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SUB-JECI: SENATCB JOSEPH R. MC CARTHY
HISCEL.LA.RECUS, IHFCHMATION CONCERNING
telephoned
infornntion from
several months agoby radiated wat rand that the Senators withe plot. Queen 1'u.rt92her that anon; those to whcn she 1
told this s 1-y was nator I-IILLI.AH;1f.1IiGBR of on the Hz
occasion of her lun th the to "t t ' chvi
alsoIn
1/
m,
wed
, KY0»
was beine slowly poisoned
re JEAN was involved in
Sena r, a he Senate Dining
Room, on with then wa her lo tinefriend b, MC. sa1d
further approxima e y 3 years
;éha*-'ing net him in on behalf oi General
DCUGIAS MAC ARTHURs candidacy for the Presidency. This acquaintance
was renewed during l956 because of lutual interests in the matter of
'fluo1-idation of the NYC water supply. She was now reporting this e
dden to the Bureau because of Senator MC C.A.R'I'I!'s su
on 5/2/5?. The files of the are reflect that
subject of a sedition case from 193-+2 to 19149,
was prominent in organizations which were prothe
She
tic
and -anti British during Herld Her II and made speeches critical of
President ROO6E'VE'LT. During 19149 she was
1; an
oontelphated by this office.
_-
EB-Ll
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koved:/U S| In f!§;:;¥T_T.-11 -
' 1 Agent an Chorqe¢
___,", _e:ll Sent _l._i_- M PETthehepatitis
alleged to
have made statements critical of Goverment actions duritg World Var II
rellicel end. *=
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I TTYOZ5 PT
; FJ PROOKLYN NY MAY 6 1
{/éDCAT HOCVEQ
FEDERAL ?i?EA" CF INVESTIGATION %
iq YE UCYLD FE PLEA ED TO RECEIVE SPECIAL DELIVERY TRI?lWE TU
. SZYATC HCCARTHY WEDNESDAY HDRNING22PHE
DEADLINE
PAT ICV F SCQHLAN THE TABLET 1 HANSON PL DROOKLYF NY
I
921 / _ K@; 9/ ,1 ____
n01 Rl2¢°"'°':°
102 mm /3 1957
I IKITI§LZ CK ORIGINAL _ _ T._1n|-
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_--nI'
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'1'dg.Rbo1n__._-s
Mr. Ho'!1omlI1_---
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I
EDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
U. SO DEPARTMENT OF !usT|c; ¢__oumumcmons sect ' '
J
/ MAY 7 1957
,/
TELETYPE
URGENT 5-1-57 - M JFI
TD sac, nsw vonx 1
raor nzrzcron 2? x
PLEASE DELIVER THE FOLLOWING-
nn, PATRICK F, SCANLANI
nnnncxnc znxron
THE TABLET
NE HANSON PLACE
BROOKLYN srvzwrzzn, uzw YORK
IN n£sPoNs£ we voun TELEGIAH 1 an PLEASED T0 suanrr was
THE FOLLOUING- QUOTE SORROU OVER THE PASSING OF A FRIEND
IS HEIGHTENED UHEN SUCH A HAN HAS A MISSION AND IS
CALLED HOME FROM HIS EABTHLY ?U!SUlTSi SUCH A HAN HAS
r Q
THE LATE szwaron JOSEPH n, nc CAATHY, HIS rnrnrorrsn, HIS COUIAGE
ANDHIS PASSION TOR THE AMERICAN HAY CANNOT IE DOUBTED, IT
WAS INEVITABLE THAT HE SHOULD BECOME THE CENTER OF
CONTROVERSY BECAUSE OF HIS HISSION AND THE ZEAL UITH
WHICH HE PURSUED IT,
END PACE ONE
r-92/A *;;§7 <92,
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TECOICCIQQO
MAY Hlb SOUL !EPOS£ IN PEALE, uwauorz
SINCEPLLY vouns,
JCHN EDGAF HOOVER
DIRECTOR
FEDEPAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
PHI AND ACK
WA R 1 NY IN
TU SIAM XX DI&C
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tagen by M;sen. ai_§ acv;sed
on E/5/ET received a
, identity not diTICNo CONCERNING DEATH .~jLLANE,OTl.5 1:1-,CL.--.SSIEIED
an agent
telep
sclosed by
believe the alleged account
curate and that the disease
Bethesda Naval Hosbital co
suenected that someone may
enic and demanded
other t n d1ssatsfaction
aizclnit, 1*ateQ
3ene?'1 s o "; cl e .L
&A.J-L1-.d 1 Q
ction and "
n for an
., n. -har,iano.het1";3.
CTZCIK3113
with t
that he cone
tate of H1300
was told
" in Niscons
tatedhad n19 7?
Appleton,
of this office on 5/13/ET
hone call from a New York
- who stated that
of the Senator's death
referred to as the cause
uld not have caused death
have been giving the
utopsy be performed.
0 basis for the allega-
he published medical
ulted the Attorney
nsin to determine his
that there was no
in, since the death
that he so informed
nfcrmetion of the Bureau. No further action being
iwaukee Division.
' rt, ~wLJq',_. -¢.~4-A-~"-_-i
3 Bureau
TJ _ Air Mail! /K fMilwaukee T66-922-659! %,i '-._.-.
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@3119?-INew _Y_0rlc 52, blew Y_'_.>rk _y
Dead 'j
In Mr. Hoover: absence from Waahingtm,
I am acknowledging your leer postmarked May 10, 1957,
with enclosure.
Although he will appreciate the Interest
prompting your writing, he would be unable to answer your
inquiry. I am sure you will understand the reasons for such
a policy on his part.
Sincerely yours,
NOTE: C0rrespondent's enclosureiwas a stamped,Helen W. Gandy
Secretary
addressed envelope which is being utilized in reply.
A E
510 4
oommmau '6i"" *3
ntm 195? V
MAILED 18self-
C3'&-...1-_92,
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TRUE COPY
I 1:'t¢;
Bronx New York
5/8/57
J Edgar Hoover
F. B_I.
Washington D.C.
Dear Sir:
I hope you will be able to straighten out
something for me as it is afiecting my relations with my
family 8; friends. I know oi no one else who can give
me a straightforward truthful answer.
Was Senator McCarthy guilty of ruining
the lives of thousands of people? Some say he was a terrible
character others set him up as a patriot 8.». I think you are
the only one who is honest enough to give a truthiul answer.
I am enclosing a self-addressed envelope so as not be be an
extra expense to your office. The truth concerning Jos
McCarthy will be greatly appreciated & I hope you will
be able to give me the answer.
Respectfully yours
/s/ *7
I7Bronx N. 1 .
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Oité A/[6772 W72 - UNITED ovsmmsur
TO = MR. TOLSON DATE: August 6, 1957
- ' Tolson ___?
A NlChDl5 ___= L- 1?-_f{f?_H°k§a Y A a*§Z§;i 2Z""1..j.'i'.
~ . pm;'"';fSUBJ-urwr. l T nuiru ___.D - /
,_ Tomm ..= t , Trotteri:' ...,' - '- I i NooseMrs. Jear/6Carthy, widow of the late S8l']2.t C§I'thl_|___ T=1=i <==-"
called 8-5-57. She had just received word from the County udge at 't';§i]§,'-m_rl__ff
Appleton, Wisconsin, where the Senator's will wa eing probated that hehad received a telephone call from
San Francisco, telephone Mission claims that she is
the daughter of the late Senator McCarthy and was b__t'_!I_I192,__C!_I1_1_92_l_11l.lSt*Q4 1933 the
Sena" tor would then have been 25 years of age!.
The fudge told her that he was writin to the Chief of Police inSan Francisco requesting that he check int: background as she
sounded like a crackpot. The judge also as e ean knew of anything concerning
this. Jean stated that there was absolutely no truth to this as the Senator had told
her everything and that it just was not possible for this woman to be the Sena"tor's
daughterl She further stated that during May, June, and July this woman called
' ' ' '1 d t t d ck t Je wondered if we could the omce almost dai an was rea e as a cra po . ancheck on #1 told her that we could not although 1 did check our
files and foun no record.
92 ' I F-___ 1'f';¢.J fft _,. / J
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cc-Mr: Holloman
:a*i" "<-»~ .92 éaaaaw9292®¬92~® i 6 rqqs 71951
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mm; as, 1958
.~./ ¢=- ' '/If 7.7 u 7 PERSONAL
Chicago 26, _
Your letter of March 20, 1958, has been
received, and your generous remarks concerning "Masters of
Deceit" are appreciated.
In reagwonse to your inquiry, the late
Honorable Joseph R. McCarthy was indeed an aggressive and
dynamic indTiTiHuiI F50 msemmany friends during his years of
devoted service to his country, both in the Armed Forces and
in the Senate.
Sincerely yours, ___,e_ ~
in E5881 Hvver ,,._ I
L.-_
, _ i-QMAJLED4 é- Q
H _ Fff-ii? '1 92 ' $4
y Q
NOTE. is nnt identiable in Bufiles on the basis ofdata available..!
Q* 12. t., 1_'-1, L-_ ----._ .. t92921-v-urn any-man -'92-r in 1-92 n I rIt lb Ub11t:,'92r'Uu the auuvt: L;UlUIUt:.'1lt5 icgfdulg '|'.: 1c: lain: SGHEIOI }v'.':CC¢iIth:y' Cd.
be furnished without placing the Director in a controversial position.-
J.
L-
L
'EY5:1aj;;m_ X Senator McCarthy &l_ was , a close friend of the FBI's and the Director's.
Eel1'r.':r,' i__
Mchr bi
N905? ___.___..__..
PCHSJVZS s__.¬.__
Raiser; ;
Tczrrn _,i
Trotter n
Clayton i
Tie. Room _
H TIT: -ca, - noon ../?958c%
Fm.-. T
FIZZ. T :.'f"'.'1
1'. *~ ', .,
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26 I11.
' Marc 20 1958
7,7 /
Mr. J. Edpar Hoover
Federal Bureau of Investigation
Washington, D. C.
D a Hr. Hoover;
I purchased and have just finished reading your
book RAFT??? O? DEC?IT. It is certainly a splendid book and I
plan to pass it around am.Img several friends and get them to
read it too.
There is one question that I have long wanted to ,*
ask yov and that is - What did you think of Qoe'McCart§y9 I,
l personally, thought he did a wonderful job of exposing the
i communist although perhaps not as diplomatically as he might have
r years I ieitied for you to come to his aid but, as farbut fo
as I know, yc_ never expressed a view one nay or another.
4Q!I
I
"C/'6 5311 -_/=/4,
I8 MAR 26 1958
is tr!-i
y-u. 92,7 ,, ,L, I/if 5 fr .- 6/,2 "if t H ...rrs .-_ woo b_ ' -It
R6, X3 _ _ mu-en 2'1, 1958p ' ' I »1
- /* .~ 1»
1 ;%
0 y sary onven
48 Moshe: Street
Holyoke, MassachusettsW
My dear Sister:
Your letter of larch 31, 1958, has been received.
The late Senator Joseph McCarthy was a. dynamic,
aggressive individual who made many friends during his devoted
service to his country, both tn the military torces and the United
States Senate.
Btncerely yours,
I,;_d8g__a°°!e£ "T1
John Edgar Hoover CL»
Dtrector ;__,=
I- 3-
1
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NOTE: Correspondent requests the Director's personal opinion of the late
Senator McCarthy for use tn her study to obtain a Hasters Degree. She
ts not identiable in Bufiles.
.> "~°
Tolscr. o '92
Bcqrirrfzr; i
B9ln.:r'.'.
Mohr
Neclse heIF-jcrsans in -V W;-',., -user. 4*; _
T _ - I5-§e§;_~5@R 4 1958 -MAR§_119ss
T619. R. cr:b70
C
O
P
Holy Rosary Convent Y
48 Masher St.
Eolyoke, Mass.,
March 21, 1958-
tederal Pureew of Investieation,
'~"'&S1".irg"tF1"., Q. C.
TT. J. Edgar Hoover,
Te"? Cir;
In the process of oomnleting a thesis,
eztitled, "LcCarthy and Comrunism, in order to obtain a
;2ster'S legree, 1 an begrirg your kind assistance.
If rossitle, Jr. Hoover, would you allow me
tc have and use vcur perscral opinion of Senator IoCart}y?
I realire the tremendous problems that demand
vourdattenticn each day, and hesitate to disturb vou. However, I
, a: hofirg against hove that you will overlook the insignificance
of tte Favcr I ask, and aid me in my problem that seems gigantic
t et the fofent.
_ Sincerelv and gratefully
Yours
av,"3 ;;_
Okrl I
C
C
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IE? TY 71 -_---' -.lI'T..1. '-J., V._,|, . .__
T. ';:'.i l'l__-
Mr. J. Edgar Hoover, Qn _
Director,' F.-:3T'l__.t
.; :;';.'Y-___
Washington, D. C. WMr. I--1! ill I T
3.21-. r-1 1-April Z2, 1953. 1-ir. T '.L< |"
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=____.._._.........i--3
Dear Mr. Hoover:
I Congratulations on your excellent book, which I am reading.
Mr. Hoover, may I ask you, isn't some of this valuable
information on Communist tactics exactly what Senator McCarth was rob Y P 111%
for? Didn't he ask but one question? "Who promoted the traitor Peress?"
Mr. Hoover, may I ask you a question?
, Why didn't you publicly support that man in that dreadful hour
1 oi need, i.e. Senator McCarthy!?
I Isn't this fine book just "too little, too late?" The people have
known of the treachery but we have been leaderless and powerless to know how
to cope with the enemies in our midst. One such book or public word from you
might have done so much.
, Is it really too late to combat public apathy, defeat and fear, or
.r am I wrong?
I would so much welcome your comment, as the author of a good
Ibook.
Respectfully,
/Si 92~-1.:
Sacramento,
California.
%__ .-
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I I
tfuqpnnlrn ruin 9!_ I4
Oléli A/I677. 7.772 - UNITE GOVERNMENT
<4T0 Mn Nease DATE: May 1, 1958
Tbllcn _,__,i
Boardmur .2FROM ; BnllnontM s, M, ___Noose ____i
PGIIOHI ._____
, _ Flnltn Lst njatr. Tmm
Trotter i
Clayton i
SACRAMENTO RNIA 1"-1» M»-= e
I-lollomcm mi
G4-mdy i
Reference is made to the attached letter from the above-captioned
individual dated April 22, 1958. ongratulated the Director on his
book, "Masters of Deceit," but then asked whether this book isn't "too little, too
late," in that the Director did not publicly support Senator McCarthy when the latter
was investigating communism. She seems to feel that the Nation has been leaderless
and powerless to cope with the communist menace and that Senator McCarthy failed
to achieve support in his fight against communism. d'Why tldrft you publicly support
that man in that dreadful hour of need, i. e. S_en_ator,McCart_l}!Q?"
, .
-15 not identifiable in Btffilgs,
It is felt that-letter should not be acknowledged. Apparently,
she has very definite opinions concerning Senator McCarthy and any letter to her
might be misused for her selfish purposes. Her letter indicates that she is not
so much interested in the Director's book as trying to find out Mr. Hoover's position
concerning McCarthy. Moreover, she accuses the Director of "letting McCarthy
down. "
RECOMMENDATION: , W 7 7
That_ letter not be acknowledged.
Enclosure§ tee Hi-:12--/F IM I5 rm :5 lgfc
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InS'lNDARD VD! PK: $1
Oice M6 M772 - UNITED Govsanmsmr
TO . MR, 'r0Ls0N DATE: July 17, 1958
FROM
cu-vn|1:|r*'r'.
BL DJIDBI s
92
which appears lll the August, 1958, issue of the Esquire Magazine. Allegedly
it asks the questions as to how he spent his last days and how he felt
walking alone in the corridors of Congress and it poses the question
as to whether he drank himself to death "listed that theadvertisement is extremely vicious He 5236! that it is writt b . en y
' an individual by the name of Richarclljovere who was iormerly with
e Reporter Magagine and had connections with th d for the Republic.
' Likewise, there is a...i.'.'I'.'I i.._!.:'-.'.'..a _..w1u92.,u in CALI? vicious.
A 8 +1-tti some ir. on on Revere ted 11 were wasl anyt ould furnish him regarding either of these individuals.
I am having a copy of the "New York Times" secured a.nd
also a copy of Esquire Magazine for August, 1958, which is supposedly'on the newsstands today,and I am having a check made to see whatI inf ' ' 'ormation we might have on Rovers Schmidt, alter which it wi he decided what if an ' , y, we can furmsh _
ADDENDUM: GAl92_T;ejp, 1-1,7-58: Attached hereto9292 1 _ M1-_ Belmont are the two items referred to above regarding
1_ ML Jones former Senator McCarthy. ;$G,,.H- _ P125; 35]. J; I H'-»I is-. i rt/57+em 92/ "'3? ** 1 * its 9292
92Enc1osu_l't9_sV E! h E./' 0-1/U kE ' "...,, i A .*.{:J}/Vi! -~ ~" mm D /" I"2 iiiZz%_G. A. NEASE - »-i , , :22;-i
' » _' en 9'11l'-"i,
. ' 'r.1=for:sIF called today. He stated that on Hollomcm ._%page 54C of the ew York Times" there is a 7-column full length WW
adveisernent. It is advertising an article on former Senator ivicCarthy' I
1
xvi-r. Nease July lb, 1955
Li. 1. J~.!.w¬::>
HAHVrlY SCHMIDT;
ltICl"iAR.D H. RUVERE
IN I"OltM A TION C ONC ERNTNG
sy1w1»s1~.-¢ll KL. Or. 7-lT: advised that the "New York Timec,
P that date, carried an adver semen concerning an article entitled "The Last Days-
oi Joe incC artny" appearing in current issue oi "Esquire" magazine. This article,
written by hicnard H. hovere, according toiwas very vicious, allegedly
asaing questions as to how McCarthy spent his last days, how he ielt walking alom
in the corridors oi Cong ress and poses the question whether he dram: himseli to
deaui. The advertisement carried a picture which is in the magazine! by HarveyScrnuicit oi _<l"Cartny whicnelso characterized as vicious. Article is highly
CIlLlL3tl oi .*.'icC arthy, saying he was master demagogue but one without true iaith ii.
his mission. Article asserts that alter President's heart attack 955! McCarthy
said he lJ1Ough; that either J. Edgar Hoover or Herman *-Neliter would make a good
hei 4011-can candidate. Harvey Sct. nidt not identifiable in Buiiles. Revere born
1.-no in New Jerseg; graduate oi Culurnbia University; Associate Lditor oi New
i92r'l3§58:, lain:--123.-. Assistant Editor oi "Tne Nation," 1940-1943; Stall Writer lo;
ifl
l
l May, 195;, issue oi "Harper's." Article is an attack against use oi inior.-nants and I
discusses Harvey .*. .atus0-". Article iuli of false statements and inierences. he;:i;ns
Di article Gl5.IiD92it8d by Fund ior the Republic. Revere mentioned by Fulton Le"-sis, Q.
in radio programs and newspaper article. Copy oi Rovere's article in "l:.squire" and
'11 Yora Times advertisement attached. - S
ELIYSE-e;:.,.'.' ____ / F! / 3/;T;:;:1scommsnnAr1on: l +~/-"-=/-gag VH335;-ns if 7 iiiin avr. 7,- -' f
"_3i-Teei * , ' For iniormation. 171» Am " Q58 :
". .!e. , _
"iu'_-'t:r: 4 "-e;t' -i a ._.i*._%=
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Jarit 51¢
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Vi:- l:."f AILS
Pf~.'l_1,1§_Ii*LJ_Y*' P .
7 You will recall th called you on July i ,
.959, saying that the "New York Times ' on date carried an advertisement
Concerning an article entitled "The Last Days of Joe McCarthy ' which appears in
the current issue oi Esquire" magazine. This article, Written by Richard Rovers
according to Lewis was very vicious, allegedly asking questions as to how bicCart'n_
spent his last days, how he felt walking alone in the corridors of Congress and pose.
the question whether he drank himself to death. The advertisement carried a pictui
which is also in the magazine! by Harvey Schmidt of McCarthy which Lewis alsocharacterized as vicious. Pstated he had some information on Rovere and
wondered if there was anyt ing else the Bureau could furnish him regarding either
of these individuals. The Director commented: "Let me see summaries on Rovers
:--.»-? |.',-L...- laid 'H-HU DLIIIUIUL.
It is noted that the article by Rovere copy attached! is highly critical
of McCarthy, asserting that after he was censured by the United States Senate he
never was the same again. He is characterized as a master demagogue, but one
without true faith in his mission. "McCarthy was a demon, but he was not, to our
great good fortune, a man possessed by demons. His talents as a demagogue were
great, but he lacked the most necessary and awesome of demagogic gifts - a beliei
in the sacredness oi his own mission. ' He was chiey interested in hiinseii - the
,,"loiy drive. " Hence, he could .iot survive his setbacks. It is to be noted that the
auinor states that after the President's heart attack in 1955, "McCarthy said he
thought it would be 'l1Ilk.i.Ild' to ask the President to run again; he said he thought
that either J. Edgar Hoover or Herman Walker would make a good Republican ca.n;li
date."
oars, IN gsoriuzs;
Harvey Schmidt
This individual could not be identified in Bureau files or in available
sources in the Bureau library.
Richard H. Rovere
Thn "|ORQ_1ORO AAi§{l92In IN ' n92f92' mm an In-uawlirl ' n92r92u92I'&§I-92|.-92 I-ufru-92n-92-r ..ll-1: LiI92JU"J.~I'92lU =92J..I.92-IKII-I 92Jl. ll92, IIHU ll l"l-LUCA 92-vi 92192!ll92-it-tub lH.192J1l-14¢-v
tion concerning Richard Halworth Rovers. This reects that Rovere is a writer an-,
editor who was born in Jersey City, New Jersey on Hay 5, 1915. He received an
A. B. degree at Columbia University in 1937. "Who's Who" also shows that Rovers
was Associate Editor of "New Masses" in 1938-i939; Assistant Editor of "The Natio
in 1949-1943, and Editor of Common Sense" in 1948-i944. He has been a Staff
Writer for "The New Yorker" since 1944 and has been U. S. Correspondent for
"Spectator" of London and a Contributing Editor for "Harper's ' magazine in i949-
i954. He is the aumor of cooks and numerous articles.
.. 2 -
I V
Jones to Nease memorandum
The February 15, 1938, issue of "New Masses contains an article
by Hovere captioned A Biography oi Jesus. 1-91612-iii.! "New Masses" ot
Adgust 16, 193s, carries an article by Richard H. Rovere entitled The World
Youtn Jongress. '
"The Guild Progressive" of May 15, 1940, a publication of the
Independent Progressive Members of the Newspaper Guild of New York City, con-
tained an article by Richard H. Revere entitled "X Masses Editor Charges Guilt;Leaders itlul by Communists. The article § tes,;g'é%£pdidates who consistently takepolitical bearings irom communists are unit tit» e/build because their attittide-_.are determined according to conditions that bearlvthe slightest on the welfare of
American newspaper workers. " 2-88217-2479!
