FM 28-105 The Special Service Company

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CIAL SERVICE

COMPANY

ITMENT • 5 JANUARY 1944

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WAR DEPARTMENT BASIC FIELD MANUAL
FM 28-105

THE

SPECIAL SERVICE
COMPANY

WAR DEPARTMENT • 5 JANUARY 1944

United States Government Printing Office
Washington : 1944

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WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington 25, D. C., 5 January 1944.

FM 28-105, The Special Service Company, is published
for the information and guidance of all concerned.

[A.G. 300.7 (2 S«p 43).]

By order of the Secretary of War:

G. C. MARSHALL,

Chief of Staff.

Official :

J. A. ULIO,

Major General,

The Adjutant General.

Distribution :

(For explanation of symbol see FM 21-6.)

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CONTENTS

Paragraphs Page

CHAPTER 1. GENERAL 1-12 1

CHAPTER 2. ATHLETICS AND PHYSICAL

FITNESS 13-17 5

CHAPTER 3. FIELD ENTERTAINMENT 18-23 10

CHAPTER 4. LIBRARY, SOLDIER NEWSPAPER,

INFORMATION AND EDUCATION.

Section I. Field library 24—29 28

II. Soldier newspaper 30-33 31

III. Information and education 36—38 36

CHAPTER 5. CANTEEN AND EXCHANGE

SECTION 39-43 41

CHAPTER 6. LOADING OF SPECIAL SERV-
ICE EQUIPMENT 44-47 46

APPENDIX 1-9 50

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CHAPTER 1
GENERAL

1. The Special Service Company is an independent, self-
sustaining, semimobile organization, trained and equipped
to provide recreational and informational services to troops
serving in a theater of operations. It is able to provide
forward echelons with services and facilities otherwise avail-
able only in base sections.

2 . The company may be assigned to an army, corps, or divi-
sion, in a theater of operations, or to an independent task
force. For administrative purposes it is attached to the
headquarters of such echelons.

3 . Sufficient mess personnel enables it to operate cafeterias,
snack bars, and soup kitchens in addition to its own mess.

4 . Motor vehicles provide complete transport for its equip-
ment. Shuttle methods enable its personnel to be transported
rapidly. Recreational activities, including mobile canteen
and exchange services, can be extended over a considerable
area with such transport.

5. Equipped and designed as infantry, the company is armed
with rifles and carbines, and is trained for defensive opera-
tions against infantry attack in the areas appropriate to its
activities.

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6 . The personnel of the company consists largely of tech-
nicians trained in the following specialties:

0. Athletics.

b. Entertainment.

(1) Music.

( 2 ) Theatrical.

( 3 ) Radio.

( 4 ) Motion pictures.

c. Information and education.

(1) Library.

(2) Education.

( 3 ) Publications.

d. Canteen and field exchange.

(1) Field canteen.

(2) Field exchange.

7 . The equipment of the Special Service Company is issued
on the basis of T/E 28-17. Specialized equipment of the
Special Service Company includes standardized recreational
kits for the technicians listed above, as follows:

a. Kit “A”, SS Sports and Games (see app., par. 1).

b. Kit “A-l”, SS Athletic (see fig. 1 and app., par. 2).

c. Kit “B”, SS Radio-Phonograph, Records, Songbooks
(see app., par. 3).

d. Kit “B-l”, SS Radiq-Public Address, Electric Gen-
erator (see fig. 2 and app., par. 4).

e. Kit “C”, SS Library (see fig. 6 and app., par. 8).

f. Kit “D”, SS Music (see fig. 3 and app., par. 5).

g. Kit “E”, SS Theatrical (see fig. 4 and app., par. 6).

h. Kit “I”, SS Publishing (see fig. 7 and app., par. 9).

1. Kit “J”, SS Motion Picture (see fig. 5 and app., par. 7).

8. Except for such services as are rendered to other troop
units during the training period, the Special Service Com-
pany operates only in oversea theaters. It is assigned by

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War Department orders to a theater or independent task
force according to local requirements and the availability of
trained companies. In general one Special Service Company
can service adequately at one time a force of approximately
15,000 men by setting up four recreational centers. These
centers provide the field equivalent of service clubs and post
exchanges and have athletic and entertainment facilities.

9 . The Special Service Company, organized under T/O
28-17, is composed of a company headquarters and four
identical platoons. Each platoon is composed of a platoon
headquarters, a service section, and an exchange and canteen
section. (See fig. 10.)

10 . The mobilization training program of the Special
Service Company, covering a period of 13 weeks, is pre-
scribed by MTP 28-1. When time permits, a second period
of advanced training of 13 weeks (or less) is added, during
which the company is given additional military instruction
and is trained to operate as a unit while carrying on its
service operations in conjunction with units of other arms
and services. The advanced (unit) training program is
prescribed by MTP 28-2.

11. Training literature is prescribed by MTP 28-1 and
MTP 28-2. Special emphasis will be placed on TM
21-205 and MIS Special Series No. 11 (Morale-building
Activities in Foreign Armies), as well as on all War De-
partment publications on Special Service and Army Ex-
change Service activities, and on publications originated
by the Director, Special Service Division, Army Service
Forces.

12 . The organic transport of the Special Service Company
is prescribed by T/O 28—17 and T/E 28—17. It consists
of —

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o. One 34-ton truck assigned to company headquarters.

b. Four 24-ton trucks (weapon carriers) — one assigned
to the canteen and field exchange section of each platoon.

c. Five 234-ton cargo trucks — one assigned to the service
section of each platoon and one to the company headquarters.

d. Five 1-ton cargo trailers — one assigned to the service
section of each platoon and one to company headquarters.

Note. For method of loading special service kits see chapter VI.

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CHAPTER 2

ATHLETICS AND PHYSICAL

FITNESS

13. ATHLETICS, o. Experience has shown that battle fatigue
does not prevent soldiers from engaging in strenuous sports
and games.

b. The development of esprit de corps from interunit
competition is as important in recreational value as the re-
sultant physical conditioning of the men. Athletic recreation
not only stimulates the body, but also clears the mind.

c. The Special Service Company with its kits of carefully
selected athletic equipment and its trained personnel is able to
organize and direct competitive games as well as to assist in
providing the facilities for a well-balanced athletic program
in oversea installations.

14. DEVELOPING AND MAINTAINING PHYSICAL FIT-
NESS OF TROOPS. The Special Service Company may be
directed to take charge of a physical fitness program for the
troops of the area in which the company is operating. Vari-
ous officers and athletic technicians of the Special Service
Company are qualified and trained to take charge of the
physical fitness program. They are especially trained to teach
physical training in accordance with Training Circular No.
87, War Department, 1942. Officers and athletic technicians
of the Special Service Company also are trained and qualified
to develop and administer physical fitness tests.

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15. PERSONNEL, o. In each Special Service Company there
are four athletic technicians — one for each platoon.

(1) Each athletic technician is familiar with TM 21-220
and should be able to play, coach, and officiate most of these
sports.

(2) Special Service Company technicians are trained and
equipped to furnish assistance to special service officers in
the planning and directing of athletic programs in the field.

(3) The athletic technician is trained to service and repair
the athletic kit (Kit “A-l”) carried by his service section
and in addition to such duty he may be required to repair
the athletic kits (Kit “A”) turned in by tactical units to
oversea supply depots.

b. Immediately upon being ordered to a new area, the
athletic technician will make himself familiar with the ter-
rain and all conditions which may affect the athletic program.

c. When so directed, the athletic technician will assist
special service officers in the actual planning of the program.

(1) In general, the athletic program will give emphasis to —

(a) Universal participation.

(b) Recreational sports and games.

(c) Athletic activities that will further the physical con-
ditioning of troops in keeping with the policies as laid down
by the commanding officer of the troops being serviced.

(2) The program should be adjusted to the terrain, climate
and weather, and to the conditions of the troops to be serviced.

d. The athletic technician is familiar with the reference
and source books included in Kit “A-l.”

e. Improvised athletic facilities should be freely used when
necessary.

16. EQUIPMENT, o. Each company going overseas has an
athletic kit (Kit “A”) which is issued at the port of embarka-
tion. The Special Service Company, in addition to Kit “A,”
has four specially designed athletic kits (Kit “A-l”; one
for each platoon.) Kit “A-l” supplements Kit “A.”

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b. Kit "A" (Sports and Games) consists of usual athletic
equipment for playing baseball, football, volleyball, table
tennis, etc., and a small-games unit containing playing cards,
checkers, and other such games equipment.

c. Kit "A-1" (Athletic) is an athletic and athletic repair
kit used by troops and for the laying of playing fields, guid-
ance and instruction of athletic recreation ; consists of basket-
balls, baseballs, sports books, boxing gloves, etc. (See fig. 1
and app. par. 2.)

