GGGR 2023

Global Gender Gap Report 2023250Economy Profile MalaysiaScore 0.682Rank 102ndPage 2 of 2 Complementary Targets and Contextual Indicators 2023 General indicators IndicatorUnit Value GDPUS$ billions 372.98 GDP per capitaconstant '17, intl. $ 1000 26.33 Population sex ratiofemale/male 0.96 Population growth rate% 1.12 IndicatorMillion people Female Male Value Total population 16.60 17.34 33.94 Work participation and leadership IndicatorUnit Value Gender pay gap% (OECD countries only) n. a. Share of women's membership in boards% (OECD countries only) n. a. Firms with female majority ownership% firms 19.40 Firms with female top managers% firms 33.20 Share of workers in informal sector% workers n. a. Indicator1-7 (best) Value Advancement of women to leadership roles 5.31 IndicatorUnit Female Male Value Unemployed adults% of labour force (15-64) 4.68 4.45 4.54 Workers employed part-time% of employed people 11.03 9.31 10.98 Proportion of time spent on unpaid domestic and care work% n. a. n. a. n. a. IndicatorMillion people Female Male Value Labour-force 5.10 7.96 13.06 Access to finance Indicator0-1 (Equal rights) Value Access to financial services Equal rights Inheritance rights for widows and daughters Uneven rights Access to land assets Uneven rights Access to non-land assets Uneven rights Civil and political freedom IndicatorUnit Value Year women received right to voteyear 1957 Number of female heads of state to datenumber 0 Seats held in upper house% total seats 19.60 IndicatorYes/No Value Election list quotas for women, national n. a. Party membership quotas, voluntary Yes Indicator0-1 (Equal rights) Value Access to justice Restricted rights Freedom of movement Equal rightsFamily and care IndicatorUnit Value Public spending on family benefits% GPD n. a. Unmet family planning% women 15-49 n. a. Early marriage% 6.10 Mean age of women at birth of first childyears n. a. Indicator0-1 (Equal rights) Value Right to divorce Unequal rights IndicatorDays Female Male Value Length of parental leave 60.00 0 0 Education and skills GraduatesAttainment % Female Male Parity STEM Graduates n. a. n. a. n. a. Agri., Forestry, Fisheries & Veterinary 47.67 52.33 0.91 Arts & Humanities 63.42 36.58 1.73 Business, Admin. & Law n. a. n. a. n. a. Education 69.73 30.27 2.30 Engineering, Manuf. & Construction 27.05 72.95 0.37 Health & Welfare 72.41 27.59 2.62 Information & Comm. Technologies 46.00 54.00 0.85 Natural Sci., Mathematics & Statistics 70.73 29.27 2.42 Social Sci., Journalism & Information n. a. n. a. n. a. Vocational training 3.71 5.70 0.65 PhD graduates 0.26 0.27 0.26 Graduates% Female Male Value Graduates from tertiary education 22.14 10.77 16.28 Health IndicatorUnit Value Prevalence of gender violence in lifetime% women n. a. Births attended by skilled personnel% live births 99.60 Maternal mortalitydeaths per 100,000 live births 29.00 Total fertility ratebirths per woman 1.82 Indicator0-1 (Equal rights) Value Reproductive autonomy Restricted rights *Scores are on a 0 to 1 scale, where 1 represents the optimal situation or “parity”. Please see Appendix A and B for detailed methodology, definitions, sources and periods. **For all indicators, except the two health indicators, parity is benchmarked at 1. In the case of sex ratio at birth, the gender parity benchmark is set at 0.944 (see Klasen and Wink, 2003). In the case of healthy life expectancy the gender parity benchmark is set at 1.06, given women's longer life expectancy.