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Rpcords at Harvard University 1-eflectthat Donald th'e_odore'Pe1kins,
whose name was listed in Israel Halperims ad_dre_se book and to is the eubjs ct of
an Internal Security - R investigation, applied at the Appointment office at
Harvard during the term of his teaching inst:-uctorship from 1938 to 191.0
seeking-~aesistance"i:n obtainingan appointment as an instmetor in another
university. In this application, Perkins gave three references, all of when
were members of the Havard faculty, Department of Mathauatices Joseph L. Ialsh,
Garett Birkhotf and Saunders IIMIA-no. Professors Ialsh and Birkho were al- b
so listed in snJ.per.92n~ s address book. loo-347467-1,6!
the Harvard University catalog for the year 1940-1.1 identifies Richard
Frederick clippinger, who was recorded in Israel I-1alper1n's address book and
was the subject of an Internal Security - G investigation, as the recipient _
oi a Ph.D degree from Harvard in Jone, 191.0, majoring in mathuatics. His
thesis, according to the catalog, was_ selected and approved by Professor-G0 De Bi-IkhOffe - ' _'" x
In the report of Special Agent Frank G. Johnetone dated Iarch 30,
1949 at Baltimore captioned "Jay 1! vid Wittaker Chambers, wee., et al; Per-jury, Espionage - R, Internal s,¢u§~1ty R, it was set out that while em-
ployed at the Ballistic; Research laboratory of the Aberdeen Proving Ground, -
David R. Inglis and Barrett Birkhofi, a mathematician from Harvard University,
collaborated in the preparation oi a report concerning "the advantage of
adding a enpersensitive percussion element to the mechanical time fuse of
the ninety millimeter AA shell." '74-1333-30'72,pp. 113 ,1l4!
- . ' ' In .
, - In the report of special Alent Robert B. Po1ho.ff dated February 19,
191.1; at Bostonaentitled Icharlee Earl Rickart; Security latter - c inter '-
views with various mathematics instructors at Harvard University, who were
-colleagues oi Rickart, were set forth. Professor Garrett Birkhoff advised
that some oi the professors in the Mathematics Department were friendly to .
Russia and considered her as our gallant Ally and that their loyalty to this
country might be questionable if Russian policy were to change. Birkhofi
related that Rickart was ver known to be with anyone in the AIathematics group except 3
Cb! DC@- ' ' n a letter dated r 1'7, 191.7 llr. en H. getheli et fgthl the..' tent £ Sees onal per 1 the r , oi 2 dated' rch , 91.7, which c ed a list 1 rson from e t d States whod ma "r re ntat' 'ns in fave of /Profe sor Israel! lperin92e921;terhargez were id_92bnt fore decisgn was ded'92_dq|in ." Include in theuse ' S Garre 1. Birkho I. 00-3 9'72-1195 loo-#22526-981! ALL TN?§;¬';1T{"iU!"%927IU!:§|J1UNED ' '
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FOIPA DELETED PAGE INFORMATION SIIEET
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13, 553111030 , ' narm y 15, 1950.
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ejrederick Olippinger, who was recorded in Israel Halperinh address book and
923Iaa the subject oi an Internal Security - 0 investigation, as the recipient
- sci a Ph.D. Degree from Harvard in June, 1940, sisgoring in mathematics. His %$92thesis, according to the catalog, was selected and approved by Professor "
X
92,
6?$3.EM __In connection with the attached memorandum dated April 7, 1950, a I
review has been made of the Bufiles concerning Garrett Birkho, and m_m' '__
it is to he noted that Ic have three investigative files on hlljhibh are ,_,,
100-345996, 116-141681, and 121-21504. o-e____
92
In addition, the Bufilee reflect the following information containsin other files: - Q S _
Records at Harvard University reflect that Donald Iheodore Perkins,
whose name was listed in Israel Halperin's address book and who is the
subject of an Internal Security - R investigation, applied at the Appoint-
slant Office at Harvard during the tam of his. teaching instructcrehip from
1938 to 1940, seeking assistance in obtaining an appointment as an ' '
instructor in another university. In this application, Perkins gave three
references, all of whom were members of the Harvard faculty, Department of
lhthematicsn Joseph L. Ialah, Garatt Birkho, and Saunders ll-cl-ans.
Professors Ialeh and Bid: heft were also listed in Ha1perin's address book.
- 00-547467-1, 6!
' The Harvard University catalog for the year 1940-4}. identifies Richard
G. D. Birkhcffe 00-246206-1!
In the report of special Agent Frank 0. Jchnatone, dated larch so,
1949, at Baltimore, captioned Jay David Ihittsker chambers, Illa, et al;
Perjury, Espionage - R, Internal Security - R, it was set out that while
employed at the Ballistics Research Laboratory of the Aberdeen Proving Ground,
David R. Inglis and Barrett Birkhotf, a lathsmatieian from Harvard University,
-collaborated in the preparation of a report concerning the advantage oi _
adding a supersansitive percussion element to the nechanioal tine fuse of tin "
ninety millimeter La shell. 4-133$-S072 gas 113, 114! -'~92ALL INFORM!-92Tl0?'1 com92NEB
- H Q '1 L1 '1 'Q " 3 , " ,-ggngggo/§**/ggglnw loEuP;Lh g l.co:100-assess20¢»- =1;Birkhcfi!W5'."'_
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In the report 0! 3peela1'Agent Robert B. Polho, dated February 19,
1944, at Boston, entitled Charles Earl Rickart; Security latter - C,"
interviewa with varioua mathematics inatruetcra at Harvard University, who
Iere eolleaguee oi Rickert, were aet forth. Professor Qarrett Birkhoff
advised that sane oi the professors in the Iathenatica Departnent were
friendly to Russia and considered her as our gallant ally and that their
loyalty to this country night be qneationable ii Rueaian policy were to
change. Birkhott related that Riekart was never known to be friendly with
noanyo in the mathematics ' khofi
known ac an
In View oi the fact that Birklaoff has stated that he never met Fuchs,
no further investigation of this individual is being carried out in -
connection with the Foocaae, and one copy oi this memorandum is being
designated for the Internal Security investigation on Birkhoft, which is
100-845996. It might be noted,in addition, that the description of
Birkhoff doea not coincide with Fuchs American espionage contact.
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. 92: _ ! ' 'Oice Memorandum .- UNITED sums GOVERNMENT
IO : DIIECTOR, FBI DATE: June 9,
-_ = SAC, PORTLAND
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Th oto of HARRY GOLD has been exhibited to Portland Conflde
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Qibe ndum - UNITED st?-.58 sovazmmsnr
ro 1 Director, FBI ' DATE: June 12, 1950 _
P10! a SAC, New York
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4 - -' ESPIONAGE - R - ' 'Av - . .< _ _ . . , . ._f92_rl;I:._-,__--_._. > _ __ _._. .,':___,_,f ,1. .9; ._; ',__- :_ - ,-4-__._4.. >-_ 3;?-_ ._. .2? ._ !__¢ =._ V.-I ,_e_ . - A __92_= _ _;_-_Ir;-_,J_,<,-?'_,,,....;.':-1 /L .1 _ Q§z.5.>-'0~_- I _ - __. _ _. _1_ . _ -- .--~ -..-' ' '- r' 92! . - __ ' . Q-r _ 92 - . ._ 1~- I. -~ 1-1.0 e .!.-- I-.- ,:_ _- _ .1-, n.- ' .. - A - - - , - , - 1_.. -_ _ _ _ 1-1:-_ ;jola',1une 2,1 '195o, m-. m » Ionnexf
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asked pemiesicn to speak with someone in the !jew__Ior1;__0ffic_e__regarding _;f
1 e" Upon arrival .1. the New York Office on the abovedate, conson -_ . .
was again interviewed by S_'npe!'T18OI.' IUD!-I! and SA MURPHY, at which. time -he -' .
A stated that within the t versl days he had received a visit fresh his -
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K;; been interviewed previously by st JOHN R. MURPHY of the New York Office é - -
this infornation- -' - ' ~*-~ .= -_ ". ' -"" -» . -
that consume in-laws 1.nsp1¢1ngr1e1a, ems, use telephoned the cm-man "' * =atomic V -Ti'._ -;_-~_-;
_ a 5§¥ _§ZE§§ientist whoseppassport was taken from him"by State.Depa_1-tlnent representatives
.i.n'lIef_I_Iork Oity,"_te1e_phonicalJ.y advised Hew.Yorkf0ffic.e_SupervisorH , _AI.BH_-IT J. TUOHI that;he- "had "just come across some infoi-nation" which he saidf '
"_would'c1ea"n up the whole nessh COHSCN informed Snpervisor TUCHI that he__ +-
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r-;p _ .._. .- ..~_. -.._ '-..1» it. bkrother-in_-law, one PH Pb!, who had flown to !i'e1v'Iork_Gity'fcr ;-,_5 ', fa visit} OORSON said the his brother--in-law had advised his of the fact p_ 1- - .
L .. FBI Office, afnrnishing that office with the informstionthat -they'we_re in »
; fear of their lives because of the homicidal tendencies of 00830151; GORSON " -
., assured the agents that this was without any basis of fact. '-He expressed. _-__.;.;f_._ _ _
the opinion that possibly if this were true it might explain the FBIS
original interest in him. "
"no
>_ _ CORSON rambled onalong this and similar lines and stressed the
1' fact that he was attempting to "get ont of his wife's family to whom he '-
referred as "drunkards" and further that he now had a divorce action pending.
" OOHSON specifically inquired whetheror not the Cincim1ati.0ffice_had - _ 1., received such a call. fCORSO_N waspolitely informed that _even_ if the New York .'