The October 3, 1942, issue of "The Nation contains a special Stlppltlr
ment concerning Martin Dies and the "Dies Committee." This consists of articles
by several writers. Included among these articles '3 one entitled "J. B. Matthews -
The Informer" by Richard H. Rovere. 2-882;?-2479!
Rovere was the author of an article in "Harper's" magazine ior May,
i944, entitled "Dewey, the Man in the Blue Serge Suit." i00-196902-3!
92
Y
l
|
-3-
L1.Jones to Nease memorandum
F
Waiter Winchell in his co1un.n 948! indicated that "The New Yorker"
magazine was readying a series on Lepke Louis Buchalter! by it. H. hovere.
loo-3i0922-22!
Tne May, 1955, issue oi "Harper's magazine states that Ptovere
regularly writes the Letter from Washington ' article in "The New Yorker" magazine.
Tn. May, 1955, issue of "Harper's" also contained an article entitled "The Kept
Witnesses by Richard H. Rovere. The article was a discussion of the Harvey
Matusow recantation. It broughtout that Matusow made a good living from being, a
pr0f8S6i0nii.l_ witness for the Department oi Justice and many other groups and 3.5811619.
between 1.951 and 1954. Following llatusow's recantation, Rovere wrote that the
Department of Justice had given no indication that this incident had led it "to reconsidt.
the moral, juridical,and political effects of the whole practice of retaining professions.
witnesses. " Rovere admitted the necessity for informants for the proper maintenance
of order in a society such as ours but he continually decried paid witnesses. The
article was full of false statements and inferences. Reprints of the article were dis-
tributed by the Fund for the Republic. It is noted that in October, 1955, the Bureau
reviewed a letter which Assistant Attorney General Mlliam
send "Harper-s ' magazine in protest of the Rovere article.
.._ ... _ - -1- Q -- ----<~n i
Jones to Nease memorandum
Ii in -1-4-pl I--5 92.K- I92--HG-92_ Y Lil fun I-an _¢92;-I»I4-92-J 'l§a-92.92u;4- ;n92 r92wlJ92IL JD LIULBU I-UIIL Nil. .l'92.Ll.l-UH L.IC"1§, ill. _|l.b IIJCIIBIUIICU I92-l!92'¢-I-U Ll]. P1 U
vious radio programs. On December 7, 1955, he mentioned that Bella Dodd forms.
Communist Party member! had filed a libel suit against the Ford Foundation in reg
to the article entitled "The Kept Witnesses" by Rovere which the Fund for the Repub
nrucr !|i|:0§vIi92'92n§§nr1- Q i Jr ¢- u-nan-92§{r92nAr§ |'|n;c rnnllnn an-'1-in in Hi; III LllQ92-l J.9292|l92vll| n LIUU all I D LUISIALJUUIFU Ll-l1§ HAQLLCL .6 -Ll! Ill L11!-°° d° B-
Cm July 21, 1955, Congressman B. Carroll Reece, of Tennessee,
spoke in the Hon se of P.epresentati.'es concerning tne Fund {or the Republic. ..
in his remarks were three articles by Fulton Lewis, Jr. One of these was date
June 13, 1955; it stated, in part:
"'!'he next F . the Pepublic ett s to send
gratis to all Federal judges copies of three leftwing books, all
embodying varying facets of the overall liberal attack on the
security program, on the confidential informant system and on
anticommunism generally.;i"ne books were followed up by a
reprint of a Harper's magazine article entitled The kept Witnesses,
written by one Richard H. Revere.
Cue judge sent me his copy of the Harper's reprint eritii
a penciled note: How about "k8,J't professors . judges. are
really being bombarded. ' Another jurist sent me his with a cover
note describing it as the most obnoxious sf the lot he had l8t3¬:ll-Ed
from the fund.
- "I happened upon a clue to Mr. I{overe's character the next
day when I discovered in the new issue of the ADA World an item
about the .A.DA's forthcoming annual summer workshop in practical
' politics. One of the liberal spe..kers' ADA World's phrase! to
address the workshop, it said, would be Richard Rovere, NewOw _ Yorker political correspondent. ' "
AUGUST. 1958
PIIGI 00¢
AGAZINE FOR MEN
*4 ¬
. ,-92
1
. I
9,A RQIEAUNG EXPLOSIVE DUCIIMENT
Qn. Joe Nlc0arthyThe Truth
Hrs Sensatronal Ruse-
Mystenous Death
Crash Program
10 Pounds |n 10 Days
? %
o If You Lose Your Job
Yg5k8 Hidden Bohemia1-
,-
! /§9/
3.
1'3._ ,
es.»
O1--H
Great was his fall, and there was no putting him together again
In the spring of the year, 1954, there was the televised rttiiiiile over
Private Schine, Major Peress. General Zwiclter, Secretary Stevens,
and others then of disputed ranlt and now of rapidly dimming luster.
ln the late aurnmer, there were the untelevised censure hearings pre-
sided over by Senator Arthur V. Wiitltins, a Mormon elder from
Oreni, Utah, who could play variations on the crack of doom with ti
chairman's gavel and who was so insistent on a pure, unclouded
atmosphere that he posted No Snioliing signs in the Senate Caucus
Room--an act wholly without precedent. lit the fall, there was the
censure debate on the Senate oor-ending vvitli a vole of sixty-
lrvi for» twenty-two against a watered-down resolution of censure
l'°' Whlchi " ld" ""7 last moment and with it swift. concealed
"3'-'l "f ll" Pm. Vice-President Nixon struck the word "censure."
BY Wl"l¢l- ll McCarthy was through. lie had not lost his ful-
lowing. He had not lost, so far its anyone linows, a single true frtt-ml.
Lieutenant General George l-I. Striiteiiieycr headed up a conunittee of
"Ten Million Americans Mobilizing for justice"; all the old militants
Illll-l round. and by the day of the Censure vote over tl million si|.;n.i-
tures toa protest petition had been delivered tothe Senate by ttrutored
car. MtCarthy had not lost any of the appurtenances oi power. He
still had his seat, his seniority, and his oommlttee assignments. In
January. 1955. the Democrats organiud Congress, and of course helost his thairmanship of the Government Operations Committee. But
it wauit his Inuit t.hat the Democrats had won the elections.! Exact-.-_,i,..|st_i..._ . . .. . . .. . . -by lllCI'lAID ll. IIOVIIII
reporters in the gallery would see a chance to catch lunch, play
cards, or iind out what Lyndon jolinson was up to. From time to
time, McCarthy could he seen sliainbling or lurching, for he was
drinking more and holding it less well! down the corridors of the
Senate Otlice Building en route to some committee room where
pliotographers had been sighted. ll wasn't of niuch use. The pho-
tographers knew lie didn't have it. Mostly they ignored him; if, for
old times saite, they didn't, their editors iiled the pictures. He got
free television time every so often. |tt'tIt.'rally on some panel or inter-
view shuw'with a low Trendex, and used it to call Paul Hotlman "a
throwbiielt on the huilion race," Sherinaii Adams it "pinhead," or
Harold Slassen "one of the most coiiwiiiptible politicians of our ell-'
lt was the ultl ltiiigiinge, hut in another voice and mood.
For Ll wliile. lie tried stattcsmansliip. llc hired 8 bright lltl earn-
est young rigliii-.1. l.. llreiit Llozell, to write him some meaty
speeclics on l'ort-iytii and rtiililiiry policy. Sonic til them were quite
good. One, on April 25, I956, described with retttitrkalsle pre-
si.'icttt;e our log in inisiiile 92l|.'l'l.'ltI[!1l-Ill and the political consc-
queiiees of the lag; it may well have been the most prophetic speieeliof that year. But Meartlty felt as silly as he looked in a I-09. and
threw it aside. He made a pass at the farm vote. in the administra-
tion and in Congress, there were arguments over whether agricul-tural prioe sup rts should assure 85 or 87% or 90 per cent tilparity. MeCartll;t said it was I lot of cheap-sltate talk and came outi 21*"-'*
, .
i
i
lrr-=-lin act wholly wttimut |ll92,L|.glg'||l, Ill ital stall, .....tto on the Senate .ootctttlitlg with a votc of sixty- , . or. twenty-two against s watered-down resolution of censure- at the ver last moment and with a swift, concealedM plbllli y Nmu bf-the pen, Vice-President Nixon struck the word "censure. hm, Ion McCarthy was through. He had not lost his fol-I?" Ila had not lost, so far as anyone knows, a single true friend.tGeoes'al George E. Stratemeyer headed up a committee ofion Americans Mobilizing for ]ustioe"; all the old militants-rallied round, and by the day of the censure vote over a million signa-ittlll bi I [l'0test petition had been delivered to the Senate by armored_" car. eartlty bad not lost any of the appurtenances of power. Hestill had his seat, his seniority, and his committee assignments. Intauary, I955, the Democrats organized Congress. and of course hehis chairmanship of the Goveminent Operations Committee. But_lt wasn't his fault that the Democrats had won the elections.! Exact-ly half his party in the Senate had stood by him and refused to sup-port censure. Still and all, he was through, and everyone knew it.He had lost the power to panic the United States Senate and to shiver
the White House timbers. Sixty-seven Senators, including twenty-two Republicans, had dared to vote against him, and the Presidenthad called in Senator Watkins, the Cato of Wasatch, to "congratu-late him," in the words of James Hagerty, fur the splendid job hedid." Far more important, McCarthy had lost his nerve. His drive,his superb sense of timing. and even some of his meanness seemedto have gone from him. Where he had once been steely, he grewrubbery. He still knew what to do in a back-alley fight, but he sel-
dunt did it. He no longer clawed his antagonists but made wisecraclts""1 Plllil l°I'l92""92"l'lI~ lokes on them. Asked for comment on theSenate resolution, he said, I wouldn't exactly say it was a vote ofconlldestoe. He added, "l don't feel l've been lynched." He struck
back at benator Wallace llcnnctt, the other Utah Senator and the
author of the linal draft of the resolution, when Bennett was as-signed McCarthy's old ollicc in a general shifting of quarters. ln therefrigllator McCarthy had uscd to keep Milwaukee beer at a palat-ubll temperature, Senator llannett found, hungiltg from an ice-cube
tray. s large, crudely lettered placardWtt0 lnos1o'reo lsa.ttess?In the two and a half years that remained of his life, Mt-Curthy
made only is few splrlllcss attempts at a comeback. Now and then,
he would get the Senate floor to denounce someone or sotnething,
but never with much force and never with ntuch of an audience.
When he rose, Senators would drift out of the chamber, and the
Ivicw show with a low lrcntlcx, and used it to coil l'uul llolllll-ill '11throwback on the human race," Sherman Adams a pinltt-ad," orHarold Stassen "one of the most contemptlble politicians of our eta."lt was the old language, but in another voice and mood. .For a while. he tried statesmanship. He hired a bsightearmest young rightist, L. Brent Bozell, to write him ssqs meatyspeeches on foreign and military policy. Some of them were quitegood. One, on April 25, 1956, described with remarkable pre-science our lag in missile development and the political conse-quences of the lag; it may well have been the most prophetic speechof that year. But McCarthy felt as silly as he looked in a toga, andthrew it aside. He made a pass at the farm vote. ln the administra-tion and in Congress, there were arguments over whether agricul-tural price suppotts should assure B5 or 87% or 90 per cent oiparity. McCarthy said it was a lot of cheapskate talk and came outfor liD per cent of parity. This was a promising line for a dem-agogue down on his luck, but he soon dropped it. He couldn't seemto stick to anything. ln the I956 election, he played hardly any roleat all. After the censure vote, he had made a "public apology . . . Itthe American people" for having once believed that the Presidentwas anti~Communist. After Mr. Eisenhower's heart attack in I955,McCarthy said he thought it would be unkind to ask the Presidentto run again; he said be thought that either ]. Edgar Hoover or Her-man Welker would make a good. Republican candidate. He did notattend the San Francisco convention in I956. Early in 1957. whenSenator McClellan of Arkansas, who had tshn over as chairman ofGovernment Operations, was getting high on the front pages bymaking life miserable for Dave Beck, McCarthy tried to get into theact-now by championing the Fifth Amendment teamster, now bybullyragging him. Hut he didn't work at it. He would come into theCaucus liooin late, interrupt a line of questioning with questions ofhis own, some of which were incoherent, and after twenty minutes
or so wander out in an almost trance-like state.llc was sick a lot of the time and frequently hospitalised, as a rulefor the treatment of obscure ailments. The censure debate had beendelayed for ten days because of one of these conlinemertts. TheCapitol physician, Dr. George Calvcr, esplainctl that the Senatorhad "traumatic bursitis." Visited in the hospital, McCarthy said hehad uiidergnttc surgery to have some pieces of glass removed fromhis elbow. The story was tltal a Milwaukee admirer had shakenhands with him a bit too vigorously, pumping McCarthy's arm so
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M elbow Em ah -wpw Th! LlDClDl'isaid there had been no surgery at all. lt was alwatl lhll WIF-mlxed up. There was talk of baclt trouble, leg trouble, liver trouble.Prat. [1-gublg, lung trouble. heart trouble. andalwaysbottletrouble. He would run alarmingly to fat, then he would grow gaunt.Hg lost forty-one pounds in a few weelts. Not even his closest friendsknew what was wrong. All I know is he always had I ll"-m|"8batty," am: of them has said. It was persistently rumored that hewent to the hospital only to have the booze drttinetl oil. There havebggn descriptions of him as having spent his lust years In an un-brolten alcoholic stupor. These descriptions are inaccurate. lie hadalways been a heavy drinker. and there were tltttes in those seasonsof dig,-t... -at when he drattlt tnore than before. llut he was nottlways drunlt. lle went on the wagon for hint, this meant hecr inplace of whiskey! for data and weelts at ll time. The main troubletoward the cnll was that he couldn't hold the atoll. Where once hehurl been uhle to "hell a lilth"- as toeothers of his set would putit--betwt.-en tnldnight tttttl lite a.nt.. sleep for it couple of hours. andhe at the ollice ttl eight-thirty or ntnr. he now went tu pieces on theat-mild tlrtttb.
Still and ttll. he tltd ttot devote his ltlr to it. ile was never l.l sot.lle was as host tn that prttotl in the an-rage Senator and ll lot busierthan l'm'l.4 And he hail ts pmatr ltlr. lle and ltls wile adopted ithalts. Ilr spent it goutl deal of time with I-its pcrsottttl frictttls. it num-hrt of sslmnt haul newt lI'92'll his |nlttttal frtetuls. lle went deerltllllli, or at lrrsll hr went tntu the 9292'tsumstn vmtals, and once hepvt a tlort with his tat.||,- I.-|;g|"| mutt; tmt-rutul tn to-int-t. lie had .tio.i92s lilo-d ll.||tsl as he haul rtlnata ltlwtl ll-ttstrt. ltul he lt.trl ltkrtl to Instr it tn""||.| |" H ".1 ,1 ti .92tns In |ll"Nb1Il'tl -tit trim-niittt tstth |tt|.im t.t|ntsttrtlt ttml lIllt'92lnt1|tl92 llt In at-tn llnnlmg in lt'lltI92 ol .1 rpm |_sun, tsottllohtttal tm-lslls ags "Iran and I lt.nt' ttmoelt lttuttrt I--tassull tattle wt-rial to -tttnau. ht uul I omthl "t"" -' |'"' """||. I -".1; and tn-t|thhns.' Ilse tmth vs.u that ht th-Int lun-vmulh ttsunes. but hr ltaiiml II "Ml-i all II lh 92""' t'"'t'|" l"'gm. ml. mum. ml. th ||,"|» ,.}s|||<_ ls; to-it -mu llnts tn mland tllullllllil. lle lnasle a stnlilr lratttuti ut 4 ttttlll-In no |tvt|Ir lhs"H." |m.mh -In-I Mm mt. 92'|slstns tvf llJ|pIl|lltllll92 tlattsnl ttt his|,,-,,,|_ ||.- mu on tn} wagon tum. 4 tlulaatt-ti 1|-rt til-till. all in -trntttl ml ltttll llts-vs nan -at the |Iu||tlt- nlm la-tel llrrlt ttllllltt Il""ll I"the rlsle tlrchlud tint lsusl ||ttl|92' I-tr t-tumult. I||t"92 sttttt tslttlt llirtwere ahead om] while Metfarthy was tn 9292't|-totisttt tttttl, tttt||ttt'tt-tttrl.ly. not ltccplng up with ltls porllultu. llc st.tst.ttt|ul heavy lttsscs,not on paper but in legal United States tender. This was very closeto the cud. llt: fell oif the wagon in ii heap.On April ZH. I957, ltt.' was tttlttttttctl to lletht-sd.| |92'.|vu| Ilospititl.Mrs. i92|c §ttrthy sold he had gone for the trcuttttent of is "Litre ht-ptry." lle tt.ts pot in the tttturoltntlcal section. The Navy doctorsannounced that ltls cotttlltion hod been tlitntnosed as "peripheralneuritis." luttr tluys later. on May 2. he breathed his last. just Intime for the seven o'clock news. "In time for the seven o'clocknews" was his Fast.-o.. -i.-.- :»- - - 1subsequent examination and consultation it had been found thatMcCarthy had been suffering from hepatitis, a chic malady formerlyltnown as jaundice. They ascribed death to "acute hepatitit: infec-tion" and hepatitie failure." Hepatitis and peripheral neuritis haveabout as much in common as Asian u and a broken anltle. Heparis Greelt for liver. Hepatitis is an inammation of that organ. It isdebilitating but seldom fatal. Time reported that McCarthy haddied of "cirrhosis of the liver." ln cirrhosis. the liver turns intosomething the consistency of wet sawdust. The commonest agentfor the transformation is alcohol. Many people are convinced thatMcCarthy dranlt himself to death. One way or another. he probablydid-but not, pcrltups, in the usual way. It is conceivable thatyears of drinking had given hint a wet-sawdust liver. but the sud-denness of his death suggests another possibility. He had hadhepatitis, and for a victim of this disease alcohol even in smallamounts is poison. The chances are that his last drinking b0t.ttsbegun when he got the bad news about his investments--did himln. Either way, liquor and the liver had something to do with it.
When he died, the true believers cried murder most foul. Thatis what lruc believers alnuys do. They said. as one might haveexpcctctl thctn to, that the Communists. the Truman-AchesonDentocrots, the bleeding hearts. the c-ggheads. the Eisenhower fiepublieuns. r92tttt.t'it';ttts for Dctnocratic Action, the Army Departmentcodtllcrs of Cmnmtnusts, the r92tl;tttts-blt'Ut92't|t:ll clique, all the forcesof tlt|rl92ttts.92, sulncrstnit, and betrayal had cotne together to crushthis jutlrittl and h.ttl stti.u't'tlt.'tl in destroying his will to live. The.'92lt '.|r||t92tti> |tttl|lt92-ltcr. 9292'il|oitn Loch of Manchester, New Hamp-92l|t|t', -92.|ttl |h.t| 9292|c '.trth,t-'s ettentics, among whom he nttntbcrctl """ ""'l""ll l l"*rlit in the White llouse had "worn down his.ttlIl tt.|l .ttttl ttlltet g-l.tmls." Utltcrs tvcre less 92'llllL'IIl tttttl less clinical Ho 92 92.tttl 92h nttlnl ltllttl tiIt tI'|'l-Ilmtt oi ts lmtkt tthllrttsml ' ll brukul hum hmulihl on by can""- I ll" W""|l| hut-c suttl this ifl1t' had lain 92ttu- K In lieltttttttu or lnttctt hy it riltid ti;
- It-t. h t th- sttlipttiuts --l lltrtl |tltlgtIls'ltl tltn-92 not tnolse it false-ll Th:list" ts, tat hum .| |tttt9292.tl92 ttmtltlmtt of living L11- t: m . ashut || to Kill _ ltttl ulna It ltlr l92 slt-sllrtt ll ls I Hy lndure *-gt t t lI'Ill Ur 1}]; rdvagvs __ ,, mm .... ., ||||||llI92 stststla 0| tllsltmt. ll tout hang an . .
