Document text
I ' I I I_ I
Q CP42 "FD-302 Rev. 10-6-95! ALL II-IFIIPIULTIUI-I EDI-ITAINED
HEFEEIIII IS U1ICL 55IFIEII92 -
92-:4 DATE lf-;2~lE2ElUE¥ BY ED324 TIC BB.T.II;"DI*§.-"TI*"I
-1_ -
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
Date of transcription O 6/ 10 / 2 O O4;
I Idate of birthI Isocial
security numberI Ltelephone numbersI rand be b7CI Iwas interviewed on June 2, 2004, at| Iplace of
emp oyment at the United States Army Medical Institute of
Infectious Diseases USAMRIID!. After being advised of the
identity of the interviewing agents and the purpose of the
interview,[:::::]provided the following information:
E:::::]stopped workin Iat b6USAMRIID in June of 2001. is currently emplovedl b7c
Wh'l1 wor e
for worked inI fromI indicated that room ofBuiIdin wasI11 Iroom Iwas theand from Iroom| Iwas another room used by
noted that no anthrax studies were conducted in
room The hood lines numbered one ! and two !, which wereutilized gor the aerosol exposures, were located in room[:::] The [:::]
rooms were always locked when not being utilized. The rooms were ~ '
locked with push button coded doors. FNU[::::::::]was responsible for
increasing the security measures in the facility.
receivedI IinI I b5ll from the University1ofP I Icompleted b7c
at inl College . ,
I Iassumed that the anthrax material[::]was workin withhad come from BRUCE IVINS. i:::::] b5noEed EHaE IVINS was Ehe secondary Lrincipal Investigator PI! whenevenc
he provided material for a study. The material provided by IVINS was b2
heat shocked in Romn[::]of Building 1412. IVINS brought the material1F
for the aerosol challenges to Building 1412 in a stainless steel
container. The steel container had an autoclavable bag inside
containing a double bagged bottle of the anthrax solution, vsaw the spores being prepared for the aerosol challenqes. I
[:::::]stated that ten 0! milliliters of material were need bffor an aerosol-challenge. I Iwere given one ! bC
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Investigation on O6/3 /2 O O4 at FI'¬d¬IiCk , MD
File # 279A~WF-222936 U 'AMRIID Date dictated N/A
SSA
41553.wpdThis document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions of the FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned to your aenci; I
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extra tube of material in case necessary. The extra tube was
autoclaved at the end of the day.
I I The material that remained in the
nebulizer was always autoclaved. The aerosol challenges were run for
ten 0! minutes. The entire process to setup the challenge and
complete it would take approximately twenty 0! to twentyfive 5!
minutes. [:::::]noted that there were always a lot of people presentfor the aerosol challenges. For each anthrax Tgrosol challenge thereb6
b7
were always resent. recalled
that IVINS,
[::::]were involved in conducting the aerosol challenges.
IhoodI[::::;]said that the hood lines were not decontaminated
between days 0 aerosol exposures. The all glass imp iquid
was passed out to the PI for post-challenge plating.
I The AGIs were passed out through the pass box in the
IAt the end of the da all'1 h hn h materia from t e aerosol c a enges was autoclaved.
the cleaning process after an aerosol challenge as taking one ! to
two ! hours. It took ninety 90! minutes to run the autoclave in the
hood lines.
' The material collected in the AGI was kept for at least one
! day for post-challenge plating purposes.
was the reS_OnS1BlIltY of IVINS to dispose of the postchal1enge
material.
I Idoes not recall post-challenge plates or material
eing e t ying around any of the rooms in Building 1412.
|includedI[:::::ktated thatI IIVINS would do all of
the post-challenge work following an aerosol challeng The media forthe aerosol work was kept in the refriqerator in roomi I The media
I The water used during the
anthrax aerosol challenges was provide y IVINS. I I IE::::::::::::::]was used in the aerosol challenges of toxins, however,I Jnoted that it 1:»
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was not used for anthrax. [:::::]is unaware of anything else being
added to the material being aerosolized.
O
92 Antifoam or the antifoam dilution was never used on anthrax kc V.
aeroso c allenges. If antifoam was used in a challenge, it would be ¤F
noted in the exposure logs. The antifoam was kept in a cabinet in room
[::::::::::::] The antifoam dilution was prepared as needed and was not
kept as a stock item. If the dilution was placed into the hood, it
would have been autoclaved out of the hood. The dilution would not
have been prepared for an anthrax aerosol challenge.
I never saw any bottle of olive oil in
Building 1412. | |does not know if there was olive oil in otherparts of Building 1412. [::::g]noted that[::]did not know thecombinations for the doors ot er than the rooms which he used,said thatE::]also had access to the lab
. | lreceivedl |traininq in the aerosol challenge
from]
|wil1 attempt to locate the[and w1Il provide it to Ehe interviewing agents at a future date]b6
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I Idid know who| Iwas. | Irecalled
Inoted that]
' the 1
challenges for Iin room] Iof Buildin worked
withl I
lrecalled tha ' es] Jwould be present duringT:ff?fEichallenges. _
[:::::]never saw] |in| Building[::::]
[:::::]recalled seeing| |in roomsb6
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had no knowledge of the work thatl Iconducted in
never socialized with| I
Iwas always forward withl Iregarding information
on the work| |was doing.
92
never saw where:[::::::]parked vehicle.
speculate t at d near Building because office
was in that buildin . said that there were parking spots in the
back of Buildin The parking spaces in the back of Building
were for] Inever saw anypersonally owned vehicles parked in the parking spaces behind Buildingb6
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Continuation of FD-302 of _ , On Q 6 / 2 / 2 0 O 4 , Page £-
is not aware 0f| lever visiting Building [::::T__
E::::]never used the walk-in cooler]of Building 1412. [::::;]said that some medi? was kept in thefloor walk in coo er. E::::]never saw n the
oo | |said that the freezer] bf Building
was used to keep serum samples.
[:::::]recal1ed scientists from Russia visiting and touring
through the hot side of Building 1412. [:::::]never saw any other
visitors on the hot side of the buildin . The Russians were neverpresent for any aerosol challenges. [::?::]never signed for any foreign
visitors at USAMRIID.
_ [:::::]is unaware of anyone showing any unusual interest in be
anthrax or anthrax challenges. b7;
I . IIdid not
handle any of the anthrax letters at USAMRIID. I [did handle the
5 Inoted that nothingL__Jhandlldtested positive for anthrax. K
[:::::]agreed to provide any information[::]could locate to
help in determining[:::]whereabouts during the mailing periods.
E::::]said that[::]would not object from taking a polygraph
relative to the AMERITHRAX investigation.
0
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" ' I ' 0 0L lI»; FD-302 Rev. 10-6-£15! ' ' I
M _1_ALL II-IFDFIIATICIIII CIII-TIZILIIKIIED .
HEPEIIII IS LTl92ICL.£tSSIFIE[I~
DATE l2.§.62ClClEi Bl" 60324 UC Eii?tTIL"DH,.1TH
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
92Date of transcription O 6 Z 3 Q Z 2 Q Q4
date of b' thI I ' l I44 ir socia b6securitv numberj home address bvc
home telephone nu erI,___j W6?k telephone numBerI I I was intelggewed atI I
place of employment, the Uni ed Sta s Army Medical Research
Institute of Infectious Diseases USAMRIID!, Fort Detrick,
Maryland. After being advised of the identit of the interviewingagents and the purpose of the interview,[:::iprovided the
following information:
has aI Idegree id
to USAMRI ID in I
Eprrently works inl
g;:::]was first assi ned toI I and<11 '1I I I IF remaine ere unti supervisor was or b6
most of this time
occasionaIlyI_1 plated samples.I J llm
rarel worked withIt
has mostly plated samples.I rhas never performed any spore preparations; T
Inever participated in any Iaerosol challenqesjw
b6
Idid not conduct a great deal of work on live Ba.b7C
b6
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mwmpmnm 06/30/2004 M Frederick, MarylandI Durifg this timeJ Ispent a lot of time in the
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,mmmonb-gagmm 279AWF222936, 279ABAClO1392 -92s192s Date dictated N/A
SA by SA I I
This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions of the FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned to your agency; I
it and its contents are not to be distributed outside your agency.
¢ ' s " I I .FD-302:1 Rev. 10-s-95! '
279AWF-222936, 279A-BA-Cl01392
Continuation of FD-302 of I I , On O 6 / 3 O / 2 O O4 . Page 2
In approximatelyI I b6
Iworked in the samégenera1 area.
Idid not work with
live samples. I Ioccasionally worked in theI Isuites at
USAMRI ID .
Approximately]
Much ofI Iwork during this time involved
I Ihas also worked with live Ba as part ofI Iwork on b6
m I b7Cworked in Building 1425, andI Isupervisor wfsl I
b2
works primarily with I Ialthou h has also worked b7F
with sporesI Istores these samples in and[:::]
receives the samples in 1-milliliter vials containing 10 colony
forming units per milliliter cfu ml!. Thes les are stored ina ~70-degree freezer in BuildingIiUUUU SuiteE:f??j
advised that[::]has not been inside a[:::]suite for
approximately years.
thinks that[:]kms provided to em lo ees 53¢
within work group, but has never distributed
I Ihad never used a lyophilizer, althoughl Ihad seen I
one inI
E::::]had never personally dried Ba and had never seen
dried Ba mes. I II b7C
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Continuation of FD-302 of I I , On O 6 / 3 O / 2 O O4 , Page 3
The entire sample was used
during this process. In addition, was currently
conducting work on a sample of drie o m .
[::::]was not sure whether the Ba Ames he received
originated from BRUCE IVINSI Istated that
[::::]was not sure whether the strains of Ba[:;]used were
fully characterized. However,[::]kmew USAMRIID had a p asmid
profile for the Ba, and heard that the strains had been sequenced.
| |onlv worked with one live Ba Ames sample, designated £worked with|Irecelve the sample from I
[::::]records some of work in laboratory notebooks.