_ pffice possessed such information, we would not be at libertyuto divulge -» =,ql
= '- it to him. _ He then specifically inquired as to whether," if it came up '
during a civil action, -the FBI would turn over its files reecting such _acall, under a subpoena. CORSON was tactfully advised that thig-gg a legal '
hatter and that we were not in a position to mrnish him any 1 gal advice. _
_ ' Y "' GOHSGH stated that the FBI had always treated him fairly and -
_ that he was "loathe to feel" that his passport had been taken up as a result 1.__~...cf_1§921s in-laws -supplying derogatory information, e.g., the telephonic W ._; _'co:mmni_ca_tion._to the Cincinnati Office abont'l'hin'.f"~ f-;;f-:3 - _{ . " 1 --' -
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" A 1he>s_uu'1'a;1d_s1ibstsnce of the 'ma'tteri_ndic'ates that __CORSON, . .
who appeared extremely concernedand distraught, it not in possession of
his full -mental faculties. He furnished no information in this case or ' ._
any other matterin which the Bureau; iainterested and admitted that he ' ' ;
had come to the New Icrk Office for advice rather than to furnish information..
V f It was pointed out to C'}ORSON thatthe matter of his passport i
having been revoked was within the province of the State Department and _ " . '
not Irithin the ;]uriec1iction.of the FBI. In this connection, CORSON ' ,
mentioned that he had made several unsuccessful efforts to contact Mrs. RUTH ~
SHIPLE! in the State Department, Washington, D. CL, but that he had received
no audience with her and that he had nointention of going-to Washington
again to'tr_y_t'o see her since he would only be "driven from pillar to pcstl. A__ _ _ _ ,. ~ . _. - ,. . < ' '
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1- Agent GREENBR, I88, 815 lirpqrt Icy, Seattle, Iuhington, / »_:_.-
~ pdvilu PAULHCBDUCH is an routs to Ian Ang¢1u vLa_pex1cnll].y and _ 3 -- _
»; : -_ §9292tum_b1J.o- mi, knmun. 5hould I__x-rivu at 1-on Angu1u_12_ih_¢_5.;{ ~ -.;; > gr 137.]: inltdntg-*j?=' fI_"i,:-=I.<--' . .1, , +.~;_'_ 1-_ . 2==';'.'. ' -3 .3 _'... 1. _.;, _ ' -_;.».--V _"~"~ ' U ._ _ can bu mmm through In Lzagazdrilum oi cginim
" of the Subyaraiyo Diviuion, INS, Loo Angelou
. k __ -ii.» ,' ,... ___ __ 4 __ __;_._ __ ,.~ "hare are hernit to I-on Angeiu San 1'1-nnailoc ioftof -
the Director am up-11 21,, 1950: Bulet 1.» New York an. lhy 26, 1950
'-¢to
' _ in the cup cntzltled PAUL Ry PETE-B|_ twp copi-ll of u report of JAMES T. 4_ .N
. ___o~anm| mm up 25, 1950, mu Sun Ii-ancilca 1m. -ju an Director um '
- - _ Ina lupin}! roqupstoé tn hmdlg tbs tnhrviln dth W80
5*:..., ....~ ., -4» - . _-._ -~ Then no also oncload anon photo h I BARR! GOLD
A .grip 1 0 or, tho nu of the Ion lngulu Offioo in its tntcrvin with GROVE I ~~
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--'3 -5 i A-Bureau instruct-ione_conce_1-n:Lng a.n_?_int_ervi_e1r PEER G BilIN FRAMQK, who ]_.'._-;-,..
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I t A .. .nm= June L4 1950c or, RI l -_ ,
ll a GUIHO'1"l'EL,8Aé, i.Baahing!:-onF:Le].dN J ' ' U
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Ldatéd March 14, 1950 ihioh pointed. out that a_ lead had been _eet in" the 'f,'_j'_ L"
_. 3-fi-e1$b:'t or Speoial Agent J. Jerome mzne]J.,date51 Lm-o_h.1l»," ;19,50," at A1b1:q92_:erq921e;. := .
. '.;t0.intervie92r.ANN TIIGHI-IAN HIISON,'a1B_o kno'|m_ 88_..lB{_.l11D92'P§ilSOn§L.e1fl_g, who is.;.1
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< »I-RANK for 'an;r information he may have comerning Fm!-15,» especially in view of .. v~_ .
FBJLNK'e own background which was set forth in the ra_1_I1e;-ence:i' letter _o£_ Lb.rch__21.,_ _:L9so.- -_ . .-.. e. - ~ - ~- -- ~- --£.< ».. -.,....,._... /_ ¢_ - -.:».._.: . ._.. . -.¥~ ~_n-1. -. .. ,,~_..- 4.... D _-' --,__1" .,.;,_ 3,, ,___. .
- Insofar as the interview of ANN YIZIISON is concerned, it is not
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J._ 1:. lead. until ereply ie,receivec_l_from_ fthe_B_q5_ea1_1,_ '.-..; _.-1.5." x 3- -.. _
go: New Yoric 5-15136!. .. ~ _ . 1 '.|' >. . '6" . . ' ~:' l» I "' * __ classied by -f. '3
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. .» " Itor thy Ofoo of orgoney lhnagenont in W17» 1943» ""1 in
' mmry, 1944, ho In interviewed under oath in connection 'H . "'- ' 3.1; 11 gt 1 ti tion. K0 denial put or prOI01='C%ass=lied by .Mm¢;J$" _ '1, m ;{,°',,,,§,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,s .1 ¢......m.. 4
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W11°" = ' sAc,mmm '
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, EPIONAGE - B.
Qgau File 62588051 _
. Reference is made to report of so JOHN R. '1-mars! dated '5/1o/50
at New York.
Reference report requested rework to ettemptto obtain photographs
Of HOWARD PERCY ROBERTSON, ALBERT WILLIAM TUCKER, HYHEN AARON DECKER, IRVIN
MORRIS BARR and ALEXANDER ELAN, How York letter dated June 1, 1950 stated that
the lead set forth in reference report could be disregarded.
This is to advise that photographs of all of the above-na.msd'
individuals, with the exception of HYMEN DECKER, were obtained and will be
retained in the files of the Newark Office.
o 1 '
' In addition New York letter dated May 24, 1950 requested that
photographs of HARRY GOLD, enclosed with this letter, should be exhibited to
info:-manta and sources of information. The photographs of HARRY GOLD were
exhibited to all logical informants and sources of information in this office
without uncovering any information which has not already been furnished to /Y
the Bureau and interested offioes. *1
In view of the fact that there are no further outstanding leads
in the Newark Office re FOOCASE this case is being RUGr p a.-~o~=o-e to am e
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Ike purpose er this nemruuhn 1| to eet forth lnternetlen eon-
eerning the Ii". Fred Hoffman Iho reportedly Iee lnetetent that Push: be
brought into the Lee Alene: Project, deem-ding to into:-netien received trn the Ieeurlty Officer in In Angelee, tiellternie. J
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Deohenn, I§1oh_§.e 118-5498, who 1e presently employed at Lee Llenoe es e.
Oomultent Seteptlet. Deotrneun wee born July B, R24, in Ylenm, Austria,
eatrue l959 to 1941 wee etteebed to Inughbereugh college, l6 Ihitehureh
011-611! . . 1041, 1- mamd
ed , Ilreh, lll, to Bepthber,
efnbnne, endthenwenttelarvu-clue
Bethe:
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A 1-'11» of the Bureeve tile: reflects that e mil eover em Dr.
Zebu,-| Fluent Frederic Hervellk, Ito Ill the subject of en investigation
jaeeed on the ellegetion that he was In agent of the Ge:-em Geetepe, ehewed
thlt he he! reeeived e letter from F. 'DeEo1'£1unn, l5 Alfred; Reed, lhitehureh,
A ' .-near Gerditt, hglend, Ifhlp letter wee apparently received by Betnlik during_ 1940; .; ,, e es-1:22-14! 9 i 3 I- C, n.n1wo1umxozu':o'mA1m> r ,-' . Z. - ==za£m ISY.='HCL.AS3IFI£DEZCEP1' l?.§-Z-£5505
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1»reA . in inveetigetion of Ii lien honey Ieodwerd refleete that he wss in
eonteot with De Hoflnenn. Ioodwerd he been reported es e. Oununiet end
formerly worked on the Iuoleer Fission Project et I12, em thereetter at .
hoe Almost V * 00-844188-18! Q
De Boftnenn wee interviewed oonoerning Iobert I. la-sink durizg 1947
end he stated thet he nee quite tenilier wi Inrehek end hed nueeroue
opportunities to work with hie end hed found Iershek to be e brillient
eeientist- B eteted thet he believed B1-shek to be honest end tundenentelly
leyel end pet:-iotio, hut liberel-minded, end else e hot heed in hie
politiesl vien. lo eeid hrehek hed been e souree of eene trouble to the
beleqeitieetion 3eetion et Lee Alenes erieing when he published e booklet
"Our Atueie Ior1d.' It night be noted thet Ierehek hes been the subject oi
en extensive investigation whioh reflects hie eonteete with e nueber ofpersons believed to poeeeee emmmiet eympethiee. 16-9669-7!
in nrtiole in the Washington Poet of February 10, 1960, retleoted
thst e number of Anerioen end Britieh eoientiets Iere in laglend en
Februery 9, 19$, for e tour-dey oonterenoe on etmie energy end enong thoseettending ees n-. Frederic De nornunn. es-saeos-0! 9
Ihe report or Bpeoiel Agent lhornee P. Ioleughlin, Jib, deted lay 2,1950, It Boston, AILIIA éatu 0100 entitled '1'heodore Alvin mu, B I
nu. - no.3 Be 8e.::, Ie ionege - H, refleete thet lb Botmenn eee
one of e group qr tour v _ ls, including Isl 1, reeruited from Ierverd
University for work et Loo Llemos, Iee Iezioo, in Jenuery, 1944. The hot
thet De Eotenm end two others went to Les Llenoe e.t the eene tine es B11,
however, is not believed significant on the heeie of eveileble infornetion.
