Pandemic-era NIH grants (FY2019-2024) covering coronavirus, gain-of-function research, mRNA vaccines, biosafety, and related funding flows. Metadata + abstracts from NIH RePORTER.
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William A Schountz · COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY · 2024 · $2,266,918 — Modified Project Summary/Abstract Section Project Summary / Abstract Bats are reservoirs, or suspected reservoirs, of many zoonotic viruses, including SARS, SARS2 and MERS coronaviruses, Nipah and Hendra viruses, and Ebola and Marburg viruses. Little is known about how these viruses circulate in th…
William A Schountz · COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY · 2024 · $214,725 — Project Summary / Abstract COVID-19 is caused by a bat-borne coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, that has resulted in more than 1 million deaths in the USA. Experimental and bioinformatic analyses suggest cricetid rodents, but not murid rodents, may be susceptible to the virus. We determined that two such cric…
Yu-Hua Tseng · JOSLIN DIABETES CENTER · 2024 · $589,365 — Project Summary/Abstract Obesity and its metabolic sequelae are rapidly increasing in the United States and worldwide, leading to high morbidity and mortality in type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and certain cancer. Under the current pandemic, obesity has been recognized as a key risk factor …
Cara Brook · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · 2024 · $14,293 — Project Summary The wide-reaching impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic highlight the extreme threat posed by the cross-species emergence of zoonotic pathogens. Bats (order: Chiroptera) are the natural reservoir hosts for the majority of the world’s most virulent zoonotic viruses, including Hendra and Ni…
Arinjay Banerjee · WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY · 2023 · $191,789 — Assessing the interferome of novel, purpose-driven bat-derived cells SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Over the last decade, bats have emerged as intriguing mammalian reservoirs of emerging high impact viruses that cause severe disease in humans and agricultural animals. However, bats that are naturally or experime…
Tierra Smiley Evans · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS · 2023 · $204,874 — PROJECT SUMMARY Emerging severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants of concern pose a global challenge to the effectiveness of existing and future vaccines. This project will address questions surrounding the immunological response to different sarbecovirus exposure patter…
SEAN EKINS · COLLABORATIONS PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. · 2023 · $295,096 — Project Summary SARS-CoV-2 has led to an increased urgency to develop treatments for additional emerging viruses and potentially provide broader spectrum antivirals in order to anticipate pandemic viruses. Nipah virus (NiV) is a bat-borne pathogen (family Paramyxoviridae) that results in acute and o…
William A Schountz · COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY · 2023 · $1,694,054 — Modified Project Summary/Abstract Section Project Summary / Abstract Bats are reservoirs, or suspected reservoirs, of many zoonotic viruses, including SARS, SARS2 and MERS coronaviruses, Nipah and Hendra viruses, and Ebola and Marburg viruses. Little is known about how these viruses circulate in th…
Adolfo Garcia-Sastre · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · 2023 · $795,700 — PROJECT 2: Ex Vivo Analysis of Coronavirus Tropism, Adaptation, Replication, and Host Response In this proposal, we hypothesize that multiple and discrete virus-host interactions and host responses to infection dictate the pathogenic outcome and host tropism of SARS-CoV-2. We further hypothesize th…
Diane Bimczok · MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY - BOZEMAN · 2023 · $214,575 — Summary The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a major target organ for viral infection in bats, but infections rarely cause typical symptoms of viral enteritis such as diarrhea. The long-term goal of our project is to understand the specific innate immune response mechanisms of the intestinal epitheli…
Abha K Rajbhandari · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · 2023 · $211,250 — PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The fundamental mechanisms by which acute intense stress affects energy homeostasis via brain substrates and sexual dimorphism of these processes are poorly understood. Environmental stressors induce fight-or- flight-or-freeze response via the locus coeruleus (LC) in the bra…
MICHELLE L BAKER · COMMONWEALTH SCIENTIFIC & INDUST RES ORG · 2023 · $146,098 — Project summary/abstract Bats are important reservoir hosts for a variety of viruses, several of which are associated with fatality rates as high as 90% among diagnosed human cases. This includes the highly pathogenic henipaviruses, of which Hendra virus (HeV) emerged in Australia and Nipah virus (N…
Scott C Weaver · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MED BR GALVESTON · 2023 · $1,542,169 — Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) such as chikungunya (CHIKV) and Zika (ZIKV), as well as rodent- and bat-borne viruses such as Lassa fever and probably Ebola, are among the most important causes of emerging infectious diseases, and many circulate enzootically in W. Africa. The mechanisms whereb…
Yu-Hua Tseng · JOSLIN DIABETES CENTER · 2023 · $623,366 — Project Summary/Abstract Obesity and its metabolic sequelae are rapidly increasing in the United States and worldwide, leading to high morbidity and mortality in type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and certain cancer. Under the current pandemic, obesity has been recognized as a key risk factor …
Cara Brook · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · 2023 · $461,856 — The wide-reaching impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic highlight the extreme threat posed by the cross-species emergence of zoonotic pathogens. Bats (order: Chiroptera) are the natural reservoir hosts for the majority of the world’s most virulent zoonotic viruses, including Hendra and Nipah henipaviruse…
PETER CRESSWELL · YALE UNIVERSITY · 2023 · $209,375 — Project Summary COVID-19 is a dangerous pandemic disease caused by the highly infectious coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, which arose by zoonotic transfer from bats. CD8-positive T cells contribute to viral elimination by killing infected cells, preventing viral expansion in an infected individual and limit…
Hannah Kim Frank · TULANE UNIVERSITY OF LOUISIANA · 2023 · $152,000 — Project Summary Bats host many viruses, seemingly without disease, that cause lethal infections in humans and other non-bat species, including rabies, Marburg fever virus and SARS-related coronaviruses. A greater understanding of the bat immune system – how it responds to viruses, how it differs fro…
Emily Suzanne Gurley · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · 2023 · $691,098 — Abstract Until and unless we better understand and prevent spillovers of bat-borne viruses into intermediate hosts and humans, we will be severely limited in our ability to stop pandemics. Henipaviruses are bat-borne, RNA viruses that spillover through this route. Nearly half of all reported human h…
Christopher F Basler · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · 2022 · $217,459 — The Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), is a highly pathogenic, zoonotic, non-segmented, positive-sense RNA virus related to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS CoV) and SARS-CoV-2 that can spread from person to person. The potential threat posed by zoonotic …
Abha K Rajbhandari · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · 2022 · $211,250 — PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The fundamental mechanisms by which acute intense stress affects energy homeostasis via brain substrates and sexual dimorphism of these processes are poorly understood. Environmental stressors induce fight-or- flight-or-freeze response via the locus coeruleus (LC) in the bra…