Pearl Buck Part 02

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Pearl Buck

Pearl Buck Part 02

57

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he lag:-vo Gqulniut unpaper, &#39;P00p10l V0100, ulna at In 8, 19143,
oontunamnrtiela eqatlanud, Qarlmekbdalamllhxittabllghtlace Ila.  Thin &#39;n:&#39;t1e1o utes at on In 7, 192;! Fa antic:-aids nwnnntto do aayiithz-an discrimination in thorn-utter-In mmmcodby Bari.
8. Buck, Chains: of thn Q@1ttee Against lace D1l=r1n1mt.ion "pt the America:8I.1.L1bc1%1u!h1m,Ih1d1!nlboqn¢tudy1ngthep-oblndlnngthnpalt 3-
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nu-any lurker, iuuabf Juno an, 191$, jig! tour, mm- an Q-u¢1ucaptioned, Suppress 5th Oolmm, Appeals to ?.D.B. 191:, Ihich 1| as £01103:
"Banning the chap indigaatim of pawl: at
tha oat:-ngoou nob violnnl against the Dvtroit,  &#39; --
 labor and prop-Quinn In-e today noodin A
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Thsleshington mu sen, issue eriniyft, 1930, oer:-ieeenertlelecaptioned, en. a. Jlp tolioited he. Gh1sng&#39;s I019. run article stetes:
f. "Eh Ieeeoke, 9.8- linyprivete of
Aellies Sub-Omitteetedqthethe eskednove
- solicit sssietenoe ate: &#39;JQenes7e-lnnieene  K
w . ehek, lite of C1&#39;:lne&#39;_s_generel1ssi_B. 1__. - 4 1.. ~.. . L. - -. -, - 3. -X -p -.  . ~_~ &#39;&#39; ~   zelpnzy  in p_ob1ic"Vheeri.L   "
&#39;hesonl.d&#39;begledtodieoose&#39;1tin_e:e;:utivesees1u:. i&#39;rlorteI1.sinductim, Heeeoke see eeeretery of the Jepeneee American dtieneo "&#39; i  52;   7 " " "
_ The Daily Iooker, issue of Beptenber 1?, 19b3, page three,ner:-ies e
nan article captioned, &#39;ll1kie leeks Ihiw Conference. This srtiele etetes - ~
that Pearl Buck see nong the sponsors of the &#39;_&#39;0itieme Eestgenoy Conference {er
Inter-Reoisl Unity, Ihinh Omferenos Its to tsbe pleoe ptqaber 25, 1918, It _ __
ionter cemge Assembly Hall, esasueez end an-k Avenue, an rm city. um;
the nenbere of the Ineaztive uaittee tor the Oonterenee sore listen! nob -
persons es Seal Hills, CID; A. leyton Powell; §&#39;le_I11IIQ1&#39; Gidaelg Dr. lulergen,
s ban Omnlmiet sad lest!!! of B11 lfflirs, endothers;  &#39;&#39; The Daily Worker, iem U, page five, section two,
can-iee e feature erticle entitled, "This ie enihe Lincoln Iar - Ln interview
with Robert liner on three basic problems of the Iegro people end the sar,&#39; by
Elisabeth Lawson, Director or Follptine Sohnole, New Io:-k Iorkere Gnhnol. Ibis
ertioleisedisouseionettheleg:-eproblnbylobertI.nor,shosssthenetop&#39;tomcticnsry in toe Communist Petty. Concerning the question, whet ere the other
yointe of view pm; the American Segre peopls, ner eteted:   - .
H.  of  is     it
_snd other parems of general benevolentdiepeeitiaa, sho.heve&#39;m- 0
&#39; qoeetionsbly contributed Inch to the struggle for freedn of. tits .
"I oppressed peoples, bntsho ere fer removed Ira the large qneeticns
otpolicyinnhtehthe dsoieionemde detenine the eoorseetthe _,"
struggles fheee people undertake in s gne
deal with questions of neticzsl oppression,
 "anti-ll soele, intuit!: ensrrosblintneee
decisive events of the ser -- decisive on
;- A-the 15-92>I1-i-0" 01 the qspreseed peoples.
pomt et_ view bee he:-etnlly influenced also ,
 leaders. let seeing the world struggle es e ~
_ jtorenotelseyeebleteesvethneelveen-u
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yet eeenthet it thisvsris lest Q thelhlted
netimel llberstion throoghoutthe world, ineludi
~:$>.he&#39; Ireaxiomt-01&#39; the legrnpeeple of this end ell in
e decisive detest tor e large pert of e emturye in ~ ENTW2

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A  The In mt mm, um at Julury 27, 19145, an page hump-rm-,
cu-1-3,9: an article aptlonnd, Iron India 10 and Key to the Paine.
This article state: that a dinnu-In haldjn hmor of Ira. 11,117: hkdnt
-Pundit, llatgr 0&#39;1 Janhnrlnl Iahm, Indian adiemlilt lads: ad pnt1&t
ottha l11Ind1a Imcnh Ocntarnnao. Ibis diam:-in cpaxanmodbytho Iia
khguc qt America in the Intel Ouamdaraia Idlorktity Jaauryté, 1985. -n ad" hm: 11It.odaaxg the principal Svokg,
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"  &#39; Ithe  Oananttee tor Denocracy, tomerly knorn an
the Ccumitteetor Dmocratie _1{;2eet,nent tor Japanese Residents in the "
Ealrbern 8ta1_;as, I88 formally organized in the-fall af 1.91:0. Itusgreateat e _
however, after &#39; evuuuw
- i lIiaemckha.|been_e&#39;na®er of the of the organita-_
- tion "since its inception. In -an article in the New Iorld felegran dated
&#39; Fobmaryll, 19113, Frederick Ioltzian charged that the Oomuniata had taken
complete central or the Japanese-American Committee for Dame:-acy,.and
mantzhmed the _£a_:t thit Pearl Hack was a member of the Advisory Board.