17. CARE OF EQUIPMENT, o. Leather Goods in General.

(1) The most common sources of trouble with leather goods
are high temperature and excessive moisture. Green mold
which forms under conditions of excessive moisture will rot
leather if allowed to accumulate and remain.

(2) In order to prevent green mold rot, leather articles should
be kept in a cool dry place. When wet, leather articles should
be dried immediately at normal room temperature without
the use of artificial heat. If repeated wetting and drying
are encountered, there will be a tendency for a harshness to
develop but this can be overcome by applying neat’s-foot
oil sparingly.

(3) Leather that has become soiled should be cleaned with
saddle soap which is procurable as cleaning and preserving
material (T/BA 28). No other type of soap or dry-
cleaning fluid should be used.

b. Care of Footballs, Basketballs, etc.

(1) Inflated balls should be stored inflated, but at below
normal pressure. This is particularly true of last-bilt or
molded balls. They should not be folded or crushed.

(2) When inflating a ball with a rubber core-valve, always
moisten the needle preferably with glycerin. A rusty needle
will injure the core of the valve.

(3) When available, always use a pressure gauge to insure
correct inflation. Overinflation should be avoided as this
materially affects the shape and life of any ball.

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Figure 1 . — Kit “A-l” — Athletic equipment.

( 4 ) Whenever possible, stalls should be constructed for the
storage of balls. Each ball should have a separate stall.
This will avoid crushing and will allow plenty of circula-
tion for drying.

c. Supporters. Wash in lukewarm water, using mild soap
to clean, when returned for reissue.

d. Rubber Goods. The chief enemies of rubber are
direct sunlight, heat, grease, and oil. Duration of exposure
should be reduced to a minimum. Grease and oil should be
removed with soap and water. Never use dry-cleaning fluids
on rubber goods.

e. Table Tennis.

(1) Loosen nets when not in use.

(2) Remove dents in balls by pouring hot water over them.

f. Volley ball Nets. In damp areas, tarred nets are best.
All nets should be carefully preserved as nets are increasingly
difficult to get. They should be taken in during bad weather,
kept dry, and repaired at the first indication of damage. The
nets should be loosened to relieve tension when not in use.

g. Baseballs and Soft balls. A broken stitch should be
repaired and rips sewed. Covers should be cleaned and kept
dry.

h. Bats. Moisture is the main source of difficulty. When
necessary apply a good coat of spar varnish to protect the
wood.

i. Repair of Laceless Inflated Balls. See instructions
accompanying these balls.

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CHAPTER 3

FIELD ENTERTAINMENT

18. GENERAL, a. Entertainment in all its forms brings re-
laxation and stimulation to the tired soldier. It helps restore
him to fighting trim. The technicians of the Special Service
Company will bring such entertainment to the soldier when
and where he needs it most.

b. The objective of technicians in the entertainment field
is not to furnish shows or entertainment. It is to induce par -
ticipation of as many soldiers of the units services as possible.
Technicians will frequently start entertainment, but the car-
rying out of a program, whenever possible and practicable,
^hould be done by the soldiers themselves.

19. PERSONNEL. The technicians responsible for the enter-
tainment facilities in a Special Service Company are the
music, radio, theater, and motion-picture technicians. There
are four of each of these technicians in the Special Service
Company. One of each is assigned to a platoon.

a. Music Technician. (1) The music technician should be
able to play the piano and possibly one or more of the other
musical instruments found in Kit “D,” as well as to repair
most of those instruments. He should understand the use of
the instruction books and assist the men in learning how to
play the instruments contained in that kit. He should be

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able to read music, select proper music for variety shows,
train and lead an orchestra, lead a soldier “sing,” and accom-
pany individual or group singers on the piano. The ability
to sing and entertain generally, while not essential, is a valu-
able asset. It is the music technician’s responsibility to see
that the contents of Kit “D” are distributed to the soldiers at
the time needed and also to see that these are returned.

( 2 ) The objective of the music technician is to get maximum
participation on the part of the men in the units serviced.
Close liaison with the theater technician is essential since
music is the heart of most entertainment.

b. Radio Technician. The radio technician should be
able to set up and operate the equipment of Kit “B-l” ( AN-
TI Q-2) and also make minor repairs. He should be trained
to handle radio reception problems, operate the phonograph
with both recordings and transcriptions, set up the micro-
phone properly, place the loudspeakers so as to secure most
effective results, and operate the gasoline-driven generator.
He should be trained as an announcer and master of cere-
monies, and should be familiar with the entire field of enter-
tainment. The radio technician usually should work in close
liaison with the theatrical and music technicians.

c. Theater Technician. The theater technician should
have a flair for entertainment and some ability as an actor,
director, stage manager, scenery designer, and painter,
make-up man, and writer, all in one, and be able to handle
any of these duties should necessary personnel otherwise be
not available. He should be able to spot and develop talent,
and plan and direct all details of any type of soldier show. He
should distribute contents of Kit “E” to performers at the
show and collect such equipment after the show, or designate
appropriate personnel to handle these duties.

d. Motion-Picture Technician. (1) In each Special Serv-
ice Company are twelve motion-picture technicians, four be-
ing designated as motion-picture equipment repairmen and
eight as projectionists. The equipment repairmen should

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likewise qualify as projectionists. For proper operation,
each kit requires the services of one projectionist and one
assistant as a minimum.

( 2 ) All motion picture technicians should understand not
only the use. and repair of the motion picture equipment
carried by the Special Service Company, but also all types
of 16 -mm sound motion picture equipment used by troops.
Loss or damage of equipment overseas may necessitate use of
a different type of equipment.

e. Securing Talent. (1) General. Steps should be taken
to make certain that no man with talent or potential talent
is missed, and if time and facilities permit, questionnaires
may be circulated among the men asking those with enter-
taining talent to so indicate. A verbal request for talent is
sometimes faster and more productive of immediate results.
Bulletin board notices and notices read at formation are also
effective. The first sergeant of each company can also be
helpful in securing talent. The time and place for volunteer
talent to assemble should be specified.

(2) Musicians. All potential musicians, if time allows,
should be carefully interviewed and tried out. They may
be picked for orchestras, as individual or group players, or for
specialties.

(3) Singers. Ability to put over a song as well as having
a good voice is important in singers, particularly where they
serve as soloists or harmony groups rather than in choruses.

(4) Dancers. Dancers may be individual soft shoe, tap
dancers, or chorus dancers.

(5) Actors, (a) As actors may be chosen for individual
monologues, specialties, skits, or one-act plays, opportunities
for potential talent are unlimited, and the technicians should
investigate and catalog all applicants for future use.

(b) For detailed information concerning actors, attention
it directed to the “Soldier Shows Guide.”

(6) Master of Ceremonies. The “MC” sets the pace for
the entire show and is vital to the success of each part. He

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should be selected from the troops being serviced, if possible,
and have the following attributes:

(a) Good voice.

(b) Sense of humor.

(d) Natural leader — able to handle crowds.

(e) Quick witted — able to handle new and unforeseen
happenings in a show.

20. PLANNING THE PROGRAM, a. The available talent ,
facilities, and time determine the type of program to be pre-
sented.

(1) Some field operations may permit the use of buildings
where full-length variety shows may be held and also allow
troops to be in that area long enough to rehearse such type
of shows.

(2) Other field operations may have limited facilities and a
constantly changing soldier personnel. In such areas, the
special service officer or technician may well present a pro-
gram in the open air by setting up Kit “B-l” and Kit “D”
under a tree or other convenient spot and by playing selected
transcriptions interspersed with appropriate remarks by an
“MC,” or with personal observations or entertainment as
time allows by known talent picked from the audience.
Short-wave radio programs, where reception is good, may»
also be used. Improvisation and ingenuity are often neces-
sary.

b. Technical personnel. (1) If personnel, facilities, and
time are available, the following staff obtained from troops
serviced is desirable in order to divide the work involved
and give opportunity for self-expression to the individual
soldier :

(a) General director of production.

(b) Musical director.

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(d) Stage manager.

(e) Writer.

(f) Scenery and costume designer.

(g) Property manager.

(h) Electrician.

(i) Scene painter.

(j) Sceneshifter.

(k) Carpenter.

(l) Make-up men.

(2) The duties of the foregoing staff are explained in the
“Soldier Shows Guide/’ and detailed information is also
contained therein on such matters as how to construct, paint,
and light the scenery, and how to make up actors.

( 3 ) It is possible to combine the twelve positions mentioned
above into four or five, or if necessary to have the special
service technicians handle this work where personnel is not
available.

c. Typical programs that contain a variety of entertain-
ment, properly spaced and timed, include —

(1) Recorded programs from Kit “B-l.”

(2) Music, both live and recorded.

( 3 ) Monologues.

( 4 ) Skits.

* ( 5 ) One-act plays.

(6) Dancer’s, soft shoe, tap, etc., solo or group.

( 7 ) Singers, individual, harmony group, soldier sing.

