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Row Parks was one of the original leaders oi the Montgomery Bussultod in mifo ond violence in the Aloborno capitol and coniinuesMaurice McCrockon is ofiilioiod with Neighborhood House, 901 F=
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' 1! - 5* . I I THIS PICTURE at a station wagon lettered FINDLAY STREET NEIGHBORHOOD HOUSE ClNClN
NATI, OHIO, is included for the purpose of illustrating how many units of the Communist apparatus
are assisted by organizations purportedly charitable or religious in nature.
Reverend Maurice McCracken of Neighborhood House, Cincinnati, who is pictured elsewhere attended
this Communist Training School. Apparently he used this station wagon as transportation.Neighborhood House is located at 901 Findlay Street, Cincinnati, Ohio, and is supported by theCommunity Chest. this some address is also the address of Friends of Koinonia Farms.
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i:itt:ND MAitiiN lUTHER KING addresses the assemblage.
erencl King,president of the Southern Christian leadership Can-
nce is best linown for his activities in the Montgomery Boycott,
itgomery improvement Association and the Pnarch on Washing-
svhich he conducted with Bayard Rustin. The Daily Warlrer lists
ard Rustin as one who attended the I957 convention of the
imunist Party USA. Bayard Rustin is identified in the Daily
-irer as secretary to Reverend Martin Luther King.
The activities of Reverend Martin Luther King represent the
mate in "civil disobedience. It is doubtful that Reverend King
d have carried on such a program without outside leadership
financing; Bayard Rustin is perhaprthe leading expert on
l disobedience" in this country.
The Southern Christian leeciersiiip Conierence is a new organ-
on founded by Reverend King for region-wide agitation of
:1 violence and strife.ROSA PARKS, who precipitated the Montgomery Alabama Bus
York's Henry Street Settlement listen to group training under the
Cenirai Committee oi the Communist Forty.
Berry reported the meeting of this Communist Training School in his
September IO, I957.
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CHARLES GOMILLION, Dean of Students at Tuskegee |I'IstilI-Il9-
Aiabomo. ioyco; itis agitation is in iarge port responsibie ii
Gomillion has been most vehement in his defense of Cammunit
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PICTURED HERE are leaders of five recent scenes ol racial disturbance and violence.
Septimo Clark, presently director of Highlander integration workshop vvas associated with the South
Carolina-NAACP School Teachers Incident.
Conrad Browne is a leader of inter-racial Koinonia Farms, Americus, Georgia, the scene at boycotts,
disturbances and violence.
David H. Brooks vvas a leader of the Tallahassee Bus Boycott. This incident was commenced only after
a psychological survey of the area had been made to determine the outcome.
Rosa Parlrs was the central figure in the agitation vvhich resulted in the Montgomery Bus Boycott.
Charles Gemillion, Dean of Students at Tuskegee Institute, was the leader of the Tuskegee Boycott.
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*i'-J lesar at the Tuskegee,
iistu"l'.-once.
the Communist Party. His_' "- ' .-A =1; . ."r- -= ' -' 1: . c --M =.>.-!-- -51- .- - . ~ 11.,--:1 5' -¢ "-553:"! - ?_~.T".'=:_,."s-:=,;zu-':.}-r§>_--" ;- _ ..,,-'- fe-.'>_¢ --1 as -._ ml: ' » .. -_£' -._-; 1 1-:_ 9-3; » - s- -4---. -. .-=_ 1,-, --.' - __-- ~ ~'-1- -' .- WW L Iv /- I . . .. 4.?"-- =..,-, .:- ~ * ~ :. " =
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..-c-r1|92IF'92 J; 92c92JK92IA
Every American Has llie
Bigbl to Know the Troll: '
EDWORIAI. CQMMENT
On the preceding pages you have seen pictures of th
leaders of every major race incident in the South from Ms
1954 until the time of this meeting, Labor Day, 1957 Week-. gr, April so, 1950, page 15.
end August 30, 31 and September 1, 2!. You have see
executives. and leaders of many organizations active in th
southeastern region of the United States. All of the picture
contained in this folder were taken during this one weeken
at this Communist training school, Highlander Folk School
Monteagle, Tennessee.
. ......es I-H. the national figures are easily identified wit
their pictures. Other names of lesser figures are those give
to the photographer in introductions and self identifications.
It has been our purpose, as rapidly as possible.
identify the leaders and participants of this Communist
i'15ll.llIlg school and disseminate this information to the gen
erai public. This Commission would appreciate your furnish-
ing to Lia any turther identifications you can make.
It behooves each of us to learn more of Communist in-, 7! Nliionai gimm-31 of eh;
e=:.u the direction of Communist movements. Only
through lIlffJI"."!l3.tlOTl and knowledge can we combat thisl *lF"'"' °! l'l""5'4- I-'°"i* P°"95"
;.:_...;. int-.ia..~e to Constitutional government.
All -1' am; part of this folder may be reproduced by any
pl-;£'.£_-ii . =",'enir.ati0n with or without credit being given
3' l l-1| F./~ rw '1'":IA t..r "_- .l..-2.-i>.Ol1.
Georgia Commission on Education
Governor Marvin Griffin, Chairman
T. V. Wil-ism.=., .ir., Executive Secretary
ZZU Agriculture Bldg.
19 Hunter Si.., S.W.
Atlanta, Ga. _nl 2! National
elAboIish the Poll Tnx-spo;1sor--
rS ..-.... Ams! hintionai uommzttec 101d Peaceful Alternatives - co-chair-
1* man-£older, December 1953.
_ Q
h penl the M:c»i-an Act-inil-inl-O1
n
$0, open letter to Senator Henn?ngs
_ 6! National Council of Amer-
Records of Don West, John B. Thompson,
.i@~'n-1.. Dcmlarowski, Aubrey Williams --
-...-..e,.- .-,w are the records of Communist Affiliation:
. ._. o tin: ic$&tU¬I'8 of Highlander Folk School.
JAMES DOMBROWSKIsons B. rnonrson 1
Iu'..92l.92' WEST
A VBHEY WILLIAMS
Each of these four men was prominent in the establishment
of Highlander Folk School or
Ti-.-.~ c~.'|Y92w¢--'-
WQYQ-m1n""'v.> gy-
4-J ,~-
__ _~,q .,,_ .3, §.. q. ¢=t operation. letterhead March 8, 1946.
4! National. Committee to R
-iezterhezid, January 19, 1951.
- 5! National Committee to Re-
l peal the McCarran Actssigner oi
1 letter, November 14, 1955.
l lean-Soviet Friendship-member tc
iwelcorne the Dean of Canterbury
-,-booklet, November 1948.
Arts, Sciences and Pr0fesai0no-
er. May 1?, 1951, plge 9
POI?-8t.10!'92 of Harry Bridges-|:gm
¢r-letter, April 22. 1943.
0! Protest against Verdict of
Guilty in Case of 11 Communist
l Leaders--spoke out against verdictl
-Worker, October 30, 1949, p. 8.
l 1! People: Institute of Ap-
lied Religion sponsor - letter-
} ma, April 16, 1953.
, 2! Protestant Digest Associ-
ates--signer of call to d*n.'|er-£or-
1m--coll, February 25, I941. i
l 3! Southern Confers-it: Edu-Y
.r.ntional Fund-member of board
of dire:tors-letterhead, J.-.:1.iary
1951.
4! Southern Conference for
Human Welfare--vice pres .len;- ,
lletterhead, July 25, 1947. _,
i 5! U, S. Sponsoring C.::;n1it-
tee for Representation at the Con-li Questions Bulletin. June 1950.
e l page 1.
- 1! Mid-Century Conference for
Y Peace-ini1.iating sponsor-Work
Comnfttee tcl 8! National Citizens Er:
icy Relief Committee to Aid
era FnrnEl5esmember of n.
board-Worl:er. Dlorch 17.
page 5.
9! Notional Citizens P-
92Attion Committee-mernb.
iiicizl lint, August 1944.
6! National Citizens P.-
l Action Committee-vice ext
hoard--pamphlet, December 3
2! National Committee 1
peat me M;-Carrnn Actssi;_--
open letter to Senator Hen-.r
press release, November 14, 1
3! Pence Information C
-endorser of World Peace A
--leaet, August 81, 1950.
4! New York City Cour-.
the American Youth Congre-
1 speaker at New York State n
legislature of youth-call and
pm, January as-so, mas.
l 5! Petition to ReCor.
Prosecutions Under the SmithP''h* rum 20' 1951' -signer--New York Times,
l res! Open Letter on Military;-ust 8,1955,plge 9; Daily -' Aid to Spnin~lig"I1er-Dli]y Work- in-_ Aqgugt, B, 1955, plge B,
l mm n___ '_L___ h____ 1! _ i 6! Progressive Citizens+ 92£a]| upcll uctwr rl'tJ[E5lZlIl_','.UG- Americ__pelke!. t rhn 19;
,WiIliams' testimony before Se
Internal Security Subcommn
March 19, 1954, page 112.
7! Progressive Citizens
America--elected to board ofl
rectors~Dail!' Worker, May 1;
8! Protest Meeting for H-
ard Fast-sponsor-Ncw Ma»
October 14, 1947, page 24.
9! Southern Conference E»
cltionol Fund-president; end-
er of declaration--folder, Nave
ber 20, 1948.
0! Southern Conference Er:
cations! Fund-president; spun.»
and I-pellrer at tint oouthwide ct
terence on discrimination in higl
education-program, April 8. It-7
!! Southern Conference Ed
cations! Fund-president--lett.
head, January 1951.grass of the Peoples for Pea'e--
Scnool.
DONALD L. WEST
! American Peace Mobiliza-
tio-nendorsercall to American
People's Meeting, April 5-6, 1941-
! Book Union -- contributor
New Masses. October 1. 1935. batik
cover.
! Committee for Equal Justice
for Mrs. Rccy Taitlfi I" I-111138?!
of international Labor Deferr-5%
member of committee of sponsors
-booltlet, August I945.
! Communist Party member
._I-louse Committee Report on
Southern Conference for Human
Welfare, 1947, page 5.
! Educators for Wallace-
member-parnplilet, October 1948.
! Mother Bloor Celebration
Committee-sent greetings--boolv
let, undated.
! National Council of the Arts,
' - ......:-.¬:.:-..r.- sponsor
of conference-report of confer-
ence, October 9-10, 1948.
8! National Federation for Con-
stitutional Liberties - signer of
open letter asking the President
to rescind Biddle decision on Har-
ry Bridges-booklet, July 11, 1942.
{S} ?l...I4.:_.;T Xallacc for Presi-
dent Committee member-press
release. March 23, 1948.
0! New Massescontribu1.or
.l's'ew Masses, April 10, June 5,
,3 J...-.., 26, 1934; August _27,
1935-; May 25, 1946.
I11; Open Letter on Harry
Bridges --- signer - Dally "0l'li¢l'-
July 19 1912, page 4.
2; People's Institute of Ap-
plied Religionstate director for
Georgia---letterhead, December 11,
1940.
3! People's Institute of Ap
plied Religi-onsponsor and state
director for Georgialetterhead,
February 12, 1941.
114} Y"~'r,'-ie*'8 Institute of Ap-
plied Religion-field leader-leb
terheai, April 9, 1942.
115, }co,:ic's Institute of Ap-
"- "'"'-:":- member of South-
""" P"""'¢>'> -l*'nrl'92anfl .l|sr'u1_
ary 1, 194.8.
5! People: Institute of Ap-
plied li'.e|igion--member of South-
ern Committee--letterhead, April
16, 1953.
? j Pilot Communist-controll-
ed weekly, of National Maritime
Union!--writer for Pilot, May
11, 1945. page 17.
£15 :'c'.=t.icrn Coricrence for
ll-.1. F-elfare--signs: of mani-
festo-Southern Patriot, June 1947.
,1-r_Ees 4-E. '
JOHN B. THOMPSON
! American Committee for
Prote-*i~.~n of Foreign Born--signIi
ler of open letter forD.sily Work-
er, March 31, 1955, page 8.
