. I yield.
Mr. McMAI-ION. I leift the Senate
Chamber at 7:30 p. m. What number
oi case is the Senator now on?
Mr. MCCARTHY. I am now on case
No. 34.
Mr. McMAEON. In the cases the Sen-
ator has recited. has the Senator simply
read the derogatory information that was
in the dies or has the Senator attempted
to give the full contents oi the le in each
case?
Mr. McCAR'IHY. I may say that I
am only giving the Senate cases in which
it appears clear that there is a denite
Communist connection. Ii there is evi-
dence in the le to show that a man was
not a Communist, frankly. those les
have not come to my attention.
I am not sure that I get the Senator:
thought fully. This man may have been
goodtohlswiieandchlldrenandall
that sort of thing. Wnat I am inter-
ested in is: Does the le conrm what
we ielt we knew about him? In other
words. does the investigative agency's
tile show that this man was in contact
with Communists? Did he belong to
Communist-Iront organizations? Did he
belong to a Communist organization?
Was he a toreign agent?
Lassure the Senator that this is not a
game. I am trying to give the Senate as
clear a picture as I can. I do not give
the Senate anything that would indicate
the source or the information.
its I said earlier this evening. I think it
is impossible and very unwise tor us to
pass any legislation providing that we
could subpena, tor example. the ies oi
the FBI. I think ii we did that we would
set the FBI back 10. 20. orr 30 years. The
onlliwwecansalelyuletheselesia
with complete cooperation and under.tor: committee. and give the committee
the benet oi its investigation.
llr. 1lclUiHON. Ir. President. will
the Senator yield?
llr. llcCARTB'Y. Yen. I am sled to.
Mr. llclilal-I011. The Senator mad:
stands that what I am trying
is whether the Senator has in
aion the complete le that is
Department. either the original div-I
take it the Senator does not have that-
oracopyoiit. Easthe Senatorbotb
the derogatory information and any good
information that in in that le.
llr. McCAR.THY. le Senator Ilka
whether I have complete State Depart-
ment mes. 'Ihe mlwer is "lilo."
Mr. licli-EAHOH. Has the Senator the
complete ies in any one oi the 34 cases?
Mr. HcCAR'IHY. Ililhty-one cases.
llr. lacMAHON. The Senator mid ha
had presented 34 cases so far. .
Mr. MoCARTHY. Yes.
Mr. llchlikl-ION. I take it the Senator
is going through all ll. I merely any
that when the Senator reaches case No.
lllhonetobehomeinbed. 'I'ha-tia
beside the point. I want to nd out
from the Senator it in the cases he has
re.e.dcrie.tl~.e-:.-_%tl~.:.taremmpre-
sented. the Senator is able to give the
Senate both the derogatory information
thatisintheleandanycootradictory
information that indicatm that the de-
rogatory information may be in question.
Mr. McCAR'I'HY. Let me answer the
Senator.
Mr. llcl92lAHO!~l. That is a yea-or-no
question. Would the Senator rive this
information it he had it in his poses-aion? o
litr."llcCaR'I'I£Y. Does the Senator
Hr. llcMAHON. Yes. -
Mr. MCCARTHY. The answer la that
I obviously do not have photostats oi all
the tiles. e
M-r. _ MclilAHON. Bias the Senator
lot-~
llr. llcCARTHY. Let me nish. I
do not have a counterespionage group or
myown. AllIcandoispica1Inthein-
ffmli-1011. check. and make sure it is
coniirmed by something in the State De-
partment iile. The Senator understands
I do not have wmplete State Depart-
ment iiles in thee matters. I veryt]! wish I did. That is one of the
aslhopeoneofourcommittceswlll
succeed in getting.
Mr. IRMAHON. Hr. President, will
the Senator yield?llr. llcCARI'HY. oment. 11$
may. Irwearegoingtohaveaatail
work on these les the FBI should clear
the members oi that stall rst to make
sure that we do not have Communists
among its mbers. When that is done.
J hope the State Epar-tment wi co-
operate fully. and will say, Here are
the ies. Take a look at them." -
I do not have that now. _
llr. llcMAHON. At last. that ia'tbe--._
I
i
pr-vqv-as--r --v1
I T-l
2058 CONGRESSIONAL RECORDSENA'gE FEBRUARY 20
Investigators into his State, perharw I
could obtain I05 or perhaps 1.005 wit-
nesses who would make statements about
the Senator that would be totally untrue
and incorrect. and the grne invatiga-
tors might go to 2,000 other persons who
would say, "Those 105 people are not tell-
ingtbetrnthat all. Tb arevery an-gry with the Senator bguse he voted
for this bill or that bill that 94¢! did not
like." *
Did the Senator ever think oi that?
Mr. McCAR"I'HY. Ill. President. ii
the Senator irom Connecticut had been
in the Senate Chamber earlier this
evening, he would have beard that lilies-
tion answered.
The Senator from Illinois demanded.
loudly. that I iurnlsh all the names. I
toidhimatthattirnethatsoiarasl
was concerned, I thousbt that would be
improper; that I did not have all the in-
formation about these individuals. I
have enough to convince me that either
they are members oi the Communist
Party or they are giving great aid to
the Communists. I may be wrong. That
is why I said that unless the Senate de-manded that I do so, I womrilnoteubmit
this publicly. but I would bmit it to
any oom.mitteethe Senator's committee
or any other Senate committee-and
would let the committee go over these
tn executive session. It is pomible that
some oi these perilous will get a clean
bill or health. I know that some oi them
will not.
Mr. llcMAHON. Hr. President. wm
the Senator yield further?
lIr.McCAR'I'i-IY. I yield.
Hr. McMAHON. The Senator has
made my point for me. however, namely,
that in the tiles that he has. there is only
derogatory information.
MI. MCCARTHY. No.
Mr. McMAHON. And that he is not
able-
Mr. Me-CARTHY. No.
llr. McMAHON. That he is not able
to give to the Senate the inlormation
which contradicts derogatory infor-mation. ' -
Mr. LIcCAR'I'HY. That is not true.
Mr. Mcmltl-ION. Because ll the Sen-
atorhasitandiiheisnotgivingitto
the Senate at this time, it would appear
tome thatheist.ry1ngtcpresentaonp-aided picture. I ' ' Q
Isaytotheenatorthatthereisnn
dsire on my part to llreiude a Binle
oneoithesecases. Idonotneedtotell
the Senator that I am as much opposed
to communism in the State Department
or in my other l3e,na_r@mt Q he is.
Butltellthesenatorthatinthe
course oi my career I have examined
many Government illea and many tn-
vestigation records. and I have seen in
the illes statements that. "This man
McCarthy" or "This Il8-Il--
Mr. McCARTi-IY. Make it Jones.
Mr. McMAHON. Or "This man
Smith is a terrible person. He is not to
he trusted. He defralldi his Greclitors.
He even beats his wile. He has been
accn going around the corner with sus-
picious-loolcing persons."
Andtheniiwegotootherper-aonsin
the community. they asy. I am not at
all surprised that you have been toldtbat.bccanseBmitbbadalhtwitba
man named Jones, who livesdown the
street. I will bet that you lot an inter-
viewwitbhim.andthatinithesaldthat
this fellow smith is a terrible man."
I call attention to the possibility that
if we had the whole die before us, as un-
dnubtedly the State Department has. the
inionnaticm the Senator from Wiscon-
sin is giving the Senate might be con-
tradicted to the point where creditable
wltnessear creditable evaluators oi the
ies would say. In that event. we can-
not believe that information.
I do not say to the Senator that that
is so: I merely point out the possibility
oi its being so.
Mr. lld3AR'IHY. I have a
iairiy good disest ct the tiles. However.
inauchaeaseasthialthinkwemust
give the American people the benet of
the doubt. Instead oi there belnl 57
Communists in the State Department, let
us say that there are only one or two.
Ii there were one or two Communists who
were serving as top omcials in our State
bepmmenr, that alone would be fully
stdcient to keep the opposition informed
about the operations oi the Department.
Mr. McMAHON. Hr. President. will
the Senator eld?
Mr. llcCAR'I'BTY. I ask the Senator
to permit me to tlnish my statement.
please.
I have said to the Senator that I am
not indlcting the oi. I have said there
is suillcient in the illes to show that there
is something radically -wrong. It the
Senator will remain here and will listen
to some more oi the cases. I am sure he
will be convinced. Alter all, he came
totheoorterlhadbeenspeaking
for lame time.
llr. AIKEN. Hr. President, -will the
Senator yield to me!
