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L APPENDIX
NATION OF ISLAM, Formerly Referred to rs@
as the Iuslim Cult of Islam, Aka.
guhammadis Temples of Islam, W
In January, 1957, a source advised ELIJAH IUHAIMAD has
described his organization on a nationwide basis as the "Nation
of Islam" and "luhamuads Temples of Islam." '
0n Hsy 8, 1964, a second source advised ELIJAH !UHA!!AD
is the national leader of the Nation of Islam ROI!; Iuhammadis
Temple of Islam No. 2, 5335 South Greenwood Avenue, Chicago, '
Illinois, is the national headquarters of the N01; and in mid-1960
IUHAIMAD and other N01 officials, when referring to IUHAHMAD's
organization on a nationwide basis, commenced using either "Mosque"
or "Temple" when mentioning one of "luhammads Temples of Islam."
The N01 is an all-Negro organization which was originally
organized in 1930 in Detroit, Iichigan. MUHAMMAD claims to have
been selected by Allah, the Supreme Being, to lead the soecalled
Negro race out of slavenr in the wilderness of North America by
establishing an independent black nation in the United States.
Members following HUHAHRAD°s teachings and his interpretation of
the "Koran" believe there is no such thing as a Negro; that the so-
called Negroes are slaves of the white race, referred to as "white
devils," in the Unied States; and that the white race, because of
its exploitation of the so-called Negroes, must and will he ass;
troyed in the approaching "War of Armageddon."
In the past, officials and members of the N01, intludirg
IUHAIHAD, have refused to register under the provisions of its
Selective Service Acts and have declared that members owe no
allegiance to the United States.
On lay 5, 1958, the first source advised IUHAIAD had,
upon advice of legal ccunsel, tempered his personal statements H15
instructions to his ministers concerning the principles of his
organization in order to avoid possible prosecution by the United
States Government; however, he did not indicate any fundamental
changes in the teachings of his organization.
On lay 7, 1964, a third source advised MUHAMMAD had, ,
early in July, 1958, decided to de=emphasize the religious aspects
of the teachings of Islam and to stress the economic benefits to
be derived by those Negroes who Joined the N01. This policy change,
according to IUHAIIAD, would help him acquire additional followers
and create more interest in his programs.
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On lay 55 1964,'a source advised that the Iation
oi Islam ROIJ atliiiate in Her York City in known al Iolquq
#?, also ksssn as ?ss§1s #?, sad is located at_192 Fest 115th
Street, NeeYork City. losque #7 is part oi the OI headed
by ELIJAH IUHAHHAD, with hagdgpartera in Chicago, Illinois.
Hosque #7 has too b1LCLQs; losque #78 at 105-03 Northern
Boulevard, Queens, New York City, and losque #70 at 120 Ihdilon
Street, Brooklyn, How York. These branches are part oi Ioeque_#7. ' '
The date Mosque #7 originated in New York City is
not knows.
However, in connection with the origin 0! Ioeque'l7,
it should be noted tnat in 1953 e second source advised that
there was a Temple or the ROI known to eource then'as the
Muslin Cult of Islam! in New York City located at 135th Street
- .-
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5
APPENDIX
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I The larch 13, 1964, edition of "The New York Times,"
a daily newspaper published in New York, New York, contained
an article on pig-B 20 which indicated that IALCOLI I - Lrrrl-I!,
former national oificial of the Nation.o! Isle: N01! and
Minister of N01 losque #7, New York, who broke with the I0! on
larch 8, 1964, publicly announced in New York City on larch 12
1964, that he had forced the Huslim Iosque, Incorporated Ill!
The III, according to the article, would be a broadly based
politically oriented black nationalist movement tor Negroes
only, iinanced by voluntary contr1butions.f In this public
statement, IALCOLI X urged Negroes to abandon the doctrine o!
non-violence when it is necessary to defend themselves in the
civil rights struggle, and he also suggested that Negroes form
rifle clubs to protect their lives and property in times of
emergencies in areas where the government is unable or unwilling
to protect then. Q 1
Incorporatior papers of the III tiled on larch 16,
1964, with the Business Section, Clerk of Courts, New York
County, New York, New York, reilect that the III was
incorporated under the Religious Corporation Law of the State oi
New York to work for the imparting of the Islamic Faith and
islanic Eaiigion in accordance with "accepted islamic
principals." The princnpal place oi worship to be located in
the Borough or Hanhattau, New York, New York. -
During an appearance over KYITe1evision, Cleveland,
Ohio, on April 7, 1964, HALCDLI I stated that the III does not
stand for integration, but for complete freedom Justice and .
equality tor Negroes. Ha stated that Islam was the religipue'
philosophy of the Ill, while the political, economic, and social
philosophy was black nationalism. ' .- '
AIPPEND 1x '
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On lay 15, 1964, a confidential source advised thatthe headquarters of the III are located in Suite 128, HotelTheresa, 2090 Seventh Avenue; ew Ydrk City, where they wereestablished on larch 16, 1954
This document costaina n~1ther-reconnendat1one-nor conclueipneoi the FBI. It is the propertyot the FBI and 1e loanedito
your agency; it and 1ts contents are ndt to be dietributedoutside your agency. .APPENDIX
n
APPENDIX
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_ UNITED s'ru"|:s DEPARTMENT or JUSTICE
}.£°' ef-' FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
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This document contains neither reconendetionl nor conclusion!Chicago, I111no1e c
Decdnber , 1964
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Iterence: Iemorandun dated and
_ captioned as above..r.
ot the FRI. It is the prcperty_o£ the IBI end 1e loaned to.your
agency; it and its cunjeuta are not to be d1etr1butod_outs1de
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Hear Mg_Lc0lm__X
llslealna,%. the Black
Ha . will he s.
speaker Saturday at s seminar
sponsored hgm iated Com-
g:ut_1_lt!_Tee.ms, part of -
YOU-A .F.' u? Harlem anti-
powerty program.
