Smart Cities & Surveillance — WEF, Contracts, FOIA
· Alpr Flock
/ Alpr Debate
Non-citizens — including illegal immigrants — count in the decennial Census, which determines congressional apportionment (House seats), Electoral College shares, and the distribution of more than $2.8 trillion/yr in federal funding. Because that population concentrates in certain jurisdictions, there is a real, documented representation-and-funding stake tied to it — which is why some Republicans (the Hagerty/Cassidy bills) have moved to exclude illegal immigrants from the apportionment count. Source: U.S. Census Bureau / Urban Institute / Sen. Hagerty.
Smart Cities & Surveillance — WEF, Contracts, FOIA
· Alpr Flock
/ Alpr Debate
How much this actually shifts power is disputed — and generally found small. PolitiFact rated FALSE the claim that counting non-citizens gave Democrats '24 more seats,' estimating real shifts of ~2–3 seats. Pew found that excluding unauthorized immigrants would cost California, Florida and Texas a seat each — and Florida and Texas are Republican-leaning. From 2019–2023, far more non-citizens moved to red states (~1.2 million) than blue states (~72,000). So the incentive is real, but the measured partisan effect is modest and not cleanly one-sided. Source: PolitiFact / Pew Research / Third Way.
Smart Cities & Surveillance — WEF, Contracts, FOIA
· Alpr Flock
/ Alpr Debate
Some argue the privacy objection is selectively invoked and really tracks immigration enforcement. Pierce County (WA) Sheriff Keith Swank put it bluntly: 'Outrage over privacy and surveillance spikes the moment the tools start identifying illegal aliens who commit crimes… activists who stayed silent about other monitoring suddenly discover deep concerns for civil liberties when the targets are people in the country illegally.' The broader version ties opposition to the census/representation stake above. This is presented as an argument that is made — not as an established fact. Source: Seattle Red (Sheriff Keith Swank, Jul 2026).
Smart Cities & Surveillance — WEF, Contracts, FOIA
· Alpr Flock
/ Alpr Debate
Opponents frame it as a universal, cross-partisan objection to warrantless mass tracking of everyone. The ACLU's Jay Stanley calls Flock 'a giant nationwide warrantless surveillance infrastructure' and stresses the data 'can be abused not just by ICE, and not just for immigration purposes' — pointing to the Texas officer who searched nationwide for a woman who'd had an abortion and to police running searches around protests. Some opponents do openly name protecting immigrants as one aim — but that is a declared policy position, which is different from a hidden partisan motive. Source: ACLU (Jay Stanley) / EFF.
Smart Cities & Surveillance — WEF, Contracts, FOIA
· Alpr Flock
/ Alpr Debate
A purely partisan read of the opposition is incomplete. The same Norfolk lawsuit is backed from both ends of the spectrum: the libertarian Institute for Justice brings it, and the libertarian Cato Institute AND the progressive ACLU/EFF each filed for the plaintiffs. Cato frames ALPRs as 'suspicionless searches that the Framers sought to prohibit,' tracing them to the 1761 writs-of-assistance fight. Red jurisdictions have dropped Flock — Sedona AZ, and the Texas towns of Bandera ('Self-governance starts at home. It's your duty to defend our constitutional rights') and Lockhart — and Republican legislators (Rep. Keith Self, R-TX) plus GOP-led Arkansas, Idaho and Montana have restricted ALPRs on Fourth-Amendment grounds. Source: Reason / Cato / Bandera Bulletin.
Smart Cities & Surveillance — WEF, Contracts, FOIA
· Alpr Flock
/ Alpr Debate
Short answer from the record: not that anyone has documented. The confusion is understandable — anti-surveillance detectors ('Flock You' / DeFlock) locate Flock cameras by picking up the cameras' OWN emissions: Flock units broadcast a Wi-Fi SSID of the form 'Flock-[partial MAC]' plus Bluetooth beacons, which the detectors read to find them. That is people detecting the camera, not the camera capturing your device. The vendor with documented device-identifier capture is Leonardo/ELSAG's SignalTrace, which runs on ELSAG's own readers and does not integrate with Flock. So: device-MAC capture is a real, documented ALPR-industry capability — but it is not established for Flock's own cameras. 'Not documented' is not the same as 'impossible'; it is simply where the public record stands today. Source: Flock You detector docs (VirtuallyScott) / Leonardo.
Smart Cities & Surveillance — WEF, Contracts, FOIA
· Alpr Flock
/ Alpr Data
There are 122,445 automated license plate reader (ALPR) cameras mapped across the United States in the crowdsourced OpenStreetMap/DeFlock dataset. This is a sample, NOT a complete registry — real deployments are higher.
