Contributors Acknowledgements The World Economic Forum would like to extend its gratitude to the following individuals for their valuable contributions to this report. The paper does not necessarily reflect the views of these individuals and/or their organizations. Expert advice is purely consultative in nature and does not imply any association with the takeaways or conclusions presented within this paper. Shahid Ahmed Global EVP , New Ventures & Innovation, NTT Data Aashna Bansal International Programs Associate, T-Hub Igor de Biasio Chief Executive Officer, Principia Oscar Carracedo Director, DistritoTec (Tecnológico de Monterrey) Aquino Eloah Communication Leader, DistritoTec (Tecnológico de Monterrey) Yousif Ghamdi Director, Aramco Taleed Max Goldfield Strategy, Diriyah Company Nadeem Khan Business Development Lead, Aramco Taleed Carolina Villarreal Leos Environments and Placemaking Leader, DistritoTec (Tecnológico de Monterrey) Daishi Mashiyama Senior Manager, New Business Development Headquarters, NTT East Angélica Mata Intelligence Leader, DistritoTec (Tecnológico de Monterrey)Edoardo Nardella Art Director, Principia Zakaria Oulad Councillor & VP , Urban Planning & Smart City Commission, City of Agadir Antonio Gómez-Palacio Chief Executive Officer, DIALOG Harsh Pamnani Senior Director & Marketing Head, T-Hub Carolina Pluszczynski Chief Operating Officer & Head of Innovation Services, Michigan Central Jacqueline Poh Chief Executive Officer, JTC Corporation Priyanka Ravala Director, International Programs, Strategy & Partnerships, T-Hub Aleksandre Revia Strategy Executive Director, Diriyah Company Emily Robson Assistant Chief Executive, Liverpool Knowledge Quarter Sze-Anne Teo Assistant Manager, Media, Communications Division, JTC Corporation Production Rose Chilvers Designer, Studio Miko Laurence Denmark Creative Director, Studio Miko Jonathan Walter EditorJibran Ahmed Lead, Urban Transformation, World Economic Forum Andrew Collinge Director, Smart Places and Digital Infrastructure, JacobsKatie Adnams Associate Director, Smart Places and Digital Infrastructure, Jacobs Tim Rowe Chief Executive Officer, Cambridge Innovation Center Innovation Ecosystems: A Toolkit of Principles and Best Practice 48

Innovation Ecosystems 2025