(8) Specialty acts, magic, etc.

d. Valuable hints on musical revues and vaudeville will
be found in the “Soldier Shows Guide.”

e. Response to individual acts and the pattern of the first
show will assist in determining the scope of future shows.

f. Assembly and dispersal of audience and policing of area
are the responsibilities of the special service officer of the
tactical units involved.

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21. EQUIPMENT, a. General. The three special service
kits for general entertainment in the field are Kit “B-l”
(AN/TIQ— 2) or Public Address and Radio Kit (distribu-
tion: four per Special Service Company— one for each pla-
toon) ; Kit “D” or Musical Kit (distribution: four per
Special Service Company — one for each platoon) ; and Kit
“E” or Theatrical Kit (distribution: four per Special Service
Company — one for each platoon). The use of these three
kits in combination will result in diversified entertainment
programs. The active participation of troops served should
be utilized to the fullest extent. Each Special Service Com-
pany is issued, for training purposes, one standard recrea-
tional equipment kit (radio-phonograph), Kit “B.” One
of these kits also is issued automatically by the port quarter-
master at the port of embarkation to each company or similar
unit moving overseas, and this kit will accompany the troops
leaving the port unless specific directions to the contrary are
given by the task force commander concerned. If the task
force commander directs that these kits will not accompany
troops upon their departure, the port commander will arrange
to forward them at the earliest opportunity.

b. Kit “B” (Radio-Phonograph) consists of a portable
radio, portable phonograph, song and fiction books, phono-
graph records, and harmonicas. (See app., par. 3.)

c. Kit “B-l” (Radio-Phonograph) is a radio phonograph,
public-address system, with microphone and loud speaker for
broadcasts for radio and recordings and for amplification of
musical and entertainment skits by troops. This kit contains
a gas engine, electric generator 750-watt output. (See fig. 2
and app., par. 4.)

d. Kit “D” (Musical) is a collection of instruments con-
taining one piano, guitars, mandolins, ukeleles, harmonicas,
tonettes, ocarinas, and various publications and maintenance
parts for musical instruments. (See fig. 3 and app., par. 5.)

•. Kit “E” (Theatrical) consists of theatrical equipment
consisting of costumes, wigs, make-up, kits of grease paints,

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mmmman

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Figure 2. — Kit “ B-l ” (AN /TIQ-2) — Public address and radio.

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17.J

Figure 3. — Kit “D” — Musical equipment.

powder, etc., to enable troops to stage impromptu theatricals.
(See fig. 4 and app., par. 6.)
f. Each section is responsible for all kits assigned to it.

22. CARE OF EQUIPMENT, a. Kit "B-!" (AN/TIQ-2).

Instruction as to care and maintenance of the Public Address
and Radio Kit is contained in the pamphlet of the manufac-
turer found in each kit.

b. Kit "D". (1) Band Instruments. The care and repair
of band instruments is covered by FM 28-5 and TM 20-
250.

(2) Pianos. The specifications covering the pianos supplied
to Special Service Companies insure a sturdy and well-made
instrument. The mechanism of the piano, however, must
have good care. The following rules should be carefully
observed :

(a) Keep the piano away from hot steam pipes, stoves,
registers, or radiators.

(b) Maintain an even temperature for the piano if possible,
avoiding sudden changes from hot to cold and direct drafts.

(c) Although the piano is specially treated for tropical
climates, frequent inspection should be made of the mecha-
nism in order to remove mildew and excess dampness.

(d) Keep the case and keyboard clean and free from dust
and debris.

(e) Clean the interior of the piano by frequently using
soft damp rags and soft dust brush for the purpose.

(f) While extensive regulation of the key action may not
be practicable in the field, it is important that the action be
free and without undue looseness. A mixture of one-half
alcohol and one-half water, applied with a thin piece of soft
wool to the guide pins so that a small drop of the mixture
may be released, should relieve the binding. Tighten all
screws in the action and frame. Lightly oil working parts of
pedal.

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(9) The strings of the piano, being metal, may rust.
Black lead or chalk placed on a soft rag and lightly rubbed
over the strings should remove rust and corrosion.

(h) The outside of the case should be wiped clean with
a soft damp cloth. A polish is not essential, although a good
grade of water wax rubbed over the instrument will tend to
preserve the finish.

(i) The damper lock should always be placed in position
when the piano is being moved. This protects the action
from road shocks.

(|) Music technicians should tune the piano only when
absolutely necessary, maintaining the pitch at 440 vibrations,
which is the pitch of band and orchestra instruments manu-
factured in the United States. (See “Piano Tuning and
Allied Arts,” W. B. White.)

(k) While the equipment furnished will not permit ex-
tensive repairs to the piano, constant care and the adjustment
of minor defects will usually prevent serious trouble.

(l) In moving the piano from place to place and when
loading and unloading from trucks, there should be a suffi-
cient number of helpers to insure carrying without strain or
danger of dropping the instrument. Keep the piano as level
as possible at all times.

(3) Guitar. The Spanish model guitar included in the
musical kit will serve satisfactorily with reasonable care
which should include keeping the instrument clean and dry,
and maintaining the mechanism by frequently cleaning and
oiling lightly the patent head. The metal strings should be
treated lightly with a very thin oil. Spare parts include
bridge and patent head, which constitute a complete unit,
and an extra finger board.

(4) Mandolin. The care of the mandolin is the same as
that necessary for the maintenance of the guitar. The nec-
essary parts with which to make repairs are included in the
kit.

(5) Ukulele. The ukulele has flesh strings which are sus-
ceptible to heat and moisture. They should be loosened

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slightly when the instrument is not in use. Its care is the
same as that prescribed for the guitar and mandolin.

(6) Harmonica.

(a) The harmonica is of American make, 10 holes, 20
reeds, and is played in the key of C. The reeds may be re-
placed, but care should be exercised in removing the reed
section as the tone chambers are made of plastic material.

(b) Since the harmonica comes in contact with the mouth,
particular care should be exercised in keeping the instrument
clean. If reissued, it may be sterilized by wiping holes with
a cloth dampened with a mild antiseptic. Alcohol should
not be used as it may dissolve the plastic material.

(7) Ocarina. Care should be exercised to make certain
the instrument is sterilized if it is reissued. The ocarina is
made of plastic material and an antiseptic solution other
than alcohol should be used.

(8) Tonette. The tonette and song flute are both similar
to the ocarina in playing characteristics and the care is the
same as for that instrument.

(9) Accessories and Spare Parts. Accessories and spare
parts should be used sparingly and kept in good condition.
It is probable that replacements of instruments and parts
may be difficult to procure, particularly for units serving
outside the continental limits of the United States.

(10) Repairs and adjustments. An important function
of the music technicians is that of making minor repairs and
adjustments of the musical instruments of swing bands and
in some instances the authorized regimental bands in the field.
The musical kit includes spare parts and repair equipment
with which slightly damaged brass and wood wind instru-
ments may be placed in good playing condition. The music
technician should learn the nomenclature of the instruments
of the band and follow the instructions for maintenance and
repair which are given in FM 28-5 and TM 20-250.

(11) Song Books and Music. Care should be exercised in
handling the books which are paper bound. In moist, humid
climates, frequent inspections should be made in order to re-

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move mildew and accumulated moisture. A record should
be kept when song books have been loaned to troops, and in-
structions issued for proper care and prompt return. Typed
and mimeographed copies of the songs to be used should be
distributed instead of loaning song books whenever possible.
. c. Kit "E"— Theatrical Equipment (see fig. 4 and app.,
par. 6).

(1) Make-up Roll.

(a) This unrolls to form an apron. After use all items
should be replaced in the appropriate pockets. Fasten flaps
and roll from bottom to top. Under no circumstances should
make-up roll be dropped into container improperly rolled.

(b) Make-up items may be difficult to replenish. Lids
should be kept tight and care taken to avoid waste.

(2) Tools. A company marking should be placed on each
tool to prevent loss or return to wrong company. In the
event tools become wet, they should be carefully wiped off
before returning to the kit. These tools are to be used ex-
clusively in connection with the kit and not to be used for
other purposes.

(3) Costumes, (a) Care should be exercised in handling
and wearing costumes to make sure they are not torn or
discolored with make-up. After each use they should be
carefully folded and placed in the kit in an appropriate place.
Performers should not don costumes until after their make-up
is complete and just before going on for their performance.
No performer should be permitted to leave the place where
the performance is given while wearing his costume. Dam-
aged or discolored costumes should be immediately repaired.

(b) After use, wigs should be carefully smoothed out,
folded, and placed in proper receptacle.

(c) The poster and textile coloring matter is in bottles
and in a wooden case; lids on these bottles should be closed
tightly before placing in the unit container. All of this
coloring matter is of considerable strength and may be di-
luted before use according to requirements.

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(PH—408) — Motion picture and projector equipment.

(4) Miscellaneous Items, (a) A careful check should be
made on bandanas to be sure they are used exclusively for
costume purposes and are all returned at the conclusion of
the performance.