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:,&#39;:_&#39;_.MDsix years in the United States Penitentiary at Atlanta, Georgia. On November
4, 1941, both were offered conditional releases which they refused. Both men
were released fro: Atlanta Penitentiary on June 3,_l943, and on June 9, 1943,
Campos entered Columbia Hospital in How York City. He refused to accept the
conditional release which had been offered, stating he considered it huiliating
and dishonorable to submit to further supervision by the United States Govern-
ment. On September 17, 1943, Earl Browder, then head of the Communist Party 
in the United States, wrote Campos at the Columbia Hospital and assured him .
the Communist Party would cooperate fully in his cause. &#39;
interested Hrs. Eleanor
case. &#39;sevelt in Campos
Coucil on African Affairs
The headquarters of the Council on.African Affairs is located in New
York City and has been in existence since 1941. It is a successor to the
International Committee on African Affairs, and was organized ostensibly for the
purpose of studying conditions of life and work in Africa and to prepare publi-
cations aequainting the public with such conditions. This organization was
dominated by the Communist Party almost from its inception.
The Executive Director of this orianization is Dr. Max Yergan, a
legro, and the Chairman is Paul Iobeson, also a Iegro, both of whom, according
to information received from the Iilitory Intelligence Division in Ken York
City, are Comzunists.
On April 8, 1942, Special A;;ents_ and M
of the New York Field Division attended a meeti " at Hanhattan Con er new r-n&#39;u s O
City, which had been called by the Council on African Affairs. In addition to
lss Buck, the speakers at this meeting were: Znx Yergan; Lillian Hellman, well-
known playwright; Joseph_Curran, President of the Hational Earitime Union, CIO;C;Herbert Agar, Editor of the Louisville Courier Journal; Paul Robeson; and
Channing Tobias, a close associate of Lnx Yorgan. It is said an audience of
approximately 5,000 middle-class Communists attended this meeting In addition O
to the abovomentioned sneakers Ferdinand S ith, Secretary of the National1.;-&#39;.ritir:.e Union, CIC-, s also on the speakers
platform. In their addresses, Robeson, Yergan and Curran all urged the immediate
opening of a second front in order to aid Soviet Russia in its great struggle.
p titute on Lnorities
On April 30, 19é3, Pearl S. Buck spoke to the Institute on Hinorities
which was held under the auspices of the Philadelphia Chapter of the Youth
Committee for Democracy. The latter group was a wel1known Communist-front
organization.
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FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
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9 ~    OFFICE OF THE CHIEF OF NAVAL OPERATIONSN &#39;, 	 925. E - ~ ft.-_, ~  WASHINGTON as. 0. c. Q, ,9 n||92:n.v lurrnro-/ § 92o ;2J.F./1:01»
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.j I O?I  Subj: Pearl S. BUCK, activities of
Program by
5 - _ "BUCK to  1_...
 for aecretariest In_c. §e_.§};,,__j,;;,__§: aid 21-Aug l9>0.
8; 1. Enclosure ! , which was furnishedthe Ofiice of Naval Intel].:i.gence by
1 the Intelligence Officer, Potomac River Naval Coumana, is ioruarded for
information. -
_ Mr. J. Edgar Hoover, Director
A Federal Bureau or Investigation
. Department of Justice
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August 2, 1950 &#39;
Ire. Adria Beaver Lynram
Vice President and Director
washington School for Secretaries, Inc.
l3h6 F Street, N. H.
Dear ls. Lynham:
This is a personal letter which I am writing to a
few leading persons and groups in our Capital, asking
. for honest advice.  .
&#39;~ I have lived most of my life in Asia and I know thosej peoples well. I know that with them acts rather than" words are believed. Somehow or other they must now,
and soon, be persuaded to believe that democracy, our_ way of life, has reality for them as well as for us.A; They will not be persuaded by the Voice of America
&#39; alone, however much money we spend upon it. They are
themselves past masters in words and talk, far better
at it than we are.
If the Voice of America is to be of sufficient valueW to us, it must be accompanied by some visible and; determined act of human equality. I know, from yearsof experience, that what the peoples of Asia distrust
most in our democracy is our racial prejudice. They
know all about it, and very recently, because theirrepresentatives in Uashington tell them about it.
Y Some of these representatives are dark-skinned and
% I know that it is not possible to change quickly theY racial situation in the South. This is improving &#39;
slowly and will doubtless continue to do so. But in. washington, the Capital of ou nation, I would like toask if in your opinion it would be possible for leadingpersons, and groups, to break the racial segregation.psttern by declaring that they will follow it no more,
and acting upon the declaration forthwith. This act,
performed by American citizens, would have greatsignificance abroad in the very areas where our men
are fighting and in other areas where they may hve tofight. It would be the sort of propaganda that really
COW!!! . 1
. - In India something of the sort was done. when the
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have themselves had unpleasant experiences. .
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. _ r- Governor-0e-aral or India wished to have a aw&#39; against discrimination in the case or the Untouch-ables. The sentiment against the law was strong,not only politically and socially but also religiously.A group or leading Brahmins, members or the highestcaste, came forward and themselves broke the segregationpattern by appearing in public places with Untouchables.The number and importance of these persons were .- sufficient to make retaliation impossible, and the
law was passed.
It something like this were done in Washington, now,it would make the best possible propaganda. It wouldlend added reality to The Voice of America, and to the
President&#39;s Civil Rights program.
Please let me know whether you think the step advis-
able in Washington?
If advisable, then do you think it possible?
If you think it possible, would you be willing to take
part personally?
Yours sincerely,
rd &#39; /
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Pearl S. Buck
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NEED YOUR PERSONAL ADVICE ON MATTER OF IMMEDIATE AND_ _
POSSIBLE NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL IMPORTANACE-I IN
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asked that Hr. Hoover return- the call ifipossible through operator 4, Doylestomn, Pa.
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mom : L. B. NICHOLS  1_--TO : MR. TOLSON DATE; N00; 17, 1950 . » ,3 M5?SUBJECT: PEARL S. UCK
- - I &#39; &#39;  :8 Ti la, Pearl S Quck was called by Mr McGuire thismorning afiohich time she was
_a__l;_s_e.aae f1&#39;0m the office today an iew of her call to the
Director &#39;e office yesterday and her wire today, Hr. .|!cGuire
wished to be of any assistance to her.  
She stated that she did not feel she should spejak to /
@y_Qn_e__but___t_h_g__Director but w0u1&#39;5,I17F;¢_ #0 finil it over. She s
then observed that*she! ha_s__a,v?e:m, delicatef3§6*isiont&#39;o"na7:e andH has about ya we__e7r&#39;_&#39;fs time to _nQ_7£¢1__ll,§_r*¢!¢¢.ision. S _A_ ;__ 1. - .
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call her in the next [ew days and she was informed it was doubtul
T77 view ofyitheyirectorns _a;b;sence.
