PHSSR Policy Roadmaps for Acting Early on NCDs Synthesis Report 2025

31 Acting early on NCDs The Partnership for Health System Sustainability and ResilienceFigure 12: Chronic kidney disease – DAL Ys (per 100,000), all ages and age-standardised, 2011, 2016 and 2021 Source: IHME, 2023. neighbours, maintains one of Europe’s highest renal replacement therapy rates at 165 per million population (Thurlow et al., 2021). Earlier detection would prevent progression to end-stage disease, where treatment costs escalate dramatically. Without systematic screening integrated into diabetes and hypertension management, health systems will continue catching CKD at its most expensive and debilitating stages. Chronic respiratory diseases As shown in Figure 13, most countries showed increases in unadjusted DALYs from chronic respiratory diseases, between 2011 and 2021, with only Greece achieving a reduction (-10.2%). While all countries show reductions in age-adjusted terms. Spain carries the highest respiratory burden in our sample, potentially reflecting smoking patterns, air quality issues, or differences in COPD management. Figure 13: Chronic respiratory diseases – DAL Ys (per 100,000), all ages and age-standardised, 2011, 2016 and 2021 Source: IHME, 2023. All ages: Age standardised % change (all ages) 2011 2016 20214.0% 2.1%6.9%-10.2% 9.1%10.6%6.3%10.0% 05001,000 Canada France Germany Greece Italy Japan Poland Spain All ages: Age standardised % change (all ages) 2011 2016 2021133.8% 19.5%27.1% 25.3%15.7% -13.0%8.2% 05001,000 13.8% Canada France Germany Greece Italy Japan Poland Spain