(b) An inventory is placed on the inside of the top cover
in each kit, and each item should be carefully checked before
the kit is removed from the performance area.

23. MOTION PICTURE ENTERTAINMENT, a. General.

Field operations do not ordinarily permit fixed theater in-
stallations, and improvisation is essential to provide maximum
use of equipment and films.

b. Kit "J" (Motion Picture Projection) (16-mm sound.)
This is a motion picture projection outfit with a dual Ampro
projector, screen, floor stand microphone, and a 1,500-watt
gas engine electric generator. (See fig. 5 and app. par. 7.)

c. Operating the Equipment. (1) Where electric cur-
rent is available (50-60 cycle, 110-115 volt, a-c) the equip-
ment may be connected directly to the current.

(2) Where current of above type is not available, the pro-
jector should be connected with the generator.

(3) For technical instructions as to the operation of a single
projector and sound unit, see manual of instructions fur-
nished with each kit. Where a show of more than one reel
of 1,600 feet is to be presented using two projectors, see sup-
plementary instructions for operation of dual projectors fur-
nished in each kit.

(4) For technical instructions as to the operation of the
generator, see generator instruction pamphlet furnished in
each kit.

d. Obtaining the Film. (1) At ports of embarkation each
Special Service Company will be supplied with a number of
3-reel entertainment film cartons. Each carton contains one
Hollywood entertainment feature film and shorts. This
makes one complete movie program running 90 to 120

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minutes. These films will be exhibited by the company im-
mediately upon arrival overseas and until such time (usually
a month) as arrangements can be made to secure feature films
through the oversea film exchange.

(2) Upon arrival overseas, the commanding officer of the
company should arrange with the local film exchange officer
of the Overseas Motion Picture Service, usually located at
the theater of operations headquarters and generally under
the supervision of the chief special service officer, for future
films. He will be required to turn in the film packages
obtained at the port of embarkation before delivery is made
of these films.

(a) It is the responsibility of the officer in charge of the
OMPS Exchange to route replacement programs to Special
Service Companies upon request by the commanding officer
of the company.

(b) Where more than one Special Service Company is
operating in an area, or the one Special Service Company is
operating with four detached and dispersed service stations,
a small circuit may be set up to insure widest possible show-
ings of individual films.

(c) Because of the shortage in raw film for extra prints,
it is essential that exhibited films be returned promptly to
the nearest OMPS Exchange when new films are secured
or that the OMPS Exchange be promptly advised of the
whereabouts of films where minor circuits are established.

e. Types of films available. (1) Entertainment Feature
Films. These are current Hollywood-produced feature films,
exactly as exhibited in theaters in the United States.

(2) 61 Movies. These are complete 45-minute programs in-
cluding special short subjects, travelogs, song shorts, sport
shorts, and newsreels procured through the cooperation of the
motion picture industry, plus the Armed Forces* own ex-
clusive information film series, “The Army-Navy Screen
Magazine/* and other Government productions. Each re-
lease or program comes as a single 1,600-foot film intended
expressly for 16-mm projectors.

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(3) Orientation Films. These are the “Why We Fight”
series, and are secured in same manner as feature films. By
War Department directive, all troops must see them.

f. Presenting the Show. (1) The theater may be indoors
or outdoors, depending upon the facilities furnished and mem
to be serviced. The equipment is effective in gatherings upl
to 2,500 men, depending upon acoustical and visual con- 1
ditions. Correct operating conditions presuppose facilities
for setting up the screen so that all men may see, and using
the sound amplifiers so that all men may hear.

(a) Indoors. A stage or raised platform should be avail-
able so that the screen will be visible from all parts of the
building, and the sound amplifiers should be placed near the
screen and above floor level.

(b) Outdoors. In most theaters of operation, outdoor
facilities only will be available. A space should be chosen
which is free from wind to avoid distorted images produced
by a moving screen. It is advantageous if the audience can
sit on sloping ground facing the screen.

( 2 ) Advance announcements published in camp newspapers,
displayed on bulletin boards, and made verbally at forma-
tions should give information as to date, time, place, and title
of each show.

(3) The turntables furnished in each kit can be used for
preshow entertainment with recordings borrowed from the
Kit “B-l.” An audience may gather to see the picture be-
fore it is dark enough to start the screening, and judicious use
of recordings, plus live talent from the audience by means of
the microphone, will add to the entertainment value of the ]
screening. In addition, in the event of a break-down of \
equipment while the show is on, the use of recordings will f
entertain the audience during the necessary time it takes to 1
repair the equipment.

(4) Where blackout conditions exist, steps should be taken
to insure presentation of shows with suitable blackout pro-
tection.

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g. Use of Equipment for Training Purposes. The

motion picture equipment of the Special Service Company
will be utilized for training purposes when not required for
motion picture entertainment. The commanding officer of
the company will inform commanding officers of tactical
units in the immediate vicinity of the availability of this
equipment, and will arrange schedules for the use of this
equipment when not required for other purposes. Liaison
should also be maintained with neighboring Signal Corps in-
stallations for cooperation in the use and maintenance of
this equipment.

h. Care of Motion Picture Screen. The following sug-
gestions will prove valuable:

(1) See that standards supporting the screen roller are firmly
secured, using guy ropes or wires as needed.

(2) Use care to prevent bending of the roller. Do not at-
tempt to roll the screen if the roller is bent, as the result will
be a permanent crease in the screen.

( 3 ) The life of the large screen furnished with the motion
picture equipment should be prolonged whenever possible by
making use of improvised screens or reflection areas on walls
when pictures are to be shown to small groups. A small
screen, if available, should be used in lieu of the large screen
for practice purposes and for showing pictures to small
groups.

( 4 ) When insects collect on the screen, turn off the light for

several minutes before rolling it up as most insects attracted
to the screen by the light will leave as soon as it is darkened.
When insects become mashed on the screen allow time for
drying and then remove with a soft brush. Do not wash
soiled areas on the screen. Do not spray the screen with in-
sect repellents as these preparations all have an oil base w’hich
will impair the power of the screen to reflect light. Care
should be exercised to prevent the screen from being exposed
to rain. _

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CHAPTER 4

LIBRARY , SOLDIER NEWSPAPER,
INFORMATION AND

EDUCATION

SECTION I

FIELD LIBRARY

24. GENERAL Library service in the field should be ex-
tremely flexible with a high degree of mobility. Popular
books furnished in each library kit will provide unlimited
individual recreation for all types of personnel at all hours
and almost all places. Emphasis should be on use rather than
preservation of books.

25. PERSONNEL a. In each Special Service Company there
are four library technicians, one for each platoon,
b. The duties of library technicians are as follows :

(1) Submit reports when requested by responsible officer.

(2) Keep necessary records on books.

(3) Be responsible for whatever simplified cataloging and
classification which may be necessary.

(4) Be responsible for circulation of books.

(5) Assist in preparation of soldier newspaper. (See sec. II.)

(6) Assist in the information program. (See sec. III.)

(7) Assist in the education program. (See sec. III.)

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c. The librarian should be thoroughly familiar with the
books in his library. He should know where to find all
available information in reference books, and should have at
least a sketchy knowledge of the fiction books.

26. CLASSIFICATION AND CATALOGING. Libraries will
operate with a minimum of technical processes and record
keeping.

a. Classification. The most satisfactory method of classi-
fication is putting and keeping all books on the same subject
matter together on the same shelves. Fiction books should
be put together in the alphabetical order of their authors’
last names.

b. Cataloging. If time allows catalog cards, both author
and subject matter may be made out.

27. CIRCULATION AND HOUSING, a. The amount of cir-
culation determines the value of the library. The library
technician should encourage and broaden the use of books
among the men.

b. A simplified charging system should be set up with
lenient rules for borrowing. Men who come to the library
should be encouraged to urge others to visit the library. No
fines for overdue books should be charged.

c. Libraries in the field may be housed in an improvised
building, requisitioned building, or tent. If the library is
set up outdoors, shelf sections should be placed in a rough
circle, books facing the outside, so that men may come and
look over the stock. The library sections may be set up
outside by propping each shelf unit with its own lid. A box,
probably obtainable from the supply room, should be set up
inside the inclosure for the librarian to use as a desk.

28. EQUIPMENT, a. Kit “C” is designed to serve troops
in the field with a minimum of care. (Distribution: four
per Special Service Company — one for each platoon.)

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b. Kit “C” (Library) consists of 2,000 volumes of books.
(See fig. 6 and app., par. 8.)

29. CARE OF BOOKS. Keep books from becoming wet or
damp. If possible books should be stored in dry places. If
books should become wet or damp, place them in the sun on
a flat surface and press them with a heavy object.

