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FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
FREEDOM OF INFORNIATION/PRIVACY ACTS SECTION
COVER SHEET
SUBJECT: TRUMAN CAPOTE
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V_IAS MON, NOVEMBER ?7 -- Lee Ha y-Oswald is dead. Mi 11°
l :_' _F£i;-"i>1a§'*f6il*'c6pa Commit e s not. Their headquarters
located 1 r1¢é at 799 Broadway, New York City. 1'ne1r f'F'csxT='=
. door is marked with a Cuban flag and the words, in Spanish, Cuba!
Free Territory of the Americas." - "
Chief occupant of the musty office is_[ ncent Theodore Lee '
onetime seaman who is the committee's third national direc or. Th
group was born in April 1960, and labeled a Communist front by a
Senate subcommittee one year later. -
In a recent appearance before that body, the Senate Internal
Security Subcommittee, Lee repeatedly "invoked the Fifth Amendment.
- He refused to answer questions about Communist membership or funds supplied him by the Castro government. V '
, He was not always so reticent. Earlier he had told a reporter
lfor the Tampa Times "he was not concerned about Communist influence
' in Cuba and did not" care if there were any Communists among the Fair- Play for Cuba Committee! members 1 ." , [ a-_ l =;~1.- .92 Fair Play's creator is r, _n x-convictdwho served time
for armed robbery, auto theft"§Ed' dnapping_. He toiled as a CBS
lnewsman when he used Cuban dollars to organize Fair Play in 1960. ____
Taber left the States in 1961, one step ahead of Senate probers
who sought him for testimony. He arrived in Cuba with $19, O00 in
Fair Play mds and went to work for Castro's news agency. He re-turned to this country earlier this year but has not been actiiej in
Jair Play work. ' V Q 92 _, ,_;"te,r,_<_,}* Fair Play's second national director ip___§9p, a Negrédil
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and self-styled Black Nationalist. Senate recgifdlsh h wThat Gibson iv
was a freshman at Kenyon College in Ohio 13 years ago. .He vanished
Just before the end of his spring term, leaving behind a tuition bill
of $579 which has not yet been paid. 4
Gibson, too, refused to answer questions before the Internal-=? -Security subcommittee, then left for Algeria where he now serves <
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p One é" organization's most energetic workers wa_s_ 13_obert
Fran1;____ !;!_i_Llli,g§;§, a North Carolinaintegration leader who fled to _i'5 ?":" y T"T :"" H W _ 7 w 7 f kidna ing in 1961. He now spews
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._ kYkFOR REL_EASE_'IHUliSDAY;92aOVEMB_ER 2 , 19 3 PAGE 2933:" ' mom mawts, 92TR.6» _ ' _ Q xx Illinois; /Another Fair Play operative working out of C cago has been _1;_i;:_1_g Q/
Criley, identified by the House Im¥American Activities Committee in
1999 as a Communist; Called that afternoon to the stand; and given
an opportunity to deny the allegation, Criley took the Fifth. »
In Los Angeles, Fair Play is a Joint operation of the Communist
and Socialist workers parties, both of which are listed as subversive
organizations by the Attorney General. Dorothy Healy, Communist Party-_-u
C'uf>a wh n sought by the FBI or pp
hatred over the facilities of Radio Ha ana.
A number of prominent people lent their names in a newspaper Xadvertisementlt Fair Play in its _ ier days. These incl play- 7/ if Iwright _ . ote, novelis am ldwin, critic Igelgne '1 van, / F
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s#1#authors No Mailer, and Jean-P __ artre. They no longer support'" - --_ ,_-,v!;' the group. - . _?__
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NF.-I Yam: 7/ 8/ 6° 3/21 - 6/21;/60 - .REPORTING OFFICE OFFICE OF ORIGIN 92 -- DATE INVESTIGATIVE PERIOD
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OF CASE - '
*1! ACT - CUBA
. ISYNOPSIS: _| » " I ./ ' » v _92 " REFERENCE _. -' 5." I"""" 6 w Mi 1;;Wm Bulet, 5/27/ 0. /._' gr-_U' guy _92_.4 /t»ne£/*i{f%<2@ /@¢W/éisaté M 1¥D INISTRATI 'E 92 , L"'" 92_ 92.ii..a "¢ -.1 ::£92.:"..=".-_L--Jzi L. ' i For wenicion pf aurea.a92>~ BATE*Zie771f&8: _,</%
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97-1809
The following article appeared in the December10, 1959 edition of the "New York Times".
" Reporting on Cuba
News Channels Here Charged with
- Misinforming American Public
"To The Editor of The New York Times:
"Statements ridiculing Cuba's outcries regardingUnited States laxity in preventing Havana's bombing a fewweeks ago are tarnished in light of recent news.
"Following Premier Castro's speech denouncing theraid, statements of incredulity were issued in this country.Mr. Eisenhower expressed "surprise": N. B. C.'s ChetHuntley, in a program belitting the Cuban revolution as amomentary phase of a power-seeking minority merry-go-round,professed that the raid was 9obviously impossible and a trick.ll
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IIThe people of the United States should know that
material witnesses were produced in Cuban who saw the shootin
from a plane. None stepped forth to claim the contrary.
Postmortem examination of the Havana casualties revealed that
the wounds were produced by explosives and projectiles.
"And the recent truth is that, following an
anonymous tip, counter - revolutionaires based in Florida
were caught loading bombs in a plane that by their own
admission was destined to raid Cuba. These facts clearly
suggest that Cuba's earlier claims were not unfounded.
"At this juncture it is fair tocnnclude that there
is predetermined and malicious intent on the part of the
United States press agencies to misinform the American public
covering the Cuban situation in a veil propitious to incite
a counter - revolution and undermine United States - Cuban
relationships. , _
"Charles A. Santos Buch, M. D.
" New York, Dec. 2, 1959."8
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97-1809
On April 6, 1960, the "New York Times" a dailyNew York City newspaper, carried a full page advertisementcaptioned What Is Really Happening In Cuba" which wassponsored by the "Fair Play For Cuba Committee, Box T2h9Times, New York". This article reads as follows:
"WHAT IS REALEY HAPPENING IN CUBA?