[::]also maintains folders of work in[:::]desk.
E::::]was unaware of any areas of USAMRIID which had
problems with bacterial contamination. The last time[::::]visited
Buildin 1412 was in| |so| Icould not recallwhether?::]was familiar with the walk-in cooler, Room[::::::::::]
had not noticed any "piggybacking" into the hot suites.
[::::]was familiar with Sterilite containers, and remarked
that there was one such container in Building 1425, SuiteE:::::::::]
believed that items such as these were usually bought via
USAMRIID's Purchasing Unit. However, many employees found it
cheaper and faster to go to Walmart or to the Commissary to buy
less expensive items such as the Sterilite boxes or powdered milk.
»'1='n-3o2a' R§v.10-6-95! " 0
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C0n_tinuation of FD-302 of I I , On O 6 / 3 O / 2 O O4 , Page 4
Since main function regardingI I
could not recall whether Sterilite boxes were used
to store any suppliesI Ihad never seen nor
purchased prestamped envelopes like the ones used in the mailings.
[::::]could not recall any direct workI Iconducted with
the anthrax-laced letters in this casehj I
[:%::]was not familiar with the standard operating
procedures SOPs! for decontamination of Class II and Class IIIbiosafety cabinets inI Iwork areas. I i
DuringI Iwas working atUSAMRIID, althoughI Ihad noI Icalendar or other way of
assisting with a ossible determination of[:::]whereabouts duringthis period. [::¬]did recall thatE:]and manv others had been[placed on a heightened work schedule afterI I I
had never been introduced toI*
although ictures looked "vaguely familiar."I
H Idid wonder why the person who
mailed the letters did not try to kill more people.
[::::]provided the names of several individuals who
displayed questionable behavior or raised suspicion. One was a I Ha .
Iwoul know tHis :|.ncvJ3ual's real name.
rleft USAMRIID approximatelyI Iyears before the
anthrax mailings.
believed[%:::::::r§E§§E§sed the knowled e abilit and ac Ig , y, cess
required to perpetuate the attacks.
[;:;;;;:;;;;;]was another individual whom [:::]believed|maV have been caghble of mailing the anthrax-laced letters. Ibb
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Continuation of FD-302 of I , On O 6 / 3 O / 2 O O 4 , Page __5_
speculated that it
woufa have been very easy tor| |to keep part of the sample
will
Finally, | I |
ad never been a member of thq
Moreover,[::]had never hosted any foreign visiting
scientistsIt should be noted thatl l I6
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FD-302 Rev. 10-6-95! ' _
A ; '92 >~
4.
. / FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
m _- I-ILL II92]FE|P]'l§!|.TI|:!I92I CIJIJTAIIIED
. HEREIN IS T_H-IIILEQEIFIED
DATE l2lI52EEli3 BY F;'-U132-ll TIE BIITIT.-=DI-UTE .
Dateoftranscription f !9 Z2004
On A ril 08.2004] ]date of bebirth] ]Social Security Accouft Number] ]of b7Ct 1 h X 8 6p OIl¬ I111 GI]was contacjed at] ]place of employment,] ] ]located at was
advised of the identities of the interviewing Agents and the
purpose for the interview. ] ]was interviewed using a list of
questions provided by SA] ]
[%;:::]provided a three! page vitae which details[::]
academic ac ievements and employment history. A copy of that is
attached to and made a part of this document.;
This FD=302 will be written with response to specifically
enumerated questions. If the answer to that question was negative
that will be noted. ~ '
1! | lworked at USAMRIDD during] |
]advisedthat during this time] ]had no contact with any Bacillus anthracis
Ba materials. .
[::::::]advised that during this period] ]worked for
several investigators including:] ]
'c.ha.rJ_|.w;:>rked as al I
I Iadvised that] EAlsaid that it was during is
_Lim§ that] Lid some work associate with Ba.] ]advised that
Investigation on 0 4 / 0 8 / O4: at ] ] ,
~ i _usAmo.u.o-%~3°92 - I?File# 279A-WF22293& _/-92 . " Datedictated 04/09/04 b/C
S I
by S
This d ocument c ontains n either r ecommendations n or _c onclusions 0 f t he F BI. I t i s the p roperty 6 f t he F BI a nd is I oancd to y our a gency;
it a nd i ts c ontents a re n ct t 0 b e distributed 0 utsidc y our a gency. > _
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279AWF22936
Continuation ofFD-302 of I, On 04 / 0 8 / O4 , page 2
InI Iwas promoted to the position of
I Isaid supervisors duringthis period werel
said the only B nent worked with was
used_during the
advised[::]never worked with either spores or
vegetative ce s
I ! advised[::]never worked with any modified G
sporulation media. i '
5! advised'I:I worked with neither culture
techniques.
~ 6! advised.[:]never did any work with drying of
Ba; I
I Z! I Iadvised thatI H
received that material fromI Iwork with Bruce Ivins.I Iadvised thatE::]did not know if materials provided were from the
Ames strain or any other strain.
r . . '
_ 8! [::::::]said that[::]had no specific knowledge about
[::::::]co-workers that may have expertise with weaponization
techniques, spore production or lyophilizing. [::::::]said[::]didrecall the names f everal-people that may have been working onitems whileI Iwas there.I Isaidr__1recalls I I
I who worked on spore productionJ IIBruce Ivins, who was know as an expert on
Ba.
U , 9! advised:|was not aware of a
suites that ha pro ems with bacterial contamination.
» 10! I Iwas provided with the floor plans which were
denoted asI I
a ,92 The firsd Iis the four 4! pages ofmaterial which starts withI L1 This reflectsI I In that package[:::::]marked
page one with "back entrance on Ehe right side of the page and
.
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., 1
. t 'drew a box around a series of s " s which[::]indicted
were marked as and when was working there. On
a e three, noted that room was the clinical lab area
On page four, noted that] ]
room which contained an electronmicroscope.
The] s a three! document that starts
with] ] This reflects
] ] In that package] ]noted
the autoclave area of the basement on age one
On page two, which is the] ] floor of the building
noted a number of areas. Noted as "1" is the[::::::::::::]
"2" is the air lock} "35" are various labs, "6" is the
en rance to the animal rooms located in the portion of the
building, "7" denotes the area where Bruce Ivins conducted his work
and "8" is another lab room. On page three, identified as the[::::::]floor of the buildingt:{éEEEéE}%%Tised[::]had»been in thefollowing area: "1" and "2" "3" main work lab, "4"
supplemental lab, "5" employee rea room, "6" an animal room[:::::]
] ]"7" cold storage used to store reagents
and "8"] ]lab. >'
The marked.floor plans are attached to and made a part of
this document. » l
11!'[:::;;;;advised that£::]had access to both the hot
areas of building and the wal in cooler that is numbered asroom[:::;:::::;::;:]advised that a number of people had access to
that coo er an t at the cooler itself had no security system.
specifically recalled] ] I]_a.Sha.1lIJQb£.&DlIl'l;he<.EPOlL.er- I I
advised that
and the folks from the lab across Ehe hall also had access
to that coole >~ ' . ] Iadvised]
]said that many workers kept Eheir
stocks in the cooler and it was not unusual for one worker to
borrow the stock from another in the cooler without needing to askpermission" [;;:::]advised[::]recalled seeing cultures labeled"anthrax" on p ates and in petri dishes also stored in the cooler.aid]:]also recalled seeing a reagent stored there. ]:]believes it was labeled[::::::] _
~~, . ,
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Continuation of FD-302 of I l,0 n 04/O8/O4 Jake 4
12 said[:] was not aware of any pi -back"entrances into t e ot area of the lab. said did recall
visits to the lab duringI Isaid that during theI 1%FNU LNU conducted a qualit assurance inspection»in regards to t eIn the[::fi:::::::]a number of folks frmn[::::::]
also visited in connection with the Ba program.
13! [::::::]advised that someone could take items from
the hot area b secreting them and carrying them through theairlock. [:;;2E]said it also may be possible to place an item in
the passbox rom the hot side and then retrieve it on the coldside. [::;:::]said it may also be possible to remove items by
sending t em to the autoclave in the basement and then retrievingthem prior of operation of it. g::::::Isaid he did not know if the
autoclave had to function in or er to open the exit door after
putting an item into it.
14! I:_Iwas not aware
Select Agent for an improper purposeof anyone who would use a
of anyone with the access and 15! [::::::lwas not awareability to create or andle dangerous biological agents and
expressed hostile attitudes toward p
media or othersolitical organizations, the
' a
I I I16! I Iadvised thatI Iwas notsurprised[:::::::::]was a person of interest inthis investigation. I Isaid that I
~7 ' 17! was not aware
lax in handling o angerous items 0
interest in harmful agents.
. 18! was not awareof people at the lab who were
r expressed an inappropriate
of anyone with an inappropriate
interest in biological or chemical agents. .
»
. 19! advised I:I has
drying Ba and sending it through the
20! advised I:I was
interest in being a e to get around~7,no knowledge or interest in '
mail. p
not_aware of anyone who had an
forensic techniques. V
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21 advised does not have nor was aware of.>|:|J|II ...|:|anyone with persona or professional association with any area of
New Jersey. .
22! [::::::]advised[::]did not travel to New Jersey
during September or October of 2001, nor is| Iaware of anyIassociates doinq so. I Iadvised that]
23! advised|:| was aware of SOPS for de-
contamination o losafety work cabinets. [::]advised that
typically the decontamination was conducted by putting items to be
sterilized in the air locks and then placing boiling pans of
formaldehyde in the air locks.
. 24! [::::;:]advised that while[::]was at USAMRIID thevirology labs were econtaminated on a regular basis. [:::::Lsaid
that at least once a month they would have "decon days", usua ly on
a Friday. . . .