! American Continental Con-
gress for World Peace-aponsor
Daily Worker, July 29, 1949, page
5.
! American Crusade to Eur
Lynchingsigner of call to pilgri-
mage to Washington, D. C.--call
Qanogs-il-92-» 9'1 IDJR1!:}: ac usucs av, an-Ian
! American Peace Mobiliza-
tion -- chairman - Daily Worker,
September 8, 1940, page 4.
! Appeal to Guard Civil
Rights signer - Daily Worker.
August 28, 1950, page 3.
! Bill of Rights Conference-
sponsor--program and call, July
16, 1949.
! Chicago Ad Hoc Committee
of Welcome for the Dean of Can-
terbury - member folder, No-
vember 1948.
8! Chicago Committee to De-
feat the Mundt Bi|l-signer of
statementDaily Worker, Septem-
ber 15, 1950, page 9.
9! Chicago Committee to Secure
Justice in the Rosenberg Cae-
signer of open letterDaily Work-
er, December 25, 1952, page 3.
0! Citizens Emergency Con-
ference for Interracial Unity-dei-
egatebooklet, September 25,
1943.
1! Committee to Defend Amer-
ica by Keeping Out of War-chair-
man-letterhead, August 10, 1940.
2! Committee for Equal Jus-
tice for Mrs. Recy Taylor, an aux-
iliary of International Labor De-
fense -- sponsor-booltlet, August
1945.
3! Committee for Peaceful
Alternatives vice-chairman
letterhead, March 30, 1950.
4! Continuations Committee of
the Conference on Peaceful Alter-
natives to the Atlantic Pact-initi-
'i»l-o1'-Daily Worker, August 22,
1949, page 3.
5! Committee to Secure Jus-
tice in the Rosenberg Casesigner
of open letterHyde Park Haul,-]_
1952.
5! Dinner for Pearl Hart,-
sponsorDsily Worker, April 6,
1950, page 4.
7! Emergency Peace Mobiliza-
tion--sponsorcall and program,
August 81-September 2, 1940.
8! Interfaith Committee for
Peace Action --~ sponsor leaet.
October 1', 1951.
9! League of Young Southern-
ers-aponsor letterhead, August
18- 1940.
0! Methodist Federation for
Social Actionspeakar - Social_.r C . . __._
9, 1952.
6! Wire to President Truman
to Veto the McCarran Billinitia-
tor-Worker, September 17, 1950,
page 8.
AUBREY WILLIAMS
! American Committee for
Protection of Foreign Born--spon-
sor of conference-progu-s.m and
0-all nfnhnr 95-21. IQ-J9. ---. v---'-- -- -,, -_-_.
! American Crusade to End
Lynching-signer of call to pil-
grimage to Washington-call, Sep-
tember 2.], 1946.
! American Youth Congress-
speaker at 2 or 3 of tl1e'r annual
meetin|rsWilliarns' testimony be-
fore Senate Internal Security Sub-
committee, March 19, 1931, p. 109
! Appeal to Guard Civil Rights
signer-Daily Worker, August
28, 1950, page 3.
! Association of Interne: and
Medical Studentsspeaker at an-
nual convention-official pro;ram,
December 27-30, 1950.
! Brief Amici C'r':.c for the
Communist PartysignerU. S.
Supreme Court, October 1955.
; ! Civil Rights C:n*rc:3
speaker at rally, September 11,
19-i7Williams testimony before
,Senate Internal Security Subcom-
mittee, March 19, 1954, page 107.
8! Committee to End Sedition
,Lsws-signer of statement-press
release, November 19, 1955.
9! Committee for Peaceful Al-
ternatives to the Atlantic Pact-
member of executive boarclletter-
head, September 16, 1950.
0! Commonwealth Coilege
served on committee and contribu-
ted toMassacl-iusetts investiga-
tion of Communists, 1938.
1! Continuation: Committee of
the Conference on Peaceful Alter-
natives to the Atlantic Pact-
signer of open letter to Congress
letter, August 21, 1949; Daily
Worker, August 22, 1949, page 8.
2! Daily Worker-petitions U.
S. Senate--Daily Worker, Janu-
ary 26, 1946, page 9.
3! W. E. B. DuBois Testimon-
ial Sponsoring Committewspom
iaor--program, February 23, 1951.
4! Highlander Folk School-
member of board or in some way
affiliated with from about 1944 to
I95-iWilliams testimony before
Senate Internal Security Subcom-
mittee, March 19, 1954, p. 103.
i 5! llainstream--sponsor New
Masses. October 28, 1947, page 2.
6! Mid-Century Conference for
92Paace-sponsor-eall, Bay 29-80,
I950.
7! llotber Bloor Celebrationr.
. Coramitte1.-sponsorbooklot1
l
i
92,-. .-- , 92.1h-- ~-
---"-'_='_!_>~.-'.*-'*¥~- --s_-.-s~
cational Fund<preaident and men
ber board of directors-letterhear
July 1954.
1 8! Southern Conference Ed-.
cational Fund president an
member of board of diractorsle-
bead, April 1955.
84! Southern Conference Ed.
catioaal Fundslgner of petitio
to Senator Henninll--petition, N1
vember 7, 1955.
85! Southern Conference Ed.
cational Fund--president-Sou!l
Patriot, December 1956, page 4.
6! Southern Conference ft
Human Welfsre-spealter at cor
,ference-program, November 2-
23, 1938.
87! Southern Conference ft
Human We1fareapealter at cor
iference--program and call, Apr
92 14-16, 1940.1 B8! Southsm Conference fl
Human We1faresigner of pet
tion to U. S. SenateDaily Worl
er, January 28, 1946, page 11.
89! Southern Conference I
Human Welfare chairman ~
nominating committee, 1946-Vl'.
llama testimony before Senate 1
terns! S e c u r,i t y Subcommitt-
,March 19, 1954, page 103.
0! Southern Conference i-
Human Welfaresigner of mar
festo -- Southern Patriot, Jo
1947, pages 4-5.
1! Southern Conference f
Human Welfaremember of boa
of representatives latterlse:
July 25, 1941. '
2! Washington Committee 1'
Democratic Action - member
membership list, 1939.
i 3! Workers Alliance - p;
itribute to-Appendix IX, pi.
1749.
JAMES A. DOM BROWSE]
! American Committee
i Indonesian Independence aigr
of letterlndoaesian Review, 1&-
! American Committee
Protection of Foreign Bornsi.:
er of birthday greeting to Sub.
Lamp, May 1946, page 3.
! American Committee
Protection of Foreign Rom-sr
sor of 15th anniversary natio
conference- program, Decem
11-12, 1948.
! American Continental C
1 gross for Peace, Mexico Cit:
United States sponsorle.-1:
September 5-10, 1949.
! American Peace Crusad
signer of call to peace pilgrim.4
. _'_",.-_'.::,__ . 1-. _ '_ '___ i i ..
"?=?iii1'-§',f%'-..- -~ i l -. " " ' " '
no
tr
s-r- -- . _ ,I pl;w .. ,-
-e"-.7- O 2 "1:
a- ea, -~_=_ -' ;,....-- --<5
|_ -a V '3: ,
I-H
H i>:t'.L§;TE§i-I ind L! President of United Pockin House Work~|;r- B
~_ '
-Jhii. I __; e
A s.. - »" .. Q
u
.1I-» -5'1 ,. 7. . - .Q. -L ---_;g_v' -- > -~'-. _
H -v. ii. . .' "; ..- .- - - ' ,92,'l;."'*' v -' -. 41'.- _ F92 - s
OQ
> _ '92- ,1'
.1? '=
ii?
§=3:.-ii-
:._,' y,..»,,_- -.
'-Fe-" ,
. . . -. ._ s .--- _.._ ..__... _ .4..- __ . _-____ -_-4 -_=_-,:__-¢_l;_i__-so-- 41 _..-7- - - .-' ¢w... :;1"~i- _.. ,- *58 ,1! §.3_':§
sig, g
,92y__ __n_»_'.;. .-
-a- »92. '2 _
v .4?
A:;*,92_§Q
I"! _,_
92-
-o.
,:!n+1
.»-. i I .3» ~
.-JP" --,"_
. #:-
. -- " -
. Q 'i America-ClO, is pictured here with Abner W. Berry of themoi Centrol Committee of the Communist Party.
Helstein is representative oi ct smoll group of Labor extremists
serve the Communist Party by affiliation with the Communistroius end by the utilization of their own organization to
of a;.=;--=.aIDaiiy Worker,,., -J P---1 pane 4.
Unenl for Amnesty for the
-vklstlclb oi the Communist
-... 924~tu Cheer Lne Smith
.'nerDaily Worker, De-
IO, 1952. page 4.
nc?.-.--sh !p-en Letter -
let.e'.". September l9, 1955.
irir-f -trowel urine for the
1'.-it PtirtyeignerU. Si.
Court, October 1955.
Inmmittee for Equal Jus-
""-' ~-"v Tr-.1 ior, on aux-
" '--:.-.nl Labor De-i
J-]l'l.i'1'T" h woltlet, August
Jcrnmittee for Medical-tary--official report, 1942.head. July 1954.
l C35! Southern Conference Edu-
cational Fund director - letter-
head, April 1955.
1955.
7! Southern Conference Edu-
cational Fund - director -- South-
ern Patriot, December 19-56, p. 4.
8! Southern Conference for
Human Welfare-esecutive secre-
9! Southern Conference Io:l 4! Southern Conference Edu-
i cational I-und - director letter-.
6! Southern Conference Edu-
cational Fund coordinator of,
Southwestern Regional Conference:
on Integ'rationfolder, lay 17,
first issue of the Daily Worker ap-
peared on January 18, 1924. . . .
No other paper or publication of.e_ 1.. O
further oims oi the Communist Party.
Abner Berry is a member of the Central Committee of theCommunist Party and is o columnist for the Daily Worker. Ierryis one of the top ranking Negro Communists in America. His'pres-ence at o meeting such as this serninor insures the Communist Party
oqoinst deviations irom the Party principles. _
censor, Camp U
WORLD YOUTH CONGRESStv."
.
at Vassar College. _
DAILY WORKER
The chief journalistic mouth-
piece of the Communist Party .
founded in response to direct in-
structions from the Communist In-
ternational in Moscow. . . . Therated on March 1955! is no less a I
Communist project than its prede-
ni
Cited as a Communist confer-i
ence held in the summer of 1938;N.'92TlONAL COUNCIL 01- THE
ARTS, SCIENCES» AND
i PROFESSIONS
Cited as a Communist front
which is used to appeal to special
occupational groups . . . _"
VETERANS AGAINST DISCRI-
MINATIONS OF CIVIL RIGHTS
CONGRESS OF NEW "YORK
Cited as a subversive swimsoi the subversive Civil Rig-his
Congress.
IIABSES AND MAINSTREAM -
Cit-ad as the successor to New
Masses, "a Communist rnaiazine.
L ,-e§7 ' -':*_ "_:"_",. I l "'4_-;in-p-o,-n'-#..n-Q.,11-.-_p92.s_->a¢--s-- l--;-'__';E~" ":-
.. .,_.,4...__r.-_-'~."'T_ f_~.~, ;_",."_ - " 1- -01-» - .- ' .
. . .. . ,
I Conference on Constitu-
Liberties in America-
:r~--program, June '7-9, 1940.
l Continuations Committee of
inference on Peaceful Alter-
:-: to the Atlantic Pact»sign-
open letter to Congresslet-
ugust 21, 1949.
i International Workers Or-
lefender of-Frsternsl Out-
iovembcr 1948, page 6.
international Workers Or-
lefentier of -DsiIy Worker,
lB, 1951, page 8.
Methodist Federation for
Action-nominated member-
{E by national membership
lg, December 27-29, 1947-
isllot, page 2.
Methodist Federation for
Action nominee--official
&ptember 2, l953.
Methodist Federation for
Service--nominated for na-
committee1945 ballot, p. 4.
National Citizens Political
Committee -- memberof-
it, August 28, 1944.
National Committee to Re-
ie ldcCari-an Actsfgner of
otter to members of Con-
»lc-tter. January 19. 1951.