Mr. MCCARTHY. I yield.
Ilr. AIEEAT. Will the Senator advise
the Members of the Senate now present
whether he is presenting to the Senate a.
series of personal opinions about the per-
sons or whether he ls presenting matters
oi record?
llr. lioCA.R'I'B'Y. I am not presenting
anything except what is conrmed by the
les oi the individual concerned. In
other words. in one case the intelligence
department said. Get rid oi this man.
Six proiessora. some at the University of
California and some at Harvard. say this
fellow is a fellow-traveler, a Communist.
a close Iriend of Friedman. secretary of
the Communists in California, and I close
friend of Harry Bridses."
But the top brass" in the State De-
partment say. No. because be basnot
om-nmltted any overt act."
llr. llcMAHON. Mr. President. will
the Senator yield?
Mr. McCAR'lH'Y.
llr. llcMAHON.
judge the ca-se
Hie Senator has lust
thinkand I think it
systemi
Mr. locARTHY. I
ybld tor a question. not
llr. Hcll.AHON. D08
the American
accused. he shall1udged:andtben.upnihat3ouamant
and upon that evidence, doe not the
Senator-thinktbeiudgmentshouldba
rendered? .
_l|.r.llocaR'I'B'Y. Inytctbelcsa-~wiw ' .
llr. HGIIAHON. Isa! to the Sons-toe,
if I may continue my question,--»
Mr. Iic!iiAHON. Isaytotheenattw
that what we have to be uni
that we do not imitate the very
are llainst. Star chambers are
the United States oi
trials ex parbe. on the basis
the ies oi the persons concern
oor or the United Stats Sena
way to handle this matter.
'I'hat is my question.
llr. BREWSTER. llr. President. will
the Senator yield?
Mr. llcCAR'1HY. I ask the Senator
tromllainetopermitmetoanswertho
Senator from Connecticut rst.
It the Senator from Connecticut had
been here a. little earlier. he would have
heard the majority leader demanding
that we do exactly that. He demanded
that I present the names and indict these
veoie before the country. without giv-
ing them a chance to be heard.
I said. "No, I will not do that unless
the Senate demands it. I said, "I have
the information. I want to presmt it
to any Senate committee. and have the
committee decide about it."
I1-us information is nothing new. It
has been there a long time. I! the Sen-
ator or anyone else who is interested had
expended sulcient edort. he could have
broulht this to the attention of the
Senate.
I do not rsncy at all this condemnation
of an attempt to bring this matter be-
fore the Senate. I intend to give all the
facts. Prom the information which I
have beiore me. I agree with the intelli-
gence agencies which have said, "These
men should not be in the State Depart-
ment." I agree with the intelligence
genoies who said. Do not give i-hem
men top-secret clearance.
Imaybewrong. Thatiswhylaznnot
naming them. But I think that soon-
tomorrow--the proper Senate commit-
tee that is actually intcrwted. not in iri-
vcsttgating people who may be Commu-
nists. but in investigating as to whether
or not the State Department is overrun
with Communists, should examine into
these matters. -
Mr. BRI.'W5lIl3.. Ilr. President. will
the Senator yield?
I-tr. HwAP~'l'Hl'.
Ilr. BR.EWS'l'ER. the essence
E1
1950 C6»:
sentatives the right to know what is going
on in Washington?
I do not see how any defenders of
democracy, in view of the Hlss and the
Fuchs cases, can still maintain the right
of the executive department of govern-
ment to refuse---as hm been occurring
repeatedly in recent yearsini'ormation
from the files to be authorized to beseen by the committeesgi Congress.
Hr. McCAR'II-IY. I ay point out to
the Senator that the Constitution gives
the Congress the right to get the infor-
mation which we have been demanding
for some time. Under the Constitution,
oi course, the Congress has a right to
that information. How we can force the
President to give the information to Con-
gress I do not know.
On August 4. 1948. the day Hiss was ei-
posed by the House committee. and the
day of the President's iamous "red her-
ring" statement, the President signed an
order saying, No more departmental in-
formation shall be given to congressional
committees."
At that time there might have been a
reason for it; at that time the Congress
was controlled by the Republican Party,
and I can see why the President, with an
election coming along, might have felt
that the information might have been
used tor some wlitical gain.
However, the President's party has
had control oi both the Senate and the
House of Representatives for over a year
now. and it seems that the President
should be able to tnist his own party.
His party is in control. He should be
able to say, "This is information to which
the Congress ls entitled. under the Con-
stitution. My own party is in power. I
will let them have lt."
Frankly, Mr. President, I think the
President is making a terrible mistake.
LL! I they suggest someth_in.g to the Sen-
ator, let me say that I think he and I
certainly should be on the same side in
this matter. The Democratic Party oer-
tainly is going to suer because of this,
but it should not. I think the Emo-
cratic Party has lost control of the exec-
utive branch. unusual group oi
peoplea group of twisted-thinking in-
tellectualshas taken over in the State
Department, in recent years. They thinkthey are right, that is what makes them
dangerous.
Ii the Democratic Party, as we see it
represented here in the Senate, had con-
trol. I do not think this sorry situation
would exist.
Bo the Senator should work with us
in trying to clean house.
Mr. McMAHON. Mr. President, will
the Senator yield? '
lI.r. llcCAR'I'HY. I am glad to yield.
Mr. McMAI-ION. The Senator's ob-
servation is entirely beside the point, as
was the observation lust made by the
Senator from l§aine._ I do not stand
here to defend anyone. I simply wish to
point out to the Senator that there was
a complete file on tl't_ese persons. and the
Senator obviouslrwas glvis Onlll the
derogatory information.
I11". MCCARTHY. That is not correct.
Mr. MCMAI-ION. I pointed out to the
Senotor that I!I_1!.l'tSSS dernmded thst the
lull les be made available, and certainly
that should be done before Judgment of
n _the case is had. Ihat is my position,
soar nothing else : T d . HUNDT. . CAPEHAR . an
other Senators addressed the Chair.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does
the Senator from Wisconsin yield; and ii
so. to whom?
Mr. HcCAR'IHY. I shall yield in amoment. - tn
First. Mr. President. let me say
the Senator from Connecticut just in-dulged iyan erroneous assumption when
he said was indicating only the deroga-ttgryilnlormation. This is a resume ofB S. '
Mr. MUNUI. llr. President, will the
Senator yield at this time? '
Mr. McCARTHY. I yield.
Hr. MUNDT. I hope the Senator will
not folio-v the suggestion oi the knator
from Connecticut and discontinue his ef-
fort to purge Communists from the Gov-
ernment.
IRMAHON. Hr. President. the
Senator from Connecticut made no such
statement.
! Mr. MUNDI. The Senator should
wait until I nish. .
Mr. WHERRY. Mr. President. I de-
mand the regular order. '
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The
Senator from Wisconsin-has the floor. A
Senator who hm the rim: cm yield only
for a question. Senators who wish to
ask questions must rst be yielded to
for that purpose.
Hr. McCARI'HY. Hr. President. may
I rst make it clear that I will yield to
every Senator present. as Often as he
wants me to yield, but for the present
I am yielding to the Senator from South
Dakota. and I will yield to no one else
until he bu nished his question. I
shall be glad then to yield to the Senator
from Connecticut.
Mr. MUNDT. I want the Senator Irom
Connecticut to listen to this statement. I
thinkIamquotinghimexa.ct1y.Ithink
he suggested that the Senator irom Wis-
consin should not continue with this ef-
fort of his, until the full les are made
available to him. Is not that correct?
was not that the Senators statement?
Mr. McMAHON. That is exactly cor-
rect.
Hr. IIUNDT. I thought it was cor-
.rect.
Mr. llcM.AIION. It is.
Mr. IIUNDT. I hope the Senator from
Wisconsin will not yield to that kind of
argument, because, had the argument of
the Senator Irom Connecticut been tol-
iowed. Alger His: would never have been
convicted, for Alger Hiss was convicted
alter the President gave his freeze order
denying us the right to see the full tile.
That would be a complete way to cover
up every Communist in the Government.
Hr. llcMAHON. Hr. President, will
the Senator yield?
llr. HcCAl?.THY. Let me answer
rst. and then I will yield. I say to Sen-
ators. let them take their time. I will
yield to everyone here. and all night if
necessary. I want to say I denitely will
not follow the suggestion oered by the
Senator from Connecticut that I do noth-
ing until I have the complete hie oi the
on-se. The President sold, "You etnll not
see the tile." In fact, I never know when
I have the complete ille. I have infor-GRESSIONAL RECORD-SEN £115 N59
motion from the State Department ies,
information to which we are entitled
1 am giving it to the Senate.