' 1
25! advised has smelled bacterial
decontaminatio' ~' th 't .V n agen s in e sui es
26! advised[::]never used sterilte boxes for
storage. v 2 .
4 . 27!; said[::]was not aware of an unauthorized or
unrecorded Ba work being conducted.
y~ 28! advised that all of[::]lab work was recorded
injbooks that were e t at USAMRIID. .
, 29! advisedlmnever purchased any prestamped
envelopes. ~
~' 30! advised[:]never used the vending machines at
Frederick to p prestamped envelopes. urc_ase
~ , 31! | ' advised that[::]never personally handled any
of the anthrax letters. , .
ijg. 32! I advised that[:]kms not done any analytical
work on the evidence in this case. y ~. >
. - :
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¢ .I Questions regarding |:|
V ." 1! I I advisedI:I knewI I
|+|
.~ g!
3! I Idid not know whenIadvisedI Irecalled seeinqI Iin a number
<
:' 4! [::::::]advised_that[::]never let[:::::]1 "piggyback"
into an areai
5! [::::::]advised[::gnever observed[:::::::]movingequipment or removing it from t e building.
I w 6! I IadvisedI__1believedI Iworked in the
Ibut could not state specifically whaE| Idid. -
I 7! I ihdvised thatI IsawI Iworkingl I
I I but_did not know specificafly whaEI Iwas working on.
_ 8!
removed or boadvisedL:;]did not know if[:::::::]everquipmen rom USAMRIID and never observed[:::] rrowe e
attempt to obtain discarded equipment.
10!9! advised£::]observed' both near the
cooler, room nd on the ot side of
said[::::::]never asked[:::]for anyisolates, equipment or access to other USAMRIID locations. '
<' 1 11! advised that other than in room[::::::::::]
may have stored samples in.[::]lab.
*1! 1 12! said[::]was not aware of any samples[::::::::]
may have brought to the lab. '
13! advised thaq:::::::]never discussed[:::]
. I , 6> .
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I I 14! I Isaid thatI Inever discussed[::::]
B
15! [::::::]said[:::::::]never made any references to
killing people
Q 16! I Isaid
ll!1
I IadvisedI Inever discussed
anfhrax.the possibility of mailing
| I 18! saidI Ineve mentioned.[:::::::::::::]
U . 19! said[::]was not aware if[::::::]had any
'Princetown, New Jersey. connectionsto
~ 20!
III
' 21!saidIL
saidI
saidII 22!
activities23! I IadvisedI Ihas no knowledge of[:::::::::::]
I I
I 24! I IadvisedI |
| 25! I kaidr__Ihas not had any coTtact with[:::::::]
26! [::::::]advised.[:]has no further information
regarding this investigation.
92
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1:/ 1
vigedl Inever hosted anv foreiqn scientists at USAMRIID nor was I
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HD3°2O* *1 695! ALL Imrnnnnrznn CONTAINED
HREIH IS UNCLASSIFIED
1 DATE 12~1s-200$ BY @0224 UC
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION _ I
Date of transcription O 5 / 13 / 2 O O4
9 t
I date of birth[::::::::::] social
securit number was interviewed on Ma 10, 2004, Y Yat[:::]place of employment at the United States Army Medical
Institute of Infectious Diseases USAMRIID!. After being
advised of the identity of the interviewing agents and the
purpose of the interview,[::::::::]provided the following
information: .IEilaICf_.I"II1K,.~"'I'l-I
b6
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I Ihas worked at Fort Detrick since
Istated thatI Ihad conductedaerosol challenges as part ofI IworkI
and that[::]had conducted Anthrax aerosol chaI1enges.
I Isaid thatI
I Isaid thatI Ihas seen a glass bottle ofItafian olive O11 in one of the aerosol rooms at USAMRIID, however,
could not recall exactly where. I I
hwwmwnml O5/10/2004 m Frederick, MD
File# 2'79AWF-222936USAMRIID "E*92?.» Date dictated N/A
S
by S
4 l 44 . Wp »This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions of ie FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned to your agency?136
b7C
¬-.._§______,
~ *~ 0 e
FD-302a Rev.10-6-95! ~
9-
-279AWF222936USAMRIID
Continuation of FD-302 of I I , On O 5 / 1 0 / 2 0 O4 , Page 2 b 5 '
107 C
I regarding what other
materials to add to the aerosol process.
P |guessed that oil couIH_be placed onto the 0-rings to
help them slide on and off of the piping.
The water u iliz during the aerosol process
was on y commercially purchased. is not aware of where the
water was purchased from.
'[::::::::]said that BRUCE IVINS did most of the postchallenge
latin following Anthrax aerosol challenges[::]was involved in. béE%:::::?:kf§f%iled some p nge material being taken back to bjcBuilding for work. EfE:¬%?%%Tis unaware of what the colony counts £§Ffrom the postchallenge plating are. [:::::::]does not know how much
|stated that after the colony counts were
completed on the postchallenge plates, if there was growth on the
plates, the practice is to autoclave the plates in the hood line prior
to disposal by whomever was reading them. After the plates are
autoclaved, they are taken to the basement and autoclaved again. The
bags taken to the basement only have the room number, initials of who
; was disposing of it, and the date. E:::::::]has noticed material left
' in the hood line b t l ' h ' ' ' , u a wa s wit a note explaining what the material Fwas and who left it. [::::E::] never saw plating of material remaining Eff
from the nebulizer done at USAMRIID. l
u
as never seen the material from a nebulizer poured back into
e s ock of material.
l lwas aware of what strains of anthrax[:] was working
Wlth| ks not aware of what stock the material
came from or who had made it.
[::::::;;]recalled that rooms contained the ii aerosol e ui men and the small autoclaves. believed that ' rooms[:::?::?::::]had lab space.92| |never noticed anyone extra
~ ~ 6 0
FD-302a Rev. 10-6-95!
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279A~WF222936USAMRIID b6
bh/C
Continuation ofFD-302 of I I , On 0 5 / 1 0 / 2 0 0 4 ,Page 3
or anyone who did not need to be present in roons [:::::::::]during the
aerosol challenges.
[::::::::]supposed that if an individual wanted to remove
material from the hot side of Buildin. E:::]that they could use theairlock or passbox systems. [::::::::inoted that individuals from[:::]
would use this process to remove items from the hot side of the
building.
[::::::::]was shown a picture of a circular lexi lass disc witha rubber edge for identification purposes. I Iwas unaware
of any equipment that the disc might have come from. I I
said that the disc possibly could have come from the ports on
the "8ball". The "8ball" is the old cloud room that has been
memorialized across the road from where Building[:::]was at Fort
Detrick.
knewI Ifrom passing in the
hallway. had taken the equipment from the enthouse of
Building to take from USAMRIID. I I
recalled I
is not aware of any activity that[:::::::]had in
I never saw in the rooms whe erosol
challenges were conducted. noted that when started working
in had alread eft USAMRIID. never sawwhat rov re[::lparked at USAMRIID. said
ay have seen in t e basement of Buildin once.
never saw on the hot side of Building
[::::::::]never saw a pre-stamped envelope at USAMRIID.
I |conductsI Iat USAMRIID. Initially
0 0
FD-302a Rev. 10-6-95!
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2'/9AWF222936USAMRIID
Continuation of FD-302 of I ,On O5/10/2004 ,Page A-
[:g::::::]reca1led researchers from Johns Hopkins usingsterilight oxes at USAMRIID. [:::::::]stated that there are still
units in the containment ar eas of USAMRIID. said that| |[:::::::::]wou1d know who exactly was using the boxes.
| Iremembered siqninq for two foreiqn yisitorstfrom
notpositive on last name!. | |ne§er saw any visitors in "hot" areas
at USAMRI ID .
I
K
1
I I '~ J IQlp-302 Rev. 10-6-95! .. .
ELL II~IFUPI{ATIUI~I CUITTAINED
HEETEIIJ I5 UNCLASSIFIED
__1_ DATE l2-15-EUUE BY UII BMIJDI-i.*'TH
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
Date of transcription Q5113 Z2904
On 05/07/2oo4,I Idate of birth-I I social securitv number:I Ihome addTess:[::::] b7 Cell:
was interviewed atI Iresidence After being
advised of the identit of the interviewing agents and the purposeof the interview,[::::Iprovided the following information.
I Iwas emploved at UQXMRIIDI L
I Iwhile at USAMRIID was assigned toI I IIand worked on various studies in the Bio-Safetv LevelI Suites involvinq92¬hthraxLI I
BRUCE IVINS provided all the cult res, and the AMES strain was usedas well as other strains. The v§als of_B. anthracis were stored,
in the aerosol containm§£§_hQQd_until_th§y were used and theniestrozed, I I
E:::]has never used the modified G sporulation media.
[::::]has never used any culture techniques.
Investigation on O 5 / O 7 / 2 0 O 4 at _I I b6
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File # 279AWF222936USAMRI ID ~ N5 Date dictated 05/13/2004
Postal Inspectorby I I Postal Inspector
This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions of the FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned to your agenc
it and its contents are not to be distributed outside your agency.
1 , '
FD-302a Rev. 10-6-95! _ , 0
Q
279AWF222936USAMRIID
Continuation of FD-302 of I I , On O 5 / O '7 / 2 O O 4 , Page 2
has never dried B. anthracis or used a lyophilizer.
does not know of any persons who had expertise in
weaponization techniques, spore production or lyophilizing.
I Iadvised that inI Iarea had a problem withcontamination £rom_Anrhra;; Thegitiijent caused a big uproar in 4
the Bacteriology Division and th t remembers coming into work
and noticing the area roped off and hearing reports of a
contamination spill.