SECTION II

SOLDIER NEWSPAPER

30. GENERAL, a. In the field, as in camps, posts, and sta-
tions, a newspaper published by military personnel is an im-
portant factor in stimulating and sustaining morale. It
should be the contact between the soldier and the home front
as well as a medium of information within the military or-
ganization served. It should supply world and local news
in concise and entertaining form along with humorous and
artistic touches.

b. The commanding officer of the Special Service Com-
pany, or his representative, should confer about the publica-
tion of a soldier newspaper with the senior special service
officer or officer assigned to special service work, of the or-
ganization served.

c. The instructions given in the paragraphs below were
compiled to serve as a general guide for publishing a weekly
newspaper in theaters of operations and similar situations.
The average newspaper, it is expected, will be three sheets,
mimeographed on each side to give the reader six pages of
content.

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31. PERSONNEL a. The publication staff, with exception
of the duplicating machine operator, should normally be ob-
tained from the organization served. The selection of the
duplicating machine operator will be from the Special Service
Company Library Group most conveniently located to the
staff preparing the material for publication. After the news
matter has been collected, written, and edited and the page
lay-outs made, this material should be given to the dupli-
cating machine operator for preparation of the stencils and
mimeographing.

b. The basic staff should include a minimum of three en-
listed men, supervised by a commissioned officer, if personnel
is available. A fourth member of the basic staff, a staff artist,
is desirable if one is available. Reporters, as many as are
necessary, should be selected from the organization served by
the Special Service Company. The basic staff consists of the
following personnel :

(1) Commissioned officer — adviser.

(2) Editor-in-chief.

(3) Staff artist, if available.

(4) Duplicating machine operator.

(5) Reporters.

c. Preferably, the editor-in-chief should have newspaper
experience or aptitude for the work. He should supervise
the editorial content, write editorials, prepare the page lay-
outs, and be responsible for distribution of the finished prod-
uct. He should organize and copyread the material sub-
mitted by reporters, rewrite when necessary, and proofread
the completed stencils. The staff artist should do hand let-
tering and illustration. The duplicating machine operator
should cut the stencils and operate the mimeograph machine.
Reporters, appointed to collect and write unit news within
their organization, will take greater interest in their assign-
ments if given a byline, or signature, on stories which are
particularly well written.

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32. PRODUCTION, a. Style. Uniformity of style should
be a cardinal rule of all newspapers. A minimum of capital
letters is recommended. A simplified punctuation style is
preferable. “Journalistic” English, rather than book Eng-
lish, is the rule for most newspapers.

b. Content. Personal items form the life stream of a
mimeographed newspaper. Activities of the personnel served
should have priority in news evaluation. Stories with many
names make the best news. Items should be brief, informal
when such treatment is warranted, and entertaining. Short
editorials have a place in this type of newspaper, as do short
features, sports pages, and gossip columns. Some editors
will find it desirable to publish a column of general news,
condensed to bare facts, if this news is available and does
not duplicate the content of other publications serving the
troops.

c. News sources. Sources of news will vary in different
situations. Some general suggestions are:

(1) Office of the commanding officer.

( 2 ) Special service officers.

(3) Athletic and recreation officers.

(4) Public relations or intelligence officers.

(5) Enlisted personnel of the organization served.

(6) Officers and enlisted men of the Special Service Company.

(7) Daily world news summary cabled by Morale Services
Division, Washington, D. C. (See par. 37b.)

(8) News flashes from responsible radio broadcasts.

d. Camp Newspaper Service. CNS, a section of the
Morale Services Division, furnishes news, feature and art
material for soldier publications in a clip sheet published
weekly. A precut art stencil service furnishes a precut
mimeograph stencil of certain art material normally supplied
to printed papers by CNS. Included are a comic strip
known as “Male Call,” and other service cartoons and com-
bat training material, including a monthly magazine called

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“G. I. Galley.” Attention is directed to the “Army Editor’s
Manual,” prepared by CNS, for information on lay-out,
make-up, headlines, illustrations, proofreading, etc. Li-
brarians can secure needed material from CNS.

e. Preparation of stencils. Directions for the prepara-
tion of a stencil are to be found in each package of mimeo-
graph stencil sheets and should be followed at all times.

f. Machine operation. The mimeograph instruction book
for the duplicator gives complete instructions for duplicating
copies.

33. DISTRIBUTION. The basis of supplies in the “Printing
and Publishing Kit” and replacements is one copy of the
newspaper for six men. Arrangements should be made with
the commanding officer of the organization served for the
most efficient and expedient distribution of copies.

34. EQUIPMENT, a. Equipment needs for publishing a
newspaper in the field are contained in Kit “I” (Printing and
Publishing Kit), (distribution : four per Special Service Com-
pany). The kit, in addition to equipment, carries supplies
sufficient for two weekly issues. Replacement supplies are
sent to the company periodically in a different type kit.

b. Kit “I” is for publication of troop newspapers and
consists of a mimeograph duplicator together with ink, paper,
cleaning fluid, stencil forms, etc. (See fig. 7 and app. par 9.)

35. CARE OF EQUIPMENT. Proper care of equipment will
contribute to more efficient operation and longer u$e. When
not in use, the mimeograph machine and typewriter should
always be covered. Drain as much ink as possible from the
mimeograph machine before returning it to the kit for
movement to another location. See that the tops are screwed
tightly on all fluid containers. Exercise care to prevent dam-
age to screen plates, styli, and lettering guides. Make cer-
tain that the equipment is securely packed and the lid of
the kit fastened before the kit is moved.

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Figure 7— Kit — Printing and publishing equipment.

SECTION III

INFORMATION AND

EDUCATION

36. GENERAL The librarian should be thoroughly familiar
with all of the oversea facilities and services of the Informa-
tion Branch and the Education Branch of the Morale Serv-
ices Division, and should make use of these in servicing
troops. The commanding officer of the Special Service Com-
pany should retain close liaison with the Special Service
Branch in the theater of operations headquarters.

37. INFORMATION, a. Newsmap. As soon as the Special
Service Company reaches its oversea destination or reaches a
new destination after change of location, the company com-
mander should contact the Special Service Branch in theater
of operations headquarters, for copies of the weekly Newsmap
which are sent upon request to the commanding general of.
the theater of operations by the Morale Services Division,
Army Service Forces, War Department.

(1) Circulation of the Newsmap is extremely difficult and
delivery to theaters of operation uncertain. The company
commander of the Special Service Company should take
steps to keep himself informed as to when and where copies
of the Newsmap may be secured.

(2) The librarian should check the weekly Newsmap as
soon as it is made available and should post it in a conspicu-
ous place. He should take steps to see that the place where
the Newsmap is posted is made known to all troops of the
area in which the company or platoon is operating. This can
be done effectively through notices in soldier newspapers,
verbal announcements by those directly in charge of troops,
and by posting announcements on bulletin boards.

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b. Oversea News Service. (1) A world news summary
of varying length and character is cabled overseas daily ad-
dressed to the commanding general of the theater of opera-
tions. The Special Service Company commander should make
arrangements through the special service officer of the head-
quarters to which the company is assigned for this service
and should cooperate with the special service officer in secur-
ing a prompt circulation of the news. In view of the neces-
sity for sending news overseas in telegraphic style, editing of
the news summary is essential. The librarians should edit
the daily news summary and insert appropriate headlines.
The daily news summary can be used effectively in camp
newspapers provided other methods of circulation have not
been used. When other means of disseminating the news
summary are not available and when so directed by higher
authority, the publishing facilities of the Special Service Com-
pany can be used by the company commander for purposes
of securing prompt circulation of news summaries.

( 2 ) The Special Service Company can render a valuable
service to the troops in the area in which it is operating by
providing copies of news summaries and by making arrange-
ments for such summaries to be read to troops which are
being serviced. The Newsmap and the news summary pro-
vide a good basis for organizing news discussion groups.
Liaison arrangements may be made with orientation officers
and other orientation personnel for such discussion groups.

c. Radio— Information and Entertainment Programs.
It is the responsibility of the company commander of the
Special Service Company operating overseas to maintain con-
tact with the special service officer of the theater of opera-
tions to secure information pertaining to the operation of
radio in the area where troops are being serviced by the
company.

(1) The librarians of the Special Service Company, with the
help of the radio technicians, should follow the practice of
making a log of radio stations audible in the area, showing
call letters of stations, frequency (position on dial), names

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of programs, times of broadcast, and should publicize this
information on bulletin boards and in soldier newspapers.
(2) Information and entertainment programs are made avail-
able to troops serving overseas through the following media:

(a) Short Wave Radio from the United States. Twenty
radio stations are used for this purpose, broadcasting over
ten directional beams. The hours of broadcasting are timed
to reach the troops in various oversea areas as nearly as pos-
sible during their off-duty hours.

(b) Long Wave Stations. To improve and intensify the
radio coverage by short wave, long wave broadcasts are made
from stations in areas overseas. These stations are classified
as Government or commercially operated stations and Army
Expeditionary stations.