Smart Cities & Surveillance — WEF, Contracts, FOIA
· Alpr Flock
/ Alpr Data
Mapped ALPR cameras by manufacturer/brand: Flock Safety 99,329, Motorola Solutions 6,296, Other 3,812, Genetec 3,236, Axis Communications 1,555, Leonardo/ELSAG 1,013, Rekor 657, Neology 476 (of 122,445 total). Flock Safety is by far the largest operator.
Smart Cities & Surveillance — WEF, Contracts, FOIA
· Alpr Flock
/ Alpr Data
The US states with the MOST mapped ALPR cameras, ranked highest to lowest (crowdsourced OpenStreetMap/DeFlock): California 19,447, Texas 12,338, Illinois 9,756, Florida 7,273, North Carolina 7,000, Georgia 6,519, Michigan 5,359, Ohio 4,524, Indiana 4,408, Alabama 3,950, New York 3,758, Pennsylvania 2,980, Kansas 2,827, Arizona 2,699, New Jersey 2,698. Flock Safety is the dominant brand in nearly every state.
Smart Cities & Surveillance — WEF, Contracts, FOIA
· Alpr Flock
/ Alpr Data
California (CA) has 19,447 mapped ALPR cameras — 15,419 of them Flock Safety in the crowdsourced OpenStreetMap/DeFlock dataset (a sample, not a complete count).
Smart Cities & Surveillance — WEF, Contracts, FOIA
· Alpr Flock
/ Alpr Data
Texas (TX) has 12,338 mapped ALPR cameras — 11,290 of them Flock Safety in the crowdsourced OpenStreetMap/DeFlock dataset (a sample, not a complete count).
Smart Cities & Surveillance — WEF, Contracts, FOIA
· Alpr Flock
/ Alpr Data
Illinois (IL) has 9,756 mapped ALPR cameras — 7,554 of them Flock Safety in the crowdsourced OpenStreetMap/DeFlock dataset (a sample, not a complete count).
Smart Cities & Surveillance — WEF, Contracts, FOIA
· Alpr Flock
/ Alpr Data
Florida (FL) has 7,273 mapped ALPR cameras — 5,742 of them Flock Safety in the crowdsourced OpenStreetMap/DeFlock dataset (a sample, not a complete count).
Smart Cities & Surveillance — WEF, Contracts, FOIA
· Alpr Flock
/ Alpr Data
North Carolina (NC) has 7,000 mapped ALPR cameras — 6,194 of them Flock Safety in the crowdsourced OpenStreetMap/DeFlock dataset (a sample, not a complete count).
Smart Cities & Surveillance — WEF, Contracts, FOIA
· Alpr Flock
/ Alpr Data
Georgia (GA) has 6,519 mapped ALPR cameras — 6,111 of them Flock Safety in the crowdsourced OpenStreetMap/DeFlock dataset (a sample, not a complete count).
Smart Cities & Surveillance — WEF, Contracts, FOIA
· Alpr Flock
/ Alpr Data
Michigan (MI) has 5,359 mapped ALPR cameras — 4,620 of them Flock Safety in the crowdsourced OpenStreetMap/DeFlock dataset (a sample, not a complete count).
Smart Cities & Surveillance — WEF, Contracts, FOIA
· Alpr Flock
/ Alpr Data
Ohio (OH) has 4,524 mapped ALPR cameras — 4,052 of them Flock Safety in the crowdsourced OpenStreetMap/DeFlock dataset (a sample, not a complete count).
Smart Cities & Surveillance — WEF, Contracts, FOIA
· Alpr Flock
/ Alpr Data
Indiana (IN) has 4,408 mapped ALPR cameras — 4,157 of them Flock Safety in the crowdsourced OpenStreetMap/DeFlock dataset (a sample, not a complete count).
Smart Cities & Surveillance — WEF, Contracts, FOIA
· Alpr Flock
/ Alpr Data
Alabama (AL) has 3,950 mapped ALPR cameras — 3,330 of them Flock Safety in the crowdsourced OpenStreetMap/DeFlock dataset (a sample, not a complete count).
Smart Cities & Surveillance — WEF, Contracts, FOIA
· Alpr Flock
/ Alpr Data
New York (NY) has 3,758 mapped ALPR cameras — 2,230 of them Flock Safety in the crowdsourced OpenStreetMap/DeFlock dataset (a sample, not a complete count).