National Committee to Re-
ne McCarran Act--signer of
otter to Senator Iienningsl
il November 14, 1955.
Notional Committee to Win
ty for the Smith Act Vic-l
-sponsor letterhead, Mayl
ss. ,
National Conference to De-
hc Bill of Rightssponsor
et, December 2-3, 1950.
National Federation for
utional Liberties-signer of
ent opposing renewal of the
iomn-iitteepsmphlet. 38"-
l3.
National Negro Congress-
r--50th convention programf
l, 19-15.
People's Institute of Ap-
Rcligion -- sponsor letter-
April 9, 1942.
lh.....l_:-,; :,,Q.icaal.1.: inf arc}.-'
ieligionmernber of South-
ommittee-letterhead, Janu-
1.9-I8.
People's Institute of Ap-
Religinn-member of South-
ommittet.letterhead, April
53.
Southern Conference Edu-
al Fund--endorser of declar-
-fcldsr, November 20, 1949..
l Southern Conference Edu-
sl Fund-director--program
ifercnce, April 8, 1950.2! Southern Resident Labor
Collegesmember of finance cam-
paign committee--letterhead, Feb-
ruary 10, 1937.
i 3! Statement Defending the
Communist Psrty-signer Daily
Worker, March B, 1941, page 2.
4! Win-the-Peace Conference
-sponsor--call, April 5-7, 1946.
5! World Peace Appcal-aign-
erleaflet, August 31, 1950.
-HIGHLANDER EXECUUTIVES
Continued from page 1!
DR. LEWIS JONES, Rural Life
Council, Tuskeegec institute,
Alabama.
MAY JUSTUS, h-acy City, Tenn.
DR. GEORGE MITCHELL. Execu-
tive Director, Southern Re-
gional Council, Atlanta, Ga.
REV. EUGENE SMATHERS. Cal-
vary Presbyterian Church, Big
Lick, Tenn.
DR. I. A. STEPHENS, Chatta-
nooga, Tenn,
.IR]JO.92' STOKES. III. Attorney
at Law, Nashville, Tenn.
LUCILLE Tl-IORNBROUGH, As-
sociate Editor, East Tennes-
see Labor News, Knoxville,
Tenn.
TOM WHITE, Sec., Tennessee
Stntc Legislative Board, Broth-.
erhood of Railroad Trainmen,l
Lexington, Tenn.
AUBREY 9292'ILLlAMS, Publisher,
Southern Farm and Home,
Montgomery, Ala.
CHARLES WILSON, Tennessee
Representative, International
Union of Mine, Mill and Smelt-
er Workers, Columbia, Tenn.
MRS. GEORGE WOLFE. Takoma
Park, Maryland.
CITATIONS
Continued from page 1!
gro worker, it has been a deterrent
to him.
SOUTHERN CONFERENCE I-OR
HUMAN WELFARE
Cited as s Communist-front or-
ganisation which seeks to attract
southern liberals on the basis of
its seeming interest in the prob-
lems of the South" although its
professed interest in southern
welfare is simply an expedient for
larger aims serving the Soviet Un-
lion and its subservient Communist
, rm; in the United sum." __ ;
1 wnvonsts tones .m,, have been . . . Jeffersonbeen devised making special ap-
peals in behalf of civil liberties
and reaching out far beyond the
connes of the Communist Party
itself. Among these organizations
are the . . . Emergency Civil Lib-5
crtics Committee. When the Corn-
munist Party itself is under re
thcse fronts offer a bulwark of
protection.
ll ABRAHAM LINCOLN SCHOOL
Schools under patriotic and be-
munists and outsiders in the the-
ory and practice of communism,
train organisers and operatives.
recruit new party members andl
sympathisers ' ' A school of
this type has been the Abraham
Lincoln School, Chicago ' ' "
AHEFKICAN FEACE
MOBILIZATION
Cited as one of the most
ous organizations which ever op-,
erated in the United States" and.
"instrument of the Communist ll
Party line prior to Hitler's attack!
on Russia." lsediti- L
AMERICAN YOUTH FOR
nanocaacv ,
Cited as the new name underl
which the Young Communist
League operates and which alsc
largely absorbed the American
Youth Congress.
COMMITTEE FOR PEACEFUL,
AL'l'l:;R.92'A1I92'I:.S T0 "rm: l
ATLANTIC PACT
As part of Soviet psychological
warfare against the United States
Communist tronts seek to parable,
America's will to resist Communist
aggression by idealizing Russia:
aims and methods, discrediting the
United States, spreading defeat-
ism and dernoralization . . . Spe-
cialising in this field . . . have
been such organizations as . . . the
Committee for Peaceful Alterna-l
tives to the Atlantic Pact . . . "
COUNCIL ON AFRICAN I
' -- AFFAIRS
Cited as a Communist front
"10;-mud to provoke racial fric-
Lion."
JEFFERSON SCHOOL OF
SOCIAL SCIENCE
Schools under patriotic and be-
nevolent titles indoctrinatc Com-
munists and outsiders in the the-
ory and practice of communism,
train organizers and operatives, I!-
cruit new party members and sym-
psthisers. . . . Schools of thesenevolent titles indoctrinste Com-1known as The Communist, s. mags-
sine of the theory and practice of
Marxism-Leninismpublishodmonth-
ly by the Communist Party of the
United States of America, low
calls itself a magazine devoted to
the theory and practice of Ian-
isrn-Leninism.' Its chief sdltor is
Eugene Dennis, executive secretary
of the party.
NAACP Approval,
Support, Participation
Reverend Martin Luther King,
Rosa Forks, Charles C. Comillion,
Reverend David Brooks, Allen Mc-
Swain, Conrad Browne and others
who attended this session at High-
lander Folk School provided major
leadership u the iollowing inci-
dents of interracial strife: ! the
Montgomery Bus Boycott; ! the
Tuskegee Boycott; ! the Talla-
hassee Bus Boycott; ! the Cljn.
ton School Incident; ! Kononia
Farms Inter-racial Violence and
the March on Washington.
Each of the above-listed persons
and incidents has received the na-
tional acclaim and complete sup-
port of the National Association
for Advancement of Colored Peo-
s
Dple In fact, these incidents and the
operation of these Individuals have
provided a major portion of the
ctive program of the NAACP.
Those who conducted this Lab-or
ay session at Highlander inter-
spersed their lcstures and discus-
sions with appeals to those present
to secure new memberships for the
NAACP and especially urged that
teachers join and support the
NAACP.
The unqualified support by the
NAACP oi the above-named indi-
vidusls and incidents must be view-
ed in light of the fact that ten of
the directors including Benjamin
E. Hays, President, llorchouse
College, Atlanta, Georgia, have
amassed the surprising total of
over aw instances of Communist
Front Affiliation; more than halt
the directors have public records
of Communist Affiliation. The di-
rectors of the NAACP both pres-
ent and past have continually dem-
92onatrsted an amazing propenllly
jfor ailiating themselves with
pro-Communist causes.
The Iionorary Chairman of the
Directors of the NAACP, W. E. B.
. DuBois has amassed a longer pub-
luc record of Communist affilia-
Lions than any other person in the
United States with the staggering
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92~:<_-,7._;-"'*ref» ,-- --*_' ._,: ~ J5- By CARL ESTES
fl New and significant evidence
" hat racial strife being stirred up
_-in Arkansas and across the South
__ Es inspired and promoted by north-
;__-'.~-~.._ fl-grn Communists, Communist sym-
."1zithize1'.=. ant 92illi0U.'4 'front" or-
_ _,.l.. -....e.... me aid of their
-Q-_._'; "southern counterparts - continues
-~1' = - o come to light.
-'- Not all the under-cove: meetings
oi, .7 or Communist organizers and io-
'§=_,.. '...- rnenters of race strife are being
;::1e!d in the North, for many oi--."'§92.hese party officials and their
I jf. hair? oral. l.1§,C'lii.3 have now moved2? itrfo the 5-c-.;'Ih and are holding
n._....-._-. ..:.o tactics schools and
'7 ' "planning" meetings [or new ac-
non1-s=~-"1
r.___,__ ..92_., ."l-3-. . U
!-_|A_-5» .
. .. ..:r '¢hlmJ1ll'IL-Ell plan
AAETP to hold a three-
csw nnctinv i-- '1 ur92s_"virw on Nov.
_ .-..~ Iul"l by the Texas
_?92'92.'%f" T"a:.'u: as a "plan of
.a.1lon" iliectinr with "attempts 1
...-- .- . it-rat court cases
-"tr." ""'">-as schools
92t|-Iii-' 1'1 "F rwvl ¬'Vld¬]'1C¢ ll El]-
_._, ii;;iil.4.=nmg,. ». The N-lac? strife-stirrlnl buz-
' ..- . :-l-.7 .-~*92"1 be permitted
, to light here. rnuch less go to
- ' vr.n=i '1' .i 1'.1;-.-sgv-»aisi.!ig cam-
!; DHIXTK.-7.? In addition to ir.lormation andI.- .7 ,0! !"r .7"~.
._ ..--u92
:..' ll I
"1 we-are:I
I
I
I
I
I
I[bring to light in Philadelphia and, in several other northern and east-
ern cities, the following articleI from The Shreveport limes of Oct.
5, written by Raymond McDaniel,
Times staff member will bring
new light to the subJeri as it is
developing En all its ugliness across
the South today. _ ___L.._i
ATLANTA. Ga, Oct 40rgan-
. izers of practically even outbreak
Iof racial trouble in the South sinceI1954 today were revealed to have
attended a Communist trainingschool in Tennessee about admonth
ago. Details were disclose in a
Ipublic hearing today by a -secret
Iinvestigstor employed by the state
of Georgia to infiltrate the school.
Gov. Marvin G!'l.ffi!l, who pre-sided ovar mdays hearng said tieinvestigator has broug c back " -
refutable tarts" of Communist
Party influence in Southern racial
strife.
The investigator, engaged to the"
undercover work up until last night
today produced some 40 photo-
graphs taken secretly at the train-I
ing school and a role of movie film,~
which was not shown The pic-I
tures. introduced into the records,i
showed various figures involved lnl
recent outbreaks of racial troubleIattending classes and holding dis-. .. _ .._92 . -- ~ T - 7' -'7 - - ' 7 "';W7 r
Race Strife ZTICI Integration In South
1 The training school, termed a
lworkshop on integration" was
held at the Highlander Folk School
Inear Mont-eagle, Tenn according
Ito testimony given at the hearings
today. Among those attending, and
their records as given in testimony
. were: ,
ATTENDANTS LISTED
I 1. Rev. Martin Luther King,
Montgomery, Ala-, a leading Negro
gure in various outbreaks of ra-
cial trouble during Um past two
years who was described as a tool
I oi the Communist partv in recent
hearings in a-oulslana
I 2. Rosa Parks, Negro. described
as the person who precipitated the
Montgomery nus boycott. A ;
3. Allen McS-vain, Negro who was
credited with sparking the Clinton.I
Tenn. public school incident.
4. Conrad Browne. a leader at
}Koinonia Farms-at tmericus, Ga.
Kolnonis was described as a social-
istic interracial community where
violence and racial strife recently
erupted. _ I
5. Charles Gomillion, Negro, deanol students at Tuskegee Inst.itote.i
According to testimony today agi-
tation by Gomllllon was ca major
cause of the Tuskegee boycott. .
6. Septlma Clark, presently a dl-N
rector et the Tennessee school who
had a hand in the South Carolina
Q,-facts which I have been able toI
ii
.._._,,-,9, - ,- --_,__,_-..__._..._-.-_..-.--n-.-.._.-...
.
-,_.._-IF .3.cussion at the Tennessee meeting.Stirred By NAACP And Communists
I 7- DIV H- Bmvks, leader Tails
hassee bus boycott.
. OTHERS REVEALED
. A150 mending was Abner w.
Berry. a member of the Com-
munist P1118! central commit-
tee. According to '1. B, William;
Jr. executive secretary of the
I commission holdln: today! hen.
