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REFERRAL RESPONSES
EMIL KLAUS FUCHS
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~ .. av - '--_ Pursuant to your request, there is contained herein a summary w u oi iniormation on Protessor Albert Einstein. _ - W _ . _ - -. ""' ' '- = 92 ' - . < -3 1: _ _ __...a{-.Ill-ll-1'os Q I - .'__ .- i -I _ '. _ ,.-,,_,.-. - -ya-1 ,.._..__.....- ... _lieu...--.
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. ' '. » A » .. . _ - 9:» _, **">'_- li>>~? be_ , ;@f'*" ' ' _ Albert Einstein was born lhrch '14, 1879, in Germany._ He has .
enmrried tsice and his second wife died in 1936. He came to the ~ ~ ' _
ted States in 1933, and was mturalized on October 1, 1940. In December,
4'7, it was reported that Einstein ktated th'e following: II came to Amerioal
cause of the great, great, freedom which I heard existed in this country. ~-
made a mistake in selecting lmrica. as a land or £1-sedan, a mistake x cannot
pair in the balance ct my lite." - ' >
_ Professor Einstein received his formal education in Germany and in
tzerla'nd. He has received a considerable nunber or honorary degrees and ~ .
citations which are being set out as an attachment to this mmorandum. -
L.» -J ' , 'at f__ ff ' According to the enyth Report /on Atomic Energy, Einstein, as early-1 _ 6 L1 ~ I Jgas 1905, stated that mass and energy were equivalent and suggested that proofE0! this equivalence night be found by the study ct radio active substances.
In July, 1939, Einstein and a number or other scientists went to Alexander_ aSacks4o£ New York, the latter being a friend of President Roosevelt. That ran
Sacks talked to President Roosevelt and also presented a letter £1-an Eistein.
The President took action by granting 26,000 tor the army and Navy in the _ , ' "
Spring of A1940. This was the oney that American Scientists snmyballed intoA. $2,000,0?,O0O and the atomic-gomb. - '
Leo Szilard, wa., Leo Spitz, Internal 8ecu1-ity-R!, who _was a 1381!; '-
employes, having contractural relationsmith the lletallnrgical Laboratory in '
_ Chicago, was in New York City in October, 1944. Szilard was the man who .tirst"'
formulated the idea and theory that was responsible for the entire DSM experiment. ..
Szilard,_upon conceiving the.idea_ upon which the D8}-i projects are based, contacted
Professor Einstein who was impressed with the possibilities of Szi1ard's theories ».
and accompanied the latter to Washington, D. C., where they conferred with ' .President Roosevelt. This conference resulted in the begi1in3¬§__o_£_<l-,he s:rperi- Aments now known as the DSLL r J , * - Q -.....92.bbI' l- " -
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- az-_, _ In December, 191$, Helen nnhe, Secrets:-y sad I _hsdheenoorrespondings-1.th0ttal!:rts,sreportsdsoviet o!|le=:l.co0ib'
Mexico. Bnbequent Iv the mrsan
in Ommist activities
' In 1931, mines letter true en unidentied source advising
otthsdsathotiourdearcom-sde, Bsmmniold, onths h-cnto!IihertyinSpl-1-n,_
I victim 0! international Fsscieml Sen-ch at premises at Aschsr Io ember , -_ . nsphn oi mm; 100-196160-2!& uy o
m. UN» 8 I U .. " - _ .._ 1+
In19l46,_nr. xml, eerumlgdtihoiae sctiveinthsnttedststee '92
during Iorld Iar II and the ne known to have reported on atcnlc research, had in A
his posesseion s. letter signed kw Professor nstein Ind addressed to the lmricsn
authorities responsible tor 0.3. interment, recemending Dr. hulls relesee. '
Ksul use also reported to have said that he had excellent connections Iith ProfessorEinstein and his leboretorye JED In1resd.gation in Gsrnsw, 191:6; 6$$ {
mm. mas mom - ' "
In the letter part oi 191:6 or early 191:7, s neighbor or I:-so. Kristel
Bsineunen, nee mchs, Cambridge, lsesaohueetts, stated Ire. Bsinenan had told her
that ehe Hrs. Heinemn! had stmotherrhone sbrillisnt scientist's-he hsdlsft
his native Be:-new and hed become s British subject; that Einstein had cent tor
hinto helpiorkon the etozmbmb sndthat he had thenrscen; returned to 51:3-md-_. _~ .
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binemsn ie s eister oi mil eas hchs, who're: recently an-eeted
..Saviet espionage sgsntq Investigation hes sham that Hrs. Bsinenm
thsr, Gerhard llchs, in Stitceu:-lend coace:-niug Ihnm little in hon
tut Ire. Bainemame statement concerning Einstein 1::-shah}; related
mchs rather than to Gerhard Fuchs. 00-3146228!
tethsrotmL1nmsi92:chsisreportedinsneIepapsrsrtic1ete
February 5, 1950 that his son, Ihons slitelong communist, Isa
Oanadisnintermusntcnpiorshenwslieneentherecomendstimot
nothzosmchs was s.Comnnist- Iaehington nes Herald, 2-6-50f
on rem-my 9, 1950, mmv m-.2» in mum prose um-an denied
hevingststedhis sonna scommnist, hutdidnot comentonhis sllsgedprevions
statment concerning Einstein. Iashington Post, 2-10-$0!
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xwjg /i svuorsxs or r.92crs= - - -- -TEIH's office in Gemany was used as a telegram-._" _ .' 3____ }dress by Soviet Apps:-ate in the early 19305, and 11% _92 d
was report. db in sympathy with the Soirieb Union at _that t1me.5l-lis name has appeared as sponsor of zunerons MOP front groups in the U. S. EINSTEIN is reported to ¬,|v Q 7
have said in about 19% or 19245 that he was worried about ~ ' Vhis'son, ALBERT, who was in the Soviet Union at that time. 1 I
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Records of the Clerk's Office of the Federal Districtcg- . - 03
Court, Trenton, N. J., reflect. t. t E1!-STEIN was b my
¢.;nu.BACKGIOUND
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3/1:./79 at Ulm, Germany. 1L e A sew .
The above records reflect that EINSTEIN filed a Declaratioix
of Intent to become 8 u. s. citizen on 1/15/36 and was
issued Certificate of Naturalization #5013865 on 10/1/no.~ , . E . ~ '. . - _ , I _ ' _ IEgucagion .1 - - . .1 1 ' - e
"Who's who in America," 950 - 1951 edition! indioaes
EINSTEIN was educated at Luitpold 0yngnaaiu1n,_Hunich; Aarauer
Kantonschule, Aarau, Svritzerland; Teohnische Hochschiale, ¢
Q_"' IIso so r.» _ 1;Gwf=- Thiasitése 3-15°? r=1~=£1s='#= v =4¢r9ssr*!°n91'sv_¢eePee= or . _
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.....'_1 IN'DIOATIQl$ EINSTEIN '3 SDFATPH WITH THE COMMINIST PARTY IN ' ' g_
; . _ . ' ."_~ an information under um: heading was fumished by Newark Conti-_ T
dential Informant T-l, anotbr govermumt agency which conducts eecurity* ii investigations. / ' _ _ _ _ Z
' Prior to 1933» the Oomintern, and other Soviet Apparate, were active 4
1 in gathering intelligence information in the Far East. The agents who gathered A
thie information eent it to agents in other countries in coded telegrams.These agente then re-coded the telegrams and forwarded them to addressee in / g
- Berlin, one of which was the office of ALBERT EINSTEIN. EINS'1EIN'eaddresa .0 proved very eucceaeml because EINSTEIN normally receives large amounts oi -58'S nail, telegram and cablegrame Iron all perte of the world. EBi5'lEIN'a per- 1,,eonal eecretary turned the coded telegrams over to a epecial apparat man, !°V,t"E whoae duty at wae to transmit them to hoecow by various Ileana. -¢,92 W
telegram. However, in 1930 or 1931 hie personal aecretary went on leave and
he wee given a large amount of telegrams which he, EINSEIN, kept until hie
It waa common knowledge, eepecially in Berlin, that EHISTEIR sHHw I13?lympathieed with the Soviet Union to a great extent, EINS'1ZEIN'e Berlin etatt ~13of typiete and eecretariea wee made up of pereone who were recommended to "4
him at hie request! by people who were cloee to the Klub Der Geieteearheiter
Club of Scientiete!, which was e Cemnniet cover organization. EINSTEIN
wee eloeely aeeocieted with this club and wee very friend]; with eeveral newD i here who later became soviet agents. KLAUS FUCHS, who was associated with the
club as a student in the early 19305. was jailed in England for giving atomic
bomb infomation to the Soviete. EINSTEIN was also very friend]; with eevcral
nembere of the Soviet Emb esy in Berlin, some of whom were later executed inMoscow in 1935 and 193§!XE,,/ v _- ,;o92"'* ASSOCIATION urn»: comm s'r mum mom caours . ]923§;;::J
_ ALBERT EINS'£EIN wee an endoreer of the North American Committee To .
no Spanish Democracy, ae shown in the "Daily Worker" oi 1./16/37. »4 The um» American Comittee to no spmeh nememy was cited -
by the Attorney General as coming within the purview of Executive Order 9835.
AI-BERT 3111513114 contributed to e nanuecript for Spanish aid to the
L$BCRET
-»' 7* _ __»__-. _~ . . _ _ _._..-._.. _ --r- - It ie not known whether EINSTEIN knew the content_.eg heae coded S
aecretaf! returned from leave _ " . ' t,
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M¢mor4i1idum - UNITED sures eovsnnmnms '
ma. a B nm M" February 1, 1
?A'._ DIRECTOR, CIA; BEFORE JOINT COHLETTEE ON_LTO}JIG HIHIGY
- - _ Admiral Hillenkoetter telephonically contacted llr. Delnaeh at ' -
l2:30Ap.m. this date and advised that he had been advised that he had been
@811 ! is §2me1':befvr@ J°i%1'¢ Committee w .EE@ ' ],~ebnm1:y___8_,_ lgyojjat 1o=oo a;s. Admiral Hillenkoetter ststed um apparently
he was being celle ltoftestify regarding the entry of foieigrxers into theY ' . 1'0 __-8 kc. A e - 2 ' /rm _-1m}§.'p.xm!/g-3Q .¢ s _ I '* Vi'lwBJ_sc'r,. I ImA'm cs-or Jumlnu. aoscos 11. nnzn berm ,4 I
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7 United States. He stated definitely that he would ziotbe questioned concerning' the aspects of the Fuchs case. - ' . _~_ _ . _
- * Theisdmirsl seemed most anximis to learn whet line or answers the
FBI desired h.im__to give to the Coumnittes. He stated that he desired to
coordinate his answers along the ssnn principles as the Directorfs. He would/ ~= _1'J=h1§ ,i1*'¬1B9°" Q1: the rst Plies. '
_ in the morning regarding this matter. I V l *_ _
The Admiral es advised that his request would be made known to
Bureau and that he would be given an answer as expeditiously as possible494 d -e -V »§:':__cy_&'LF>1'§-°-I5-" d ~CDD:sm ' I l
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' AA conference with _ _ of the Joint ~ 21" Wouittee on Atonic Energy thie norning ie the firet,tIar.'.I-Jana-e ""had a chance to eee hin, in view of hi_e_abeence fro: the city, -
ince the-time he infcrned nethat ,GIA'qae baking claine for theVeolutiengf fherfche caee. ' n I _ .' __ bi, A . .