I Iroutinely worked in buildingl I b6
I Ihas used the hot area of building 1412 and the walk-
in cooler room advised that the cooler was used by the
researchers and BRUCE IVINS to store media and live viruses when
Impheinsussrimthshsnialites-| Ialso said that Ehe roo
was never locked and that various researchers used the area to
store samples and was unaware of any AMES Ba samples being left
behind in the room.
[::::]advised that people did "piggyback" in and out of
the hot areas at USAMRIID but it was due to the fact that most
people did not realize that it ha ened due to the badge accessdevices not working correctly. [falso said that people would
forget their badges and were let into an area by a coworker.
[::::]advised that visiting scientists were taken into
the hot areas at USAMRIID but were always escorted and all select
agents were removed from the area before the visit. [::::]said the
biggest group to tour the hot areas were groups from Russia.
E:::]said that it would be very easy for someone to
remove select agents from the hot areas that they could do this by
utting a vial into a pocket or just holding it in their hand.E%:::]said that the select agents used were super concentrated and
that the person removing an agent would be putting themselves into
a position of infecting themselves.H1b6
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b2
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I weIalso worked inI Iand in I I136
1:73
FD-302a Rev. 10-6-95!
I
92l 1 1 Q
279AWF-222936USAMRIID
Continuation of FD-302 ofA I,0nO5/O7/2004 ,P%¢ 3
I |is
knowledge to make
ability to create
|:|iS
ability to create
expressed hostile
the media.unaware of anyone who wanted access or the
bioweapons or of anyone with the access or the
them.
unaware of any persons with the access and
or handle dangerous biological agents, or who
attitudes toward any political organization or
[:::]has never worked with anyone in[:::::::::::]that
was lax in handling dangerous items or inappropriately interested
in agents that could be turned into harmful agents. advisedthat people in[:::::::::::]would limit the number oi people that
they would work.
[::::]has never heard of any rumors of anyone interested
in obtaining anthrax or any other biological or chemical agents or
the means to produce them.
|:|could not say how|:|would go about reparing dried
p Ba and sending it
i it in liquid form
1 |:|
of New Jersey.through the mail. I Isaid that| Ihas only seen
and that| I
I::;:]is unaware of anyone who expressed a special
interest in eing able to get around forensic techniques.
[:::]does not have any relatives or professional
association with Trenton, New Jersey, Princeton or any other areabe
b7
2001 anddid not travel to New Jersey in September or October
I
[::::]advised that there are SOP's for decontamination of
Class II and Class III biosafetv cabinets and suites. | |
92C
1
FD-3 02a Rev. l0-6-95!
-.<
I
2'79AWF222936USAMRIID
Continuation of FD-302 of-l I,0n O5/0'7/2004 ,P§° 4b7C
advised that it was rare to leave vials of Ba underthe hood-line gor any period of time after being used for the
aerosol challenges but that it did happen one or two times due tobeing busy with other work and the lack of supervision. I I Sic
has smelled bleach in the virology suites but not in| areas.
as sterilite oxes for storage of research materials and has never[:::;]has never used any plastic storage containers, such
seen any at USAMRIID.
E:::]is unaware of any work being conducted with Ba or
its simulants which was unofficial or not recorded.
| |did not keep any lab notebooks however ldid advise
[::::]has never purchased restamped envelopes like theE::::f¬] r for an one else E:]has ones used in the mailings for o y .
also never used the vending machines in Frederick to purchase pre~
stamped envelopes.
envelopesE:::]did not handle nay of the anthraxlaced letters orbb
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I
l;D-302a Rev. 10-6-95!
I
2'79AWF222936USAMRIID
Continuation of FD-302 of I I , On O 5 / O '7 / 2 O O4 , Page 5
b6[:::;]has not done any of the analytical work on the b7C
evidence in t 1S case. I-
[:;;]advised that[:]Iws never seen any em t olive oilIbottles in t e hot areas at USAMRIID and said that
I did not knowI 92 I -7 7 I
| | 92
|I did not knowI I
:has neverI D I
I could not rovide investigators with any otherinformation in regards toE:::::::]or in reference to the anthrax
mailings.
I did not host any foreign visitors.
I was notI I
u ,1 In
. Rh hp
FD302 Rev. 10-6-95!
ALL IIIIFCIRI-IELTIDIII |:|:|I1IT.I&II'IED
HEREIN I5 LTIIIELASSIFIED 1
DATE l2l5F;EiEi8 BY 603342 UEI BPiIJ,.- DI-UTE _ -
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
Date of transcription O 5 [ O3 Z 2 O O4
date of birthI I Social b6Securitv Num er, as interviewed by Special AgentsI Ib7CI IatI lace of employment at the U.S. Army
Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases USAMRIID!, Ft
Detrick, Maryland, E::::::::::::::] After being advised of the
identities of the interviewing Agents and the nature of the interview,E::::]voluntarily provided the following information: ;?~92k!!*IJ
I 107C
Iutilized Ames stock from BQQCEI NS. I IlS pretty sure that IVINS received that Ames tock 92f¥§m Dugway Proving Ground as part of the[::::::::::]
Io 6
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The notes obtained bv SAI Iindicated that the
The stock of Bacillus anthracis Ba! used for the
aerosolization studies are diluted to the appropriate
concentrations usingI
b6
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mwwmmnm 6/2/2004 at Frederick, Maryland II /Ifr U1'=/-. . / gr/7 .Hie # 279A~WF222936USAMRII ; 279ABAClO 1392 Date dictated N/A
SA 92 'by SA I I is 48
This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions of the FBI. It is the property of the FBI and ls loaned to your agency.
it and its contents are not to be distributed outside your agency. - '
Ema 5-WL B3iikiiEifIIPé§é
My h
9%
A - Q
. Q Iii FD-302:1 Rev. 10-6-95!
I
279AWF;222936USAMRIID; 279ABAClOl392
Continuation of FD-302 of I I , On 6 / 2 / 2 O 0 4 , Page
If the autoclave is in use, the bagged
materials are left under the hood until the autoclave is ready
for another load. The materials from the studies are either in
the autoclave or under the hood; it never leaves the hot suite
without being autoclaved. Only animal carcasses are taken out
of the hot suite without autoclaving. Protocol maintains that
the carcasses be transported to the animal room in the basement
of Building 1412 to be autoclaved. I
I I EveryoneIknows the rules and procedures. For exampleJ
Iwas given to the FBI during a prior interview. I I_2_
b7C
The Agent Registry sheetI I I
I This vial was
leftover from previous researchers and was from BRUCE IVINS
collection. That vial has since been collected by the FBI,
specificallv bv Special Agentl
agreed to give the FBI copies of[:%E%Tesearch
notes from notebook located in the hot suite. will
either scan or fax the pages to the cold side and will also look
for other notebooks maintained byI Iagreedto contact SA[:::]once the copies are ready.
a aw of an Q-X¢@l Spreadsheet
1. .istinq II I This list has been sent to the corresponding 1A
file.
O - 5 O
FD-302 Rev. 10-6-95!Q Jill IBIFUPIIATIIIIH CIIIIXITAIIFEI-1
HEFEIIJ IS UI']ELJ155:FIE[|
-1- DATE 13-15 EIIIUEI E1" 5El32¢l UII Bi?!-U,*'I11*I.~*'T'1-I
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
Date of transcription O 6 / O 3 / 2 O O4b 6
b7C
I I date of birth|:|
social security numberI Iwas interviewed on June 2,
2004, at[:::]place of employment at the United States Army
Medical Institute of Infectious Diseases USAMRIID!. After
being advised of the identit of the interviewing agents and thepurpose of the interview, [:fE::::]provided the following
information: *
I:I stated mu_thJ' I
challenges of anthrax Ames
During the timeI Iwas involved in the aerosol challenges,
never noticed anyone present for the challenges that did not have a
purpose or reason to be there. I Idid not always
know what strain of anthrax was being handled during the aerosol
challenges.
was educated as aI I As part ofI I
education was educated in some aerosol topicshj I
I [:::::::]never worked withI I
[:::::::]<does not recall any Primary Investigator PI! ever
wanting the material remaining in the nebulizer following an aerosol
challenge returned to them.* '
I Irecalled rare occasions of
onl autoclaved material by using the autoclave in _
the hoodlines. autoclaved everything in the hood line.
be
hwwwmwon O6/2/2004 at Frederick, MD b7¢
nu# 27 _ - - » Dmemmd N/A
SA
4l55l.wpd
This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions of the FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned to vour agency;
FJ
¢ O - 5
FD-302a Rev. l0~6-95!
279AWF222936USAMRIID
Continuation of FD-302 of ' , On O 5 / 3 / 2 0 Q 4 , Page 2 '
b 6[;;::::::]never witnessed or conducted the - b7 [plating fo owing an aerosol challenge. l
[:::::::::]recalled sometimes the material collected in the allglass impinger AGI! was turned over to| I I
immediately following a challenge and sometimes the AGI material was
turned over once several challenges had been completed.
Fhe material that was turned over to| Iwas
ept in the first floor refrigerator in Building 1412. The material
was ke t for long amounts of time in the first floor refrigerator[::::::E] is not aware of how the postchallenge material, including the
postchallenge plates, were disposed of.
[:::::::]always labeled the tubes taken from the hood line
containing the postchallenge material with unique identifiers.
[::::::::]was aware of one occasion in which antifoam was
utilized in an aerosol challenge of anthrax. The occurrence took placeduring ' '
?n§_QnL1IQ_daM_Qf_aeIQsQl_QhallenQes_beinn_condncted_£or_BRHCE_1IVINS.
could not recall
e date on wlch tls event occurred stated that the use of
antifoam was not standard procedure for anthrax aerosol challenges.
Idoes not recallwhich strain of anthrax was used during this challenge. I I I
[%;::::::]stated that antifoam was never added to the
nebulizer uring an anthrax aerosol challenge. Antifoam was added to
the nebulizer as part of the aerosol process for other pathogens.
g Iis not aware of anysubstitute for antifoam in Ehe aerosol process. [:::::::]does notrecall who taught| |how to use the antifoam as part of the aerosol
process.