"From Havana cone charges of sabotage, economicaggression, counter-revolutionary intrigue, air raids on Cubancane fields, sugar mills, homes. Against this background,the great news agencies and a powerful section of the U.S.press raise a barrage of equally grave accusations. What canwe believe in the welter of conflicting reports? '
"us onnv REPCRT was FACTS" u.s. nwsmsu ARE AccswomnT0 say. IS THIS anus? conrans THE'FOLLOWING'FACTS.'
"COMMUNISM: A pro-Communist state has been established in Cubawith the clear objective of bargining with Soviet Russia forthe munitions of war...-SOKOLSK2'in the New York Journal-America
True or false?.»,
"False. Not a shred of evidence has been produced to sup-port such allegations as the one above, charges consistentlyused to create a smoke screen behind which the social objec-tives of the Cuban revolution can be attacked and sabotaged.Cuba's recent trade pact with the Soviet Union representsan effort to find new markets for Cuban sugar, and to obtain,not arms, but agricultural implements and industrialmachinery for which credit has been denied in the United"States, Many other American republics trade wimthe
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"council of the national labor organization, the C.T.C. Ininternational affairs, Cuba finds its natural affinity withthe other small,unde:~developed nations of the wo. Itis true that a profound social and economic revolution isin progress in Cuba, and that the:meeping reforms that arebeing inaugurated undoubtedly must affect the one-billion-dollar U.S. investment in the island. But only those whoequate Communism with all forces that threaten the statusquo of property interests will find'the Cuban Revolution'Communistic.' Efforts to drive a wedge between the RomanCatholic Church and the Revoluntionary Government, on theissue of Communism, have been forcefully repulsed by theChurch itself. To quote the latest of severgl recentdeclarations on the subject, Monsignor MANUE RODRIGUEZ9292QggAS, Bishop of Pinar del Rio, says: There is perfecth mony between the Church and the State. Our Revolution,says FIDEL CASTRO, is not Communist but humanist.
"Confiscation; In Cuba, C§TRO is stealing Americanproperty with impunity.-U.S, News & World
* Report
"False. Although the word 'confiscation' has often beenused by the press in a context which would suggest illegalseizure, nothing has beenswolen from any American--or anyCuban. The Agrarian Reform Law, designed to diversifyCuban agriculture and to give lO0,000 landless peasants astake in their own rich agricultural country, conforms inall respects with international law and the practice
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"of all civilized countries. In some cases, it has beennecessary to put property under the supervision of govern-ment representatives a process known as intervention!,pending a decision as to formal, legal expropriation.Owners whose property is to be expropriated much as itwould be acquired by condemnation in the United States,to meet any legitimate public need! have been promisedcompensation in 20-year government bonds, bearing in-
terest at the rate of 4%%. This
for example, the U.S. land reform
Japan by General MAC ARTHUR afterfor compensation in 2%-year bondsbonds have been printed and await
natures.
"CHAOS: All that now remains iscompares favorably with,
program imposed on
world War II, providing
at 3%%. The Cuban"
only the proper sig-
for CASTRO to give the
word, and the Terror, the ruthless hunting downand shooting of FIDEL's opponents, will begin.-
Newsweek.
"False. Despite the above prediction, Nov. 3, 1959, andthe incessant references to 'terror,' 'chaos,' and dictatship in theIU.S. press, the great work of revolutionaryreform and reconstruction now in progress in Cuba is goingforward in an atmosphere of extraordinary optimism andenergy, as any tourist can testify. The island is beinggoverned by a provisional governmnt under the Constitutionof l9hO , which is notabb in the Hemisphere for itsliberality. Cubans--and visitors to the island--remainOI-
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"Havana--the occasion of real terror, and in one instanceof the death of two Cubans and the wounding of H5--havefailed to force the government to take any but the mostobviouslty urgent security measures. Despite an attemptedinvasion from Santo Domingo, a widespread counter-revolu-tionary conspiracy, and numerous small acts of sabotageand terrorism on the part of former BATISTA henchmen, thegovernment has refrained from invoking the death sentenceagainst convicted counter-revolutionaries. Newseek not-withstanding, not one of these has been shot.
WHAT HAVE WE DONE...?' asks a new and hopeful generationof Cubans, viewed with hostility in Washington and WallStreet, accused of 'impudence' for seeking their independencethreatened with economic and diplomatic 'isolation in the
Hemisphere.
"Perhaps their crime is their youth. The average age ofthe Cuban revolutionary leaders is 29!. Perhaps they haveaspired toward too much, too soon. Three thousand low-costhousing units build in the first year of revolution, morethan 7,000 classrooms, hundreds of miles of new roads,500 flourishing agricultural cooperatives, thousands ofjobs created in new industries established through thevoluntary contributions of a million Cuban workers.!Perhaps the explanation is simply that there are, in theUnited States, powerful interests bent on frustrating theprimary purpose of the Revolution: to give Cuba back to
the Cubans. -
"It is true that the young leaders of the Cuban Revolutionhave little patience with considerations of profit and loss,in the face of poverty and human need. Nor have they anysaving experience with the amenities of public relations,or the intrigues of dollar diplomacy, or the sophistry ofJournalistic 'factsf which distrot truth. But if so, they-I-! 7/ M
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"are in the American tradition. Certainly they deserve ahearing. This much the American tradition owes them. This
much we, as Americans, owe them.97-1809
would you like to know more of the truth about revolutionary
Cubaas it is today?
ADDRESS YOUR INQUIRIES TO: '
TF5-;=Am PL!-.Y son cusp. COI=II='IITTEE
BOX '121l9 TII'~1.'E.S, NEW YORK"
On the left hand column of the article is
printed the following notice:
This public appeal for Fair Play for Cuba
has the support of a group_o? thinking individuals, holdinga variety of political persuasions, representing no one butthemselves, linked herezw-a single common concern-for theover-riding principle of Justice which is always at issue,wherever partisan interest clashes with simple truth.Among the sponsors of this advertisement are the following:
JAMES¥BALD»-IINsxmomé. 92a¢.- ZSEAUVOIR1
FRANK LONDON '92iaRcm
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JOHN I-IENRIK xcmnmPro RT G.92¬OLODNY
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CABLE ON EEALS, Co-Chairman
The Fair Play For Cuba Committee ,
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-- FROM : S. B. Donahue,-??~.~t , _;Malone ____
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' 1 r.___ ooh: no. 10 .