~ » lh a convereation 'viththie morning Qe ezated thatag
Bedell Saith and a Golonel in CIA erence, and ina little evaeioe '-an _thi_e_, but F
o usap~
He further etated thatbhen he heard thi hie hind _ -c,.:|.'A""'
' innediately recalled a letter which the Bureau had cent to Senator
Jlcllahcn on April 6, l95O, uherein,.the following etatenent appearedf"
"The inveetigation of Fuchs originated upon ascertaining in August, A
1949, fro: confidential eourcee of known reliability, that a highly
reotricted docanent in the I8!! eerie: an atomic energy had been ._ .
urniehed to an agent of the Soviet Government in l9I4.",'_»I.. ._-z- .
n '*"" A ' H nae 6 the c inion that thie ave credence to the n ¢Z.A2.!2=v%¢i§F?g'*¢3 57£ @i3¥f<!2¢£@,s_£ia@=* " e-T # he ,-, -s1fe_v¢!'¢°"1¢_4.° 9%¢~ee d v However, he actedtha f. n doing it ue could avoid revealing hie nane ae the infcrnant
_ -I told hip that uecculd be glad to reepeat hie wiehee. _ .. b'> /' - -§~- ?-~.- -~13-1.7 - -H "'~'- ., _ - 1' .=' 1,1 '- I . -¢- t
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and hie rife, according to the #1 c_ou_er placed on then, '
have received too pieces of aatfnmch appear to bear the
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h J 4; Q// -ro = 20?. A. H. 5"LyNT ' DATE: February lo .1952
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FURHER AEC COMILISSIONER . J¬l¥_--C"f,?'3:";r:A.1_, .'-7..1./1.6/.- L'-5/'- »'r~' . _
BB!-.__
nu-an- yz;._£.tnau.a8, who is immmt
{or the séc_reta1'_Z_e %[_.l.2.e.t;en.se, has 9nformafion wic l e felt would be of interest to the Director
and the Bureau, to Agent Bates of the Liaison Unit. Strauss
stated th
had submitted a_ 1etweue smnmm- '0"
These individuals on. this Board are _1;_g§_g;_o_;:_§i1gl_eYd[g:_;;_t~h_el__re_g_ie_m_i_n .
Qfa all ,Ql9ss_i;_t'ie£1, I40 terigl toe o u1un
cofrectly _cla§sj;_fied;l In resigning, the Board commented that _t_9_g_ .
_ g;Lm_ati£n_is being released__g_r_1_Q__th_gt _t_?_1_is,_information does J
not deal, witil ?¢§~§@+§5§1:G1§li?T§f§io_~§?;.Q$0-711.18-...¬IU?Z£h but is moreg'eneral information indicating the scope of the program, the a
size of plants, etc. Strauss informed that the letter of rgsigng,ti_on
by the Board had Am£M£d- - ' .1 '
" He commented that the _p_Lr_;e__Q;f_Q1'__g__Q_t_hg___1,g_o_9r_at_o_r;g_~qti
Los A_l_g_mg§,___E_ey___L§eg:_ico, had rece.-.t_ly-.iseued 4z.-d,ir.ect.iue__re.turning
thg eglaboratoryto a__i_i_ue¢dg_g__;g_ee1r. He stated he,_jel.t-et.h7}.$.._was
_be7> i».?§.Ii¢ "@.l@2=_i.91L§ __i_1,_.ui.ln__0,£-..the._wid¬_l2JJI2l.!§-Q7lftLL.4.lJeU19 9.1 ven to92 @:d_@_I@@Q£;~_Qgrgm. He felt. this matter could have beeni000mp1iSh8d in a much quieter way ifit were necessary.bo92mnt_i I
libhf _ _, J
1.
1
- ur. Strauss made reference to an item some time ago in
the press which stated that gggmigenggQgitjshwgciegtists_had 1ggtiiianed,£a:_the_L§leg§g_Qj;£1ai3*fuchs. Strauss stated he had
requested the Atomic Energy Commission ta determjne the identity
of those British scientists signing this petition. teujntends
to maZ§£__§}.£l.£Jhat . no ne _Ao_,f' -bhes_e._i nd i uiduals_si,gn.i ng.e.th.i.a.. pet i ti on
Eeceiue any classijje§.innnmation.from the U. S. Atomic Energy
Program. ;
Mr. Strauss stated he desired the Director to know that
£'g;¢1ni.8§i.QnB.L_C%l.ennn-n.is-consid~ar.ing..J_eau n to '
Q COe_p_'L_£|._1f_B 8p.0n3 i b_Le_ p osit ion. w.i-th_..the_ Ina ce rla_b._Q0.m_no.ny, wh i ch,
according to Strauss, is the "General Motors of the atomic age.'?_
He commented that it was _1'ust_a__m_at_terj__g_f_t*ime_until all the .
arrangements could be worked out'_for Glennanmto leave.
Stfagtgdmggszmiusgioiir,"Hr. Eugen 3'5???-ifafmzgiwe ' ?4%%é{¥¢ ?§ ~?P¬§§%hi;*i '?' it *" *i . I/Z?/7 U b "NB9?L i I634 I<w<{>~34MAR2419s2 ,L¥¢LJ
ff i *7: L- T F ~-..... 9.'°°""°dYromth¢ smufmm 11m3g:: ..
. Hm uh LlJf5OllLhng[3o ;QR_g_1c;N'.2O1cafq1= 1'1-us STA _ ~ f'_;_ ~w=omrm_ or v t 2::-...':
'=o -o-°""~"4 '31 1"-"o"*.'=1 ** ?:955T.7 -1 MARI! 1930'
.. 4-K --5-.i_-'14:i'.00/2~z.9§8*RT"E"T°F$TATE
'1
"" » ' _ _- ' " - - _ . mvasmu orsacqmrv ~
- , consmnnvts canton: oovxamnnzn I-on yawn: to
- um arm AGAIIST sunvmsxvm. -_.-_/'
. . . . 92 ~ '
. 4 ' --=; -- ' '. .3 -I , I - ' he lloueako dieoloeuree or 191$:-eveeied that 5 '
- e umber or epyringe operating in da probebiq _ ~~. _ involved Governnent ottioieie end enployeee. ..Du:-in; ,._ ,1"-..~.-.
the put you there he been oritioiem oi the Ietionol ,-=,'
' Illa loerd, lug! Ipeoitioeliy of the tent that it Illnot pemitteo, on eeourity grounle, to gagzogreph .
certain eontidentiol eotivitieo or the dien
A:-and Porno. the nu Board during the int eeeeion
A of reriinnnt one e. euh eot of eone eritioien byQpoeition heder .6eorg£'Ee~eI, end now, tailoring _upon President 21$: bomb announcement end theerreet or Dr. lime he, Ir. Drew bee reneeeo. em! .'
oonoentretod hie tioien, pointizg out the oontinyiing
nee tor enezllnmt oi the Grininhl dode to pornit
' proeeoutioa oi individual Gonnuniete ee euoh, the -
pert; ie outieeod ee en organization in Connie!, tor_ enendneot at me Ottioiei seorete lot to provide
,j,_,-f- additional leteguerde lgoingt espionage, and tor aore
' thorny: eeourity eoreeaing-or Government otrioiell »...».-.-_-, ' Q and nployeee» hood eith the epeoitio eherge oi
13,. failure to deal. with then neede ee reeonnended by tb_' loyei Goueieeion oi 19l;.6, which inveetigpted the tlouoenho *
dieoloeuree, the Government not time iteelt in e _
poeif-ion ehieh emu prove highly eaherroeeing. It Fe .
ie teoed, with the problem or taking lone eotion to -M
met the oritieion levelecl et it, eithout nttreotihg
uheree ettentioa to the toot that the eontinuel
exieteaoe oi eubvereive eiemente in overxnent egeuoiee
hoe not been prevented before now It. eoeme oerteih .
that there 11.1 be each more thorough eoreehing of" - eertein dove:-moat POPIUBIIOI-e but it ie doubtful thetthe ifs; Goia-nnent' iejol-1.2 in 1'e.r1ie.|:92::t eill giveveg poo on pressure reepeet new -_ logieietion. - . " _ ,
~ ' 'lohvereive en! eepionege eotivitiee, reoentiy r- § as -panes in pouunx oignifioenee by Dree reamed
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FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION ..
FOIPA DELETED PAGE INFORMATION SHEET -1_92
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%eletions were made pursuant to the exemptions indicated below with no segregable material
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with the other agency ies!.
Page s! withheld for the following reason s!: _
For your inf ormation:
%e following number is to be used for reference regarding these pages:
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VLAHQVICH in in the newipaper puliehing bucin_eee., _ It,ia to heir»
noted that YLAHOVICH in not being interviewed at this
because it is felt that he could not throw any light on the. 5.5.7» .
recontact
SOUKHQIL
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Relative to FOLSOM, it is pointed out that Dr,
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JURGEN KUCZYNSKI relative to the possibility of FUCHS
supplying information to the Soviets.
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HEW YORK ' 1 NY rnlrl-65-152831
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NEW YORK II I3/53 1° 241253301315 JAMES P. LEE r Ii.'n-rm f B 5" _7 _ ,- crane: +1
>* JUERGEN KUCZYNSKI IONAGE .. B" ' 'as.ALL s:="-cur:-*.~ -. .o::'rA1 _ _ 3v. it 1- -- I .." -/ Z"§?§§§s'§' c'°F°'* F EXCEI-T mas;-".£ snow! / .-is - r ; - pmsawnss -i1 1! QM-"' I WM, ongiaiiigiai Informant adv'ig;c;s5'%1Pject rgturne' 0-4-"ll. / to er from England in 1 d joine/ ism?-zgmiést ggéninateg Socialist Uni? Partya'3q¢v1v-92' . orman described sub ect as '7- " _ '9 known Comnmnist and advised that he is the 0/" president of the Society for the Study of 5 !92
_ Culture of the Soviet Union and made a trip
-g - _ V to Moscow, Russia, with that society.5 -, _ .. _ - M Informant advised zmczsmsrcr is a brilliant -' ' . ' . T3.-{ and sincere man claiming a long tradition
Q " -
-, ,,._, Q01 Marxism and claims that his great gra.nd- 0,' _ -A "' father was amen the pioneers of the .7 , : ' v!Revolution of lg1+8. -Subject also taught k v
r 92at the Co:nmu.nist controlled Free German . _.. k
A - 5; Trade Union Education Center in Bernau.I . ' 92 Another Informant advised KUCZYNSKI was ....... 7 '91 "Y member of_Com:=.unist group in Omgu§ 5-I f ' 7 -7 i;l*iQ;§.,571>°- cmélf » 5-Ew*I?'~ 5/u/3 M Declassily on: om 0719/
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' Confidential Informant I-1 another ' _Government agency ch-conducts security investigations, 1advised that as of November 1'-r, 191+? KUCZYNSKI was , Q-5
residing at 3%» Klops ockster in West Berlin and was
employed as a professor of Economic History in the Universitof Berlin. '1-1 stated that KUCZ!NSKI1eft Germany in 1933 Q"!