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her hus_,_lla_n_d and think it over and inrthe eyventshe rnalfes
up her mind toftalfr to isofnvehone else, she___|oy_i_l&#39;Ifc__al_l_ qnd .[*etu§ know.
llrs. Buck sounded most vague and indecisive.
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PE§B_I_»_S; QIQK, author, Flitsar =1 llobol ~<&#39;Friso Iinnor, born 6/26/92 at H£1.&#39;l.aboro,&#39; 9&#39;4; 2Jam va., resides Pocrkaoio, Pa. ~Info1_&#39;na.nt_3 ,7, 7I  A "$11030 RICK: political sympathies -at ti-I¬§"!..  f-;v§.~ Aj_{b,__vpara11o1 those of the CP. Io ovidonco otor Illuborohip " or atatnoati amusing" 7
_ violence. Subject 1- President =1 &#39;3; :-aHeat Association, hoadquartora Ierlriork
City Ihioh arr - anges lectures and pronotbook; an ed -74:: I gn toh-ingthoiaatn-na&#39;n:1,§&#39;Western Nations togothor by toatoring aknorlodgo om! uderltnnding or um or *&#39;,§_;§&#39;,,¢poetivo peoploa. Tho an PEARL 8.  ~ 9 _ }appoorod in a notebook bolon¢ing&#39;to  "F "&#39; "" &#39;PINTO GAIIDIA P1-eoid &#39;t  , _ on at the In Iork-Branoh, Iationaliot Party or Poort Rio _ _ _> ow 0- Bubjoot in writings Land speeches has boo;
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pm: IALDETAIIS: This investigation is predicat on inf tion obtainedfrom an in1&#39;orna_nt__ot unknown reliability who has attendedD - . sooia1,gatherings_f7fi&#39;th PEARL BUCK-end Iho -considers her to .. ,&#39; * be a definite Vco_i|umni_et_.gynpathiu&#39;r.     .,  _,
. ; _. _- -- I >.  ~» .&#39;-&#39; - _ .~-  -.-.  -_ . .-.»< , ~ 1 . 4. 4 , . /._. -__" < >~_».&#39;;. .&#39;-.{..
&#39;  informants used throughont this ere"eonsidered"&#39;92~..{-- _&#39;
&#39;~ tebe of knotn reliability unless otherwise speci-¥5:¢i&#39;l.__... . .-  _ A .. ._,, -J .-- V _ _. I . ..v . . .
- - &#39; . &#39;" ~ &#39; mcxcaounn.:"-&#39; -  , " _ _._.:,; . -<..-  ~ _ __ - &#39; _ -
The 1950-1951 saw.» of rims"; Iho in uerzw eontains the folloiing *background information relating to the subjects.   1 ;, A ~
.- Z BirthDate l .. _,
. , g. ,-
_ ,_ Bdueation _ &#39; ~ -
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. .» - .._..
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&#39; -Marital Status Zr . »
I Inploynent ~ e
~% , i g AW;Born June 26 l 1892 .118 SZDENSIIFCKERat Hilhboro: Ien&#39; ¢§@ml .¥_D_E_PL5lIi.l.G.KEB.lnd ggics»,_E1i$I&#39;R1<;m_1   .-   D
._ . _ r}, _>
 Citizenship Statue -  _u.s_. ge_it&#39;is_en hy virtne srsn-at _
Rnnph-Ueoon Women&#39;s College, Lynchbnrg, &#39;_ Va" A. B. Degree, 1911:; &#39;  "  &#39;
Cornell University, I. A. Degree, 1926;
Yale University, ll. A. Degree, 1933; .
Iest Virginia University, Lit. D.
Harvard University, L.L.D. Degree, l9h2;
Bt. Lnrenceniversity, L. L. D_._Degree, l,-.._ ;__- 0;» V ._    < &#39; k
Married JOHN mssmbhpcx 13, 1917; .wildrw -  e»Iarried mmm ,1 &#39;AlSH June 11, ;-
nao ea ¢n=j._1_arsn:- 101-1&#39;Ann&#39;rum1m,&#39;-.1oa%%r1ru1us, E mRICKE andmnfsgnmonr. _ ¢ . &#39;" "5 FJ
1-011..., @1¢ynem};= »....1..r Ias
" listed in Who: Who in America" ~ _
;_ University of Banking, China, 1921-1931;" Southeastern University, blanking, China,
 -1925-1927; Chung Yang University, Nnnking,r cm=,"192a-ma.  ,   s v
4  " 1<. _~ _~~ -». .
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PH 100-360145 H
- . .. , 92~I A . . 92
Self-employed as author of e following
books:
"East Iind - lest Find," 1930 . ._ _
», ;__-&#39;_"The Young R&#39;evolutioni8t," l93l_ _  V 5&#39;
A, .--__*_&#39;!_The_ Good Earth°_  i&#39;I&#39;31dB_&#39;P|l.lib$Q_>_?1iZ8!,"1931
 »i-son=.- 1922  .     a . ~  <l ,&#39; 9-
&#39;  The First life and Other Stories," A1933 A A .
~  . "All l_len_Are Brothers!  translation oi Chinese &#39;
j classic, "&#39;81ui Hu Chum"!, .1933 - _ ~ &#39; 
"&#39;TheIother," l93_ &#39; .~ - -1 » A
&#39;<f"A House Divided," 1935 - &#39; 4 -
. " House of 39-H-h," 1935 -. &#39;
The B1le,!&#39; 1936 &#39;
Fighting Angel, 1936 _
"This Proud Heart," 1938
&#39; "The Retreat," 1939  .
_ _&#39; "The Chinese Novel!! 1939 &#39; ~
Fstories for Little Children," 19140,"0ther Gods," l9hO   - A
"Today and Forever} 19141 &#39; &#39;
 "Of Ian and Ioman," 19141 __ &#39;  _ j
Q . > ;__ . , .__=__, "92,&#39;_ 9 . "Dragon Seed, .191-A2 .~ ¢ ~ . ~~ . "American Unity and Asia," "The Chinese
Children Next Door," 19142 .