Liunjali STATES covzz YMENT
- , ,___
g pkg ; 11-{.72. G. H. SCATTERDAY
The Washington Capital News Service i92n'a release
Play for Cuba Committee charged
U.S'. press is distorting news
of Premier Fidel Castro. In an
Times" the group, headed by
send "the truth about revolutionary4-6-60 mentioned that the Fair
that a powerful section of the{from Cuba to attack the regime
advertisement in "The New York
author Jaldo Frank, offered toa _.,f_ 1
Memorandum
1'0 ' MR. 1'1-:: April 8, 1960
ele.Roon
_ lnqram_./ !Gondy __SUBJECT: CHAIRMAN AND spozvsoas or Z0214112 PLAY FOR CUBA cozmrrrzr_____4___ _ ____._ _ ,4... . _ .. ...-._~-,»...¢.~_~. ._........., . v _--~">"-I-$4-b-'-.--'4~'_.¢~-.92-.1.-T-;>[email protected]._._~- -..._._..__~ .__...-..._ ........< _ _....,.._._..._.,v...__1_,....~_~,. ~.._;,.-.»_-~..~.'~_-1-A.-. .~.__._,....,.___ _ __ _ _ ..,.._____,..._......,.._,. . . . _:.92.: __ ._1 __ _, __".Y_' __ -.4. _; .~.¢__-._.'_r!._.; 2 __._ ,_.'____,__L ._ . ,.; _;.__»_ _ __ . _:_ ._
Tolaan ._
92bhr..__
Parsons _
Belmont _
Callahan
Roan 1
zcmm
Cuba" to anyone who wrote asking for information. In addition
to Frank, sponsors of this advertisement include Truman Capote,
No investigation has
of these individuals with the
investigated during l943-44,
the subject of a Security Matter
=_.;_;~_. ' '- files contain the following information concerning these.
individuals:
UM/7/?/Qoho was .
s currently
on. BureauSimone De Beauvoir, Norman Mailer, Kenneth Tynan, and Jean Paul 1
- Sartre. The Director requested "Let me have summaries on each of;
above underlined. H. " _i
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IMemorandum to Mr. Belmont
RE. C'IL4IRI.MN AND SPUNSURS OF
FAIR FOR UUBA C'0I4MITTEZ'.".~ --:.;.~3- - 2 -; '
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;_. Truman Capote, a close friend of publisher Bennett
/ Cerf, is a nationally known autho_r__qrz_Qiw7:Lt,er j__o__r__t_ e_,j'1V_ew_York_e_r" magazine. "Time" magazine on ll-3-58 reviewed a bookby C'apote,__born M4824, and described him as author -of severalbooks all pblighed by .'erf's Random House. 00-369422-42! '
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1" _§:.;'i,- 25335-.:;f,'__§§-f;';.fjs Kemoranclum to Mr. Belmont
RE: CHAIRMAN AND SPONSQRS 01*-
FAIR PLAY 1-1012 cum cozmrrrm
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_ Invest resent1y be_zng_conducted to _ determzne whethe _ present actzvztzes warrant hzs
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REO0MHE'1JDA TI ON :
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zucrsmnrzozv ACT - 0019.4 I"
Reference is made to my menorandum dated 4-8-60
captioned "Chairman and Sponsors of Fair Play for Cuba .
Committee" and Mr. Donahoe's memorandum to you dated.
4-12-60 captioned as above. These memoranda set forth Q --
information in Bureau files concerning 30 individuals whowere_indicated as supporters of the Fair Play for Cuba '1 § '_-
Commzttee. 92~,
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no pertinent information identifiable with the following -,
13 of the original 30 names:I Q-11 0
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1 - Mr. Parsons . , 1- - Mr. Belmont ~_;
S!¬'o 1 - Mr. DeLoach - - 1 - Name Check35°12 APR 26195:: ..
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REUESTRATIQN ACT - CUBA ~
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That this memorandum and attachments be furnished
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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICEFEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
Report of: Office: New York
Date:
File Number:
Title:' COMITTEE
Character:New York 97-1792
loTHE FAIR PLAY FOR CUBA '1 '=";a
REGISTRATION ACT - cusp. E -- --= "" . " o'i7 1r 3 7
INTERNAL SECURITY CUBA
"New York
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ir Play for Cuba Committee", which was
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On April 6, 1960, the "New York Times" a daily
New York City newspaper, carried a full page advertisement
captioned "what Is Really Happening In Cuba" which wassponsored by the "Fair Play For Cuba Committee, Box T249
Times, New York". This article reads as follows:
REALLY
"WHAT_IS / HAPPENING IN CUBA?
"From Havana come charges of sabotage, economicaggression, counter-revolutionary intrigue, air raids on Cuban
cane fields, sugar mills, homes. Against this background,the great news agencies and a powerful section of the U.S.
press raise a barrage of equally grave accusations. What can
we believe in the welter of conflicting reports?
WE ONLY REPORT THE FACTS U.S. NEWSMN ARE ACCUSTOMED '
TO SAY. IS THIS TRUE? COMPARE THE FOLLOWING 'FACTS.'
YCOMUNISM: A pro-Communist state has been established in Cuba
with the clear objective of bargining with Soviet Russia for .
the munitions of war...-SOKOLSKY in the New York Journal-American.True or false? T
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False. Not a shred of evidence has been produced to sup-
port such allegations as the one above, charges consistently
used to create a smoke screen behind which the social objec-
tives of the Cuban revolution can be attacked and sabotaged.
Cuba's recent trade pact with the Soviet Union represents
an effort to find new markets for Cuban sugar, and to obtain,
not arms, but agricultural implements and industrial
machinery for which credit has been denied in the United
States. Many other American republics trade with the
Soviets--as does the United States itself. Cuba's Com-
munist Party is a tiny minority, with about 16,000 members.
