Pandemic-era NIH grants (FY2019-2024) covering coronavirus, gain-of-function research, mRNA vaccines, biosafety, and related funding flows. Metadata + abstracts from NIH RePORTER.
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Shannon Ronca · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · 2024 · $3,842,980 — Project Summary/Abstract – Project 3: Peribunyaviridae Pathogenesis and Vaccine Testing The orthobunyaviruses (OBVs) of Peribunyviridae cause disease in humans manifesting with fever, nausea, fatigue, and viral encephalitis, as well as long-term neurological complications. Identifying receptors and …
Kai W Wucherpfennig · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · 2024 · $341,221 — Abstract T cells are central effector cells of protective anti-tumor immunity, but little is currently known about these important immune cells in human GBM. We have generated single-cell RNA-seq data on tumor-infiltrating T cell populations from GBM patients at initial diagnosis or relapse. We used…
JAY EVANS · UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA · 2024 · $253,399 — Vaccine Adjuvant Discovery Program: To develop a lead, optimized adjuvanted tuberculosis (TB) vaccine for IM or IN administration using specified adjuvants in combination with recombinant or circRNA TB antigens within the context of a vaccine to prevent TB.…
Amy L Hartman · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · 2024 · $5,220,489 — PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Prototype pathogens are those that, if well-characterized, can be used to develop generalizable medical countermeasures (MCMs) against new or unknown but related viruses. In 2021, NIAID convened a panel of subject matter experts to delineate prototype pathogens across sever…
Aravinda M. DeSilva · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · 2024 · $4,782,234 — SUMMARY Arthropod vector-borne flaviviruses threaten the health of people in nearly all countries of the world. Over the past 30 years, the epidemiology of flaviviruses has been characterized by intense year-round transmission in some areas, abrupt and permanent expansion of the range of viruses to …
Bert L Semler · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · 2024 · $3,478,173 — Project Summary/Abstract – Project 5: Multi-scale development and evaluation of broadly-effective vaccines against picornaviruses with pandemic potential Picornaviruses are the most common causes of viral illnesses worldwide. Within the picornavirus family of positive-strand RNA viruses, enterovirus…
Michael Gale · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · 2024 · $1,164,339 — CORE D PROJECT SUMMARY The `Omics, Bioinformatics, and Data Management Core (Core D) serves this Program by providing high resolution functional genomics and bioinformatics computation analyses with statistical integration. The main objective of the Core is to define the gene expression signatures a…
Chinthalapally V. Rao · UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA HLTH SCIENCES CTR · 2024 · $764,880 — Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive subtype of breast cancer characterized by the absence of estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors (PR), and HER2 receptors. Patients with TNBC have a significantly lower 5-year survival rate compared to other breast cancer types. Mol…
BRUXANNE EL-KAMMASH · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · 2024 · $3,691,826 — Vaccines are formulated with adjuvants to stimulate the immune system so that the vaccine can be more effective at preventing disease. Our goal is to create an adjuvant formulation that overcomes a limitation in many adjuvants - customization of the immune response for a desired immunological outco…
Courtney Cohen · ALBERT EINSTEIN COLLEGE OF MEDICINE · 2024 · $3,193,054 — In vivo efficacy testing is essential for the down-selection, evaluation, and development of potent and effective medical countermeasures (MCMs), especially given that many aspects of viral replication and pathogenesis cannot be faithfully recapitulated in vitro. Core D is responsible for providing …
Barton F. Haynes · DUKE UNIVERSITY · 2024 · $3,846,023 — While HIV-1 broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) provide potent protection from HIV-1, to date they have been difficult to induce in the setting of vaccination. A second type of HIV-1 envelope (Env) antibodies that are easy to induce are termed non-neutralizing antibodies (NNAbs) (because they ar…
Charles Bix Shoemaker · TUFTS UNIVERSITY BOSTON · 2024 · $206,250 — Schistosomes are parasitic flatworms that cause a chronic, debilitating disease afflicting >200 million people in >70 countries. Since there are limited anti-schistosome drugs available and since these is no vaccine to prevent infection, we aim here to generate and test nanobody-based immunotherapeu…
Ajay Bansal · UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS MEDICAL CENTER · 2024 · $172,197 — ABSTRACT The central goal of this R50 Clinician Scientist Award application is to establish and refine processes that facilitate clinical trials in cancer interception at The University of Kansas Cancer Center (KUCC), a unique goal that is different from the majority of R50 applicants which focus on…
HONGMIN LI · UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA · 2024 · $767,382 — Abstract: Flaviviruses are primarily insect-borne, associated with global morbidity and mortality, and found on every inhabited continent. Unfortunately, current therapeutic options for treating diseases associated with these viruses are limited. All flaviviruses encode methyltransferases (MTases)—f…
Rachel Adria Katzenellenbogen · INDIANA UNIVERSITY INDIANAPOLIS · 2024 · $357,616 — PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT High-risk human papillomaviruses (HR HPVs) cause 5% of all cancers. There are preventive vaccines against HPV, but less than 2% of the world's target population has received them. This leaves millions of women and men at risk for HPV-associated cervical, anogenital, and hea…
TINEKE CANTAERT · INSTITUT PASTEUR DU CAMBODGE · 2024 · $583,119 — We currently have a very limited understanding of the factors, either genetic or immune-related, conferring protection to clinical Plasmodium vivax (Pv) malaria. Deciphering the mechanisms underlying such protection would allow the design of tailored intervention strategies for the elimination of Pv…
Daniel F. Hoft · SAINT LOUIS UNIVERSITY · 2024 · $667,594 — -γ-producing Th1 cells have been extensively studied for development of novel vaccines and therapeutics against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. However, recent studies demonstrate that Mtb-specific Th1 cells alone do not predict protection against tuberculosis (TB). Therefore, although T…
Roger Sciammas · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · 2024 · $773,817 — Project summary: The vast majority of mammalian genes produce alternatively processed mRNAs through alternative splicing and alternative polyadenylation (APA). Different mRNA isoforms produced from the same gene can encode distinct proteins and/or they may be differentially regulated. Recent studies…
GILLIAN L BEAMER · TEXAS BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE · 2024 · $532,829 — PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Throughout modern history, tuberculosis (TB) has killed more people than any other infectious disease to date (estimated > 2 billion people over the past 350 years) and TB continues to kill 4,000 patients each day. In 2019 alone, the World Health Organization estimated that …
Laurent Karl Verkoczy · SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THE · 2024 · $953,504 — PROJECT SUMMARY Developing a preventative HIV vaccine remains a global health priority and to be effective will most likely need to elicit broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs). HIV bnAbs are derived from rare, unmutated common ancestor (UCA) B-cell precursors in elite HIV+ human repertoires. To …