"What America Means to Me," l9h3
"The Water Buffalo Children," 19143a  The Promise, 19143  "   - -
&#39; __ "1he*Dragon Fish," 191;]; . _
Tell the People"  with wars um!, 1916 j
n_ "Ya-Ian, Flying Boy of China,"  - "
P ",-,,"Contract of a Marriage," 19145 &#39; " E -
A "Talk About Russia,"  Iith IIAEA SCU1I&#39;!,~l9h5 ~
"Pavilion of Iomen," 19146 -
__ "H0! It Happens"  with RNA VON PUSTAU!, 19146
"Far and Near," 19117  9
"The Big Uave," 19148 - _ . _
"Poem," 191-s3~ _ - - A

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,&#39;I._=-:  .,_.,_ _,.141 H41 i,4-Y . _ her to he a dstinite Oomniet sympathise:4  -.&#39;. I 92 &#39; - A3-&#39;3.
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new Iork City. Subject also  a hone at  cks y, Pa,_ a
_- Ii.£Gen!:°29218 BackFound_;InforqnaA at t  4: J  i~ O,.92
1.932; the wimu Dean Howell ledal 131935; the Iobel? Prize 1;»; literature
-in 1938 and that she has been P;-esident of the Beet-lest Association since &#39; e
_ 19341. It was also noted that she is _a nenber of the Aserrican Institute of . _"
4 A .- Arte and Letters, "Phi Beta Kappa; x_s.p&#39;pa Delta and the Cosmopolitan Club of "
-, _&#39; -. ._ - .  < . .&#39;_~- .-"  -&#39;  --- . &#39; _ .
- . -A ; -_ -CONHECTIOISIITH &#39;1&#39;-conmmnsr emu 1- &#39;  -A  
.  ORGIHEBREVOLUTIONARIGIOUPS. W   _ _
. . _Io information  developed  cognac etrthis investigation  H O
 indicate that the subject has an actual connection Iith the COMMUNIST PARTY
or any othezj revolutionary groups.   _ 1 ._  = __} _~ 1- ._~;1. A- ~ .  ~-  , - I e .,- -_ _<_ . I .. _ e . _.v_..__, __.- _ __ >._
_ -. 1 REVOLlHIONARIS1&#39;l1&#39;HEIl&#39;1S,ILDEBITHE4SUBJH1T A   &#39;
O IHDICATIHG ADVOCACY OF HE OVERTHROI OF THE A  V
  GOVERNMENTBIFORCEQVIOLENCB M &#39; H
Ho information was developed during the course of this investigation to
indicate that the subject has advocated overthrow of this Government by .   w  _     _    I I T -:1-1-U:-V ~ - _ .4  &#39; - _-_,~ - r
..  _  &#39;  ._&#39; cram ACTIVITIES on nnnmr or mt    ~
&#39; INDICATIHO FURTHERLNCE OF THE PB.O B1I OF &#39;1HE&#39;COHlUNIS1 PART! ~ e.-
advised BUCK
the inf_onant_.not has been present at social gatheafings&#39; &#39;  also ed thatKICK has
rlsctnredonthe connniet Regineinhina A manner.
&#39;~ ._ "no intonation that the subject Isa. ever an actual neaber of the _ &#39; "--PART! or-other such organisations. -*»   Q  - -  --  ~ _  A
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ORGANIZATIOIB WITH IHICH THE SUBJET A &#39;
.- . ,3:_  __ _ nsenm mmmm lsimmm on srnm ..    ..
i letterheadotithe Inter-hacial meattqe Ormlp, imp e.r+.h.h.&#39; by aid   ,
unknown eonrce, listed PEARL WC! ae  invited opeaker at anlnter-Bacia1__&#39; -
Unity public geeting held Qctober 20, 19143 at the icadeq of laaic, Phi1a-  --_
dolphin, Pa_._ &#39;1 It was nottnoen arhetherjiee -HJCK_act921alJ; spoke at thia ,5 
At nrioae
of its ot_ social problems and various races _
were of the original nenbere, about 20 or 30 pereone,  &#39;
yore people of neane and social etanding infthe.&#39;_u,r Arespectiveecoummitioae &#39;-
These nenbera dropped out following the in£il:tratio_n_o.f thegronp bywere prinarq interested in the intornant indicated  " =
er a .~&#39;  told hi: that he had at one a counniet endiat t
n. soénusfdroaxms PAR?! ii» m.¢_syc.&#39;. Attorneftleneral Br the United,-7--States on Sqatenber 21, l9lt8 ae a Conuniet eubvereive organisation Ihich  e
eought to alter_the torn of Governmentof thelnited Btatee by anconatitntional
neane and was thecreforewithin the purview of-kecutive Order 9835.
The October 6, l9h5 ieeue et the Philadelphia "Lire-American," a daily nen- "
paper, reflects that PEARL BUCK was liated ae one of theepeakere in a eerieo
of lecturee to be held under the anepicee of the Lanedolne, Pa», Public f &#39; _
School Byetn. &#39;_It Iaa indicated that thie eeriee I88 to be given by ont- "
etanding liberals to eonbat prejudice and bring about e._, better community Iattitudeen racial and religione batters. "gr .  -  -  - -
.  _ 1. y _   >5?  _ &#39; _    :4 _.-I n:
&#39;ech op on e op c_4 _  e People United _lIatione," at _ &#39;
the Girle Hil School Auditorium, 11th and Spring _Ba.rden Streets, Fhiladelphia, &#39;
Pm, on larch ll, l9h8. This lecture was under the auspices of the Philadelphia
last-West Committee. Y-5- it C0 mt
92|

&#39; 92 .71 ._ &#39;&#39;  la &#39; ., _i
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P °°"°°. A £0N TIM.