lies , lhsrt ts ttamu tn ttt|'|II'92t Ill-ll ll tttlht s distress at the vi. ishad ttlulr in do llllll .s hwhn lullllll-I and atslttttte
"N-l tl " o saith spu.nl than with a lmrlrtt tmutlr, bu - - rum ofI lllill SLitlfr.c'tl}' ling. lera. lltc ttuutlt-, attt it as ll tun. llll fslrtl for him twu andyears earltt-r. Arid wltctlter drinking was | p|-[mm-y or I .m=m'cause of his dcttth. the ftstl It'IIl4lI'l92 lhat lie could probably MWheld onto ltle ht not drinking, and he thud in drink 'To aclttovvledgt: this mush. thsntlht H It ralsg g whole aerles ofquestions about Msuthy. Why II be mg b the e92t¢& iI954? 9292 hat was his been Ink I Ill! lnuld break so easily. -"ll 5:11" In ml smash. but Ihn Ins 5" the sort on which llllll '11 -rs I Illll ----- ---~ * -' ' 4 Lijo often fuusgw on desire
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.... [Ill |-ttqrttt who hnti lwrtt gutrtg along iorthe ride tit-t'tdt'd they had gone iar enough. Tltey quit while theywere ahead and while McCarthy was in Wisconsin and, momen-tarily, not keeping up with his portfolio. He sustained heavy losses.not on pa but in legal United States tender. This was very closeto the enclluHe fell oi the wagon in a heap.On April 28, I957, be was admitted to Bethesda Naval Hospital.Mrs. McCarthy said he had gone for the treatment of a ltnee in-jury. He was put in the neurological section. The Navy doctorsannounced that his condition had been diagnosed as "peripheralneuritis." Four days later, on May 2, he breathed his last ' i, jttit n time for the seven o'ciocit news. "in time for the seven o't.locltnews" was his favorite time for uncovering a new master spy. forblistering Sherman i92t.lttms, or for telling Eisenhower to watch hisstep.! The rst obituaries gave no cause of death. They reportedthat he was forty-seven. having reached that age the precedingNovember 9. When someone checlted his birth eertiiicate in GrandChute. Wisconsin, it was found that he had turned forty-eight thepreceding November l4. Mrs. Mt.{.arthy wanted a posthumoustriumph for him in the Senate. He got it. He was the iirst Senatortn seventeen years-the last had been the old Idaho windbag, Wil-liam Borahto receive it state funeral in the Senate chatnber. "Thisfallen warrior through death spealteth," the lleverend FrederieltBrown Harris, the Senate chaplain said, and the burden of his em-barrassing message was that the prophet is not without honorexcept, etc. The ag-draped oollin was put on a plane with the lateHerman Wellier and two reporters aboard and ilown to Green liay,Wisconsin. The airborne wake was provisioned as the best waltcsgenerally are. Grief was held at bay overlitt-rally overMcCar-thy's dead body. On May 7 the fallen warrior was given a Catholicfuneral at St. Mary: Church in Appleton, then laid to rest in aeetm-tery on a blull uverlooliing the I-ox. llivt.'r.Mtstery still surrounds the cause ui' death. The lletitesda doctorssaid they had t:t'rt-tl in their original diagnosis of pt.-t't|tltt-ral ttenrttis,whtclt is an lnllittttntatintt of the nerve ends turtltt-st from thecentral nervous system. They explained, alter the tact, that on
I
4ialalt 92-ll .i tut-ttit.'~- llttttlt HI t'92t.92tt'tttt'. ti ||t.tt_dintty.; utt tlt'92in_-,'iht-re is reason to su|1|1usc lltnl .92tt- innit!-', ,|,,m.',,, at the t/cry andhad more to do with a broken banltboolt and s shattered dream ofa cattle spread ti n with b - ~ - 'ta a roittn trusade. but llll stat-ceiy am. - t . Th ~ - -' 'ers e crusade, such as it was. had ended for htm two and ahf
cause of his death, the fact remains that he could probably hfeheld onto life by not drinking. and he elected to drink. "To acknowledge this much, though. is to raise it whole series ofquestions about McCarthy. Why was he undone by the W1 ofI954? What was his heart made of that it should breait so easily.llis defeats were real enough, but they were of the sort on whichniost leaders of tnass tttovcntents thrive. Hitler, at om" l't'H| i I-lwmoral spectrum. anti Gandhi, at the other. rose Phl-'t1lX'llkl? III!it httlf-doren such tleicats. What, alter all, was so terrible aboutthe events oi I954? llt: was in a brawl on television. and a lot oft92nu.-ricans got a close loolt at him and set him down as a plug-ugly.But the people wito iuund him repulsive had never been his fol-lowers anyway, anti never could have been. To the hard core, andto most of those who formed around it, his nastiness was part of hist.hat'ttt. The tnore he ranted. the tnore they loved him, and he wasa Caruso among renters. To be scorned by the respectable, dis-uwued by liisenhuwer, halt-heartediy "censured" by the Senate-why should any of this have mattered? He wasn't left to rot in adungeon. lie retained his liberties and his oflice. His followerswere still all about him-tv.iiting, if they were of the authenticbreed oi those ietehed by demagogues, for a rallying ery,*an orderto regroup and resume the attaclt. Their leader was young andvigorous.
ll he had been a llitler, he might have burned down the Senate.lictng i92ir.Carthy, he hired a lawyer--one oi the country's bil-litlwartl l.it.-nnett 9292'illt.tttts-and sought an acquittal. Wb¢'ll lldidn't get it. he httcliietl before respectable and oflicial o|1i"l°"- ll shared its view that he hadn't much of a future. And ht 500" i-l"-"-llJt.'t'ttttst.' he cnttld ttut Liv oil liquor. This, too, is odd. llisto_ril'iIllYrit is ttttltt-ard ul' that the h'.tt|cr of a crttsntle, or any true iurtaltc,should die tn this nay. Norntnlly, such tnen--tln: demonic alld
I DIJIO1 II ill ll IIQUIII t August
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dreams of power and glory
ntod or distilled.
tlse premise that McCarthy
I believe it can be demon-
biest detnagogue of his time but
these shores. Most of our deinagogues.
UIIUI1 and the loll. have been provincial and parochial
" -their Inuence limited to a region or a sect. in the nine-
' tau-nth century. abolition. secession, pottoliim. and nativism pro-
- dosed I few rabble-rousers of prociency, but none who left a last-
hsg inspect on the country and none who are widely remembered
today. It may be too early to say that McCarthy's inuence will still
be felt twenty years from now, but the chances seem good that itrne some "documents" that would, he said, he TNT. "Wait'|l youget a load of this," he said. "it's going to l'D .'it the country. All
=8Bl_'. ll began to iooit at his photostats. his Clippings, his con-lll'"_" l 1'¢P°'i§- his Eopies of other people's correspondence. Ai""l'"ii °f foolishness--mine, not hiscame over me when l wasunable to see that any of them proved anything about anything. NoTNT "Hm I dun, iiuii Bel it." I would say. "lt doesn't seem toRave much to do with what I'm after." it has a lot to do with it,"e would say, hut naturally those bastards were trying to cover up.Now looli at this one, tt will nialte the others clear. We've got iijigsaw puzzle here, see, and we've got to put the pieces together," [thought he was maliing sense and that my perceptions were at faultl- tie a a and what their deadlines were. W31?! mi __"overnight." whit made ' 8°°d 51d°b ;ho:j
days, how to get into the news even on i
invention failed him and he had no uniooll 1°
he would call a press conference in the morn
announcing that he was going to call s P""noon The reporters would oonse in. and Mdhe just wanted to give them the wprd that
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Fa1 ttc t|n.i|||n-s ttcct'ss.try to il iir|ii.igugttc," .'92r|stupl|at1es wrttie, "are
these: to he loul-tnuuthed, base-burn, a low, mean fellow." McCar-
thy qualilied handsomely. He was the master of the seabrous and
the seatological. He understood the perverse appeal of the burn, the
muelter. the dead-end lrld, the Iames lones-Nelson Algren hero to
a nation in the Iii! of a vast leveling process in which everyonewas sliding, from one direction or the other, into middleclass re-
mwlabillty. Ind be was quick to malte it. He had some decent
instincts-who hasn't?-and some yearnings of his own for lace-
curtatrt. wall-to-wall respectability. but he overcame these with con-
spicuous ease. He was a ghter who used his thumbs, his teeth, and
his knees. His style. l have always thought, owed a lot to that of
a certain ltind of American athlete: the ltind who swaggers and
exaggerates his swagger. the ltind who loolrs ugly and tallrs ugly and
earns such sobriquets as Killer or Slugger. the kind who attaches
enough importance to winning the goddamned game to throw spit-balls and rabbit punches and do a little work with knees and
elbows in the pileups. He boasted of how he had been taught to go
straight for the groin by an old north-woods scamp.named Indian
Charlie. The rank and le were pleased to linow that the leader had
been trained by this sage mentor.
Multiple lbs and shell games
He had an extraordinary bag of tricks. Hitler discovered the uses
of the Big Lie-the falsehood so large and round that reason. which
deals in particulars, was almost powerless to combat it. McCarthy
invented the Multiple Lie-the lie with so many particulars, so
many moving and interchangeable parts, so many tiny gears and
fragile connecting rods that reason exhausted itself in the elfort to
combat it. He said so many tlillerent things about so many difierentpeople people, generally. of uncertain identity and even, so far as
the public was concerned, of questionable esistence! that no one
could keep it all in focus.He brought to perfection a ltintl of shell game to he played with
facts, or what George Orwell called "unfacts." He lluttttttuttetl me
with it the rst time l met him, which was a year or so before he
discovered communism. I wished to get certain information about
one of his undertakings, and be brought me into his oioe to show
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.-. -ll-' °l""llt-l ll-If outside the fratneuorit of American political
' °"lllY- Thiti it 11° l-° iii! that he was immoral or amoral rather
than moral; it is rather to my gm hr lsnmud lb, mnveniions of
American politics. Cheating oi um; 50" or mother ls, of courgf
tolerated in politics. Hut there are limits of tolerance. and ll tg
one of McCarthy's distinctions-one of the marks, if you will, ot
his greatncssthat he simply J14] not consider that the No Tres-
passing signs were for him. it it, For example, within limits tomisrepresent a fact; but the convention holds that it must be a far!
that is misrepresented. For l92lcCarthy, this silly rule had no mean-ing. When he wished to have it believed that Senator Trlli"it> "fMaryland consorted with Communists, he was noteniharrassed bylaclt of the lrittcl of evidence that could be manipulated in such 3
way as to leave this impression. He fabricated the evidence: a
photograph of Millard Tydings and a photograph of Earl Brot-vder.
the Communist lc.itll:l. taliett at a tliilerent time in a diiierent pla
were mounted together and oifered as at photograph of the two con-
sorting.l recall liim uncc. early in his career, rising to the Senate llutir
and attttouttung that he was going to quote a letter from one 29"
eminent oilicial to ;ttttiiltt'r'. 9292hat ltc read had a very Iishy sound,
and a couple of other Senators interrupted to say they thought
McCarthy must be "quoting out of context." They asked that the
entire letter he made part of the record, so that Senators could
judge its import for tiu-niscltes. McCarthy said he would get around
to that later; tneanwltile, he wished to exercise his privilege of
quotittg what he wished to quote. When, eventually, the letter did
get into the record, it turned out that he had not been quoting out
of cunicttt-for lie lord not ltct.'tt qtmtittg at ell. What he hatl held
in his hand ought have been a picture of Zsa Zsa Cabot; he hailsimply intcntctl. slattdtng tltcre on the Senate iloor, lines that served
his purpose at the moment. Within the irameworlt of politicalmorality, it is permitted for a man to deal in hall-truths, words
wrenched from context, and so forth, but not to deal, as he did, 5
wholly imaginary texts..-92ntl oi course he was a genius at that essential American strategy-publicity. He ltllt'9292' what it was made of, the very texture of
it. He knew the newspapennen and how and when they worked-1.»,.| s||t;_-_|i nsttttt-t ~'" ' .' -
go 9292llt.l- _ _The 6-er! hsiilh; gm. going. nee e IIOilice Buildinl- Y :2lull well that 11¢}! H. m. 11"M|ttm."l92¢llld'- M n'l *
took an elevator to the balm"lcasls to the Capitol. McCall-ltqf "" l. l' going!-9'"bP°" thanH; realzhod in his P"°nl::{d:g one ;ubpot:nttl. and 5985 , be .- onciot serious. l°°- W can l. ' -1llou ruins 1" *""P°"' l" M? 'with his forel'921'IS" xvvial u$:."fabout Hum Dani ed . ithouiPublicity helps; lnd - W giar more than a air for press-algaeiuclt that presented hint Witlltbmfwas largely accident. He h _of any sort» Ind 3 mend upzmaterial on initrauon that h .by an investigating committtt Iforgotten because it wasn t very =used. Now it belongs to the aillat--certainly not in the aiterrnl:not the rst to pounce on it.bcareer on it. T0 ll- ll °°n":h:|1formidable. He was an all umHe may not have drawn out ha;Long could gel; he P37 null Mplaces of the American spun
"' ".1" °*-'"""..*:;:- .. ny mertcan ""'iiliiintis ail. But McCarthY hiAmerican and WHY °H";u"" '1
ti h he ran into some "andhghoitfyntbereaiter dkd- 9292
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of what had
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Ill suited his
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rust be a fact
" Jutd no mean-
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gird what their deadlines were, what made a "lead," what made an'9yg,[|1lgl1t," what made a good "sidebar." He knew, in his gooddays, how to get into the news even on those rare occasions wheninvention failed him and he had no unfacts to give out. For example,he would call a press conference in the morning for the purpose ofannouncing that he was going to call a press conference in the after-noon. The reporters would come in, and McCarthy would say thathe just wanted to give them the word that he was going to makes shattering announcement in the afternoon for use in the morningpapers. Headline in the afternoon papers: NIZW MeCAll'I'llYREVELATIONS AWAITED IN CAPITAL. 92'i'hett the appointed
hour came, the reporters as often as not found McCarthy nowherearound. He had given his secretary a note saying that he had todelay his shattering revelation in order to get some "documents"-documents. documents, documents, how well he knew what suck-
ers Americans are for "docutnents"-that would make it even more
shattering, when it came.He brought himself to public notice bv one of his most dazzling
inventions. He said, in his famous Wheeling, West Virginia,speech. that there were 205 Cotmnunists in the State l!epart.ment
and that he had right there with him u list of them. He later
claimed that he had been misunderstood, saying once that his figure
was Bl and another time that it was 57, but these revisions areunimportant except that they, too, got him in the papers! along-side the fact that he picked a specific number and a large one. llad
he said, that day when he was an unknown and evidently uninter-esting Senator, that there were three Communists in the btateDepartment, or seven, or that he had reason to believe that theremight be quite a lot of them, no one would liavc paid tho slightest
attention to him SF.Nr92'l' !ll Cll.-92llGl-I5 C JMML'NlST lNl*l.U-
TLNCE IN STATE l!l§lAll'l'Ml{NT might have turned up over a
two-inch story on Page 15 of your local newspaper.! Many people,
after all, were saying something of that sort. But when he said
there were "205" or even "57" and that he had their names in hishand naturally, he didn't have any names; all he had was a letter
from lames Eyrnes to Adolph babath giving some ligures, without
I lllttk name, on loyalty investigations!, the press simply had to
go wild.The very sight "Y II newspapertuatt would set his mindll"l"ii- Once llt: III" lltlll it pair of tltesn idling along in the ht-nuieUllicg l_t|||1,li|1g. "Y9" "V0 lithium lo: I story? he aslseil. lnsuwtnrgfun W," nut their answer wuss he, "titan. htstrl you got one
"strum." Isa said, now ls't's see. The three walla-sl along together.
took an t'ls'92nl.92|l' to the hasenwrtt alts] boarded the little subway that
lenh to the Cspitsil. Mt-Csrthy was thinking hard. Then he llgltllsl
lip. "l'm ping so sttbpnena Truman, that's what I'll ling, in J0."
He reached in his pocket where he always kept a wad of blank
subpoenas. l_m.l began myldnguone out for the es-Prgsltlai-it, 'Yq|,|'|-ga-... ,
were other issues to be exploited. He was still s young man.
Civic virtue has proposed several answers, to wit:
--Truth crushed to earth does not burrow out of sight, but in
happy reality rises again. The facts, in time, found McCarthy out,
and after that his cause was hopeless.-You can't fool even many of the people all the time. No sizable
number will forever put up with a loot.--He had only slime for mortar. Demagogues, to be truly suc-
cessful, must hold up to their following some hope and plan--how-ever malign in content-fur making life better and more equitable.
This McCarthy failed to do. lle was a mischief-maker, a destroyer,
a nihilist, and in the end he could not even satisfy himself.
No doubt each of these points has merit, but even if they explain
McCarthy's defeats in I954, they do not account for his acceptance
of them. Normally, demagognes, like lovers and poets, simply do
not recognize rejection and repudiation. juan Peron, thrown outof his own country and subsequently a refugee from his place ofrefuge, continues to inflame his followers and to stir things up in
half a dozen countries.l believe that just as the sources of McCarthy's power were to be
found in Mt{Iarthy's person, there, too, may be found the principal
reasons for his easy capitulation in I954.McCarthy was a great tlcmagogue, but he was, in my view, anessentially frivolous one. The world took him seriously, as indeed
it should have, but he never really took himself seriously. He was
the leader of a fanatical movement, and he gave his natttc to a
fanatical doctrine, but he was no kind of fanatic himself. He was
a hell-raiser, a born troublemaker, a political racketeer, -a con manwho loved the game for its own sake. It is conceivable that in his
l.|tt:r days he began to believe what he was saying and to imagine
himself truly persecuted by his enemies; at times, during the Army-McCarthy hearings, he would y into lils of what appeared to begenuine hysteria. He may by then have cast his spell over himself.
The cultivated tantrum
lint even this is doubtful. Mostly his hysteria was for the birds.
llt: was capable of going mtu a tantrum before the television cameras
atttl screariung, "Mr. hairtnau, Mr. Chairman, Point of Order,
Point of Order," tearing passions to tailors, announcing that he
could bear no more of "this farce" and would dignlfy it with his
presence not a moment lungerant.l then making a beeline for lhg
Gent's lluum, the ulljslve ho basl lsnel in mind when he began
the outburst. Why not pus suture tssso politics? Susnettrrin ts;
wostlsl "walk asst" and get no further than a turner of the room that
was out ol the sweep of the cameras, there in observe calmly and
bosmnseslbytlseotn1sntotiosthehadcstssetl.HsoItanttntetlh.ls
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-it -iiicli stot ' on i'-t 'e I! "I :~~-- - D l - B ' ' n l But when lie said. -- gum;-thing oi that sort. _ _ _after all, were sslftnti an "57" and hat he had mu. mm m msthere were 205 or evr h ; ll he had was it letterhand Cnaiuralll he didn tl vesagggllafgglwme gure withoutB to Ado p I ii i:ogl92-y92g]g.?;|,92i,|1m|.l0YI.ll.!' investigations!. the press simply had to
up ¥|l-LL "qt ght of a newspapcrnian would set his mindping QM; he ran into a it of them idling along in the Senate05°C Buggy , "You two Elvin for ii story?" he asked. knowingfull well that their answer would lie. "bore, have you got one? Mmrrt " hi! billlls "now li.-i'a see." The three walked along together.took an elevator to the basement and boarded the little subway thatlriiala to the Capitol. Mc Iitriliy was thiiiliitig hard. l hen_he lightedup. I'm going to subpoena Truman, that: what lm going to dn.lle Ilthqd tn his pocket where he always kept a wad of blankgab-igunas, Qnd began making one out for the ex-Prcsiilent. You'renot m-turn, jog, you can't be," otie of the reporters said. "9292li-at areyou going to subpoena him for?" McCarthy tapped his big skullwith his forenger several times. "Oh, l'm calling him to testify
about Harry Dexter White, that's what."Publicity helps; indeed, without it all is lost. But McCarthy hadfar more than a air for press-agentry. And he had more than theluck that presented him with the Communist issue in I950. itwas largely accident. lle had been casting about for speech materialof any sort, and a friend tipped him oil to some largely unusedmaterial on infiltration that had been gathered. liled and forgottenby an investigating committee a couple of years back. lt had beenforgotten because it wasn't very impressive-but there it was, un-used. Now it belongs to the ages.! The issue was not to be scoffedat-certainly not in the aftermath of the lliss case. McCarthy wasnot the first to pounce on it, but he was the lirst to build a largecareer on it. To it. hc contributed his own personality, which wasfortnitlable. He was an authentic mob organizer and galvaniaer.He may not have drawn out the affection and bonhoitiie that HueyLong could get; he may not have been able to reach into the darkplaces of the American soul as liitler could reach into the darkplaces of the German soul. This inay have been because there aretoo many American souls-no one titan, of good or evil bent, canrally us all. But McCarthy hail his own ways. and they were veryAmerican and very effective, and he rallied a large minority.
And then he ran into some heavy weather, gave up the struggle,altdlhlily thereafter died. Why? The issue was still hot. There
samurai,-bi.iii.i...t ..
'l".lrc cultivated tantrumBut even this is doubtful. Mostly his hysteria was for the birds.He was capable of going into a tantrum before the television camerasand screaming, Mr. Chairman, Mr. Chairman, Point of- Order,-Point of Order," tearing passions to tatters. i=92ll°""Gllll IN hecould bear no more of "this farce" and would dignify it with hi!|irt:5t.'nCt: not a moment longer-and then making a beeline fol theGent's liooni, the objective he had had in mind when he beginthe outburst. Why not pin nature into politics? Sometimes hewould "walk out" and get no further than a corner of the room thatwas out of the sweep of the cameras. there to observe calmly andbe amused by the commotion he had caused. He often timed his
walkouls for the newspaper deadlines. if he came to believe his own lies and to hate and fear his de-tractors as they hated and feared him, he did so only sporadically.If he fell under his own spell, the spell quickly passed. He was, tobe sure, a prince of hatred. The haters rallied round him; at aword from him, their hate glands would pull and swellfreshsupplies of venom would flow into their venom sacs. But this mostsuccessful and menacing of all our apostles of hatred was himselfas incapable of true rancor, spite, and animosity as a eunuch is oftnarriage. He just did not have the equipment for it. He faked itall and couldn't understand anyone who didn't. When he ran intoDean Acheson in a Senate elevator, he thought it cold and un-friendly of Acheson to respond to his "Hello, Dean," with clenchedtecth and a crimson forehead. When, in the ArmyMcCarthy hear-ings. he sunk to what even Roy Cohn knew to be the very bottomof the pit of tit-graditiionby trying to hurt Joseph Weich, theArtny's attorney. with a wholly gratuitous smear on a young friendand associate of Welch's who had nothing whatever to do with thecase-»lie was baliled by the way everyone shrank from him andcleared the path before hint as before a leper Uncleanl Uncleanl!when he left the Caucus liouni. They had all been on Welch's
side when he addressed McCarthy: ."Until this moment, Senator, l think l had never really gaugedyour cruelty or your recklessness. . . . if it were in my power toforgive you for your reckless cruelty, I would do so. l like to thinltthat l ant a gentle man, but your forgiveness will have to come
front someone other than me. 92'i'hen, later, McCarthy at last found someone who would speakto ltttn, he held out his hands, palms upward, and said, "What did
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tI do? He knew what he had said, of course, but l believe hegenuinely did not know what he had done. ln his mind, there wasa severance between words and their meanings. A year or so beforehe died. he met at a Washington party rt former associate, a manhe had publicly betrayed and ruined. He went up to this man andwlthin the hearing of the astonished guests asked why they had notseen each other in months. "jeanie was talking about you the othernight," he said. How come we never see you? What the hell areyou trying to do-avoid us?"l am trying to suggestit is a perilous as well as a dilhcult un-dertaking-that there was to this ogreish creature a kind ofinnocence that may be one of the clues to l'tl5 fate. The man was amoral vacuum. Somehow or other, lte could sitttulatt: hatred andseveral other passions, but he was numb-to the sensatiotts theyproduced in others. Perhaps becaus! of this,cutaitt_|y itt spite ofit. he haddare one say it nowP-a certain personal charm. Itmust be said, for there were many people who loathed htm andliked him. Among them were several of the reporters who wereassigned to him regularly, who referred to thentselves as the CoonSquad, and who put the llepublic greatly in their debt by theirscholarly and unrelenting pursuit of the truths he sought to burvwith his Multiple Lies. Many of them were fond of hittt, as he wasfond of many of them; they knifed him in their stories. tht-_v knewfull well that his kntfc was always drawn for them, yet they coulddrink together and be. itt a sense, friends.There was the classic case of the celebrated l-Inglish journalist,a man who had convinced himself at his desk in London thatMcCarthy was a great beast at large in the 9292'ur|d-a monster thathad to be dcstruyctl, and right atv.t_t'. in the t1.ttne of ltutnatt tie-cency. He appointed htntsclf a St. George. grabbed up ltts type-writer, and boarded the lirst transatlantic plane he could tnakc. llcwas to write a series of articles so powerful that l92lcCartlt_v, cttposcdat last, would irntttcdmtcly be crttsltcd. Naturallt, he had tu see thedragon. ln Wasltittgttttt, he phoned l92lc §.trth92's ollice and askedfor an appointntent. lle got one right aw.t_92. llntcittg ltimsell. re-minding hitnst-ll' tlt.tt violt-ttte ttcver solved anything, he went oil tothe appointment. lle was shown in, and the opening cottversattonwent something like this:lllr:Can1'ttv: They tell me you're a hell of a reporter. llave a drink?