It is pointed out thst Professor Yen Vleok of the Brverd Ieoulty selected
three of the group to be sent to Doe Llenoe es sssistente in e theoretieel
group heeded by Hens Dene. Q
II lay 17, 1950, Ir. R. Gordon irmeon, Speoiel Assile to the
Under Beereteryet Btete, ed-vised Bpeoiel Agent Robert J. lenphere that
lottnen ens one of the committee of Bender Responsible Reviewers who pre-
pered tor the itonie berg °onnission en enelysis of the into:-netion
lmiehed by Fuchs to tb luesiens, es related by Iuehe to Dr. Iiohel I.
Pen-in. ' J
OI t - A - _ .
It is" reeonnended thet Hotmen he interviewed for ell information he
ney lave oonoerning Fuohe,end pertioulerly ee to whether he plsyed my pert
in having Fuohe eseigned to Lee ilenoe in iugnet,1944. Ltteohed tor yourapproval is e letter euthorieing Albuquerque to intervi Dr. Prod Hoftnenn.
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Appnbahs investigation or tlhan, ihufa trno illnén hvortojo
tbn mu» rotlcnt that 0 -11 avui on in hhoj Hanan; n-aorta
via Ill thn nbjut of an tmqltlguuon bind op the allegation an he vat ;
an d;01:¬,c!' the u-nm_ nhpo, "thud t.tut_h_.| hullruolnd u latter
Q. D lnttalm, 15 Llfn lad, Ihitchuroh, Ill? Caril, ~'._,-1__;'~¢_'-;».A.f;_*'+f1-Mr i !=P-i=$1r r-'-11-¢ Pr ?'9'!'.1*!=;__ ; 1" " 7" _I.; -*.92,": '_ 1j;jl*"1' ;_=-.# '~:_,.'1.-'f'_-;~
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ml In ltatod that he nu quite hulhr with hunk and had nuurouMi VII 3:;/
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Page s! withheld entirely at this location in the le. One or more of the following statements, where
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Deleted under exemption s! _ C with no segregable
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lnfonnation pertained only to a third party with no reference to you or the subject of your request.
Information pertained only to a third party. Your name is listed in the title only.
Documents originated with another Government agency ies!. These documents were referred to that
agencyes! for review and direct response to you.
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Of??? Memorandum - UNITED stains GOVERNMENT .
_ 1?! *. Director, FBI nan: 6/12/50
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,__ ' I 0 ...,.92;_-;': 5/ SUBJECT: ~. FQQCASE ,
ESPIONAGE - R
RsBulet to New York 3/B/SO, with which there was an enclosure
received by the Bureau from Special Agent LIS-I Vi-IITSON, then in London. Particular
reference is made to the enclosure to reBulet, which was a transcription of notes
taken at the hearing in Bow Street Magistrates Court concerning FUCHS. I
The third witness listed in the transcription of the hearing was
MICHAEL WILLCOX PERRIN, Deputy Controller of Atomic Energy Technical Policy of the
Ministry of Supply in England. Mr. PERRIN, according to the transcription, inter-
viewed FUCHS and obtained ball details as to the exact information_passed by FUCHS
to the Soviets. The only information to which PERRIN apparently testified was to
the effect that the inform-tion passed by FUCHS was of great value to a potential
enem of Great Britain. '
Rqcently Dr. ROBERT L. THORNTON, one of the key iyeicists at the
University of California Radiation Laboratory, was contacted by an agent of this
office in connection with another investigation. Dr. THORNTON conmsnted that he had
been a mmber of the declassificationpanel which met in Chicago in 19b7, and that
Dr. FUCHS had been also a member of that panel. Dr. Tl-IORN'1ON mentioned that FUCHS
had on occasions exasperated some of the panel members because of his conservative
attitude with regard to the advisability of declassifying certain atomic energy
type information. THORNTON stated that upon reconsidering FUCH's attitude at that
time, this attitude was certainly an excellent guise to cover an individual who was
actually transmitting information to a foreign govemment. Further, it was Dr. -
I1-IORN1ON's opinion that by being conservative in the declassification hearings, Dr.
FUCHS was able to ascertain Just what factors and considerations were taken into
account by the various panel menbers when they attempted to reach a determination of
the advisability of declassifying certain infomation. By so doing, FUCHS was in
a position, according to THORNTON, to evaluate just what aspects of atomic energ
information the particular panel members felt to be of miliary significance.
Dr. THORNTON concluded that if FUCHS was attempting to dete
what the panel members considered as holding forth the greatest premise for
military development in the field of atomic energy, he could not have been more
"damnably clever". In addition, Dr. '1'!-IORNION observed that he had had occasion to
review the results of an extensive interview with FUCHS in which FUCHS detailed the
exact items and documents which he had transferred to the Soviets, as well as setting
forth the exact inquiries made of him by his Soviet espionage superiors. Dr. THORNTON
related that he is sufficiently acquainted with the entire atomic energy field as/45. .'//A_~.4.¢:.Z-4/,1 ;/,i;;i£;1§;§'£1{ * .3;*f?;fi'%ii5°°R°Ev- 1» . M" {F3053 . .,...1,..Z its W7 A L lNFORM$92T! ~=92 . man L»a"Yl~='~<~.<=¢¢>6-1?1+8*' 1- 4;'.é¬f..r HEREINI |*£CL.*.SS!FiED~- =~»¥~"~ B£i%
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Letter to the Director fran SAG, San F1-anchco 6/l2/50
RE: FOOCASET .
ESPIONAGE - R
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it e:d.sted_d92,u-ing FUCHS work at Los Alamos to appreciate that in order for the q _
Russians to fhave desired the answers to some of the questions put to FUCHS, my - -
must have received infonnation from persons other than FUCHS. Also, according to. _ p
Dr. H-IOB.N'ICN, the omission of certain types of inquinles not apparently addressed _'to 1-nous wouldvlead him to conclude that the Soviets were able to obtain the 1 '
answer to such questions from sane othersource. , "- ' _ '
. , , . -, 1 ~- 92' _ -_ _ . .. _
' ' ' Dr. '1HOBNI'0N stated that the pattern of questions asked am! _
information supplied by FUCHS is somewhat analogous to the developnent of a chain." '
The chain would represent the course of research which ultimately resulted in the _'
atomic bomb. With am links missing the chain would be incomplete and the bomb, -
the em! prodmt, would not have been developed. Dr. THORNTON feels that while <
FUCHS furnished essential links of the chain, it might be possible _b1,,a thorouga _
review of the inquiries made of FUCHS and infomation_given him todetermine with Y t
somraccuracy what other Ftygsnf 1iE_Qm,a,on the Russians would have needed__to D
complete the chain. Fr. monsoon believes that 1: such aireview andwanalyeis 6:
FUCHS activities with his Soviet superiors was conducted by someone well acquain- .
ted with the entire atomic energy picture, that person could thereafter state that "
in addition to this information the Russians would naturally have sought certain
additional information. If they had not obtained certain additional infomatiori,
they would have had no apparent reason for asking certain later questions of Dr.
EH3. D 92
Dr. 1'HOB.NTON, in the course of this discussion, did not volunteer-
to perfonn any such service for the Bureau; however, relationships with him in the
past have always been cordial and he is considered a valuable contact of this office _
at the University of Califomia Radiation Laboratory. '11-_IOR.N'10§ cg-gesgegnintereit ' '
in whether the _Bureau had ever considered attacld.n5_the_p1;obl_an of identifying .
Idtional Soviet agents "!L'hi'ougfF £11153-aster inverse method? ahH"'ind'icated EE.t he is
personally into:-ested'Ih the mss upon the problem. It
vqs Dr. '1H01N'ION's further view that if the Soviets had three or four additional
espionage agents in positions of rank and stature about equivalent-to that of FUCHS
and these three or four representatives were strategically placed in the Manhattan
Engineering District projects, the Soviets could thereby have gained complete infer-_
mation as to the results of Government-sponsored research during World War II in the
field of atomic energy. ._ _ ' - 3 _
- It is not known whether the Bureau has considered the advisability
of attaching the problem of identifying additional Soviet espionage agents in the
atcmic energy field by the procedure suggested by Dr. HIORHTOR. It is poesib.l.e that a -
the Bureau has , through its liaison with the Atomic Energ Camission, made an _
evaluation of this possibility after a review of the results of MICHAEL WILLCQl_ _ .
PERRIlI's interview with FUCHS. If such has not been done, it is suggested that the
Bureau consider the advisability of exploring Dr. 'I'HOR.NTON's suggestion further in
view of the possibility that by so doing additional espionage agents might be
detected.
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oroocasz, asp, n. 2: an voax'1.1:1"n:n an mun -ra1nn 1,ns'r AND s Y LETTER.5 MY FOURTH; Ll Ti QQPIES of PHQTQGRQPH F HARRY GOLD BISPLAYZD TO
1???-. . . W s 4 I~. IIJIFIRBERT _BOSTf!N. UHO D_ID H91 IDENTIFY EMU. =Hu ,
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' shers! Bureau ni Investigation
'92%"T';'1'=l-'="-'
_ American Enbassy
_ 1, Groevenor Square _I . ' M -_ L0hd.Ol'l, we 1 I ' _
>- HQ 26! 1950 .. -
_ mnmmcnvemr.-A1Rco92:@,APo1Jcu_~ - . !.~=.>'Y/'/--4-. -_/, Director, FBI _ 'a ? °hi"5"'°"" D c - nx-:c:.-1-zssmzc
RE. FOOCASE " _ .' Dear Si:-:_ ESPIOIUGE - R W gq dz
' There. is attached hereto one signed copy oi a detailed 10-page '
' statanent of FUCHS concerning his activities in the above-entitled,
$8.86. - -. 7
. J 1!' ',|~;¢-I-in 8.01%- . .It was impossi le £oE' td.m"jto"§13é'Eifica].J.y' identify the specific
meeting at which specific docunmt or other information was passed
to his contac OND in New York City, By rationalizing he could
conclude that the research had developed certain itans of information
by approximately e given date and, if he had a meeting shortly thereafter, .