The Philadelphia East-West Counnittee, according to a pamphlet is
<*7~"-*~"= _ that committee, en le " roaches to International Understanding," michDZ ¢ was obtained fron  Iaa ea group of individuals
Q 7p who, with the assis ance e _ est Association, of which PEARL S. BUCK _
"is President had scheduled series of ei t no s i October 2 "&#39; ___, _.  I .  sh.,~t1=sb~sn=s_ 3,
.>.. ,_.a »
During the course of another inv ation conducted the FBI, PEARL 8.
 p - BUCK, on June 27, "1951, advised SA A that the Bast-Nest  I
Association had as its purpose the es __ _ er lutual understanding
_ between the peoples or the Eastern Countries, such" as China and Japan, __ 1 -1. _
-- psith these or the Western Countries, such asjnerica andlurope. She stated 1
=: _ A that arrangements were nade for various lecturers from the so-called  ~ 4 »
" 1 Eaeterncountries to appear to discuss cue-tons, idealsand principles of &#39; -_._ 
 the Eastern Countries. :&#39;_   - =f   _ ;;&#39;_.@;_l     » i",  - , _ _ __  _ _ .- M-_  F  .._. ._.V  1. L 5 , V  ¢_  ._ __ __4 >~ -7 _..| , I . n_ . _   92 _ - .. _._ _ ._  _ _ ..,! 7 _ V
&#39; - "The January l2, 19148 issue of the "Daily Worker" "reflects that PEARL S. BUCK &#39;
was one of the signers -of a letter sent to the Federal Ehsployees Loyalty
Review Board by the American Civil Liberties Union, asking the Review Board
to prevent injustices to individuals in the Government as a result of the__
92&ne Alerican cinlwnbei-ties was -;..i cited as @;§¢u1,1;=ne;a;a em _ U
I-1. Communists and fellow-etravelere and frequently jolloiing the Go|munist&#39;_-line
and defending the Communists, particularly in its Les Lngeles Unit" bythe -~
- &#39;  Caltfornia Connittee on Un-American Activities, report or 19146, pages 108-112. 
. _."The Philadelphia Inquirer," a daily newspaper, on December 19, 19149 reflected
. _ - that PEARL BUCK signed a letter sent by the Central Committee for Conscientious
-&#39; .  Objectors to President TRUMAN, urging Christmas amnesty for several thousand
 &#39; conscientious objectors. V  . -  1&#39;  &#39; I   x
&#39; - The Central Committee for Conscientiousbbjectors, Ihentiling fora certificate _
"of regis_tration__nnde:r theolicitation Act, Department or Ielfare, Commonwealth
of Pennsylvania,» stated its purpose was to support those nan 1mo"inprinciple . .
~ "- oppose tar and preparation for tar andjliose principles  than £51-.¢ difficulty
, &#39;_ 4;v-"U-Tpiith the selective Service _or the Department otJustioe5- Q;  *  _ 92&#39;_< Y _,6 3 "i On Fehru l V  A the oo e of an" investigation conducted by &#39; - jn7&9 1,11; F31, Central Committee for Conscientiou
 ; . .. 6 -  &#39;~ - - &#39; }Q NTIAL
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P8100--360145 » I M. ..
Objectors, 2006 Islnnt Street, Philadelphia, Pa., advised that th
Gomittee was supported by personal donations and in part by assistance
of the Society of Friends  makers!; that it operates as an independent groupseeking to be of advisory assistance to persons who have declared themselvesto be conscientious objectors and that it doesnot counsel, persuade or &#39; _  I -r--4
otherwise attdnpt to  opinions otanyone as regards their selectiveService status.      ,  "§.,-j- ._ 9 if  _&#39;=  1;.-- . >&#39; "ta" " .- ,  &#39;.&#39; 1 92 : ~- . ~ . _ _ &#39;- I  -. 1,. 3 - _ .~ _ - _- _ " 3&#39; >4 3 - - . 1 - -... &#39; " .-- ~ -- r~~ ~ t --&#39;_- ~- >.;_. V -  .on November 2, 1950, Confidential Informant &#39;1&#39;-S,&#39;£s.no&#39;ther Gov]  ent my . »
_d&#39;J;o_enrsr¢ment ency, advised that "the name rust socx  are. ammm J. um!!
&#39; I
bi: &#39;
0&#39;10h0 st I4 Street and_Perkasie, 2a., appeared in a notebook belonging to .ELM Ii on Hovmber l, 1950.-It-S advised that JULIO PIIIO GLNDIA.1.§_Q.Ae.Pr_e.=. ent-_<>L.92.e..H¢I 10.1? .9¥.t?4!.e .!I§*e19.°F!#?-§§*.!.I?e1&#39;tr.e.I   eRico. T-S did not know the significance of the subject&#39;s nane in the notebook.
the Nationalist Party-ot_Puerto Rico was declared by the Attorney General &#39; &#39;
of the United States on April 21, 19149 to be an organisation which sought 1 1
to alter the ton of Goverment of the United States by unconstitutional -
nsans and to bewithin the purview of Executive Order 9835.  _ - _
rise mas» 8,1950 eaitisu or the &#39;Doylestown Daily Intelligence:-,&#39; asdaily newspaper,&#39;indicates that PEARL NCK presided at a nesting of the   1
-East-West councilatwhich the South Korean Governnemrtofllrs SHGILNRHI3 Q
was severely criticised and likened to the Fascist governments of HITLER
berl 1Y  1-» M-=~1&#39;-=1 1»- nade available s personal letter which h .
PEARL S. BUCK dated lloveuber 29, 1951, which urged his to contribute generouslyto the Ionsn&#39;s International League for Peace and Freedom in its tight  I; &#39;against universal military training, which the letter described as "the AIgreatest internal threat which our Daocracy has ever £sced.", The letter _set forth that our beloved freedom in this country "is new threatened at -its very source by permanent nilitary conscription in peace tine as well as gin war. It is dangerously possible that every Anerican eitiien will be put _under the authority of a group of nilitarynen whose entire training and  A~ experience are limited to the purposes of war;" Accompanying the letter awas a pamphlet entitled "Ion and Ionen: It&#39;s Universal Military Training Again
and You&#39;ve A Job To 130.!  - 4, &#39; &#39; -4 A &#39;   p  __. -_-  -  _ .. " _ - _ _ _.. . ,_ ~ _ <
layup" gletieaa-.1.¢%w°..=" &#39;s -Interim _tional&#39;Lsagu" 8101- Peace and Freedom," A &#39;published by that organisation&#39;s National literature _O1fice,  Ialnut _   .a
&#39; Btreet, Philadelphia, Pa., lists HLAEL S.&#39;.BUCK as one 9! the national sponsors»_ This pamphlet states that the Ionsn&#39;s International League tor Peace and .Freedom is ninternational, inter-racial organisation whose sin is to establishby democratic nethods those political, econonic and psychological conditionswhich will insure the inherent rightsof nanand bring peace among nations.

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PH 1oc>-36016 u &#39;
In the United States the Leeze "strongly advocates e domestic program basedon fundamental treedons end civil rights of individuals. It feels Democreey  1, can only he etrmgthened by;-dieing the gens_!_&#39;e1&#39;lieing, education end -  »~ &#39;.&#39;health conditions for everyo&#39;ne.- Itputs night on universeltotel dieernsnent and theelimination of all neene of mass destruction. -_It _advocate_e&#39;1 ~  &#39; &#39; _universality of membership in the United Ietions.    5:;  __
A   1 nmearrn:csoF&#39;rn&#39;s sumac?   _ g&#39; ~ "--II-I105 um nmxcxrxvs or am Bm.IEI~8   _ _.