(c) Carrier Stations. This type of transmitter provides
for the coverage of a limited area only. Radiation can be
controlled so that the signal is not audible with a receiving
set more than 200 yards from a camp. For such limited cov-
erage, the carrier transmitter is usually hooked up to the
camp power lines. It can be used, however, as a low power
transmitter of the usual type. It is available only upon
requisition by the commanding general of the area.

(d) Sound Systems. For very small camp areas coverage
may be obtained through the use of one or more turntables
hooked up to a group of loud speakers located at various
points. A microphone can be attached to the circuit to pro-
vide for on-the-spot “live” programs. Information about
the availability of this equipment may be obtained through
the special service officer of the Theater of Operations.

(e) "B— 1" (AN/TIQ— 2) Kit. This equipment which is
issued to a Special Service Company enables the company
operating in the field to provide programs to reach a large
number of men. Additional supplies of transcriptions of
Armed Forces Radio Service programs are issued direct and
automatically to the Special Service Companies every month.

(f) Kit "B" Equipment. This equipment, made available
on basis of section II, Circular No. 218, War Department,

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1943, may be used when the number of men to be reached
is too small to justify other methods of broadcasting. Re-
placement parts and recordings are to be requisitioned
through the port of embarkation.

(3) In providing radio programs of entertainment, two types
of shows are broadcast over long and short wave stations to
reach troops overseas —

(a) Especially Created Programs. Expressly designed,
written, and produced for the troops and not released over
commercial long wave radio stations in the United States.
(Contact special service officer of the theater of operations
for a list of titles with descriptions and the frequency of the
release. )

(b) Commercial Programs. The most familiar American
radio network programs, those that the troops have liked
best at home, are made available with all advertising deleted.
(Consult special service officer of the theater of operations.)

38. EDUCATION, a. General. The librarian should be
thoroughly familiar with the facilities and services available
through the Army Education Branch of the Morale Serv-
ices Division which include —

(1) Correspondence courses available from the United States
Armed Forces Institute, through the Special Service Branch
in theater of operations headquarters.

(2) Basic Radio Code. Complete kit of materials adequate
for instructing a class of 25 — available from U. S. Armed
Forces Institute through the Special Service Branch in
theater of operations headquarters.

(3) Foreign Language Courses — records and instructional
materials.

(4) Visual Instruction — films, film strips, slides, charts, maps,
models, ar\d exhibits — available from The Armed Forces
Institute Film Service through Special Service Branch in
theater of operations headquarters.

(5) Self-teaching Courses — self-teaching textbooks and other
instructional materials.

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b. The librarian should assist in carrying out the off-duty
education program of the Army by —

(1) Bringing to the attention of troops published information
relating to available courses of instruction. Such informa-
tion is on file in the library of a Special Service Company.

( 2 ) Giving information relative to courses and ways of en-
rolling in them when such information is requested by the
individual soldier.

( 3 ) Making application forms available to the soldier. When
these are not available in printed form, the librarian should
use the publishing facilities of the company to prepare ap-
plication forms.

( 4 ) Cooperating and consulting with the education officer
of the area if available with a view to developing an appro-
priate off-duty educational program for the troops within
the area.

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CHAPTER 5

CANTEEN AND EXCHANGE

SECTION

39. MISSION. The exchange personnel section of the special
service platoon will operate exchanges to supply persons, to
whom sales are authorized, at the lowest possible prices, with
articles of necessity and convenience not supplied by the
Government except as provided in paragraph 10£(5), AR
210-65.

40. ORGANIZATION OF THE CANTEEN AND EXCHANGE
SECTION— DUTIES OF PERSONNEL, a. The Canteen and

Exchange Section is organized with one sergeant; two cor-
porals; four privates; two cooks (technicians); one private
(cook’s helper) ; one basic.

(1) The sergeant will act as store manager and, with the
assistance of the corporals, is responsible for the following :

(a) Preparation of list of available merchandise.

(b) Procurement from sources authorized to issue or by
purchase of merchandise to complete inventory approved by
the platoon commander.

(d) Preparation of daily inventory for submission to the
platoon commander.

(e) Preparation and filing of records required by the
platoon commander.

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(2) Corporals will perform the duties assigned by the store
manager.

( 3 ) Four privates, acting as sales clerks, will perform the
following duties :

(a) Sell available merchandise to those authorized to make
purchases.

(b) Protect merchandise against pilferage and breakage.

( 4 ) Cooks and cook's helper will normally operate with the
canteen, but may also be used to prepare food for resale in
the exchange.

(a) Cooks and cook’s helper should be thoroughly familiar
with the provisions of TM 10-405, 10-410, and 10-205.
Because of the possibility of direct purchase of supplies when
overseas, they should also be familiar with the provisions
of TM 10-210.

(b) They are not only responsible for the actual prepara-
tion and cooking of the organization’s rations, but in addition
will prepare such sandwiches and foods as are necessary for
the snack bar set up as part of the canteen for the servicing
of other troops.

( 5 ) The basic will perform such duties as are assigned by
the platoon leader.

b. The operation of the canteen and exchange personnel
is directed by the company commander who has the fol-
lowing duties: (When platoons are operating separately
these duties and functions will be discharged by the platoon
commander. )

(1) Assumes accountability for exchange supplies, and re-
sponsibility for exchange equipment.

(2) Obtains merchandise from authorized sources for sale,
in the manner prescribed by the company commander.

( 3 ) Personally supervises the operation of the exchange
section.

(4) Deposits money received from sales with those author-
ized to receive such deposits, and draws against such de-

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posits for the payment of merchandise for sale when spe-
cifically authorized by the company commander when the
platoon is detached from the company.

(5) Verifies daily inventory as reported by the store manager.

( 6 ) Determines necessary mark-up of merchandise purchased,
in accordance with section II, Circular No. 147, War Depart-
ment, 1943, or any amendment thereof.

(7) Plans and enforces an appropriate rationing system under
operating conditions during which the supply of merchandise
is limited and whenever it becomes necessary to take steps to
insure an equitable distribution of available merchandise.

41. ACCOUNTING, a. The accounting procedure will com-
ply with the provisions of Field Exchange Accounting System.

b. Store manager will prepare a daily report for submis-
sion to the company commander through platoon commander.

c. Inventory will be taken daily after the close of business.
cL Store manager is responsible for safeguarding all cash

received from sales, until turned over to the platoon com-
mander. He is authorized to retain a nominal amount of
cash for use in making change.

e. General accounting for all exchange sections of the
company will be performed at company headquarters.

f. Staff sergeant (accountant in company headquarters)
will perform the following duties:

(1) Prepare and retain records prescribed in Field Ex-
change Accounting System. (These record forms are issued
by the Exchange Service.)

(2) Prepare and retain records showing merchandise re-
ceived, sold and remaining on hand, for each exchange sec-
tion separately.

42. SUPPLIES, a. Company commander is charged with the
duty of designating the source of supply of merchandise for
sale in the exchanges operated by the canteen and exchange
sections. Generally, merchandise can be procured from

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quartermaster (QM Bulletin No. 450) and Army exchanges
operating within the theater of operations.

b. Staff sergeant (supply) in company headquarters will
perform the following duties:

(1) Furnish daily to each platoon commander a list of mer-
chandise available for sale in exchanges.

(2) Procure such merchandise as is requested by the exchange
sections.

(3) Store such merchandise as may be designated as a reserve
stock.

(4) Prepare and retain records of distribution required by
field exchange accounting system.

43. OPERATION OF CANTEEN AND EXCHANGE SEC-
TION. a. When the Special Service Company operates as a
unit, the exchange sections of the four platoons will operate
as one exchange group. This operation will be at the discre-
tion of the theater of operations commander.

b. When the platoon is detached from a Special Service
Company, the canteen and exchange section will operate with
the platoon. When so directed by the company commander,
the canteen and exchange section may operate as three sales
groups, if necessary, to serve widely dispersed personnel.

c. Canteen and exchange sections will sell supplies ob-
tained from Quartermaster stocks at cost, plus overhead.
Overhead will not exceed that authorized in section II,
Circular No. 147, War Department, 1943.

d. When a Special Service Company is assigned to a
theater of operations, the company commander or platoon
commander will effect and maintain liaison with the Army
exchange officer on the staff of the theater commander.

e. Canteen and exchange sections will operate in areas
designated by the theater commander. Equipment and fa-
cilities available in such areas will be utilized to the fullest
extent by canteen and exchange sections. Canteen and ex-
change operation under difficult conditions will be normal.
Resourcefulness and adaptability are essential.

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f. Canteen and exchange sections will operate in accord-
ance with the provisions of AR 210-65, and such instruc-
tions as may be published by the theater commander.

g. Merchandise for resale by canteen and exchange sec-
tions may be purchased from quartermaster and Army ex-
changes on credit.

h. The operation of all exchanges within the theater of
operations is the responsibility of the commanding general,
theater of operations, and canteen and exchange sections of
Special Service Companies will be supervised by exchange
officer on the staff of the commanding general, theater of
operations.