The Senator from Connecticut has said
something about my convicting someone.
Although even the leader of the Sena-
tor's party has said. You must give us
the names." I have refused to do so. I
have said."Iwiilgiveittoanycomnlt.-
tee. Iwlllgobeforeanyoommlttee. I
willbesworn. Iwilldoanytning. I
want to get some action. and I may lay
tot_heSemto_r.!t~hi.o.I_r2!et.b..-t_.v:.=-.
or man who should be working along
with me on this matter. I have a great
deal of respect for the Senator from
Connecticut.
Mr. llcHAHON. Ir. President, will
the Senator yield lor a question?
iir. iiwaRl"Er"x. Ieid. .
Hr. HCMAHON. I am not trying to
work against the Senator. What did I
point out to the Senator and to the
Senate? I pointed out that the Senator
apparently has been giving the deroga-
tory information contained-in ies of
which he has secured possession. I tur-
ther pointed out that in those tiles. if
there was intormation which disproved
the derogatory information. it was the
duty of the Senator to present it to the
Senate. Certainly no investigation of
these mi -m-'.ls could m wnsistent with
American methods unless there were an
evaluation both of the derogatory in-
formation and the information which
went to disprove it. II we adopt any
other theon than that. I claim we aban-
don one of the fundamental guaranties
which underly our form of government.
Andifwesreloingtotaketheattitude
that simply because someone says ao-
and-so is a Communist._or was seen talk-
ing to a Communist. it therefore. ipso
facto, settles the matter. then I say we
have ooopted a meory ohch I do not
understand to be in consonance with our
form of government.
llr. llcCaR'I'HY. I thank the
Senator.
llr. llcllAHON. I want to further
point out to the Senator that, in fair-____
Hr. McCARTIlY. Is this a question
llr. llcll.AHON. '.l."l:|e Senator
listened to speeches from some
other colleagues. I am sure he
dulge me tn this observation.
Mr. llcCAl=tTHY. Go ahead.
Ill". liIc92lAHON. I thank the Sena-
tor. Ithewants tobeiair. sndbasiuil
a._odcompletenlesonaman.beought
to read not only the dcrogatorf informa-
tionbutanythlngelsethatissaid.
Afteritisrea.dImightagree.espocially
ll I wuld hear the comm. with the
Senator's contention that a certain
individual ought to be kicked out of the
Government and perhaps be put in iail.
Whatldonotseeisbowanyonecan
form an intelligent Judgment simply by
reading what a half doaen people say.
because perhaps they are wines, lootin-
dreis, and thieves. Perhaps they have
some ulterior motive in making the state-
ments they do. I do not know. I do
-.- -.-. --.-qapsqq»-q-.--u-wvmj-. ._....,P
i
i1"
zoso . couciuissionst RECORD;SENATE Fnmtuaay no
it. What I ampotnting out is that there
may be other facts which we ought to
hear in connection with those cases.
That ls my point
Mr. afcCAR'I'HI'. I think the Senator
atter: "ma Ihnn ho lnwa It. -is mv duty
to present the entire le to the Senate
and to live the Senate all the informa-
tion. The President has said we shall
not net that le, and, as of the present
moment, we are not on a "Deli" Dear
Harry basis. I cannot go to the White
House and say. rive me this le.
bgause Senator llcltlsnorl insists that
you give me the information." All I can
do is to iilve Senators what I can dig up.
I have given Senators the fullest. most
complete, fairest résumé of the les that
I possibly could.
Porthesenatortospeculatethatl
have other information which I will not
give him. is, I think, completely unfair.
I have already asked for the complete
les. I sent the President a telegram
I mid, Mr. President, here are 5'1 names.
You may have them. But, in fairness to
the Senate and the country. let us get
the information on the-se people."
Ir. BREWSTER rose.
Hr. atemsnou. Hr. Pruillent. will
the Senator yield?
Hr. LlcCAR'I'HY. Let me yield to the
Senator from Maine. rst.
Ir. BREWSTER. Is the issue not as
is to do the evaluatins of which
tor from Connecticut speaks?
done by the executive agen-
demonstrate in every way a
determination to refuse what has always
been considered the constitutional risht
of the legislative body to nd out. or is
the evaluation to be made in the historic
method. by a duly authorized committee
of the Senate? I do not understand that
Senator from Connecticut is denying
the right of a senatorial group. nor do I
understand him to be admitttn it. I
am very much interested to know
whether he agrees with the executive
viewpoint, asserted for the rst time, so
tar as I know, in any substantial way tn
very recent years, that the executive
would not live to committees of the Con-
gress the risht to look at les.
Therstcaaelknewofwaswhcn.
during the war. President Roosevelt re-
fused Senator Truman. then chairman,
of the 1;-u_rnan the right to
examine the so-called Stettinius report.
The rst action which I took as chair-
man of the committee afterward was to
ask President Truman for it. and he
turned that report over, which conclu-
sively dunonstrated that we had been
verymuchmisleddurinsthecourseof
the war as to the mobilization. and the
records thereof. demonstratins that
Senator Truman was right in demanding
the records. and the President was
wronl. The new doctrine by which the
President has now directed his subor-
dinates to refuse records is novel. unfor-
tunate, and menacing, and is at the very
msence of this entire issue. As I under-
stand, the Senator from Wisconsin is
presenting what he feels to be credible
evidence that the Executive is not eter-
eising due care. We have no other way.
as I understand. to nd out, unless some
committee will demand the records. and
unless the President will release them.How the Senator from Connecticut. him-
self, as chairman of the Atomic Iineray
Committee, could determine reaardlnz
many matters. unless he had the lea
from the executive department. it is un-
possible for me Senator !r@ lhl___ne tounderstand. -
Hr. McM.AHON. Mr. President. will
the Senator yield at that point?
Hr. McCARI'HY. Let me answer the
question rst. if I may. I thank the Sen-ator from true very much for his state-
ment. He 100 percent correct. Unless
we can obtain cooperation from the liz-
ecutive. there is no way in the world of
cleanins house. I am not aivina my
evalutlon of the evidence. I want it un-
derstood. If Senators will listen. they
wi.llnotethatwhatIamdoinaistore-
cite the facts. which the State Depart-
ment's own security asency dug up, and
which information acted as the basis for
their recommendation that the individ-
ualsin question. because of being accu-
rity risks, be discharged and not re.
tained in the service. -
j know the Senator from Connecticut
has not been pruent all the time. Be
nas been away this evening. Some of the
most incredible cases I have read and
aomethatlshallneadofaivingaman
top secrecy clearance, when the Depart-
ment's own aeency says "He is a bad
risk; he is a Communist." have been un-
covered. Imsysaytothe Senatoi-.if the
investigative agency is overly eager, if
they are doing a bad job, it they are pg-
accutins individuals. if they are naming
as Communists individuals who are not
such. then it is up to the State Depart-
mentandthePresidttoIetanew
agency. t
Hr. FERGUSON. llr. President. will
the Senator yield?
Mr. HcMAHON. Mr. President, will
the Senator yield for a moment. that I
may make a nal observation?
Hr. McCARTHY. Yes, I shall be glad
to yield: and all-cr that I will yield to
the Senator from Hichinn.
Mr. HcMAI-ION. It will only take me
a minute. I understand the Junior Sen-
ator from Massachusetts earlier said that
at the next meeting of the Foreign Rela-
tions Committee he would move for an
examination of these cases. I may say
to the Senator, I shall be glad to second
and to support the motion.
should like to see developed n
facts the Senator has been ahl
but also other facts that we as a cum-
mittee may be able to develop. I should
like to see that done. It would be quite
all risht with me. but I asain emphasise.
as I now take my seatand I shall not
participate in the debate again. so far
as I know. and I shall not disturb the
Senator further-hthat perhaps it would
have been better had the Senator pre-
aented his complaint to the Committee
on Foreiim Relations of the Senate, in
which committee I am sure be has full
condence, in order that the derolai-cry
Information miiht be weighed aiainst
any information which would tend to
contradict it. so that we could have the
benet of that sea:-china information be-
fore the Senator dedded to come to the
Senate oor with It. It ls simply a per-
sonal observation. The Senator is with-
in his riihts. He has decided to do itdlerently. It is the Senator'a-resoonsi-
billty. I thank the Senator very much.