The   of aociel. Science end Art. ins eited by the Ltterney _ ..I48 e communist organisation _ ~  ma-a1 or the United stat» tn septqbw 21, 19_ Nae; I _  _ I _ A _within the purview of Executive Order 9835. _g Y
1 _~ ,PEAR1-BJCK_endherhusband,RIHABDJ..IAL>8H:-,»A ~ .
A I in I. i l tel; false ehergee .A liiexereindigneli-enddinayedet eeupe 52- &#39;- egainit GEN LA1TI1DRE- Ie have known him for near]; years both in Chinl end the United states, end have read his books end kept informed of all his activities. Ie sed eith his hie visee on Ahave often and recent!; discus .  &#39; - ertteday. Ie know that ~3:1 ."j&#39;As1a, onuhich he ie t ;_|,eedin8 exp _ " he is opposed to  The felee charges ere ell the more -un£e1-tunsie for the United Btetee beceuee this "country Q n- P needs the eervioes et e nan oi jhie ezperienceend feiedoa. _ -&#39;Is urge ilnediete investigation of shat persons end interests &#39; ts. e atteek v &#39; V ~ - 
ere hdnnd this destrue v ..3
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rs 100-36015 &#39;-&#39;./bZ.l:&#39;7D &#39; P  VIn the fall of 1950,  , verment Agency ."  which conducts security an lligence invssagat ns, inforned thatL - on August 2, 1950, rum. s. mcx, Ire a1 ass a. n. #3, Perkasie,  _D Pa-., had addressed a personal lett so and groups in  »_e Iashington, D. C., urging then to breakthe racia1fs_egr ation pattern "  92_ ,_ Q» in Iashington, n. 6., by declaring um. "they will not follow it."?~:;II_this
&#39; were done, BUCK conjectured that it would mkethe best possible propaganda
"&#39; ~  and add reality to the Voice of Anerica and the President&#39;s civil rights *"
program. She argued that with the people of Asia particularlyswerda ~   
without action are neaningless and that such an act would persuade than Y f.
- that "Daocracy,_ ourway of life, has reality for -thn as well as for us. -4
_ The Philadelphia Evening Bulletin, a daily "newspaper, .1. February 16, 1951,
set forth a news item that PEARL BUCK, speaking on February 15, 1951 before-&#39; the Kiwanis Club at Atlantic City, N. J.! had voiced the opinion that ._  3. A 1
universal military training can turn the United States into a welfare state, -A
~ stating: -"and the welfare state can come noredquickly under nilitarisn &#39; r
Y than from other systh except OoInunisn." *8he expressed the fear that &#39;
- - .we light get sonething in universal military training which will Pkeep us .__ &#39;_,_, &#39;aJ.l"paying and pensioning and pensioning. Coswnmisn is our first danger, , 4 A but nilitarisn is the next.&#39;_ Theitn continued with the expression of opinion by _&#39;s BUCK th t e Korean War was the "cause of a great split
92  th between x:0 NG  &N, the mleade-II§..Of.._. e Chinese CommunistGove ,&#39; 0 s a t but also a Chinese, while LISLN, although
_ a Chinese and a Communist, is dominated by the Kremlin." She said, "HAO&#39; _&#39;_  never wanted to send Chinese Red forces intolorea, but LISA}! did and  &#39;
1-__~_* because of his tie-up with S_1ALDI is stronger at the no_:ae_nt." &#39; ; 92-92" The Temple University News ,PhilZdelphia, issue of :Feb1-uary , 19i31,  A
&#39;* Page 1, Column 1, indicated that ram. sucx, -spe&#39;s.U.ng at the annual Reading
- &#39; Institute Banquet in Iltten Hall Auditorium on the campus on February l,
1 &#39; . 1951, said that the current trend in nilitarisnphas given the" younger &#39;
v generation a sense of futility. She stated that it does ssnsthing to a
young nan&#39;s mentality ten he begins to wonder if he _will ever grow up.
The article then quoted Iiss BUCK as follows: If nilitarisn gets held
of our society in our transitional stage, we&#39;re caught. Our society is too
exploratory, too Inch in a state _of flux to accept military domination. .
The Chinese have had h,00O years of history. Ie haven&#39;t. They can take ~
a_ dictatorship. .Ie can&#39;t. If we;aceept nilitarisn, we Inst expect bewilder-
 _ ing changes in_our_way of .,lif_e_." -The item continued that Iiss BUCK then- - hunched an attack en "proud and brave gold-star mothers" with the declsra- _f-
 tion that the willingness of mothers to send their sons to _war_"is one of
&#39;11" &#39; =the nost destructive forces in society."   _ _ » - "   "~ -* -- f1
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Y T7  - » _Iiss BUCK continued: L   X &#39;    &#39;4
I never saw a Chinese woman willing to send her son towar. They would weep and yell, for their sons are theirmost valuable possessions. Without them the family line diesout. . . . . _. . Don&#39;t think I&#39;ll be glad to be s gold-star _mother. I &#39;m not going to be brave. They&#39;ll take Q sons over aw dead body, not willingly or proudly. .
"I don&#39;t believe in war. I don&#39;t think it is inevitable.Iar is a confession of weakness, s disease that can beprevented if precautions are taken. &#39; War comes becausecertain steps have not been taken. Perhaps it&#39;s too lateto stop a war now." ~ &#39; »
The Philadelphia Evening Bulletin of lay h, 1951 reflected that W BUCK,speaking before the Book Sellers Association of Philadelphia in Kugler&#39;sRestaurant, stated that the removal of General DOUGLAS llacARTHUR from &#39;his command was a lesson in Democracy for the Asians. In Japan and China,she reminded her audience, military men are not rmoved by civilians. "Nothingcould have shown them better that ours is truly a civilian government."