e , and resided principally in London until late 1911-5 wh n h; returned to Berlin. '1-1 advised that KUCZYNSKI isj L5 - IV i . , I
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D1 I To recomemi that the %ng£ie1d Office he author ed to '!_ '°I--____intrviet Professor Dorothy §tah ady, Economics Department, Bureau o _ """---Economics and Business Research, University of Illinois, Urbensn .for information relative to the captioned individua1._ _ - Hésm is u;f&'sglg:g;!|
- ~ e - men wuss: snow! '-§E..cK§.5§.QE@i. OTHERWISE __
KUCZZNSKI was horn September 17, 1904 in Eberfeld, German, arli " .'
has been idetified as s llarxist statistician and writer. He was employed in ~
1927 and 1928 as Chief Statistician ani as s writer for the American Federation ,
. of Labor. During 1929 he Ias employed by the Brookinga Institute, Iashington,
D. 0. He subsequently resided in Germany and England and moat recently has been
employed as a teacher in the Soviet Section of Berlin, Germarw. YIn the 1930 s,
Kuczynaki a1 ted the United Staten and in , the
4
Professor Dorothy Stab]. Brady was born June 14, 190} at E11: River
* and has been the subject of Hatch Act ard Loyalty of Government Employeeinvestigations by this Bureau during her employment with the Department of q/5
Agriculture and Department of Labor, lashing,-ton, D. 0. It is noted that she
was retained by these agencies afte_1" the results or these investigations were
made known to then. HCUA records reveal was s member of the
IaBhingtOn Committee for
The above organizations have been declared to he within the purview was on the publication 0
list Xuozynski. 5~59105-1.2.1.3
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_____ f.;+; - _ Title 5-' . - _ " , _ ' -__f""_'?'='?'- IHEJIDRE-' ALVIN HLL, In; _ * ~ _
e VII-L" ,Haa; * - - - S u " ' - .r=P10m! -,R_. A..e _ -
5 _ . ing houra irregu1.:.92r. .1
' L JOAN HALL have received
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PSIS: ' ' ' '
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at his residence, South Minerva. Avenue; *3 . :
Illinois» Informant eqijrises 5&1 received the 1;§_ __edition of the "Worker" ~the iatter being the 3Sunday edition of the "Daily Woiker", an East Coast
Cormmmist daily newspaper. Background set forth concern-
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_11 4 Albuquerque Informatim 5-34!
$ Chix*e**?15Z ?<ii@@PY IE FlLE_ ii ' -ormant advises 'I'HmI!JR.E and / -.~_
tng HILTON Q. LEV, whose apartment SAX shares. L.....-. 40 73
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Dr. EDNA LLEB, as was fzevioaaly reported, recommended ELL for, .
due ies at the University ot Chicago. P-"' *-
11-. is noted was me. maven u.!Sn'm1.Lsa, wire of mam mum, advised
. Special Agent J. mum nmxwmz. February 14, 1950 that she had known
Q EMIL JULIIB nAu$___1=*pgr_s while he was at Loo Alamoe, New Hexioo, and that.-, s1lF'TEH gene on a vacation trip to Mexico with 14;; and Egg.3;é1_=emaz.s and more in the latter part of NovembeYT 1945. lira. n
.92FE5er advised she had seen FUCI-B in Chicago in 1947 and that he had _
had ihanksgiving dinner at her bans. '
Ch February 21, 1950, Ire. IELLER advised that she believed F0015 had _ ,
also been at Jar home m another occasim. .
- Dr. EDWARD BEER advised that tn had first met FUCK-B a't Les Alamos in
1944 and stated that he had had several contacts with him and that dur-
ing the summer or 1949 he sew FUCI5 in London on several occasions and ~~92.
spent several hours with FUCHS in FIDHS home. _ -
_/01 llrch 1: 1950, Cmfidential Informant 1'-as areprosentative of anothergovernmentai agency conducting security and
. vised he had learned it-om a
92,9292e3
The following background i.nfc:rmatim is set forth concerning BMAHJ ' 91*muse and Ire. LUGtBIR.92lil92li£ANY]I]l1ELIER: . _ 6; .
92
EIIIARD ELL!!! was bom June 15, 1_9OB at Budapest, Hungary. He was nature-
lized on larch 4, 1941 at Iashingtm, D. O. He was employed as a physi-
cist by the University oi California at I/as AL-mos, New Mexico from April
l, l943 to January 51, 1946 at which time he terminated his-employment
and went to the University of Chicago, He ocntinued to be a consultant
of the University of Califomia at Los Ala:-nos and in this capacity visited
L08 Alamos at frequent intervals until July, 1949 at which time he returned
to Los Alsmos as the Associate Director for weapon development at the -
University of Caliiornia. -¢1 A»
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¢- 92'2.I.-. I UQice Memorandum - UNITED sures GOVERNMENT
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T0 1 IR. 1. B. BEL! _ oars: October 3, 1951
Plw = la. c. 1:. ' .no _ fgvllw - ,. VM11 sovm ujomc aw3_ T O,,,,,,-1°; cmrrali 'e franc mm :01 no " lie 1}? -*,"",.3,ss1rmn'
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" ' ; Doctor r. xe1 , inc Controller, reported 'NI-Inh
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that top British officials during . -Partite conference held in
London, England, expressed concern ouT3o?l.et Espionage activities regardin
the plutonium process at the Iianford, Washington, Plutonium Plant. He stated.
that the mitish had no specific information to back up the allegation and d Knot believe any mrther contact with kitish officials would produce edditi
information. He further stated that neither of the British officials are . ft
presently connected with the British Atomic Emery efforts. Bo case involvi .3"/_ !n
Soviet espionage at the I-Iantord Plant had come to the attention of the Bureau. _
To recommend that no further action be taken.. ' OI . _'o927 A ' ' i 3 -' mcxcmouun __. 92 .
Doctor T. Keith Glsnnan informed the Liaison Unit that /ff I
lliohael. U. Perrin, former Deputy Controller of Atomic Emery and Lord Portal,
former Controller of Atanic Energ, for the British Government, expressed c'on-, corn about possible Soviet espionage activities regarding the plutonium process I
at the Kanford Atomic Energ Plant during a discussion at the It-iPartite Con- -ference held in London, England, in niv, 1951. m-. Glennan stated that am-mg! -_
a discussion oi the Rosenberg espionage case, Porrin indicated that he was "
also interested in other pending espionage cases involving atunic energ in
the United States. Lvrd Portal commented that the Eitish had had di££icu1ta'
with the plutonium prooess- and he felt that since the Russians had succeeded
in producing a plutonium explosion, they must have received information possib
as a result of sleek at the Hanicrd Plant. Dr at he
did not believe any tuilhcr contact with Perr d_E__cd_n_ce
§lT<!i°BI_.J-!1Io1:matiun. life a1so p'6i1'BIed' out that both these individuals no1 Ionger ar_e__.ccnnec_ted with British atomic enemy efforts. wk
1 9-""0 KOBBERVATIOIB: f-r- Ono - .~. - : .*- ''"" mtilee I to reflect any espionage case involvi
a le information at the ord Atomic Energy installation. Fuchs,
Bruno tecorvo and Allen Nu May, had access to some lases the utonium
pro _s's. Pcnteoorvc nae ac " in developments of the cansdi Plutonium
Processing Plant at chalk River. In addition, Theodore Alvin , who was
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"re "e Director, rs: ' m'1'B=. n/16/50es»;
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§ 2*Rebulet 10/6/50, instructing the Baltimore Office to institute anespionage investigation on the above subject. ' , J
The attention of the Bureau is invited to certain matters, setout hereinafter, which bear upon the advisability of continuing this 4 *1investigationt - '
_ 1_.Z_A§_3ociati3n with Dr: EL'IL mops snags; " 1; .
' Reletx in the last paragraph indicates subject was acquainted withDr. Elm. KIAUSEUCHS, admitted §_oviet¢ 6§p_i_O1'1_3§§ __ggg_r_1_t_, This is not borneout conclusive in the"IIE"'i.Ere§t'I§'at'ion, an , in fact, is placed in
question by information inhthe administrative section at page 9 I
of the I-GE . 's?O1*Y1'G0lER.Y; Baltimore
It may be noted um the only allegation or the IEHIS-FUCHS I
acquaintance originated with the wife of Lt. LOUIS SC!-AMER, who furnished
information to a 01c agent on 3/3/50. The 010 report dated 3/13/so and
following information: .signed by CIC Agent MICHAEL CIANOS, 503rd CIC Detachment, contains the /N
-J_ , A- lb-g-ewie and 1; occasionally engage in conversation. She is"on 3 nu-on 1950, 1:1-e. Louie Isoneoer, housewife, 569
' Fountain $treet, Han-e do Grace, Maryland, acquaintance, was _ _
interviewed and stated in substance:
a~talka¥ive, rather friendly roman, although rather inclined to be lazy.I $he is very proud of Le1ris and is evidentlyiaithful to him.
.' Lewis not hie wife, a former employee at the Aberdeen Proving JGround, at e social function. She has confige_ Z'§3i'?3-F Q vsconosn SE 7 [ |u_é -==' ' : I . '92. 3; INEDXHJ - 22 ; WWb
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prior to their marriage, they spent a feneek-ends in New 7
l Irke ~ -
"Lewis does not subscribe to any local paper, consequently,
they horror mine. On the day that the paper carried thenews of Dr. Klaus Fuchs arrest as a Russian agent, Hrs. 92Lewis, upon oticing the headline remarked, '1 must show -
this to Jim wis!, he worked with Fuchs end knows him
tell. n n she returned the paper, she appeared rather
excite t made no comment and left immediately.
In my pin , Lewis is friendly, industrious and .' Z
intell gent. s wife takes advantage of his good nature and
usual lets him do the housework. I have never heard him
complain or quarrel and evidently he is contented. He is
upstanding, honest and forthright. I consider him loyal and
trustworthy and I recommend hit: for a position of trust andresponsibility with the Government." J
A possible explanation of the discrepancy may be found in the
. ms report or so xzarra 0. warren, San Francisco, dated 6/2a/50. At pages
6 and 7, it is noted that subject had in 191:1: and 191:5 been a social and
professional acquaintance of one ROBIEP A Filo]-IS a mathematician at the
Universi of California
It my he noted that the subject's association with ROBE_R!'
FUCHS preoeded his marriage to the present lire. LEWIS, when he married on
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RESIDENCE AIID BACKGROUND
Elli I8 !MCM$51I!D HZ!