' he would conclude solely by rationalization and logical reconstruction -
.6 that this information would have been passed by him to RAXMOND at a£4} specific time. For the reason that he was unable to particularly identityg written papers and other information, which he passed at am one specific
meeting held at am one specic place or time in New York City, it
'7 became necessary merely to describe his knowledge of certain meetingsWhdd, which are not necessarily in proper sequence, and than to list all .[0 of the information which he passed to RAIMOND as best as he could recollect. .
This l0-page statanent has reference therein to certain technical terms,/ with respect to the atomic bomb research and development, which may be 'decided upon as restricted, classified, confidential infomntma hichshould not be made public and for this reason, inaddition ,to Qldaile
as disclosed by him in the first 10-page signed statement, there was alsoYd! obtained fr 1| him a shorter statement in more general tenns, dealing with _this mzgke omitting the items which might be considered classified 'Q EN¢ cmdmti to disclose. , .1 - c . -A
. FUCHS agreed to sign the original and one copy of each of these
statements and the thin copy of each of the statements, as signed by him, _is en osed herewith. an . nl _f?g0§__, /3 171.U . -4 - ."/V mmxm ~1 _ -
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I, E111 Julius llama Fuchs, a pziaonor in Wormwood scrubs, a
pun institution in mm, Ehgland, <1» harsh mks this mm ,
tron]; and volunurlly, Iith no prouiau or throats having bean aado
tom, amlhavobom. specically inforuodthntl dnnot havoto '='
makoaqrstateaoptotmy_k1ndw1utoonor¢ 5 . ,-_ _ _ . . . . . . ;. .
=} lls ltatcnimt. in z-ado to Hugh B1 Clog}, who hag been idntild
to ll as an Lisiatant Di.r¢oI'.o'r,'an:l'to Robot!-__ J. LBlpbQIQ| Ibo ha: bl _'
sauna to no an i Spocial hut, both balm idmtified as o!.t1oora___
of tho Fedora]. Bureau of Invostigaticn, mum: Staten Departaent of" f _
Jhatico at Ialhington, Diltrlet of Columbia, 0.8.1. I an akin; thin
atatemmt in the pl.QII1eO_ at tho ho aforesaid otfioero and Ililliu '
James Ska-don, when I know to ho an office: of tho Security Sorvico
of the United Khzgdm. "
I woo born in Rnuolahoin, Gummy, an December 29, 1911, and booms
I naturalizod oitlam of tho Unitod Kingdom m Auguot 7, 19b2, I cams _ .
to England on-1 on Soptcnbor 2!>,_1933- In lay, 19!:-1| I accepted V - -Iqplqm-at at tgrnivoraity oi Birninghn in England an o scientist as '
stain morn ruin-oh dcnlopmt. Elam {loaned or tho purpou of ;
um nun-oh Iork, I clad-sled and plamod to tarnish intomaicn our "*
corn.-Ln; this mrk to lad tor tho bcnotit ot tho Union of Soviot Socialior
Ropubnoa, ho:-oinaitcr rotor:-od to an the Sadat Unim, anal, in order to
oitootuato thin plan, in oar]; I poromally ocntactod an individual
in mma, Ihm I know omnnilkie lfflirllflidrtbli 1--'
totho5ov1o92I1nicn.I sqnlillbityandroadlnuc
to furnh conlidmtill and 0
affiliation which gun no
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uumnim; In rim: City, nag I6»-1:, vmrifzo an. beet. .1 lg 1-...n.<=r.1.h,
e.roundcbristm.a's19A3; Imessaindivicmaietthetimeandaathe day ~
previously agreed upon. He was nearing gloves and carried en additional ' "
peirofglaveeinhis handandlbedatcanisballinmy hand. Reex-
changed designated identification words and I gave my correct name and .
he used the name of Raymond in making initial. introductione. Raymond
Impressed his pleasure st being chosen for such an important assignment. -
He mggested he me to make certain, in keeping future meeting udgnnezxts,um. 1 III not b81Dg_fO1lO1I0¢. Doria; am. or the next. succeeding zaeeiq --
ing with Fmqhoumd, accede euerg endtrie development oi an atomic bomb ~
were discussed by referring to these terms in a general wig._ _ - > -. . -.,.s - - ;a .. .
I an motivated in keeping this meeting by e desire to aid. the
Soviet Unicn. I coneidered Raymund; status ea an agent. i.nte1'media1'y,-
acting for and in behalf 0! the Soviet Union in i<eeping_ with the plane
aforementioned, which were initiated in England. '
.. . .. ... _.... >92 _. ..... , A___ __ _
1: end mring ¢.u1.':1m meeting with Ragmznd in nu. cmi, vi "
agreed upu: an early subsequent meeting and the time and place for such
meeting", in orderjhet I could mmish to Rqnond high]; cmfidentieland classified docmnente or infomintion conoeming etclsio me:-gy reacerchj T5.
and onrelnzxam. maqzn. control or the Hsaghatten llrgineer P!.:oric92."~_._. .-... . . , I --;..._.~ .- ._.' _ .__>-,_' _ __ . :.
" A subsequent meeting bowed: Raymund and waelf, in keeping with ' »
u-rangenmts, was held in Manhattan, Ken York City, in the vicinity of '
the Quecusbore Bridge approach as we nlked under this bricge dnrirg this
meeting, which was held alter dark. This meeting occurred during the 1
ear!; pert oi 19%;» .. ,' A f _ <_'.' .-. - ' . H
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A lb mother mmm on-an; can :11-a. hm: Of mu, 1 met aqua, i -A ~--.1 .
by pa-eerrezTgad' |5reae|_1t_.j'bece'e'c! us,'_oui1§=he e-subuera3f._etioc';l ' possibly the flg.aem' lj Perk Wee; in" ee !o11_k_ Q15; :_ *7;Eeyumd nsdellg sugguted the meeting pieces, bub I_b|:1ieve I suggested-A ...~;__ +_;._..:§-
V, this sheet-in; it, no nllll; it ad 77."l_' H 4, . . .._ . . --- ' . --. -= - -. -4.--.- -- - - .- . 1-=-¢.--92'5+~ ~ -<2-.are . <___~- ;;..; .;f_»92__;,__;-".=;.~_-_ - _-= A.-.1; -._5 :-,» ~ . .,- __. ~- -=_: .4 --. -_ 7 _4__ - -.1 4 . ._..* ~-_1~,,:.-;;§.$~,-.=-_--?E_?§f':--, F;e',r_=~. -1-. 92-. > ~ --;-"--- - -»» <- '1' .; .. =. < _ ~ , . ~-_;:. = I ¢. "r - ». <3 . 1 -3' .. , :. _ ... : .-1.-1 .&-vJ<*w-q... _-*92!5§1-.;¢§#§F--;"r'>H_ _-1;-f-Jrr .1-;_::.,,*al':J>+ .-3.: 4§,:.92»-.._»§_.'_,; 3-.».f.;§_; _,i'Z,92_92L-_{.:-,_'_ __J,;_.__;::'___>,___ _§1_~u, 3;'__JqIE Z _T..15__- ' " . ' ' - - " - < ' . 3"-T-=a""*~ .: :~'.-.i. ~--- . --_ q "A .U . -- -Mother tine, By prearranged agreement, in 1.91.5 I not Raymond in" ' -7 7 " * ~
the Bronx, Nee York City. This meeting ma near i cinna, I believe,
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on Grad Guncnuree in the vicinity of 159th Street or, 16l_ot Street"-_ ,5 ..: ,.~. _,. : v .. . - '. . -3" _ "_ ' :1-v -. -, -- ' "-"15.. I . .. _ - 7...»--' 71? Y ' ""__ . _ -- I . .» . --_ :31 _ A _. ._ ._.. , . .._ , - '-
' I believe I recoil. another persona]. contact between Raymond and F -
wyeeJ.£inQueIle,ll¢IIorkc1t], 1319M - 1 - l _
There were held about five or six meetings between Reyniond and . '
rqeelf in he York Qity during the period tree sometime short]; otter
my Arrive]. there in December, 1916, to sometime prior to up deperture h'
in luguet, 19%, true lee Iork Ht; for I-ee Alanoe, lei H0100, for
ofticiel eesigmmt on the etmic energy project there¢"§_j_"._~ . -1* ;
_ 92 92 _ . _. _ 92. . .<. 4 _ _ - -
, 4 fherenée one other arrangement Iermyheetiog with Bsqneandin 1914!; _ "'
in Brooklyn. lee Iork, on 'e street loeetim near sane large buildin->;e and ' .
where there no heavy tretric. This designated piece may be on Eaten:
Parkway, but the meeting did not occur ee I feiled to eee Rqnoud, e}.- -»:
though I no there. '
it ell. the meetings between myself and Rayaend no other person '40- 92 ._
ecnpenied me and I observed no cne who seemed to know Raymond. loot of
these meetinge betjqem Bagnmd and zzweelf were arranged by no to occur t
alter dark. _'.' _- Q, .- - 1" A , . _~fl': -"
-- -; .- * .1 - ~, '-.1 ...- ~_ . . . . ,, . L ,. 1 - . .. . - . .. _ _ A . . . . . _ , .
Ilpm w official assignment with menbere oi the Britieh Iieeim,. on ilork
under the o-retell control of the lanhettm Engineer District in lee York, .