In the 1959 labor elections, Communist candidates won in
only eight of the 243 locals of the 500,000-member Sugar
Workers Federation, and none was elected to the executive
council of the national labor organization, the'C.T.C. In -
international affairs, Cuba finds its natural affinity with
the other small, under-developed nations of the world. It
is true that a profound social and economic revolution is
in progress in Cuba, and that the sweeping reforms that are
being inaugurated undoubtedly must affect the one-b1llion-dollar U.S. investment in the island. But only those who
equate Communism with all forces that threaten the status
quo of property interests will find the Cuban Revolution
'Communistic.' Efforts to drive a wedge between the Roman
Catholic Church and the Revolutionary Government, on the
issue of Communism, have been forcefully repuhed by the _Church itself. To quote the latest of several r cent ,_ ' ~lggplarations on the subject, Mgnsignpr MANU§L£5%RIQUEZ {Li/9 E
,ZAS, Bishop of Pinar del Rio, says: 'There'is perfect
harmony between the Church and the State. '0ur.Revolution,'
says FIDEL CASTRO, is not Communist but humanist.
CONFISCATION: In Cuba, CASTRO is stealing Americanproperty with impunity.-U.S. News & WorldReport
False. Although the word 'confiscation' has often been
used by the press in a context which would suggest illegalQ
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*~ 1 -_;-.92»' u.-»'2..' .'f"l; §:~_ '1 1- 1'!._.>_ .:;_.._.;,_._ . ~ ,.. ...s;'g.of all civilized countries. In some cases, it has been
necessary to put property under the supervision of govern-
ment representatives a process known as intervention!,
pending a decision as to formal, legal expro riation.Owners whose property is to be expropriated %much as it
would be acquired by condemnation in the United States,
to meet any legitimate public need! have been promised
compensation in 20-year government bonds, bearing in-
terest at the rate of 4%%. Thiscnmpares favorably with,
for example, the U.S. land reform program imposed on
Japan by General MAC ARTHUR after World War II, providing
f0P Qompensation in 24-year bonds at 3%%. The Cuban
bonds have been printed and await only the proper sig-
natures.
All that now remains is for CASTRO to give the
word, and the Terror, the ruthless hunting down
and shooting of FIDEL's opponents, will begin.-
Newsweek.CHAOS:
False. Despite the above prediction, Nov. 3, 1959, and
the incessant references to lterror,' 'chaos,' and dictator
ship in the U.S. press, the great work of revolutionary
reform and reconstruction now in progress in Cuba is going
forward in an atmosphere of extraordinary optimism andenergy, as any tourist can testify. The island is beinggoverned by a provisional government under the Constitutionof l9UO, which is notable in the Hemisphere for itsliberality. Cubans--and visitors to the island--remainDill
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and terrorism on the part of former BATISTA henchmen, the
government has refrained from invoking the death sentence
against convicted counter-revolutionaries. Newsweek not-
withstanding, not one of these has been shot.
WHAT HAVE WE DONE...? asks a new and hopeful generation _
of Cubans, viewed with hostility in Washington and wall
Street, accused of 'impudence' for seeking their independence
threatened with economic and diplomatic 'isolation' in the
Hemisphere.
Perhaps their crime is their youth. The average age of
the Cuban revolutionary leaders is 29.! Perhaps they have
aspired toward too much, too soon. Three thousand low-cost
housing units built in the first year of revolution, more
than 7,000 classrooms, hundreds of miles of new roads,
500 flourishing agricultural cooperatives, thousands of
Jobs created in new industries established through the
voluntary contributions of a million Cuban workers.!
Perhaps the explanation is simply that there are, in the
United States, powerful interests bent on frustrating the
primary purpose of the Revolution: to give Cuba back to
the Cubans.
It is true that the young leaders of the Cuban Revolution
have little patience with considerations of profit and loss,
in the face of poverty and human need. Nor have they any
saving experience with the amenities of public relations,
or the intrigues of dollar diplomacy, or the sophistry of
journalistic facts which distort truth. But if so, they
are in the American tradition. Certainly they deserve a
hearing. This-much the American tradition owes them. This
much we, as Americans, owe them. '
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On the left hand column of the article is »
,printed the following notice: W
"This public appeal for Fair Play for Cuba¬# /'/a~¬,
has the support of a group of thinking individuals, holding Q
a variety of political persuasions, representing no one but g
themselves, linked hereby a single common concern-for-the
over-riding principle of Justice which is always at issue,
wherever partisan interest clashes with simple truth.
Among the sponsors of this advertisement are the following:-__92 ._.-....___.---
J E92 N
smo _ e BEAUV IR.
FRANK'LONDO _BROWN
Tam-wmoJOHN uE1~1Rn7_t¬1:R1<E .__ RoB:1_a'r gzonm
RICI-LARQ 92 BSON.
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Dr. MAURIC -' EN 92
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I pet. mNA G%N-__' ' - 92JOHN KfiLLENS/
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The following are characterizations of individuals
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The July R, 1955, issue of the "Daily Worker" carried
an article datined Helsinki and captioned "world Peace Assem-bly Votes Appeal to world". The article reflected.?HBP,§£l?Eate5to the World Assembly for Peace from 68 lands unanimouslyappealed to the "Big Four" to reach an agreement. Theassembly also proposed that August 6th be recognized as aday of action for peace in remembrance of the dropping of _
the atomic bomb on Hiroshima. The Geneva agreement, end of
war in Indo-China, the Bandung Conference, Austrian Neutralityand the Belgrade Declaration were cited as fronts of awakening 01'
world opinion against force, military» bloc, the armaments
race and the "terrifying danger of atomic war". The articlestated that achievements of the committee were summed up byQhinese Vice Premier KUO MO-Jo, Chairman of China's Peacecommittee as z§oIlowg: Agreement for the need of
l. General reduction of armaments
2. Prohibition of nuclear weapons and more
extensive use of atomic energy for the purposes
of peaceful construction3, Peaceful co-existence of all countries of the
world .
4. National independence5. Normal economic and cultural exchanges on the
and_ __-_.___;- i ~. 4__ ..._.-_-__._-___ ---. _- ___ _ _,...-_ ._ _._...__.____._
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It will be noted that on April 6, 1960, the
FPCC ran an "ad'in the "New York T1m68", a daily New YorkCity newspaper, which was favorable to the present government
of Cuba and condemned certain United States news writers
and the United States press in general for not presentinga true picture of the Cuban revolution. .The -ad advised
that the committee was formed by Americans who wereinterested in seeing fair play with respect to the Cuban 92J!revolution. Among those listed as subscribers were the
following: .t A
RICHARD mason
wawo FRANK n
ROBERT ABERi KENNETI-1kY'NAN / smous n ssauvom/ TRUMAN 92cA1>o'rE e _
ROBERT JILLIAMS
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The April 18, 1960 issue of "Time" magazine,a weekly news magazine published in New York City, on page 37,
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carried an article captioned "Cuba" and subcaptioned"winning Friends". The article deals with the FPCC and 'reads as follows: L!