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Google

CHAPTER 6

LOADING OF SPECIAL SERVICE

EQUIPMENT

44 . The following table shows dimensions, required cubic
feet of space, and approximate weights of the various items
of special service equipment when boxed and ready for load-
ing in the truck and trailer:

Kita

Item of
equipment

Width

Height

Length

Cubic

feet

Approx-

imate

weight

(pounds)

A-l

Athletic

rio*

18.18

210

B-l

PA and Radio

WStM

14.25

330

B-l

Speakers

mMzm

■ i:B

1'8*

14.07

230

B-l

Generator, small

I'll*

6.71

205

Library

4'8'

Ei 1

3'r

47.96

1300

Piano

2'5'

ED9I

56.38

450

Musical

I'll*

2'8'

25.55

320

Theatrical

2'1*

l'lQ”

3'r

11.77

160

Publishing

1'5*

2'S”

3'ir

13.40

275

Motion picture

2'5"

3'6”

3'9 #

31.71

525

Screen

UMSSm

8.55

170

■

Generator, large

1'9*

Emm!

3'3'

13.74

430

■

Total

263

4605

Capacity of truck and trailer

Truck — 2^- ton

6'4'

4'7'

8'10'

256

5000

Trailer — 1-ton

3'8'

3'6'

8'0'

108

2000

Total

364

7000

Total additional cubic feet and additional weight
available for capacity load

101

2395

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REAR VIEW OF TRUCK

Figure 8. — Loading of special service equipment.

45 . Items of equipment loaded in positions in the truck or
trailer where there is any danger of their moving about,
thereby involving risk of breakage of equipment or injury
to occupants in the vehicle should be securely fastened by
lashing them to the truck.

Digitized by Google ^

Digitized by Google

Figure 9. — Loading of special service equipment .

46 . It is emphasized that the information herein is based
upon trial packings of the original packing cases in which
the equipment is received from the factory. In the event
that the packing cases are reinforced, they will be enlarged
and the same packing scheme will not be practicable.

47 . Figures 8 and 9 show suggested schemes for loading the
various items of special service equipment for one platoon in
the 2j4-ton truck and in the 1-ton trailer.

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APPENDIX

SPECIALIZED EQUIPMENT OF
THE SPECIAL SERVICE

COMPANY

CONTENTS OF KITS

Contents of kits of Special Service Company are not to
be considered inflexible because of changing requirements and
procurement difficulties.

1. CONTENTS OF KIT "A" (SPORTS AND GAMES).

Item Quantity

Baseball bats. 8

Baseballs — Official National League 12

Cards — playing, pinochle, Bicycle. 6 decks

Cards — playing, poker, Bicycle 30 decks

Cavalcade race game. 2 sets

Chalk 1 gross

Checker boards 6

Checkers 6 sets

Chess 2 sets

Cribbage 6 sets

Crayons — assorted colors 1 dozen

Dart bowl 1 set

Dominoes 4 sets

Footballs 3

Gloves — boxer’s, training, 14-ounce 3 sets

Gloves — fielder’s, 1 left-hand 7

Hardball mask _ 1

Head guards — boxer’s 2

Horse shoes without stakes. lset

Inflator 1

Mitt — catcher's 1

Mitt — first baseman’s 1

Mouth pieces — boxer’s 4

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Item Quantity

Parchesi . 1 set

Poker chips. 1 set

Snake eyes 1 set

Small games unit — one for each Kit “A”:

Contents:

Backgammon — checkers, chess combina-
tion 2 sets

Mathematical bingo 2 sets

Books — '‘Hoyle’s Book of Rules”. 2

Soccer ball 2

Soft ball bats 4

Softballs 12

Table tennis balls 72

Table tennis sets 2

Volley ball nets — tarred or treated for tropical use.. 2

Volley balls 3

2. CONTENTS OF KIT "A-l" (See fig. 1.)

Baseball bases w/o stuffing — PC-11 Type 1 3 sets

Basketballs w/ lacing needles — PC-4 Type II 4.

Body protector — catcher’s — PC-20 Type I 1

Books:

‘‘Sports and Games” — Keith, Harold — T. Y.

Crowell Co. 1

‘‘Home Made Games” — Lawson, Arthur — Lip-

pincott 1

‘‘Active Games and Contents” — Mason and

Mitchell — Barnes Co 1

‘‘Sports for Recreation” — Mitchell, E. C. —

Barnes Co. 1

‘‘Games, Contests and Relays” — Staley, S. C. —

Barnes Co 1

TM 21-220-—” Sports and Games” — War De-
partment 2

TM 21-205 — “Special Service Officer” — War

Department : 2

Gloves — boxers’ fighting, 12-ounce — PC-16 10 sets

Inflators — PC-17 Type II 2

Leg guards — catcher’s — PC-23 Type I 1

Mask — catcher’s — PC-18 Type I 1

Repair box — Standard :

Lacing needles — ^ 1 74 6

Leather laces 35

Leather repair tool kit 1

Neat's-foot oil 2 gallons

Repair lace and needle kit 1

Rubber repair kit — 1

Stringer's awl — 3

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Item Quantity

Supporters — athletic bike type — 36 M 24 L 125 72

Large 24

Medium 36

Small 12

Timers 2

3. CONTENTS OF KIT "B" (RADIO-PHONOGRAPH
EQUIPMENT).

Portable phonograph 1

10-inch phonograph records in four standard record

albums — 10-inch size 58

Harmonicas 6

Paper-bound books — fiction 100

Army song books — without music 7

Army song books — with music 3

Portable radio receiver. 1

Extra battery packs 3

One-half hour or more transcribed radio programs. . 10

Extra set of radio tubes 1

4. CONTENTS OF KIT "B— 1" (AN/TIQ— 2). (See fig. 2.)

Accessories (tool kits, etc.):

Spare tubes (one of each type used) lset

Soldering iron, 100 watts, 1 10 volts 1

Spool resin core solder (}/$ pound) 1

Long-nosed pliers 1 pair

Small dial screw driver 1

No. 8 screw driver 1

pound roll friction tape 1

Double socket plug 1

Female type plug- „ 1

Spare sapphire playback needles (permanent). 6

Cutting needles 25

Head phones. 1 pair

Amplifier 1

Over-all gain 125 db. Output 60 watts; dis-
tortion factor not more than 5 percent, with
all harmonics arithmetically added.

Generator (with wooden box) 1

Gasoline-driven, 300 to 750 watts, 110-volt,

60-cycle, with 100 feet heavy rubber-covered
cable.

Loudspeakers 2

Two speaker boxes 24 inches high, 16 inches
wide, 10 inches deep, each with two 12-inch
dynamic cone speakers, specially treated for

Digitized by CjOOQie

Quantity

Item

all weather usage, each speaker provided with
an Alnico permanent magnet of not less than
4% pounds, with not less than 6,070,000 ergs
gap energy, each unit equipped with 100 feet
rubber covered twist pair speaker cable.
Storage space in each speaker box for cable,
records, and other equipment.

Microphones

Dynamic type microphones complete with floor
stands. 25-foot shielded microphone cable
with plug. Output level of — 55db, with
10-bar signal input. (Reference, zero level
equals .006 watts.) Frequency response, ap-
proximately flat between 50 and 8,000 cycles.

Monitor speaker

6-inch permanent magnet, inclosed voice coil.
Cone type, treated for all w’eather conditions.

Playback (Electric phonograph)

(Including turntable equipped for playback at
33 rpm or 78 rpm.) Turntable 12-inch,
dynamically balanced, shock mounted, capa-
ble of playing 16-inch transcriptions. Play-
back pick-up, magnetic type.

Radio receiver

Tuner consists of a prestage of tune R.F. ampli-
fication, having an R.F. gain not less than 15
above unity. The heterodyne circuit feeding
an intermediate frequency stage of R.F. am-
plification. Tuner to care for 3 bands, 540 to
1,600 KC, 1.5 to 3.4 MC, and 5.3 to 18 ;Mg.

Records:

12-inch

10-inch

5. CONTENTS OF KIT "D" (MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS AND
ACCESSORIES— MUSIC BOOKS). (See fig. 3.)