I, with other eeiut-iste, wee engaged in e etnq of the principle of '
glee-one diffusion related to the development of the production of meteriele
to be used in e propeeed detonation oi tieeicnable materiel. _' _~ __- '
. - . - . . A
I, with other eeimtiste, prepared certain highly cmfidmtiel end L _
classified docmente reletizg to our official udgmmt end referred 3-L
ee the IS Seriee of documents. there can e total. 01 epprexi.mate1,y nine-1'
teen ouch 14$. documents p-reinred prior to :1 deperture for Lee Linea, _?-?} 15Ree um , 1; lugut,'.l9A_b»"= -1 perlilllj prepdrd ebout erdeeunmtu In the proceed oi the preperetien oi thoee X8 deeménta II'1I»1'v§;'?'-h,-'--_-Qhy me; I uou1.d_tiret proper-_e~ e 41-en, theqee ace oceuiqne they eeoldnot to Q inediete euperlor fer. 1-e_ading;,_then, in turn, mun>1 ';;§-'1'=' , _. '.|
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_.t'-. -1' 92' :¬_,..mine!» -1for dupiicatielu Inlaeat instmcea, heoeve I would reut.itn.'1i£e1¬,; T
I prepared, directly for duplicetiune In ell ineteneee, ihcx. I prepared - ' F
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the draft, and the original draft would be rot edf J
to DO: 1-week!-number Each of the duplicated oopieeltor control and - "'_ "" '*3"'-5
security purpoeee, due to the tdghly ccnfidentiel character" of the con-_ ~ 1{.F_
tmtet I would personally retain the original draft, which moat of the ' - ' -.'-i-.'j- .' .
time I had prepared in longhand, and I personal}; u-ninhed all of the ' '
drattl 0! my mm cmpositim direct}; to the individual know! to no as '
Raymond, uith the intent and purpose that he serve an en intermediary in
the elfentuel transmittal of etch eeeret documents to and for the benefit
or the Soviet Union» These documents were at tine: folded and at other "
tince in package tom end were delivered per-molly Ly me in groupe of one -
or more at moat of the edforementioned prearranged meetingo, efter the ' A
initial contact meeting which 1'; hid covert]; nith Rqmnd in Ree Xori; liity 4 , *
- Lino during my meetings with Raymond, an above mentioned, in Her York _
City between Deccnber, 19:43, and Au-guot, 191,5, I furnished to Raymond ccn- '_ '_
fidcntial, claesified official intonation, which had come to my knowledge
by virtue of my official employnmt an work under the overall control of
the htanhdtm Engineer Dietrich, an follows: Oral information that there
was to be built somewhere in the Southeastern pert oi the United Staten
e largo producticn plant or establishment to be engaged in the production e
of tiuicnehle materiel, utilizing the gaeeoue ditfuaicn process and the_ ~ e
eloctro-magnetic process in ouch production; oral intonation ae to officere
and identities of leedim research perecnnel ae known to me at the gaseous
dittunion research eetehlishnnte under the Manhattan Ihgineer District in
Ree York; information in writing, Iron tine to time during these meetinge __
between myself and Raymond, concerning the overall and gluon]. effort end
activitiee elreeq nude and than being made, an this kaoiledge became knoll
to no in comectim with w om work, relative to the production of fieeioneble '
materiel and its potential use as en exploeivo in the oer effort; general in-, -
Iomatim in writing about the mcnbranee and their coupoaitiaa, end, although
I did not know the technicel details, the general intonation nee,of!icie1, :_caa£idmtil1_'end o14lee:l..eds: g - .1» .a_-";.§-,1-A ;»'~ __§-_¢;A 1;-?..Fé.; . J
' .~ ¢-= ~" ' In keeping with ofticiel inetructiorie received 11 me, I no
to Loo L1anoo,__Iev Mexico, there I arrived um or about .hgul£,1k, 191a-le;_ £01153?
work an the atuufe energy project there under the control and overall
vision of'the Emhnttan Engineer District. ' At -Loo Alamo I nee provided e»~;_-'3'?-"t=."'place or residence on the United Staten Govem-.nent_ reetricted eree in e " A
dormitory and took up enplhncnt as e plvaicist in the Theoretical Division _
er~
V -5-
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of the. !.sborato:7.' By virtue oi Q work, my associations in connection ' ";
with my uprk and the availability of confidential and classified official 1;, ='-@.."_;I.
decxnente, 1' developed, received end had access to contidmtial, claesi-__ _ -_ 11$-E
tied interaction oi on 'of!icio1. character. lb workehile in Les ame ._ f --
was concerned with e certain highly classified aspect of the method of. - -A :
detonaticm, various implociua designs, the theory of the Jets in eonnecticls
with implosion, and similar oormfidential tork as on expert physicist. I _
remained in such employment at Les Aimee until about June 16, 191.6. During
this period of official osployment I made e visit to the home of my sister, -_ ' '
lire. Kristel Heincmm, and her husband, Robert Iieinensn, <_n Lakevieu Avmue, j_ '.
Csnridge, assschnsetts. I arrived at aw sister's home on or about February, _
13, 191:5; ind ruained there on e visit unti_l about Feb!-nary 22, 191,5. While
there, and shortly after ny arrival, I m visited by the aforementioned in-- .?;.'.
dividual know: to no as Raymond. Raymond not me in up sister's residence ' _- _ _e
and there was e brief visit. Be asked {or additions]. up-to-date infometim
and I told him I would prepare in Iriting details of bomb construction and
other technical details of this research work. I knew from my previous om-
versations eith Raymond that he was not qualified to understand most of the
techn.icel_infor:nation which I possessed, so I agreed to prepare a written
atnténmt ciintiinfng such fnTom=T.Ion1 Within e fer days thereafter, by .
preorrangnsent and agrocnent made at the bane of my sister as to time and
place of meeting, I did meet Raymond in Boston, Massachusetts, at a place
Iairlyneer the Cherles River and near a large public-type of building, Hf . -:
reaamsbly oloseto whet is E-10811 es North Station. There and than I ~ , *3
delivered to the inglividuel qnond e erittm etatahmt, which I had prepared ' -, 92
inlonghsndandconeietingoiebout-eizormorepsgee,inrhichlhsdeet . ,
forth confidential and claseiiied information end date deeling with the h ' '
uhole problos of making an atomic bomb Iron Iisaicneble uateril as I this p
knew the problem and the agreed upon, as well as prospective, plans so than " . --
knoen to mos There was in this some document, written by me and delivered -pf I
kg no to Bayonne, intonation as to the principle of the method ot detonation" .j_ _i
or an atomic bomb; some info:-antics: knom to no as to the type of core; the I _
principle of the lens slates, which had not yet at that tine iin-aH;' been _'
adopted; the size as to outer dimension of the high c*xplosive_ component; _
the possibilitfof making s pintcniw bomb; nest of the iniomaticn which "51
use then knoen as to inplesim; the £oc_tQthst' e, high explosive.» 'a type
of om reseim use cmsidered but not entir decided on; the difficulties; $3 ' P I '1! h -at mu:-iple po1.:e__d_¢.-motion as this no I. Problem on 3-h,1<_=h
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-"81 >.. .- - I:_ ' I
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the highly opcateneoue iission_rate of plutoniun 21,0; the ocnperative _ I ,_,,,@=;_-;,1.-_.critical use oi plutonium ae ccepered with uranium 23$; the lpproxineteanountot plntoniun neceeeargf tor such e bomb; the current ideas ee to _ A, Fthe need for on initiator. 1 wrote this statement in Englidl and in ____5;1,:- "'
technica._l lmguege, which, I believed, could be understood by advanced *1 =5. '
pbjsieiate in tne,.301ie_t_Union, tor nhoee use and purpose I prepared ~ r
' During thie covert meeting between Eapmd and eyeelt in Boston in ' "Y "1':
Iebroary, 1916, II xeede en agreement and arrangements {or a meeting between .' ___us to be hed in June, 191.5 at 5&nts Fe, ¥ee ilexico. -A ': . _; >_ g , L
._ _ . o _ - ; _ v. Q . - - ' ..:. 4
. . 5 I returned to of work at I-os limos, lies lezieo, arriving there on I: -
or V'eboutPeh1-uaq 25519105. ' In keeping eith the atoreoentioned agreement .- =and plan made i_n__B'oetcn,'1 not 3515136 in 3en,ta ?e,Bse_ ilexico, in June, -
1916. This ease short tine before the Trinity explosion test." Raymond - 3
indicated that, me to his other Ihpldjllll," he had diiculty in finding » _ _F--_;3.'._-_<.
m opportunity to ccme to 5:1-ate Ye. We net, ae per arrangements, co Alameda ' ' 5*
Street more it Lies alongside the*r:l.ver. ldjocmt to this street is a _ _number of trees and benches. I wont for the car I use using, picked up ' ' "'"-'-=
{92 ' IRaymond end se drove across the river bridge, turned into a lane which endedat e gate in on isolated place, and there we continued our meeting. Idelivered to B-eyzaond confidential and classified written information in e - ~ .
paper or document, Ihich 1 had personally written in longhend. Included 1 Q;
in this written paper were the Iolloeirxg item of confidential, 'c1esei1'ied '_ _""intonation: A xdeecripi-1o'n of the plutonium bomb, Ihich had bean , ' - _ '_ " "
deeigxed and no _ planned to be tested st A_1ueogordo; ajketch of the» - Q »___=
boob and its components with important dineniooe -indicated; the type 01" ' _.