I lugs. The presence of Berry, a
. ll¢£1'0. insured no deviation from
the Communist line.
Min! 011161 Persons. some with
40 incidents of Communist trout at-
filiatlon, were in attendance and
Pictures of these persons taken by
the investigator were entered in
the records.
The investigator was Edwin H.
Friend, or Atlanta, who testied
that he was employed to make
contact and inltrate the meeting
being held at the school and report
back lo the Georgia Commission
on Education.
The com:-nlssion on education,
formed by the State uegislamre in
1953 is headed by Gov Grlfiin with
the lieutenant governor and attor-
ney general included as members.
Representatives from several other
southern states were present for;
the hearing. _
Prior to the meeting Gov. Grif-
fin said the hearing was called to
receive the report on growing ra-I
I
NAACP school teachers incident. I
- F.92- 92i It.
' .. See RACE, Page 13-A!
.-v-----__._ _ Q - - -4
ALL INFORMATION CONTAINED
. HEREIN IS UFICLASSEHED_. --q_.,,. -¢__
.-x-I -_92 -_ =
. av DATE__=3'il I61! BY
Owi-
ENCLOSURE4, /- '7=-9// " ll I -0
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if _; j.*. .._-.-~92
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2
1
4|-ii Continued Zrom Page ll
cisl unrest in the South. Notice
oi the meeting was not made until
late last night, because, accord-
ing to Griifin, Friend was still en-
fgaged in the undercover work un-
til that time. .
WARNS OF ACTIONS
"This evidence shows that ten-
sion in the South is being pro-
duced by forces which are not
interested in ee weiiare -oi ei-
ther the white people or the
Negro people," said the gover-
It behooves each of us to learn
more of Communist infiltration and
the direction oi Communist move-
ments. Only through information
and knowledge can we combat this
alien menace to constitutional gov-
emment. .
Williams spent the major part of
the hearing idcntiiying persons in
the pictures and entering the pho-
tos in the official records.
Referring to leaders oi" the ra-
cial outbreaks, Williams said they
have rcceivde wide acclaim"
from the National Assn. for the
Advancement of Colored People."
Because oi that he termed an
"amazing propensity on the part
oi the NAACP leaders for aiiiliat-
ing themselves with the Commun-
ist Party". Williams also entered
as evidence the records of 10 lead-
ers of the NAACP.
REVEALS LEADERS
They are Channing II. Tobias.
chairman of the NAACP board;
William Lloyd lrnes, vice presi-
dent; Oscar Hammerstein II,
vice president; Algernon D.
Black, member oi the boardz.
Huber '1. Delany, member oi
the board: Benjamin E. Mays,member of the board: qua;
-Roosevelt. member oi the oard;
Earl B. bickerson, member oi
the hoard and W. J. Walls, vice
president.
The Tennessee meeting was de-
scribed as a {our-day discussion
of methods and tactics oi precipi-
tating racial striie and disturbance.
lt was held irorn Aug. 30 to Sept.z_ . . '
The meeting oi such a large
group oi specialists in interracial
striie under the auspices oi a
Communist training school, and in
ihe company oi many known Com-
munists is the typical method
whereby leadership training and
tactics are furnished to the aglta-_
tors, said the committee.
This was s general workshop.
and would be the most common
method of developing a long
range program. In specliic sit-
uations, leadership would be sent
into the communities to assist."isessions, its _ vs. - India; '
children and 92 eri'.;;;j racial
demonstrations and incidents was
advocated on the basis that po-
liee,are reloctat to shoot I'em- =
en and children. _ '-
Another picture was taken oi
Ralph Holstein, president ofthei
United Packing House Workersof
America-CIO, with Abner W. _
Berry, according m en identities-'
tion by Williams. .Willtams said
Helstein is a representative of a
small group of labor extremists
who serve the Communist party _
by affiliation, and by the utiliza- 7*
tion oi their own organization in -_
further the aims oi the mrnunist l
party. Berry. in addition to hold-iing his membership on the Com-
munlst Central committee, is a top 1
writer tor the Daily Worker, o£ti- . -~
cisl organ oi the Communist party.
_Also included in attendance at_*.'! -
the Communist meeting and identi-C 5-.
lied by Williams in pictures intro-
duced today were: -
Alonso G. Moron, Negro pres-
ident oi Hampton Institute. or-,.
Wilma D. Stolsely, a Newport,
'.ienn., writer. y -1
Aubrey Williams, Montgomery, *
Ala., president oi the Southern
Conference Education Fund, Inc..';
and publisher of Southern Farm
and Home Magazine.
Maurice McCracken. who is ai- _ -
iiliated with the Neighborhood
House in Cincinnati. . "
Rev. Maurice McCracken also of -
Neighborhood House. _ ' ;_:
Ralph Tefferteller, New York's
Henry Street settlement.Rev. Abernathy, another leads?!
in the .-iontgc.-nary, .l.l=., husinci-1
dent.L
a92
LEADERS NAMED e l""° ""r--_ __'lhe commission said Ilighland-
er Folk school was founded in }~ tee on un-American Activities t
R32 by Myles Horton and Don Highlander is ostensibly an in
West, former district director of pendent labor school," but actu:
the Communist party oi Hort-1 is worwg in close coopcrai
Carolina. with the Communist party."
Paul Crouch, a former top Com-I
ing to the committee, testiiied be- = record of Communist front ac:fore the Congress..- - .. ..... ' lties. .
§;_,5,.g_gjg*,;/;;m.»i .... }.i.»...-..§:i [1-........._.
/-
s
- IJames Dombrowslri, who hei~
muniat party functions". " iorm the school, also has a i.
_-. 7- -q.¢___,¢-0-" - ,'-Y.'_- g' e_.y:'§}'.'.v *'-. - -. - .. _. :»:_ . _ _ ' _ ,K :92r _. PH 92 C - -'5 -_ : _ Ill _ _ , _ . I
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- - _' ;I"<.;!:'_ t ' .. .. '; _ 5, , __ I. ,, ,, 7.; _i~ .';l3_;¢,:V, .'-_"°DE°" l i if ALLINFGRMATl0NCON.A|NEDi st »
e T HEREINISUNICLASSIFIED i92iJA'[E -=:I!l~;<L 592_/,<?v<2-:2"_r92JLQ92 7
-. .- 92_
-¢>Z_.'_»3-_ -----_.______$_~_ ; ..3'__r_, _ _, 1: - e _ Dari e e
92_..J , . . .1 , _ _ _5i.*~.j{?i%5§ Thank you for your letter dated October 14, 1957, 7 "
- with enclosure. Your observations and your interest in bringing
is.~. this material to my attention are appreciated. , ;', " -.
~ l92 .- - ' ' t *~ r -- i ' :-'"' e -<_.-.
. 7 While I would like to be of service, I must point out "
that the FBI is strictly a fact-gathering agency, that information in-* _ he its files is confidential and available for ofiicial use only and that e i '
7 - it is not within our authority to make evaiuations or draw conciueions
as to the integrity or character of any organization, publication or
~ - individual - e t e -. -i. '~ _'-"'1 _ I _ 5 . _ _ . .4:531-3!-,;._¢ .P.- -' ___1 .- _4i- , :1. ~, .._,.- L.'1Qi0|'v ,- LT. -__ ~-.-. .," " If. . -.. .~_ _r, ._ .1 v -' --- .1 "V __
- 11- #1 an _h_ "A __-In,__nA__n1__1.1L_________ n_4492______u__" " I DOW YOU W111 1.11108! IIHDCI UIU T818011-B 101' U-IBSO TIUHI
~ .___ and will not infer either that we do or do not have the information you _. r
f-. 4 desire. -T. _ » '5 '- _ It i ' ;'>1s* _- ?".
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it , file? T92T"'l"'F!- ,n1~1'-Annnnrlnnf nnrlni-tad rlinninot frrim unirlnnfinl Inna] nnwstnannr ' ',_ 7_ _ -:1-I L -l-no 92I92-In Q uwrv--vs-u w--w-w-nun w--fr--pa -- urn... --_v-¢---v1 -up-go -aw we -Ila-run4_-E,-_ dealing with racial strife in the South and relates that organizers of ' '1 practically every outbreak uicial trouble in the South since 1954 were . .- "7?" revealed to have attended the Jgm §chool__near , Iennesse" , ?rT_-:_~_,-_.»'=;§;-q92__~".=' ~_ -- _._..* ' Corresnondent nuestiozm why such 1; school is eldowed to onerate and whv- "=.~c~-,-.'~.....- xi v 1»-.--r--4-1'-_.~.~':-I-'-.%'.."*92i r I J - - I 3 - i--=;:::;;;j*:;@;;;';»;5>%Mrs. Eleano 7 osevelt should serve on a. Civil Rights Patgeh
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.» Oié Memgmndum - UNITED sures eovsnnmsnr
L10e MR T°Ls°N °*"= October 1s, 195':
Tclson 1
Nichois 1. "W"
I Bomdmon1mon1 1 llohr __i
Parson: ._-'>UlJl¢I'= GEORGIA comvnssron on EDUCATION ,..,,,,, __
Tmnm i_
Trotter _._
Nea|c...i
Wtntcnowd ..There 1s attached a newspape t out by the/Geor- " »= O 0. comCommission on Education wmch concerns thp'High1ander'Fo1l-E'Sch0o1 " :|=>{1=>=-in .Qgo mmtignist training school at Monteaszle, TenrI¬s'§¬e. "I'I1=e_§me_r§6a".T1'£ts11"f/7:§d' -omm sion of Th A 1 ' of this pubhcaome mer can Legion thought that we might like to 2-ave a. copy? {I _
-' .
I -_,_
ACTION:
It is su ested thi P ' éjmtemgence Division. E8 s memorandum be forwarded to the Domestic
t sew - -
EBORDED . B I .5 ocr 241951
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FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
FOIPA DELETED PAGE INFORMATION SHEET
Page s! withheld entirely at this location in the file. One or more of the following statements, where
indicated, explain this deletion.
Deleted under exemption s! ____ ____,7___, _ __ _ with no segregable
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lnfomiation pertained only to a third party with no reference to you or the subject of your request.
information pertained only to a third party. Your name is listed in the titie only.
Documenttsl originating with the following goveninieiit agencytiesl _.
. _ __ , was/were forwarded to them for direct response to you.
Page s! referred for consultation to the following government agencyesl; iii
_ ._._..._.. . as the information originated with them. You will
be arlviseil of availability upon return of the material to the FBI.
Page s! withheld for the following reasong: reESJ_3T*l_E__/fQ__/_l__S>__...__...._ 1- '7_str/alter-r<q2,0_éW _ _
For your information: ____m__ J ________ _ Y_____ ___ _ _
{The following number is d for reference regarding these pages:
/.1 ..r1ri| ,4._L_r_/; :_3_1_|' W
4-750 -7-79!
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FDIPA DELETED PAGE INFORMATION SHEET
Pagelsl withheld entirely at this location in the lilo. One or more of the following statements, where
indicated, explain this deletion.
l%Deleted under exernption s! lf_é_' with H0 Segfegble
material available for release to you.
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information pertained only to a third party. Your name is listed in the title only.
Document s! originating with the following government agoncylies! _ _.
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Pagetsl referred for consultation to the following governnient agency/ ies!; ____._.i__c__._.i
_ ____ __ ____ as the inl'ormation originated with them. You will
be advised of availability upon return of the niatvrinl to the FBI.
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__,,-/_ lltate photographer ' g. Hi; statement said: 92
S__a..s.!__ __ - U
gro lorrlng at
onteagle Charged
! '""4 "'1" State,Atto1-ney Gene:-at Eugene
A'II..AN'!A,Oc'!. 5-An "under-Cook had labeled as living
cover agent" told the Georgia Communist affiliations also were
gducsglog Canqmisaitiri yéestei-day p|15Qn1_ at em egro ea ers pot-ted raeiai a 'r.at'ion" t a Labor oncml wen In-e of the photographs showed
King and Williams seated to-
gether at a session of the Mont-
eagle meeting. Another photo-
graph showed s.n unidentified
Negro man dancing with an isn-
identified white woman.
