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Principal Investigator: Emily Frances Boss
Organization: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
Fiscal Year: 2024
Award: $157,500
Funding agency: Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
PROJECT SUMMARY
Racial/ethnic minority children who undergo surgery have worse clinical outcomes compared to white or more
affluent peers. Although clinical and environmental determinants contribute to these disparities, evidence
suggests that these disparities may rise in part from racial/ethnic differences in relationships and communication
between surgical clinicians and parents, which are a potentially remediable source of healthcare inequities. The
importance of physician-family communication is particularly significant in the milieu of pediatric surgical care,
where patients and parents may perceive surgeons as intimidating, paternalistic, or dismissive relative to other
specialists. The goal of our project is to develop an innovative, valid, and scalable measurement and analytic
approaches for better understanding of patient-physician interactions. Findings will inform development of
interventions to improve communication and thereby enhance quality of equity of pediatric surgical care delivery.
This proposal focuses on two innovative features of communication: linguistic style matching (LSM) and linguistic
accommodation. LSM is the tendency of participants to use a common vocabulary and speech structure, while
linguistic accommodation is the process by which participants in a conversation adjust their language according
to the speech style of the other participant. Both LSM and linguistic accommodation have been rarely explored
and are potential mechanisms by which less social/cultural distance can result in higher quality relationships and
outcomes. Using a mixed-methods sequential explanatory study design, we apply computerized text analysis
tools and subsequent thematic content analysis of clinician-parent interactions during pediatric surgical
consultations to (1) Elucidate dimensions of parent and clinician linguistic style and generate novel measures of
LSM and linguistic accommodation in pediatric surgical care, (2) Evaluate the convergent and predictive validity
of LSM and linguistic accommodation, and (3) Explore dialogue examples and themes from visits where clinician
linguistic style dimensions are associated with higher and lower parent ratings of surgical clinicians.
We apply quantitative and qualitative methodology to wholly understand the significance and potential
contribution of LSM and linguistic accommodation to bridging social distance in communication. We propose
generating communication measures through automated text analysis versus traditional manual coding. Theis
innovative approach can elucidate mechanisms by which surgical clinicians can communicate more effectively
and reduce racial/ethnic disparities in surgical outcomes, provide initial validity evidence for novel communication
analytic methods, expand the cost-effectiveness and scale of communication analysis studies of physician-
parent interaction, and inform development of real-time feedback systems for surgical clinicians to improve their
interactions over time. Because each surgical clinician sees many patients, small improvements in clinicians’
relationship and communication skills can have a large effect on improving quality and equity in patient outcomes.
Terms: <0-11 years old><Address><Attitude><Caring><Child><Child Youth><Children (0-21)><Clinical><Code><Coding System><Communication><Communication Methods><Conflict><Conflict (Psychology)><Consultations><Decrease disparity><Development><Dimensions><Disease><Disorder><Disparities><Disparity><Educational process of instructing><Equipoise><Equity><Family><Family Physicians><Feedback><Funding><Generations><Goals><Human><Intervention><Intervention Strategies><Language><Length of Stay><Linguistic><Linguistics><Lower disparity><Manuals><Measurement><Measures><Methodology><Methods><Minor><Minority><Modern Man><Number of Days in Hospital><Operative Procedures><Operative Surgical Procedures><Outcome><Parents><Participant><Patient outcome><Patient-Centered Outcomes><Patient-Focused Outcomes><Patients><Pediatric Surgery><Pediatric Surgical Procedures><Physical distancing><Physicians><Post-Operative><Postoperative><Postoperative Period><Process><Psychology><Recovery><Relationship-Building><Reoperation><Repeat Surgery><Research><Research Design><Science><Social Distance><Source><Specialist><Specificity><Speech><Structure><Study Type><Surgeon><Surgical><Surgical Interventions><Surgical Procedure><Surgical complication><System><Teaching><Text><Time><Training Programs><Transcript><Translations><Visit><Vocabulary><Vocabulary Words><adolescent minority><analytical method><automated text message><automated texting><care delivery><clinician communication><communicate to clinicians><communicate to providers><communicate with clinicians><communicate with doctors><communicate with providers><communication behavior><computerized><consultation><cost><cost effectiveness><cultural competence><culturally competent><design><designing><develop therapy><developmental><differences due to race><differences in race><differs by race><differs in race><disparities in race><disparity due to race><disparity in care><disparity in ethnic><disparity in healthcare><disparity reduction><distrust><doctor communication><ethnic based disparity><ethnic difference><ethnic disadvantage><ethnic disparity><ethnic inequality><ethnic inequity><ethnic minority><ethnicity difference><ethnicity disparity><experience><health care disparity><health care inequality><health care inequity><healthcare disparity><healthcare inequality><healthcare inequity><hospital days><hospital length of stay><hospital re-admission rates><hospital readmission rate><hospital stay><improved><inequality due to race><inequity due to race><innovate><innovation><innovative><intervention development><interventional strategy><kids><minority children><minority patient><minority youth><mitigate disparity><mortality><multidisciplinary><novel><parent><patient oriented outcomes><patient-clinician communication><patient-doctor communication><patient-provider communication><patients from minority><patients of minority><pediatric health outcomes><pediatric minority><peer><poor health outcome><programs><provider communication><race based differences><race based disparity><race based inequality><race based inequity><race differences><race disparity><race related differences><race related disparity><race related inequality><race related inequity><racial difference><racial disparity><racial inequality><racial inequity><racial minority><racially different><racially unequal><re-admission rates><re-hospitalization rate><readmission rates><reduce disparity><reduced health outcome><reduction in disparity><rehospitalization rate><shared decision making><skills><skills training><social><study design><surgery><surgery complication><surgery outcome><surgical outcome><therapy development><tool><translation><treatment development><worse health outcome><young minority><youngster>