Cet.t=ttn4"r£n jounmtttsrz Senator McCarthy, l tltink youquite so powerful an assault on McCarthy as he had hoped theywould be. He was not destroyed. 'The night McCarthy died, a friend of his, one with nothing butcontempt for the role McCarthy had played, returned home late inthe evening to nd his wife sitting by the radio and weeping~notin pure grief, as it turned out, but in frustration. She had, she ex-plained, listened to all the comments that had been made aboutMcCarthy's death. "Everyone has said the same thing, she saidthrough her tears, "and they have all been wrong, wrong, wronglThey have told exactly the opposite of the truth. They all hatedhim, but they had to nd a saving grace for their obituaries, so whathave they given him?-sincerity. Each one had said. At least hewas sincere--he believed in what he was doing, when that was theone goddam thing you couldn't say of him." She went on in lachrymose eloquence. He was a stirtker, he was never sincere, he'd neverthought of believing in what he was doing. There wasn't ntuchgood you could say of him, except that he was generous to hisfriends and a few of us couldn't help liking him. No one has saidthat, and no one will. Only this junk about his being sincere. "Mt-Carthy simulated belief for the true believers. Among thosewho knew him, very few thought that he spoke from any kind ofconviction. He was a political speculator, a wildcatter who drilledcontntunisttt and saw it conte up a gusher. He liked his gusher, buthe would have liked any other just as well. He was an enormouslyskillful manipulator of political issues, but he was almost wholly in-tlillcrcttt to them. llc had rutt for the Senate with valuable assistancefrom the lommunists "Communists have the same right to vote asatt_92ottc else, dot1't they," he had said when lattetl with his left-wingsupport, and to get tnore of it, he had said, "Stalin's proposal for9292't.trltl dtsarmamettt is a great thing"!, and he had spent four yearsttt the Senate making scarcely a mention of communism. When hefound there was something itt it. he worked it, but he was a lacyas well as a frivolous dctnagogue, and he never really ntastcred it.lle served up what lloy Cohn gave hint to serve up; most of thetitttc. ltc didn't know what he tsas talking .tbottt or even whom hewas talkittg about. 'l'hc late lluward llushtttort-, a rc.tl spt'tiullbl.It-ft McCarthy's employ because he couldn't stand the slo|tpim,-5; oftltt: Orgtultfullutl. "Those files," Rushmore said with a Shudder, My God, what a ,ptt-ss. ! i92Ic Iarthy was singular. Only he couldsay,on spring day in I950, that lltt: nt.'ttl morninghe WUl.|ltlname1
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1mnrttnn.-, trttttseli lltat ttuictttc llI.'92Li stilt:-tl nn_92"tl|tng,_lic tient uil tothe appointment. lle was shown in, and the opening conversationwent something lilte this:
d N:3Cartrttv: They tell me you're a hell of a reporter. Have a rin
Canaan.-rraol]ounn.u.rsr: Senator McCarthy, I think youshould ltnow that I despise you and everything you stand for. Ithinlt you are the greatest force for evil in the world today.l92lt:C: No ltidding. How about the drink? What'Il you have?C]: I have just told you, Senator McCarthy. that I loathe anddetest you. l am here to expose you. It will get you nowhere totry to be ltind to me.
McC: We can tall: later. Now what. . . PC]: I will start talking now. I wish only to warn you fairly thatyou can expect no quarter from me. In my opinion. . . .McC: For chrissalte, are you going to have a drinlt or aren't you?Let's settle that lirst.
C] nearly dehydrated!:lf it is clearly understood that I amunder no obligations, that I am retracting not one word that I havesaid about you, that your hospitality will not gain you my goodopinion, I will join you in a drinlr. I will, if you please, have somewhislsey, with perhaps just a dash of soda.McC: Good.
The interview then began and proceeded without interruptionfor an hour or so. The Londoner could not put a question withouttelling l92h.Carthy what a foul and poisonous creature he was.McCarthy could not answer without ollering some more Whislteywith perhaps just a splash of soda. Iloth were loaded almost to themurrle when McCarthy was reminded that he hatl a dentist's ap-pointment. lle invited St. George to come along, and the interviewwent on insofar as it was possible with l92ltCarthy's great jawclamped open and a dentist with trctttbling hands wot-iced overMcCarthy's cavities and tried to lteep his l'tt'atI in an atmosphereblue with the tallt and quavering with the fumes of the bourbon hehad consented to allow his patient to use as a rinse. Baclt inMcCarthy's office, and after that in l92lt.'Carthy's apartment, theinterview still continued. in a tnuch degenerated form. and carriedover to the next morning. Finally it ended. The Englishman wrotehis articles; they burned with moral outrage, but they were not
-...--_.__._ .....a -' '4la-|t>92.-
ttas lalltlttg alxittl. lite late llutvartl lluslnnutc, at real speeialr'st.left McCarthy's employ because he couldn't stand the sluppittesl ofthe organization. Those les," llushtnore said with a shudder. My God, what a mt-ss."! McCarthy was singular. Only he couldsay, on a spring day in I950, that the nest morning he would name"the Number One Cu|n||||.|,||1|¢ spy in the United States," when infact he had not the slightest idea of whom he would name-andthen deliver the next morning the nlme of a man of whose veryexistence he had been unaware the previous day. No one but Mc-Carthy could hold up I scrap of paper that might have been apariting ticltet or a laundry list, anything but a list of Communistsin a government agency-and say it was a list of Cosnmtutista irta government agency.
The demon was not possessed by oneMcCarthy was a demon, but he was not, to our great good for-tune, a man possessed by demons. His talents as a demagogue weregreat, but he laclred the most necessary and awesome of detnagogiegiftsa belief in the sacredness of his own mission. To perseverein the face of adversity, a man needs the courage of his oonvictiorts,and if he has no convictions he can scarcely draw courage fromthem. It was the laelt of conviction that made him at once a morevulnerable and interesting human being than any of his followers.The conviction he laclted was an absurd thing. and any rnan wasthe better for not having it. His friend and lawyer, Edward BennettWilliams, has always insisted that McCarthy's was e glory drive, nota power drive, and the distinction seems a valid one, in his case andin general.The glory drive is always less dangerous because it is more easilyfrustrated. It is selfish, or self-seelting. in the narrowest tense, andit maires defeat and humiliation a more personal affair. "Faith ina holy cause," Eric Holfer has written, "is to it considerable extenta substitute for the lost faith in ourselves." If McCarthy ever hadfaith in a holy cause he lost it early and reposed all his faith inlissself. fie was a cynic, a true one. Cynicism is never admirable.but it is better for the world when a man os gifted as McCarthy lscontemptuous of morality than when he is allame over a viciousand destructive one. McCarthy employed a vicious and destructiveone, but it never set him alire, and he proved in the end unable toset even the United States Senate alire. il-
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Your letter dated July 7, 195;-J, with enclosure,
has been eceived, and I want to thank you for bringing theeditorial,92Co:[i'in-Kickers Reopen Joe McCarthy's Grave, " to
my attentio . I also appreciate the benefit of your observations =_*-- __'
in this regard and your thoughtfulness in affording me advance 5 - FT.-
notice of the "Playhouse 90" feature to be released this fail. ; §§
1.
I T L31ilncerely yours, J
-~. .L_~.._ 1-= t e t- I b 1 cNOTE: We previously wrote tovon November 3, 1958, expres-sin
appreciation for his editorial whic wa,s a' critical analysis of Fred Cool:'s
story in "The Nation, Bufiles reectvprior cordial correspondence with this
newspaper; however, on DEC6mb81E16, i955, an item appeared in this
newspaper which stated that convicted California communists claimed that tht
witnesses who testified against th"L were "pathological liars;-" The nextitem in the column began "That pgologial liar J, Edgar Hoover turned don":
a proposal this week that he become a candidate ublican r identinomination 6 . " This matter was taken up wSAC, LA, since was a personal friend of Monsignor, Robert North,
managing editor of IS papert North stated the article-was intended to be
nothing but lauciatory of the Director and that any criticism of the Director we
the furthest thought from his mind. Director noted "I certainly can't agree
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McCarthy's rad;
This is not a book renew.
It la a review of certain
92le9292ers of at is alleged
be a book.
We'll take the word of
those who have glows-ingly ex-
tolled whst to them is an
epochal production Senator
Joe McCarthy by Richard IL
Rovere.
Apparently it is intended to
give the impression of a docu-
mented objective appraisal of
one oi the most controversial
political figures of this [en-
eration.
Testimony
The reviewers admit that
Rovere has eaeoriated the late
Senator Mcarthy. now dead
more than two Fears, with
about every vile printable epi-
thet in the lexicon. .
Among them are: liar.
"barbarian." thug. bully,
"hum." "'rulgartan." cynic.
"demon." hambooaler. ni-
-tllist. "serea:ner." adh-
ionist. "ogre." dema-
gue." guttersnipe." That:
-hat reviewers aald.
It seems just about to sumIvation that such name-calling
was particularly typical ofCommunist attacks on the
Senator during the days when
he was exposing them.
Now Senator Mt-Carthy la
dead and tame! detend him-
aelt.
The only laugh cornea when
some of the review-on review
the author rather than the
book. -
Some Kudos
The reader tn unbelieving
amazement reads that the au-
thor is a temperate objective
writer. "an acute and breath-
takingly le-.-eiheaded remrter.
Under his dispassionate
gaze, the ltfework of the ogre
from Wisconsin appears in hu~
man perspective for perhaps
the first time. and with a cur-
ious result," wrote Donald
Malcolm in the July 3 New
Yorker.
I-t is not surprising that
he ranted on tor more than
five wlurnns in undiluted
ruptures over lovere who
does a regular feature. Let»
ler from Washington," lorI: section joins the yelpintack. one beg-ins to wonder.
Even New tori Times re-
viewer Anthony Lewis has pic- -
tt1red92Rovere as "without ran-
oor, indeed with an air of al-
most sympathetic curiosity
about the phenomenon that
was McCarthy." '
It ahould be noted to his
credit. however. that while
he lauds the author, he does
not give unqualified approx-
al of the book. albeit for
the wrong implied reason.
What the book lacks is
detailed documentation and
the thorough research that
would be needed to give any
fresh insight into Joseph R.
llcCai-thy."
He can well say that again.
but what he apparently wants
is more damaging evidence.
lneongrnitles
Falling in line with the kit
and caboodle. even such an
eminent intellectual liberal as
John Cogley wrote in the cur-
rent issue of Conunomreal:
Millions are now per-
suaded that lleCar-thy was a
the book. But when nearly every "lib- Ienace to free government
We cannot resist the obser- ra.l" and left-wing publication l-I4 ff" 1ll51"""°!l$- 05"
- > --.....,,.that snag-asine.
I
It/'
92_.
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4
./.
1/
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/jkgjThe Tidings
r a.......1.-...HOS l"92ll5CL92S§,
. July 3, 1959
fisa
ousls. I would include ms-
sell|among them."
Vt will remember to in-
ciud him, but where and by
who have the millions been
so persuaded B5 Rorere or
by pontiiicating John Cogley?
The astounding aspect of
the phenomenon is that
these writers neier seem to
see the lnronzrultles of their
dictum-t.
On the one hand they cori-
sign McCarthy to the deepest
part of the nether regions as
an obnoxious meddler and on
the other hand attribute to
him almost superhuman pow-
ers.
Samples
As Malcolm wrote: "Those
were the days when a single
senator could. and did, eon-
durt an independent f0l'!1£1'i
policy. and was allowed to
make this Republic contempt-
ible in the eyes of Europe"
Then he added. As Mr.
Rnrere points out. the press
was peculiarly helpless to
pe with McCarthy and his
rid."
rie wonders wdhat is the
m ning that reporters "were
I
I.-,' ;' I:
JOSEPH ll. HcCAlTHY
angry about the system that
required them to publish
news' they knew to be fraud-
ulent but prohibited them
from reporting their knowl-
edge of its fraudulence."
Such e-as Segtor !!cC-er-
th!'s power over the press!
Also, "Democrats who op-
posed him were beaten at the
polls. and others quaked."
itEven Rovere ta quoted to
have said in his book: "He
hicCarthy! usurped executive
and judicial authority when-
ei er the fancy struck him."
On Their Heads
Apparently striving to out-
do even the author of the
book, John Cogley reaches
these delirious heights:
For the fact ls that all
kinds of people succumbed
to iicCari.hyism. not oui of
admiration and agreement
--like those hardy followers
of his who are still willing
to Itand up for him [thank
you. John]bi.|t out of tear,
cowardice. complacency or
indifference.
Politicians in both parties
stood in terror of what might
happen to them it they spoke
about him publicly the way
they did privately [or after he
was dead]. Many head's of aca-
demic institutions. clergyrneri,
editors and organization -lead-
ers were just as scared.
Some of them stood on
their heads in order to avoid
any possibility of being tarred
with his red brush, not hesi-
92
s.
.v92
tating to betray friends, subor-dinates, and cherished inci-
ples as well.What a man, um latic-Carthy! '
.Why, Oh Why!
The mystery. if it is a mys-
tery. is why did the book make
its appearance at this paimild why afhcertainy ewers effervescing ovet-it?
/' Does it perhaps tie in with
the attacks an the late John,|,Foster Dulles. J. Edgar H00-
' ver. Lewis L Strauss, Sen.
Eastland. Rep. Walter and
anyone else who dares tastes-
te the led oonsplrle
Rm-ere 1l!lIt!li'ot Sen-
ator H<:Cai*$ys eort to get
facts from the Army in the
Peress case and paasu it oft
as nothing. ' '
By the way. who did pro-
mote Pereos?
Summing up. this whole
business looks from here like
n the citadel of American
onstitutionai democracy.
92.r'indtetiFe'ness IA woman scorned hath?-toEnother pseudotiberal assault
wrath like that of pseud b-
erals
It exception be taken to
this description. lei it be
an-I-that when one§"r"
bird that waddle! like 1
duck, quack; like I luck,
swims like n duck and as-_
e-ociatee 151$ ducks well;
quite naturally one ionns
the Ittspiclol Lhnt I-llll bird
is being influenced by docks.
When this bird sings out the
word "McCarthyism," which IS
well known to have been
mined by the Communists, one
is constrained to think that
this inuence is having it: de-
nred effect.
Last Word
Richard H. Rovere ourish-
es a facile pen, which is never
more at its best than when
dipped in the blood of lome
arm-Communist; reputation
When one reviewer stated
that Revere writes wliholt
bitterness. Indeed. there are
times when Mr. Revere: de-
tachment seems almost pre-
ternaturai. what more can
be llid'.' .
The Kremlin boys ehnnld
give him the award deniedin
Pasternak and confer upon
him Lhe medal of Lenin. ,
And they ma; yet just do
that-lateri-G.N.K.
%--pm-L
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Gar:-
IMO nmnovy Jtor, Icy 15, 1960, contained an article
C 1]1lC. '!e10tor QcCPrtFv detrns 25 Fictions} rrototxe,"
e<tit1e3xTon1ue of Eire. The Director inqwireo,
lrlou ztwo ?rz''cl?" '
~e have not investienteu Frankel and tke
Tftioa it T"re<w files identifiable with him is an
wlicl abiczret in the »:shi13tn1 cveninr Star" on
w¥icP indicoted thet crnest Franke1's hook "Ton¢1el=he rrtiqlc co reote" 01 o new novel written by crncstfrekcl
1 '1"-hat do we
only iofor- qtvrticlc -
Hay 11, ISS5
of Pi ' ha;1
_ rc
been withdrawn Frow outlicrtion by G. r. Putnam's ions. No
cx 1r1:tin1 Ws "ivew by P1tnom's for wlthdrauin F1h11C8tiOH
of tvc nnni. The article further connenteo tizt the author
wrs seeking otters tn wwhlisk his book. 4U-U-Q!
.» "1 _
None. Ttis is for iforwtion.
;'92.b! _
- ,»
- Ir. 3e1mont- b8C1Z10l'1 7 :1'
51
_92]__
Iexplosion: nv WASHINGTON ""
I
U
ictionol Prototype
B! CARTER-I-IDQKE JONES
TONGFE OF FIRE. Br El-__ll-Ir Book Crltlc
nest Frankel. Dial; I4.§5.I 1-1 Du H Du,_.__...?..___ _This explosive WlShl21O
novel, while written e.rounq'
some events of a few y/rarri
ago, could. unlike most cu
tlnn of its genre. be read
without rezsrd to recent
news. simply as a story o!
Capitol Hlll.
It's that exciting. that ab-
aorbinc. althoueh sensational
in cleszen. and 5f'!1'!1f!1l'l"lF.$ de-
6-Cendlng 1:1 its swift pace to
merely slack writing.
The Central Fifure
But no one even vaguely:
informed about recent hrs-
tory could fall to be mlndlul
throughout the long story of
the obvious prototype of the
central gure. whom the
cuthor calls Kane O'Connor,
n Representatlve from North
Carolina.
Maklnrz thus character It
Representative from a
Southern State cannot du-
iulse, even thinly. the man
the author so certalnlv had
in mmd when he sat downen O'Connor heart: -||"'r
deeming trnlt unless it:-' 1t. rnkel belonil to thl=£001. A art by - nothinlt
charm.
ncede
olt in
rt.hysThe author docs
his mm 1 heroic e
the war. Senator Me
toes tried to dlspcr e his
excellent war rccor and
would admit no redeemlnlz
facet 0! his liie from the age
0! B on.
The OConnor oi this novel
ls receiving. as we meet him.
n hero's welcome to his home
t-own, 1 small city. The hand-
Qome youn: man, b0I11b51dl9l
on 1 bomber when lt was set
nre, took the controls as the
crew Jumped and brought it
eetely down and with it n ,-
L _r_ /- lolson ___t4_'
lohr
§f.____
._l_r;:hr_rn
%LW
clone
McGuire _i
-Flosen h
Tornrn
Trotter
W.C- S an _
Tale. Room __
Ingrorr. ___c.
Sandy _____i
kkl 44-
E
ERNEST FRANKEL
of D353. the new COnEI'P-5~-
mar. soon turned av-BE-' from
his home town girl, who was
pliinniriiz their early mar-
riage.
The l'n - American Issue
Darir tell hard for the
charming young Southerner
and worked incessantly to
help him build himself into
the nauonai gure he cov-
eted When he stumbled on
the un~American issue. more
or less bi accident, it was
Dany and oi course Tod.
Kane; shrewd assistant from
the home town. who saw how
it could put him on the news
milp Kane, at Danvs suit-
gesiion. persuaded the con-5E."92BU92'E Congressman willheaded a Government morn
tnrino committee in izive hiKane, a subcommittee to ml]
YES°ci[i'iP alleized 5lJb92E=15lO
in the Government.With the subcommittee at
his command and a fanatical.
scintillating counsel of his
choosing, Kane quick! be-came the favorite subigct oi
headlines and television cam-
eras. The State Department,
he announced. was riddled
with Communists. He would
prove it. But he didn't. Then
he turned on the National
Experimental Center, the
chief Goverrimerit research
activity. and came up with a
quiet middle-aged chief clerk
who in his youth, he admit-
ted, had flirted with commu-
nism and had kept one friend
who was still in the move-
ment. Biit what infuriated
the administration rthen
Democratic. Kanes party of
course» was that subcommit-
bee sleuths had stolen the
personnel records of the
agency, !rhich were under
wraps. There were demands
in the House tor the expul-
sion of Kane. and a resolu-
tion was oered.
The Periect Scoundrel
Kane turned out to be a1-
moet 100 per cent I-coundrei.
He wheedlod large sums
from wealthy persons for his
crusade and devoted some of
them w settling his private
debts He used every friend
in whatever way seemed to
his advantage. He couldn't
be true to his devoted Dariy,
but often ipped up to New
York t-o be with a glamorous
call girl who had a highly
selective clientele.
Kane would be a more
persuasive character ii he
had even a thin layer oi vir-
-¢
!tuea somewhere inside his
cit crusi-- oi viciouaneae.
eople are seldom all bll-ck
white. senator Mccarthy
ay have been very little an
is pictured Ln his personal
1ii'e bl the average liberal.
And yet so completely does
the author lo into Ka.nea
mtridhe coma to believe in
himself through a aort of
ael!-hypnosi-3-that we feel.
in spine of aii his dereiiciiona,
a certain sympathy for him
as political and personal
tragedy stalks him.
Mr. Frankel, a New Yorker
who graduated from the Uni-
versity of North Carolina, I'll
on duty with the Marine! in
Washinzton and during the
Korean war and attended
many congressional heartnn.
His account of the war thlnaa
are done on the Hill ls mostl! P
ite accurate. This la tho
their: second novel. His
st. Band of Bro!-hers,"
ut the Korean war, was
ll received.
i
ll 1?l l l l W.C.Fullivc1n__,
K
i
, 3r. I
92
4
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Mohr
PG?S0n5_______
E-elrnont ____,_
Callahan _____H
DeI__occh
Malone
McGune
P-osen
Tum __ ___,_
Tiolllr _______.__
Tele. Room __._
Inqrarr. Q___W_
Saniy
The Wcrshll-.1315? Fosf cmd
Times Horcli
The Wuuhlnqtcr: Dcfly News ___i
The Evehinq Star l
New York Hercllc Tétlgne i__
New Yolk Jo1.rn:l---An'.e:'l':un _,_____
New York M1rrcri_ _
New fog: L: T.---~'s,_
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_-,;,. __ _ _ Ii
_- 4/ r _-=__'5',;l_~__ '1 L1.I 9! /:J!J' -J --7 October 6, 1960
'a"h.'
Dear
Your letter dated September 28, 1960, has been
received.
Although I would like to help you, information in
the files of the FBI is maintained as confidential by a regulation
oi the Department d Justice. This Bureau, Iurthermore, is
strictly an investigative agency ci the Federal Government and,
as such, does not make evaluations or comments concerning the
character or integrity of any individual, publication or organization.
You may wish to refer to national news magazines and other references
on file in your local public library for the information you desire.
Blncerely yours,
, MAh.EL'J 10.K " - ts I963 I
L;-¬-l°°MM'FB John Edgar Hoover
llrector
I
I92
92sdl¢q
LT. J. Edger Hoover
Federal Bureau of Investigation
¥esnington, D. Ci
Dear Mr. Hoover:
Showing my opinon, I h chosen to write to you concering1 rt 5 tn In e discussion I have the ate Senator Jose i Ic Car j. ,
taken the position that Ec"U§rthy was nothing more than another
Hitler laithongh, of course, not quite so successful!.