Album Conclential Informant 1- 1, o F
advised tbat as of February 2, 1952, l921b18C1i indicated t mt -e was residing
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the 'summer i_.a gdcpected to_'hé.v'o' _e ;pqiI_ie_i-_;o£
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treating uuumch expected ;_y1@1a.=_,;¢e¢;t1_j:;ed_- . » ~ . . herein. .£dditi.<'>na1. $.n_v_es't:Lgat1.br_; :Lnc1'ud1m. . .9 '929292.f ~ ;= '1:»qum==% °Iex>.9211=1.1s=1n1'°=1im*.1'==* ==>.=1/.~s~1-'- #=w1'.1%:.'.- -;_ bk _/J w: .oi..cer_s of-part1.c1patiJ1g' egenciea and g$.ving ' ~ ' - a.tte1'1tibn"to infomgtion eontq-Lned questimed
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1.>-1»'. not merely opoosing any change in the composition of the Strategic -' ' . - 1 . A-~ -- ~-.... ___ -- . _ _._. . _W-F0.65-5722; _" » e __
_, ..- , If ' , I _,.:__::-til! ;- __ ' _ - '_ _ __ LBASIS __ _
. _- _ ' Llnstant *1;t...eg.e¢n 'n1§oi§ii§§eJossPn_ and A_tsc9.'§ssi_1o1z1stea
.1 "upon the basis oi_info_rma_tion set forth in a letter f Hay 13;. 1952, from
' J. A. WATERS Director Security Division Atomic Energy Commission 'invitingo ' attention to,the AISOP'article of l!.ay.5, i953. Such letter noted that the
' subject article contained-the fol} owing statements considered to be. "Restricted ¢
Data"! ~' , _ " ' .' ' ' I . 1"
_" ' "At Eniwetokin September, the United States will explode the world: .
first hydrogen bomb-unless the Soviet Union gets ahead of us. Contrary to I
preliminary reports, the new Eninetok bomb, will be 'a true prototype oi the 1 __ . terrible super-_bomb'_ of almost limitless pore:-.'f '_ _ » l. I _ _" "I 'i
* H ' Ina subsequent letter of June 23, 1952, the Atomic me:-gy Conmission ..
'- additionally called attenti0n.,to the June 18, 1952 ALSO? column, also consideredto contain restricted data, cetegorizedas follows: ' ' ' I i ' ' -_ -
92 I I A . _ H "In contrast, the first true euoer~bomb to be detonated is exoected
to have a oonerof two megatons. . 5» - '
. Ii _ I ' I
_ "As first disclosed in this Space, the first hydrogen fusion bomb
will he detonated at Ehiwetok at the end of the summer. This e
experimental model will not be the true super-bomb, however. Until '
very recently, there was themost widespread doubt among the best . -
qualified scientists that the euperbomb could and would ever be ' 92
. built. The vital recent development is thattnis doubt has" been I _resolved, and that the_super-bomb is definitely in prospect. . _ F
-r ~ . » -
_ for its ooiver on the quantity oi the
_ heavy isotopes of hydrogen that is exploded in it. It is neoes-ff
_ eerily large, and the more oonerful it is, the larger it is. " It- _' '
cannot be carried by light planes. . Hence General CURTIS LeUAY is ' "But the super bomb depends
_ Air Force- He is even demanding authorisation for ll additional -
. --pangs of the largest Jet bombs;-a.} " _' - _ ._ . . ;_. ' > --'.' . I
Conplete contents o£_ the column of June 18, 1952, is set £01-th_a3 _f¢J_1b"';
- - . _ . r . . . 92.4 .
mrm or1='.92c'r,._'.._'.' . ,_-J.-I .; .' '._ By Jossm and smear Anson
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i~ ._rhe'_Nightmare of Our Times} __ Q . _
._ - , .' .' __ __- . . ._ ¢ -¢
. . J "The nizhtinere 'of"ou1 - tim_ee:iias'unconsciously pointed out,the ' -
I - other day, by.S_enatO1?eBRIEN,-l!c¥£A'~ION_ Df0onn.!. Whenhe announced -~
-_, , his presidential candidacy; the "5en_ato1-offered the ,constructionZ'
~ of a thousand hydrogen bombs.-as the chief point in_-hisj _o_oliticeJ.- -- ' '_ program. Mass prod_uction"o't yeaoons of total destruction is -. _
_ _-.& _-_'- H .___1. . _ . _. . ._.__ _ , >___ .. _ l _ _ __ ,_ _ . >_ _ _. _> _,___ _ _ __' -- - .. ' , _. " '. 'j'~_" . :. - . - -_ __ - _- - '" ~~ . '---. 1.; r_;' .~.- .' -1*. -1 - _
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A. . ._the best qualified scientists that the could -=-_'.?~_.."1 _ ind lbtll ever be bu:llt;- 1'h'e,situ1 recent develonment is that -
I
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odd r.q'éa§§15-tegare ,_elec't'vorete; -yet.Sen_atU:r
l cVA_HCN was not eisctly talking through his hat-'._ _' . .;
1h_e tr-uth'is that mass output or euper_-bombs is probably not_
very far off, . An Austrian physicist published the basic >theory_ .
more than a decade __'ago. , 1_'he theory had been much elaborated _q-nd_
refined, end was sctiyely argued inthe sc1e'ntiiic' inner _-circle, when UA 3 Ifas still worldng it I-_-os AIamos.- And, -"4
today the pm-actic problems have been largely -solved, and t_hs e_
testing stage is at !_ia_nd--'> Q - _ _ , T ~ -_ . '
., , _ _<_ >. '>_ '
' - .It is important to rleali ze that the success!u1- construction
of a true super-bomb. I111 be a development surpassing the con-_ 1
struction or the atomic bomb,"in the sane say that the atomic bomb
surpassed the Iorld Ilar II _b1OC1b.18i2BI9. The two weapons ere differ-
ent in principle. -_',1'he atomic bomb depends noon nuclear fission of
the huge atoms or uranium or plutonium. The super-barb depends "-
-_upon nuclear fusion of the small atoms of hydrogeml @ - _ .
' Aboire _'a11, the two wespons are different in.'pot-entill. '.I'hs A
Last Eniwetok bomb hed a power of over 100 lcllotons, which '_is_
scientists languagefor the -explosive force of 100,000 tons of .his: eJtpl_osivej- This is somewhere near the limitfof an atomic -_ -
ban .- -- -_ " , .. _. =. . -__ _ . , r. . '.'.' '92 _ _._ e .'.-92 . - -_-." , J vi -' - . '
expected to haves power oi two megatons, 1-H oh is the equivalent
or the explosive force o'ftiro_million tom of high explosive. lore-
over, this is not the end.__ There are GOIIDLBX limitations of mech-
snism, and limits also on the size of the super-bomb that can be" '
'deli~:ered to a distant tarset. Nonethe less, the two-snegston
bomb can theoretically become the precursor of even greater and" '
moreterrible weapons. 7: f_ -=_"- . . _ _- 92 1 _-
_ ._ The confident] anticipation that _a two-megaton bomb con now -
be constructed represents _a change in_scienti.c opinion. As f _--'
first disclosed in this space, the first Hydrogen fusion bomb ; -
will be detonated at" Euiwetok at the end of thesummerq This I
exberimental model jllill-not be the true superbomb, however.
Until vsry_'recen_tly, there fires the Vmostjlidespread doubt among
this doubt has_§beenres'ol§ed, ind thet_t.l1§.* eager-bomb ifs denitely_ __ l. -:4-_ q-J. - » ._ '1" " ' . _A >. --- _ _ .| - - .. -. _- t . ~ ' --_ .' '_'-_ . - _ Y _, _. - - _. ~ _-- <. - ,__ d ' »__., ..- :__ -..-[- _. -. _. __ -"-. ,.r" -- - __ _- 92- .. _~ _ -- 492_, ;_ me cherscter .'o!_'_t'hi's Ie'spop_ qmeu is in prospect go",-"e beyond
that the normal imaginstion -can comprehend. ' '1'_l92Q_i,_i_D¥inQgatog'
bqnb_I111_ sc'h_ie've' t6_tl_1ds's'truc_tion' injnn go-eaof. am emcee [100 ._
fsquare miles, It "H1 -dewfssotete by blast an ores" Just _under'18O~
s greet modern cagi_ta]_.,"_csnibe Ii_ped_ iron the fscs -of the '_ea.i~tl-I ..
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'III._ nmomwrron m.r».szp CONCFRNINI} mmuoxmctyriig arsmncgrmrrnmsrs * ' ~i- mun . 92~-.2 " *_ =_
J -. e. - Hr. uonss stmssumr and mi-.tsaE1.sY THOLAPSQN; o_f_ the
' Office of Infomational Services, Atomic Eherey Commission, were "
- ycontacted by the writer relative to official releases and ' _ -
- " published information concerning thermonuclear research and/or " *
related tests, In this connectim, Mr. SALISBURI and L&r.' - _ -
E{OL1'PSON calledattention to the following materials, indicatimz '
such to contain theextenttoi officially released ini'ormation "
- pertaining to AEC researchpand progress on_a thermonuclear device _
and related tests, to their knowledge: ~ ' _ p - '
. 1 -. : . ¢. '_
- A. - A Report Puolished By the Joint Committee on Atomic A V V
' ' 'ihefg_v, 31511 Congress, Second Session, JiTl_[I§§U,*§1titlé_d .
> _ _Tii'1e pl-Iydrogen Bomb a_nd'Ir1ternational Control: Pechriicél *5ndH3ackgmunYi Infoz'mati*orF'5 ' » - - ;_ . .
' ' ' . J .
92 U it is noted that the Foreword page oi the stove
. report states: » ' . l ~ ' - _-¢ I . . . '
_ - _ "In the fall of.l9h9 the chairman oi "thejoint committee
- directed the committee staff to study the hydrogm bomb '0'6 in relation to international control of atomic energy." _
- . 92 It is noted that the Appendix Section -01 this report '
- t repeats the public statement by President TRUMAN January 31, 1950,
, vrnichisasfollows: _f1 ,. _ _
"It is part of my responsibility as Commander in Chief 7
of the armed forces to see to it that our country is '
able to defend itself against any possible aggressor. .
Accordinzly, I have directed the Atomic Fhergv Commission
to continue its work on all forms oi atomic weapons, _
- includinz the so-called hydrosen or" supexbomb. Like all
other work in the field_of atomic weapons, itis beihg
and will be carried forward on_a _basi's consistentjith -
. the over-ajllobjectives of our program for peace ma ' '
t - .- 1__ security." = _-: 11' " I.-1. -9 ',
. . -- -. .> _ »'>- . . 1 -
- - HcmHON to the United states sedate, February. 2,- 1950, which i5'T"=.-Tl' as fcllowsi, ~ - - ,
. ,.;.._ . - . . .... .. _ - _
' 92 _ _ . _ ... . - . <
' -~ - I - ..>,-' -. ~ -< 92_ a -_ I _..--a.~,... ___.-._ ___- . _ .._.__..._...___. _ __.__ .-_..._ .. -._ __...._.....__._..>-._.._._ __._> _.: __._~... .... .._ _ -92--_, _ ...-_. _ .._._ _ i _- _ .7 __ __. _. -... #7 ... Y- ' It is notedthat the tippendixof thef§cove report " J""I
_ ',1rther contains an_ extract from an address by Senator BEEN 1- _
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"Ilene is the way" it was eteted in'Dr. GRAVES .stateun§nt:_ _'
{He have gained /new; information and understandingof __ it -
. the basic phenoiuenJa_ underlyingihemonuclesr neactiozzs '- _-1 I mm we win havstosliaazve it there 21:1 not indicate
_ _ -_ H __ whether we are gloomy or happy aboutit. _ _ - .>
D. The above Atomic. Energy Comiiissionn re reseritatives also '1 -
3 Yurhe a_c¢$§ 01' a bo6E"1Ft_'pu5IisHeH byihé Joint Uommitjoee _
_ o_n lTomic_En¬rQ'_, lEri1_¬c-"I951 eht1t1é:T 'So927iet [tomic>_E§gion_§"g§l
j_; . ~ I It is noted the}-'.1'ini"ormation$»0 the $59? -15i°a.*'i°n ha
"espionage activities of FUC1-B," LIAN NUN _ Y and others is_set'1orth¢
Such material comfrpnting on FUCHS arrest notes that following this _
'a:'re_et that everyone who hsd concerned himself with the atomic = 92 ,
affairs oi, the United States immediately experienced a deep and
bisii fhk .tin.g;ht il ti 'that__Z; »1§.i1K§""iT Ze=s5?&; ,';1m_ Rite? Z26 !§§k"i¬ma,-um,recalling One oi his wartime visits Alamos wrote, As he" 3
F'J¬§!tconft:s:e:1a§§ve}£ye;r8 lager he betgayedftghthe éloyieis the mos n ima e s erne. Vss a mem er o __ e inneric 39 es-
not only about the__A92-bomb but the hydrogen bomb as wel1.'f3 ,5 ". . ' ' -_ 1 '
- , _'ihe above booklet referringito monsI_.m~e_=+. rebnm-y3," .
