A1.2 Indicator definitions and sources ETI model framework TABLE 19 Sub- dimension Indicator Definition Data sourcesSecuritySupply Diversification of import counterparts (number)Index for diversity of energy (e.g. oil, gas and coal) imports among trade partnersUnited Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) Stats Diversity of TPES (number) Index for diversity of the total primary energy supply, based on the relative contributions of different energy typesIEA World Energy Balances Net energy imports (%) Net energy imports, expressed as a percentage of total energy useIEA World Energy Balances Resilience Diversity of electricity generation (number)Index of diversity of energy sources (bioenergy, coal, gas, hydro, nuclear, solar, wind) contributing to total electricity generationEMBER Climate Flexibility in electricity system (number) Measure of ability of a power system to cope with the variability and uncertainty of renewable generation by modifying electricity production or consumption Calculated as the square root of the sum of electricity generated from fossil fuels, hydro, bioenergy and other renewables divided by total electricity generatedEMBER Climate Reliability System Average Interruption Duration Index (number)Average total duration of outages experienced by a customer in a yearWorld Bank System Average Interruption Frequency Index (number)Average number of service interruptions experienced by a customer in a yearWorld Bank Electric power T&D losses (%) Electricity lost during the T&D process, expressed as a percentage of the total electricity outputIEA World Energy StatisticsEquityEnergy accessProportion of population with access to electricity – urban (%)Population with electricity access in urban areas as a ratio of total urban populationWorld Bank Proportion of population with access to electricity – rural (%)Population with electricity access in rural areas as a ratio of total rural populationWorld Bank Proportion of population with access to clean fuels for cooking (%)Percentage of a country’s population primarily using clean cooking fuels like gaseous fuels, electricity etc. (excluding kerosene)World Bank Energy affordabilityHousehold electricity prices – (USc15/ kwh PPP)Average price of electricity paid by a country’s household (including taxes) in 2015 USc/kwh, adjusted for PPPEnerdata Electricity prices for industry ($/MWh) Average cost of electricity per MWh for a country’s industrial consumers in US dollarsEnerdata Wholesale gas prices ($/MMBTU) Cost of average natural gas in bulk transactions in $/MMBTU, influenced by diverse price formation mechanismsInternational Gas Union Fostering Effective Energy Transition 2025 54