Hr. llcCi92R'I'HY. The Senator need
not worry about disturbing me. because
thereilnothingIammo.'rewi|1ingtodo
tt1lnf.1_Iyieldt-oa@t1n'.!.;Immvmve
the Senators attention, I will anew: Isis
question. I assume it was a_questim.
The Senator snaaested a course of ac-
tion which he thinks I should have Id-
lowed. AsIeaplainedearllerthiseve-
nin¢,Ii-houahtofthat. Itbouebtthere
was some possibility of accomplishing the
desired results in that fashion. However.
keeping in mind that the members of the
Foreiln Relations Committee and all the
Senators have had substantially the same
knowledge and opportunity that I have
had, I questioned whether anything
would be gained unless the President
cbanled his mind and
you the information."
leader of the Democra
seeine any of the eviden
In Chicago and said.
from Wisconsin say
thoueht the only thin:
have done, namely,
the country know w
then hope that the
-opinion would be I78!-
the President to clean house
think he will not clean house un
termines it is politically inexpedi
hl.mtodootherwise.Iti1inkt.bePresi-
dent is one of the clevereat politicians
thisllationheseverhad. Ithinkwben
he discovers that the people of the coun-
try do not want a continuation of what
is eoinson. there wlllbe a housecleaninl.
Ishallbealadtoyieldtot-heSenator
from Michigan.
Mr. IERGUSON. Sena
familiar with the rul
the President that n
permit any Member
a conaressional comm!
to loyalty les, but the ot per
mittheperaonincharleofttusmtoten
tify before a committee as to any facts
relatinl to a person's loyalty?
'I'hat was true in the Reminlton case,
in which he told an admiral of the Navy.
whehsdcharseofoneoftbeiescom
tainlni disloyalty informati. that the
admiral was not Permitted to testify in
relation to it. Ia the Senator familiar
with that? __ _
llr. MoCAR'1'H'Y. I am.
Hr. FERGUSON. Therefore. ltaeems
impossible for the committee which
milht be named to be successful unless
the President of the United States should
chance his order. Does not the Senator
feel that the proper committee to in-
vestiaate the matter is the AI!D1oDria-
tions Committee, which ,ha.s to appro-
priate the money to pay thli persons!
The State Department's alltlfllriation
is now before that committee. I under-
gtand_that Mr. Ache.son_ will be-
fore the committee. 'ItIlt will be the
place for the Senate actually to obtainI
I
. r
- V
1950 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE -
will have all the cooperation I can give
it. I shall he more than happy to go
heiore the Appropi'iat_.iona Committee
and live it all thelniormation I have. I
think the Appropriations Committee
ahould certainly look into the question
especially lo in the anal oi the Voice of
America. ' ,
I think the Voice oi America pron-am
la a_very important program ii properly
conducted. I think it is almost impos-
aibie to spend too much money on it ll
the money in wisely spent. but I think the
picture which we find in connection with
the New York olce of the Voice of Ather-
ica should be examined by the Appro-
priations Committee and that that oom-
mittee ahould use a bright lieht and and
out exactly what is Ioina on. I ahall
cover that matter in aome detail when I
let down to the nal case.
Hr. CAPEHART. Mr. President, will
the Senator yield?
iir. iicCAIt_'IHT. I yield.
air. CAPEHART. Ia it not a fact thai
U it had not been ior a congressional
committee Alger His: would not havebeen convicted? I"
air. McCAR'l'I-IY. I think there is no
doubt about that. The Senator will re»
call that at the time the House Un-Amer-
ican Activities Committee turned up the
iniormation on Hist the ?l-esident aald.
in a puhllc atatement. "We had all this
information already." I do not know
whether he had it, but ii at that time the
Uh-American Activities Committee had
decided to quit, Bis: might have been in
Calcutta, instead oi Service which might
not have been too bad.
Mr. CAPEHART. Is it not reasonable
toassumethat1nthei.'iieoiMr.Hlas
there are poaslbly some good points as
well as derogatory evidence?
Mr. HGCARTHY. I think even the
most fanatical Communist may treat his
wile and children well; he may provide
for themwell. Idonotthlnk thatlsthe
question. 'Ihe question is whether these
perm 'nSarear.nrea tioi.h.elJ'nitedStates.
llo matter how much good iniormation
there may he in the nle regarding them,
mlonsastheyareloyaltoltusalaand
to the Communist Party, and dlaloyal to
this Government, I think they have no
right to hold Government poaltlot. I
thinkitleaprlvllea'etohareaGovern-
ment Job, not a right.
Mr.CAPl-IIBART. Is it not a Ia-ct that
every man who has been convicted poe-
dhly had some good points about him.
and there were aome peraona who would
teat-ll'y that he was a kindly and an
honest man? .
alr. McCAR'I"Hi'. hut la certainly
true. -
Hr. CAPEHART. I did not quite
understand the armlment which was
med a little earlilci. that there might he
some eood points in the ies. What
dlllierenoe does it make how mane aood
points there are it the persona involved
are Communist aympathiaere and fellow
t-avelers? Our jails are lled with per-
aons who were periectly honest'up to
the time tbeyperiormed theactaordeeda
which cot them convicted. Ia not that
true?
Io. I61lan-. aioCARl'EIY. I take the Diiaition
thatitianotmytasktotakelicasea
and try and get all the evidence and
then determine whether the intelligence
unit which evaluates it was doing a good
orabadlob. Alllamdolngispre.
aenting enough of the picture lo that
I hope both the Democratic aide and
the Republican aide will forget politics
and lp cleanhouse. I think this is
aomething in which we cannot think oi
politics as usual. Ii I were to rive my
Democratic friends some advice, it would
be that I think we ahould set together
and do aome house cleaning. I notice
the Senator from lllaelaaippi frowning.
I do not think he was Dftaent when I
made it clear that ii the Democratic
Party as represented in the Senate had
control oi the executive branch I thought
we would not have the sorry picture we
,:havc today.
_llr.WH_ElR'._l'i.Y. llr.President,willthe
Senator yield?
Mr. l92lcCAR'IHY. Certainly.
Hr. WHERRY. Ia it not a tact. to
boil this all down, that the distlneulahed
Senator from Wisconsin is simply ask-
ing that an appropriate committee oi
the Senate make a tho:-ouch invi-ialv
tion not only oi the les but of any other
aource oi information pocalhie,_ and let
that committee determine whether
there are any dlsloyal persona or Oom-
munlsts. or what have you. such as the
Senator has listed in these Bl eases?
Is not that the whole crux oi the mat-
tar?
Mr. MCCARTHY. That is correct.
Mr. WHIIRRY. Whether there are
good thlnas or bad thinss to be said
about them. all the Senator is doing
in asking that an investigation be made
by an aPP|°lJliate committee oi .the
Senate. Whether that is correct pro-
cedure or not. the Senator is within his
rights in akin! it.
air. IGJARTHY. That is correct. I
do not think a Benate committee can
do a complete job unless the Ywcaldent
will make the iacte available.
llr. WHERRY. Whether an investi-
gation will accomplish the very thing
which the distinguished Senator from
Connecticut lllr. llclllanowl labored
about will depend on whether all the
iniormatlon in the ies la iorthcomina to
the investigating committee.
Hi. llcC'ARI'HY- That is correct. I
donotclalmthatallthecaaesIamre-
porting to the Senate refer to persona
working in the State Department. but in
view 0! the Iact that most of them were
in the State Denartment and had top-
aecret clearance, I think the Senate could
call them before a committee and llnd
out in what Government work they are
now enacted or. ii they are not enlalcd
in Government work, what they have
been doing in private employment. and
whether they are members or uplonage
rings. I am not concerned with the
nlnnhere over which the Senator from
Illinoie labored all night. long. whether
therca.rel05orl'i. Ithaqueatlonu!
whether there are Communists in the
State Department. them
the record la no bad ll-ia.. - -2 1 ~.4£ ~ 5*-1 .921.g_a.p-r:.~.q-_T_..|,-_--, .,.__.w,.,, _ ___.._.
I "
Ienator yield? '
_1lr.llcCAR'l'E!'.