I ~ 0 ~ ~ 0
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279AWF222 93 6USAMRIID
Continuation ofFD-302 of _l I , On 0 6 / 3 / 2 0 04 ,Page 3
3 C
it is possible that if antifoam was utilized in an aerosol challengelthat it would not have been noted in the logs. I I
never introduced olive oil to the aerosol challenqe
_process.
rhad never heard of using olive oil as an
alternative to antifoam.
Inoted the High level of turnoverI
Iin the department.I
I Itold the interviewing agents that they should talk I
to|
[:::::::]<does not recall anyone showing any unusual interest
in the aerosol process.
E:::::::] provided the interviewing agents with two !documents. The first document containsI I I
L
I The second document given to agents contains a
break down of the first document by] I The list' 1:.ha.J;J I I[indicates
1 -2.003! M I
I F1EI!lEFlI92L.I3lJliIEl92LI IF:IlU92IEESFT1 iI9211 DlI
U
Precedence: PRIORITY Date: 07/O7/2004
b5
To: Washington Field,/ Attn: SA I b7CSqlad Amerithrax 3
From: I I .
Squad 54 I
Contact: SAI I
ALL INFDRHATIUN EENTAIHED: I HEREIN IE UNELASSIFEEE
DATE 12-l52DU3 BY EUEE4 UCApproved By
Drafted By: I I
Case ID #; 279A-WF-222936-LEAD*Q°QPending!
279AWF-222936USAMRIID&éPending!
Title: AMERITHRAX I -
MAJOR CASE 184
Synopsis: I Iinterviewed in[:::::::::::::]
Reference: 279AWF222936LEAD Serial 563
279AWF222936USAMRIID Serial 758
Enclosure s!: ! FD302 of[:::::::]dated 7/7/04. ! 1A
envelope containing interview notes and notated USAMRIID floor
plans.
Details: The purpose of this communication is to provide a
cover for the enclosed FD302 and associated documentation.
Close lead. .
In summarv.I I I
can testify concerning the work environment and standard-
operating procedures, butI Ihas no knowledge of anv
potentially illegal activitv. I
Descriptive Data:
Reference
Name Lass |:|
ff ,
z%W§[_
_{ I Ib6
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BAWDHfTHb6
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b¬
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c f TD.
92 Re
cell!
9+Washington Figd From | Q
279AWF222936LEAD 07/ _ 92 F '
First:
Middle:
Race:
Sex:
DOB:
SSN:
Address e
House #
Street
Street
City:
State:
Postal
Phone #:
Phone #:
~ Phone #:s!
Name:
Suffix
Code:
._, _
xi
4l801.wpdFD'3°2, R°"- 1°'6'95! ALL IIJFUPJ-Lf1.TI on corrriiiuru
HFEIH IE UHCLASEIFIED
1 D£T.E 12-l5-EUD3 BY EIIIBELI UC BEN.-DK1TH
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION D
bt
Date oftranscription O6/28/2004} b7C
[::::::::::::::::] date of birth| A Iwas
interviewed on June 22, 2004, at| |place of employment at the
United States Army Medical Institute of Infectious Diseases
USAMRIID!. After being advised of the identity of the
interviewing agents and the purpose of the interview,[::::]
provided the following information:
stated that everyone involved in an aerosol challenge in
Building signed a log sheet.
I said thatl It:::::::::::::::::] was not an unusual request. 92
[:::]never saw[::::::::::::::::]present for an anthrax
aerosol challenge.
would dispose of challenge material in the autoclave in
rooms in Buildinqj
[::::]recalled that postchallenge material was stored in the
first floor cooler in Building 1412. This included the AGIs utilized
in the aerosol challenges.
[::::]believed that[::]probably used antifoam on anthrax
aerosol challenges, however, could not recall a specific instance.
[::::]was taught the aerosol process and proper uses for antifoam by
Iwwhmbnm O6/22/2004 M Frederick, MD
File # 279A-WF222 936USAMRI ID -Qf Date divtatsd N/A
PI b6
b?c'
This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions of the FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned to your agency;
8 .~ 0 1 » Q
FD-302a Rev. 10-6-95!
I
A
bo
279AWF222936USAMRIID b7C
Continuation of FD-302 of I , On O 6 / 2 2 / 2 O O4 , Page _2'_
Ihad heard that olive oil could be used~in theaerosol process, however,! |never used it. [::::]believed that there
might have been a small g ass bottle of olive oil in the cabinet inroom[:::]of Building 1412. [::::]could not recall the brand of oil.
All trash made in Building|UUUU would be autoclaved in the
basement.
I IBRUCE IVINS determined which
stocks would be used on each challenge.
I Iwas shown a copy of the aerosol exposure data forms| _
[:::] does not recall ever adding antifoam to the nebulizer
for anthrax challenges.
[::::]is not aware of how long the post~challenge material is
maintained following an anthrax challen e. stated that the post-
challenge plates were kept for weeks. recalled that IVINS would
do the colonv count for the oostchallenge plates by hand,
A copy of the aerosol exposure log sheet will be maintained
in the 1A containing the notes of this interview.
_ _ Ii L7
j E Qr
ALL IHFDPHATIUH EUHTAINE3 b7C- -222936USAMRIID-igl! HU&1Ml5UMAA$R&D
DATE 12-16-2305 DY 50324 UC nawrna
92 ' l '
92
On 06/03/2004, Special Agent SA! |collected twentyfive %q§L Bacillus anthracis Ames sporesamples from Dr. BRUCE E ;92lVINS in Suite |:|of the
Bacteriology Division of THé92U.S. Army Medical Research
Institute of Infectious Diseases USAMRIID!, Fort Detrick,
Maryland. In an FD-302 dated O6/O8/2004, SA[:::::]described
the collected samples in tabular format. Sample number six
!, further described as Ames spores 2433 CDC 7738", which
consisted of nine 9! milliliters of a liquid suspension, was
a sample from IVINS that had previously been stored in
building[::::]of USAMRIID. The sa l h been submitted to
the FBI Ames Repository by of USAMRIID as
submission FBIRO47 on O4/O7 2004. _
,3/er |:|4""°"""O ab6
b".-'C
b2
bl/F
- t I h
I92 -. 92. _I 9 6
FD-302 Rev'1o6_95! ALL II-IFDPIELTIUI-I EDI-TFAIHED
HE13!jEIIlI IS U}ICL§t$5IFIEII92
_1_ DATE l2l62ClCli3 El E5324 UC BH[IL»1IH, l'£i
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
Date of transcription r07 /22 /2 O O492 , 92On July 22, 2004,| lwere bf-interviewed at their place of employment at the U; . rm edica bc
Research Institute of Infectious Diseases USAMRIID!.
[:::::::]provided the following information:
I |stated that| bg
hm
b2
b7
. informed Special Agent| |that the owner of the
I The original stock of the Amesstrain was proviaed by BRUC§ IVINS on April 22, 2002 from thelmmgu
stock.
b6
b7
b2
b7
[:::::]stated that[:]vms available to answer any other
questions relating to Iphone
number at USAMRIID is
. hwynm 7/22/04 m Fort Detrick, Marylandbo
b7CF
b7C
V
F
b6 é
b7C
4%
1
x
Q OI Ix '
Rev. 01-31-2003! B
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
Precedence: ROUTINE Date: 07/14/2004
To: Washington Field Attn: IIC
SSA
ALL IIIIFIJRI-LLTIUEII |:0mT.r1.I1~n:r:| SSA
HEEIH I5 UHCLAS5IFIED SEX I
IALTZE J.;2-J.¢1-;;;|:1I:1§= BY a|;::;z;4 uc lsm.-»1:;1»:,-*'1'tc+1 USPII
From: Washington Field
AMX3 I' Contact: SAI
Drafted By: I I i
Case ID #= 279AWF222936USAMRIIDl/ Pending!-°¢3%}__
Title: AMERITHRAX
MAJOR CASE 184
Synopsis: To summarize information obtained from five archived
laboratory notebooks_which pertained to activities and
experiments conducted by| |Dr. Bruce Ivins
I lat the United States Army Medical Institute
for Infectious Diseases USAMRIID!, Fort Detrick, Maryland.
Details: In June O04, five laboratory notebooks from
I |D_r_._s; ceugIyins | | at,USAM IIDWeexieviewed. wEtr"es i these notebooks were made by
Ivins, and various other individuals, both known and un nown.
The information contained herein was obtained from the notebooks.
Numbers are assigned by the USAMRIID library to all
laboratory notebooks issued to Principal Investigators. The
notebooks can be turned in to the library for archival when -
completed. Notebooks may also be retained by individual
researchers or in biological containment suites within USAMRIID.
Because several notebooks were used concurrently, this
information is not presented in absolute chronological order.
NonAmes research is presented only if protocols might
prove pertinent or if Ames was probably used as a control.
¢u-nlnuun
Notebook:[:::::] issued on October 7, 1980 and entitled
[:::::::::] contained information on isolation and purification of
, polysaccharides from Bacillus subtilis, sonification of BacillusI - |:|II%92b6
137$
I
I36
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b6
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b6
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anthracis Ba! Sterne, a protocol for the challenge of anthrax
polysaccharides, anthrax polysaccharide protein assays, and othersimilar information. Entries were made by[::::::::]and an
unknown individual.
On page 1, dated October 1, 1980, an unnamed growth
media recipe was provided for isolation and urification of
olysaccharides from Bacillus sp., reouirin
On page 10, written January 19, 1981, an experimental
protocol byI I was listed.