I should like information to prove or disporve my contention,
from your office r from any other source. Would yeu be so kind
as to funnish me such information or to tell me where Icouli find such information? Thank yg.~ "'_*'_ "*-__k9292
YOUT V
I- ....
U !
K?
Minnesota
I
u
September 28, 1960
L1 9&2; -- /~<"s @3113 ' ' ___,____ ___'___ "
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--_-92_.! "T!I-92 . ,. . eai ~ = " 1 :5 =»__________,._.i _.i.~._e K - E
I
C7I have received your letter of Novembefl
regarding a statement made by the late Benator IcCarthy§ ,
in which he indicated that he had access to oicial reportof Q
the FBI.
The tiles of this Bureau are confidential and you
may be assured that no ieP¬!i'ts of the FE were tuiished to
Senator McCarthy by any of our employees. I regret that I am
unable to be oi service to you, however, as an investigative
agency oi the Federal Government, the FBI does not make
evaluations or draw conclusions as to the character or integrity
oi any individual, publication or organization. g _
. : 1/ . .- '
erel ura ll - /I mates 9 I Bum Y yo ' / //, K ;_-it _ i 1960 U. Edgar Hoover I '
I c9yi92i.::a 1:
F---i__,_;
NOTE: Buies contain no record identifiable with
Memo of C. I-I. Stanley to Rosen,dated 9/23/60, enti e i i eo a , t.
Governor of Wisconsin, Information Concerning" indicates that we conducted
ailoylalty investigation on Nash in 1951. In 1952, Senator Joseph McCarthy
ni-'lndé" biatQment in a Senate pee-rch alleging disloyalty on the part of Nashnd indicated his ini0rmati<§¬'came&IQi1IFQ1 files. Correspondent 1S' 4&1 ierrig in his letter to this specific speech by Senator McCarthy. Consideiy -#1 H,
E L4
J
so
ie
.J'I|"1Ihle publicity has been given Enator McCarthy's remarks during the recent
_If.'jTl oliticail campaign in Wisconsin, and previous inquiries similar to that of
om ve been received. Each has been acknowledged with replies
similar to this. fLi lo! "'92 :1 M? avg '5.;ETi"FZ UNIT H _ 9292 __i92,9292 "
Mi,.1
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Mr. '1".'"r.v'1
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7' T . D92-Q -g.
__i
City of Industry, California_ __ .r-__.___,______m
28 1961 has beenDear
Your letter oi February _-, __ _ , _,
received, and the matter to which you refer is not within
the investigative jurisdiction of the FBI.
Our files are maintained as confidential in
accordance with a regulation of the Department of Justice.
_ I hope that from this you will not infer either that we do
or that we do not have information in our flies relating to
the subject of your letter. lam unable to refer you to a
urce from which it can be obtained. so
Sincerely yours,
5- F5-5=Ti1loov-er
- Q. i
' 4 - e had cordial correspondence in the past with
' American Legion Convention- ~NOT . We havw As a result of the Director s
' ' ech in Miami Beach, he requested 100 copies of it which were
60.l C
7. _ forwarded tolhim 12-27-] Y?! lvl-- 1 ' A 1-
W 92
-- ?"= Hr?"-I r" "'.:~
~___%{
1*?
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, Cm.vmy
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Mr. R ~_=en ___.
, Tnvel ,4.-
February 28, 1961
Tele. Piuum .___
Mr. lr.;1.m . .___
Miss
Mr. J. Edgar Hoover
Director
Federal Bureau of Investigation
Washington 25, D.C.
Dear Yr. Hoover:
Last Wednesday evening I heard a speech deiivered by a gentleman of
our comunity who is considered well-informed on the subject ofComunism. He spoke on the Communist threat to the United States. I gI
Later in the evening I was introduced to this gentleman and in the .4
course of our conversatio he asserted that there was some area of Ifdoubt that Senator Josephghcarthy died of natural causes. It was
his understanding ¬Has EBé §ess1ar's wife had requested an autopsy
be performed on her deceased husband because of the strange circum
stances surrounding his sudden death. This was denied. The death . ~ 7-
certificate signed by the doctor attending the senator stated "Died I
of causes unknown", the inference being that Senator McCarthy had 3 "
been poisoned. -I '
Is your office in a position to send me the facts on this case? If
not, would you advise where such information could be obtained?
Many thanks for your courtesy in replying. L
1 ,_ 9I92
-a .Z¬i-"3...-3.- /<57
:5 MAR 14 I961
""
. "92
7 w
FACTORIE5 O CITY OF INDUSTRY. CALIFORNIA O CAMBRIDGE CITY. INDIANAt Mr. Tolsnn 1.
Parsnns __I
1 '1
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REG El / -, ; , / .»- '; ___V -V _w ,
' -b"92 1..
Q1
bany Avenue
Amityville, Long Island, New York
My dear Sisterfra . £-ii?
I have received your letter dated March 8 1961and the interest which prompted your conunicating uith me
is appreciated.
While I would like to be of assistance, the juris-
diction and responsibilities of the FBI, strictly an investigative
agency of the Federal Governlent, do not extend to furnishing
evaluations or comments concerning organizations, publications
or individuals. I an sure you will understand the necessityfor this polic and will not infer that we do or do not have
in our fi es t e information you desire.
_In view of your interest in the internal security
oi the_Un1ted States, I an forwarding sole literature concerning
communism which you may like to read.
Sincerely yours,
_a-- _ " -'*""'_1
r'*=_.iezri -- 1*_j 92 John Edgar Hoover_ r:,_: g Director
Enclosures - 5
is
' 13115 QN IELJAQW: _ _ _ _ _Correspondent, who is working on her :lasters .,dissertation, re nests the Bureau to evaluate the accuraciof Senator JosephqleCarthy s accusations against eighteen
Q;;** " individuals including Drew_Pearson, John Carter Vincent,@~@~;_, __ William Remington, 0ten'_I.2lttiiore and,-John Stewart Service.Yiilifee Due to the nunbtr of names nent1on§d,9292hey are not being1;j=~- docunented.'Buf les contain no ie tifiable references to
h-i..1-' .._.._ ,1-" , 92_EMF _._.__ ..___._.--.-._-... _.._.-.
_.r=~. _.._..i...__ RUTH L'.UNI'.lNUlJ PAUB
3915 ON LL05 : CQ11Q§D:¥EThe4?0 ow1ng Ifens of literature are being sent
to the correspondent:
Ir:Communi§t Taret - Youth _One N&I10'S esponse to Conmun1sm'
He: te Beat Cemmunisz'I I I Uam;-w Duplm
TRUE COPY t
Queen of the Rosary Convent
Albany Avenue
Amit ille Long Islandmrchws, 1961
J. Edgar Hoover
Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Washington, D. C.
Dear Mr. Hoover,
accusations in these particular cases, if possible.
I
é_ At present I am wing on my master's dissertation.
My subJect is Senator Josep cCarthy and since he is such
a controversial figure, the task is not easy. In order thatI might do an obyective report I would ap reciate your evaluationon t e accuracy and validity of Senator Jgseph McCarthy's
' John Stewart Servigg 16. Willim T. Stone
Edward Posniak 11. Phili JeSSlJpEsther Brunaugr 12. OWCB Eattimore _
Stephen Brunauer 13. John Patton Davies
Peveril Meigs 14. John Carter Vincent
Hans Lansber 15. Drew PearsonOliver Edmung Clubb 16. Lauchlin Currie
William Remington 17. Dorothy Kenyon
V. Lorwin 18. Haldore Hanson
I regret any inconvenience that this will causeyou but know t at I would be most grateful for this and any
other information that you could give.
Thank you for your kind attention to this matter
Sincerely,
,/5/
E 91.W /'
I
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,_ ' _ _ /4; January 10, 1062Z v-A * T/I 5; K; - Sr Xi. _l ,. '
b""l Q___ __
° " -
Your letter 0! January 5th has been received, and
the interest which prompted you to write is appreciated. _Co lege Station, Texas
Although I would like to be of service, the FBI has
no material available for distribution relative to the individual
about whom you inquired; .A.e e matter oi lo:-.gstandir-.g policy,
/ I am unable to recommend any books other than those prepared
by this Bureau or myself; however, I would like to suggest that
you should find some literature dealing with the subject of your
inquiry at your local public or school library.
Enclosed are several items on communism you may
wish to read.
Sincerely yours,
3.?---=92 EL Edgar ~ if l
r_ _|I
'J:li'y' 1 I 1952 John Edgar Hoover if
mrmwrsz Director
a Enclosures ! IDirector's 12-7-61 Criss Award Speech "The Faith To Be Free" _
The Deadly Contest
v Director's 4-17-61 Internal Security Statement
_;' .4fj_r_ jj The Communist Party Line
" -~~~---- Three-Part Series from Christianity Today, The Communist Menace
" Hi NOTE: Bules contain no information identifiable with correspondent.
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}@ r1ncerely
e1'*.r-; 5;» *
Yours very trulv
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In -1i=9
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and I appreciate from you an
your interest in writing.
With reference to your requeit, it is a pleasure
to enclose a copy oi a clipping from "The Evening Star,
D. C., oi August 26, 1953, which I hope will be Wasltington,
oi help to you.
Sincerely yours,
l U. Edgar Hoover K/IMA|-ib2 .92
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COMM-FBI
1%Enciomre
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.d1y the son of forme
have had cordial relations.
the pa tin response to___ whom we"-- has been sent to correspondents in
for the Director's ersonal opinion of Se tor McCarthy. "1-~» # requests
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their
no one
f Hisreciate frcm you is your
of Senator McCarthy and
1 as a Unitej States
, give full credit to your
my way quote the: out of context
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Mom mm12"! c;.ar es on, South Carolina V
Pearl
Your letter of February 22nd has been _
received.
Although I would like to be of assistance,
i formation in FBI files must be maintained as confiden-n
tlal through a regulation of the Department of Justice.
Please do not infer either that we do or do not have data
in our files relating to the subject oi your inquiry. I
regret I am unable to help you. It is suggested you may
' wish to write directly to the United States Senate Committee
on Government Operations, Washington, D. C. , for the
information you seek.
Enclosed is some literature dealing with the
general topic of communism which I trust will be Kfinterest
" 2to you. 3; _T,
Sincerely yours,I=1»m
we
. 4- 1
,, .-mm - :5 3302 John Edgar Hoover E" ' L;H l uunuwui Director
Enclosures !
The Courage Oi Free Men - Dbrector's 2-22-62 speech
Let's Fight Communism Sanelyl
The Communist Party Line
Evan {
Mai 4+' D"? One Nation; Response To Communism
ween 4....._i,I W.Jlll --
Ave!
i"==: _
= "quiz __L_
J! __'_.i_-Elm T
,,, w ' -l | *'WI'1IlI aw--Q
I
6K.
NOTE: Bufiies containéa record identifiable with correspondent.
The late Senator Joseph cCarthy was appointed in 1953 as
chairman of the United States Senate Government Operations
LOITIIHLILBE and headed its Iéiii subcommittee on investigations
I *2-
AK; -r--"" "FE
TQ.
I
by j
Charleston, S. C.
February 22, 1962
Mr. J. Edgar Hoover,
Federal Bureau of Investigation,
Washington, D. C.
Dear Mr. Hoover:
Re: McCarthy - House Un-American Activities
Committee
I would appreciate your helping me if you can. Any literature
or information you may give will be appreciated.
In a discussion of Senator'lcCarthy's investigation of communism
I was challenged to show one instance wherein a person inves-
tigated was proven to be a communist, either at the time of
the investigation or subsequently.
If you have any information in your files which would help me
to justify this investigation, which I believe was extremely
worthwhile, I would thank you to let me have same.
With kindest regards, I am
Ewan b_I
J
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.. usmuu; ,m¥52 1*Y|?f19Bv9W~.e; » .._..__ /Mf
my 10, 1967
/
/Q /, r
.Q A-Rociuord, linois 103
Dear
in respw * he to your idier of May 6th, information
in our files must be maintained as confidential pursuant to regu-
lations of the Department of Justice. I am sure you will understand
the reason for this policy.
Enclosed are two booklets pertaining to the activities
of the FBI which I hope you will find of interest.
GI-up 4-ecn-I--0 nun-nan-an *"i~--?_
' ** nun; cs 1:1] yuuz a,MAILED 6
iU_It...;;'
CO_|!/.M-rt!I
Enclosures !
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TRUE COPY
Mr. Hoover,
I would like to make a request for some
information.
" I am making a study of the cases of Senator
Joe McCarthy, and I think you may be able to help me. I am
under the impression that the F. B. I. had a lot to do with
McCarthy, and that he depended upon you for information.
The kind of info that I'm looking for is anything
that may have concerned McCarthy in any way.
I would appreciate it very much if I could recieve
anything at all that may be of some benefit to me.
Send to:
92_~_
5, I ., -k., 4; -, Thank you,
i 1
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Eon. J. Edger Hoover :7
Director, Federal Bureau of
Investigations
Department of Juetice
washington, D. C.
Dear Mr. Hoover: ., I
. ,, ,,,,,..___. IL-ITI'.._'. 1-_. an-I-n
_92w§??-Michael Associates is enonsoring
the 12th Annual Memorial Mass for senator logepg
saturdey, May 3rd. The Mess will be
Patrick's Cathedral, New York City, _McC&rthy on
he15 0t~$L.
at 1 P.H§ Luncheon will follow at the New York r
Hilton Hotel.
I em extending en invitation
guest et this effelre I know,
whet e heavy burden you carry and how
are. For that reason, if you are not
come I will look forward to receiving
which can be reed to those gathered on thi
occasion.be our
I look forward to e reply
Ree
DI
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4R9to you t
however;
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able to
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Dear
Your letter to Mr. Hoover was received on
April ind while he is la an utencled travel status. I will,
the:-eiore, not be possible tor him to accept your invitation
omnaocodltoIyou:'reque.
' $1m=@-P01? rm-1'8.
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Becrdary
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list
Crlm
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- DEPARTHENTOF umronv January 21» 1974
0" ..
Mr. James C. Ferrington
External Affairs Division
Federal Euresu of Investigation
Washinvtcn D C. ' ' "" A R 777: Ca,/3 71/Dear lr. Farrington: -' g cf? _ ,__,,
In November, I had read a Egg York Times story reporting
that the Attorney General had agreed to permit interested scholars
to secure access to the FBI's investigative files. Being an
historian specializing in post-World war II politics and internal
se security matters, I greeted that news with keen interest.
My major research interest centers on the important internal
security cases and congressional investigations oi the Truman
years. Noting, however, that researchers must pay for the cost
of FBI personnel reviewing the files and that the cost for the
Rosenbcrgs file was estimated as being $5,000 and the Hiss file
as being $12,895, I thought it appropriate first to ascertainthe approximate cost of files I would begnterested in researching
and, ii possible, the foot length of the e files.
The iiles that I would be interested in beyond the Hiss
Rosenbergs files include: the Amerasia case, Elizabeth
tley, Louis Budenz, Whittaker Chambers, the Communist Eleven
who went to trial in the Dennis case, Judith Coplon; and any
files you have dealing with your correspondence, interviews,and responses to requests from the House Committee on Un-AmericanAcgivities, the Internal Security Subcomittee of the SenateJu iciarj Committee, and Senator Joseph R. McCarthy. _3 :1 -_ _ _ .~_.-4-miand
an
If you could, gfveh me a cost breakdown for ealKNb¥E¥he§EH}requests. Ii it is int feasible to give me an exact Hhqgpbnedlibwn
I would appreciate a rough estimate as, for example, the totalrequest would run in the range of xthousand to ythousand-&e&tar§TT
Thank you for your assistance, I remain
Bsa "T' '$F'"-"Q Sincerely yours,
14 I974I
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Athan Theoharis
i Associate Pro£essor'
5 American HistoryT>92
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xarqueLc¢ Lnivcrsiay-.
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:2_ -1-
132? Hurt Wisconsin Avenue
Vilwuukmu, Visconsin 53233
Bear hr. ThcoharisxFebruary ll, 1974
Your 1etLe: of January 21st to Hz. Jarns C.
Farrinqtcn. rccueetinq a brc¢kdewn cf esti~at¢d costs
infrfltion in our files ruqardinq various suljects. LQB
pdcn truuqht to ry attention.
For your assistance, I av czclnsinc a con; of
anural Order 522-73, which scta forth Snrnitutcd
cqaxcin zhw Frocdor of In*¢rrati0n Lat. ?ur- L
1:1» 3*, Crgn cf ?eG"ral Pcuulacions, $mCtiCh
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and ncruunirq our tec0rd¢. List¢é
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in .::ati:n which can be furnished
fc low v -~ ;;uals or groups:
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Hr. Athan Theoharig
In order to initiate processing of any of the above
subjects, a deposit is required in advance. A check or money
order should be made payable to the Treasury of the United
states: hcwever, payment cf deposit should not be interpreted
as a guarantee that you will be furnished all of the material
you requested.
If you desire any of these requests processed,
please indicate in writing your willingness to pay fees as
high as are anticipated and enclose a deposit as indicated
in this letter. Thereafter, we shall acknowledge receipt
of your denosit and begin the necessary processing, as soon _
as pcssible.
Sincerely yours,
C.92L Kwl
Clarence M. Kelley
Director
Enclosure
NOTE: Bufiles reflect that one Athan Theoharis was active
in lobbying efforts against the U l in
in J 5 2 D 23 -11 oas-
y was
-¢-ve of the Intelligence Division. .
,._
1
sww-=:c&c>ms3<92 92' 92QQQ3@L.n4_
1 FILE NUMBEZJR O§- Q 92
SECTION NUMBER___ _ ___ ___ _
4//4?
k
92-~ -
7
--oi
obqt/ix _y/ Q35.i e fl '
II-I-I-I;~¢|II1Inn@924
0]f!EC8 2VI67720;tl;.JZ¢7?2 - UNITED STli"lib.tC}_OVERNMEljT
Qt e yo»--Ii,T0 | L'R= D: L/= LADD . J ' / plygg; September 110,
hunnl92 ;c§:::.W
"° ' us. A. s. ..'2" . ;"::~e
T 2 I -, Z2.'.'.i;
lniI_c OALLEGED ivrsctosuss or cmssrrr _ {rosu4g1_o} - {',1;'_';.';,,;
or SE."h'A roe L'cCA.HTHY »-=1---~
"The Evening Star," September-ll, 1953
ESPIONAGE - "1 y I, _¢nnqur;
____l_ " r f
I
"The Evening tpi-h", I *2}-noton, D. 0., of September 11, 1953,contains an Gl;?EQtion,% the é9?ct that Senator McCarthy disclosed
classified information of the Department of the Army in releasing thefull tert 2% an intelligence study on the "psychologi al and culturedtraits of ouiet Siberia," made in January, 1952, infj3§ the Far East
Command. It is said McCarthy made public portions of the document
previously calling it "the best Communist propaganda I have seen in
a long time. The article alleges the cover of the intelligence study
contains the following;
"This docunent contains information affecting the national
defense of the United States within the meaning of the espionage
laws. Title 18, U. S. Code, Sections 793 and 794. The trans-
mission or the revelation of its contents in any manner to an
unauthorized person is prohibited by law."
The study was reportedly marked "Restricted - Security
Information." It is noted this is the lowest of the security
classifications employed by the military services.
, 92i T 173 Senator McCarthy sharply brushed aside the charge he had
F I d rit in releasing the docu ent. Senator McCarthy isuiolat- secu yquoted as saying, "Neither the Army no anyone else can hide dishonesty,corruption and Communism behind any,$ mp of secrecy." The article is
attached for your informationbr 9_ in I
SE 4 'i t;-e2e?=- -/
Attachment
92 _ .'1/P-"~2/-L'2~ ._,-Q;§a cl ' . 'b-4-aii? /7!éy rw¢4:}; { I D' .4;I-_ -";. , ' .'Q;i5 ~ ~- " Q» -;;*'92-4¬v""92.'~Zvp5 u~J-¢--92. 'é'i-ii.-{Ea-.=.v7i¢/!_k I Q 1 W CiThe above is for your information. Ie are taking n, _ action in this matter unless instructed to the contrary. - b?
9292_ Q,
. . , , 92,
92--45-I
hc ARTHY BARED
yer, SEPTEMBER 11, 1953SEVENTY-TWO PAGES. t'.'r:.t...";'.;:"¢i , K. ,,_
. L Q 1,! '
101st Year. I92'o.2-54. Phone s'r.3-5000 WASI-Il192'GTON, D. 0.. FRII0-19
Tolson
Ludo ___m_._h
Nichols _,__
Bel|nont__i
Cfegg _.?__._
Glenn _
Heebo
Roaen_...__
Tncy.-_i.
Llughlin _.__._._
Hohr__i___
'interrc|wd Z
Tele. Rm. .i
||O|Iomln__
GandY----
tt EC RE TS, ARMY
loath}! late; lve:.:t:g end lundlr |i'rr>,_ 5 fX x130. .-Dal can 65;. ?-.¢:.'.I'.r.|_1uc A651-J-dbl ,
1
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iTo Senator r_i-.1;
Violalion aidr
Document Contained-
Ked Propaganda,
Legislator Retorts
The Army today chuzed Ben-
etor McCarthy with li.t5ClO5iItl
!'C$'!'iCLOd security tniormation
tn violation of the espionnie
llws. but the W15consi.n Repub-
lican red right back with I
blast of ms own |,92
Arm! spokesmen made their.i
- '13 frtside the cover of the d -
merit. these words appear:
foxrnation necttni the nntio at
de.ense of the United S a
92t'i*..n the meanin: of the esp;onhge laws Title 16. L' S Code,
Sections I93 and 794 The trum-
mission or the reveiauon of ltl
contents. tn my manner tn en
urtnuthortzed Derson is prohibit-
ed by tn."
Marked Reitrie ted .
The stud!-' In marked "Re-
stricted-security Infrmatich "
"Restricted" ts the lowest of net'-
erai secrecy cllssifications em-
ployed by the mtlttan-' services.
The Army Blid that it was de-
ciassityina the document trorn
its resmcted status non". but em-
phasized that this was done oni!
"es a result of prior disclosure"
Senator McCarthy sharply
brushed aside the chlrge that
he hid violated IICIJFIU tn re-I--rinn lb-in ah-v-Hanan! I-I; natal.ucncuug nu: uu-92_uun..uu- nu; in-|
ht: Senate Investigations sub-
committee hes received "less co-
operction from the mtliury in
dI""'¢D§ out Communists thanThis document conta1ns£-
9 " 3-" other branch 0! the
' ent E
her the Army nor tny'
se." the Senator ldded.
hide dishonesty. corruption
. communism behmd eny
lump or secrecyu
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Insh. Post-mi
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Iesh. Scar Z
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Bo '.hi= A:r'r._92 1r.it= $.:r r."."
u yi--T: s'.:ii-iai_i'_t_;__; <*.' ii.