eulo- eore s deecri tion of the initiator; details, es to the taupe:-;[1Bl cal _o:.-5;I P
tions; and the method of calculating etticimey. I orally i.nIo1~.aed Rqannd, _ _;5;
while so eel! in the car at the time and place indicated, the nmee oi thetypes of explosives to be used in the bomb; the fact that ne lrinity test _ ' ~ 1;;
explosion wee to be made, with the approximate cite indicated, soon in July, _ ;
1955, and thst this test was expected to eetehlida thst the atom bash would _ __ ;'._'_>,--I-.T-=
produce an explosion vast-Ly greater than T81 and the oonparstive eatinated -" _
erce or this qmnq pee i.ndice_tedin_ nun eith_Prelct.1.on_ to *;mr._ an er;-1'.the woman gm jme qle1ieered'W Ii! to the muumu to me ee. -_
Beqzsorad, asjbove set forth, both or_s.I.1;f'md in I_r_it_d.n| and in the lore of» 5;.
sketch, -u_;m<m" by ne__te_ be mgniy ¢q:.f1d¢1l~1e1'and clssaified end
teinedto the princr_lp_ILe,- production, __e_a1cu1etcd effectiveness; testing; -:_§;;.-;-=ér_.15-}'1» -"ii?"_- ,=~- -__ _ .':-,-_'-_,;;=_-- 2 - ,_ _; ._; 7 1 ..,-., I, rug .'. .7 ._ _ -- _- r -7.. __ . _-_=-,»-'92_-'-__-__,,__';~p-;-;_~,-_.-;.' "*1_., .1-. "92» vr - $1-.-2.", '--.'=<~ --.'....=-"-:~.'.='.~=< = .~ " '~. ; =-' __ - ~ ~ _. - - e.--' -P » : '. L . .3: .§ A_,.;__, -;:__~ 11., L » A '_ 92. .. _e_- . _aff_-1: f:f'_l_:;-|.__.',- rf V- :...c+...-.. __ ,..'i;. .,:____;: »_?§;;-.§:,__>92.,-L_:.
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oi Ame:-ice end the United lingdoin rote elite; eudeboth .et in-_ with e _;_.~;;-z:_'_;§;;l;.
enq at the tin, I recognized end knee that the izaioiaation, ekebeh,~ "':i;." .
ea Raymund related to the netionel defense and then: effort. In the :j""
preparation: at acne of the Irittu material, in addition to uq knowledge .
and recollecticn, I referred to official tiles and documents of e A 1
restricted, cJ.na11'1ed type in the records at theiatonio energy project .
at Loellaaoe. Thie wee done certainly !.n the preparation of the Irittea _ '
information delivered by me to Be;-umd with reference to the epedel .1 l. - _
not-hot! of detcnetion, _
; the__IN alcnletime enql the-,reeelte 0; elcienqf _ee1'cu1etioue.__ 3'5 -3 .§¢,h A >31_;;,_1i§'-11.; ]-,_.- ,Iribiitge end domnente delivered by me perahaly to am 1ndiv'.1.dua1.l:noI§' 'j1'j'i';-:1;-i»2}§
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n. thie eeting 1nf"J1ne, 191.5, between ammo ma myeelf sf Bent-e Fe, _ .
ee planned and agreoduponeturtaermeeting tobe heldin Santa Fe, ee ;
Elelico, in, I believe, Septuber, 19k§- In keeping with these plane, I met "
the some indivzldual. Raymund again in September, I-9&5 It Sank Ye, lee -
Blades. ' Y -
--->~ I .. _. ...... ._...__ -.._.' , , I . .
In route by automobile to Sent: Fe for thie planned meeting with F-qeond," ~""
I stopped eomnhere on the my Ln the deaert, drove 01'! the higtnn; to e .
eolttuy phoe, end note e pert-.91. the written; paper or doqmenf. which I F
pllmee toidelieeiiflte Bnynmd end.'eh1ch ooeteinee high]; condentia-l, of;-._ _
.d.e1_. end olaesitged lintonntim 1fe1at1ng1f¢o nettmel. defaaee, to the
preperetion o! ieprwed eeepone 0; eertere an'd eee:-et proceaeee relating he .
the production end'etf1e:Lenoy o! euel:.eeapoue.'_. The and n-ltten paper or 1 -
docmmt, which I prepu-at in lnghend, contained oontidentiel, teom1ee1,' ~
olueied intonation ee tolleen the reaulte oz the Trinity teat or . "'_
Alnegor stun bah ten exploaiaagloclnieel work an the'i.eLt1etor3
lunatic: me to the preeeeembléd core; a_ep'eci.eJ. phase of plutoeiu, end. .'jj,1.
the one at e epedel secret alloying constituent;-_ 111 of this er5,t-tn ;-'.-i-I,;f=;
inforaetitll _1_ge;re to the individual. to me ee Bqeond, in kpepdng I1§h;_'lK_i '_
pmrmse P1"!fMl'1|1tl use inwMm- we Mme mum lira
in the_trmaei_.i-eel elf; mi dle ton for *_bhe_uee {_'.¥.~%;,eaeumge of eon»: unxui in one new-m, andepace and
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Robert J. Lnphete photographs at en individual which these otcere 0!
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cl an individual the name oi ii Gold and I have seen these photoq-J Q;-?. 57 "T7 .- >-grepheand positively identified thee ae the photographs 0! the e.tore-_-._"921j~92;
mentioned person imom to me, ea Raynmdy - I nee eieo "soon e projection fi »-;
of e moving picture film Iy these same officers oi'_ the Federol Bureau o.f_;_.},.-_.<
Inveetigatia: which I have positively identified ee the moving picture j * ' o
projection of the eformentioned individual knoln to me ee Raymond, and
these some otticere have informed me that these were the projected moving
pictures oi one lie:-:7 Gold. These pictures or phO'bO$1't1{Jhl were ot e
person identical eitn aw oonteot agent ol the Soviet Union in the United
Stetee of America. _ ' _, -..- | - - ~ J ~
- ' I received suggestions from 3-xynond during the etoreeeid neeting he ' _-
hed Iith me in mt; Fe, Nee liexico, that, since 1 was to return reasonably.
soon to England to continue sq-atomic reseerds end" eoientitie ectivitiee 1
with reference to etcnio energy there, 1 should arrange tomeet e certain .- e
individual on e given date and et e specied time in the vicinity of ~ '
Remington Crcecent, London, England, for the purpose 01' continuing to
furnish, through. this indiviouel. es en agent of the Soviet Union, edoitionei. *-
conlidentiai, cleeoiiied information, in order that such information might
in the future, IoL1ovd.ng my return to England, be transmitted to and for
the advantage of the Boviet Union. line to intonation which I received
th o tinted eourcee relative to alle ed Soviet eapionege eo- . - mush pub!-1 9 s
tivitiee in Canede, I decided not to run the rial: of making the ccntect _
mick had been suggested to 'me 1:; Baylnmd prior to sq departure from the _; _
United 5tetee, but, on my on initiative, I sought out other contents . . I
Ihida night be need tor e purpose-' _- 1 >- j _ 1 4? 4 .
~ Iretui'nedto§1glandi.nthesumeroIl9la§ endtookup enploynat -'
in the etonio reeeercn establishment at liereell, England. After w retum to .
lhgland, I nee again in contect Iith peraone whose reel idmtitiee I do _ _ .
not know, Int eta: I contacted Iith the intent of tarnishing to the Soviet
Union information concerning etonie research developments. To these per-'i*.._ - A
cone I mmiahed additional intonation concerning etonio research which , _
bed cone into my poeeeeeioo, both in the United 5tetee and Englentl, in- * A-,1 "- _;_:_4"<_
cln intonation a to certain research being mode on the prohld .' 92 .'<of detmeting" e Q beet. 37' 14, oonteet in thie reepeeteee in 191.9-.1 or 3 :.~- I "'1 -Q 3": -I'7°u;. :' .1 I ' 1- "tr:. - <1?» 1 '.I_2.*,;:»;' '. 1;-H " - ~ -"- .J;§*_e-f;-:§,&;='.~,-; . A -_ ,: ,_.' . > _vL .. .7 __ ,_ ,1-. M, ___ _ v I I _. . K _ _ _ .._}.~ .__.'__ ._;_ ~ W _-_ ;<4,- ,4:-Q-E5 1;: - vi 1.» e- _ 3%.. -'-_.-.-.f._;___.v!- ,,-_.q.f_¢,,, :1»; ,5 A _ -__ J I _~_ _ gal ; _ ,;__;- ; .;:_~. .. .. . _. . . .- , - _- . .. ¢ 1 - < lg-i.;__'_:>
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bauodthnumaotwmuadmankim Lona Raymond A
up:-sued ht: pleasure at bdng aha-a lzportant augment.
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I an nutint-.ed in keeping ml: ho .
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lei-1n3£ol'ln<l1.nb0hA1fo!th03u'¢1.n plane"
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to nee two different proeeeeee, which I named, in the production of
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FEDERAL BIINEMI OF INVESTIGATION
FOIPA DELETED PIGE INFORMATION SNEET
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indicated, explain this deletion.
Deleted under exe|nption s! __ with no segregable
material available for release to you.
Information pertained only to a third party with no reference to you or the subject of your request.
Information pertained only to a third party. Your name is listed in the title only.
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agency ies! for review and direct response to you.
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' 92
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92n_l Ulgde Tolson / 2&5?L- 92 spajncn 92
l FR-'Jn'Oilié Memorandum - UNITED s"m'rF.s GOVERNMENT /i
DIRECTOR - m'ra= lay 34, 1950
I. lkTO :
PROM :
I doubt the wisdom of furnishing the detailed infor-
mation containedein the attached letter to CIA at this tine.
It is suggested that CIA in response to their request be
advised that Dr. Fuchs is currently under interrogation an <-=-u-
aonei_dera_tjon will_ be given at a later date to furnishing osuch information aeimalje available ooncerningglfi-._ Fuchs151-?
aétivities whiIe"In the T7nite¢TStates. Tt does not seem to I:
that CIA has any legitimate interest in this matter at this time.