This protocol was entitled "Challenge of anthrax polysaccharide
Sterne strain vaccinated guinea pigs with virulent B.
anthracis, Vollum 1B." The objective of this protocol was to
determine whether vaccination of guinea pigs with polysaccharide
derived from the attenuated B. anthracis, Sterne strain would
protect the animals against challenge with the virulent Vollum 1B
strain of B. anthracis. No results were immediately provided.
An April 27, 1981 entry on page 15 provided a recipe
for "G" medium in which Sterne could be sporulated: I I
A recipe for "R" medium was listed on
April 28, 1981. Page 27, written by an unknowninitialed and dated by[:::::g::::::::] revealed
1 et up an ran an ELISA test
strain o ant rax spores.page 17 and dated
individual but
that on Jul 15,with the:
using the following medium: I_ On page 32, spore coat protein studies were conducted
2
'Another unknown individual's handwriting was displayed
on pages 42-44, and involved developing an ELISA test for the PAlat -
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component of the anthrax toxin unknown strain!. No date was
listed for this test.
Notebo k &l::::]VgiNotebook issued January 5, 1981 and entitled
"Legionnaires' Disease , contained information on Legionnaire's
Disease, fermenter runs with Bacillus anthracis Sterne, work with
an anthrax vaccine, and other related information. Entries were
made by Bruce Ivins.
Page 24, dated February 4, 1981, described a medium
preparation of anthrax toxin unspecified strain!, which was a
modification of the "Haines, Klein, and Lincoln" preparation from
the "Journal of Bacteriology", 89: 74-83.
"Run #1 - Sterne Supe" was listed on page 28 and dated
February 12, 1981. "Run #2", with some changes to that
experimental procedure, was listed on page 40 and dated March 5,
1981. Ivins also ran tests attempting to purify the Ba toxin or
any of its components.
On page 48, dated March 19, 1981, Ivins wrote that
[::::]has given me some PA" and that| Ihas
given me some anthrax vaccine adsorbed onto aluminum
hydroxide!." The strain used for the vaccine is unknown, but the
Ba was of an "avirulent, nonencapsulated strain".
. Page 64, on April 16, 1981, lists a protocol involving
inoculating Ba Sterne from a 24-hour blood plate.
NotebQ§§:£l::::::]
Notebook [::::] issued April 29, 1981 and entitled
"Rapid Detection of Infectious Diseases", contained information
about R medium composition, optimum toxin production conditions,
the[:::::::::::]anthrax strain, comparison of media for growth
and toxin production, nontoxicity of spores after heat
passaging, and other related information. Entries were made by
Bruce Ivins.
Page 1, dated May 11, 1981, was entitled [::::][:g::::;:::]defined medium for B. anthracis." On the next page,t ree iters of the[;:::::::]medium were made, dispensed into
flasks, and incubate . On page 4, Ivins detailed a procedure in
which he rew five liters of Ba strain unknown! to give to[::::::::i%::::::] However, no rats died after being injected with
this medium; Ivins speculated that he harvested the Ba too early
in the growth phase of the organism. On page 18, one liter of
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the[:::::::]n@dium was again inoculated and the su ernant fromthis solution was saved and given t@
Page 21 lists the[:::::::]Ivins medium reci e. On
a e 25 dated July 1, 1981, Ivins received fromE%f%::::t::::]and inoculated it into medium. After
performing an experiment on it, Ivins concluded that all the V-
770-NPIR strains at USAMRIID produce lethal anthrax toxin.
On page 40, written August 21, 1981, Ivins comparedtoxin production by| Iinla Imedium with slight
shaking versus no shaking. He foun , on page 41, that not as
much growth was found with stationary cultures as with gently
shaken cultures. Furthermore Ivins determined that, for maximumtoxin production in the[;;:::;;]n@dium, the inoculum blood plate
must be incubated in an a mosp ere containing carbon dioxide
[::::]had been used in the past!. On the same page, Ivins also
found that, according to "Bergey's Manual of DeterminativeBacteriology", the maximum growth temperature of Ba was[::]
On page 43, dated August 28, 1981, Ivins noted that
there appeared to be differences with respect to growth of
several avirulent and virulent strains of B. anthracis. He
inoculated the Sterne, Vollum 1B Ames Colorado, and Texasstrains into[:::::]nedium and[:::::::1medium. On the next
page, Ivins determined that, when inocu ating from a plate,
evidently the best growth and toxin production in R medium comes
when a fresh vegetative cells, not spores! blood plate incubated
in an atmosphere containing carbon dioxide is used. .
Page 60, dated October 3, 1981, detailed Ivins
observations that:
| ' hi I
2. Incubation for atlcarbon dioxide is better for the [inoculum
than incubation for only3. The R medium isEa:heifTr medium for toxin
production than the medium.
4. Toxin was bound to the heterologous protein BSA!
on the polypropylene centrifuge tube. ~
Ivins also wanted to demonstrate that carbon dioxide
promotes toxin production when inoculum plates are incubated in
carbon dioxide. Additionally, he wanted to determine the best
times for incubation of the plates. After conducting an
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experiment to test this, Ivins found thatL::Lhours was too long
an incubation time for the blood late. e elieved it wasapparent, at least for Sterne and%:::::::::::] that carbon ,
dioxide in the atmosphere was necessary. In the future, Ivins
wanted to try raising the percentage of carbon dioxide to see
whether the change increased toxin production.
On page 63, dated October 18, 1981, Ivins wrote that he
and Perry Mikesell were running tests to determine whether heat
assaging.with the Sterne,| I[?:::]and Vollum 1B strains caused the cells to lose a plasmid
that encodes toxin antigen or a toxin regulatory protein. On
page 72, Ivins speculated that the heat-passaged strains lost a
plasmid which:
a. encodes for one or more of the toxin antigens
b. encodes for a direct genetic positive regulatory
element
c. encodes-for a protease or a protease control
element protease is responsible for cleaving large
molecule s! into smaller molecules which can escape the
cell. The large molecule s! may not be able to be
easily secreted. Two or all three of the antigens may
be derived from a single protein of large molecular
weight!.
Ivins noted that he may wish to look for protease
activities in the supernants and cytosols of the parent or heat-
passaged strains; he also may wish to look for large molecular
weight greater than 100,000! anthrax antigens in the cytosols of
the passaged strains.
Notebodk4::::::]
Notebook:[:::::] issue date January 25, 1983 and
entitled contained information on the anthrax toxin EF
spore coat protein, the aerosol challenge test, and a
PCA test. Entries were made by and an unknown
individual. There was no table o contents.
On page 8, written March 29, 1983, [;;:;;:;;1conducted
an experiment to determine whether aeration ha t e eneficial
effect of increasing the EF component of the anthrax toxin-
unknown strain!. Results of this experiment were not listed.
Page 9, and most of the subsequent pages, contained
tables of test results of various experiments. Limited
5component, tagles of various ex eriment results, an experiment onb7F
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information was listed on the pages, which restricted
deciphering of the tests conducted.
Page 27, continued from page 38 of Notebook E::::]
listed an experimental protocol for spore coat protein studies.
The protocol was entitled "Protective efficacy of experimental
anthrax vaccine against anthrax aerosol challenge". Its
objective was to evaluate the efficacy of spore coat protein to
rotect uinea i s a ainst ch ll 'th l f p g p g g a en e W1 aeroso s o anthraxspores. The strains used were[::::§::::::]and Vollum 1B.
On page 29, dated May 11, 1983, an unknown individual
list e survival response to an aerosol challenge known as the
test. This test used the Vollum 1B strain.
On page 30, dated July 1, 19a3,|:| attempted to
determine the relationship between protocatechyuic acid PCA! and
the.anthrax toxin, Sterne strain. No results of this experiment
were provided. _
Notebgg :Notebook| l issued Auqust 30 1996 and entitledI L3 contained
information on shipments of Ba Irom Dugway roving Grounds,
Dugway, Utah to USAMRIID, quality control sheets for these
shipments, Ivins' laboratory procedures upon receipt of the
Dugway shipments, and a draft of the standard operating procedure
SOP! used by Dugway to prepare the Ba Ames spores. Also
contained in the notebook was correspondence, experimental
results, and protocols for a serological evaluation of anthrax-
naive human plasma and phlebotomy protocols. Numerous
individuals contributed to this notebook. There was no table of
contents.
One entry listed Ba shipped to USAMRIID from Dugway for
sterilization by irradiation. This occurred on thirteen
different occasions between March 31, 1994 and May 14, 1996.
On April 21, 1997,L;;;;;;;::;]of Dugway shipped the
first two lots /12/97 and o Ba Ames spore
preparations. The total volume was approximatel of paste
and liquid with a total of approximately spores.
These spores were received in ood condition on April 24, 1997 byBruce Ivins. Ivins[:::::::::%::::]transferred them into three
500ml centrifuge bottles with a total of about 420 ml of sterile
water for injection. On April 28, 1997, 600 mll I
H Ito each of eight polypropylene
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centrifuge bottles; these were stored at 2-8 degrees Celsius.
On May 1, 1997, Ivins sent an email to| | I
I saying that he had 'ust purified the spores from Dugway onl Ivins wrote, "They look good,
separate not clumped!, virtually no bacilli or other debris.