Williams reported orally in a
rtatemenron the mlmeographed.
sheet what be said were Friend:
e ' di about the purpose and
ities at the Monteagle meet-Q-l.
8' I
Day weekend meeting en inser-
racial school in Tennessee.
The education commission.
headed by Gov. Marvin Griffin.
pi-as formed by the Georgia beg»
]islatu.ne to plan Georgia's tight
against integration and to pub-
Ziicize the Southern viewpoint in
' the segregation controversy,
ii Griffin disclosed before
commission that he h se
I ' f'|Ll 1!" ' A451-an ..... - _._-92":4-eklernci rneennm. r 1 i The mwgm d Nh hm
I - Inoup of slvecislista in interracial' 1;."-d-if F°Tk $¢ ~iswi!e under the auspices at the
"- Communist training school and
$0 People W111 Knew in the comuany at known Cem-
The commission was told the munist-1 is n twivll method!
meeting was held to emu whereby Iendehio linins and
- methods and tactioa for pnecip'sftl¢¢5 I" 11-lIl'll531'~Il 310 18"?!"
= Hing racial strife and disturb» ll?"-" '
errors." Wiiliams said the Monteagie
= cmxm ma he called the eom~ meetinx wls mended by New-or
Mission into session "so that the 3995!" 91' We 5"! 5031003 If
people at Georgia will hnwjfaliahassee. and of the al-[wince some of the South-'s m1s1,Ieze=1 "merchant hww Miltroubie originates and to mm-1uIkezee. Aim fs;_t;e$at are irrefutigble}; Alabama Otelals Present r1 testitied brie , n-' - itrfylng pictures on diam; at k-zettnl :4-8:: .;:1l;:',m:m;::* 2:5!" 1:; 2?! °1':*§_ |:.I:P:|o-mission meeting disclosed beglaq,.92 ""3 .' "°°.g" ° jhad attended the Monteagle. THQQYIHI It H-lI'hlld¢l t mggnz "[1-mx-nun" M '3{MW 9 "um!" 593- 3- not announced publicly. The oi-I
sec rnem r ,eommi:sim_ kn iive in arail-'=r=== A~"1:1'. Ga-92 John s=it:t&ron
ire-port about Friend: visit sndlalso were Dfet at the oom-;t!iatributed a tour-page mimeo-itnilill Ill»
Tranhed report ot newspaper nee Other cornmrssicn
'oonlai:-ung further report t incluiail Llbeta"*ffi"-*""-P=-***-----1. - 1 I !
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- em-maze, unease: '
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IIo "-F!at iafcrr-aiiei iii been
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You were inetreeted to be
that 878 night be engaged
that this naitei-:1 my be
the preeeni tine, ' on arethe Bureau 8| to Igetk-er y
information indicating thex,_'° - -I> <:*---
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for your recnnendotien ne
taken by the Bureau regard
- .. - _ :,"'* .. . _T-e-er -:*._¢_=~192;2.'ra,."-Q I _ - ,, - _' :.ro2"!:,IIo.v 2'.a:zo::. -:5. _."1 , f-A ____._- ' - 3" . . --P -7 ' - _ "_.'$n .2 r _,-- _ H115 is reportedly supported primarily by donatio*- Ion
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engaged in _anp aetivitiee of this type. fear reply ellgeggg,-tie unence your reeouendociee Ilene site epecific reoeone
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I - leviee of lefilee fails
11: --llflnatiea regarding5- -e
i 1 . zen:-ecu um co 10:» ¢-ma 9-1-5'?"ce_piiened
"3""-1 3#**1¢*fII, note ef re»neuee;" you Iere aduieed
receiveé imiicatieg that D? Ateaching civil disobedience. ~alert for injunction indicating '
in each aciioitiee. In order ~-H
eere eeepletely rccclcca ac
instructed to iuediately advice -on ere in goeeeuion of any _.t the D5. Ge in foot been 7
to Ihetner my action ehenld be
inp this inetitatien. ;_, - ., -.,-7 -.
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' H fmm indwiduals and labor unions in -the form of payments* _ -7° 7' M9; *3 '4'?"
-= _- general fieden-be who attend ite courses. It offers courses of
1d of lab education. It has had cpmmnnigt Pm-¢y_ " " iniatructjon in labor organization, social gcpnpmigg and the
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. _ ~ - _ - CONH NHAL= ~- - .
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. 3 - "' "* .- '...' V -»- -:- - - .. --_ _. _ ,_, .. H I ___ . _ _ _ , o 4 l_ .. _ _" 5'-P ever s' L -- aw ~. -,7-- ..Due to its ceeded in gain; c- -. . o __ .; .of numerous terracial chargct:?_fP:>¬_-§.;_this institutionitheadquarter-oat alleyona -that it 8 -been the a_ub_;'¢-o-,1; ,_0.21egc-Hays ha tglmunism in can Teggggggntsfzhe . 3. . - ' ¬T gen subs a .0 __-_ 888 .fl A Unite '-- - tat-d -' - ..
re ec-ted that an Bea relea ' ' I - " - .-Educa-bion Commission ervver §§.,§§T,4;5"- 4""1""t°.»' Geo?-gig-"racial agitation" at t Southern E °1d the Georgia-. .. According to this relea 1' Day '}oeek:g<? 1°°°"?a Plotted-the commission that he ha over-nor an mee-ting_a-15 FPS. .-mvee-ting. The commission w t a pha-gofftn of G9°T.<?I?G told.-l:oEI-iacusa "methods and tact Id that g}:'?Ph@7 to attend thisstrife and disturbances " ' . 0» 3 eating was held. . , precipitting rac-to " , .
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' !i¢-g m . U1;1I:rEDJ;s'i.92_92 V OVERNMENT
| . I-92 _ _
TO = mane-ron, rm 1-7511! = l>*T== 11/32/57 ----| . 1
_..._;- _./ = SAC, KNOXVILLE _ V _ j ___* __w.m= %égTmE.:,gEmmmmi ei » - *'*'- v t -[ht/W/P I8-C _ We LnmE_a1qm_ BY
Re K: let to Bureau 151/1/51 and Bulet to xx11/14/51. e ~ ~ - .-
V In vies oi prior Breau instructions, no investi-
_ gation of the Highlander Folk School has been conducted bye"
- this ofiice and no intorssnts have reported any information '
regarding the activities of this school or its members.. 9 7 H. 4'.'-. .
' The only in!or:=ticn ehich iiiht tend to indicate
this school has been engaged in activities or interest to the '
Bureau is set forth in Bulet to Knoxville dated 9/4/57, captioned
"Racial Situation, State oi Tennessee", Butile 100-135-24, and
in literature distributed by Georgia Colmission on Education
re Eighlander Iolk School. The only copy of this literatureB} which was received Iron the Birsinghan Oitice on 11/13/57 is v92<= enclosed herevith_to the ureau,,< K ;_ , H n 1~ _» » _ ¢ A~»~
~' !n viee'c! the chore and ifi?i6ii instructions '
received tron the Bureau, it is sot recommended that any inves-
fa!
¬5!- Bureau Encl. - 1! RI! '
l - Knoxville 1-l2!._,;vt__
4-750 77-T9!
E]
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[ix
illFEDERAL BUREAU DF INVESTIGATION
FDIPA DELETED PAGE INFDBMATIDN SHEETXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXX
Page s! withheld entirely at this location in the file. One or more of the following statements, where
indicated, explain this deletion.
Deleted under exemptionisl , _ ___ with no segregable
material available for release to you.
Infonnation pertained only to a third party with no reference to you or the subject of your request.
Information pertained only to a third party. Your name is iisted in the title only.
DoCument s! originating with the following government agcncviiesl . , ,_
___ s . _ ._._. .-.__ , was/were forwarded to them for direct response to you.
Fage s! referred for consultation to the following government. agoncy ies!; _l,__..s.sht__i
_ _, ,_ _ _ on _ as the information originated with them. You will
L. advised of availability upon return of the material to the FBI.
Pa§_e sl withheld for the following reasonI.%.."> am L 111 fa /Lé 17.-sglj: Q55 s _
F or your information: ____ ,,_, ____ g __ ___W____ _ _
ber iséo be used for reference regarding these pages:
92
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4- J-*,
R. L. PETERS. JR.
SENATOR
su|_:.|92u92u ans nawmns counn
1540 Fauunat Dalvz
KINGEPORT. TENNESSEEI -I 1 .1
.-a~ =¢;. ' ~KL; , I v|c Mn
C1} II
92 v .~ I. 92
;°§2nabz Qlhamhar
' taia nf Tzrmrsszz
uAsHvmLE
November 1, 1957
Honorable J. Edgar Hoover
Federal Bureau of Investigation
Washington, D. C.
Dear Hr. Hoover:IILITAIY AN
GO
CO
II IMIER
U AG
PUILIC IJTILITII
I have become increasingly aware and apprehensive of
Communism working in our country. In this connention,
I have been informed that perhaps in Greeneville,
Tennessee, there were several know Communists andthat at the//I-Iighlan ¬21.I<.,§:$z!2,<.2.<2.l. in 1.'.s~.a2.e= 1=._,¥.aa2.:_.- -_ der _ _ . _g_T~essee, there was being carried on a Communist raining
School.
regard to communistic activity in Tennessee.I I mould appreciate any information available to me in
In case this information is not available to me, I
would appreciate knowing how I can go about acquiring it.
Sincerely yours,
J
. R. L. Peters, Jr.IHIGH" '
FUILIC ANM . ..,
Mr. - T"
Ml rg 5"; I
M 059
T"l
I. 'r1'°""f.luh_cuJw,,T31?» Egan;ma nap,
'_ 1
1
RT-P/wkb ALL INFORMATION CONTAINED
cc I Honorable Carroll Reece
Johnson City, Tennessee gimxg 510
I/LIH+1/I ' <1?
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" -ALL INFORMATION cow _~, E91?n p HEREIN If umcuxssman1 at A
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~ Your lettero! Horember 2, 1951, with enclosures, --
has been received. _ ' _ , "-."l ' '
I a _ U _§92"_:_ '1" _; -'.~_-Vie. »},'-"5" . _'-Q 5" _, 4. ._ . _- . . -,_ I _ -- ~ 3 _ The interest and thoughtfulness ihich prompted your
writing is sincerely appreciated, and I thank you tor bringing this *
material to my attention. _ ,.- »* 1 - .;;;~___ -:p-'=_~-
1" -A _ Sincerely yours,
-*7 .- " - i _ V - _ - '_ _ .. .1: nu 2, . - 1. :1 -'~ » -.- - i--1-=-~_. roe w - - A -4": '-'1*=**-- --:. . In { C -n . - -1;;-Q L'_'r"'Y;; 1:; .-I; I _ a-v.- "5 1' - - = s y "learn:-----ma» -' lassitie ab " t . John Edgar Boov?r - E9...at ' 1 L - r V - ' ¢~ .' "I- ' B -I Ifnechssn '-t ~b<3-.9~.: . -:7"-'1 I-5-'~, - _, . ' -. ' . _n 1 - . ,,..,-,=_.._ i -_ -.-"1' " _ ._. .- 1'-:5;'..':-xi rm _
1*-GTE: Correspondent, not identifiable in Buiiles, enclosed acari"'oon %
critical of the Supreme Court and an editorial dealing Withl- -of .
top defense secrets by communists and fellow travelers, aljwell is a
copy of a 4 page paper circulated by the Georgia Commission on Educationof Atlanta, Geg;-gin, dist:-ilbtsil-|?Y.lnd<-Ependence Foundation; Inc.,concernintg ei ghlander Folk choql. Correspondent assumes we areaware 0 j .':_§_l.f{i_1§ated.gr u 5 but inquirfesas towe e 1 1= haw ~=-*3,-.,,, ;i@*P§i1j'?t_.ti§di¢§5¬>ai:?§II§-wncqrnmgt Hlg ..;-Qer E'd'a School, onipi 'l'6""~"'1,"iZl'li1EfB__?§,_¬'i_f3,,-"§:.l'§ _.'-ginclass?s7on a seminar msis'sHp :'. -Z?