Books — Music instruction:

“Five-minute Guitar Books”. 2

“ Five-minute Harmonica Books” 2

“ Five-minute Ocarina Books” 2

“ Moore Classroom Instructor jfor Tonette” 2

“Ten-minute Self Instructor for the Tonette,

Ocarina, Harmonica, and Ukulele” 144

Books, Song:

“ Collegiate Song Book” — Central Edition, Cole

Publishing Company 1

“ Collegiate Song Book” — Eastern Edition, Cole
Publishing Company 1

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Google

Item Quantity

“Collegiate Song Book" — Southern and West-
ern, Cole Publishing Company 1

“ Don Pedro Mexican and Spanish Songs," Cole

Publishing Company 1

“Elmer Vincent’s Lumber Jack Songs," Cole

Publishing Company 1

“Gene Autry’s Cowboy Songs and Mountain

Ballads," Cole Publishing Company 1

“International Song Book," Cole Publishing

Company 1

“ Pocket Guide for the U. S. Army Song Leader" 12
“Smiley Burnette Cowboy and Western Songs,"

Cole Publishing Company 1

“The American Treasury of Song" 1

“The Army Hit Kit" 2

“The Army Song Book" 1

“Time Tested Melodies," Cole Publishing Com-
pany 1

“Training the U. S. Army Song Leader" 2

“ WLS Barn Dance Favorites," Cole Publishing •

Company 1

ra parts and accessories for —

Guitar:

Bridges pins, black 2 dozen

Bridges, Grover, adjustable 1 dozen

End pins, ebony 2 dozen

Finger boards 2 each

Hawaiian guitar sets 4 sets

Patent heads, Grover 2 sets

Picks, thumb 12

Picks, finger 12

Strings — complete sets 2 dozen sets

Tailpieces — Grover 6 each

Mandolin:

Bridges 1 dozen

Fingerboards 2 each

Frets 1 dozen sets

Patent heads 4 sets

Picks 144

Strings — complete sets 2 dozen sets

Tailpieces 1 dozen

Ukulele:

Bridges 1 dozen

Pegs — 4 per set 6 sets

Picks 2 dozen

Strings — Complete sets, Eagle 4 dozen sets

Tailpieces 1 dozen

Strings — complete sets 6

Bridges — filled 12

Digitized by CjOOQie

Quantity

Item

Harmonicas — key of C, American make
(Harmonic Reed Company, #1753 or

equal) — 144

Guitar — complete with strings and case 2

Mandolins — complete with strings and case 2

Ocarinas — Key of C, American make 144

Piano — 40-inch height, standard keyboard specifica-
tions attached 1

Repair kits:

36-T-564 Tool Kit, with tools, Band Instru-
ment Repair Brass 1

36-T-566 Tool Kit, with tools, Band Instru-
ment Repair, Woodwind 1

Piano Tuning Set 1

Song flutes 144

Tonettes ... 144

Ukuleles — complete with strings and case 144

Violins — complete with body and case 2

6. CONTENTS OF KIT (THEATRICAL EQUIPMENT
AND SUPPLIES). (See fig. 4.)

Amaline — powdered (Bright yellow, cardinal red,

cockatoo blue, green) 4 packages

Bandanas — blue, large size 4

Bandanas — flowered, large size 4

Bandanas — red, large size 4

Book — “At Ease” 4

Book — “Thesaurus of Humor” 1

Books — “ Skits and Sketches” (To be supplied by

Director, Special Service Division) 2

Brush — varnish 1-inch 1

Brushes — varnish H-inch 2

Case — zipper, cloth (for sewing kit) 1

Colors — Sargent Poster (16 colors in wooden con-
tainer) 1 set

Colors — Prang textile colors (in wooden container). 1 set

Costume — loud checkered cotton man’s suit 1

Costume — man’s swallow tail coat, cotton, size 44. . 1

Costume — tramp 1

Costumes — women's cotton housedresses, size 42... 2

Crayon-lumber, black, yellow, red 4

Gloves — work, white or yellow 5 pair

Hammer — medium 1

Hats — old man’s felt, size 7Ji, 1 gray, 1 black 2

Hats — women’s flat, wide and fancy, felt 2

Kits — make-up 4

Contents:

Brushes — powder 2

Digitized by CjOOQie

Item Quantity

Booklets — modern make-up 2

Cream — cold, 8 ounces 2

Gum — Spirit - 2

Hair — crepe (2 black and 2 medium brown) . _ 4 yards

Pencils — eyebrow (2 black and 2 brown) 4

Powders — face (2 04 flesh, 2 09 sallow old

age and 2 0 13 Othelo) 6

Powderpuffs — small 4

Putty — nose 2

Rouge — 0 3 moist 2

Sticks — grease paint (2 05 deeper flesh and

2 0 25 black) — Large - 4

Sticks — grease paint, small (2011 sallow old

man and 2 0 22 white) 4

Sticks — lining color (2 05 blue gray and 2

0 7 dark brown) 4

Stomps — paper 2 packages

Wax — black tooth 2

Money — stage 1 package

Muslin — unbleached 36-inch . 10 yards

Needles — 03_ 1 package

Pins — safety, heavy duty — - - - 2 gross

Pins — straight—.. - 2 packages

Pliers — (wire cutting) 1

Ribbon — 1-inch, satin, green- 5 yards

Ribbon — 1-inch, satin, red 5 yards

Ribbon — 1-inch, satin, yellow 5 yards

Saw — crosscut, small 1

Screw driver — 4-inch 1

Shears — 10-inch 1 pair

“Soldier Shows Guide” (to be supplied by Director,

Special Service Division) 1

Tambourines — large 4

Tex — x 1296. 1 roll

Thread — assorted colors (carpet or button) 4 spools

Wigs — female, male — comic 2

Wigs — male, negro 6

Wigs — 1 old woman’s, 1 old man’s 2

Wigs — young women’s, 1 blonde and 1 red 2

7. CONTENTS OF KIT "J"-PH-408 (PROJECTOR EQUIP-
MENT). (See fig. 5.)

Projector PH-399 2

Amplifier 1

Projector stands 2

3J4-inch Projector lenses - 2

100-foot speaker extension cables 2

Digitized by v^ooQie

Item Quantity

Automatic changeover box 1

10-foot speaker cables 2

10-foot converter cords 2

Microphone and floor stand 1

Turntable and pickup 1

Splicer and rewind 1

Screen and tripods 1

Power Unit Pe-75-( Includes tools and parts) 1

Power cords 2

Set of extra operating accessories 1

Set of maintenance parts 1

Instruction book 2

Operating accessories:

Aperture cleaning brush 1

Bottle of oil 1

Oiler 1

Fuse 1

Extra exciter lamp 1

Extra takeup belt 1

Empty 1,600 foot reel 1

6-ounce cans of film cleaner 4

Bottles film cement „ 3

Bottles of oil 4

Maintenance parts:

1 Yi ampere f uses 6 boxes

3 ampere fuses. 4 boxes

Photo-electric cells 4

Rewind belts 4

Takeup belts 8

Motor belts 6

Spare tubes for amplifier 2

Spare tubes for projector 3

1,000 watt 115 volt projection lamp 100

Exciter lamps (1 ampere, 6 volts) 10

Projector pilot lamps 8

8. CONTENTS OF KIT " C " (LIBRARY). (See fig. 6.)

Cloth bound books 100

Paper bound books 1,900

9. CONTENTS OF KIT "I" (PRINTING AND PUBLISHING).

(See fig. 7.)

Brush— type cleaning 53-B-26100 1

Correction fluid 53-V-300 6 bottles

Fluid — type cleaning 51-C-1328 1 bottle

Digitized by Google

S7 /"

Item

Item No.

Quantity

Lettering guide

<< «<

.685 (A. B. Dick Co.)-—

.684 (A. B. Dick Co.)

<< <<

684-L (A. B. Dick Co.)__

M it

.683 (A. B. Dick Co.)....

<4 II

. 683-L (A. B. Dick Co.). .

II II

.672 (A. B. Dick Co.)____

II II

724 (A. B. Dick Co.)____

II II

.724 L (A. B. Dick Co.)..

II II

.722 (A. B. Dick Co.)—

II II

.686 (A. B. Dick Co.)

II 41

686-L (A. B. Dick Co.)..

II II

.726 (A. B. Dick Co.).—

II II

.726-L (A. B. Dick Co.)..

M imeograph — duplicator

.54-M-28495

Mimeograph ink

GPO 18557

5 pounds

Mimeograph paper — size
8 x 10 white

GPO 180-47 10, 000 sheets

Mimeograph stencils

.53- P-20836

2 quires

Pencils, 0 2

.53- P-30004

6 dozen

Screen plate

.1627 (A. B. Dick Co.).._

1642 (A. B. Dick Co.)..

.1645 (A. B. Dick Co.)__

Screen stylus

.454 (A. B. Dick Co.)„_.

Stapler »

54-M-31630

Staples

Stylus

1 4

53-S-5064

3 boxes

.53-P-35027-50

.53-P-35027-40

-53-P-35020.

53-P-35036

53-P-35040

53-P-35010

53-P-35022. i

.53-P-35024

T y pewriter — U nderwood ,
Model II: Master

.54-T-7238

Typewriter ribbons

.53-R-2880

Digitized by booQle

tPteiAL icmct

CONPAIY

Figure 10. — Special Service Company (Table of Organization 28- 17).

Digitized by booQle

3 blQS 02b 310 032

Digitized by booQle

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