S»:,¢iu: .'92lrC¢i;tr.1;~ IT-'.".".'.'J
that L15 in'.e11.t*er.ee stun"-" -ta a
Ql"'E° 0. Cr~:i".rn;:r.::'. pr: ;i;=-__ir.r:i= '
The Arms said that ii the
charzrnag. of the Senate 1r.te<ii-
ga'.ior.s s.ib:ornrriittee had re-
leas-eo the lt1lrTEDOI'L--IJB1'1.lCU-E
]E1l_92 its concluwon-lnFtPad of
only the rst TD pages. the true
purpose of the document at-o'_.d
have beer. plain
The psipt=e of tl.I' F1-d.92 1*
ole-arZ92 s-1 io:th in the io'.lot92-.i".R
extzact from its prerr>_hie" To
deieitip an LlF.C"£TBf.'i.".2 of
the Soviet peopfe d~I.lCh £2 be
IT-illtBT';I92 useful in case of.
35- the A:.':'.'- sax!
The P011. ef :.*.e- :-1;l;:t vil..t.'i.
oerzoed Senator McCiir'.1".'., it
was expla YTC new de;.:rr-rl to
de.~.:1.be the a'.::'.ui:'- of the
5022" t?:i:*r. i
1' < 0l
a
F
. i. D'i.Zi'.~ 1: ti 1:" r.§r"<-J &SBT§ 1l'.5'._.'f"; JT. C. '~.."T5 Bid
me-:. .ri t.'..- Ft-C car.:.-.- unlit-'0
without a't'.Pmp'.;nR to enter the;
m.rid and ti.-0;:-kt D.'0."P5§¬'.92 oi
the R'tJ":1&!'. ci'..:=r. the D-P-'
partmeh: 53:6 "To unce stand-the rr.:.".d of the So"-it-f J.1;zPr..|
it is essentiai to cc:.:t: t.".C:
C rnmunist propzrarida 92AhlCh'
p' j-"s such an :n'.p*"_ar.'. role in
s ezrt t. .a'. ri'.:r.c "
i5ee ii-iec-ta_'ii~i§. Pm A-6!
? McQo.rthy I
Continued From Firs". Page
urnent. ilnored by _8-enat
McCarthy. to which the Arm?
called particular att.ent;or._ was
as follows;
"The Amerigari viewpoint of
lite in the Bot-ie: Union i-email-5
valid in all essentials The Soviet
citizen ![ij0}'! neither the ]ibert!"
nor the civil T181115 "mm '9
cherish at? insist upon as a
jqiiuril ifiuf;-Ta'"i¬n't Oi Hill men
The tree Itorker in the Boiiet- .,... . it ._lie concluding potiaor. of thai1-ii
I"ni-or. is as mus? chained to his
JUL» and local a:ea as is the cor.-
vltt He has no voice in deter-
m;r..nrz h;~ plate oi work, work-
ing conditions or aage i
His onl- id92'dDllIP over the;
comict is that he can live With
his family and can avend his
limited income as he aces t He
has no redress against a harsh
authoritarian xoternmeni. He 151
Ioibidden to F815! his voice in'
:riticisrn_ to detelop independent
ueuis or to acquiie unbiased in-'
toimation. His voting rights are
a t.:a92esty on the ideals and pur-
poses of democracy He enioys
no ackrioviledged I'lEh'-.8 for his
periiriri lite oi propeIi!~' He is
til" helpless prisoner of a slate
state As was noted DTC92'lDt1$]}'.
suci. an EXl5'.PTlCP aould be in-
tolerable to Al."ll¬I'iC3l~ Ameri-
car. tiaditioias and beliefs mili-
tate aaaznst ever! facet of iot-
ei-r.i-nent actitiiy iri the L S B R
'B:.tish and American Com-.
munist aympathizera who visit
the L B E R nearly always re-
turn in bitter disillusionment
'1"riei'e is no better antidote for
radicalism "
ienator McCarthy": answera-ts that the Arm! document
is -95 per cent Communist Drop-i
I
ID4'DBr'tment. testified that ag
United NlL;0!'5"I'B':192'd --. ",7
T11" lround" for Commmaigi,
l¬tlt'it}'_
Mr. Lautner named one "am"-
ken ¬ommtin.Llt" amployqj by
I-he U. N. aa Noel R.emq_ Th.
subcommittee members aaig H;
RQIIIBB had not been tdentmqg
I-Ii ll-F previous heartnga aa gg.
ini a Communist. '
Mr. Lautner aaid u; My-_
Rlmes. a member of the Poliah
ata at 1.11; U_ NH ind been .
hih omcial oi the CornmumatSI F1! for a number 0! year; and
-is in asslsiai-ii ICLELDT or the
DIl't3"I publication "Political
-Ali.'ra."
Nine Former; Honored
TOPSFIIELD. Mass. B¢pi__ 11_
UP-.Nine farmer: aith a total
°! '3 Years tn Iarmin; Igfg
bimred by the Essex amwi.
lilrll B-octet? yesterday at gt,
1"o,seid Fair. Among the ntnl
I Mrs Ellen Fluaaeil, I0, a
D .'~e.'s, who haa been tare
fo 5' v;7 tins; W if é
an cit" and about S DP-' "F-'
"a an on the wrist lillhE'.
corr ..r..s.rr:. vheii called to l-aslt. the
Arm} cites the small 5 per cent,
the Er-aim. saii I
He -sazc he had found un-
fortunately-i, the Army todai is
doing iahat they did under the
old Truman administration " He
aaid that iahile there is a bet-
ter attitude aince President £1-15¬l'.hDV~{'T took omce. "the P0111"
teal carry-oiers are atill func-
tioriing to cover up PTORCZ I-11¢
ia"hiteviash."
[frge-a Full Scale Probe.
I He said he t-.!'iou.I1lit there1 tines-Herald0-19
Tolaon
Ladd ii
Nlthols ____
Belmont i
Clegg ____
Glaviu __,_____
Hark- __
Roaeu ii
Trary ____,,,____,___
Laugblin _;_
Hohr __i..._
Tinterroad _._
Tele. Rm. ___
Holloman_____
Gandy_i______
lanuiiiii be a ziiii acale Lnvesti-
[IUOD or the matter and I-aid
he would place it before his
subcommittee for a decision.
As his battle 92'lth the Arm!-'
razed on. Senator McCarthy I11-
nounced a aerles of hearins
atanmg Monday in New York w
look into employment of Ameri-
can Communists Ln the United
Nati ns.: Hg made the announeemem
lftll a former Communist Part?
|fUl'N_UOI'iw' gr. Lautner, 51.i at lg-ion gr, gmp.o§"e of the Ju. leti i W _ _ .Wash. Post ____
Wash. News
Wash. Star _________
N.Y. Herald Tribune ___
N.Y. Mirror
N.Y.Cmas
ip S1» _
Date:
IV,
1/ $3
92 _
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Nich___ H _ _ 0-19r .. ; -E - - W as l Tolson 7..-
add_?_"/l-
°t"":¢-7
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P*_I
.S".11.-rLL TEJIPESTS "*7"
TWO ados about nothing are tied to-
_ £?"_tt--[ 1:. the current squabble between
Sen Joe ¢I _ikt!Y-'._92' and the Army.
The Army charges that Joe violated a
law uhen he disclosed the partial contents
of a restricted document styled "Psycho-
logical and Cultural Traits of Soviet Si-
berm." 92§"hich the Senator called "the best
communist propaganda I've seen in a long
time."
T119 military may be correct in claiming
that Joe violated the espionage act when
hf HZHOTQU 8 printed warning against the
publication of this material. But if so the:¢_92rIn! was guilty of an abuse of privilegg,fin tagging this document with a restricts
abel. A lot of those labels border on the
ridicuious, including this one. i
On the other hand, if Joe considers this
treatise the best communist propaganda"
he-s seen in a long time. either he isn't n
good judge of propaganda or he hasn't
been doing mud: reading of late. Because
it isn't propaganda at all. It's simply an
attempt to explain P.u-<.<ian psychology, and
seems to do a pretty good Job of it.
A lot of people might profit by reading
iteven Lt Joe did miss the point. And ht
might get it if be would read it again. I
It: legal now, too, because the re-tricted" label has been cancelled.
-, _' _;:>;""'//./ 92 aBetmonvt4_,4__'_Q
C12 _i_
Glavin_i-
Hntbo _Z-
Rosen -___-_--
Triey i-
Gnrty i-
llohr -?_-
Winterrowd _.-
Tele. Room ._
Hotlomln _._
dy ._
M"
Times-Herald __.....
lash. Post .____
lash. News
lush. Star ___-
N.Y. Herald Tribune _._.....
N.Y. Mirror .___-
.._
.
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s- _~_
92-
an ,
I r
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/ | ."92
Tim .»l rm _92"s Werik Reed k
'T'l*92n ArmL' - l1k:L'- In tmnlrl nut I |'92JHnr Illll if H 1.... . i; Y'all JIUVU I-92J a-in-an llul - IJRLILI s.-;-. u ae-
exprrts to prove that Senator McCarthy has compro-
mised national security by quoting from an intelli-
gcnre document on the So"-iet L'nion. If the pamphlet,
Psyrlioingiral and Cultural Traits of Soviet Russia,
really had an important bearing on national security,
it should have had a higher classication than "re-
stricted '
T0 581-' this is no. to sympathize with Senator McCar-
thy-'s designs. The Senator: charge that the pamphlet
in questicn smacks of clearcut Communist props,
gar.da" is poppycock It was intended by the Par East-
ern Cornrnsnd aa'a guide for limited distribution to
olcera who might have to handle occupation problems
in Russia in time of war. Some of the statements
seem Woolly when quoted out of context, but the docu-
ment has to be judged hy its over-all purposeto
cor.»-"es" an understanding of the feelings and motiva-
tions of the Russian people. It also appears that
Senator Mt-Carthy carefully refrained Irorn releasing
f-arts oi the pamphlet that give it perspectlveuot-ably:
i
the statement that the average Soviet citizen lives and
works almost like a convict.
It la also true that the publicity by Senator McCar-
thy I'll] give the Russians a propaganda sounding
board. Like the compromised diary of General Grow,
this will lend itself to anisrepresentation as proof of
American aggressive designs, ll it does not encourage
Russian neuroses. In this sense, clearly, Senator
McCarthy's new search for headlines at the expense
nf eh. lrrnv Isle ha!!! iI'i' lfilti1| vs --92. 1-1|...-; --.1 .1-.-.. .-.,_.._......
But the initial fault still was that of the Army.
"Restricted" 1| the lowest security classication; as
a practical matter it is often used merely for eon-
venience, and material of this classication la pub-
icized every day. With the wholesale abuse ofsecret" and "condential" classications. it will bi
srd to cont-int-e anyone that there is vital materia
in a document marked only "restricted"
IK { ah;-_-
£1V.
Times-Herald
lash. Post
ash. News
Fash. Star
N.Y. Herald
N.Y. Mirror0-19
Tolson 7-Z-LaddNici'ft!1%§-,_-r
Beiml:>nt£§4c;¢.92
Clegg.__-_
Glaein-y.-_-Z
Harbo ..__-_---
Rosen __i
Tracy _._-_
Gearry _.-__
Iilohr:__-
Iinterrowd __
Tele. Room _
Holloman _-_
Miss Gandy _
4 O
I
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_....-.-.-.---
¬_.__-1
Tribune
i....._--
_ -Tim .._.___ __ _ I.______- '~._-
SEN. McCARTl-IY VIEWS
WITH ALARM ./
Sen lt1eCal*ih§' has turned up ao much
ll"-5'---?4Li=l>§Z~ 1-l>t'ful eiidcnce on COT|'I'L_i]"il51,
permtratiori of the government that we re-
giet to see him pursuing what looks like a
aronit trail. The senator has turned from
hi! disroieries of Corrirnunist httlt'1[_92_r in the
ID- I'l"|-1'llETi§ printing office to gr, inteeu
ltlv of the Army. and there has come
upon a reszzicbed piimphlr. entitled "P5;-.
ehoiorral and Cultural TTBIL5 of Soviet
5;be:.a "
C-'-5 100 tr:-lei of thzs l.a'-'e been p:-inted
Ind 37 have been ci;"culatied_ chiefly to staff
offzrcis and rn:r.rr.and.r_g oi'f.*e:s 1l.1he Pa;
Isa; The parnp.*.;e'. cu not intended for
leneral use and Has no: ernt-If'c'i in the
or.i=r.'.a';;r. of mrr. in the rs-ii,-_< its sta.Ȣ'
purpose in to inform of!.cert about the nae
lure oi a p-ti:-.t.blc enemy In pursuance oi
U -it D-1-'iD0i"' 11 ilgecifirallj-' states that it
doe: not seek to ciemor.s'.:ate the political
Iniustire and econozn; ty.'ar:i1_v of the Bol-
ahevik goternment but to illuminate the
Russian i.n 11;: existing habitat"
Mt McCarthy is not aatzrfied with the
lpproa- h and e-'iCer.ti! think: that Ri.it.s;a
rarinot be discussed properly 92'itl'i0ut resort
tic tOl'ldei1mitlO.. We suppose that a general
office. is expected to have sufficient per
apcctn-e to abhor the S-one. is} stem and that
the authors of the pizrnpliiel thought it Ii,-
perlluous to add denunciation oi their own
when their airnpie obiect:-e was to otter
cs'..:natee that m:i'l".'. guide a commander in
conduttzng potable QD.3{lOT,'. against a
people whose nature and outlook are to
aome degree unknown
The eerietore principal Dbjtttlgn B that
the pamphlet does not use:-t that all people
under the Soviet t_92Tar.r.; are opposed to i.
The booklet aayt that ii! they toe the KreAlA
Iin line and do as they are told. they can aet
by Iairly well They are Db1lREd to trade
politicaiaind intellectual liberty for lbtallr
tarian !Q¬t.ll'lt}'_ the pamphlet makes clear
but this i.ndividi.iaI impression may not
weiih as heavily upon their ]Ilil'.t1l as it
would oh those oi Americans. who have
ion: morn and Cherished freedom.
We cannot agree with the aenatora anal-
yiie that Ulll iii pro5092'irt lJY0Dllil~'1d3
ahirh if believed. would cause Americans
lo want to move to Ruaaia """""-__1,g_g-L__lt iii well to avoid the mistaken
of embracing false l£UmPtl0 the
enemy. 1! America and Ruasll were ever to
ao to war, it would be an error of the first
lnag-nitude to believe that every Russian ea-
cept the top crust of a couple of million
D811! mtmbcrs was disaflectxd and would
turn on the regime at the rst opportunity.
If We thouaht that. we would expect a push-
o92er_ and might be neatly disappointed
92hen it failed to materialize. '
It ls reasonable to assume that lome alc-
lhenus oi the Soviet population aupport com-
munism because they are convinced that it
Ia a good thing. Other Russians will cer-
tainly stand by their country simply because
It ta their country and nationalism is a
powerful psychological force. Other Rus-
aiam, again, will be irliorant or apathetic
and will stay hitched bE'IS_2.KC it's the easiest
thine ioi them to do. 31:2. other Russiaris
will be rowed by police dl-Sflpllht.
That there is much dissident opinion in
Ru_s.sia, tho largely auppremsed and latent,
bu been established by the reception al-
corded the advaricirig German armies in
World War II by the Ukratniam and others.
Stalin, after the war, wiped five "autono-
mous" Soviet republics off the map by trans-
porting their population: In forced labor in
Biberia because they aeloomed the Germans
as liberators.
The Germans made I fatal militate in
not accepting these people as allies. Lnstead.
they were bnitally trtatied. 1! American
commanders were ever called upon to lead
armies Lnto Russia. it is to be hoped that
they would avoid mlstaku of equal magni-
tude The mistake the Germans made was
in rejecting assistance from occupied popu-
lations who sincerely wished to make oom-
tlton oauoe with the invader. The reverse of
that mistake would be to expect that every
n.Ll5tSl1n would inevitably flock to the in-
Yadei" a standard.
Col. R. B. Hrattori. under whom this Army
atiidy was made. ta an officer of aood repu-
tation who distinguished himaelf as one of
the fer men in Lbe War department who
acted erieraetlcally and with good aenite on
the eve of Pearl Harbor. He recognized the
importance of the intercepted and decoded
Japanese secret messaiea that am: Low his
hands durlna the 24 hour: before the attack
and tried to get bla auperiors to consider
them and act upon them. It waa not his
Iauit that he failed. We do not believe that
this officer, kznowingly or unknowingly,
would lend himself to propaganda in sup-
port 0! a potentially hostile po¢'!T-_'_- _ i .
I ' .1 *1 A 0.19
1- I T
4 .5 -_/J '//J /
' .1" . AI A
__ , r I I .1-w-_92't, ._-I-i. . '»[email protected]. ......t
olsoo
add/&1PGich$FrjL_..Belmont _1,_*.»
Clcgg ...__._.
Glavin._.__.._..
Harbo ___.__
Rosco __.__
Traoy _______
Geany __
Ilohr.___
Winterrowd _
Tole. Room _
Holiomari _._
Miss Gandy _
Times-Herald
lash. Post _____
Iash. News __._._-
Iash. Star _._..__.
N.Y. Herald Tribune ___._
N.Y. Mirror _____O
92 . -1 ti-;_",, I
Date: _____* .______..__- "
_-.1.-
-92
I
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9292.
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iitns uicriti-;n
AHMY'S HEPEIRT.
SAYS MlJAHTHY
Cites Testimony of Red
Aid in London
BY 92l'1LLAP.D EDWARDS
[ hit-alo Tribune Prria Iervbal
Sen Mc'C¢:'_!.1-' Rt of V~'".s.':c>r.
.i;s.Z'. 1. -. .: £1gin a no "ed Qatrday that H5
11'.92es .1"; E oco'n:riu'-e L;--.=.
I'¬CP.'-Pd tes'...'n;r:92' s'_"p;J-cried bi-
dc-?:...er.ta.':-' e-ide-tire that Ru.»
axar: D70;JEu:a:".::.=L5 dictated the
It-rm 0. Amer:-rat: Army lndoc
tr;f,a..uD maue-rial on commu-
1';;s:r;
A wziness ldt.'1!L!i!d' only as
a forrmr 92-aw-tar. employe of
a:a:.c'in; in the P.:s:..ar. former.it
office in Lomior. has testified i
NICCar.3".y 5a;C_ that his Er;-is-'_
au;>e*.ors gaze detailed i!15'.!"ut-I
lions on the virtues of com-munzsm for Lncorporation in the Q
92 material for the education oi
lH!"1E.'.1ED troops P
The author of the work on
cornmuntem was described as a
Br.t.5he:' Iho accepted order; 0:.
how to "draft it from aitilled
Soviet pTOPB.gBi'id.Rt5 in the Hus.-'
lJ:=.'. !ore.gn office tr. Inndon i
The result was a work exi.o'.l;:.g
the benefits or Soviet-style con.
n-i'_:r..s.".1, Mt-Carthy said. It was
l¢0I>'-B5 bi; American military
a1;'.nor;:;es and was in use for]
ins-.'ut'tion or American lO]d.JP!'5
as late as December. 1952. per
haps later. McCarthy said
Wilhl Called to Prnbc
The Witness. described as
hizhly reliable by McCarthy.
will I-emf? at a eioaed aeaeion;
next week to whirh Army Set-re~
tar:-' Stevens has been invited
The Dreeautiori of an executive
lPE..§iC.*! was taken McCarthy said
L1 Order to protect the I'iLnes.s
and also to avoid charges by the
Arm! that the subcommittee was
dbclosing restricted material in
violation of the law,_ .» '
The witness presented copies
of GIFBCLIVBI and eorreancmdenoe
to aunport his teattmcmy. Mc-
Carthy disclosed.
The tndoctrtnatian material
involved in the new le8t1.D"1on$
Mr.-Carthy aaid. la diattnet from
an Army inteiliience study of
vie: Russia and its peep]
hich he made public this I
nth the Chl!'iC that it 5
clear-cut Communist p a-e
[ands iii $4 -
Q1;-I
I
The Arm? I!DHed with Q
gha.-ge that MI:Ca.rLhy had 92'lD-
lated the law by reieastni 1|!
document. It denied that 1!]!
atudy was Communist 'prOVs--i
land! and noted strong criticism ;
of the Bqriet ayatem In the re
Flirt.
Button Bttned lap-art
A preamble to U111 atudy had
been vrrittien by Col. R S. Brat
tan, I Par East tntelllllvf ll
pen Q! high repute. now retired
I-!cCar'th_v laid his IHVCSLIRIUUTI;
hag developed that Bratt0n's,
name Ina affixed to the docu _trer.'. as a matter of routine anci-
that the Yea] author and 51-lpeiH.501 raa an Officer of ;ener{
rum.
4,_ 1 ,e-<:/<;'~/ /
E|at;i..u:A.I!0-19
T01-On ___.ke
Larid _,__
Ktchols ___.
bein"ont__,_._ .
Ciel! __., L
blavin __,___...
Harbo _____ .
Rosflie 1- -
Tracy ___e
Lgughlin
Molar e-_ -r
linierroad -
Tele. Rm. _ -7
Hnllortanée er
Gandi-'4_.__
104°
Times-He-raid P. It
Y-ash. P05;
lash. News -- i
lash. Star
N.Y. Herald Tribune ____
N.Y. Hirrot --Z
Dare: _.__;___-Z---
a-- .
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i-.
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l
I
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I-..,___
/
-ii92 I
,_.;__
92
l
_,.-__Secrets, Anny Says -
By Murrey Marder '1
foal R4-t>o7ter
The 592.'."f-' drcTarcd yesterday
that Fri". .To=cph R McCarthy
"H-92-i= 92ir-lair-cl security regu-
latir-ris in di-c'o92ing l classied
:r"r.}icrr.cr report on Fritiet
hot-r-:1 Futi-.crmore. the Army
saw}. the full text of the report
rcfut-= ~icFarth_92"s charge that
it is "Cm-nrr-unist progaganda."