The final preparation isE:::]unclumped, refractile spores." The
ultimate viability was determined to be about] I
In a memorandum dated June 9, 1997,[::::::]described
lots 3, 4, and 5 lot numbers 4/22/97, 4/25/97, and 5/19/97,
respectively! of Ba Ames spore preparations. The total volume
was approximatel of paste and liquid with a total ofapproximatelyE:fEE;;;;;;Lpores. Ivins received this shipment on
June 25, 1997. During Ivins processing of the spore
leach of 8 sterile polypropylene
centrifuge bottles; the bottles were stored at 2-8 de rees was left with 250 ml a
In a memorandum dated July 8, 1997,[::::::]described
sending two lots, numbered 5/22/97 and 6/28/97, to Ivins. Ivins
received this shipment on July 10, 1997. Durinq his processing{preparations, he added] I I
Ieach of 4 sterile
polypropylene centrifuge bottles; these bottles were stored at 2-
s was left with 170 ml of
In a memorandum dated July 23, 1997,[::::::]described
sending two lots, numbered 6/11/97 and 6/17/97, to Ivins. Ivins
received this shipment on July 24, 1997. During his processing
of the sHof the spore preparations, Ivins added]
1each of 8 sterile polypropylene
i centrifuge bottles; these bottles were stored at |Celsius. Ultimately, Ivins waslleft with 240 ml
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In a memorandum dated August 6, l997,E:::::]described b6
sending two lots, numbered 7/21/97 and 8/2/97, to Ivins. Ivins byc
received this shipment on August 7, 1997. During his processing b7Fof the spore preparations, Ivins added] HE Bleach of 8 sterile polypropylenecentrifuge bottles; these ottles were stored at rgglsigsd Ultimately, Ivins ras left with 140 ml
In a memorandum dated September 3, 1997,[:::::]
described sending one lot, numbered 8/4/97, to Ivins. Ivins
received this shipment on September 4, 1997. Durin his[processing of the spore preparations, Ivins addedl I
each of 8 sterile
polypropylene centrifuge bottles; these bottles were stored at 2-' ' ins was left with 100 ml [:::::::]FE1dQQrEQE1g§llui11ulLlmaL§l¥L11In a memorandum dated September 23, 1997,E;::::]
described sending two lots, numbered 9/9/97 and 9/15 97, to
Ivins. Ivins received this shipment on September 25, 1997.|Durinq his processing of the spore preparations, Ivins addedl I
| leach of 16 .
sterile polypropylene centrifuge bottles; these bottles were
stored at 2-8 degrees Celsius. Ultimately, Ivins determined that
the spores were too "dirty", with too much debris. These spores
would not be added to the GLP Ames spore batch.
Quality control sheets for batch numbers 4/12/97, _4/14/97, 4/22/97, 4/25/97, ,5/19/97, 5/22/97, 6~/28/97, 7/11/97, 2? .
7/17/97 7 21/97, 8/2/97, 8/4/97, 9/9/97, and 9/15/97 were sent 1from[::t:i5to Ivins on October 30, 1997. In addition, scanning
electron microscope photographs from lots 4/12/97 and 5/19/97
were included.
Ivins sent an email to| I I
i Ion October 9, 1997. The email regarded the _GLP Ames spores received from Du wa . Ivins advised that the bf'on would be known as and consisted of E::] E5?E%???ffEjAmes spores, greater than of which is in individual, '
refractile spores. Less than[::]of the material is clumpedspores, nonrefractile spores, vegetative cells, or other debris. I
i II Ivins also conveyed that he, '
would run tests on the preparation and
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Re: 279A~WF222936USAMRIID, O7/14/2004
would take pictures of the results. On October 22, 1997, Ivins
wrote another emai1 to all the above individuals except
[:::::::::] In this e-mail} he discussed dispensing the sporesinto yarious aliquots, and revealed that the concentration was
about
I
Another notebook entry was entitled "Scope of Work
Bacillus anthracis Ames Spores". A letter was sent from[::::::]
| and detailed the terms of the
agreement involving USAMRIID shipping 4 vials of Ba spores to
Dugway. Dugway would then grow a total of approximately 10
batches of spores, which would be sent as individual shipments to
USAMRIID. The USAMRIID points of contact were designated as
Bruce Ivins technical! and] |§administrative!,
while the Dugway points of contact were administrative! and[::::::::::] technical!. A standard
operating procedure SOP! containing the details of how the
spores were produced, equipment used, materials, and quality
control procedures used was to be provided within one month after
Dugway's last shipment to USAMRIID. In addition, batch records
for each spore preparation produced would contain the following
quality control results: the percentage of spores and vegetative
cells, a test for the viability of spores after heatshocking of
a test sample, electron microscopy photographs of spore
preparations, photographs of colony morphology, photographs of
spore stains, and phage sensitivity. In addition, 10 colonies
from each batch would be tested on halo agar. The supplier, lot
number of media cbmponents used, media sterility test results,
and the results of purity testing of the spore preparations would
also be provided. Purity testing was to be conducted prior to
heat shocking. Each batch, including all photographs and
results, was to include a batch number at the time of the
shipment. The batch records were to be sent within two weeks of
each shipment.
Also contained within the notebook was a Dugway
procedure for anthrax spore preparation in bench top fermentors.
This standard operating procedure SOP! draft outlined the
culture and processing methods used for preparation of Ba spores
in less than 10 liter quantities. Such preparations were for use
as challenge material in testing biodefense material. The
preparations could also be used for other applications such as
antigen for the production of antiserum or for use as coating
antigen in antibody capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays
ELISAS!.
On February 12, 1998,[::::::::]emailed[::::::]to
request that Dugway send a letter stating that the draft SOP
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entitled "Procedure for anthrax spore preparation in bench top
fermentors" was in fact the final procedure used for the spore
preparations sent to USAMRIID from Dugway. However, no such
letter from[:::::]was found in the notebook.
One of the steps in the above SOP under "Materials and
Methods" required addingl I
Numerous pages within the notebook contained
correspondence, experimental results, and protocols for a
serological evaluation of anthrax-naive human plasma and
phlebotomy protocols. Also in the notebook was a "MTT
Cytotoxicity Assay for E:::::::]Samples", dated 7/2/96. These
samples did not appear to include Ba.
' A report, dated February 18, 1997, was entitled ,
"Affinit Purified Human IgG AntiPA", and was written by LTC[::::::::E::::::]of USAMRIIDs Diagnostic Systems Division.
Reference Material Recei t Record RMR! 1012 datedDecember 6, 1996 and written by'E:fE::::::] described aAffinity
Purified Anthrax Human IgG". -
A re ort entitled Methods in Immunohematology" waswritten by[::i%:::::::] Director of the Blood Bank Reference
Laboratory and Associate Professor of Immunohematology at the
University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan. This
report described plasma recalcification and the treatment of
collected blood, plasma, and serum. ,
A special report for| I[:::l:as written on January 22, 1997 by BMDS, Radio Frequency
Tec ologies. This report referenced quality control validation
procedures for BMDS equipment and devices, and summarized the
_ various tests and quality control steps applied to the IPTT
transponder.
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On January 3, 1997 I|sendLj a letter concerning
This letter involved
the study, number] | performed for USAMRIID from August 16,
1996 to December 12, 1996.
A fifth laboratory notebook that was written or co~
written by Bruce Ivins and once archived by the USAMRIID library
had been destroyed and so its contents could not be examined.
The USAMRIID library advised that they contained no other
laboratory notebooks from Ivins which the FBI had not already
perused.
Q0
11Ib6
, by I I Postal Inspector HI LwT@gV ;>v/I f
Q U
FD-3 . - - 02 Rev 10 6 95! ALL II-IFUP1{$a.TIEiI£ CMITAIIJED
HEB-EIII I3 UIIIELA;EiEiIFIEI.I
_1_ DATE L2-16-ZIJIIIE BY EUBE4 UII BM=I.r"DK.~"TH
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
Date of transcription O 1 I O 8 f 2 O
~
~ /:On 01 0'7 2004,| date of b
birth: social security number:I home b7Cdd "pa ress: ome p oneynumber: I work phone numr: wasinterviewed atI Iplace or empioymen . Kfter being advised of the
identity of the interviewing agents and the purpose of the1nterv1ew,[:::]provided the following information. '
K [::::]is employed as I I| Iof USAMRIID specialiZ?921'_r_q
| Ll 1 Fin! '1has a from the University o
and a|ColleqeI Feurrent work involves work in
current work involvesI II Idoes_no direct work witH§¬acillus anthracis B.anthracls!. ' 9292
' ' when
workinq for
I Iworked with livind§B. anthracis forI I
I Ihas never used the modified G sporulation media.
E:::]has never sent B. anthracis or done any research
outside of USAMRIID. .
135
Invesrigmionon 01/07/2004 at USAMRIID, Fort Detrick, MD W
. /<§§Z> 92sss
PM 2'79AWF~222936USAMRIID, 279ABA-C1Ol392'DaK=dimfed 1/08/2004
Postal Inspector
This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions of the FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned to your agency;
it and its contents are not to be distributed outside your agency.
' FD-302:1 Rev. 10-6-95! ' i
279AWF222936USAMRIID, 279ABA-ClOl392
Continuation of FD-302 of ' I , On O 1 / O '7 / 2 O O 4 , Page Z
[::::::]work involved the use of small amounts of a single
colony.
[::::]has never used dried B. anthracis or used alyophilizer to dry it. | I
' [:::]provided the following names of people who may have
expertise in weaponization techniques, spore production, andllyophilizinq of Ba; BRUCE IVINS] l
u
E::;:lcould not identify any areas of USAMRIID which had
problems wit acterial contamination. [::]did recall that swabs
were taken after samples of the B. anthracis evidence was brought
into USAMRIID and that one or two spores were found.
identified suite area] Ias the area routinel
used. has worked in room] rooms
and rooms| .
[::::]has used the walk-in cooler in room[:::]and stated
that it is a large walkin type unit and is used by everyone
including temporary researchers. E:]also stated that many items
have been left behind in it by temporary researchers after thewere finished with their research. [:]stated that during[:::ii:;;]
the cooler was cleaned out and old researc|projects destroyed. I
92E:::]stated that the cooler is used by a lar e number of
different researchers in various departments and[:::::::::::::::]stated that[::]has seen unknown researchers in thecooler but said that it was normal. E:::;]also stated that it is a
constant battle to clean out the coo er ockers with old stuff left
in them.
E:::1knew "piggy~backin " ha ened and that let people[::]knew enter into areas behind[:%::::ff]also stated that[:] hasb6
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FD-3 02:1 Rev. 10-6-95!