N v~9%l-<
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gjé " - -~ 565'-58805.-/3'15W I _@/ 3.W9'T§so véséa 271955 W" 2 DATLJAZ9/.B~' I
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.- _ >01 -.= " am, Eben. 701, 515 -22nd Street, uw, we interviewed ax lay 10, 1950, -- 92.. . H ..1,.
- ' by Special Agents CHARLES F. LANMAN Ind IIAURIGE L. 'TL!1-CR. - nth are _ rsnoo.._ *' to the above visit, SEWIGE advised that he'_'had been invited by . -I ~ _-
._ Ire. LATHHORE to spend a week-end, June 2 and 3,*l.91|5, at the LATJIDIOBS
.' y .1. home, Ire; LA.'!"l'IMORI£Zhsv:Lng written and advising that others named would I_--_'~»-.-
* -attmd; SHIVICE stated he net Lieut; ANIHHI BOTH an !|iss'_"ROSE.IARZI1llIAN
, __j7at Urtitlfl Station, Iaehingtm, DJ 0., the aiteinotlz of "Saturday," June 2, '1 F
19115; and they proceeded by train 'to Baltimore, where they were an by .1 , .~.» . _
" Ire. LA'IHMORE- SHW'IGE'Iae not euro that Iet the party, -at-'-i _ 7-
-I '-Fjprsssing doubt that VI.A_'!"II!l l?.E_.bven d1'l.ves_. ASI§lV1CE advissdthat -A
Ilsa IARIITIEAN, 'Id.ent. ROTH and he spent Saturday and Sunday nights "at - {L 7."
the LLTTIHOI-:8 residence, Ruxton, lld., and retumed to Iadungton on
Monday morning in the sane way, being driven to the nearby railroad sub-
station by the IA'1"I'I!£0RE'll.
'- " _ _ - '-'-.-12*-' ""'7.'92"- *.*- 1'. '- ".- -.-. .- =.-~ ..:_.. .. ,'
;_ Ch Saturday evening SEWICE stated they sat around and chatted.
He recalled that BOTH brought the galley proofs of his book, . .
~<»- "Di1emma;|.n Japan",-or chapters 01' it, md -that ooneidsrable time ms ., : .-92 ,
T A prone to bed with him when he i-etiredypresmgably in order to review than
' .alone. SERVICE was not particularly intenieted in the book or the subject A ~.
1 matter, ~stating he did not knowa great deal about Japan, nor did IATTIMGLE
the following day they took a walk in the morning. A little . _ ¥ -. later, two Professors ma their wives visited the I;AT'lIHORE's and they ma Qvlnnohsonoutside, roasting hamburgers, mad than sat around and Iade cmver-Fly
_sa'tion.,,_H_o reoal.1sd__no,.pai_-tioyalar latter _o£_1nterest, hutbatated poai- .. o, .. Q '=_tively that no, 1'*s1'ersifoe'wa'sma_defat any um; _8_a_tui'day or_ 8unday,_fto ~e:1t'§5'7i*' --l 3 I9- .-->:.' I
» dooimente or the dee1'aasi.oatia1'7oI dodaments; It was bii 1-@¢o11'a¢um" >5_-_,,_ 1 .-
;;{=-11;--thaz the Ii.QTHA_booE ma receivsdblearanos £i'om' !§I one thought ems: the -3 '06!1V61I81f-1-<11 It sdme'point may have included some reference toths' oontsnts " '
of _ths book 11; which documents nay__havs' been menticned. - However, he does -not remember any such reference." " " ' ° --¥*§2l"mg[E '1&FoaM§_|p§4 oqugééift 13%, */ QJ,».1?-_57-_7 .
e 3:121-80 xzaamrs :~::-.».f~'.*m_ M
no mo-zosmu u B1 1950
. , .=/¢/n ¢=¢=~#"»_?~e__..
-* 1 e--~'f"»!**= . .3--< G1 1 r ~"-. . .r 92_~.-. . g- -_ . ~.- .. - .9 ..92 ~-P ._ Is... e-- "'4'; -.%~~.1" - g~~- .3 _ 4-._ 7: ,..;-. -- .¢ 7 e"-~_ ..- L , 1 .1 ,~ Y ,¢ -.-. - - ,Lq -. -,- H-_~* 1 , _. .__ -, __ -__ - .~ _ .~ cs. Y92 . pr . -__ , , .. - ~ <...,_ c. ~.. .r.r - ,- .1 .~- .,4 _ , 1- ->_ .~, . ,_, *'. ~ -- ..|- ~? - U _ *5 -,5"--fr - -1,.--;_._.-.4 3,, A__.;., _.p_"'92 -,.,,;-._!T- , __,_-"5' Y1.-.92_~.. ;A_-.1-;'1_;..Z -J,-_ -.3 ->:_92._ -2- _/H ;"_.-:5 _"_-_i:..!,*";'r~_,92_=i _- ;»+.._- .1--""1 .. .. V . . = - --. - - 4 M '~ a - - - . ~, __i_.! __ ._,> Y .. _,__. J _.- _ ; |-<_-l-' ,-_-_
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- amvxca stated that he nae met mm the previous November 191;!;
cn m occasion whm SERVICE made an internal, oi!-tin-record talk"_at
the local office of the Institute or Pacic Helaticns. u that an
ROTH introduced himself and mxbsequmtly in the spring or 19b5, whm '
SEVIGB returned to this country, ROTH called him up and invited SEVICB
. -- to his home. It was during this period that he was introduced to
1 mum JAFYB. e = - » -- ~ e '-- . - '= = ' r< ,-'92 -- -.;_. 1' a...-'z_-.-. 1 ',-.»':...». * '- -. 1-=-1 __ ," 5 j ._A . I ._ _A _ I: ' . -... ;» I -. ;_ *,§i'_.-___- li :.92"_.i." .* r 1-' _ ~._ -__>:>"' #1 'a_~" < .~., 7-§"A,~§§_~;fS§1";_-_;i§'_L"_!-F-,~;_ _~ a - ~ - » - - . 1 .- .-;,*;~'::-:.'_ . -.-rJ 92 . .-.»_
It-V .~ huahergeince about 1937, although his subscription wae discontinued or in _ -
puhlica:licns; V He added that his membership amounted only to reoeiviag J .
the publication, "Pacic Affairs", "and "Far Eastern Survey", as he was ..
never active not attended meetings nor submitted any articles for IPB Q
d e I SERVICE related that he was stationed at the Btbesey esteblislment
maintained in Peking, China hbasay actually located at Ranking!, from _
' = Deoeaber 1935 to Jmuary 1938. During a portion of this time, LATHMORE _-4.
__ ; ._.was living in Peking and SEVICE believed he was engaged in work tor IPR
A that he first met LATIIMORB during this period and saw him socially oi! _md_ i
-s tioned that LCUIS BUIIENZ had said he was a pupil or IATTDIGIE and under . 1.4
' the latter's influence, and smvzca atly rethted this allogaticn. . _
.~, . .. ,.. i _ _ _ _ _
SEIVIOE advised that after the above period he believes he next V
saw LLTIIMORE in Chungking during the Summer ot 19141. He recollected that
LA'1"HJl0RE arrived in Ghungizing in the Summer 0! l9l92l as Adviser to
CHIANG KAI-SEEK, and remained about one year. He stated that he saw
I-Alli occasionally, perhaps two or three times, but recalled nothing '
of eigaitlcanoe in their meetings. He mmticned that during this period ' 92 .~.K-. 92.
. of his positia; and po.rpoeel.'yavoided> viaiting the Eapasay too often. _~ " 92...> -- r _ _-34", ' .~@- " ;-' »» ._._'> - - ' .'| -.1. - . 92.~ . _... , _ a A __ ~ -J ~ - "-..-:.~.->' "-'~ .- 4-: ~;1~.~ . 11 12 re . .¢.,.. - W, .__1 1 SERVICE advised that he again saw LAT'.'.I I?.E' the last part 0! "T7"
"December 191:2 _orJanuery 19113 on an occasion when SHLVICB visited, his home
' in Berkeley, Cal. He advised that Ll.'1HllOR.E was then in charge of the 1
office at nearby San Francisco and had dropped in his otfioe on cue occasion
' tor fa brief visit-~?" _ r J "_ 1 .. ;;_,r_;' ,-., _ _, , '- _'__.t_.4-
V? 92 -L atmtheleadlof October 191174, homrethrned to. I
;§;.;',_-. ;,.-_ jaehingtcn, D. Gt, from China,.and about November 15, 191:1 had give: the
4 '=- - - talk". before IPR members and its research statt I-A!"!IllJRE »»..»-1'9 . 1°? .1'°°°1<i. .1 J . ~.'F" ;nie'pr'eeant on this occasion audit is recalled that __he not AND! 3.015 the:-e._§;'?-1";-:"aleo,.i-glhe mace that wrnuma ihyited $6 ,his_,_hgm§,§£orltheiwejendh,I-1
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- .92 92 . 71 -{'0} I _ _,I_, ___ " ..-.:.-'-:.'. ,'_ r A __ 1- < - 5- ._ _ . 92 1 , Q3-Leo ?,;_h,_{@f_i§-i;;!§a¢_,c:=.,r:_£92'_'£ra§£i;;;.-E2_;u 3 Es,
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use reference to r1>n,~s21zv1cr stated he ma hem a s'chscI.H:d.ng __ ,
' edition "Pacific" Affairs", as well as engaged in wr.|_.ting a book. He stated '
--'on,*"a1though he was never an intimate trimd or close associate. Be men-b '1 Y./_>
abeyanoe from 1951 to 19115 when it was impossible for him to receive ite_.»_ 3 ._j»;
_" --» ..
lg;-~ .1.