T-e Fe:-i:iio. rnade the allega-
imc. on 9292'cri!-csday v:hE'n he re-
ra~r"l 70 pages of a T5-page
rr-'-fir
.Toc "conclusion" of the study.
ti hicis 92lcCarihy did not release.
e~{r*:3"t crndomiis the Soviet
<2 rm in tit stronzr-st 'l 'l'l"i.<
' " the full text
_"-n fry-'"_. d3i"'1 J2-l"l
Zn; oat l=tlt"l"l by the
.1" "'= Far raw. "c-mrnand for
if" '.:¢t'ire piirprises
Trc Arrny said "The Depart-
r tr. of the Arm_v 9iT1pl'125lZE'S
try or-cTa=~ir'.cation of this
su"i$ in'cn'lr»'i for the use and
educiwrin of a limited nurriher
of c-f.'cr-rs arr! men specializing
in the ti~ou:" pa.'t'n< of the
.q"..l"C."TF.'.1E a result of priordi§[i =92'_.'t" "
f92icCartr;.- fired back that the
Array is employing the same
kind of "v~i".:te'aash" tactics he
r.a< afviaj-'< at-cu .-"i the previoo<
Dcmricratic .Aclrr;iriistratic»n of
using tn enter past mistakc<
Rt -frl."it.". noted when Mc-
Carthy made part of the report
put-.1.-}".c said it was all of it
t'r.a' he hart-ti.ai ii was prom-
tncrly rrarlred. Restricted-
Seru.-.~'_v Information " At the
ti-e he said. jokingly. "I de-
rl5<si.""~rd it " The Army said it
only dcrlassird the document
on Tl'..l!92ri?}, because oi the pro
viritzs ti1=!lfi*.lH.'.
The inside cover of the report
bear= the .<a*crr~ent:
"Th:= dr-run-.ent contains tn-
forrnation arcting the national
deft-t¢~ of the United States
--"..i..~n rrcamng of the es-
pionage lavi< Title 18. U S
Code. Sections 793 and T94 The
l.1'3fi'-ITlS§lOl'l or the revelation
of its contents in any manner to
an unauthorized person is pro-
hibited by law. _
92'ic»!at.on of that law is pun
1=hah;e by up to 810.000 ne and
10 years imprisonment
McCarthy released the docu-
rricr.i in his role as chairman of
the Senate investigating Sub»
committee Prosecution of a
conirressrnan in such a case
would probably be unprece-
dented. The Army in Its state-
ment yesterday made no refer-
ence to McCarthy by name.
Army concern over release oi
the docurr:ei-it is ve likely due
in part to its possible distortionI"""Il
by Russia for propaganda pur-1
poses. The report is entitled.
"Psychological and Cultural
Traits of Soviet Siberia," and
states it was issued to create an
understanding of the situation
to be met "in occupied areas" inevent of war. .- N
I McCarthy countered:
l ".92'either the Army or any
other branch of Government is
going to hide dishonesty, cor-
Tufllifl or communism by pui-
.ting a secrr-t label on it."
' McCarthy insisted the docu-
merit is Q5 percent Communist
propaganda"
He contended the document is
only a small part of Communist
propaganda put out in recent
years to educate our militant
that communism is really a
pretty good system.
The Army said the report it-
self just shows the opposite in
its statement. the Army said
. "To understand the mind of
the Soviet citizen. it is essential
to consider the Communist
propaganda which plays such
lan important role in shaping
that mind Any conclusion that
propaganda thus encountered
reects the vie-=5 of the Lrtitcd
Stairs Army is refuted by 8
reading of the entire document
and particularly the conclusion
of the study. set forth on Pages
T4and75..."l
i
That conclusion states in part
"The Soviet citizen etigoys
neither the liberty nor the civil
rights which we cherish and
_ll'1SiI upon as a natural endow-
'ment of all men. The free
worker in the Soviet Union is as
much chained to his job andI 1 an 1 la rh r'nrt92.'ir92l .DC3i EL -S .., ".5 --.-...--.. . . .
| "He has no redress against a
"h a r s b authoritarian Govern-lment . . . His voting rights arc
a travesty on the ideals and
,purposes of democracy . . . He
jis the helpless prisoner of a
slave state . . . such an eitislenrc
"would be intolerable to Ameri-
cans American traditions and
beliefs militate against every
facet of government activity in
the USSR Briiish and American
|Comm-iinist aympathizers who
visit the LSSR nearly always re-
turn in bitter disillusionment
There is no better antidote for
radicalism."
McCarthy had contended that
anyone reading the report would
be inclined to "move to Hus-___ --lbll
i McCarthy's attack on the Far
'East report turned in part on
the fact that one of 14 sources
listed as a reference was a bookiby Corliss Lamont. wealthyI'92"]&!T Revealiil IQ
_:i :-~ _!
3,-'30-1.
oi son
BrimLadd ___4 ?nict ~
-v
Clegg _._._..i
Glaeir:_..___
Harbo Z»-
Roaen __.i.
Tracy
Gearty __.i
I0hri__
Winterroucl _
Tele. Room _.
Hollomari __
Miss Gandy ._
Times-Herald
Iash. Post
ash. News
lash. Star
N.Y. Herald Tribune
N.Y. Mirror_L_
___
__.._._...
__._.1-
_ 4
ap-pa-1.--1
92
J
I r
L?
Senator Sees Attempt
To Hide Communism
-' ---'- -----Q?IY JOSEPH HEAR-.-
Tlic Army Pride? charged Ser.
McCar1l'.3~' iP.' of Wi.scon.sin cits-
ciosed restricted material in no
htion of the law and the aenator
ronnterec aitr. the ILSC.".l'!!.1f'.a.T
the Army "cai'§n0'. hi:;e d.
honest:-. corruption or c0m.rni_
nism bi-h:r.d any ltarnp ofIecreq" "
The row between M:~Carth}
and the Army re.oi'vec5 aro-mu
lh eenazor e Q35-ClQié"-Q1! to report-
ers V~'ec.nesca:~ of an m'.ei..
gence report on the psycholog:
cal and cuiturai traits of BC-itl
Biberii In shown; reporter;
Pi"iOUC;£3UC cop;-,< o: the nag-_
of the pamphle: McCa.".h3 as
Jeri-ed it aas "ClP.!r cut Com
murnst propaganda "
Friday the .92rrr.3' released Lhe
full text or the pamph;-=1 11
aazd it had beer. declassified
Thursday and then oniv "U ;
mun of prior disclosure"
Inent iqiich did not mention Mc-
Cl='th3' by name. laid that it
the senator had shown reporLe:s
the full text of the Pamphlet
it would hate been clear that
thelinteiiizence stud; vi-as not
C orrirnunist propaganda. Lit-
Carthi bold reporters he did
not have the concluding pi1.5:e<
of the atudy when he ,i,;1l_i'.
pU'!l'E.""'Th- Aw»-=~ 1» - PP.U~lU --._-_ D AJIH ui n ILJUJA Ibli-Q"r 92 |
- i { " {i;'"i
R!
.._.__'_Lm-lie Quoted
The Army aaid the purpose of
the atudy was clearly let forth
in the preamble, which aaid its
purpose was "to develop an un-
derstandmz of the Benet people
which will be militarily useful in
cue of war." The concludin:
paces included this passage;
The American viewpoint re-
mains valid in all essentials. The
Soviet citizen enjoys neither the
liberty nor the civil right which
we cherish and insist upon a.a a
natural endowment of all men.
The free worker in the Soviet
Union is as much chained to hi.-s
job and local area as is the con-
vict He has no voice in deter-
mining hi< place of work, work-
l.n| C0ilfili.iOl'!5 or waze
"His only advantage over the
£092']¬92. is that he can live with
his Iamii! and can spend his
limited income as he sees lit. He
has no redress against a harsh
totalitarian lovernmeni. He L5
forbidden to raise his voice in
criticism, to develop i.ndeP¢i'id-
ent viea-a or to acquire unbiased
information. His voun: riihts
are a travesty on the ideaia and
purposes of democracy.
iiiaibiiioi Liiaiiei
"He. erifoya no acknowledged
rlghu for his peraon. life or prop-
erty. He is the helpless prisoner
or a aiave atate. its was noted
DT!92'i0US1}. such an existence
would be intolerable to Amer-
cana. American tradition: an
belief: militate against eve
facet of lovernment activity
the U553.
"British and Americln Com-Tolsori0-A
Ladd ___-__-
Nichol
BelmonS.__i_
l_.i
Clegg __-_
Glavin
Harbo --
Roaeu
Tracy e----_
Gee!!!
llohr ---i
Uinterr
Tele. R
Hollom
Miss G
Times Herald
lash
lash. Post
. Newsand _
ootn _
an _._.
andy _.
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D, r»92.. ' ;_,}
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---__.._-. .. ____ _ _ __._. .-.... -_....-....,-.;.-l'I"tL;I.l¬I F§'1T1Dl'.f.i£.El'I It'll! Va:-Jtjutg Lutltlllulzum =1-1 I 711$}
the LKSSR. nearly always re~
turn tn bitter dtszlluslonment.
T:.ere is no betuez an'.td0Le for
rad;:aI;srr. "
T1-e Army sa-ct 100 comes of
the pamphlet aere Drtntec: and
t:-:.g.:".aI chstrtbutton was hunted
to 10 tomes It aatd 27 c.0ple>
were sent to sub commands 01'
the Far East command and 13
to the Department 0! the Army
and F-ctlsc ccmmanda sutatde
the Far East command The
pamphlet was prepared tn Japan
Cr.I R S Bratwn, now retxred
a':c' hung tn Honolulu. wrote the
preamble He was then deput}
1n'.e.itienCe ofttcer to Gen. Rtdg
la"
Tne Army statement and it 1:.
ob.o;_': that ofhcers and men
m',;=.t understand the lha...;;:".'
pro-ceases of Rutmane and that
to accompltsh this tt "ta emwntta.
no tonstder the Communtst prop
aganda whlrh pia!-s suth an Imt
p0.".lnL role tn shapmg thatmt!"/1 '
McCartr'? said the document
mac: Dubhc ts "Jun a arr-all
mpie 0! Communist pro;a-
nca pU'. out over the past 1'1-'e
or 15 years to educate mem-
rs or our nulltar? in:-u.Lh.tnk
'-v" -~-we ~ -~ --- I. I. ,,.. "-1
F
t
Igood system."
He also said that If they are
putttng out Communtst propa
ganda they cant keep it from
the pub]: by stampmg it secret
or restrtcted and calling It in
indoctrmatlon cour-e." he stud.
McCarthy and that unfo!'.u-
nately the Arm_v ts doing today
what it dtd under the Truman
admmtstratton.
The senator aald he thinks
there has "been a more health}
atutude at the Femagon nnce
Prestdent Etsenhower was
elected, "but unfortunately aoqe
of the pohttcal holdoters true:
the old order down: there st.
thtnk they mu=t a'h:tev.'as.h thou:
unuvval ar-nuues " 92
See edttunaf on paw I.
92-
92 .IL
. __92 L II» Is__ P II 7 I Tolsou .__-
Lndd..e.v_i
Nichols _-_-
Belmonr _-W-_
Clegg __-_-
Ghvin
Hnrbo _.__
Rosen
Tracy .._-_
I _ _ ____ii uelrty ._--
E" v "WZXT11; Aseeris McCamTy ~.L'§:f'::.:¬.:Ho Ioman __Handed Out Secret Data "1== °-"iv -i
h
92
,,,._,___-
9--w-|
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{/
92In The Unilrl Pnu
W.ASHL~C3TO?~F. Sept. 11.-
The Army sad today that Ber.
Joseph R. McCa.'hl}', R. '15.
ghoaed reporters 1 :.t11l1'-an-'
pBI;J} _.'9L on Some: Etberm
u1;;2e it et.ll C3ITlEd 1 "re-_
stncaed" label end 11.5 subject
Lo espionaie laws.
The also denied Sen
M¢Ca:'i.l'.! s charge that the doc-
ument, wh:ch has now been de-ciaegted, v-as "clear-cut Dom-1.92mums: propaganda." It said uny
such conclusion is irfuiad" in
1 portion of the study tlui. the
gehai-or did not make public.
Sen. McCa.-thy promptly ne-eu:-ed Lhe Army of trying to:
whiten uh and cover past ID15-
Lakee" of Democratic admi.n;-I-11'? ln the idea that mm
Inunism really is e pretty good
sl-Shem "
He eceused "political people"
an the Penugon 0! trying w
"cover up past misthku gnd
said his Senate Permanent In-
vestigations subcommittee 11;;
recezved "less oo-op-erltion from
the military than from guy
other agency."
Th! A-m3"s carefully worded
emu er in Sen. McCarthy In X5-
sued nit-er day-long dig;-u_;.;10n5
ThUi .>-133' that rr-ache ill the
Ii! up to Army Secretary Rob-
ert T. Stevens.
Earlier thu week,
Steven; had ngreed. liner 1 coil.
erence with Ben. McCarthy,
Continued on page 4. eoIumnLI
:stra'.;o::.s He said the document-
x.s "95 per cent Communist prop-
aganda," but "whenever they're
Eiuea to mu, they cm unen-
uon no Lhe part which right!
condemns communism."
He Bald t.h:_~:. v-nus the pre.e'.lm_
"under the old Truman mummi-
stration" end the pattern is
the ume elthouxh the Pente-
gons attitude is "much better
stnce Eesenhower took over.
He said the document. in
quesuoo was "only 1 small pan
of the Cotmnuntst propaganda
used over the past ve. hen. f-
teen yFi?!1.o educate thellohr
I
Times-Herold -__-
lush. Post --
lash. News -_-
Iash. Stlr _--
N.Y. Herald Tribune _.L-
N.Y. Mirror -----
._,.
.._,__-_
v
E»
/
-v-av-up--w
7 i
4"' k 1 I Conltnued from MP6 011-Ul
to see whether the Army should
.5;".*e the Senator names of per-
son_-; who nve security clearance
::;, two ci".il;a.". workers accused
of being tiommunists ,
The report on Siberia IL!
prepared by the LELEIILBEHCC
iEvE'Z'1lOI'l of the Far East Com-
l'Ill.*.C. in Jan. I952. The pre-
amble 8-Bid il.F- purpose wees to
idr3telQ§J er: underemnding of the
the SO'..r-. people 92ar.lc!': ulll he
U1LllLl1l.,92 useful in cue oi
Bar. '
ii Sen. McCarthy displayed
|DhOvOSl;-IUC OOPIEJ last Wednes-
day and told reporters the docu-
ment extolled Lli the virtues oi
C0l'I'_'l;l'll.5II'l, wlth an ootaslbitl
slap on the l'T1£_" He demand-
ed to ttnow who wrote it and
who mu responsible for its du-
mhuuon.
Clusled as Secret
The Army Laid the document
at the ttme was still clmssted
restrzcted - security 1n!orma-
tior." This clamlcatzoh I-at
removed Thursday because cl
i"FllOI disclosure," it aazd.
On the tnslde cover was I.
legend in large letters whnh
said: °'Ihi5 document contazrui
ir.:'0rma::on aerttng the na-
tional defense of the United
is?-I586 Within the meaning of the
Ezplonge LBW5 Title 18 L. S
Code Section I93 and T91. The
i 1Oh or revelation of its
contents in any mmner to an
unauthorized person is prohi-
reitee by Law-"
Vtolluon of the law ollls for
e maximum penalty 01 ten years
imprisonment ..nd 1 810.000 nrie
It is considered unlikell. hott-
ever, the: 0 chnrie 01' vioiatml
llhe law would be pressed I-BBlI'l5t
a member of onrrerts under
l1'll¬l"IJI'ELal.l0D. the LFIIIF called
l ttenuon to the conciulion atFm end of the report 92'hlCh
w::;;~.i.:'--*""e tn E-tt......-""" '-!E"L':e.t
-4- ._-.,,, HTb I I er ~I . -
1. ;- [ Q3
aim is "the nelpless prisoner of W of 0 convict end s_rd1FF"H-us-
; ~ in sieve stnte.
The Army sald only 100 copies
of the document, entitled "Pey-
chololcal Ind Cultural Traits of
Soviet Siberia." were prtntecl. It
said the purpose or the stud:
was "clearly set forth" ln the
'-preamble. =r'£UCh mu" d the
observntion:
Sound military Dllnnlnl re-
Fqulres a complete, factual esti-
Ilmate of popular attitudes end
of the people and soldiers on
_WhOm the enemy power Wtll
'base his War effort"
E The flllf added In lt-s state-
merit: "To understand the mind
iot the Soviet cittzeri it is es-
uehunl to oonsider the Commu-
nist nropnnrido Ihlch plays
'such an important role in shap-
ing that m.;nd. Any C0nClusi0rl
tint propaganda thus encoun-tered reflects |.he VIEW! 0! LEE
U:-lrted States Army ts refute
by 1 reading oi the liiff docu-lment end nartieularly the 12$
clusion 0! the study.
I
l
Juch ctrcumstances
= In challenging Sex; McClrt.ri5"l--- . .. g - 1. ._
I
f
|
I
- 92
It.»-nuwl-nllluaall i 1... ?
[ .Oice fl/l6?7201'a,¢du772 - UNITED srarffs GOVERNMENTJ /mi T""g'e/1TO I Mr. Tolson M! DAn= sePt- 16- 1333
'/
:9 92 '92 n92|s¬_-
oul-I-_-non I L. B. Nichols ,_c__F
GI-nv». .: fj _ - In I/'7 - ::'I'.'_'a'-"- fa " I " V-""' - Q soli~ I/ii '"I "= P -' ; s t" IA/Fr z /1 1- TH"-' 1.1?-".._., ' Q1 /'~- "' __ ____ ,,,, ..-.___----"~ :':;j,
£- in the office of Senator McCarthy telephoned On Septern 1'' 1953, and talked to He stated that Senator McCarthy believes the Arm92 ' b is playing "ca e "' on t e matter of the psychological warfare publication on lifK J in Siberiazated inforrnation he has is that the Senator intends to go
' fully into the matter of the publication and its authority next Thursday when
' Secretary of the Army Stevens appears before the Committee. The Senatori ' feels that the Army may be tempted to invoke the Truman Doctrine and refuse
i to furnish any information, but the Senator has quite a bit of information about
92_ the pamphlet and the circumstances under which it was written, a well as
E 92 abo;-1 who, according to the most recent inforrnati
5 pas, 15 at~"s;"n<»ci tot c OTC District Three, Qolumbia, Missouri
This .5 approximately in his middle 30's,! served in Koreais known by other officers b ltI'1E Eofding to the
; Senator has information thaivolunteered to prepare a pamphlet on Siberia
"F- , for the use and information of Ci-2 officers. He had no personal knowledge of
life in Siberia, but had received his information from research in Intelligence
reports, reference books and interrogations of Japanese prisoners who had::':-r returned from confinement in Siberia. Apart from the fact thatn"-vas known
as the said he had no derogatory inforrriation about him and
rwondere if it--would be possible for the Bureau to furnish him any informationwu-
?/ ' fabout advised that either in 1952 or 1953, during the month of
- .. A . .. - _=__= =__ ____ _Ma", Con"ressman Kersten sent a letter 1. civilian employee _ i s B&92 -. 01' C-2 jabout ' ' I ressman Kersten that __ , » -nd the publication. old Cong
the pamphlet was prepared for the information and use of Intelligence officers
and was not to be used for the indoctrination of troopssaid if the Army Iattempts to back out on-the Senator intends to give them a very hard tirne. -
0 d-ne would check to see whether we had any J qt linforrnation and w ether there was any way we could be of assistance.
L :- Files were checked and it was not possible to identifyi F ié , '2 - --F RECOMhLl?NpfiT1ON; REwRDEDlé? -..__.3 " 6/7"'1 <92,' |HDEX§- -¥ SEP 25> 1953- That-advimuhat on e{§$sis of,availabl@icts the
p Bureau has no derogatory information which canbe identified with subject
of his inquiry. , 5i Q0 "" Q/'1 '<s"924!/'1 Mr Ladd92l' &l92'6§ '%Ti'Bt':.lIT'1O1'1I Q; 92
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92 1n-#6' WK .. rTo . A . H. .PELlIO.h'Ta1J/ /? nmi= 4 1+,
Ii ' September 1?, 19$31w§"
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cry e Arm; Stevens had informed him the he had a92uitness we has read, to testify that a document h-d been
yuflishez 8 the Department of the Army at the instigation
-3- Jotiete Lh"04;1 ine.r Léxd Ljjnce. He udU18¬d Mr. Stevens
the: this Jotuent h.a oeen published before Hr. Stevens took
office but tn-t he would advise yr. Stevens the time nd placewhen this witness will be called,so that Ur. Szvptgjior someone
designated by him, could attend the hearing. . Stevens statedthat he intended to be present personally. f _
I / , f - ."state." thit they were on the spot
in that .e, were rylg to determine the title of the document
so that they would be in a position to defend themselves. He
in,uired ofu-hether he could re o an-' controversial
r92 0 At " t -
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dc,um-nt whi,. midht fit this ca egory. advised him
I -"t he could not,after C1¬C!i5 with the Furedu.
i
Drgnuu§yD;jjry;
~92 None. The above is for your information.
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THE viscomsin REPUBLICAN smouzo A PHOTOSTATICTO REPORTIRS AND SAID IF YOU READ THIS ovrn Annmow: to RUSSIA. nz zscniezo IT As CLEARLY A PR A shirt-
NUTS? gFTgi.l;¬T?§sg0:5?'I;I{§¥ s£E¥I;I{gDs2g§Yglg¥_5;IcAL AND rm111nA| R s L__n ____ 7 *'iii _ LL- s--.-AA-?§£{~§§%%¬3%£5E~2%?-§Si£'§¢§>*%?» s &}?¢%¬:¢1 1@~ ' "' 'Acconoinc'io THE PHOTOSTAT or THE DISTRIBUTION List. 100 &oPi£s wznrto 51 TOP commAnos.
A PREAMBLE SIGNED av coL. n. $:_§EAIIO§,_SA1D*IE PURPOSE or THE
was TO -OEVELOP An uno:ssfAno1nc or rm: SOVIET PEOPLE IHICH
as HILITARILY USEFUL IN CASE or uAn.'
MCCARTHY SAID mz HOULD cALL BRATTON BEFORE nis SENATE PERMANENT
INVESTIGATINC-SUBCOMHITTEE ron oursrioninc.THE PREAMBLE SAID THAT UAR uiim RUSSIA uouLo REQUIRE 'REALISTlC _ ___insismi- inic sovisi ATTITUDES. IT P inizo our THiT rm: nussinn soLoiznAnn CIVILIAN ARE FULLY AccLimAi£o to SOVIET DISCIPLINE AND CONTROLAnn HAV£ -nzvzn nnoun rnzzoom or movzmznr PRESS on SPEECH. IT ADDED:IS nor T0 n:monsinATt rm: POLITICAL INJUSTICETHE DOCUHENT 9292
IT YOU'D
THE PROBLEM HERE
Ano ECONOMIC TYRANNY or rm: BOLSHIVIK covznnnini our to ILLUHINATErm: RUSSIAN in mis sxisiinc HAB1TATi'MCCARTHY POINTED our THAT A soon av IRITER CORLISS LAMONT, unowAs nnmro As A communist av mns. mans mAssinc vAs LISTED As on: or rm:sgggggslgag THE ARMY nocumznrs. LAMONT mAs niniro mks. HASSING'S
_ mg§A3imyfsAip mg HAD nsvzn aznn rm: LAmonr soon- PEOPLES or rm:SUVILI UNION, PUBLISHED in 19k8, our THAT HIS s1Afr rouno mucm or;§gHA§¥v DOCUMENT--HHICH uAs nor FOOT-NOTED--UAS ouorzn VIRBATIH
ma cAnAcr:niz:o THE nocummnr As 'EXTOLL!NG ALL rm: VIRTUES orCOHHUNISM nirm An gccA§ignAL_§LAP_gn rm: waist." ms sAio msHILL TR? :0 FIND uU| 'I'riU PKLPARED IT AND UHO APPROVED IT.
