Open but Secure Europe%E2%80%99s Path to Strategic Interdependence 2025

Images: Getty Images Disclaimer This document is published by the World Economic Forum as a contribution to a project, insight area or interaction. The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed herein are a result of a collaborative process facilitated and endorsed by the World Economic Forum but whose results do not necessarily represent the views of the World Economic Forum, nor the entirety of its Members, Partners or other stakeholders. © 2025 World Economic Forum. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system.Contents Foreword 3 Introduction 4 1 Foreign policy and defence: resilience through engagement 7 2 Climate and energy: a strategically interdependent transition 11 3 Demography and migration: a roadmap for renewal 14 4 Technology and innovation: playing to Europe’s strengths 17 5 Europe in the global economy: driving growth through innovation 20 and trade partnerships Conclusion 24 Contributors 25 Endnotes 29 Open but Secure: Europe’s Path to Strategic Interdependence 2