AoT Pathways for Airports to Develop into Energy Hubs April 2024

Endnotes 1 Target True Zero (2023): Delivering the Infrastructure for Battery and Hydrogen-Powered Flight https://www.weforum.org/ publications/target-true-zero-delivering-the-infrastructure-for-battery-and-hydrogen-powered-flight/ 2 Global Energy Perspective (September 2024), McKinsey & Company https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/energy-and- materials/our-insights/global-energy-perspective 3 Idem ii 4 Hydrogen Council and McKinsey (2024) Hydrogen Insights 2024 https://hydrogencouncil.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/ Hydrogen-Insights-2024.pdf 5 Idem i 6 AIN, (May 2024), Airbus Launches Hydrogen Feasibility Studies at North American Airports https://www.ainonline.com/ aviation-news/futureflight/2024-05-21/airbus-launches-hydrogen-feasibility-studies-north-american 7 Port of Rotterdam, (May 2024), Collaboration between Port of Rotterdam Authority and Rotterdam The Hague Airport for more sustainable aviation fuel https://www.portofrotterdam.com/en/news-and-press-releases/collaboration-between-port- rotterdam-authority-and-rotterdam-hague-airport 8 Idem i, v 9 International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), Policies for green hydrogen, https://www.irena.org/Energy-Transition/Policy/ Policies-for-green-hydrogen 10 Idem i, v, viii 11 Unlocking hydrogen innovation: Paving the way for a sustainable future, (April 2024), World Economic Forum, https://www. weforum.org/stories/2024/04/unlocking-hydrogen-innovation-paving-the-way-for-a-sustainable-future/ 12 Plug, A Deep Dive into Global Green Hydrogen Policy Incentives, (October 2023) https://www.plugpower.com/blog/a-deep- dive-into-global-green-hydrogen-policy-incentives/ 6. Non-aviation offtakers (e.g., logistics and shipping) –Deploy hydrogen today: Identify opportunities for immediate hydrogen deployment and establish conditions necessary for a broader shift to hydrogen energy –Promote supportive policies: Advocate for policies that signal a broader shift to hydrogen energy –Leverage airport hydrogen hubs: Explore ways to utilize airport hydrogen hubs for broader applications and benefits7. Policy-makers –Standardize safety and sustainability: Develop and harmonize safety and sustainability standards for hydrogen deployment –Accelerate key policies: Implement and accelerate policies and regulations to maintain momentum in hydrogen development –Facilitate cross-border collaboration: Establish cross- border policies to leverage hydrogen in various use cases effectively