"For the intellectual, politician or celebrity,a tempting proposition this year is a trip to Fidel Castro'sCuba, where a visitor can see real revolution in action,while enjoying the uncrowded comforts of a winter resort.
The invitation usually comes from an overseas official
of Castro's July 26 movement, who arrives bearing a free,
first-class ticket on Cubana Airlines and free reservations
at such luxury hotels as the Habana Hilton. At rum-punchreceptions and over dinners of Morro crab, the friendly visitorsoaks up heady talk of revolution, sometimes from the K1!
"maximum leader" himself. s
"The Loud Praisers. Trips are arranged to schools,' hospitals and agricultural co-ops, or to beaches, cockfightsand nightclubs. All that the visitor need contribute is a little quotable praise of Cuba or criticism of the U,S, - K?!
and the kind of visitor selected is usually glad to oblige.
"Joe92Louis says there is no place in the worldexcept Cuba where the Negro can go in the wintertime with
absolutely no discrimination. Jack Paar who paid his
own way down! deplores the 'untruthful things I've read,
about what was happening in Cuba. This man Castro is
beloved by these people. Existentialist JeangPaul_§artre92 called the Cuban revolution.lthe.most"origInal,l;h8Ye.known
Iand dismissed the'U;S, as a lheadlegs nation. _
U"The Fair Players. All this sentiment ot a loud -
echo in Manhattan last week from something calle the FairPlay for Cuba Committee,' a group of 28 inclu g Sartre,
his friend Simone de Beauvoir, Novelists Norman Mailer and
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"Truman Capote who explained that my stepfather is Cuban!,
and British-born'New Yorker Drama Critic Kenneth Tynan Americans tend to judge a regime on the extent to which
it likes America!. In a seven-column, $4,725 ad in the
New York "Times", the Fair Players charged that the U.S.
press is deliberately distorting the news from Cuba. Item:press reports of Communism in the Castro government are
consistently used to create a smoke screen behind whichthe social objectives of the Cuban revolution can be K!
attacked and sabotaged.
,. "The nominal head of the committee was guthor_~Waldo "Am rican Hispana"Y}Frank, but the real organizer- was RobertiT¬ber, a Columbia Broadcasting System newsman, 5/,/,{
and one of a group of U,S, journalists who won gold medals / ,from Castro for getting through to interview him in his ;;;;Q_Sierra Maestra days. Frank has been a guest of Castro, and '
Taber of a Cuban publisher. Taber drew up the ad, and
Frank mailed it out to his many friends among the intellectual
set. They got enough names and money to pay the bill, but
a more impressive list could be made from those who ignored
the plea or pointedly turned it down. This group ranged
from Ernest Hemingway, Carl Sandburg and Jacques Maritain to
Eleanor Roosevelt and Luis Munoz Marin."
It will be noted that the article carries photo-graphs of KENNETH TYNAN, SIMONE DE BEAUVOIR, ROBERT TABOR, L!TRUMAN CAPOTE and JACKs£ghR who is not listed as a member
of the FPCC, but the c ents indicate that he is favorableV to the present government of Cuba. '
detailed memoran um concern ng e meeting held by the FPCCat the Community Church, New York City, on April 2h, 1960. K!
WALDO FRAN, one of the sponsors of the committee;' ,
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was the main speaker. The memorandum reads as follows:
"The meeting at the Community Church was well
attended with only a sprinkling of unoccupied seats. Iwould estimate that at capacity the church could seat about600 persons. The audience comprised a fair number ofSpanish speaking people£L;/, . 92u!.
"Mr.LPapandrew opened the meeting indicating "that its purpo e was to weigh the facts about Cuba andthe revolution and balance it so that the truth may be
known. For any objective observer it was obvious from
to be weighed but weighted to favor the Castro regime.the outset that the facts the truth were not going kg!
"Papandrew announced that the program would
include Charles Santos Buch, M.D, from Cuba and presentlyon the staff of the New York Hopsital and Mr. Ualdo Frank,author. when Frank was introduEEd five young Latins seated upfront on the left side of the auditorium facing the platform K!
stood up and prolonged the applause
,."Frank, in his late 60's, white-haired, balding andmustachioed, spoke softly and pedantically about the history
of Cuba and its relationship to thé United States. Hemaintained that the pattern of the U.S. policy toward Cubain the 19th century was that Cuba should not be independentbecause it might fall into the hands of England or France;that Cuba must be kept in the hands of Spain where it wouldbe ripe to fall into the lap of the United States. He citedThomas Jefferson on the importance of Cuba to the U.S., withthe implication that even at that time the U,S, coveted
the natural resources of Cuba. He said that Jefferson'sposition was that we must have the Floridas and Cuba. Hestated that John Quincy Adams called for the annexation of
is
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"of Cuba in 1823 and Henry Clay, Calhoun and Hebster all
felt too that Cuba was a fruit when ripe would fall to
the United States.
"In the implementation of this policy, Frankmaintained, the United States insured for Spain that itsrights in Cuba would be protected and refused to help Cubain times of rebellion. Frank indicated that many revolutionswere wiped out in Cuba because the U.S. would not allowany arms to the rebels while Spain was bringing in arms. 92_!
"Frank stated that in 1868 a war for independence
broke out in Cuba but the United States refused torecognize the insurgents. He characterized the periodbetween 1868 and 1898 as the '30 years war. In 1898, heinsisted, Spain was eager to sell Cuba to the United States
because this was the best way to protect her interests.Spain, he indicated, wanted to get out ofCuba but theUnited States wanted war. Through the trickery of
Theodore Roosevelt, then Secretary of State, Dewey wassent to the Phillipines to step in and conquer the Phillipines.He maintained th§¬the United States government did not -
want to support the Cuban revolutionary government inspite of Spain's readiness to capitulate and at the sametime that we refused to do business with Spain ne refusedto recognize the Cuban government and instead set up agovernment in Cuba favorable to the United States interests.He characterized U,S. policy toward Cuba as l0O years ofdeliberate, careful, dipolomatic action impeding the birth
of Cuba and finally military action impeding the political
birth of the country.