IILWHERRY. Hal
Senator contacted the chairman at the
Committee on Aoilrovriaticna relative to
theiileswhichhenowhas? Inaamuch
as the distinguished Senator mentioned
that tact. I certainly ahould like to II-I
acompllmenttotheehalrmanoithe
Committee on -lPl1I'0t>1'iltiana. and Oliilcf
members of the committee. who have
doneap'tettygoodlobininabi.in£92lP°9292
the departments making reportl aa to
the progreas which la heinil made relative
to the auhveralvenesa of persona
in the departments. and they
better lob. I ahould like to
all other ccanmittees tail. I
Committa on Appronriations w
verygoodplacetos'..a.rt,becameiIa
priationa are withheld from a depart-
mentoranalen¢y.ltcanbeil1'0iIhi
around very Ililickil
Mr. aicCAR'IHY. I have unlimited
reepectl'ortheahlliiIoIthedl.ltin-
gulahed chairman an the Committee on
appropriation; the aenior Senator tram
Tennessee ran. llcKn.l.an1 . and I aould
llkehimtoknownowthatatanyttme
atal1,tomorrowcrthenextday.or
whenever-he wantemetodoao. Ilhaii
he glad to come to his committee and
give him all the inlotmation I have. I
believe the committee ahould decide aiter
turther and complete investigation. and
after they have asked the President for
theillea,whlchoithenameathey_wiah
to make public.
Hr. DONNELI... Hr. President, will
the Senator yield?
7 .
2052 cotioi-.n~"ss10NAL RECORD--SENATE Fcnwow 20
available to you. I suggested. however.
that he dissolve the order ior secrecy.
Otherwise, just getting the names would
be of no beneilt. I heard nothing from
the President. except that I read
statement at a press conference to the
elfect that the Senator from Wisconsin
was not telling the truth.
ldr. DONNELL. Mr. Prendent.
the Senator yield further? r
Mr. McCART'H'Y. I yield! . -
Mr. DONNELL. When did the Sena
tor send this telegram to the President- the Voice of America broadcast. Appar-
ently the easiest way to get in is to be a
known Communist.Case No. This individual has been
n e n te States since 1930 and wasn1aig9yed.by.t.ne Oilice oi Informationn Education on April tz. I941. He
orked for the Russian Embassy in Tur-
ey for 3 years. Prom iii-44 to I947 he
'as with a Russian welfare society. This
ndlvidual is a very close associate of anown C::;?unist now also with the
Toice of . .__erica broadcmt. The not-e
Mr. McCARTHY- It was ai>w°'~1 Says that this individual is still with the
mately a week ago. Voice of America broadcast.
Mr. DONNELL. And the Senator has
received no direct response whatever
from the President or from the Presi-
dent's oice?
HI. MCCARTHY. I have received no
response from the President. and no ac-
knowledgment. All I know is that ac-
cording to the newspaper account th
President is reported to have said tha
the Senator from Wisconsin was no
telling the truth.
Mr. DONNEIL. Did the Senator in-
form the President in the telegram that
the 5'! persons are or have been in the
State Department? H a
Mr. MoCAR'fi-IY. I did.
Mr. DONNELI.. Notwithstanding the
notice given to the President by a Mem-
ber of the Senate a week ago by telegram.
there has been no response received by
the Senator from the President?
Mr. McCARTHY. None whatever.
Hr. DONNEIJ... It these persons are"
Oommunlstsand we are not deciding
that question at the moment-they have
been allowed. ao far as the Senator knows.
to continue in whatever oiclal positions
they occupied during the intervening ap-
proximate week. Is that correct?
Mr. I-lcCARTH'Y. That is correct. I
might say that I read the telegram into
the Racoan. I shall be glad to hand a
copy oi it to the Senator. Since that
time the majority leader also Joined with
the President in reecting upon the
truthiulness oi the Junior Senator from
Wisconsin.
llr.DONN'EI..L. Hr. President. will the
Benator yield?
Mr. McCA.R'I'HY. I yield.
Hr. DONNELL. Has the Senator al-
ready placed in the Raooan a copy of the
telegram which he has Just handed me?
Mr. lifcCARTI-IY. I have.
Hr. DONNELL. I missed that part oi
the Senator's address.
Mr. McCARTHY. Yes. the telegram
is in the Recon.
I believe I was on case No. 34. This in-
dividual was originally cleared ior em-
ployment in the State Department on
June 2, 1946. Since that time, according
to the State Department's ole. he has
admitted his communtstic sympathies. I
understand that he has resigned in order
to take other Government employment.
He was not discharged. '
ase No. 38. This individual is -I3
years cl a"" Bge. e is with the Omce of
Information and Education. According
to the ie, he ls a known Communist.
I might say that when I refer to some-
one as Mina e known wmmunist. I sin
not evaluating the information myself.
I am merely giving what is in the le.
This individual also found his way into
0
uCase No. gs This individual is em
a very responsible position in
he Broadcasting Division ol the Voice of
erica. As early as December 10. 1946.
rivestigation by the State Department's
ecurity agency showed that this man
-as a fanatical Communist. that he was
nticapitalistic, and denitely followed
he Communist Party line. In this case
here were reports from two dierent
vernment investigative agencies. An-ogzer Government investigative agencya sed that a reliable informant re-
ported that a well-known Communist in
Newark. N. J., gave him the unqualied
information that this individual was a
paid-up fellow party member. While
acting as a newspaper reporter prior to
his present employment with the Voice
I of America broadcast he was reported by
qhls superiors to have colored his news
} reports with Communist theory. and did
not give complete and unbiased coverage
to such reports. That is important be-
cause lt is this individual who is now
handing out news reports on the Voice of
America program. A very close friend
of this individual and his brother statedtrig} both are denitely communist.
r. WIT!-IIZISS. Mr. President, will
the Senator yield I-Iain?
Mr. MoCAR'I'HY. I yield.
Mr. WIT!-lER.S. What is the gentle-
man's name? Did the Senator call his
name?
Mr. McCAR'I'HY. No.
Mr. The Senator no not
call any name?
Hr. McCAB.'I'BY. Ob. no.
Mr. WITHE.RS. The Senator does not
know who It is?
Mr. HcCAR'I'HY. I have called no
' names. The Senator from Connecticut. I
think. gave the best reason why. namely,
that we should not attempt to try to con-
vict a man. that that should be done by a
committee. I am submitting the evi-
dence without giving the names. I have
avoided that in every way possible.
3.4:. Does the mm:
think all the employees in the State De-
partment are Communists?
Hr. lilcCAR'I'HY. No. I think the
vast majority of those employees are
being done an almost irreparable wrong
by having them painted with the bnish
of communism. I have been a lawyer.
and out of 100 lawyers there may be 99
honest lawyers and I sbyster. I crook. and
the 99 get a bad name. 'I'hat has hap-
pened ln the State Department. If there
were not some good. honest. loyal men
in the letate mes.-'t..'nent. :-sen who we.-e
willing to risk their positions. I would not
be able to give this report here toniaht.
.I think the vast maiority of those em-
'"w--ww-it -ployees are 10911. protecting the security
o!theoo1.intryforthei:lmebeing,anidin
honesty to those ployees the shady
characters should be removed.
Hr. WII'HEl=tB. Will the Senator DB1-
mit another question?
Hr. MCCARTHY. Certainly.
Ill-. WI'IHER3. How does the Sena-
tor feel about attacking these men with-
out calling names? How does the Sen-
ator feel the other employees who are
straightforward feel about it, when he
reects on all of them and does m call
names?
Mi. ldoCAR'I'HY. I think the condi-
tion today is so fraught with danger, I
thlnkweareinapeiiodaodeilnitely
close to war. that even ii we do damage
some of the honest employees. I must
take the only method I know of whereby
Ithinkwecanaecureahoueecleaning.
This information is nothing new. This
has been known to the Secretary of
State. or should have beenit is in the
nles-for a long time. I have decided
thatthislsthebestwayofforcingtbe
President to give the Congress the in-
formation so that it can clean house. as
he apparently is not going to. Whether
it is wrong. the Senator can decide for
himself. Ipersonallyfeelthatthlslsthe
moat elective way I can do this a1l-im-
portant lob, and I intend to continue
attempting to do it in this fashion. until
the Senator or someone else shows me
that there is some more eective, fairer
way.
In that connection, I might say that I
amveryhappythatthereareaomany
Senators on the other aide oi the aisle
who so thorol-Iahly dbl-Bree with the ma-
jority leader. The majority leader has
been condemning me rather rigorously
for not giving the names of the people.
I have been making every effort possible
to keep the iniormation in such iorm
that no one can detect the names. until a
full hearing of each case has been held.
Hr. WITHIRS. I ahotild like to ask
the Senator what reason he has tor not
calling names. Does not the Senator
thinisitwouidbeannethingtolettne
public know who the Iilty are? Is not
the Senator privileged?
lifr. lfcCAR'I'H'Y. Earlier this eve-
ning the Senator from Ill_inoi.s said. "You
are privileged if you make a mistake. It
out oi the at there are some innocent. if
you mallgn them." the Senator from Il-
linols said. you are protected. I made
the statement then that when the day
comes that I ever say anything on the
floor of the Senate which I will not be
willing to state oi! the door 0! the Sen-
!2.!'..'!".*-..l..1!.$!|.:.¥I!Jl!"..%!.!!t'.."_PlQS
Senate.