1950! states: - - ___ i ;_{__. _ ;. _ -_ j
" "The White House_s'ec'1-etary'_s_.nno1_:."1.eed_- that President -~ .
l'RU3~IAh' had known about the FUCHS Case before it reachedz,-.
the public but th="'- he the._P11e__si_dent!. had not been ir.£ormed
at thetime of decidim fevt. dag; earlier to order an- -
. _intensiiied hydrogen 'prog_ram."'.' _ _A _: _ _ - _'
c ~14:-. sausnmz sruir. rnomsm haveuolted ast may have 4' '
no knowledge o£_ any official infomation ha.-{ring been "released '--j-'5' u. '
specifically associating KIAUS FUCI-B with Atomic Energy Comuizissios -. .'
thermonuclear research. » . .' '> " , .' .- .' -- ' A.. - - ,. "- .-' .' . 92. '- ' " ' - ' ' I . - . _ >. ' '.'92- ' ' . .1 - ' -In _ ~ _ _ . ~ _. ..- _- - _ | . - - . .
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iv. INQUIRIES 01'-* PUBLIOINFORI-1ATIOH arm on sEcvRI;n[F Panriirancicendl " -I'D , , , , __ » ,__ _ _, l_. a ~,_ .
' ' - " ~~' -.':v.. ~ Y . '
,?i -A. Atomic Energy Coqpission 1 s;f§¢f': _
- " MICHAEL A. nsmwrsxsg Assistantsecrity 0fficer,'
"_ Washington Arse Security Office, Atomic Energy Commission,
nad advised that a check of the visitor registration cards
hes failed to locate any indication of personal visits on the
' parts of STEWART or JOSEPH ALSOP to any of the offices of V Ithe Atomic Energy headquarters subsequent to July 205;l95l. _.I
»
Mr; DLMATTEIS has noted that results of the above ~~
cneck against visitor registration records dating backfto ~-
Jsnuary 1, 1951 reflect the following previous visisby . #¢~1
. Stewart Alsop to Atomic Energy neadquarters prior to"Uu1y.205 1
"1951. . :. #-~ f'_ ,xT"=: -~
_ . I . } _ ' > '1» January 23,j4Z§1, s:*E.-.'.4a~r ALSO!" was admittedetovisit SnELBY OMPSON of the Office of Informational
Services. ' § -
2. May 9, 1951, STEWA§§ALSOP was admitted to visit _
1%Commissioner SUMN . -'- @_ , -~ - *
3. June 8, 1951, STEWART ALSOP was admitted to -e-gain contact Hr. SUMNER PIP-3. - _ _,
ii-'c.__.1;. July 20, 1951, 1* ART ALso1= 'w==éaih1z'£é,q.,te;mm Mr. monmégmssmx of the orr1c8_-'- er '
Informational Services. _ i_ -_ .___ H...__-
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--- -
- .
DEHATTEIS naa advised that the above check failed to.
locate any record of a visit to tne Atomic Energy Commission -
" neadiuarters by JOSEkh ALSO? during the period covered in »'
tne cneck.>-":"; 1 ' ' '..j -" ;-~~ =-"¢- A~+=--=~->-
. > Mr. MORRIS ~SALISBURY end Mr. SnELB.i THOMPSON of en;
Office of Informational Services were contacted by the writer
A at which time_their attention_was invited to the contents of
u. .?h §rtic1es. "."*'1_ 5- ~ '@._-- -,I 1 -1, _ ,m.' -_ "..-*' '-I <
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1 ; _ September as a date for the proposed testing of a thermo ! . nuclear device." They'indicated that they are unable to J5' ' offer any-suggestion as to the.possible source of euch- - _
- information other-than' froin.,officie]..s'ources. A . d *-
- J, ~- - _ - . » . _ '- .1 ~ - . ' . ~ - . '~ .. V - _ ' . . . - _ . . . . | I, _ A _ . , I . . - _ _ _ . _, '; - ,1u1ee§ noted that the secpnd_paragraph of subjecti"
' article mentions that KLAUS_FUCHS before his arrest had -
transmitted to Russia all current information on the hydrogen " - .'¢
" _ bomb project. The above representatives indicated that they
have no knowledge of any information released or furnished in »
. connection with the trial of FUCHS which would suggest " '
authority for the above referred to statements in the i
questioned article. They additionally noted that-the remainder
__ :- of the_article appeared to treat with information concerning '
' .the Air Force. . - 1
The above representatives advised that they could-
recall no previous contacts with either JOSEPH or STEWART ["
ALSOP which would appear to have relation to the instant '
investigation.' _ - = 1 _' 4 . - - y
- Dr. JAMES BECKEHLE! and CHARLES L. MARSHALL of the
Office_of Classification, Atomic Energy Comission, advised
that they were unable to recall officially or publicly
released information which would suggest the specific source
as to the previously identified restricted_data_contained
in the subject columns. - ~ . . "B
'. In.giving attention to the infonmetion contained in
the subject articles they noted that in the June 18 article
reference was made to a change in scientific opinions .
concerning the feasibility of a thermo nuclear device. In
this regard they noted that prior to Operations Greenhouse
March to May 1951! that doubt had been expressed in classified
councils as to the feasibility to contain forces sufficiently
long to produce a chain reaction.- As a result the opinion
-was held by some scientists, including J. R. OPPENHEIMER,
Dr. CONANT and others, that development should be curtailed.
They pointed_out further, however, that the experiments in
the Greenhouse Operation indicated that the feasibility
was actual, and tended to resolve scientific doubts.
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___-4-"T__: _ A 92.
~ -- " M" 'It'I1be noted thatIPOin1et'o£iugust 12, 1952, requested be
. Bureau ocnsideraticm as to authorising contact with Jlli. HIBBRCBK of Air "
Pores" meguine,indieeted to be the author of an article "The Inezoneable.
nigh", appearing in the June 1952 ieeue oi Air Foroelmagezine and referred
$0 ¥1'Qile I H . ' _ ._ . . . _ 92 -
?[s _By letter of August 20, 1952, the Bureau advised that an
interview I88 not_deeired' Iith LOSBRQIFK at this time and that the contents _
of the above article were being called to the attentiam of the Atomic energy j
' Commission. ' " ~ -~ -- -_'__ , Is A __~
' 0
' ' ' This report is being classified security irzfor-ietiqggtop secret 4'-'
inasmuch as the details makes {reference to intonation previo11e1yi.ni1.cated .
to be considered restricted date - top secret by the Atomic Energy Ccmmiesion.
IILLIAI 1. BUIEB, Security Division, AtomicCommission, who furnished information ettribiited to
bin by the above symbol herein es information received
oonfidentily kin Oolcmel ANDREI O01 or the llilitary
Liiison Ccunittee.I-1
, _ 92
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Iill upon receipt of appropriate Bureau authority interview _ *3
JGEIH and 8'1'8IAR1 A180? relative to the source or sou11:es_""f;__- '
of the information contained in the subject artiel-es, which
has previously been indicated to be considered "1-estricted4_ +__
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R, 1Q ! 3543 nntlvronimzchcntnaurmw...W.,,,m@m&' =01 4 ~3" *3 ° u£:z*=;'r:.»ac#m 0.-mma. *_ Otca at Spell! Investigations F/.Mr lb:-an 92W4 M
Attention: Chief, Qountcrintolllgonca Division
tron: John ldgnr Iloovor, Director F 'u=~mm ImlSubject: ML_ unmm. anumrn mssu°"" *"7 "'° 9 ~.$815-» 1,
lateronca 11 undo to your lotto: 0! July 8, 1987,gangigr lotto: at July 18, 1961, your rororonoo I-P181113
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-. pert nent information concerning the other individuals92 mentioned in the enclosures to your referenced letter. _
g 92| 92_ .-. _ 5 Ie would appreciate receiving any additional l -
'_ " information developed as it pertains to this matter. 'I
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I*n ormationpertaining to an Air Force matter which aas so classified by _- '.
_ _ I that Agencyxl A , A -t t =21. if. " . ' ' _ I vi _.- -- Subject is bei til " 3
< , sion of the Air Force to obtain information concerning _ . i;
" ' the various technical conferences being attended by Soviet '
~ been done and the results arebeing furnished to that office@_u.; b
Jr:nations!,
He was recently debriefed, the results of ahich aere tarnished i. '2_ to this Bureau, and OS! requested a name cheek review which has/5:
Classified "Secret" since it contains i f -
an ,__ A
ng u ized by the Foreign Technological .- I '
mu
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FEDERAL Buhziu OF lNVESTl ;i_I;92"[l§!l_92l
$ * BUREAU SECURITY la%?RMATi0N__ GllGIlA'l'$AT> 7 _ ___', 92___~!_ _; _ A1,, 7 L 11' T ' ' 1
puqqqauuu anaruumn -- __ - ' ' _QIZ'lllA1 nnnalnnl amen _ _L BAR l " :E:§ALrmoaE 2/26/53 2/ 5'9-1% ~ mm: F. xrxzmssnmr mjl' . r'0 he !p_aoanwr 1' H J / SPECIAL INQUIRY
. ' . 1 - F3/em uorn92c192e_- 0 -1 refleo intee bor 92
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i av "'°1: 92 . M?-> l'__§92'§~ REFERENCE. Bureau teletypes to Baltimore, 2/1;/53 and 2/6/53.
