50 Investible Opportunities for a New Nature Economy Supplementary Appendix 2026

15 Bonds Loans Equity Other De - risking Operational uplifts Scalable opportunities Emerging innovations Ecosystem enablers Land ecosystem use change Ocean ecosystem use change Freshwater use Resource use Pollution Co - benefits Primary financial benefit Tech/ process maturity Capital intensity Scalability Commercial bonds Thematic bonds Sustainability - linked bonds Impact bonds Commercial loans Thematic loans/project finance Sustainability - linked loans Impact loans Commercial equity Private equity Venture capital Impact equity Payments for ecosystem services Blended finance Insurance Advanced market commitments Climate Social Advanced analytics and AI integration for exploration✓ ✓ ✓ CapEx Autonomous drone and remote sensing for mining exploration✓ ✓ ✓ OpEx Direct lithium extraction (DLE)✓ * ✓ Revenue Earth observation and imaging technologies for site management✓ ✓ Revenue In - situ leaching directly from ore bodies✓ * ✓ ✓ CapEx Metal recovery from seawater desalination brine✓ ✓ Revenue New methods for dust - suppression✓ ✓ ✓ OpEx Post - mining transition activities✓ ✓ ✓ OpEx Tailings re - mining - metal recovery✓ ✓ ✓ Revenue Opportunity Archetype Nature impact Financial impact Transformative impact Suitability of financing/de - risking instruments 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 * Further validation still required. Negative impact Positive impact Low High 1 2 3 4 5 Low suitability High suitability Legend: Negative impact Positive impact Low High Low suitability High suitability Opportunity assessment: Mining FINANCING THE NATURE - POSITIVE TRANSITION