On July 5, 1951 &#39; &#39; informed um. PEARL wcx had
addressed a meet on ril ling Ap , 1951 at the Abington 1-riendslleeting,Abington, Pa., where she spoke about the role of the United States and _the present war conditions axisiting in Asia. According to the informant,BUCK pointed up mutual lack of understanding of Americans and Orientals,failure on the part of Americans to study Asian history, appreciate Easternculture and to understand Asian realism and individualism. She also citedthe failure of Asians to understand American idealism, which is usallynot backed by deeds. She stated that the Asians do not understand abstractideals of liberty, never having been free; that they will fight for bread,never for ideals. Kiss BUCK deplored the United States dependence onmilitarism in the East and the belief that we can conquer anything by forcealone. This idea, she said, is disastrous and that if we were to bomb Chinait would not hurt Asia too much, but it would finish us. The Orientals areconvinced that we resorted to the atom bomb in Japan because the Japanese&#39;are Orientals, not white; whereas, we would not have used the bomb in hzrope--against other shite people. Discussing Coisunism, lies BUCK said it filled.a vacuum in Asia after Iorld War II, _Ihen the United States failed to exhibit-moral leadership. .The people there were confused. --Thqy had never revoltedagainst exploitation because they did not know how until Bemsmnisn, which .4has become the standard pattern for all revolutions, promised so lach. The
.. 10 .-
-Asians like the Russians, who are mostly Oriental people, have throughout daw

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respective histories knoim hunger, tyranw and oppression, while Americans
have -never experienced these things. The Russians and the Asians are usedto being controlled and to having most power in the hands ww leadersso they do not recognize how Communism also exploits them&#39; 
In a question period after, the lecture  said
Miss BUCK answered the question of why e Chinese are unafraid of Communism
by stating that they are not afraid of ideologies of any kind; that they
have a tradition of revolutions; that reportedly the Communists have
accomplished some good in China, but that slowly the people there willz discover the evils in Communism§!q W
i
~ INSTLNCE WHFRE SUBJECT  REFUSED
PERMISSION TO SPEAK BECAUSE OF HER VIEWS"1 1 1
jflékrne Philadelphia Evening Bulletin of January 19, 1951 reflected that a
--_;_"l;»,-grad11ation address by PEARL BUCK, scheduled at the Cardozo High School,
Y Tgfij =i92ashington, D. ., had been cancelled by the District of Columbia school
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The New Iork Times, e daily nenpepet, Ton January 28, 1951.7, reflected that "
PEARL SQEJCK, in a telephone interviw from her home near Doylestewn, - 
Pa commented on the cancellation of her appearanceet a Iaehington, "D. C"
echool ae follows: F1 believe it ie outrageous that a echool superintendent
in Iaehington, D. 0., the capitol, should be required to clear epeakere _, _
with the Un-American ictivitiee Committee, Ihoee tiles ere filled with
unverified charges against {great many people. The neveliet eeeerted
that information attributing subversive activitiee to her originated in
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n-1100-360145 _  &#39; &#39;1
ADMINISTRATIVE PAGE
Z . -This ease Isa opened tort-he  ose   refs:-ii  i
Fences on PEARL BUCK and
 lore Gene , lritten by IALTE 311-LIVAI in December 1950 , .
1 of ti
Y A copy or this report has been designated tor the lei v!orky0f_£ioe for  V A
information only inasmuch as the subject&#39;s publisher ie_1.oi:ated there and  -
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of which the subject is President,
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»  ADMINISTRATIVE PAGE    =@ 0-"*1
 . Informants   = &#39;~ --
"_: 
- ASAC THOMAS J. ll-LY, U S. ecret Service,New York City, to SA*on
11/2/50. Information was obtained rom
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0 I97,As identified in Philadelphia file 65-1078-S12,92!the report of Slqdated 6/8/I45
at Philadelphia. No informatio is available
concerning the identity of the person receiv-
ing the information or the exact date it
was received.
&#39; QB
ONI, Washington, D. C., -by undated letter to
, ..L;.&#39;~--Q;-&#39;-» Director, FBI, thence to Philadelphia, where _
i__ - it was received 11/it/50. The subject&#39;s -_
_ _ letter is now maintai1_;edW.=i.1_f?1!1_i].ade1p11ia file
L0:92rD£Nnm_

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}.v1e&#39;m./rmzdum - UNITED SIATES GGVERNMENT .-_ OJ _
TO Director,  DATE: 2/2&#39;!/S2= i sac, Phigslphia  .00-36016! .SUBJECT: PEARL ENS1&#39;RICK!2l,.%UCK , 9  _  &#39;- ska lira. Richard .1.~ "  -.-F, . sscunrrr mrrm - c _ " 26" FROM
" - :7 &#39;
Transmitted herewith as an enclosure with this letter is thereport of 511- dated 2/21/52 at Philadelphia, 2;.
.&#39;:.év&#39;§%i-&#39;  .1 -  a Inasmuch as there is no evidence of naabership in the commusr.§&#39;:&#39;- PART! or other subversive organizations or of evidence that  "  the subject has advocated forceml overthrow of the Government
of the United States, she is not being placed on the Security
age-;3&#39;._*~"--*2  . 2 -z7;é~" - " No interview is contemplated at this time since it is felt
E__ 5 zthat such an interview of a person of Miss BUCK&#39;s prominence
&#39;-{i=1 &#39;4 might result in repercussions and adverse publicity for the
r§*f  j 3 Bureau. It should be noted that Miss KICK has in the past- 7 been outspoken in her beliefs and has not hesitated to lendq l. her support to controversial issues. 
. UACB, this case is being considered closed.
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FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
FOIPA DELETED PAGE INFORMATION SHEET
__& Page s! withheld entirely at this location in the le. One or more of the following statements, where . __ _
indicated, explain this deletion. &#39;
lj Deleted under exemption s! with no segregable
material available for release to you.
|:l Information pertained only to a third party with no reference to you or the subject of your request.
C] Information pertained only to a third party. Your name is listed in the title only.
% Docu§ni s! oggiéa-ting with the following govemment agency ies! Zlfoa I/I  a
E Page s! referred for consultation to the following govemment agency ies!; __________.__
as the information originated with them. You will
be advised of availability upon retum of the material to the FBI.