Mr. WITHER5 and Ir. LUCAS ad-
dressed the Chair.
'I'he PRESIDING OHICER. Does the
Senator from Wtsconsin yield; and it
so. to whom?
Ir. llcCAR'I'HY. I still yield to the
Senator from Kentucky.
llr. WTHIERS. If the Senator does
not call names. has he not reected on
the whole Department oi State. every
one of the employees?
Hi-.92-tc¬aP.'1EI. That is enti.
_aible. I will say to the Senator.
llr. WITKERS The Senator has the
right in the Senate to call those names.
» r. J - ,,.. kqr-ale-31.. _~,' -uw--_~n-- ,,-s-u--[..» -92 e ..,a-.
i .92- --
1950 CON GRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATEv _
llr. IcCARTHY. Brat is correct.
Mr. WITHERS. But the Senator re-
fused to do so. -The Senator asked if I
could state a better way. I will say a
better way is to give the Senate. the pub-
lic. the press. and everyhne the name of
every person the Senator says labors
under any suspicion. P '
Mr. llcCAR'I'I-IY. I thank the Sena-
tor for his suggestion. I do not think
I will follow it, however. but I thank the
Senator very much. -
Mr. WIT!-IERS. I would be better sat-
ked if I could go along with the Sena-
tor in that way. I would hate to follow
the Senator only in part.
Mr. McCAR'I'H'Y. I was not trying to
be humorous. I respect the Senator's
judgment. I have given the matter a
great deal of thought. however, and the
way I am presenting the matter is the
way I think it should be done. and I in-
tend to present it in that fashion.
Mr. VTITHER5. The Senator simply
tells us there are persons who are Com-
munists but does not tell us srho they
are. Is that correct? "
Mr. MCCARTHY. I believe the Sena-
tor was not on the oor of the Senate all
evening. I have stated l'BDEatedl¥ that
I would go before any Senate committee
and divulge names. I have said further
that if it were the feeling of the majority
of the Senate that they did not want it
done in that fashion. that they feel we
can "do it in a better way. that we can do
a better job by making the names public
on the oor of the Senate I will be glad to
abide by that decision. However I think
that would be a mistake. I have dug out
Information which I think is of the ut-
most importance and I think we should
get down to the lob of trying to clean out
these unusual people.
Mr. WYTHERS. Does the Senator in-
dictoraccuseorwhathhedoingin
this speech?
Mr. McCARTl=iY. I did not under-
stand the Benat-or'I question.
lir. WITHERS. Is the Senator in-
dicting those whom he claims are guilty
of the charges he makes?
Ill. MCCARTHY. Am I inflicting
those who are guilty?
so. wrrnszns. Yes. '
Mr. lloCART'HY. I am not indicting
those who are guilty. I am living the
Senate information about persons whom
I consider to be Communists in the Stats
Department.
Ir. WITHERS. In other words the
Senator is suspicious that something is
wrong without calling the names? _
Mr. lioCAi=tTHY. Ilse Senator S a
Inert man. I know the Senator is. I
have had many conversations with the
Senator and I respect his intelligence.
The Senator knows exactly what 1 am
doing. 'Ihc Senator knows I am giving
the Senate what. the State Department's
investigative agency has said about these
investigations. When the State Depart-
meat; investigative agency has said that
this man is a Communist. and that
agency says he should not be working
in the State Department. I am telling
the Senate that. when the officials of
the State Department my they will not
discharge the individual. anyway. I am
giving that to the Senate. I am living
all the information I can to the Senate.IThe Senator from Kentucky knows aa-
actly what I am doing-
Mr. WI'I'Hli.'R.S. Does the Senator
k'nowthatI.iikeailothers.amcurious
to know the names? When the Senator
gives the cases. the press and country
at large would like to know who they
I11.Mr. Plrstletme saythatthis m tter is too important for me to
use it as a utensil whereby I can satisfy
someone s curiosity, no matter how much
I would like to see his curiosity satisfied.
I do not intend to ntisfy anyones curi-
osity. I intend to do everything I can
totrytocleanupwhatlconsiderto
be a bad mess.
Mr. CAPEHART. lfr.Preaident.does
the Senator yield? .
Lir.McCAR'I'l-IY. Iyield.
," Ml. CAPEHART. In it not possible
that the Senator from Kentucky might
learn the names of these people sooner
than he might like to? '
Mr. WITHERS. I would like to know
them if the Senator would tell me. I
will make this observation. The Senator
from Kentucky certainly could not learn
the names too soon. If the individuals
in question are guilty. I should like to
say to the Senator from Indiana that no
American could learn their names too
soon.
Mr. MQCARTHY. If I may Suggest to
the Senator. he is a member of the
majority party. and I trust he is on much
better terms with the President than I
am. All the information I have given the
Senate is to State Department files.
'Ihere are several ways the Senator can
obtain the names. No. l. He can go to
the President and say. President.
how about this case number so-and-so?
Let me obtain the further facts on it."
Another way is to sit in when the
proper committee asks for the names.
Athi.rdway,IwillmytotheSenator.
issimpIYtocomeovertom!'oiilceto-
rnorrow morning and he can see the
names. and I will satisfy curiosity.
Mr. WIT!-IERS. glad to.
Does the Senator oh divulging
t.henarnes,ifI|ee veltbat
privilege?
Mr.HoCARi'HY. Ithinkitisimto
the proper committee-
Mr. WITIIERS. I think we should tell
the people who they are. ' ~
Mr.Mr.CAR'IHY. Ithinkitisupto
the proper committee to decide whether
it wants to divulge the names. Let me
make myself clear to the Senator. If
the majority of the Senate want me to
divulge them in that fashion. yes. But
I am not going to follow the Senator's
advice and say. "Here you are, Senator,
divulge them." Period.
Mr. LUCAS. Ill. President. will the
Senator Yltid? -
htr. IMCARTHY. add.
Mr. LUCAS. The Senator divulgedfou.rns.inesi.nhlsspeechinR.eno.Nev.
Whydoesthesenatorrefusetodivulge
others before the Senate?York
'I'imes.theChlcago'Iribu.ne,andafew
othernewspapers.
record
Mr HoCAR'I'BY
ate the speech I
That speech was
tor wants a copy of the
glad to wri_te t the
Inittee thereand ask
Senator a copy of the
will cost about I3 or
The Senator can pla
wants to. Otherwise
I read today into
Rscosn.
Isald there was a man, John Service.
. L iff .
I .
2064 CONGRESSIONAL RE_CORD~-SENATE FEBRUARY 20
mission--I do not know the name of it--
whi--h advises the State Department on
UNESCO. So I wish the Senator from
Illinois would not plead ignorance oi
that. I-Ie knows it. Fwent over all this
for the Senate earlier today.
Mr. LUCAS. Mr. President, will the
Senator yield? . 92-
Mr. MCCARTHY. Yes, I92m glad to
yield.
Mr. LUCAS. The only reason I ask
about these four is that it is my under-
standing the Senator did name them
in l15 speech at Reno, Nev., and that
the Senator said denitely-and I am
now quoting only from the newspapers,
and that is all I have been able to llnd
out other than what the Senator has
said toniiht--in reply to a question by
a reporter it he called these people
traitors. he said, I did not. I did not
call them Communists either.
Is that what the Senator said?
Mr. MCCARTHY. Ii the Senator
wants to argue about the four, I will say.
so that his mind will be at ease. that if
he wants me to make it 59 instead of 57
I shall be glad to include two individuals
who were named, one by the FBI and the
other by the Un-American Activities
Committee as being a courier for the
Communist Party. _
I do not get the Senator's arrument.
Does he say these people are Simon pure
and that I maligned them? I talked
about them publicly. If anything I said
was not true, they can sue me for libel
and slander. II it will make the Sen-
ator happy. I will be clad to say that all
oi them except Service are part oi the 57.
The only reason I do not include Service
is because his le has disappeared, and I
am trying to conne myself solely to in-
formation which is conned by the State
Department's own investigative agency.
Mr. LUCAS. Mr. President, will the
Senator yield?
Mr. IIOCARTHY. I yield.
Mr. LUCAS. I do not have any quar-
rel with what the Senator says. The
only thing I am trying to do is to redon-
cile the Senator's speech here with the
speech reported in the newspapers, and
I have not received a satisfactory answer.