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Manhattan Some people stilllb:-mg dogs into restaurants andfood stores, in violation of thepublic health laws Now we havethe case of the little girl who wasbitten by a dog in a ColumbusAve supermarket. This dog wasbrought into the store by an unidentied woman What must heppen before the Health Depart
meiit takes action against these
dog owners
--ii-.~T3l9§.-1llé_l=2~l
HANDY REMINDER
Bronx Each time Sputnik
speeds by overhead, it should remind us of the spies and traitorsstill at large within our boundaries. It was the foul aets ofthese Commie creatures and theirfellow travelers which enabledRed Russia to steal our top de, s = Q M
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COSTLY DISEASE
Brooklyn The American Medlcal Association recognizes alco
City this disease costs millions odollars in lost man-hours annually, more millions are spent bythe Welfare Department in caringfor the families of alcoholicsDespite all this hospitals of theCity of New York do not haveone bed available for the alco-holic who needs medication tostop druilcing The only alternative is for the alcoholic to continue drinking until overtaken bcomplete physical collapse, insanity or death Five days of careand medication would put thissick man on his feet, prepared to£6l.U1"Il to his work and his familyilli fufense secrets
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FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
FOIPA DELETED PAGE INFORMATION SHEET
Page s! withheld entirely at this location in the file. One or more of the following statements, where
indicated, explain this deletion.
Deleted under exemptiorus! ___ __W_ _,__. "Th with no segregable
material available for release to you.
lm'-'onnat.ion pertained only to a third party with no reference to you or the subject of your request.
information pertained only to a third party. Your name is listed in the title only.
Document s! originating with the following government agenevliesl * if *_ __
_ __ _____ _ __ , ______ , was/were for92»92'a1-ded to them for direct response to you.
Pa§£P Sl referred for consultation to the following governiiient agencyesl; 3-$1l
_ o _o___o_ ____iW_ as the information originated with them. You will
be ailviseil of availability upon return of the material to the FBI.
la;;;.~'ls! withheld for the following rt%as2s!I '" ..~ 1: . -",!i,,L!.i!= I/~15 0_eu_ . 5-Zfév _
I or vour information: _
The following number is to be used for reference regarding these pages:
~' .-' -If/I._ ! H -?f"_..i.i ' 1"? fl 1 __
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§ DELETED PAGE S! §
X NO DUPLICATION FEE X
X FOR THIS PAGE X
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MONTEAG 1.1-: N/"E§AR -rsuusssss -.
--_ " .
- l rm .- , . llovember 21, 1957 AL|_||pQRF,{?'9?f ""'TJHED
ii'EREiii if: i'iiIi.m..~»--"E-...a '*5 Deer Friend:
"E My name is Septima Clark. The enclosed leaflet tells about the work that I us doing
to give a new chance to people who are victims of racial prejudice in the South.
' About a year ago, after I had been released as a teacher in the public school system
of South Caroline, I accepted an invitation from Kyles Horton to Join the staff of " -
.; Highlander Folk School in the Cumberland llounteins of Tennessee. There Ias no ;' -
question about my competence but my stand on integration was unpopular.
Highlander is one of the few places in the South where scutherners, Negro and Ihite,
"r ~~" and study together and work out says to combat prejudice and segregation.;
" My first year as Director of Iorkshops at Highlander has been filled with achieve-g
nents. We had the children of Clinton, Tennessee tith us for a Ghristmas holiday in
December. Leaders in the Montgomery bus boycott have supplied leadership for some pf
u our Workshops. Thirty children and ten counselors representing thirteen states had
k happy, vigorous seeks of out~of-door life here at Camp Ioinonis-Highlander this 3
summer. These are times of great opportunity. i d
L"""¢-..-..--1.
l- At Highlander Ire believe that education, if it is real, is related to problems-
_ ' , . - '....1.;L_1 to Highlander and go away equipped to cope with the problems in their own-
s oommumties. Highlander has functioned on this principle for a quarter of a century
.1..- ..%.'.-re has never been any question about it until non. Just this year the Internal l
Fir-..n.;e Service has withdrawn tax-exempt status from Highlander. Is cannot let this __ --.-
; *3-=;:. die. Until the tax exemption question is settled Ie are in serious diffi-
l '.-";l*.;". Oven $47,000 in foundation grants is held up and cannot be tushd by I1-I
--- uh _.cng as this present ruling standn.
92 ._.,
are doing what we can to out costs during this emergency. The entire staff at
;.ig....l-_»:.'lor is foregoing salaries. Ie are living and working on a subsistence basis.
The local storekeepers have beengenerous in extending credit for U33 essentials,but we cannot impose on them forever. RDED45 gz92 ...._ 75 .-~
.; ;,-2.. ta... '.ie3;_r.- us in this time of stress Ire shall be most grateful. Ie are notes?/£1-.=.3;_ s_n"_;"thir.g for ourselves. Ie can all go out and fi:4otl9e§'3$r$.57 We dd not
*~~= *»- wt-rry about making a living. Ihat Is are fighting for is to preserve an ,1
s *"~ or program that has become a resource and a ral1yinT"p'3'int for"s'6'6P'es of brave
~" =*~~~=~-- rho are leading the fight for Justice and better r e relations in these.7 W
cixzfiel days. _, '1". =" ll! L 1 _,_<_w._-'34" 1 "0' A - if ' 45 Sincerely yours, '
15".." - ¥i;nt you please make youfohook / 4 _-' ' payable to The Highlander Felt F_- . _ Eiohcol and mail it to lr.'Robert ' - ? rpg - 92 92Ra.u in the enolosgd envelope. . tinajlark
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I i ' ATTENTION SAC Correspondent forwa' d¢a 11¢ ' m,-mg Ajlighlander F°u S°h°°1 at M°nte9~S19, Tennesgee, wfg'c:;lutI -:i>*Ee; z'1 igtter the
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~ To = mm. TOLSON ' DATE=December 11, 1957 7
"l" I01 on, awe = e. A. 1%?
/,' ' Nouns ___
'92_/ Parson!
Hanan ._i
SUIIJBCI: Tunm ._i..._
Trotter
Clayton
" ' _in the Attorney Genera1's office called. He M" _
/ stated that the Attorney General had received a letter-iv who was formerly i
' and who has some connection
_ lie apparently has been asked by some minister to
for théTHish1ssde.r..EQ1E §911°°..l..s!..1.'!5.>.B..1=s.2-sis. Iwanted to known .what kind er anizciiitfit R was.
I told- that while we had never investigated this school I
was highly controversial and that there had been both communists attending the. , school and communists on the staff but that so far as we knew it had never been j 2;/~- communist-dominated. He stated that in view of this he intended to stay out
of it and was simply going to tel1_ that it had never been investigated
by the Department and that he could make no comment concerning it.
, .é/_:2_././/~?/492_ """' 1as " 5' Q
RECORDED -3; '3 E9 395'
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1 F'[email protected]i ' t cw
ERNMENTF -
- SAC. KNOXVILLE 1-12! 1 ' '
/,@,_,_;j
nzenmunen FOLK scnoor.
uommcnn, wnunnssma
IS = c ~-- ,susp::'
/'" The Knoxville Office recently received two copiesof thesighlander Reports, 25th Annus1_Report, Oct. 1,
'56 - Sep . 30,_'57". The envelopes were addressed to
this office and bore the return address,"igh1ander
Folk School, Ionteagle, Tennessee", one bearing date
December 19, 1957, and the other bearing date December
21, 1957. A copy of this pamph1etand envelope is
being iorwerded to the Bureau for its files.
As the Breau has previously been advised, HYLES
HORTON, Director of this school, has in the past sent
communications to this ofiice. The enclosed pamphlet,
of course, was not solicited by the Knoxville Office.
,6 7/"/,
ALL lN|eHER.E|I¬ E1105
DATE_]l92§z:i_ 92-/ -~>~...y »
mmzxn . 33
REC
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251./, ANNUAL moat Oai I, '56-sepz. 30, '57
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Mn. Seplimo Clark, Dinner of Education, Highlander
FUHIEHEU n ulcuuuon roux scuooz - uornucu. TENNESSEE -¬_'--
6 /_7s'//- :2/'7
1-1 PBIJWII IIIUI y92JU-DC Gill iv vollulq In-In will, U, III.! wlopolwrl-I was hr, and
- | q - a n ' ' llinaction, and in either cri lie is iustly accountable ti. " "em for the miury.
- John Stuart Mill
The _1ilen+ South" now stands indicted on Such O
charge as suggested by John Stuart 'Mil|. The conviction,
in the court ol world opinion, will depend upon whether fr
not the pro-segregation, anti-violence rnogority nos inc
courage to speak out against the reigns of terror tht
shook Little Rock, Arkansas, Nashville and CliIIl0". T9"-
nessee.
The voice of the South has become in too many
instances that of irresponsible politicians and their equally
misguided followers. Spurred on by some public otflce
holders, a violent small minority is willing to defend seg-
regation at any price
The Negro and forward-looking white people working
fur integration another minority! are unable to cope
with the violent mob. Violence which has shaken the
South for the past year will continue until and unless the
p:a=segregotior: but law-abiding majority clearly under-
stands and speaks out against violence.
Y-'--H"-*_ ' . tI=~, leaders to make the issue clear
and to get the majority to speak out for law and order is
one of the foremost goals of Highlander.
1957 PROGRAM CULMINATED IN ANNIVERSARY
The i952 r' ram was lar el inted in this direc- Q9 _ Q Y
P-P r""'""~'~ °*~-' 25:-~l anniversary celebrated during
the Labor Day week-end.
_ -' T".;=:-I'.;;a:'ch editorialized the celebra-
l 1-tn: "The t-ii nlanzier school is hel in remake the South.'* od p Q I h h * 1";-*1 ._~ ' its quiet, m est way. t as muc to
Iio. rvl:.i-y its second quarter see the Fulfillment of the goals
J 'li¬¬l.l_.f.* r:r;I iust-ct, that guide its modern pioneers.
Modern ai'inP*"s at the anniversary seminar on The
1:-~.~i-i Th er.-12.4" heard Negro and white leaders
torn throughout the South discuss the progress made in
"hr 5lY_'f."I'f .".- .4 "M iirablem still confronting democracy
"rt,c- bcuih "l vii? hundred persons attended the three-day
."-grorr. '~»g_~7--'-_"~'-la by talks by the Rev. Martin Luther
ling and Aubrey Williams, both at Montgomery, Alabama.
intensive workshop discussion led by leaders of the
tlegrotion movement gave the anniversary participants a
1'-' ; ' 4 . 1*: ..-;,'_=g:.lioii problem in the South as
cl as u re-view of l-lighlandefs past twenty-five years of
- use.
!J:C _.§,.,_,=: i 1 .i_{_ _J.__._,._,-___;|,_j ____i i:92._ _ .._n __u -1 __.__ _.__VEUCI IIKC CI roll CUII OT persons
»=~»-~=~i in Y ' »n'=r"ot~nn struggle. Included were Dr.
--_- '92Iu -i, riorripton Institute; Mr. Alan McSwain,
-ioton. Tennessee, Mrs. Rosa Parks, Montgomery, Ala-
zmlt-_: arr Fiisl-Ii" D Ward Nichols, Jacksonville, Florida.
Q i .7 W Dean of the Rockefeller Memorial
-W5. l *='92'e's't> o Chicago, was the seminar chairman.
cw Movie
The theme ct the Orinlversory celebration was perhaps
st summarized by o new Highlander movie premiered92
during the Labor Day week-end. The movie, showing Negro
and white people learning and working together at High-
lander, concluded with the late Zilphia Horton singing
We Will Overcome." ,
The spirit of the celebration was phrased by one of
the participants: "One has to live, cot, and toll: with both
Negro and whites to see how the whole problem boils down
to the simple problem of how to treat another person like
o human being; not like o thing or object for one: private
use or need."
There was time for fun and entertainment during the
Labor Bay week-end as Ralph Tefteteiier coiled square
dances and as Pete Seeger played the guitar and led group
singing.