"Thus, Frank maintained that the drama of the
19th century vis-a-vis Cuba and the United States wasthat the United States impeded the birth of Cuba even ' 4
though Bolivar was ready to midwife! for 100 years.
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"Regarding the economic development of Cuba,Frank's thesis was that in the 1870's Britain 4
captured Havana and introduced slavery while the United
States introduced sugar factories. He quoted Sanchez and
Carleton Beals to the effect that in 1927 after the
United States had impeded the political birth of Cuba
for 100 years that it stole the victory of the thrrty years .
war and set up a Republic which achieved the factorization -of Cuba to an immense extent. ; L/!
Castro
by the
of the
80% of
States"Frank described the economy of Cuba before
as follows: 50% of the sugar output controlled
United States; 80% of public utilities in the hands
United States; less than 10% of the landlords owned
the land. All of this occured during the United
intervention under the theoretical Republic
in Cuba. You don't need actual suzerainty when you
have this kind of control. He maintained that the
miracle of Cuba is that the Cubans have
grown under this and proof of it is in the production of
such a great man like Marti. He stated that Marti is the
leader of the present Cuban revolution.
I!!
"Frank_spoke for about two hours. At about
5 p.m. he was still going strong. He characterized thepresent revolution as a birth. It is a misnomer to call
this revolution a renaissance or a rebirth, it is Just a
birth.
"He insisted that to anyone who knows Cuba the
description that it is Communistic is absurd and degrading
to answer. It is true, he asserted, that the Communists
are against 80% of ownership of Cuban land by a few and
against U,s. interests but if we insist that everything
that is being done and created in Cuba is Communistic the
people will learn to love the Cmmmunists. Frank, at
this point, stated h own opposistion to Communism. He
maintained that he opposes Communism on philosophic terms,
that the metamorphosis is bad and produces an unreal world
and also produces oppression. He attacked Communist logic
as bad producing power politics as witness Russia wherein
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exists a slave state.
" "Frank maintained that the Judeo-Christian religiousheritage of Cuba excludes the notion of Communism in Cuba.
Cuba holds the same ideals we do. He pointed to Spainto prove his assertion. It could not hold in Spain and
cannot in Cuba because it does not have the Hispanicnotion. Frank insisted that because the U,s, refusedto support the Spanish Loyalists they fellinto the handsof Russia and now the United Staes points to Spain and
hypocritically says, look? The same thing may happen
in Cuba the way the State Department is handling thingsl.V
"When he visited Cuba, Frank said he visitedcooperative farms where he saw the maribou uprooted andturned into a profitable business of charcoal. The lands 92J!
now are flourishing with rice and wheat. This a symbol.
As for the young people in Cuba, they have no beatnicks.
"He said he spent a great deal of time withCastro. He maintained that the difference between Castro and
Mussolini, Hitler and Franco is the way Castro visists
small towns unprotected. On the spur of the moment?
unnannounced Castro will make a visit and the faces
of'the people where he goes appears transfigured, likea revelation. -Fidel shouts, Frank said, but they all J
shout there. On the faces of the people he invariablyobserved presumably in addition to transfiguration and 9292/!
revelation! love and gratitude, trying to get as close
up to Fidel as possible.
"He insisted that this feeling of exhaltation of
the people is because it is a Cuban government, not Spanish,capitalist or gangster. At a baseball game he attendedthe people when they saw Castro whispered in awe and love
_ 22 -
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'Fidel..Fidel. He described a sort of religious or holy
silence and a communication between the people and Fidel
occurs. Frank maintained that Castro could be killedeveryday the way he goes about Cuba, God preserve him. "
This isn't the way dictators work. Applause from theaudience!. He characterized the leaders of the Castro regime
as youthful and it is wonderful. Armando Hartlookslike he should soon go to college. The president is 42.They are sure of a new world and are abolishing corruption.
They have faith and will. Woe betide the ungenerous
nations and groups and woe betide the United States if they
cannot achieve their aims and if we cannot say if you needexperts we will help you. ' L!
"Concerning the Fair Play for Cuba Committee,
Frank said they comprised people from different walksof life. He stated woe betide the liberals who would
not join the committee because they felt they had been
mistaken about the USSR. Woe betide them because what ishappening in Cuba is a birth of Hispanic genius that issaying you cannot live by bread alone but that you also
cannot live without bread. About five more young Latinsjoined the original five up front rising to applaud!. Atthis point there was a plate collection for the Committee. 92~!
"Question and Answer Period' _ V V -:
"The first questioner was summarily dismissed ,by Mr. Papandrew who refused to recognize him. Papandrewsaid that as the moderator he reserved the right and decidedthat the only questions that will be answere__would be 92J!
written ones sent from the floor.
"Question: If Castro's government is so good why have some
of his original sup9°PteP5 tured against him? '
Applause in the audience!.
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There are always individuals who are dispapointed
and disgruntled who can't take the trial 6T'such
times. But this is a very small minority, Most
realize it is not as rosy as they expected but
carry on. r"Frank:
"Question: Did the United States bomb Havanag
"Frank: The probability is that certain disgruntled
groups with possible collusion of very inferior
authorities in the U.S, airfields knew somehting
about it. But I don't believe the U.S. sovérhment
had anything to with anymore than the U,S, engineered
the blow up of the ship. The State Departmet
just doesn't work this way.
"Question: why is freedom of expression not allowed at this
meeting? Why no questions from the floor?
"Papandrew: I am the chairman and have ruled that only
written questions will be answered. The
questioner indicated that this was a departure
from the usual routine of the Church meetings!.
"Question: what can the Fair Play for Cuba Committee do
aside from ads and talking to communtiy and schoolgroups? "
"Frank: I am sure that Mr. Taber could answer this. Dr.
Taber was called for but finally presumed by Frank
not present!. "Perhaps then Dr. Buch can answer?"Buch: In essence Buch asked for mutual understand for sic! /!Cuba, weekly or bi-weekly reports on the Cuban '
revolution, generous support of the Committee's work!
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"Question: what part does the Catholic Church play n the
. revolution? .
"Frank: I don't quite know. As far as the extent of theChurch's remarks on the revolution have been-1; concerxad they have been loyal and favorable.
"Question: when will they have free elections in Cuba?