______ Page s! withheld for the following reason s!:
[:I For your information:
w The following number is to be used for reference regarding these pages:
Z0
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX DELETED PAGE S! §§N0 DUPLICATION FEE X
XXXXXX X FOR THIS PAGE .X
XXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
92XXXXXX
FBI/DOJ

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1&#39; SURJEC T: Pearl S.%JC-K
1. Concerning the above subject:
  ! -reference is made to~
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FOR THE ASSISTANT CHIEF CF STAFF, G-2:
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1. Ltr to 1.2:. Bouton 30101161, is &#39;
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e. teacher of t1."39IiCS.D literature in one of-our high schools, I have beenevlw  =1  -, E  _  "_ _, cone -rneo over some reports anc. rumors conoerninv some of the eutuorsI have been teaching in  classes. I feel e2-it it is duty to knou as
much as possible concerning the loye-.lt;.* of those about when I teach. lir-tura]_l_,I realize you are :21 ezttrczzel;-&#39; busy maa; however, if you c:-rmot give :&#39;;~;  71J 0  U O I L Q"F .
ques  JOBS grour~1ndivJ.ousl attention, I sh....l<*" appreciate a report from some
one to _.~.&#39;h01&#39;i! you may delegate the matter. &#39;
First of ell *:&#39;**_~&#39; I 4:_ t} t thi -."  
nezo.-{bers
r1r.ors.
1.
. 2 .
Dezzocreey
3 .
4.Contributed to Associated liagszzine Contributors Inc".
Listoci as 0. "notorious Critic" 12;; California Cczmittee on Iln-American, . .. , soy xr. ese st? Cements have been brou;&#39;ht before the -,1
oi 2. vol-I-znez-m org::;.__ization; therefore they are reellgz more than Q
Concerning Pe5r]___§2_Buck, this organization states the following: .
Affiliated with -&#39;»£ashingto§.__Co::zittec to Life Spanish Embargo _
Member of Advisory Board of the J spenese-fznericar. Committee for ~
Activities  19/,9 - ~
Li:-ted as a_"fellow traveler? by some conmittee  5 _ 5. __   _ E. Contributor to "Far Eastern Survey" in B43  an official organ of the
Institute of Pacific Relations! -
 This organization was considered by American Cor;-zunist Party and
.&#39; 0Soviet offioi.-&#39;:.].s as an instrument of Communist policy, propaganda,
and military intelligence.!
7. Nenber of Board of Trustees of the iznerican Council of the Institute
of Pacific Relations amd contributed financidly to the organization
in 194.4.
Concerning Louis :.e?_-;.1&#39;¢ the orvanizetion maize" the £0110 H &#39;1 t * ~1-.
17&#39;  ;_v.~.-$1
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J/1..commmist front
Affiliated with
iliated with
iv~mo rrofessions
Affiliated with
.4.ffili¬.ted with.2 . u >- k_ng S abaleu S:
N! I¬.=&#39;1TI_[&#39;9271&#39;5&#39;L.»&#39;-.1-ZD&#39;i.&#39;as the. monthly choice of the Boo]: Find Club, e
iunerican-Slav&#39;Congrcss i  &#39;  &#39; 1 I T
._ _ ._ __ ..  
Independent Citizens Committee of .the-l_1&#39;ts,-$ciences , ._ -- ~ . ~,~.a»92 . . &#39;
. . . , . ;» - . JigProgressive Citizens of rd.-181;LC&  -;, "-
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1ugoslavia&#39;s break *..*it&#39;n the Soviet Union On °ert»e::be 4 1°!. he  ..~»¥ . L! _ ll I  /D , E~.L1¬;O-l""sh 1.n&#39;- E " = &#39; o 2...:-.e -, FJIQ Lt 92.&#39;1=.s considered suicide. Louis r. Budenz, fomer, 1
;-_-»Co:munist leader and "D:.ily1-lorker" editor said he believed it was not Im-
;=#J.i.kely that Louis .-kclesiic may have been r.1u&#39;c-ered by Soviet xmeergreund agezzts."
Having" read various newspaper and magazine accounts of I-ir. Ade:-=ic&#39;s "sxzieide,"
I am not so much shocked at the allegations made ageinst him, but the charges.. ,_ .against Hrs. zuck are a different matter.
I hO§>C you will 1*n6.s.:-st-zznc-. that all I want is the truth concerning these
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&#39; . Your letter dated January 29, 1955, has been *received, and the lotions chick proapted your eoanunt- &#39;
cation are indeed appreciated. ~;;
_c Ihile I could like to be of assistance in
connection with your inquiry, I nuet adviee that in
accordance with a Departuental regulation data
contained in the filee of the Bureau ie naintainea
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to the time qf his death with correspondent. Adamic upin September, 1951, was a Securityhas been-the subject qf&#39;a security
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92 ALLlNFORMAT|0NCONTAINE@92 &#39; =1 JUL ¢ 1955
HEREIN ISWCLASSIHED ~ - ,
DATE ~/~ BY =
. ¬ :9""""""~"" ¬o?~75§l£§l- . -v

Y
Y

Pearl S. Buck
Spring, 1955
Dear Friend: 
I am writing you because I am deeply concerned for the people ofChina, as well as for the citizens of our own beloved country. I livedin China for more than forty years d, an I am sure that the foundations of love and friendly liking betwe ten he Chinese people and cursclve remain. The few years of Cs stillommunistic propaganda cannot or have not de- stroyed what was so faithfully built.
The threat of nuclear war, however, hangs over all mankind. Inot be allowed to breakt must out between our country and Chsistent, ina. Only by per- patient and skillful negotiations can unspeakable tragedy beaverted for innocent persons, young and old, in both lands.
There is great need for women throughout the world, both East and &#39;West, to know one another and to work together that the misery and dev- astation of war may be averted.
The Women&#39;s International League for Peace and Freedom has four dec- ades of invaluable experience in this field. Withcour e icare, patience and ag , t has worked, here and abroad, to find the facts, to build thnecessary institutions thro h hi 8 ug w ch world law can function and to create the human ties between people which will make
world peace possible.Now more than ever its workis needed. I believe that women have a peculiar responsibility for world peace. Individually we are helpless,but working together through this reliabl_ e and intelligent organization we can achieve any goal. " &#39;
Please send us a generous contribution in order that we may intensifyour efforts. And thank you with all my heart for help in this urgent hour
A  __ y _ Yours sincerely;HLL lPJFClRMATIONoQ_~&#39;921 LU//&#39;T/~ &#39;92 ,,92HEREIN l UNCLASSIHED I i .,DATE BY=*,u_§7éJ Zia. juck /S! l<
. S. If you have been approached before and have given recently, pleasepardon this appeal. In any case, won&#39;t you send me the names ofothers who would be interested in this work?
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