I
279AWF-222936-USAMRIID, 279A-BA-ClO139Z
Continuation of FD-302 of | , On O 1 / O '7 2 O O4 , Page 3 b6
b
never observed any unknown persons in areas that they were not
supposed to be in. ~
i Visiting scientists were taken into hot areas, but it was
difficult due to the fact that they had to go through safety .
training and instruction first before being allowed into the areas.
[::::]has never known anyone to attempt to remove any
items covertlyn E:]stated that all items set for destruction are
double bagged and tagged. [::]stated that if someone wanted to
remove an item covertly that it would be an easy task, but[::]has
never seen or heard of anything being removed.
[::::]did not know anyone who may want to make a Select
Agent for use in some improper fashion.
E:::]does not know of anyone hostile toward any political
organization, media or others.
[::::]does not know or suspect anyone who might beinvolved in the mailing of the anthraxlaced letters. [::]does not
know of anyone to have an interest in gaining access to anthrax or
any other chemical agents or means to produce them without a
special reason.
[::::]stated "No", "two part question" when asked if iknew of anyone being lax in the handling of dangerous items. [i]
then stated that people who have been lax have been disci lined and
removed. r__1stated that only one person came tp '
[::::]is unaware of anyone who expressed a special
interest in being able to get around forensic techniques.
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279AWF~222936USAMRIID, 279ABA-ClOl392
Continuation 0fFD-302 of | , On Q 1 / O '7 /2 O Q 4 , Page 4 b Q
b 7 V' [:::] does not have any association with Trenton, or
Princeton, New Jersey.
has never been to New Jersey and does not like totrave |H Istated that.[:]was at work during the mailingsin 200l.
There are SOP's for decontamination of Class II and IIIbiosafety areas, and paraformaldehyde is used as well as bleach dueto the fact that most of the equipment is stainless steel.
There is an autoclave in the basement for usingglutaraldehyde to clean and decontaminate paper and was last usedin the late 1980's for destruction of lab notebooks.
Q ihas never smelled any decontamination agents in the
Plastic containers are used for sharps, pads and are ofthe red plastic type, small containers used in the hood areas.Various sizes are used to autoclave items and cultures but no largesize containers are used.
. [::::]is unaware of any work being conducted with Ba orits simulants for any unofficial work.
' [::::::]work was recorded in lab notebooks and isin the library at USAMRIID a e control of[:::::::fEfffThere is a total of| i
E:::]has never purchased prestamped envelopes like the~ ones used in the mailings.
[::::]has never used any of the vending machines inFrederick to purchase prestamped envelopes. '
/ [:::]has never handled any of the anthraxlaced letters
or envelopes.
[::::]did not do any of the analytical work on theevidence for this case.
1
L__i___ I
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I
279AWF222936USAMRIID, 279ABAClOl392
Continuation of FD-302 of I I , On O 1 / O '7 / 2 O O4 , Page 5 h ,
I Idid 1101; ]g;1owI
'1 I
[:::]only recalls seein [::::::]in the hot suitebuilding and only by face in[:::ij '
I I Inever jawI Iat USAMRIID after[:::::::]
g::::]is unaware of anytime that[:] let[::::::] piggybackinto buil ing areas.
[::::]did not know what[:::;:::]was workin on at USAMRIIDdue to the fict that[:::::::]was wor ing in the [::fi::::]
[:::]was unaware of ever seeing[::::::]working with or
using a lyophilizer. Other people use the equipment, and it is an
open area used twentyfour hours a day.
[::::]did not know of[::::::]removing any equipment.
did not recall ever seeing by the walkincoolert rgg%%;2:] [::::::]
[:::]never talked to[::::::]while[:::::::]was at
USAMRIID. I I said thatI Iwould have to storeI Isamples iT
I I did not know of any resfarch samples that[:::::::]
I I never talked withI Iin reference to I
I has neverI I
I I I
r
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279A-WF222936USA192/IRIID, 279ABAC_IlOl3 92
Continuation ofFD-302 of I I , On 0 1 / 0 7 / 2 0 , Page 6
Investigators may want to talk to the followingindividuals in reference to the case,: I I
I:I did not host any foreign visitors.
I W618 I1OtI I
The investigation ofI:Iis still in progress as of
August 9, 2004. 'b6
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* E H Q Q
P15-3_o2 RAY -10-6-95!
* ALL II-IFIBFLILETIXIIIII
J HEREIN IS TEICLAS
I -1.. DATE l2L!':'=-ECICIE
sf FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATIONEEITAII~iED
SIFIED
BY 2 4
Date of transcription O 7 Z 3 O Z 2 O O4
On July 23, 2004,I Iresiding atI _ l _ I IStelephoneI_l wasinterviewed by Special Agents After being
advised of the nature of the interview and the identity of the
Agents[::::::]provided the following information:
I IattendedI Ischoolin inthd Iwhere was schooled i F I
Iis currently employed atI I
I Istated thatI
I Iadvised thatI IwasI I
urther expounded on this
through the interview and stated that was never involved in the
growth of Ba or other infected sam les was not familiar withspecific contracts or projects. [:?::::]stated that the Ba and
other infectious sam les were located in various storage areas.
E:::::]stated that did not feel these storage areas had
appropriate security. stated that[:::]would routinel seeindividuals " i gyback" into the storage areas. In addition%::::::] stated that[i%i?saw visitors all the time and some appeared to be
unescorted.
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Investigation on '7/23/2004 at Fairport , New YOIk
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it and its contents are not to be distributed outside your agency. 'TJC E1£aIJ_.-"]IiK,>"I'I-I
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Continuation of FD-302 of _ , On '7 / 2 3 / 2 O O4 , Page 2
[::::::]stated that was familiar with the Hot Suites"
in the buildin s specificall H g Y E:::::::::::::Kwas not familiar with the walkin cooler in room| |
and was not familiar with what was stored there.
[::::::]stated that[:::]was f ' with the names ofb6
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Euce Ivins from paperwork at USAMRIIDi 7 I E33
The scientist that| |recalled working with
92 |3phonetic!, there were other scientist whic
could not recall by name.
92 [::::::%stated that if individuals wanted to removeselected agents rom the "Hot Suites" it may be possible.Scientist would routinely leave the selected agent out with a noteto the Team members on what needed to be done with them. Thesesamples where not signed out and it appeared that they did not have
' a good accounting for them.
[::::::]stated that[:::]never used the modified Gsporulation media and was unsure what this technique is.
[::::::]did not have knowledge of the culture techniquesused, the drying of Ba, types of lyophilizer used, strains of Bacharacterized, where strains of Ba originated or manufactured, orthe types of strains to include the Ames strain.
[::::::]was not familiar with individuals who hadexpertise in wea onization techni ues spore production andlyophilizing. [f%::::]stated that1:;:Iwas not aware of anyone whowould want to weaponize the materia s at USAMRIID or anyone who maywant to make a Select Agent for use in some improper fashion.
[:::::;]was not aware of any person with access andability to crea e or handle dangerous biological agents whoexpressed a hostile attitude toward any political organization, the
media or others. . I lstated that bé 107$
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i [::::::]was not aware of any individual who|[::]could
consider to be a suspect of p ' being associated with themailings of anthrax letters. Tffi?2f]stated that[:::::::::::]was
not involved in the mailing of anthrax letters.
E:::::]was not aware of anyone who was lax in handling
dangerous items or inappropriately interested in agents that could
be turned into harmful agents.
[:::::]was unaware of any individual at USAMRIID who was
rumored to be interested in gaining access to anthrax or any other
biological or chemical agents or the means to produce them without
a specific need or responsibility to do so.
was not familiar with the process of drying Ba and
sending it t rough the mail.
was not familiar with anyone who expressed a
special interest in being able to get around forensic techniques.
does not have any personal or professional
association related to Trenton, New Jersey or other areas of NJ.
did not travel and was not aware of others
[::::::]stated that the Standard Operating Procedures for
decontamination of Class II and Class III was to spray bleach,
discard hazardous materials in the ap ro riate trash bags, sharpsin the appropriate sharps container. ?::¬:::]stated that there were
also filters however was not familiar with them.
I I |stated that] Ihad friends in I I
[::::::]stated that.E::]never used plastic storage
containers, such as sterilite boxes, for storage of materials at
USAMRIID.
E::::::]was not aware of any work being conducted with Ba
or its stimulants which was unofficial or not recorded. "
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traveling to NJ in September or October 2001. | Ihad been $§P3/<4
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Continuation ofFD-302 of I , On 7 / 2 3 / 2 0 0 4 , Page 4
I
I stated that all ofI Iwork was recorded in lab
notebooks I
did not purchase prestamped envelopes.
did not purchase pre-stamped envelopes in vending
machines.
I did not personally handle any of the anthrax laced
letters or enve opes.
did
not do any analytical work on the evidence in this case.
I Iwas familiar withI I I
eard make references to killing people,
po itica issues, scenarios involving anthrax, avoiding forensic
detection, books or reading materials.
was not aware of
was not aware of whomI Iassociated with or if
had connections in NJ or Princeton.
I According toI I I
'never letE::::::]"piggyback" into any area with[:::] never saw remov ' nt from USAMRIID or anundetectable area, never sawt:ff7iffjperform any scientific work.
[::::::]was not aware of where[;:::;;]stored sam les andImaterial, not aware of any samples or ma eria which I
[::::::]did not foreign visitin scientist during[::]employment at USAMRIID. stated thatI[fE]did see foreign
visiting scientist while was employed there.
I:I was not I IIn dL_______IHiscussI I
never hb6
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Continuation of FD-302 of _ , On '7 / 2 3 / 2 0 O 4 , Page
|:|stated that |:|was not aware of any additional
information which may be helpful to this investigation.
Ne Duplieatien Fees are eharged fer Deleted Page Infenatien Sheet sFEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
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