The revolutionary government has been in over ayear. If they had an election they would getover 90% of the vote. But they're so busy; theyhonestly dont need this manifestation of support.All their energies and time necessary to implement anelection is Just not available They are just toobusy. Some audible snikers in the audiense!."Frank:
"Question: why does Castro use military trials instead
of courts of law?
I don't think that this is so. Violence begetsviolence but I do not see any evidence of anyonebeing-killed without trials. I am not defending-violence but violence breeds violence!, Answer
unclear!."Frank:
"Question: what is happening to the counter reveolutionariesin Oriente Province? _
"Frank: I don't know. You can learn about this in the
committees future newsletters. .
"At about 5:50 p.m. question and answer periodwas ended and Papandrew introduced Colonel ?! Chester
serve in the Inter American organization of American States ?!' 92i1quazo ?! of the Nicaraguan Revolutionary movement who kJ/
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"He thanked Papandrew for having invited him and his people.
He felt that every one should be interested inwhat ishappening in South America and Central America. He chastized
the United States for its silence on the killings of innocentpeople by dictators. He received the loudest ovation of the
day ,/"Papandrew then introduced Qg,.Engrique92Sanchez from
the Dominican Republic ?!. He gave a very long, dreary,almost unintelligble sermon on Pan Americanism. Dr. Buch ,/" interpreted for him. '
"Panandrew then mercifully!! introduced someone
named Rivera ?! from San Salvador a former lecturer at
St. John's University who gave another monotoned
talk but shorter on the ideals of the revolution. In
1952 in was Bolivia and the latest is Cuba.
"literature was at the desk at the entrance to
the meeting and distributed by two Spanish speaking men
outside of the Church.
I»A,_.-~ _ __'. '
The May 8, 1950 issue of the "Revolucion", *
a daily Spanish language newspaper published in Havana,Cuba, carried a full page picture_story captioned "Conversation vOn The Lagoon". The story depicts<~a__visit of SII»-ZONEIDEBEAIIVOIR and her husband JEAN-PAULYARTRE v1e1t1ns"C_ub.a. UThe six photographs show BEAUVOIR a d SARTRE in the company
of Cuban Premier FIDEL CASTRO visiting various places in
Cuba.
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III. AFFII
- l . ' TrE£;%:¬i§_ id.EIATIQN QF ROBERT FRANKL ' A . I ' INWILLA mm
sun PLAY son cum comm
The April 6, 1960, edition of the "New York Times",8 d¬113'New York City newspaper carried a full page advertisement
captioned, "What Is Really Happening In Cuba?P This article
maintained that.the United States Press has made certain charges
against Cuba which are not true and the Fair Flay for Cuba» ;Comittee was organized to tell the truth about Cuba in the
interest of fair play. Among those listed as members of_the'
Committee was ROBERT F. WILLIAMS.
0
An article appearing in The Crusader , IssueNumber Q2, Volume I, dated April l6, l96O,'stated that a "Fair 4Play for Cuba Committee" had been formed in New York City and that '
the Committee hopes to shed some light of truth on the Cuban affair
and to urge Americans to give the Cuban Revolution an impartialhearing. The article directed persons desiring information aboutCuba or the Committee should write to The Fair Play..for CubaCommittee, Box92T-2&9, Times, New York, Néw Y6rkI The article
I 92 0.- - advised that e membergmof The Fair Play for Cuba Committee are:
; 92a wA1bv;-1;s;-gg1<. C.h.a.ir!1na .;cmnET<m-.-Belts. -Q.<z':<.>11a1man. A9 JANS BAED N, SING BEAUVOIR, FRANK LOND CWN, TRUMANGQPoTE,
Joan-2<:U.LEn's', sI1>ms:z$.k,2ns,I NORMAN$_!AILER, mm -HAXFIELD, ELVA.
' ' The June 11, 1960,
an article stating that WILLIAMS'6
-§
1i and left Monroe, North Carolin,t= New York City and contemplated a'1
' ' The June 18, 1960,
an article stating that WILLIAMS
1; JOHN mm: x mam, tgaor. ~R_OBERT a7-'-aoLo1>mr, RIC aejsissou, ' 92 ' DR. I~IAURICEG-BEEN, E mamas-mums", nsvsnsnn no _ RRINGTON,
I DE 1?uz7rm'm:sws, armor. EU Ensfyosne; ms.-vmasma JOHNRTAPANDREW,*9 JAMES-PERp_Y, JOSEPFQBI ANA, ALA GNER, JEAN PAUf:SARTRE,.j.;{= JOH§¥~=.INGLEI'0N, R0_BER__,,_ BER, c-. A. srow, KEIi'§92IET§<1l'Y1921AN.=f . _ .pAs%<E:F'IELn, SID192 E§£92-§r!¬INSTEIN. ' '
92 ~~-~ /92 . --/
issue of "The Crusader" contained
was desirous of visiting Cuba
Thursday night, June 9, 1960, f0r
plane trip to Cuba. -
issue of "The Crusader" contained
ad called Monroe, North Carolina,
from.Havana, Cuba, on June 13, 1960, and stated, "I wish everyAmerican Negro could visit Cuba and see what it really means to
be treated as a first-class citizen.
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s%$§§%§Receive? by Crime Records Divishm ' .
' _92'_ '._ __ Senate Internal SesuFuR REhEASE IN A s or MONDAY, JULY , 1963» JFROM THE SENATE WATERNAL SECURITY SUBCOMMITTmE t
WASHINGTON, D. C.-A list of 97 United States citizens who
traveled to Cuba by the way of Mexico during a sixmonth period
in 1962 was furnished by Rep. William C. Cramer R-Fla.! to the
Senate.Internal Security Subcommittee in a transcript released
today by Chairman James O. Eastland D-Miss.!. _
t of names,.Rep. Cramer did not say where he got the lis
other than that they were copied from manifests of Cubana Airlines,
which schedules regular flights between Mexico City and Havana. A
One of the persons on the list, Mrs. Helen Maxine Levi
Travis, was indicted in Los Angeles June 26 for making two illegal
trips last year to Communist Cuba. Rep. Cramer's list has Mrs.
