Acknowledgement The Global Risks Report is produced exclusively by the World Economic Forum. We are grateful to our longstanding partners on previous editions, Marsh McLennan and Zurich Insurance Group. Their generous inputs and in-depth guidance have been invaluable over the last 20 years. Terms of use and disclaimer This document is published by the World Economic Forum as a contribution to a project, insight area or interaction. The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed herein are a result of a collaborative process facilitated and endorsed by the World Economic Forum but whose results do not necessarily represent the views of the World Economic Forum, nor the entirety of its Members, Partners or other stakeholders. World Economic Forum 91-93 route de la CapiteCH-1223 Cologny/GenevaSwitzerlandTel.: +41 (0)22 869 1212Fax: +41 (0)22 786 2744E-mail: [email protected] Copyright © 2025 by the World Economic Forum All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, or otherwise without the prior permission of the World Economic Forum. ISBN: 978-2-940631-30-8The report and an interactive data platform are available at https://www.weforum.org/publications/ global-risks-report-2025/. The Global Risks Report 2025 January 2025 Global Risks Report 2025 2