LM"IIllORE had remained aloof "and was very discreet and close-nouther in 'ri.ew___
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- I~? h92ow1edge."",Be eorpressed _the__opi.n1on thst_1..A'1"I'I92l<I_<E was Anotée fprotund _;_;__
__;;i1_l;T'-; #7:? and thsfhs wrote qu1olrly'md 1911;. Hegisted Iron his omversations withl
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01? nnumoa, lay 11, 1950 ' '
um 100-2051.8 " -
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_ _ smvrcs eusmmu that he wss in Iashingtm again in April 19145_: ;_ E: as set forth hereinhstoro. _ .1 - 1 :1 _ .. 1» w." i:-.ir1is.m.-1 _the hone-0:! soomi c;.aP2,isu-usmay, 4.11. ;;w_z.artmosnma
Tii15~uri*i§¢i~5"'§r8am¬;' -se"ii"a6 dated ii'na'¬" r jthfe 5-es? h6*si4:,;;
v'1s1t"é={ %he"mTmo§ssi§g1a'_sun&qT>£;§& had Iimoheda 'wit1_1"t_hjan.*;}3e'~?e_§§~;i§ J said tmit on both oi! 't'hs'1i'1's,t two."6ocis';Lqiis o.th'er"oe,r_eo11s;wsre pi-estm '_5@§§2k§*§'.é. -A 1» ' -. ,
' suavrcs stated thaths [i-eoslled duri.u'g' the visit st -the tom?
"5_1;"*_§J§§-;;é;__'f1;-issidezioe, 92IAT'1'Il,-l B.E wee 'w_"é1-y 5.n'terested'1n the deteotimi or the Goum1ud.s'ts';7s"'Q1-*_ .. jij it: Iugoslavia ind the 'r1ee,_'o!_ 1_5.toi_.ss. Hewqs also interested in ther.-ls. j_-
ourrent policy and truu! in Oommmst China, as well es Gosnmmism genei-e11y'-_' -_.»
' fj _SER927ICB explained, !iomev'er', that mwmms was always interested in such _ ;.
_ _ Qnsttera :Ln_hi.s hapsoity otexpert on -social oienoes and was always seelclng
1-
student __m thesematters h1tthat_he was_s'g1£ted and _i.nter,esti.ng wr1ter-- :5:_._,-_:
LL.Dl_0RE"indQtron reading someA_o£"LAT'!I'll ICB's_'works', he di.d>not-believe5, 2.-'1_'_ = .>
thstLA1!I1lORE was a 0omunist,_nor could he reach the emolusim that *,>i.l-?_;¢:f-
er pro-Communist line to "such an extent to be considered m apologist
or advocate or Soviet policy. '
H __ S1§WIC_E_ stated that he had considered LATTILICRE as a man who tried
'1 'to'be objeotive and that he had 1eened__over haolmu-ds to present
points in his writings. In presenting _a fsotual picture otrsvents in '_ --TI
._ . . Chins it wasunsvoidable to set tfdrth suqbesses and inroads nsde by thee",-ft_ ____ _
- -'Ohinsse Cmiunists." SERVICE stated he per'sona11y'had neverreterrsd to -the .'T._
li."}§-'.- .1es*;: 7§Ch1nese 9om1m1stsies'eB'1a:-Len Dinners, but had'Yreoog!'d-zed th¬Ii!,lI'Is'r::i.sts'»'-'-'~ '~~'.->' 1-- ~-1 -».=" -_.;.,; 1-<_ . . . .. _A 1; _. 1 -_'< ~ "i*l'f=Imd ha¢"w.rIpvr*¢d--u¢=-PF? I-'~:§~-='=I@-92.=a§<.:$".-1 @>_J'-41->-.,»e;i;::!-1'-:1r:f=;.i:s:.1 -.1, if-5I-¢""< - .»._ -~»§:-_'LI."$t'f1~-'~"f -.;@w@ ~v.P@qp; ~ <- 92 1 1 - , -- --.. '_ - - . -= - ~- '1» | 1- __.; . .» 1 . , . ._ 5 I BEZVICE stated thst':I;A'1*'1!ZIil£IiB was not naive and was also ewareuotAth_
[1 character of the Chinese Gonmmists. In esplaining LA'1 1!l1lOB.E's tendency to
° ' present all sides of s questiczg SERVICE thought hiswork an IPR had in-'4 5"'-1.;
' ' uenoed him as in all articles presented LATHIDRE had to oonsider the re- '
v - ' ' action of the various umber states bordering thePso1o and said he under-
stoodthat srti,o1es subm1_tted'hy members from one Council would be_un£sworab1;-
'- =-"=--'* *1? -'=1'1¢1¢.1=~d hr imlidusll--f1'@'_i%Pih¢P 1 ;_.£ 1;..7 f'2.-- .. . .-_,,.w ff 1' __. . . . . Q» 4.,__ .|'~- r _~L" =_,1..~_.'---_---,92w ,= =, '-..,§,~ _ >g___l_'?1_>-_ J1,-_"3 -F. ';~"'~~= 1 -- 1- ¥~..».-~":-;~=7~f¥=-- -"1»¥,:.>¥-21-.-.+-"-<" -. ' -. 31'? -1 ' 5vA1.;_, - -_._.
fsmvics etstedthst ua1!iaa"'ms_t reed_','.1of LA'1 £Dl RB's books neg hadf_, be éiaminaa en: 7.§ry'oi0ds17 51'1t,t!iat__ _he= dj.d_n'qt fbmqvq LA1__1Ill0RE.'.If['__Qoonst1tuted A pqvcem 'or'p_m-¢'s9%1n prof>§g&id§_§**f,He_-stated ms.- _-- _ .. :1.-v_ ,1 _ . ,4 _-._ >1 -_ I _,1 ,->-~ I ,_ _,;-1 --;~_.. . -. 92 , - . ._-_$-_ih-._-_;_ ~ -' Z '_ .:92_-. *- . ...~. A 1: V: 2;--"-. _-~.. '..~ .7-.'<" . V. v...-'4 », .1 ;-_ _ 1-. . ~..I. -V - 1 -- ..-..-- ~¢a@e-1 .».n_¢ | c4.._-a.. ',> ___ -_-.._.__- in !>__-_ .f_;L_: ._§--.92 -1* . _~-.11 :!~_92»FI.;,"!>g. .. 3»-1.__ :f "v_-_ ,v- -_-at, - < .- .-. , _._ ' - ~ »- _'»~¬~.4 -~a..4-n_-nil-:-.1--"'_-.,1 $15 .a|Q- }~_-_§__;-.-- - _
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m'nn=u§:'no1=., new 1;, 1950
no 100-20ShB
" _ passages could be lifted from the writings Ihich appeeredto tavor the .;;A;_..~l~-' ,},;|_92,»%__.; _}o_m|;:|u4n.Ls_t po:Lnt__9_{__yis'I, _bu_t that there wens many other peaoea whichthe dimt .°.P.P°='i.t§-if.;1 .f $*I1I.'°°?1¥¥¢Q't1.¢¥. h§'~.1'P°931'¢..*M92- be W1 *1 -Jem eh anothero6uaeiq1;~?Ha'_atated :@natj1!rnI'sepzmbe1=-_19h5 ~-.;J?-§- L.»#.v-5_§,§§'j§192to'$ep1';s1aber;.1-91-|>6, h v1_i1jthe'sta_I_£p§_t_he_U.' S.1,'_-R0lit_ie_&1_Adv1Ber_in ' -,. State Department '.O_£;5.ee undezymeral Iaoarthnr!; 1n_ Janliafy l9|.925 ~- -._.-Z=.i1'<.orahort1.y]be'£ore, -LA'l 1'IMORB"_Ias in,_'I_okyb'_'aith the EBIABD! PAUL!!! lleparstion _-_i_:'1,_ "'~_:; 0o1imi_ssicn. .' He stated that tollulring the '1-etur'h_b£ thaemmilsaion -rmQ-3 Ianqhnria, hs___had talked _Iith' LATTIEORE iho gave a_ 1'i_rst__hand aeppunt- _ -",3,/_;_;_, oi __tbeirj pbservatima llanotnzria;-_ Be advised that info:-med him;j_ re thatgthe conduct at the Bnseain Lnq in 'Ianoh:u;'1._s_ had been atrocious, that,:___-Ff"-'___tha Bamtryand its inhabitants had been ravaged, war plants destroyed,1; _.?_§_uome11 raped, etc. He also nmtioned shipping pt war plants of Kanohuria-"1 -; _f92_:'>sok to Russia. He stated that LAT1!Dl{IlE had made no apologies Ior suchQ :_5siri_.et § _I92i'l lfl_8; and__1ras in Itact critical. _:'SERVICE tienticped this as an._ T;-j-I1f example of the Iaot that '_LA'1"1fIllORE was not a blind follower oi Soviet policy.' 1 Es uentiohed that LATTIHGIE had been rather extreme in hie book '8oluticnA -'»= -Asia" and proposeda harsh polioy__to;j- Japan, but stated again_th'at he did not believe LATTIMORE Imsw Japan too well, and again coma-nted that;.g'_r'r;1gQa1;*a_ are aoqnetmes somewhat shallot and superficial. . - . < .. .. ....._...- -- -.-,_ . _._- _,_A __ _ - __ ..; . ,,__ _. - ..-1 --....-¢--:-.-___ .,.7.-,_. . e,_-___, ___ __,__,,:___ ._;__1,,_»._ ___; !_.__._ ___;_._,':__-__ __1 L___*__H|2_ ___..._____ 1-: EH: 1 it. -_ I. __ _... !_.__ . V- . 4 -.- 92- ~ 92_.__ . .l-4.n-H-.--a_;_...~,...a-__ ., I, , _
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