Baltimore teletype to the Bureau and Washing on
DETAILS5 Ppon1 .- Q _/' d ten-nine his suitability for a position5 t7"- of trust. Investigation revealed no A Wm A 9292 92? . $5 $5 information reflecting adversely upon*$Q92¬59292q$+:-f"??? is character» lofalty or diacretiozw U I» .s
Field, 2/2"v16
5/53.' CLASSIFIEEY '
_ cLASSl . .L M.Aj"LA_ND on i H 5r" {The rue; of confidential informant 1*-1, a therconduct personnel and intel i ence i esti- 1
appointee was born on
I able results. light other amp oymen e, , ,
Washington,-D.C., were verified through the review eat the aboveI ~ - " J _ :_§§':___?'_: __. .- I __' 1' I
_.. '.-.{.. E. ' _learance t pe invee 3 . ooneern- 4ted on 11/§ '/1+9, to do ine his 7cfor a position oi trust and eonfideneen u 1.61
Duri the course oi this inveetigatiorl, the >1-»¢°¥§§ I ~ K8
or one employment, in Washington, D.C. were revieweg with {avoi-' - 1 t in Chicago J-I11; I and '
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. _ t OURTNEY, DENIS A. I. Dossier Number: X8-170900 :
'. UCHTMAN, EDWARD J, " " - X8-285781
A j ens, EMIL JULIUS KLAUS " V " x8-286306 a L CZYNSKI, JURGEN x8-gasses I , '
_ _ ozan, SOL mvxo -
,».. - snmln MICHAEL THEODORE " , ~@~1 x7-16B90h
f s I._-F, MORTIME_I_i.BER'.T,_RAMOMGUS. R- was
. under
_ Relations n, OMGUS,
_ p , 1 5 p son
were also reviewed without locating any degree of unfavorable,P Ii
. _.-_'. - .- ' . -.___.. _ 92 .» _'.~' . . __.. ---
sea 71-6030 " L ..,-._-._i-__ - " , *
' .1 --<:E?Ann1n1sT1gA1~1vep nos * ~ _ 92_ ; '1'-1 pile-2 ¢§@;-81 mm, Facility; Fort Holabird,
-SA-SETH F, ElKENBEHRY_b§
'ing Officer of the_Faci1ity9- t ~1-=w=msr5
- - 3- . .... . _ _ ._____. ._-
retired,"- i
oformerly with '
deputy in the OPM and served ..
cutive Director or the bor.
X
The i ormation contained in the attached report was
obtained om G-2 file bearing dossier number X5-138051 and
'.?F6,-?5?°?3 ux. j_;=.; In . .. c 1; 1--4:; -_
. . The contents of the attached report is being marked ¥L-
SECURITY INFORMATION--CONFIDENTIAL 83 the G-2 file 18 SO 018581-
fied. " i
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in the attached re ort the G-2 files of the fo lowin er s _
--personal association between WERTS and these persons; '0the , 1
information,:relative to HERTS and these persons, contained in
G-2 fiIes, has been incorporated in FBI reports in the G-2 files
originals or which are in the possession of interested officesper referenced bute1sa§92#e 1» ;= ,1 ' 3 g'- =__,___ '. - .... . .. _ L, . , _ .¢....v_- , = -_.....:._., ."_.
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ilf__'fT_ ii Honorable J. ldgar Hoover, lT "Y?j .?.;_-:'.I"_.'} I-' F";
'-_ _ Director, Federal Bureau of Inieeti.gnt1m,'.=i§;,"Z~<I1-;~
;--i-E __ United States Depazjtnent of Justice, -§_;:'Q___'_:"l-£1}.-':_ill-2'7: _ ,'==hi192s*m, P- .°- __-;.*f.;--.-:';?-_" -;L_-'_..*;- ~ - -5 ~ -,¢.92 - E. . - _ _ .ey.1-1.,»-.--- . Attention: In-.__L. Ihitem, _ 2 - 1 ' : _A _ 'r ' > - J . W -1- 7; -:1 -g T" -if-E Q-""'.-_: -23..-->_?';t_t L-_ -. --- .:
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Inquiry has beenmgby your office concerning the British * V "
. Scientists Ibo are in this country engaged upon work in connection Iith
the Manhattan Engineer Dietrict. !o'n.r ottioe has indicated that eimi1er_ 1 . 4 _
information is desired concerning Canadian Boientiete in this country;
- Information hee not yet been received by thib office cdzoerning the '
____ _0a.nndian8cientiete._:-_-_;.' , .-_- 7;- ' > he 2o]J.oI1Jagi"inior.mticnhee been received thie officeZ71 _ >
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' Britieh Scientiete who are in thie'oo92mtry -and engaged in work of interest to '_. < the hnhetten Engineer Dietrictx . . _ . " 3
- . --.1
<.-' the United States on December 3, 1943, have left the Btlhe E0
--.o..-Q _to_the_'United §_ingdom, on or before !e!_:ro.ery 8_, 19_441- - _ " "
'I.A.Ym1-e o, 0./hm X0. r.fxw-um nxsqemme n.s}{mr. 1: Sinus J. R._IPer.k .1. Déhgg . 1.. B/P£e1_1 ' us an-_n. o._xum= _ 0. ;./aigaan . s. 8/Smith »" any_ __ , '_ _ _92n"92-. '7: ., *7 .' , ' .-____
,1 Jlr. 6. 1". Iearton arrived in the United 3tetee dnring the week or lard: 20, U
: and will be etationed in New Iork City. » ~ 1 ' -_
/U U. - .'_-75.,'._.
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me location, date of arrival, and I~llSMPees Number on British the are _ '. nc|Iinthieoountryu~eeeto]J.oIe: 6,, . _ -- 5
- - . , em I .1. cmane, December 3, 191.3 i _ ,
_ - 1;. 13retscher' February 14, 1944 _ - l' = 1 _, _ ' 0. RI ieclv December 3, 1943 _ f_ -
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December 3, 131.3
December 20, 191.3
_Iibrmry 18, 191.4
Jehruary 2'7, 1941.
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Bu; no do _te_ information has heeg received. -- - _ --- - '~ 2 *+'J<_ ». ""----'.". 0' -1~ PNew rm A n.'1§.§@>.1e=-1. ' ' December 3; 194392-<','
K mo December 194 - - 3 3-_- - I 7 u.t:_u.1-1.71 - December 3f__19z.3_moo
8795 .e-291? _ Ibbrnery 2'7,'"i9Ll.-If 647.; .Number.-3, 3-943 1 =o:r,-:_'*,f=§-;.."@__;e_,;-;§;;:_=_-; _ :~. 92r J * " ' -. / A "' » '~-F."-,5" -"_ ._ .. Dr. R. I Hinze ind Dr. 0g cbd to ,;. '
errive Lo th_ie ggxmhw I1 _ jbenext In Ieeke.'__. T];
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Ir. Blqyrm has not yet neoeived 0. permanent peas.
Iaehington I. L.92y»bqm- December 3, 1943. 141.2
D. 0.
92
Repreeentativee of the British Govemmnt in this country have -
assured _t.hi.e office that all of the i.nd1'd.dua1e who are in this country 4
Iere oheredby B1-1't.i.eh_B_eourity prior to their departure tron the United
the Ganediane, it will be mrniehed to your office.
I4Sincerely yours,
LANSDAIE " J1-.f
ut. éolonei, 0.2.
I -2-_ , * 1 o $.§-921. eoenee the inform-_t1m 1.. recelived Hy 1.1.1» m... eonoemirj A;:..'?.~._ "12:: -_._,- '- .~_ _;-'.-<_
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_.-.'---. _ Ir. B. Bay-Ililliama from New zoalnnd arrived at Berkeley, Cali-
Q _ Toia, on or a'5out 1 August. _. _ t, ; _-. _ A
" ll-. his been tr'ans1er1-ed York to I. '11; pious
' - . E Ioave Few York on 11 August and _a_hou1d ax-r1v_e tor duty at /{Rn on-about 1J,'1nguat._--1 - :: -,» _ -;;.=.
' ' ,/ Ilr.92~J P5!mner is rei-.n'rnin g from thisooun to I an l Non orla u llugut. A, , _'1.' ". -.- W!I . 1. __ .,, I __ _ . H . . . - I
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- ;. an expo; a , o eaveltho Untted States on or about 1'7 August.
1;. _§g;:_-,<.,_I--¢Q'|_1_.i._':-!;;_T92,-;.,_.4'.;<:__-:4;!_ _ _ . . .' '---' .,--'- ._ '- 1.»: :':.i .
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_ on matters relating to the Manhattan Engineer District have been re-
. H L. Hr. GJ"Pa 5% from New Zealmé a.rr1ved:at"Bark_e1e'y. C81-ifoz-niauv : l
lmr. ok in expected to arrive in th:ls;cqnnt:-5' in nearl 1 " _ -_ nwm » ,.
- _;j"-' " _- Federal Bureau of Investigation, 1-. V1:?¢-$l7"VT7i'"-»:>.':~'j- .~
J .. . -' . - ' ' - '~- . T92 * - .1 *=-_" ' nr. In Dion was issued n.1|.s.u. Pass so, 790 and
n Bax; _e qr, ifornia, on or abcmt 7 Ang92ast7 -'1 ~
an-. Féii-.>m1th has been issued B.u.s§ia.Hi5u= do: 2201 mi arrivod_ a gs, Tennessee, on 4 Quguat. -
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_ p s o e on or about 17 August. _.,i _ I-
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A - -_ > I'E"iu1-eito Ziacuss various question: of patent administration, -'
+ '_ ~', § 1 {his otca has bean info:-mecinthat named §Dm:B . - o individuals hav 'b86n cleared by British S0¢I1!'$g$" -. -_ I - . - "'¢ Q *:;°2R:1E:;;,1,§.;¬n1/iv};/1L*@¢g£*4!F§' l ' Aux;$8901 281%.. D SE -If um." giifiafiait
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synpcthizon have lndenbnd to nounan: Iith the Linda Iauzgy ¢o|n.i._n$|n.¥,H-14! - I 3- ium ":1
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51¢
of 19$ Provident
u> the aoat. an utter considerable delibantio ma tut»
Govornnont and due Atomic Energy lhmiuion had dooided to Qonduct
roan:-oh in order to mmzfaoture 1 hydrogen banb which as reportedly _
may times more powerhal than the proaent atomic iupon new being
inf n - Isutured p Ag ti F /,5. ff! / 81¢ , Q' - 5&1 Q, lllnn-I81!
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mom?! br ma: - mu confidential mpm-.___!:E " the Pg _u-0 2'1o'b 1'_.o92 be distributed ids agenby to *I2?
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n.-... _Torre Route, Indiana. It no shipped to Vladivostok, USSR, from
Portland Aboard the Soviet S8 KASHIRSIROI which sailed fmmPortland on or lbout -October 3, 1944. ' /4
he oonoigneo Rnsno _Ig_:2ort, USSR, and the
Int-orial no valued at $145. 53- - '- &C j '3 I.
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an-.' ucxson mm, -Records Analyst, u. 8. Ifltlma 1
Service Firehouse, Riolmond, California, supplied the above bill oi
lading for examination. This bill of lading was stapled to Eastman
Kodak Company Invoice No. R-l8 dated Jzily 18, 1944. lho invoice
include: "a total oi thirty-nine items, among which were two 100 lb.
drume of tetra-born: crystals; ilxirty-two oases, eaoh containing
tour 100 lb. bags of sodium carbonate: one ease containing xree
100 lb. bags of oodium carbonate; and throo oases, each containing
8 lbs. oi totmbomto borhx oryatalo. Also listed on this invoice
nae Case Ho, 2, containing nine 6 lb. bottles of uranium nitrate-
Ihio eubsmnoo Ins valued at $16.17 per bottle, for_a total value
of $145.53.
The invoice indicate: ihdt the itoma mentioned
above were being shipped to the U. 8. Treasury Department Procure-
ment Division, Torre Bnuto_.Ordnnnoe Depot, Torre Route, Indiana.