Participants at the seminar not only shared their
knowledge but pledged $2,500 in financial support to the
school. With Highlander's federal tax status still undeci-
ded the monies pledged at the program will be a material
contribution to continuation of Highlonder's program.
The tax-ruling continues to hold up needed funds from
foundations which are able to give only to tax-free institu-
tions, but Highlai-ider's program of education for integra-
tion gained renewed vigor from its 25th anniversary pro-
gram.
FIVE WORKSHOPS ATTRACT 217 LEADERS
lwlllllllll l "-
xl I 5' ' -l
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WORKSHOP IN PROGRESS
While the Labor Day seminar was the climax to the
school's expanded program, more than 200 participants
in the five workshops this year illustrated the sense of
urgency held by Southern whites and Negro people to keep
working for intearotion. More work in North Carolina and
I: ;.';.".._.r 2". ..-..- .. - -1
l
ii, ___ if _ _*ii____;i__i ___ H I U H L Q I1 UI ll I I l'_§J_l§__l §_
in Florida and more workshops in 1958 ' advocated by
all leaders attending.
January and February workshops had approximately
fifty participants from North and South Carolina, Florida
and Tennessee.
The school focused its attention on the college stu-
dents Cluririg March as thirty-six students from the Univer-
sity of Ohio, Georgia Tech, Emory, Tuskegee, Fisk, Anti-
och, Putney Graduate School and Bard attended and
turned the spotlight on prejudice.
During April the school opened its doors to informal
groups of three and six as guests from Philadelphia, New
York City and Copenhagen, Denmark, enjoyed the casual
atmosphere of the school. The Executive Council also met
during the month, rounding out o full program for the
staff.
A number of teachers attended the June and July
workshops and students from Seven Southern states gave
a thorough airing to the problems of Negroes registering
and voting in the South.
As director of workshops, Mrs. Septirna P. Clark made
extended trips during much of the fall and winter of I956-
l957 into the states of North Carolina, South Carolina,
Florida, Georgia and Tennessee Mrs. Clark has been re-
cenriy I!U!I'te'.* Director of Education at Highlander. See
cover!.
As reported briefly in the last annual report, members
of the Highlander staff worked out cl program of guidance
and assistance to the Negro children at Clinton, Tennessee.
A series of morale-boosting parties and special-subiect
tutoring helped smooth the turmoil in Clinton. The Clinton
pragraroi, continuing this year, was highlighted when Bobby
Coin. become the first Negro in the South to graduate
.'o<"."_ 2' Tncgr:ted PiJl'.lll-" high school.
New Books
CJur.i..§ the summer, George Clifton Edwards of Dallas,
Texas, donated an invaluable life-time Collection of books
;!rir~rior"il92_.' on the South to the Highlander library.
The Board of Christian Education of the Presbyterian
Church, LLS A , has produced a moving picture, "The Face
of the Soutti, which George Mitchell, former chairman of
the l"ilglllG*1d3i Executive Council, originated at High-
lander
INTEGRATED YOUTH CAMP '
' " .1
- . .5.,_, , __"' I
_?-_. . _: ' _ -
ln addition to the other activities, Camp Koinania-
"'.-":."'I:-r aiitic. an interracial staff of eleven adults and
92' campers from l2 states explored the mountain
MD durii-.; the latter part of June and early July._l'1'92| - '
.;;l-i.-mii."."-"<1 - -
' {J 2. i iv Y
llinlb-_..:E92 ...- . -
Thc Community program continued apace with H li-lander facilities used regularly all year by the 4-I-I llfub
and the lake used for swimming and fishing by many at
our neighbors.
HIGHLANDER IN THE FIELD -
The leadership training program in the field continued
to move forward in Johns Island, South Carolina and
Sevier County, Tenn. Shortly after the group at Johns
Island finished remodeling their building o co-operative
store was established and 37 people enrolled in the night
school to learn to read and to write in preparation for
qualifying to vote. In Sevier County, Tennessee, a series of
residential week-end schools developed leadership for a
number of rural communities.
Myles Horton took time out from the school: busy
workshop schedule to address the 43rd annual meeting of
the National Conference at Catholic Charities in Kansas
City, in September. _
Earlier in the year, Mr. Horton represented the Adult
Education Association of the United States at the Ameri-
can-European Conference on Residential Adult ,Education
in Bergen, Holland. -
FINANCIAL PICTURE
In response to letters regarding the loss of tax exemp-
tion, Highlander has received almost twice as many indi-
vidual contributions as last year. With this encouragement
the staff has moved forward with plans for a second 25
years with renewed energy and with confidence. The
school is not only gratified with the responses from many
friends, some of whom have doubled their contributions,
but is also pleased with the efforts of committees through-
out the country to raise funds. The New York Committee
is carrying on a fund-raising campaign by letter-writing.
At the Labor Day celebration delegates from every
Southern state, many poor, some unemployed because of
the brave stand they have taken, voted to make monthly
pledges to keep Highlander operating. The friends of
Highlander in Chicago have responded by a national cam-
paign for what is being called the Guarantor-s Fund. They
propose to enlist 200 people who will pledge a minimum
of $l0 a month for the next I2 months. This will provide
o minimum operating budget, a floor, of $2,000 a month.
Larger and smaller gifts beyond this will enable High-
lander to conduct additional workshops and do more ex-
tension work in the field.
Contributors will be mailed a Guarantor card supplied
by Mrs. Ernily Waldman, I329 Fast 50th St., Chicago ts.
Funds will be deposited in a Highlander account in a
Chicago bank and once each month an authorized High-
lander agent will draw a check remitting ta the School the
amount of pledges collected for that month.
i ___ _ ,1-/' l_.5"lA|'f9!l__ I110!!! ._. " _ _
F 7 T '7' " "
l .
~ FINANCIAL STATEMENT SUMMARY
l"lighlander Folk School ended the fiscal year
September 30, 1957 with an operating fund deficit
of $9,193.86. Receipts for the year were $39,482.95 l
and expenses for the year were $71,273.94 {includ-
ing $6,512.75 provision for depreciatianl.
I5igr18dl HARRY V. HERRELL
Certified Public Accountant
Financial statement was prepared by Harry V. ,
l Herrell, CPA, Knoxville, Tennessee and a detailed
~ copy of some will be mailed on request.
i W so 1... l
TAX EXEMPTION REVOKED
ll. February the Internal Revenue Service without
warning revoked its previous long-standing ruling that con-
tributions to Highlander were cleductiblefor income-tax
purposes on t-he basis that Highlander does not qualify as
an educational organization for tax exempt purposes. The
revocation at ox-exempt status is being protested and
attorneys feel condent that after a review of High|ander's
activities the Internal Revenue Service will restore the tax
exempt status.
This action on the part at the federal government has
encouroged anti-Highlander statements on the part of
:e=jre-_1otiooist Governor Martin Griffin of Georgia, and an
ieprember 7' Senator James O. Eastland of Mississippi,
--trio staiea, I am in thorough agreement with the
Paternal Revenue Service action making donations to
_, " School no longer deductible.
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College Workshop
ROGRAM SUMMARY
' - '13-L"tQ workshops on public school integration; I Collggg
-'-_>'- .. sarne subiect; 2 Executive Council meetings; I Highlander
insuiiorirs meeting, I Pre-Christmas 90"! tor Clinton pupils; Visitors
1" P-"Wit h and Putnev, Philadelphia, New York, Copenhagen, Dgn.mark," Three-day Sernlnar"'|'ho South Thinking Ahead. August 30-
September 2nd, participants present from 21 states, over 200 lloclors;
Comp l oinonia-Highlander three weeks, June 24-July I2; Adult pro-
gram tor illirei-ores and young people, January 8, February 27, 37
attended, Johns Island, S. C.
Four residential week-end workshops in Sevier County, Tonn., 75
atte%d each era-I-:s%; we.-="tsar% a t--torin-,, 3%! in Km.-.-s-ilk tar
Ctimon Negro pupils; conference with people of Oak Ridge to provide
help for the Negroes at Clinton inconvenienced by the dynamite
blostings; worked with Negroes in Columbia, Tennessee, Oriondo,
Florida and Greensboro, N. C.
Conferences Attended
Notional Adult Education association meeting in Atlantic City,
November 12-I5, 1956; Alpha Kappa Alpha convention in Atlafrlcl,
Go., Dec. 26-31, I956; South Carolina Social Workers Conterence, Nov.
1. I956, Southern Conference Educational Fund, Atlanta, GO-. Febru-
ary 2-3, 195?; Southern Mountain Workers Qnlererxe, FQ.-!'92..-ary Z!-
23, 1957; Council on Christian Faith and Human Relations; Economic
Resource and Development Corrirnittee of Southern Mountain workers
in Berea, Kentucky, May 3, 1957; Phelps-Stokes Conference at Copa-
hosic, Virginia, June 22-23, I957; Arnarican-Eurooecttt Confortncu on
Residential Adult Education, Holland, June JD-July 11, I957; Notional
Conference at Catholic Choi-ities in Kansas City, Missouri, Sept. I4-ll,
I957.
Publicity
Articles about Highlander appearing in I956-1957--Inlopoolant
Coll, February, April," ssiiis-is r-ii-in. Septerr-bet; Carolina 11-,
Februory, April; Macon Daily Tilnos, Selptemberg Pallnltto Loader. -lune;
Atlanta Constituon, Septerrtier; Chattanooga Tilsos, Septerrbet; lir-
sningllurn News, September; Nashville Tennessean, Septerrber; Nashvilio
Iannor, August, September; The Packing House Worker, September;
New Yorli. Times, July; Chattanooga Froo Floss, September; Adah
Leadership, June.
HlGHl.ANDER'S EXECUTIVE COUNCII. MEMBERS
Mrs. Helen lass, Benedict College, Columbia, S. C.;
Mrs. Sarah Patton Boyle, Box 3183, University Station,
Charlottesville, Va.; Dean I. R. Braseal, Morehouse Cal-
Iege, Atlanta, Ga, Mrs. Septirna Clark, Highlander Folk
School, Monteagle, Tenn.; Mrs. Harry Gershon, I590
Harvard Road, N.E., Atlanta 6, Ga; Dr. Charles Gon-iillion,
Dean, Tuskegee Institute, Ala.,' Mrs. Grace Hamilton,
Atlanta Urban League, 239 Auburn Ave., N.E., Atlanta,
Ga; G. R. Hathaway, Secy-Treas., United Packinghouse
Workers of America, 608 S. Dearborn St., Chicago 5," Mrs.
John Etta Hayes, 2519 Heiman St., Nashville, Tenn.; Dr.
John Hope ll, Fisk University, Nashville, Tenn; Myles
Horton, Highlander Folk School, Monteagle, Te:-in.; Mr.
Esau Jenkins, 244 Spring St., Charleston, S. C.
Dr. Lewis_Jones. Rural Life Council, Tuskegee Insti-
tute, Ala.; Miss May Justus, Route 1, Tracy City, Tenn.;
Mr. Stewart Meachorn, Apt. 1704C, 453 Franklin R0059-
velt Dr., New York; Mrs. Rosa Parks, Holly Tree Inn,
Hampton Institute, Hampton, Va.; Rev. Eugene Srnathers,
Calvary Presbyterian Church, Big Lick, Tenn; Dr. P. A.