Mr. McCAR'I'HY. What would the
Senator like to know?
Mr. LUCAS. I should like to know
how he reconciles what he has said in
the speeches he has made at Republican
rallies with what he is saying here to-
night. In other words. he named tour
persons when he was in the West. I
aaree with the Senator from Kentucky
that the sooner the Senator can name
these persons, the better oil we will all
be. So tar as I am concerned. it will not
be in executive session. If I have any-
thins to say about it. it will be in the
open, where every individual in America,
every newspaperman earl attend, so that
they will know denitely, as soon as pos-
sible. Just who is being charged and who
is not being charged with being Com-
munists. That is only fair, as the Sena-
tor from Kentucky has so ably pointed
out, because every individual in the State
Department tonight is under a cloud. he
is under a shadow as the result 0! what
the Senator from Wisconsin is dolni. I
want to get the honest-to-loodness
Americans trom under that shadow, and
92whatever Communists are there. the ma-
jority party on this side of the aisle will
be found to be lust as stron: in demand-
lni that we clean house. ii the Senator
has the proof, as is anyone else. TheBeiiiltor does not need to worry about
But the Senator has been moving
around here--Mr. _Hc l1£B'IHY. I ask the Senator
to wait a oute. please; I do not yield
any iurther at this time.
The Senator from Illinois says it is my
lob to prove these things. Since when
has it been the job of a Senator who is a
member of the minority, Mr. President,
to clean house for an executive depart-
meat? That is the task of the majority,
and I hope they take that task on their
shoulders.
Nothing the Senator from Illinois has
done here tonight indicates that he even
remotely realizes the seriousness of this
problem. - .
r. LUCAS. Mr. President. if the
Senator will yield. let me say that when
he makes that statement, he simply does
not know what he is talking about. I
appreciate the seriousness of the situa-
tion the Senator is discussing. No one
understands it better than the Senator
Irom Illinois and the country as a whole
do, as a result of the speeches the Sen-
ator from Wisconsin has made upon this
question. II the Senator thinks timer! is
anything lrivolous about this, or that we
are not trying to cooperate with him in
this matter. he simply does not under-
stand the situation.
We are going to help get the facts. and
the Senator from Wisconsin ls icing to
help us get the facts. He says he has the
evidence there. All that needs to be done
is for the senator to come forward. along
with the persons in the Intelligence De-
partment from whom he has been able
to act the information in the State De-
partment. We will have them here. The
Senator will have to tell us that, of
course. and we will ten-et this out. from
top to bottom.
Mr. IMCARTHY. Do I correctly un-
derstand that the Senator trom Illinois
now demands that the Praldent allow
the State Department to brine to a sen-
ate commlttee all the into:-mation in the
tiles on these individuals? Or does the
Senator Ieel that that should be kept
secret, and that it is my lob to Probe be-
b.indtheironcurta1nandgettbein-
Iormaiion?
Mr. LUCAS. The Senator from Wis-
consin has already been behind the tron
curtain.
Mr. lIoCAR'IH'Y. The Senator from
Illinois says it is my task to get the in-
formation. Dou not he realise that is
the task oi the malority party and the
majority leader? Does not he agree with
me that the President should say tolhe
Congress, in all honesty and fairness.
"Here is a serious situation. I will open
the mes and let the proper committee
ekamine them and learn what the tacts
are ?
Mr. LUCAS. That h the old III!!-
ment which has been advanced ever since
the days or John Ilarahall in respect to
controversies between the executive and
lecislative branches oi Government re-
lating to the opening of the ies. Weham! had that question over and our
ag .
llr.lloCAR'I'HY. llr.Prasident.Ide-
eline to yield further.
- Ill. IIJNNELL. Mr. President. dillihtzrgenator decline to yield to any Ban-
a
Mr. HcCAR'l'HY. No: I simply do not
wish to prolonl what is completely point-
less on the part of the°Benator Iran
Illinois.
Mr. LUCAS. The whole cramp: has
been rather pointless. ,
llr. LIJHMAN. Hr. President, will the
Senator yield? -
Mr. llcCAR'I !IY. I yield.
Mr. LEHMAN. I understood the Sen-
ator to say. in referring to two men, that
they walked like Communists, looked
like Communists, and talked like Com-
munists. Ithlnki1weooul.dIp0t0om-
munists by their looks-
Mr. a|cCARTHY. Mr. President. it
the Senator from New York is asking a
question, I yield: otherwise I do not yield.
Mr. IEHMAN. I will come to the
question in a moment
-Ithinkthati!weoouldmotCommu-
nists bythemannerinwhich theywalk.
our task in nghtina communism would
be far simpler than it is.
I would very much appreciate it it the
Senator would tell us--and he would
make a real contribution ii he would--'
howheoouldspotanymsnasbeinsa
Communist.byhislooksorl1yhiswal.k.
Ii'heeandothat.hecertI»lnlymusthare
powers oi perception which so tar be-
yond anything known in human history.
Mr. McCARTHY. Mr. President, let
mesaytotheSenatorthltIthlnkitis
a great mistake to take some
so very important and
farce oi it. The Senator
is intelligent enough to_
any a man looks like a d
duck. and walks like a du
in a lirurative sense. 'Ih
wise knows that if I say
like a Communist, walks like a Cclnm
nist. and taiksllkea.CommunistImean
thatl1amanassociateswithCommu-
nists and talks as Communists do and
la very friendly with Communists. praises
eosnmunlsm, attacks and bellttles Amer-
ican democracy. loins Communist-front
or-gani.-cations, contributes money to
them. and praises the Russian Commu-
nistsystemaboveotu-own.be1n'obably
is a Communist.
Mr. LEHHAN. Mr. Preeidt, let me
observe
_llr. WEIERRY. Mr. President, I call
for the retular order.
Mr. IMCARTHY. Mr. President. I
think I should let the Senator tram New
York observe what he has in mind.
Mr.I.llHMAN.!w1shtopointout
that the Senator's answer cert!-inly is not
responsive to my question. He tried to
identify these men as Communistsand
they may be Communists-because. as he
described them. they wglk like Commu-
nists. they look like Communists, and
they talk like Communists. That is an
issue that is not new in politics. The ac-
cusation is made by the Senator--
.
1950 CON
their faces: but when I speak of their
looking like Communists and acting like
Communists and walking like Commu-
nists. I am speaking of the record oi those
men and how they-look in that record.
The Senator from Haw York knows that.
I do not know whether_tbose men are
tall or short or fat or lean;
Mr. LEHMAN. I did mot think the
Senator could describe a Communist by
the way Communists look.
Hr. DONNELL. Hr. President, will
the Senator yield?
Mr. MCCARTHY. I am Elad to yield.
Mr. DONNELL Referrinl to the re-
quest for secrecy in regard to these
names, I ask the Senator whether he has
tried to keep these names secret from the
Fresiderit of the United States?
Hr. McCAR'I'HY. No; I have not. I
have oiiered the nan: to the President.
llr. DONNEIL I ask the Senator
whether in the telegram he sent from
Nevada about a week ago to the Presi-
dmt. i.l':cre ht-I- -2!: t-1'3 lewaage:
In the Lincoln Day speech at Wheeling.
Thiaraday night, I stated that the State De-mmt harbors a nest cl communists andunist sy-mpathizers who In helping to
shape our foreign policy. I runner stated
or that I, hate in my poaaeaaion the namaa
5! C.-'-_'-imunists em are m me sate heme-
ment at present. .a State Department
spokesman promptly denied this, claiming
thatthereianotaaingieoominuniatinthe
Department.
Then, omittina some intermediate por-
tions oi the telegram. does not the tele-
gram to the President resume as follows:
Daipith thia State Dlpl-rtment black-out.
we have been able to compile a list oi 5'!
C<I:ni:nu.ni.It-I tn the State Department. I'll!-I
list is available to you.
llr. MCCARTHY. That is correct.
iii. DONTTLL Tlid the Senator so
telegraph the President?
Iilr. HcCAR'I'H'Y. I did.
Hr. DONNELL Did the Senator then
continue in his telegram to the President,
as follows: .
But rm can int a much ttir.-at ti.-t
rrdering Secretary Acheson to give you a
ofthoaewhomyourornboardiistedaa
lng dlaloyal. and who are Itill working in
State Department.
Ill.hatl.pI.I'tOfl.hete1eI'I'lIn1¢B¢9-ator sent?
llr. hlcCARTHY. That is correct.