- , _ 3. nza11,_.ruLm§_xm§__:om.1
' fem Eranoiooo I-3, .91 lmown reliability, has advised1:ho.tEC'I§ one arrested-_.-4 n*l»ondon by British authorities on Febm -. _ Y I
M SL T5" CONF|92Q§NnAf
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SP 100-16980 V'=@~me £2, 3.950, following on admission to Britis ios that he bod
passed classified information to Soviet Agents in England in 1941,
1942, and 1943, and in the United 8tites in 1944 and 1945, and again
in England from 1946 to 1949. Bo hos described his contact in the
United Btotss as being one individual Ilhose identity was not known
to FUCHS. He passed written information to him on several occasions
in New York, Boston, and Bantu Fe, New Mexico. FUCHS stntod that
while ot Les Alnmes he burnished this individun informationoenoorning the design of the Plutonium buniil J
FUCHS ms subsequently convicted of espionage in
Greet Britain and received e. sentence of fourteen yours imprisonmentfor viqietion of the Official Seorots Act. K,
I
His I_§FILIRA'I'ION
V A. ms muses scmmnc mnonnomr,
__* 1.05 Anmosk 1 i eo L
eiza Jossxxkaer, h H us ,
He has been employe as o laboratory mchinist by the
Los Alamo; Laboratory since November
restricted dots
4,19
NAGY when interviewed by security officers of the Atomic "92
Energy Commission at Les Alomes first denied that he had two sisters -0-
in Hungary, but later admitted this, stating mot since he had never .
soon these two sisters he did net consider them es sisters and so
did not indicate in y my they were his isters. Be ishedtheir names o. CRE, noo MIG GY, and N , MWnee I10 ngy.'
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. T@_.@Y"'.' _- Oice '~ unzrwiamé eovammsm -
To : ' Director, FBI 00-205953! NIB: 11/25/5'3 .
bl! n '0 -_k iu 0" 8 "by "k 1°°'8 'ALL uuronmmon cemig =~ REWARD PETERS» ~'== us uncuxssm
_ -. -. . ...ql-4 ~
, y submit recommendations concerning interviews_with;_§!;0RGE'_J_- -Q1: 1;t BANKS GRETZ 83¢ FRIE , ='_-"__1_'" _"_ -' . ;_=,-_E- '3.:_i_ _; _
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4'» '92~=1 QERPI-921iT92FRIEDLAH1E.1i A/7>Q.-- " ' *
j .- _. NYO files reflect that an applicant type - 1y investigation was conducted on FRIEDLANDER by New York in 191»? ' ,1
' and 19% . On 11/18/1+8 FRIEDLANDER was interviewed by the AEC at '5M it New Yo ck re his Commmist associations and connection with IGNAC$wICOCZAK, Soviet Espionage agent. Answers given by ' a¢'~§:?';;; -i,iI *..//;!vFRIBD HIDER were considered unsatisfactory by ABC though NYO+" ~.- ~ files do not indicate what specific questions were here asked orqovs
in what way the answers were considered unsatisfactory by AEC. J '
In August, 1953, additional investigation or FRIEDIANDEB was initiated under,the1Atomic Energy Act. This investigation
' did not develop dezgétory information on FRIEDLANDER aside from- a contact between Dr. 'Ki,AU9>eF'UCHS and FRIEDIAHDER in November, ...-_s-,_';_;;_»_:v ~ 191+7, also r¢Q9rted_.in» reg _Lrj,<;e/-d_A1bany letter. Report of. J -' ' 1 J ' ~= ...... °°.-Pf ° i""""'°??°L¬g§¬<* s e. * I./_<e 1.205955 5@1 2 =- '5 -_.°_, ,é ' V'1 - San Francisco 0 $2815! 4, Q1 - wro oo_197so! <1 2;.! A .- - 4? -e. ~.._..._ >0 L- 2»1PL:J2EK £4? /7,1 4, /92 "; e ' w ~
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' - _. _.._1- 7, _> _%" HEREIN;, , ' : -~ IS -a=n.=» V-. A ag mm» Ashes: m Gvmmsm. .951 ._.7-/5' " .3 »- - M "rs; . - ~ ' g /is - .
A Re Albany letter who the Director 10/23/53 requesting '19
_, GEORGE . NETS ET >
Q Q , gI . L I: "~ 2 .11 - UQ 0
92
I-Etter to Director, FBIH! 100-87166 _ A _
SA JOHN P mime"! 9/so/53. mr, captioned"GEP.HART mmommng -6., -,;_'-_=_._ -_ _ 1;! ._ .z27_16,-_. mini sets forth opinions or officials and"Q" *' scientiets at
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--""' Report o1'8A mvxn c. seencna, 7/19/50,
~ Schenectady NY, FRIEDLANDER "was reported to have been activen _ __ in Communist affairs and to be oi unsavory character. :9 ; .--Jr 1'-_
Derogatory report on subject: Communist activities and character
995 A1!-C records further reflecte m DmMm was oneIn fi t ersons contacted by JOHNEBLEWETT, who was_organizin§ of e rs p
'- a protest of cientists against the '3 denial oi clearanceto one HOBERTSGREEN without telling GREEN the reason for this _ha ial. cam: reportedly was a manner.c1:.zne_G1?_at.so1;o;-rootagjen
_E!.- N! tiles do not reflect more current information on, _ _ 4
FRTE-DLA3DER's present sympathies, while there is no indication
in HYO files that FRIEDLA1-ZDER would cooperate in i92u'nish1ng'
information on PETERS, it would appear advisable to contact him
and ascertain his present attitudes in this regard. e
FRIQEDLANDEB was last known to have been employed at BNL, NY.
"J" Bureau authority is requested for an interview of -- T
FRIEDIANDER. Y - ': -" .- 1
Report oi"SA MAURICE P. LEEN, 10/23/53, NY, in the
PETERS case sets forth a lead for ll! to report information
-_ contained in the local INS tile on HILDE ADEIBBERGER. A
' review of INS file C 5 586133 on ll/21+/5'3 reflects ms at
NY has as yet not interviewed HILDE ADEISBERGEH as contemplated
in INS letter to the Director oi October 1 last. INS at N! _ has no information in its file on anetseraeanrs possibleconnection with PEi'ERS' not originally obtained by INS fromFBI reports. _ V_ . e_'_ -_ , ~ "- "
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.-T- - _the PETERS case aets forth further informtion on _ _ _f.' " _ According to the records oi the AEC,8ecm'ity_ Division, _ -:- .- . ;
were not substantiated. .;._.-- -~=_»_-_, -- _
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___ p It-iedhnder regarding any inovledge he my have concerning the eubjeot, $31;
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sac, In York 00-e-2166! December 30. 1 3 _ 95
- A llh'ec'l'-a", mi mo-eos9$3!fo| /;
_ ;_- '9; .- -it _ _ P5335, up 1-*,_ M-.. _ -;. _-,1 ff - .3. _- ., ~.7 } _, _ I. 14~ E -.-___;_-.=_;92 .'¢: - _ ,-. , __ t ~_': - ; ,» _ , __-_ 3 . __ . -. '_- _ 1,; Qv92- 92_¢"*'92925 .¢92_ A; L " .-
ea! ..1' I.. _ E " -1. 1 ~:--- ' . _.-..-.-"'--' ._ 11'-,'. A 3 '..- -- . -J - . - :-'3'.-|.-'. .- . ~'<Z':*-Ti-y ' f'l'- "_' 3 "N iffiip .' .7. ~7-.-_.'=?.'I~' .1 -' " '=' 7'92_ _;~_-_'_":" _-_ __ _:§,-.1";-:92-_;~ -1 - :'._, 3; c Q -. -; - . . 5 ,;. .. . -. 1- -. - . - - - .
,_ _e:n int-ex-view 111.!» serum hiedlander or the Brooldzeven Iationel :1_=,,_-_.-_=_.;~; _; , -. " Re Ieiiork letteé n-as-53 feqiieeting m+.neo1£§'§er' e_ J. 5% ; J5 ._ Laboratory at upzoe, new York. Bu:-em nnthm-it; in gi-aaf-ea to interV$.oI_.-_~;
In conducting this_inter1;rie1r, you should behguided by existing Bin-ean'_92 4;. -,1.- .~_ - _instz'uc.one z_jo_1ating to inte_rviewe eithpeecurity subjects. _ --2 -;
¢;._;f'= ..'m..=.,* <1@o.¢@¢§> p¢i;.;5¢_.-.;.e;_;.;> v ._ ,6 t ~-.
.-,5?-.2~mrne 00;-98a6! - '- 1 '
.. 1': i re-iedlandenu lees inveotileted by Iteiuili-liéudlea Ail-25-eEnergy applicant in 1947 and 1948 meg intqg-y1a1md.by the Atmc,
Energy Ounmiaeion on 11-18-48, at Ibi time he allegedly gave uneatietacto;ensue:-e to the lE@ the investigation developed that he had been in
contact with Dr. Klaus Puche in November, 1947. !'e11ow ployeee end _ ;neighbors considered tin aggressively a.nti-Communist, gzordmg to AEG
records at Schenectady, New York, I:-iedlander wee reported. to have been - fective in Communiot affairs and to be of nneavory character? Derogatoz-y_ ',_-
'»:-eport on eubjeoe Communist. activities and character were ot rub-e ¢ ' '"céetantiatod. He ie presently under investigation at the request of ABC. ,_ -. "__ hghie investigation has developed no additional derogatory intgymation and- - em interview em him would in no my interfere with £11: in -e veitigation, .,3-ovided it is limited to me knowledge or Bernard rem-e.5 a&|e1-a Petere ibnder secret indictment for trend against the Goveiynmen ithat be 1 ;do ed past Oammnist Party activities in order to get Pggee emereuQ1-mg;-ation has been developed that Peters was e 0dIm§1.BtI;Pa§;enber in.the 991; 1$0's in Germany. Iriedlauier my have mgqnpriaiemeberecmg'thiao"Bu1'_ie1o 1: ori¢l.n._ 16-u967!__ 2 *0.. , ~ '.< Q _
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been employed as Assistant Professor at Chemistry at the University of
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eke the Sovietlnion, sponsored byqtneh D_envez7_ Council
. of _5q'qi,et Amezfiean _ 011 P1-_ _meeting of Boulder Coxmmniete on the evening 01 _lP!'i1 7-;f19{17_~','-IR H85; " ' " -" S i "the eubje1947 at e meeting of the Colorado-Iynming Academy of _o ence, tr an _I1|'.»|lf.ID.U92hQ1;8 1m;.a.-..a"i. resolution thatthe United. Stated -gee royfiesionable materials inoluoing etunic bombs a.ndinsta11ations.j. In
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Memorandum
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RUDOLPH ERNST PEIERLS _.;>,"
IS-ENGLAND / '
Transmitted herewith is a copy of a memorandum dated
March 9, 1966 from United States Atomic Energy Headquarters,
Washington, D.C. to E. L. VAN HORN, Manager, Brookhaven Office,
AEC, Upton, New York regarding captioned individual. It is
noted that this memorandum is classified as "Secret".~ ~furnished to SA"
Security Chief, AEC,This copy of the memorandum was
DANIEL F. O'CONNOR by Mr. JOHN E. CURRAN,
Brookhaven Office on 3/22/66. Mr. CURRAN
available the data contained in AEC files
subject.pertaining to the
' Under date of 1/H/66, Brookhaven National Laboratory
BNL! transmitted a letter to AEC, Brookhaven Office, requesting
AEC alien visitor approval for Dr. RUDOLPH E. ?EIERLS, a British
National. The letter indicated that BNL intended to offer an
appointment to Dr. PEIERLS as a temporary employee in the capacity
of Visiting Senior Physicist in the Physics Department effective
on or about March 20, 1966, for a period of five weeks. The
letter relates that during his stay at BNL he will engage in
ssified research with the Theoretical Physics Group.