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llr. Behnonri
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ilr. Glnvin ___
Hr. |'hrb0_____
llr. Rolen .._____
Ur. T:-Icy __..._r
Hr. G¢ll'lY_-i-
Ir. Ilobr_______
Mr. Iimerwud _.~_
Tele. Room ____
Hr. Hollocnnn ...__~
Hr. Sizoo ___--
Niss Gandy ___-
THE Apwv DECLINED xnwznxarz connznr. s TTER_ "E ALSO SAIDTO ctr A COPY or THE nocunzur nun LOOK INTO THE MA
0' RETIRED. anarron IS N 92 9/9__u652P
i 7
J-92 ADD SIBERIA 37?! A poxzsnnu satn HE WOULD unvs
92 .
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A
_I! Bodied Pres:
cut conimunist propaganda.
investigating sub-committee is
ldetermined to pin down responsi-
bility for the docunit.-tit, entitled
"Psychological and C u l t u r al
Traits of Soviet Siberia."
Phoiostatic copies which Mr
Carthy displayed to reporters.
|showed the report was issued by the
military intelligence section of the
Far East command in Toi-tio in Jan
uary. 1952. A distribution note on
U19 dO LtmPi.l said 105! copies were
printed and sent to 37 top com
minds in the Far East.
THE PL'Rf'0-'E
A preamble signed by Col R S
tratton said the purpose of the in
telligence study was to "develop an
understanding of the Soviet people
which will be militarily useful in
case of war." lt noted the freedoms
which Americans enjoy are re
pressed in the Soviet Union. but
ilid: ,'
The problem here is not to dem
Onstrate the political injustic-e and
MQCHOITIIC tyranny I the Bolsheviktgovernrrient but ta illuminate the
Russian in his natii-e habitat."
I92'AF-"S MORAL}!
In event of war with Russia the
Colonel wrote, at will be the Allied
goal to defeat! the Soviet armed
forces, to undermine the influence
land control of the Soviet govern-
ment, and to estabitsh effective
ileadership in occupied areas . . ."
The report, considering the moralefactor of the average Russia. statedthe positi f the Communist Partty hnlgfr in Russian society was
- n¢
lWiii Iuihor Heel Critic?
-McCarthy Fretsaf __
Qver rmy ook Zr. tI
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Sen. Joseph R. Mt-Carthy R., Wis.! today demanded the Army identify the au-"~ thor of a classified mlllt3l'_92' report on Soviet Siberia which he described as clear-
He said his Senate permanent? " " c
more priest than ruler"; that Si-
beria uas a land of abundant op l
portunity to the skilled wort-tent
ltwho, vthiie not even understanding
the freedom his American counter-
lpart enjoys, was not worried about
"losing his job and who--if a loyal
P.ussian wasn't bothered by the
secret police and felt a certain
security in being a cog in a labor
camp.
li!c .92I~t'!'HY ALARHED
Sen. McCarthy construed the doc-
ument as a Red attempt to indoc-
|trir.ate our Ar'rn_92" and as extolling
i"aIl the virtues of communism with
a slap on the wrist now and then
.Ior the Soviet government "
The Army didn't comment on Sen.
McCarthy's views. .
ll Sen McCarthy said he has ordered
his aides to locate Col Bratton and:caIl him before the sub-committee
for questioning
l The At-my said Col Bratton is now
retired and his address was not im-
mediately available
Sen. McCarthy was particularly
concerned that a book by Corliss La-
ymont, wealthy left-wing writer, was
cited as a source for the Anny pam-Eglet. He said he had not read Mr.
m0nt's book, "Peoples of the S0
viet Union," but that his staff told
him much of the Army document
was taken verbatim from it.
McCarthy Cleared
on One Charge
Contributors to Sen. Joseph R.J
l-fcCarthv's anti-communist warichest appear to be perIec'Hj"'!f§-fied" with the way he has used
their funds. Justice Department
sources said today.
They said an eight-month investi-
gation by the department; criminal
division has failed to uncover any
idisgrunteled contributors who mightbe called as complaining witnesses
before a grand jury.
As a result, lovt-erechelon Govern-
ment attorneys in charge of the in-
vestigation have tentatively con-
cluded the Wisconsin Republican
should be given I clean bill On 0
of the "questions" about his -
sonai finances which a Senate ei -
tions sub-committee -raised la t
January.
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Iash. Star
N.Y. Herald Tribune
L- N.Y. Mirror i_
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191°
McCARTHY BARED
SECRETS, ARMY
, HARGES
_.|
J, Times-Herald __i
Insh. Pos: Z_
, ash. News ____
V ' /I "' "f / ' ' 'lsh.St:r I Il_____________ -
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N.Y. Mirror ..___
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Security law
Vioiaiion laid 1
To Senaior
Document Conlid
_ Red Propugondo,
Legislator Reforts
The A:-my tndgf: ¢}',5.'t-Pd Sen-
§{g_' Mt-Carthy apt}: GlS-CiO§_.'1I
.""'.'iTlPC.' eec";?:"-' J-f-YT-B-I1-'1
1: t.-.'.a'..::. t "' ' T-T-#19
laq,S_ bu [_l"_F J;.<._-rir,'._'. Rl:Qb'
licar. red right batik W-in I
blast of his own. '
Army epolcesmer. made ihflf
C}-,3, apaznst Senator McCarthy
;r_ 1-¢.;.~a_=_r,g the tul. text of an
tnie;..t,-erice study or. the D$}'Cl'10'
logical and cultured T-T8115 9!
BDHEI Siberia " made In Janu-
ary. 1952 by the Far East Com-
1;-iand. Senator McCa.*tl".F SP5 ?-
day made puolic portwt"-> B5 1- if
!oc.:rrie:.i. c.=.i;.'".: 11 '1-'19 "-R:-
Ccm.rz'.."n.s! oroivasand 1" ""1
tri a long t;mr~ "
1_r'_g;d.e the cover of the docu-
mert these ao-rds 39365-" t
"Th.s document contains Ln-
fQ-mation aectirii U? T133105
drfertst of the United Staten
aiLr..ri the meanini O! hm P59?
onaie1 92: Title ll L 5 Code.
Sect.on.s '-'il1ni:l T94 The tram-
cri SELOH or the revelation o! Ill
co'.'.ei.'.s. in any mar-T191 1-0 In
ed I5; lla
Marked Beslri-l'¢ .
The study v-at marked "Re-
'stricted5ecurit.92' 1117071713510? "I , _rjiqeetrictied ts the louek of M" I
eiui secrecy cias§:ficat.ons em-.
p,@_t,¢ by the militan se-"ire!-il The Arrny is-aid that it was UP". ciass..'3-"int: the document trorn
phastzcd that thus was done only
t "i I result of prior disciostire I
Benawr McCar'th!~ ihl-"D5!
r. benched aside the eharae lhll
he hld violated aecurit. Ln re-
lgggjng the document He ll-<1
.1. 5,n|u- 1m-e5tica1ione aub-
committee has received "lea: co-
Qpgrgtinti {T0171 the 51111137? In
digging out Communists than
.11-Q my other branch of the
ll Got-e.*r.mFT"'.. o--""Fits 1-gstrltttd status now but rm-,I
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- "Neltl92a?_t..the,_£errp_v no; an!one else." the 'nator added.,"can hide dishonesty. corruption_'and communism behind any
atamo or secrecy.I "1! we rind they are puttingout Communist propazanda.
they can't keep It aecret by
It-Imvina it restricted arid usmlit in indoctrination courses."
Army I-Illa Buck.
But the Army. tn its stron:1_v-
worded statement. hit out at
Senator McCarthy's contenuon
that its Intelligence study woe a
piece or Communist propaganda.
The Army said that Lt the
ehatrman or the Senate Investi-
gattons BUbCOmHlllLCE had re-leased the full report--partlcu-
larly its conclusion-instead of
only the in-st 70 pages, the true
purpose of the document would
have been plain.
"The purpose of this study isclearly aet forth in the following
extract Irom its prembie: To
develop an understanding of
the Soviet people I~'hlCh will be
militarily uaetui in cue of
92var."' the Army qid.
The part; of the report which
oended Senator McCarthy. it
was explained, were destined todescribe the attitude or the
SQ-it?i citizen
It us obvious that the neces-
sary instruction of omcert and
men in U115 eld cannot proceed
without attempting to enter themind and thoucht processes of
the Rususlan citizen." the De-
partment aid "To understandthe mind of the Soviet citizen.it is essential to =0n.sider_;l3g
Communist propaaandqhc,-0;,'* va such an impor-I "- .-."i.-.*..:=.=2==== ' »w»= or"se-f-u11i;1H3Li']§ - - A-6!icC.92R'* ' B '
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0 929
0
Mccurfhy _.
Cor.1:r.'.ed Rom F.:s'. Pei? ~Fri-"-1 5* ae much chazned to hls
:n: azca az ls the con-
t ' F» .*.a92 r. ='-we :r. |:e'.*92-
r . ,..--e u. no.5, nu.
aht c>n::.r<,;.s or uage.
"H.'~ or..j. ad92ar.'..a;.~e over the
rorr-zr :.~ that he can ll-e llth
ha fam:.}' and can ap-end has
11m;:I~d ;:-lcome as he see: t. He
has no redfews agamst a harsh
au::.z:..a:;an government He :5
roroocen to rnse ms voace in
cntlmsm to develop independent
92':ev92$ or to acqulre unbrased 1n-
Ic-n'.a'.or. Hm. 92'o'_.ng rights are
a truest! or. the ;deaI5 and p=..:-
pose-.< Of democrity He enjoys
r.0 a92:'|r.:.o=92ledgeC n|il".La for hls
pr:-Ir. l:!r- OI ,D:ope:t_92 He l5.
:.'.+ helpLe>.< p;.soner of a slave
='.a'.e As ar r.o'.ed prevlozzsiy.
s.rr. an exzsience aould be In-
tolerable to AIIDCIHZBF-5 Ameri-
Io-cument linored by Benatc-ricer. tradzttons and beilefa Hilla-
-.
L
Y
e .,Mr.-Carin!. to ahaclr. the Arm!"
called parucuiar atuentaon an
as lolloas -
; The Ameracan vlea'f>o;n! of
ilt!e in the Bone: Union remaans
'al;d kn a:1es5er.i.a1> The Sane.gittzen en_io_92's l'l§l1ilC. the liberty
.ao: the c192.; ghts. ahlch we
dhensh and must upon as a
latural endowment of all men
The free worker tn the SovzctULat-c agams: e~.-ery facet of gov-
crhment act;92'1ty1n the U. S B R
"E:;!.1h and American Com-
m_1!'1.5'. aympathlzeaa aho vuzt
the L S S. R nearly always re-
turn Ln b;'.te.~ dJ:LII:.1.5l01.m!n1.
There 1.: no better antldote forradzcalum "
Senator McCarthy's ansaer
was that the Ann:-' document
ll "95 per Cent Cnmmumat prop-azandn" and about 5 per cent
"a s.apTn the wrist" llllnst
COl'1'1TT-'.£T.l5Rl
'W'r.er. called t-0 task, the
Arms" cttes the small 5 per cent,"
the Benito. said
He um he had Iound. un-
Iortunately the Army today ts
domg "what they dad under the
old 'IYuman admimstra-non." He
and that whale there is a bet-
ter atntude amce Premdent E1-
aenhower took omce. "the pom-
lcal carry-overs are lull func-
t1or.1n3 to cover up, protect Ind
92l|hlt,C92l.5h."
I'r|ea Full Scale Probe.
He and he thought there
should be a lull acale invest!-
gatmr. of the matter and and
he would place it before his
aumormmttee for = declslon.
As his battle with the Arm!
raged on, Senator McCarthy an-
nounced a oerles of hearings
starting Monday In New York to
look mm employment of Ameri-
can Commumsta Ln the United
Nations. -
He made the announceme t
fter a Iormer Commumst Par "
unctlonary, -John Lautner, 5 .
ow an employe of the Juatl92
IlDepartment. aestied that the
Umted Nations aoroea "a very
.;:~e ground" for Communist
ctlvity.
Mr. Lautner named one "Amer-
can Communtat" employed by
he U. N. aa Noel Remea. The
ubcommlttee member: aald Hr.
-mes hid not been id?-ntiadFan: prevlotu hearing: aa be-
nz a 'Communia't. _
Mr. Lautner aald that Mr.
emes. a member of the Pollen
ta at the U. N., had been a
igh offlclal 0! the Communu!
arty for a number of rears an!
has an asslstant edttor of the
jaartyl publlcation "Pol1tlc1.l
Jtatra. 1
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ADD 2 SIBERIA
THE AR-x S .
ALTAND gULTU HE A HY SA
ITH 50 COPIES BEING H £RVEl_
. Clegg ~
Iir. Giarin ___i
Ir. Hnrbo _.._.___
llr. Rolea ii
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Hr. Hahri-P.m..-
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David I awrence-'Ii
In-u , I a I III; I In; a I I aDid McLarthy Break the Law? ~
No Violation Seen in Senator's Release to Reporters _ ,_
Of Document Marked Restricted by the Army ,"~ , I
Sometimes. in the hurry
and pres:-uie urid-er which
news is distributed nowadays.
there uni time to look up
basic law or constitutional
DItCe'de:".ts and an entirely er-
roneous ll'l'lD!'¬$$lOFi is uninten-
tional!_92 created
Thus. frarn one end of the
country to the 013'.-7 B ieu days
ago oer} Ql§:e1i1l l'l . implf-"trig
that Senator McCarthy had
tiolated some lavt when he
gave to reporters a document.
which had been marked "re-
stricted" or "classied tn!or-
mat_ion" by the Arrnir. One
editorial ir. an Eastern n¬WS-
paper went so far as to or!
out that the 'W.s.consin Sen-
ator had ignored the lavi.
that he was not ii-ore the
law." and so on
Actually if the &nat-or vio-
lated any law by publishmg
the document a-hict. the Army
had distributed bo 100 oicers
ao that their might study the
meaning 0! COITllI'lll1'iLSl phi-
aoaophi; so did the nenspapers
and press associations which
printed a.'h.at he gave them.
The truth 15 no law w
violated to either case. Fa
there is no statute which fo
bids disclosure or pubticauo
of I Got-emmerii ciocuine
just because somehody Ln
Army or the Navy or the
Force happens be mark it
"classied" A thousand ex
titive orders may be isued '
e President orglring C1'QVEI.fl92_
rnent personnel to keep thirtsrsl
secret, and Government em-
pioyes can be puntshed Ior
violaungmgm. but this cannot
aeet. any citizen outside theIGovernment Ih0 is the recipi-
ent oi the information.
It so happens that in this
casie the Army oillcers were
told to study certain phases of
communism as an orientation
course. and most or the ma-
terial was ta]-ten from pub-
lished bool-ts The Army mould
have also taken a translation
of the Koran. the Mohamme-
dar. bible. dllI'il3ul.-Ed copies of
it and merited it "t.l.e.s.si."l."d."
No such arbztrary marking of
information. however, can in
any any restrain a newspaper
or periodical from publishing
the contents oi such docu-
ments as are labeled "classi-
ed" if they can get hold of
them
The existing law
crime is committed it any one
in the Goverr.rneni knowingly
and wilfully Qommumcaties,
furnishes. transmits. or other-
wise makes Iiailable to an
unauthorised person. or pub-
lishes" any "C1lSSl¬d inim-
t:r.ation" about the code or
cipher rystem Of the United
States.
WhenIII! I
-92.- _____ __ -_. ___use fuieiuluz ll I'll
up for passage. members of
the press pointed out the dan-
gers of alpeacettme censorship
law and succeeded in narrow-
ing the language to etude oom-
miinication. 92 _
It may be questioned
whether a pea-cetime censor-
ship Law would be held enn-
atitutional It is interesting
also to note that. even in the
ease of "classied information"
reletine M ooidm, there is =
paragraph which says that
nothing section shall
prohibit thg furnishing. upon
lavrful de:m'II:rB,"U'!' information
to am regularly oonstltutad' - --._.._t,____committee of the Eenate or the
House oi Representatives 0!
the United States of America.
or }oint committee thereof.
Perhaps the most signicant
ease that. got to the courts
occurred when Hugo Black.
then a Democratic Senator
from Alabama. conducted his
famous committee investiga-
tion in 1935 on the subject of
lobbying. Private memages
betrieen in editor and his ii-
sociaties were unlawfully aeized
from a telegraph omce and
disclosed by the Federal Com-
munications Commission to
In investigator for the -
mittee But the United Bt-ates
Circuit Court bf Appeals held
-and the case was never re-
versed bry the Supreme Court
th.It, even though the tn-
Iorrnation was obtained im-
properiy, the data could be
need by the committee The
court mid that "the universal
rule, an far as we know it. is
that the b-gislative diactetion
in the discharge of its con-
stitutional functions. whether
Tllhl-111113 or wronsfullr el-
ereised, ii net i iubia-1 for
.lt-ldkial interference."
Senator Black evidently
because. two years later, be
was elevated to the Supremenllfge0-l9
T on
adClNichol, /B-I-=»=-:21
Cleg; _._.....
GIavin__i
Harbo _._._
Roaeo Z...
Tracy _.___.
Gearty ._--_
lohr
Iinterrowd _
Tele. Room _
Holloinau _._
lliss Gaody _
I
l
,5 'l4j-.1: t
Q-.. f T Tc _
- ..-..q-q.--in...-.i-_-.dim;-t au1!e: Ior his ha, ,5 -1
F./£11;Court. Now this correspond-
ent isn't advocating that
Benator McCarthy be given I
plane on the Federal bench. as
was once raoetiousiy mentioned
tn these dispatches, but merely
points out that the Wisconsin
i3'-enit.-:-r may lwk mo the
I935 precedent as hia Justi-
cation in parallel circum-
stances for using whatev in-formation be ntbBII_q'
Iapraductlal I-lliIlilIlIvId.!
P504 zvoeesss-~~ 6,-' Mn. Anulaf/JJUC
Q.-ee J¬c..7':é~ 7f.3 !5'69 .it"/ _A gi-tt.5; -" IV L, - - rit SEP 30 I353. / 3,;//92D<92 M SEP1519§3QQ-'Y¢a-!é_r.Tr 92£|g.
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ALLI - J
190' .".EOR
TiiiTFfer'il?l_
Iaab. Post
lash. Neis
Iaah.
NJ!
N.Y.'i_}__!
UH an
-11:11
._-
- r
I Star
. 1-lerald Tribune
liirror ___
a
II
I
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F308t Tod:-' ' "t 92h.§hingl0n
Release ofA1'i1iy Doeiiment
- Bv McCarthy Held La fu] ._ J if- By D.~9292ID LAWRENCE / I -
-willfully communicates. fur-
nishes, transmits, or otherwisemakes available to an unauthor-A
ized person, or publishes" any
"classied inlormation" about
the code or eipner at-stem oi tne
United Statics. .
i when the toreioing 1aw' was.
LID for PLLSG-It, member: of me
oress pointed out the dangers oi
a peace-time certs-omhip iaw and
succeeded in narrowing the Ian-I
Euage I-0 node oonununicationf
i It may be questioned I1'1CU'lB2"
a peace-time censorship law}
would be held constitutional. It
is interesting also to note that.
even Ln the case of "classified
in!ormnt.icm" reiatmg to codes.
}there is a paragraph which says
that "nothing in u-11.; jggugni
shall prohibit the i'i.irni.ahing_iupon Liv-1u1 demand. 0! into:-1
imliu W any rezulariy noun!-.
tut-ed oonunittee oi the Senate
or the I-louse of Representatives
of the United Stat-as of America.
or Joint committee tbereol.
Black Inquiry Cited
lA 4|. /IIt g ' - '. 1 I 92 . ;, " ' """-"""' ; oIaon
Ladd
Nich /
Belm n_§_.7_,,.__
,.
._ wasnmowon. sept 14.
- Sometimes. in the hurry ind
1 piessure under which news ,is
oiszutiuled nowadays. there i.m't
. time to look up basic la Ivor con-. '1! I ' - . IF!s'..i-.!or.aZ piectdenm. and
entirely erroneous impression is
unintentionally created.
i ._ Thus. from one end of the
country to the other a few C"92IE
ago aeni dispatches implying
, that Senator McCarthy. 0! Wh-
i cnnsin I-Zr;:~.bEiran. had violated
some ta utiezi he [ave to re-
porters a document which had
. be-er. marked "restricted" or
i "classified information" by the
Arm;-. One editorial in in East-
I av-ri rrvuwizinar hsnrif gn 1'91 il in _-.1. ll92Pv|-'6I}l92'a -92....--H... .--
cry Du. that the Wisconsin Sen-
~ _ator had "ignored" the 1. -'.t-hat
. he was not "above the law." and
i uao on. , _
Actually, it t.'ie Wisconsin Sen-
ator violated any law by publish-
irir the document ahich the
Ariny had distributed to 100 0&-
- cars so that they might Itudy
the m»ar.:r.g or Communist phil-
% osopm. ao did the newspapers
i and press .as.sociationsa'hich
| printed ahai he gave them.
i Private Citizen: -Apart
The truth is no law was vio-
lated in either ease For there is
no statue a-hick. forbids dis-
closure or publication oi a [ov-
. ernmen: document Just becauseMl somebody in the Army or the1. Navy or the Air Force happens
ii to marl it aa "classied" A
;-thousand executive orders may
be issued by a President order-
ing got-ernmrnt personnel to
_kee;i things secret. and B0vtl'n-
rnent employees can be punished
I0. violating thrill. butt: this
cannot aect any citizen out-
ttde the government Ibo is the
1_;ltClI!i££. oi the information.
. Itsohappcnsthatinthiscaae
-;the Army omoers were told to
Stud! certain phases of com-
munism as an orientation course.
;and moat of the material was
L-taken from published boob. The
i 5" . .='P 1°.E"!F '11 ""9!trarisiauon or me KOTIX1, me
.|_.92&otian1medan Bible. dia-ti-ibuted
_ copies oi it and market it clas-iattie.d." No such arbitrary mark
…[truncated]