1 and August 31, 1962.Travis traveling to Cuba on February
secuted forWilliam Worthy, a Negro reporter, previously was proat
illegal travel to Cuba.! . "
A group of about 59 American students arrived in Havana
June 30, despite State Department warnings of possible PFi5°n
sentences and $5,000 fines. They traveled by the way of Prague,
Czechoslovakia.! ' ~
In his appearance before the Subcommittee, Rep. Cramer
said that persons traveling to Cuba without authority should be
prosecuted. e furnished a copy of a bill he has introduced
tightening restrictions on illegal travel and another bill
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"Not only do these people travel to Cuba illegally,
Rep. Cramer said,_"but upon returning to this country openly
advertise the fact that they have been there." He inserted into
the record several notices from the Worker, official Communist
newspaper, telling of programs to be presented by persons
returned from Cuba. "_
Subject of one of the notices was V. T. Lee, national head
of the Fair Play for Cuba Committee, who reportedly traveled to
Cuba in December 1962 as a free>lance reporter for Radio Station
WBAI, New York City. Passports valid for travel to Cuba are still
issued to newsmen, businessmen with interests pre-dating the92 .
with other legitimate interests. Castro regime. and persons
' has information from a reliable source_ Rep. Cramer said he
- that Cuban Communists have infiltrated into the United States
-0
-!through Puerto Rico. "The figure that has been quoted to me is
? that in excess of 1,000 people have_come through this route into
is the United States as Puerto Rican citizens," he said.
. ' . . 4'/I . .He also warned of the danger of a Communist take-over in
Haiti, and recommended that such a trend be countered by aid,
. 92
particularly public works funds, conditioned on President Duvalier -,_E.stepping down and holding free elections. ' ' . _ R _ if
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The February 5, 1964 edition of the "New York
Journal American" contained an article on page 11, cap-
tioned, "Cuba Fair Play Chiefs Face US Action," which
stated that plans to prosecute some hard-core leaders of
the defunct FPCC were before the United states Department
of Justice. The article stated that aftsr LEE HARVEY OSWALD
was found to be a member, the committee disbanded and has
made no effort to reconstitute itself under anot er name.
Prosecution of FPQC extgggicials would center iefly aroundthree men, namely, ROBERT BRU gggg, RICHA GIBSON, and ;vmczm THEODORE LEE p/ .
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The February 6, 196k edition of the "New YorkDaily News" contained an article on page 5, captioned,"Cuban Fair Play Group Renamed and,Ba¢k in Biz, whichstated that the FPCC, which ostensibly fell to pieces, is
again doing business under the name of Friends of Latin
America, according to high intelligence sources of the
News. According to the article, ue new group is making
grandiose plans to pour money and support into such
trouble spots as the Canal Zone and Venezuela. Thearticle stated that the leaders may find that they stubbed htheir toes over the Foreign Agents Re8iBtPat1°n Aft» 1na8mu°as its top brass have not registered, and the Justice Depart-
ment has been studying possible prosecution of the old FPCC
leaders, namely ROBERT TABER, RICHARD GIBSON and VINCENTTHQDQRE LEE, The article added that LEE has been busily dconferring with his old Fair Play associates, and that wor
had gone out to various chapters throughout the country,
which had also closed down after the assassination, giving
them the newzname and new procedures. They are expectedto ureggnsgitgté ggemelves -- unless the government moves
in on e ea ers p.
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l The April 1, 196% edition of the "New York Post"
contained an article captioned "FAR RIGHT & FAR LEFT,"
which stated as follows:
"THE FAIR PLAY for Cuba Committee lived hubly
and died ignobly. which is to say that it was almost a
perfect study of extreme left-wing politics in contem-
porary America.
"Barely three years after its founding, the
committee's funds had been spent without too many traces,
its leaders had abdicated and were living in self-imposed
exile, and its membership, once in the thousands, haddisappeared. In its death throes, the Fair Play for Cuba
committee left one final footnote for history: a member
named Lee Harvey Oswald.
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'2»'¢"Y W92 cm 0 NTIAL
1953."'We were sorry to learn of the decision of your
committee to discontinue its operations as of the end of"Dear Ted, V
"'May we take this opportunity to thank you foryour wonderful cooperation in solicitating your organiza-tion to contribute funds aggregating well over $5,000 in
disaster relief.
necessary
wonder if
of it for
Relief to"'As we plan to continue our work for as long as
to alleviate the effects of Hurricane Flora, weyou could let us have your mailing list or a copy
further use in our humanitarian endeavor.
"Gluck organized Emergency Committee for Disaster
Cuba on Oct. 18, 1963, one week after HurricanceFlora struck the Carribean. Since then the group has sentmore than $30,000 worth of medicines and medical suppliesto Cuba, and.says it plans to send at least $10,000 more.
"Gluck denies any association with Fair Play apartfrom the $5,000 solicited by Lee in the winter of 1963. Hedescribes his organization as 'humanitarian' and draws noconclusions from the presence of former Fair Play officials _
on the Emergency committee.
"Gluck, accused in Congressional testimony ofbeing a Communist Party organizer in Brooklyn, says of hisorganization: There is a thin line between humanitarianismand politics that everyone is aware of. We're not afraid toquestion what is our government's policy vis-a-vis Cuba.
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1:2 97-1792
'I~ * . -E
"WHAT WAS THIS ORGANIZATION THAT GLUCK appealed to? who
created it? What killed it?
_ "Fair Play was born at the beginning of the 1960s.
After a decade of debilitation, a new left wing was startingto emerge in America. It had as an adversary a militantright. But it also had going with it a new questioningspirit, a spirit that was responsible for a new wave of
social criticism in the country.
Fair Play was born on a cold January night in1960 when three men met in an inconspicuous Cuban restaurant
on Manhattan's west Side. They were:
"Alan sagner, a Livingston, N.J., builder who had
read an article in The Nation several days before whichreinforced Sagner's belief that much of the U. S. press wasdeliberately vilifying Castro. He contacted the man who
wrote the proCastro article.
"Robert Taber, the author of the article, was a
CBS reporter who became a staunch Castro supporter whilegovering Eh? gubgn revglutign in £23 late '50:. Taber hadeen conv c e o arme ro ery nap ng an au o arcenyin 1939 and spent three years in an Ohio Prison before being
paroled. {I I _ i¬;L;. "Dr. Charles A.§anto§§uch, then a Cuban su.p- I-/6'porter of Castro, was a patmologi t at New York Hospital. ;//
Hetwgg as??? to come totghecmeting by Taber, gho gadtfirgtch*