Mr. CURBAN advised that the subject arrived at BNL, -
with his wife, on 3/19/66, and is currently residing in apartment
3-D on the site of BNL. He further advised that BNL has assured
AEC that AEC gill be informed if PEIERLS_intends to visit other
AEC installations during his visit to the United States. BNL2 $V, 1. uncla » .
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with nuclear theory and will work with staff theorists.. 12 é9 :!-;?q/§/Y£;l;has further indicated that PEIERLS will be concerned_principa11y!
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110 : E. L. en rn Manager _, . _ ,.-Broonlv %:!£f5§B_L DATE AR 9 ""6 ' . . ;;v I y AI-non : l Robert E.%¬rp, Assistant Director for ~ ' ' »
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A 92! : rr /_ - ~* Isun}:-:c.'r: RUBOLP1! must rsxsats, ox scnmnsr :1 2," 1/ ~/"Z 7;< , », Personnel Security, Division of Security, HQ
1 92
i This is an interim response to your recent request for indices checks0/ | concerning Dr. Peierls in connection with his proposed tunporary employ-5 _ ment at Brookhsvcn National Laboratory. Indices checks, have not been
' completed because of referrals to other agencies. This information has
been requested and will be furnished upon receipt. Information received
to date has been included with information contained in/Division of
_ I Security files and is sunlnarized below. /
| Pr-.B»d<>1_1=h.?_m,=1= 1?e1¢r1.=. Infqmtien lfrisr to 1951,
_ Dr. Peierls was born June 5, 1907, in Berlin, Germany. He received his ~
education in Germany and Switzerland and emigrated to England in 1933
- because of racial prosecution in Germany. For two years he was a "Research
Fellow at lklnchester University and for the next two years at the Royal
Society Bond Laboratory in Cambridge, England. He was appointed to the
Physics Department in Birmingham University in 1937. There is no positive '
information on how he met and when he married his wife. It has been alleged
that» be spent some time teaching in Russia sometime durin 1930-39 and
that he in Russia
any e, ase on t e age of their oldest
they were married sometime in 1933-34. Dr. .-
- Peierls became a naturalized citizen of Great Britain in Hatch 1940
In 1951, Peierls was Vice President of the Council of the Atomic Scientists
Association, reportedly s Coumunist front organisation. lie was reported
to have been a member of a delegation that visited the British Home Office
' on August 1, 1947, to ask clemency for Dr. Allan Nunn Hay, self-admitted
and convicted Soviet Agent in the Canadian-Soviet spy case, who was then
V in prison in England. _
gggenia lgmanegiessgr 1feier_ls,HSpous_e _
' om. Peierls was born July 25, 1908, in Leningrad, sums. A Personnel 'Security Questionnaire filled out by Hrs. Peierls at Los Alamos, New 9 - ,
- __-'~""'_*""'= " Fi.92~ I» {¬*l'i 1' ' -1. '. L-;, :92f.,.~' -- !_,,.2; _ ' ' 923"~'*'i" l __ A |.::1-» mi 1! 7- - --v 92-.- i p ;, , .' I 6 0 ...-. .:--~11: 1 -. !92'- 92--:=92.;,. .= ~-n .11, -mini:-92n
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Mexico in 1941+ reflects the birth of both her parents in Russia. Hrs.
Peierls listed attendance at Leningrad University from 1925 to 1929 and
indicated employment at the Leningrad Geophysical Laboratory during
l930_ and 1931. From 1939 to 1941 she gave her employment as s nurse in
a Birmingham hospital in England. During 191:1 through 191:3 she showed
employment with General Electric in Birmingham as a Planning Engineer.
She became s naturalized citizen of Great Britain in March 1940 at the
same time as her husband.
Allegations concerning her meubership in the German Conmunist Party and
K: the Comnunist Party in England are discussed below. - W4,Dr, l'_c_ierl f Association with Klgaus I-_uch_s v yy/
Klaus I uchs was hggngin Germany in 1911. He fled to lnglaid in 1933
bec se of Columnist Party ecti92rities"end attended Bristol and Edinburgh
Universities receiving his lh.D. in mathematics and physics at the latter. '
when the Nazi -attempt to cross the English chennal seemed iuninent, Fuchs _'
together with other selected aliens, was sent to an internment camp in
Canada. Following the German invasion of Russia in 1941 he was returned
to England where he was employed on unclassified research activities at
Glasgow University. , <
Peierls heard about I-uchs and invited him to help in the war research -
Peierls was conducting at Birmingham University. At that time Peierls
hsd he"en' selected as the heed of the British lube Alloy Project, which
paralleled the work being done in the U.S. by the former Manhattan
Engineering District MED!. ?uchs'cnme to live with Peierls in 1941,
both Peierls and Fuchs were selected ss part of the British nission which
cane to the 0.5. in Decesber 1943 to work with MED scientists. Peierls
was in charge and continued to he in charge when they were both transferred
to Los Alanna in Hatch 1941». While at Loa Memos, Peierls was noted for _'
his theoretical work on implosion and contributed heavily to theoretical
work on the "super" host. They returned to Great Britain in 1946, Dr.
Peierls leaving in January while I-nohs followed him six months later.
Both were the subject of security assurances received by the MED from the
British government. ~ *
Klaus Fuchs yes arrested by the British in February 1950 while employed
on the British atomic energy program. he confessed to espionage activities
in behalf of the Russians and was convicted and sentenced to imprisonment.
lie has since served his jail tern and is currently employed in scientific
work in Bast Germany. l
.lPBI Investigation in U,§L in l/950-1*9*5gl_ A
FBI investigation during the Fuchs and Rosenberg cases, included individuals
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qlt was ale? captured Ge;-nan consisting of 51-1855.1-documents of; e German Coagmist Petty listed the nsms of "Comrade"Ksnnegiessdgtff It was not Known -this individual wss identical '
with Hrs. Peierls, nee lance is_sser.,_,_jinvestigstion slso disclosed that .'ts. Peietls had been? gF,§_i.§¢¬;,,91>|v=__ssd to Britain's psrtiQj.ps_§on in 'Qiotld war 11 until ibis s entered the Qrar. .
' _l_9_Sl g92EC_ fiction in *Co_un*ection with Dec1.sssificstion_ Conferences with the_lIK_
Dr. Pr_eie_1-ls was selected by the UK to attend several 0.8.-UK 1!eclsss1£ics-
ticn Conferences for which security assurances were furnished the ABC.
' Prior to the 1951 conference, the adverse infatuation concerning Dr. Peierls
and his wife was presented to the British, and the UR response was: _ _
Peietis was s close friend and associate of Klaus Fuchs and
they zoomed togethet_st Lon Alamos. The association between.
then developed naturally as s result of scientific assignments '
and no "sinister implications" were drawn thereftou.- .1.'
- 2. Hrs. Pcietls was born in Russia. however, the allegation ; '01$. she was a member of the British Communist Party was "unfounded". '
The British had no information which would connect Hrs. -
~ Peierls with "Comrade" Xsnegiesset mentioned in the captured
German documents. "
The 'Btitish do not consider the Atomic Scientists Associa-
tion as s Comsmist front. ~ ' ". 92',_ 30
'4. Dt. Peierls did not teach in Russia. ~
The ABC approved Dr." Peiet1s' attendance at the Conference. One of the
- ptine considerations was that he would have no additional sccess to classi-
fied information other than he slresdy had. , *-
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Yum. KIAUS FUCHS ea]!-admitted Soviet espionageg§9292 - agent, presechtly carving Jail oentence in England, Q6 . -" I ¢=;a92J reported]; indicated willingness to meet BIBIQ-IOFF . Q 92
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B5100-19005 f _- W 8 Qf |
_. HIGHS was associated with British Atemic ' ~ 1
Em-gy program at Harwell. Subject at
Earvard University during period of time
-""' 5 ISRAEL HAIPHZIR associated with Mathematics
'4 Dept. and aubaequenthr addressed ecmunica.-
zm to 131-ma Minister of Gamma, um; for fair treatment of HALPERIN upon his H,_ HALPERINM! arrest tor violation of Canadian
'7 " : Official Secrets Act. BIRKHOFF dates such5...; 't_." petition net predicated upon any reeling of
1-IALPERIWS guilt or innocence but desire
that HALPHIIN be aceorded fair triali
GARRETT BIRKHOFF preaentilg resides at '.. 1,5Fayexweathem- St., Cambridge, mss
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n1 nmmman or genome mus wens - 8n.nus¥61s is _a sell-yadlnitted Soviet ;,,1.,.-5;, igaeem ET
is pr sent]: serving s Jai1' sentence i.n &_:g1ead for his -
espionage activities which involved contacts in the . 'United States aswcllas Eaglend. M '
Boston Condential Informant T-2, of reliability,provided intomation to the ettect thatGAHRE'1"I BIRKHOFF,
during a period of residence in England, he date ot which
was not given, reportedly stated that FUCHS who was then
working at Harwell in England in connection with Atomic
lherg matters," had made it known that he FUCHS Vhave been "partimarly glad to see me" B1RKHOFF .
Subsequent information from Boston Confidential Informant
-2 indicated that this incident occurred on or about ~
y 1, 19b8, and that the indication of the desire on the
of KLAUS FUCHS to see GARRETT BIRKHOFF was not mde
directly to BIHKHOFF but rather through a third party.
This source had no additional information regarding this
situation other than an assertion on the part oi GARREIT
BIRKHOFF that that contact did not in his Judgment relateU-U om violation or attenpted_v_io1.ation ct a security natuz-va ¢J
The third interim report of the Royal Commission to the
Governor i.; Council oh 29, 19b6, at Ottawa,
0-anode, indicated ISRAEL ERIN was arrested by the
Royal Canadian Mounted lice on February 15, 191.6
together with twelve other individuals charged with
, violation of the Canadian Official Secrets Act. 1'l'he
report indicated HALPERIN was operating in Canada under
Red Arnw Inte1J.igense._
It is noted that charges against ISRAEL HALPERIN were
dismissed on Haroh L, 191+? upon the _1-etusal of a oo-
oonspirator to testify against
I$i_iAELd-IALPERIN was associated with the Department oi
ldsthmatics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Base" fromApril 12,!-937 to the end oi 193?. ' -' ' i **~ET
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The interview at bi. thp Atcnio mergy Comisei £_Inae tor the purpose of Ollrifjilil 7the'oseociation_s__vith
xsnm. mumzm, woman usvnzson, etc ae'set=torth
in this rqaort.
gel}: omen:
A!-s Tembrldae-_Ka@==¢h92==s§#w
Will, upon receipt of Bureau authority, interview
Professor JOSEPH LECNABD WALSH, Professor of Mathematics,
Harvard university, Cambridge, Hess.
it Bostgnj H87878l&Oh92JlL86tt~_8_
Will examine records of the Office 01' Naval Research,
and "obtain complete date relating to an current associa-
tion GARRETT BIRKHOFF may have with that Department.
Hill report the results oi any inquizy authorised by the
Bureau through the liaison channels to eotabliah additional
- details relating to the
…[truncated]