Combatting Congestion 2025

Endnotes 1 United Nations (2023). The Sustainable Development Goals Report (Goal 11) https://www.un.org/ sustainabledevelopment/cities. 2 United Nations (2021). UN Sustainable Transport Conference - Fact Sheet Climate Change. https://www.un.org/sites/ un2.un.org/files/media_gstc/FACT_SHEET_Climate_Change.pdf. 3 Statista (2024). Transportation emissions worldwide - statistics & facts. https://www.statista.com/topics/7476/ transportation-emissions-worldwide/#topicOverview . 4 Our World in Data (2023). Cars, planes, trains: where do CO2 emissions from transport come from? https:// ourworldindata.org/co2-emissions-from-transport. 5 C40 (2024). Transportation. https://www.c40.org/what-we-do/scaling-up-climate-action/transportation. 6 Inrix (2022). Inrix Global Traffic Scorecard. https://inrix.com/scorecard. 7 Inrix (2020). INRIX Global Traffic Scorecard: Congestion cost UK economy £6.9 billion in 2019 https://inrix.com/press- releases/2019-traffic-scorecard-uk. 8 Moya-Gómez, B. & García-Palomares, J.C. (2017). The impacts of congestion on automobile accessibility. What happens in large European cities? Journal of Transport Geography, Vol. 21, pp. 148-159. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/ article/abs/pii/S0966692316303209. 9 Li (2023). Exploring the Impact of First Mile/Last Mile Solutions on Traffic Congestion and Air Quality in Urban Areas. www.paradigmpress.org/SSSH/article/download/500/431/635#:~:text=Overall%2C%20the%20literature%20 indicates%20that,air%20quality%20in%20urban%20areas. 10 Puri, K. (2022). What is first-mile delivery? How to optimize first-mile logistics to overcome its challenges. www.fareye. com/resources/blogs/first-mile-delivery-logistics#:~:text=Simply%20put%2C%20first%2Dmile%20delivery,when%20 the%20order%20is%20delivered. 11 World Economic Forum (2020). The Future of the Last Mile Ecosystem. https://www.weforum.org/publications/the- future-of-the-last-mile-ecosystem. 12 Endava (2022). Transportation & Logistics Report: Navigating Technology and the Current State of the Industry. 13 Curry, C. (2023), Robot: Dutch Company provides autonomous ferry solutions at Olympics!, April 19, 2023, https:// nlplatform.com/articles/roboat-dutch-company-provides-autonomous-ferry-solution-olympics. 14 Amsterdam Smart City (2018). Roboat. https://amsterdamsmartcity.com/updates/project/roboat. 15 CTP Invest (2024). https://ctp.eu/industrial-warehouse-office-finder/netherlands/ctpark-amsterdam-city. 16 Delft University of Technology (2019). https://pure.tudelft.nl/ws/portalfiles/portal/56796706/City_Logistics_XI_levv_ conference.pdf. 17 Amsterdam Institute for Advanced Metropolitan Solutions (2023). Next phase for Roboat to boost future-proof urban mobility as a spin-off company. https://www.ams-institute.org/news/next-phase-for-roboat-to-boost-future-proof-urban- mobility-as-a-spin-off-company. 18 Roboat (2019), Roboat Y3 results: moving forward towards a full scale prototype. [Press Release] 18 October 2019, https://www.ams-institute.org/news/roboat-y3-results-moving-forward-towards-full-scale-prototype. 19 Mols, B. (2023) Roboat is on course for the future. https://www.tudelft.nl/en/innovation-impact/pioneering-tech/articles/ roboat-is-on-course-for-the-future. 20 NL (2023). Roboat: Dutch company provides autonomous ferry solution at Olympics! https://nlplatform.com/articles/ roboat-dutch-company-provides-autonomous-ferry-solution-olympics. 21 Deloitte (2020). Deloitte City Index: Dubai. https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/insights/us/articles/4331_Deloitte- City-Mobility-Index/Dubai_GlobalCityMobility_WEB.pdf. 22 Government of Dubai (2024). Dubai Taxi records 8% increase in growth between 2022-2023. https://www.mediaoffice. ae/en/news/2024/March/04-03/Dubai-Taxi-records#:~:text=Dubai’s%20taxi%20sector%20has%20experienced,over%20 the%20past%2015%20years. 23 Trapeze (2018). Smart Maps in Dubai drive taxis to pasengers. https://helpdesk.trapezegroup.com.au/news/article- smart-maps-in-dubai-drive-taxis-to-passengers. 24 Trapeze (n.d.). Taxi Management Solution Module. https://trapezegroup.com.au/taxi/taxi-management-solutions/driver- connect. 25 Trapeze (2018). Dubai RTA on Enhancing Efficiency and the Customer Experience. https://trapezegroup.com.au/ resources/dubai-rta-on-enhancing-efficiency-and-the-customer-experience. 26 Trapeze (n.d.).Taxi Management Solution Module. https://trapezegroup.com.au/taxi/taxi-management-solutions/driver- connect. 27 Roads and Transport Authority, Dubai. “RTA Sustainability Report 2019”, Page 45. https://rta.ae/wps/ wcm/connect/rta/7c3f8b71-1ebb-4e55-bfef-4d08ae394639/RTA-Sustainability-Report-2019-en. Combatting Congestion: How Cities and Companies are Innovating First- and Last-Mile Transport 22