70. US Internal Revenue Service. (2026). Treasury, IRS issue proposed regulations on the clean fuel production credit under the One, Big, Beautiful Bill. https://www.irs.gov/newsroom/treasury-irs-issue-proposed-regulations-on-the-clean-fuel- production-credit-under-the-one-big-beautiful-bill 71. US Representative Sharice Davids. (2025). Davids backs bipartisan bill to boost sustainable aviation fuel. https://davids. house.gov/media/in-the-news/davids-backs-bipartisan-bill-boost-sustainable-aviation-fuel 72. Government of Canada. (2026). Biofuels Production Incentive. https://natural-resources.canada.ca/energy-sources/ clean-fuels/biofuels-production-incentive 73. Russ, G. (2025). Sustainable or unsustainable? BC’s SAF mandate faces global headwinds. Resource Works. https://resourceworks.com/doubling-down-on-sustainable-aviation-fuel-is-the-wrong-move-at-the-wrong-time/ 74. Lakhdari, M. & Benali, M. (2025). Canada’s Approach to Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF). Natural Resources Canada. https://www.eubce.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/Mehdi-Lakhdari-SAF-presentation-Valencia-Canada-Lakhdari- Benali.pdf 75. Quantum Commodity Intelligence. (2025). Ontario approves increased domestic target for renewable diesel, gasoline. https://www.qcintel.com/biofuels/article/ontario-approves-increased-domestic-target-for-renewable-diesel- gasoline-46421.html 76. The Maritime Executive. (2025). China Rolls Out Subsidy For Green Fuels Production. https://maritime-executive.com/ article/china-rolls-out-subsidy-for-green-fuels-production 77. Yap, T.S.L. & Aizhu, C. (2025). China allows more biofuel firms to export green aviation fuel, sources say. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/sustainability/climate-energy/china-allows-more-biofuel-firms-export-green-aviation-fuel- sources-say-2025-10-17/ 78. Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore (CAAS). (2025, 10 November). New Sustainable Aviation Fuel Levy To Apply From 1 April 2026 for Flights Departing From 1 October 2026 [Press release]. https://www.caas.gov.sg/who-we-are/newsroom/ Detail/new-SAF-levy-to-apply-from-1-apr-2026-for-flights-departing-from-1-oct-2026 79. Australian Government, Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water. (2025, 17 September). New production incentive for low carbon liquid fuels [Press release]. https://www.dcceew.gov.au/about/news/new-prod- incentive-low-carbon-liquid-fuels 80. European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA). (2025). ReFuelEU Aviation Annual Technical Report 2025. https://www.easa.europa.eu/en/document-library/general-publications/refueleu-aviation-annual-technical-report- 2025#group-easa-downloads 81. Pilling, M. (2025). UAE Prepares To Introduce SAF Mandate For Airlines. Aviation Week. https://aviationweek.com/air- transport/safety-ops-regulation/uae-prepares-introduce-saf-mandate-airlines 82. Tiemele, D. (2025). Aviation and hydrocarbon stakeholders are strengthening their capacities for the adoption of sustainable fuels in air transport. Agence Ivoirienne de Presse. https://www.aip.ci/229823/cote-divoire-aip-des-acteurs- de-laviation-et-des-hydrocarbures-renforcent-leurs-capacites-pour-ladoption-de-carburants-durables-dans-le-transport- -aerien/ 83. Sustainability Directory. (2025). African Policy Roadmap Unlocks Regional Sustainable Aviation Fuel Investment . https:// news.sustainability-directory.com/industry/african-policy-roadmap-unlocks-regional-sustainable-aviation-fuel-investment/ 84. Mehlum, E. & Especie, M. (2025). Quadrupling clean fuels by 2035: Why we must scale sustainable energy. https://www.weforum.org/stories/2025/11/quadrupling-clean-fuels-by-2035/ 85. Centro UC. (2025). Chile advances in the production of sustainable aviation fuel. https://cien.uc.cl/en/2025/10/29/chile- advances-in-the-production-of-sustainable-aviation-fuel/ 86. Mexico News Daily. (2025). Airbus and Volaris partner to develop sustainable aviation fuels in Mexico. https://mexiconewsdaily.com/travel/sustainable-aviation-fuel-volaris-airbus/ 87. An exception is CORSIA, which covers international flights, but this is dealt with separately in the next section. 88. Carbon leakage refers to the risk that some airlines may refuel in regions in which SAF mandates are not in place and conventional fuel is cheaper to access, thus shifting emissions elsewhere. This can also be associated with “tankering” – the practice of carrying extra fuel onboard an aircraft to reduce refuelling needs and costs in a region where a SAF mandate is in place. This practice can generate extra emissions due to the additional fuel needed to fly heavier aircraft. 89. Airlines For Europe. (2025). New Deloitte Study Reveals EU sustainability policies could harm Europe’s attractiveness as a destination while undermining sectoral emissions reduction. https://a4e.eu/publications/new-deloitte-study-reveals- eu-sustainability-policies-could-harm-europes-attractiveness-as-a-destination-while-undermining-sectoral-emissions- reduction/ 90. International Air Transport Association (IATA). (2025). Fact sheet CORSIA – December 2025. https://www.iata.org/en/iata- repository/pressroom/fact-sheets/fact-sheet-corsia/ 91. International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). (2025). Interim Assessments in Support of the 2025 CORSIA Periodic Review. https://www.icao.int/sites/default/files/environmental-protection/CORSIA/Documents/CORSIA%20Periodic%20 Review/CAEP_Inputs-to-2025-CORSIA-periodic-review-C234.pdf Global Aviation Sustainability Outlook 2026 65