Bertrand Magne Senior Economist, European Investment Bank (EIB) Sandra Melki Vice-President, Marketing and Sustainability, Technip Energies Gustavo Naciff de Andrade Deputy Head, Energy Economics, Energy Research Office (EPE) Frank Peter Deputy Executive Director, Agora Think Tanks; Director, Agora Industry Davide Puglielli Head, Strategy and Group Positioning, Enel Leonardo Beltran Rodriquez Member, Administrative Board, United Nations Sustainability for All (SEforALL) Samar Saad Al-Hameedi Vice-President, Sustainability & ESG, ADNOC John Scott Independent Advisory Board Member Fabby Tumiwa Executive Director, Institute for Essential Services Reform (IESR) Fridtjof Unander Independent Advisory Board Member David G. Victor Professor for Innovation & Public Policy, University of California San Diego (UCSD)The World Economic Forum acknowledges and thanks all data contributors: BloombergNEF, ClimateWatch, Ember Climate, Enerdata, Heritage Foundation, INSEAD, International Energy Agency, International Gas Union, International Monetary Fund, International Renewable Energy Agency, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), World Bank Group, World Trade Organization (WTO), Network Readiness Index (NRI), US Energy Information Administration (EIA), Regulatory Indicators for Sustainable Energy (RISE). We are also extremely grateful to our World Economic Forum team for their support, especially to: Sarah Moin, Kristen Panerali and Harsh Vijay Singh. Production Louis Chaplin Editor, Studio Miko Rose Chilvers Designer, Studio Miko Laurence Denmark Creative Director, Studio Miko Martha Howlett Editorial Manager, Studio Miko Charlotte Ivany Designer, Studio Miko Cat Slaymaker Designer, Studio Miko Fostering Effective Energy Transition 2025 65