Stephens. 1917 Citico Ave, Chattanooga; Jordon Stokes
III, Attorney-at-Law, Sudekum Bldg., Nashville; Miss Lu-
cille Thornburgh, Assxiate Editor, East Tiaiiii Lib;-,7
Hews, 311 Morgan St., Knoxville; Mrs. Arnet-to Wallace,
5120 S0. Parkway, Chicago; Mr. Torn White, Sec., Broth-
erhood of Railroad Trainmen, Lexington, Tenn.; Aubrey
Williams, Publisher, Southern Forrn Ii Home, Montgomery
I, Alo.,' Charles Wilson, Tenn. Rep., lntl Union of Mine,
Mill 8. Smelter Wkrs., P.O. Box 51, Columbia, Tenn.;
Mrs. George Wolfe, 7901 Carroll Ave., Takoma Park 12,
Md; Professor J. E. Pierce, Alabama State College, Mom-
gomery, Ala.I
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Mr. R0591T~+--- _
or _ he . c94r5S<3a1 up
Fo e S cial A eIu!!IluluFiiii!!EE,IIIIIiI a on 12 57 that on 12/14 he received in the
ma unsolicited a copy of the following publication:
"Highlander Folk School . " -
The paper, published by thexergia Commissionwon
EQP2§Pl9n, 220 Agriculture Building, 19 Hunter Street,
Atlanta 3, Ga., consists of four pages and lists the Comunist
affiliations of persons in attendance at the Labor Day Weekend
1957 Seminar at Highlander Folk School, Monteagle, Tenn. Pages '
the races of persons in attendance at this school. 3 and 4 of the paper are devoted to pictures of the mixture of q !
The editorial comment mentions that in this issue
readers have seen pictures of the leaders of every major race
incident in the South from May 195R until the time of the labor
Day 1957 meeting of the Communist Training School, Highlander '
Folk School, Monteagle, Tenn. It was also mentioned that names sg
of the national figures are easily identified with their pictures
and it is the intention of the publishers to identify all the
leaders and participants of this Comunist Training School.
Therefore, it would be appreciated if readers would identify
any individual they know in the photographs. The editorial is
I th Ex ti S ta li ted -signeduS2;§%%gr MARg%E.GRIFF N wi ecu ve ecre ry s1 as T. P IAMS, ,., 220 Agriculture Building, 19 Hunter
Street, S.W., Atlanta, G-__ 5- ' T1
. ,_ ., L/_
. ' F-prmer SA - does not intend to reply to the above
request. He addedf 92
he wished to make it a matter of record thatthe paper was unsolicited and he does not know how the publishers Uobtained his name and address - _ - l
- :ttUhb1 i
L . I92-.h -' _?1 ""_ Q C iB11reau'5-#511-}-LREGISTERED MAI !
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PH lQO-3338
On 12/20/57', former SA _made available
to SA he copy of the "Highhder Folk School" which
he received unsolicited in the mail.
Inasmuch as these papers were received by two former
Special Agents, the possibility exists that former agents are
being canvassed regarding their knowledge of CP subjects in an
effort to publicize and identify individuals pictured in above-
mentioned publication. _
Inasmuch as this publication is apparently receiving
nation-wide distribution, this copy is being retained in the
Philadelphia Office.
Atlanta is requested to advise if the extent of the
distribution of this publication is known and if information
reflecting the receipt of the publication by others in the
Philadelphia area is desired.
~7-TH!
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FEDERAL BUREAU DF INVESTIGATION
FDIPA DELETED PAGE INFORMATION SHEET
Page s! withheld entirely at this location in the file. One or more of the following statements, where
indicated, explain this deletion.
with no segregable
material available for release to you.
Information pertained only to a third party with no reierence to you or the subject of your request.
Information pertained only to a third part92. Your name is li.-ted in the title only.
Docurnentlsl Originating with the following govornniunt £~lg l1L'_~' lLH! , _, __
___. ____ __ _. to. .__ , wa.=;/wt-re forwarded to them for direct response to you.
T'agt>{e! referred for consultation to the following g_{092'i_-rmnent ag 'nCV iE5l; ____________.e.._.__
W _ ___ _ .___, __,__, __ o are the infornialion originated with them. You will
' .i?.L -ml of availability upon return of the fl!illL'llill to the FBI.
i?'¢1}'Ii":~F withheld for the following rcai-souls!:
"Th: '-tour information: __ _ ,__ at/27 T _
r reference regarding those pages:
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1 K
Ol? A/I677. _:-w-rill/I -UNITED s1.:*;:::i-*5: GOVERNMENT I/~75/1 "' 1
IQ ; DIRECTOR, FBI K9411; 1_/21/58
sac, KNOXVILLE 1-12! Y
mnm3=_t:;%GHL§HDER_EQQK SCQQQQ
HONTEAGLE, TENNESSEE
ISC*u_m"Hh_"_
Re Knoxville letter to Cincinnati dated 1/9/58.
Cincinnati letter to Knoxville dated 1/13/58.
' Cincinnati by referenced letter furnished the following
information to Knoxville:
.~
Attached is a mimeographed circular captioned "Official
Statement of Policy, Highlander Folk School, Monteagle, Tennessee,"
and what appears to be a copy of an article allegedly appearing
in th "H w York Tim s", Sunda 2/22 cerning th s echo e e e y 1 i ol. /57, con
to the
R...-
-.._.-ieved this was probably circulated to all
the United States.
i In the future Cincinnati is requested to furnish information
directly to the Bureau with a cc for Knoxville.
f§lBureau Encl-2! RH!
1~Cincinnati 00-25s1! nn!_ 0 8 ALL INFORMATION CONTAINEDe" 1 HEREIN 92$.U?:-<1-*92_'~*T$*flEi1 .92 /1
DATE BY D
¢l;Zf:// ~59:o- - 5 » - " -~_Q'*r-~=-- a aw ';1?LC 13 JAN 241956 H! 11n@ ' ' - 5 L!X "W? lwgn -
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., ,._;-:_-._-:g._-;.,_='-;.>_._@';-"_ 3-_-_;>._ '-_:» .9--1-1;-1"*-el:~' "I1" ill *-F";-*~s?'~ " T "-* 5 -;---"'i.i-.LEADERS DEFEND
SGHDDL IN SDUTH
Condemn Attacks on Adult
<_ L, -, Center-Deny It Seeks i
1-3' - -*1 _ to Stir Racial Strife i
F., i _ - V7 _ .|- I-
.__ By act-ts N. eornsst l
"";- ' ~ ".- t . i, - - IPec1llto'IheNeIYnrI:'1lmea.
Jr _¢__ , MONTEAGI.-E.Tenn.,Dec.21_ __,; --A statement strongly con-1
t g 3 JI -' "I .. _-Q; damning" attacks on the High-3.11 -_ "1 lander Folk School as a "Com-t;-. _. munist-training school" to stir
sit" . - ¥ _;<a:e..»"' ' '-s_._;,o. .= s. _-._*_
--*.. ... --'.»-* 4.. .- ..t racial strife in the South was
made public today. i
Myles Horton, director of the
school, released the statement E.
over the signatures of Mrs.
Franklin D. Roosevelt, Dr. Rein-
hold Niebuhr, Protestant theo-
logian; Msgr. John 0'Gra.dy, Na-
tional Conterence ot Catholic
Charities, and Lloyd K. Garri-
__ , son, former Dean of the Uni-
.. -' g versity of Wisconsin Law School.
Highlander, situated on a
_ _ _ A Cumberland mountain plateau..:;;. i - 92 about uidist-ant from Nash- ville andqChattanooga, is a resi-
_ ___ _ _- dent center for adult education
"to study and discuss challeng-
ing social, educational and eco-i
nomic problems confronting in-i
dividuals_ and communities in'
the South."._~ _ U,-.5. »_ - ... '.,__-'-'-."- --or -_ _'_-*'- .,'=$-i-:-=- . "x%;.:; w.-. .~<.'~'-- - _.- --,- at - 4 - , .
~';:~'~~o;'; .. ..*-'-£1-*-1' V-,-..-;;'.-; -. .2 -,1;t '3-I'f!;"::{K_ E -'5 :32"_ i§.._l_ _,§,,;;_ I. . .1
: _ :1 .'.f-..'.';921.. __ .-0. , _ --,. 1 . g. 1
£r£~s>.:.;.- .'.;....... 4 ,; -"-ii
4. -. _ ,_ _ .i_. 3.1;;. »-|. 92 _t-v
.' .~--.. ..;_ 92-~. t _ _ vt.__ .,,._i_.,__ Dr. King at Meeting F ' - -- re; 1. The school, emphasizing labori
organizational. techniques, was
I-*~ - - =--= ounded twenty-five years ago.
_ :4 ts sessions are racially non-j
' . iscriminatory and from time__ r-v 1],;
F-1? - .~92 0 time it has come under at-i,
.. k from protesting groups,
.' ' . ast Labor Day week-end,,.
i-iighiander conducted a tvrenty- 1
fifth anniversary seminar at
- .. . which participants discussed' "the implications ot lntegi-ation'
for such groups as churches,
schools and trade unions." ,
Among those attending were.
" -5*, or- 1
s
I
D!-L14
2-TL
i[§7qwa &a.c
W1
Gomiliion, dean of students at
Tuskegee institute; Rev. David
H, Brooks of Tallahassee, F1a.;
Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King.
Negro clergyman who directed
the Montgomery Ala! bus
boycott and Dr. John Hope 2d.
a professor at Fisk University.
In October, the Georgia Edu-
cation Commission, headed by
Gov. Marvin Griffin, charged
that the Labor Day seminar had
constituted a Communist-traim
lng school" to promote meth-
ods and tactics for precipitat-
ing racial disturna.nces_"
The commission said that it
had sent s.n'agent" to "in-
filtrate" the seminar. Commis-
sion offlcials held that "there
assembled at Highlander were
"x "- "' 92 ,_ _ D1-_ Alonzo G. Moron, presidentl
-- ot Hampton Institute; Charles;incident in the South since the!
Supreme Court decision outlaw-ii
the leaders of every major raceigies of equal opportunity."Q i
ling public school segregation
istatutel. I
i The commission was also toldthat a number ct gersons ac-
cused by Attorney eneral Eu-
gene Cool-: ol having Commu-
nist sympathies and affiliations
had attended the seminar, ii The statement released by;
Mr. Horton noted that a tour-
page pamphlet, bearing the im-
print of the Georgia. Education
Commission, was "now being
distributed" _and that it lt-
itacked the Highlander school
as cornmunistic. The statement
.$a1-ged Uilll 250.000 copies oriepamp etwere bein cir-culated. g
i _Actlo|| 1- Orlolleql .
The statement quoted Mr.
Horton as declaring that High-
lander did not and does not
welcome enrollment of anyone
with 3, totalitarian philosophy
whether from the extreme right
or the extreme left; nothing buts
more trouble can come from;
the White Citizens Councils and}
ithe Communist party's inltra-
ltlon into groups seeking a demo-
tcratio solution to our problems
i5lIlGg both are morally hank-
.rupt." The siatementwent onzi
i The attempt of the Georgia
;Governors commission to draw
from the serious and fruitful.
deliberations ot this gatherlngi
sustenance for the efforts or
the Southern racists to equate
desegregation with communism
_evoi-res our strong condemna-
tion. i,
"This kind 0! irresponsible
|demagog1.lery is obviously de-
signed to intensify the diffi-
culties confronting decent
Southerners who might other-~
zwise give leadership in the ad-
ijustment necessary for the de-~
segregation which is inevitable."
i The statement also held that
tit was "morally indefensible" to
distribute material damaging to!
the reputation of those attend-J
|ing the Labor ay seminar. it
urged that "the vast majority of
Americans irrespective of geo-
graphical location join us rather
than Governor Griffin in sub-{
scribing to Highlander; poll-iI1." ; .. i
i d; __ if N i __ __V i é_ ~. - - __ __<_ - _
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~92-D
1_ , ormcnu. smrsnsur or POLICY '
'r11'si11a1~InsR FOLK scsoot
éaggjl Monteagle, Tennessee
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IWe reaffirm our faith in democracy as a goal that will bring dignity and
freedom to all; in democracy as an expanding concept encompassing human relations
from the smallest community organization to international structure; and permeatir
all economic, social and political activities.
Democracy to us means that membership in the human mnily entitles all to
freedom of thought and religion, to equal rights to a livelihood, education and
health; to equal opportunity to participate in the cultural life cf the ccmmun
and to equal access to public services.
we hold that democracy is inactive uless workers are given a full voice in
industry through unions; or farmers are given a voice in the narket place through
cooperatives; or when freedom of thought and discussion is limited; that democracy
is outlawed by legally entrenched discrimination and segregation; that there must
be div
…[truncated]