Mr. ,DONl~i'i-1.1. The Senator re-
ferred to having spoken at Wheeling on
Thursday night. That was Ihursday
night, February 9; was it not?
Mr. MCCARTHY. That is correct.
iir. fJOi92li~iT..i...' Where did the hens.-
tor speak the next night?
Hr. McCAR'I'HY. I did not lpeak
anywhere the next nllbt. 'I'he telegram
was sent on Saturday. the Ilth, in the
afternoon.
haver -.
GRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE -
the United States that he would not re-
veal the names oi the 51, won the Presi-
dent's request?
llr. HCCARTHY.
the Racosn absolutely cle
that the teieim nlac no eon
upon my oiler to reveal the names.
However, in talking to some members ct
the prem several days later. I told them
I did not think I would feel free to give
the Preaent the names if he were IIJIDI
to maintain the ii-on oi
and merely say. "51 more red herrlnzs,
and claim that the men were almon pure.
with no investigation made.
. _ M that time I did indicate that a con-
dition in connection with giving him the
names would be that he draw back the
iron curtain of secrecy. Thai condition
was not stated in the telearam. but in
fairness to the President I say that I
assume that the condition was brollaht
to his attention. -
_llr. DONNELL And if it does draw
heck. the i_-on cm-tain or or wmchhe Senator from Wisconsin spoke, the
Senator from Wisconsin is perfectly will-
ing to live the President the names of
every one of the 57 persons: is he?
Kr. MoC.i92.RTHY. There is no quea-
tion about that. furthermore. I urll
that the owner Senate committee eon-
vene. and I shall be alad to give the oom-
Inittee the names.
Mr. DONNELL. And the Senator
from Wisconsin will Ive that 00Ii.l.IIiiH&0
every name: and the Senator oered a
:e-.-.- moments aao. did he not. m :i'.'e to
the Senator from Kentucky. himself.
personally. the names. tomorrow morn-
inz, ii he wants them.
III. IlcCARTHY. I withdrew that.
however. because the Senator said be
wishesto make the information public.
I have been a lawyer for a_long time,
as the Senator from llissouri has; and
I am convinced of the ibmmimistic con-
nections oi these persons--although it ls
true that some of them mliht not hale
paid dues to the Communist Party. But
the rrts are so conrinclni that I am
condent those persons are wortinl
closely with the Communist Party.
Nevertheless. I do not think that, as a
general proposition, one llember of the
Senate should rise on the oor of the
Senate and should make public the
names of I1 persons in that way. Ii the
matter were so urgent that that would be
the only way to proceed. the names could
be gotten. that would be another matter.
But all of us will be baa tomorrow, a
committee can be convened tomorrow.
andiarnperiectiywiiiinztolivethe
names to a committee.
Mr. DONNEIL The Senator n-om
Wisconsin is perfectly willing to aive the
names to a Senate committee. Ia that
correct?
¥r. !..lcCi92.R"i"EY. 'l"hat is r..~r:'ect.
Ar. So- 9 oer:
ehpsed since the sending of that tele-
gram to the President of the United
States. signed by the. Senator irom Wis-
consin, I assume. Ii that correct?
Ir. MCCARTHY. That is correct.
Mr. DONNELL. And the Senator has
not yet received any ruponse?
lilr. MCCARTHY. I have not.
Ir. DONNEI.-L. Did the Senator ever
atanytiIneindicat.etotbePr-uidento!llr. DONNHL I thank the Senator.
Hr. lIcCaR'IHY. If the majority of
theenatethinksitisprollertcmaka
them public on the oor of the Senate,
I shall be alad to do so.
Qlr. REEIX. Will the Senator yield!
Ir. llcCAB'I'BY. I yield.
Mr. HEELY. A moment aao the
distinguished minority leader lllr.
Wnraarl, demanded the regular order.Fl
2065
I aecond that mand. The Senator
from Wisconsin is discussing an unsur-
passably important question. He should
be permitted to conclude his addreu
without further interririrtlon. and we
lDD92Il" "'Ci be penm" tied to new ail uni he
haatolaywlthcuttleiirelruiradhi
situpallnightlikewildcaisahdhaving
to sleep all day tomorrow like boot owls.
Thereiore I Inlrhole to obleet
further yieldlns by the Sena
ior any PLL1'.BQ!@ -W__,. __
ins a question. and I shall
strict enforcement oi the rule. I
Ir. WI'I"!IERs. llr. President. will
the Senator yield?
llr. llcCAR'IHY. I yield only for a
. _ -_ . _ . _Ilr. . I wish to ask one or
two questions.
llr. uccawrnr. I am alad to yield
for as many questions as the Senator
wishes to ask.
Ir. WITHERS. The Senator tram
!?%nsin short time ago that
be would use the names ortha
peraons to dent unless the Prea-
ident woul the names and would
pullbacktheir-oncurtain;theSenator
from Wisconsin said he would live the
names to the President if he would start
to work on them. -'
Ilr. llcCAR'IHY. No. Senatir, this
is not a lame.
- Mr. WITHIRB. Wait I minute. I
asked the Senator a question let him
answer it.
Hr. %AR'lHE'. -lay I insurer the
. Smator? '
an-. wrrmems. tee.
In-. IMCARTHY.
answer the Senator
an answer. I may
elm is mt a same. I __.- ..__. __
Pruldent he could have the names, and
subsequently I indicated I felt it would
beuselesstoatvehimthenamesandiet
him issue a whitewash statement. saying
"57 red herrings." I felt that the mini-
mnm_th_e_Amerlcan_heoliIf= couidasa for
was that he revoke the rule which. so far
as I know. had never been in elistenoe
before he enforced it. Be should not be
worried about a CNIITHI which has a
majority of his own harty, and when he
does that, he can have the names. But I
do not wlmt me mu on-im I.-eniee-e
curtain of secrecy. I have ouch con-
dence in the Senate however to feel that
III! committee oi the Senate, when it
gels the information and takes the
trouble to Io over it. toaeiher with the
names, will insist that the President give
them the information to which they are
entitled. I believe perhaps the American
NA RE ORDSENA 2066 CONGhi:ioSIO L C TE FEBRUARY 20
Mr. WITHERS. I want to ask the
Senator this question: If I understand
the Senator. he would not Give the names
to the President, unless the President
would use them. Now-_ I asked the Sena-
tor for the names. The Senator said he
would give me the narrries. I told the
Senator I wanted to use them, and he
would not give them to me, because I was
going to use them. In otherawords, the
Senator refused to give them in the Presi-
dent, because he would not use them.
and he refused to give them to me, be-
cause I intended to use them. Does the
Senator nd himself in an inconsistent
attitude in that respect?
Mr. MCCARTHY. I wonder whether
we have understood each other. I told
the Senator if he came to my office to-
morrow morning he could have all the
names. its I understand the Senator
and I may have been mistaken-he said
he would make them public
- Mr. WI'I'l-IERS. Yes, that is usin
them.
Mr. McCARTHY. That is using them
Mr. WITHER5. Yes.
Mr. MCCARTHY. Then the Senator
from Kentucky is correct; the Senator
from Wisconsin will not givenhim the
names in the morning.
To cs, _ .'.:e. We were on Case No. 33.
This individual is employed in a very
responsible position in the Broadcastiria
Division of OIE, the Voice of America.
As early as December 10. I946, an in-
vestigation by the state Department's
own security agency was to the eect
that this man was a fanatical Commu-
nist; that he is anticapitalistic and de-
nitely follows the party Communist line
Another investigative agency advise
that a reliable informer reported that
_well-known Communist in Newark_ N. J.
gave him the unqualied informatio
that this inditddual was a paid-up part
member, I believe I have cornmented on
the fact that here we have two Federal
security agencies, each reporting the
came thing. I believe I have read this, in
regard to his activities as a newspaper
reporter.
At the time he organized a strike and
picket line, he had repeated conferences
with a well-known New York Communis
whose name is, of course, in the Stat
Departments report. The State Depart-
ment's own security agency reco
mended that this individual not be
tallied. Eric-'~'ever. as of today he is tr
the extremely important position in th
broadcasting division of the World-Wid
News Unit of OIE, in New York City
thereby to at least some extent cori
trolling information which we are giviri
to the balance of the world. Do Sen-
ators follow this? This is a man who in
1946 was reported, not by one agency but
by two. and the security agency recom-
mended that he be dismissed. That was
3 or 4 years ago. The man is still in that
very important position. This seems to
be one of the most dangerous cases we
have. In view of the Secretary's state-
ment that he would disch
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