The seminar, one oi a series.
will be held for young men
d women training for the
arlem Domestic Peace_..:1u-Q--Q. ..".¬-1-. r
. ne of the projects un-
dertaken by ACT. ggiggtga
ingate exe¢_:_u_t_ije directororps o
er rmvqv.-acr. -1.19.
said the seminars were "con-
sistent with our agency's poli-
mation on important issues
A spokesman for AC1 said
none or the semlna.LmeaL-
ers necessarily reect the 65!?-Ilons of ACT. Among pre--* vious skers were
gm -ies. m gEnm oiScience se h oc tel.
The doin'e'stlc peace corps Is
made up of college students
and adult vounteers. consist-
ing ct Harlem residents.
***~@»*r--*dthe oe come Dro-
gram. lllll that tentative
commitments to speak in the
future had been reeeived
from William E. Miler. Re-
publican Vice-Presidenttal
candidate: Dr. Martin Luther
King Jr.. winner of the 1964
Nobel Peace Prize: James
Farmer, national director of
the Congress of Racial Equal-
lty. and Ben.-elect Robert 1".
-em re-LRE
Herald
Malcolm X after
in Manhattan Court
yesterday.P9 - ;_. ° ceived $4.4 million this year..Fmr. Him M the 1% $3.4 million from the city
utF"fo2k'i"eib ental d and the rest from the Fed-
eral government.
Malcolm I left the Black
Muslim movement early this
year to form what he called
a Blsck Nstiona.listorgs11.us-
tion. the Organization oi Atri-
can Unity. For several years
before that. he had been the
primary and most eloquent
spokesman for the Black
Muslims, a religious sect that
allied itself with Islam and
preached separation of theraces. -
For the last ve months,
Malcolm I hasteen on a
tour of Africa and the Middle
East where he en
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New York Herald Tribune
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48 New York Daily News i.___
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pie. In a letter from Baudi___ mu,|- ,3 m,n_v1O1¢,-M m
_R__ Arabia, he was quoted an em- .
§5_-:1-:;?; bracing the doctrine 0! the
§_Ef}§§1- brotherhood oi -man. i, Some month! before that 0
f"i"¥"'?-"A '. :_-.1":
mm-, he me me meme===.
Jas having advocated the tor-
mation of rie ciuhe by Ne-
:-roea to defend themselvu.
Yesterday, Malcolm x was
acquitted on a speeding
charie in the tratiic part 0! -
cnmmn Court. Judge wu-I
liam Brennan said the court.had "a doubt" about Mal-I
*- colm X'a luiit, in a March 6
n arrest. I
In interviews outside theI courtroom. Malfolm X de-qnggmg. Conl cs9-1!-ante:_. Moise Tahombe. raid the
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the civil rizhta movement, a
friend. oi mine and one of the
foremost leader: of Netroea
in their iiaht for recognition
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UNITED STATES LRNMENTH35 d Memorandum
'10 : Director, FBI 00-399321! mm 12/9/64
A : Legat, London 00-3313! nuc!
SUB_]E .l2 IALCOLI K LITTLE1s - mu co~Frm1N_
Renyairtei 12/ 4/64 U
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Enclosed is a clipping concerning MALCOLM X's
appearance in the Oxford Union Debate tron the "Daily
Telegraph or 12/4/64
As there are no further leads outstanding,
this case is being aced in a RUC status
g Bureau £209 ! ! 634$ F?» Liaison ent direct am be London ch
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f'I"92l-ll Len-ninaee u.0u92 TLQAQI1 .... .1............ ....,..._.....-.Malcolm X received a
long ovation when he spoke
last night in an Oxford Union
debate.
He was spaking for e motionll LL-L Q-a-._-I-_ 1- I'LL 1-1-_-. _l I-lll. F? UIIIIBIII III KIIU I-I.Ul=§l¥ K-4".
liberty |s_ no yice, nioderation in
the pursuit of Jusmce I5 no virtue."
He said: "I don't believe in
any form of unjusn'e_cl extrern_is_m.
i but when _ a man 15 exercising
§X!!l'Ql'I'llSg92e_IlI difngc of g_ibert_y_gor urnan ings 0 no ¬0nS1 er
that a vice.
"When a man is moderate in
defence of justice for human beings
i I lay he is I sinner,
§ Wishy-wash; love "
_ My niain reason for believing
i in extremism in defence of liberty
i..@=3§°?i§Z§ §i§Iil,? i¬.§'='°i§= 'i>i. 'iZ c
man takes unoonipromisin; steps
and realises that he is within his
rig;-its_rhe.n his own freedom in
being Jeopardised to use any means
necessary tn bring about his free-:§!nl':'ls.el} don t think he will be byI .
d " I believe that the day thlely they_¢.I many mare W'__!!Q! 1.~'i._ "avg
lmore respect for them. There will
be more igrhites than there are
=now on their side with this wishy-
"; washy iove thine enemy approach
i they have been using up to now."ii He said that he did not believe
in Broierhond wiih anyone who
is not rein ctice brother-
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Date: 12/21/61+
Transmit the following in 1
AIRTEL
Via e_ _M ,Typ¢ in pluintezt or code!
" T0:
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smwscnl I l H P;1Torl'l1!
1__-pt1_--_¢_-.,__-U--¢--___-_--it-__
DIRECTOR, FBI 00-399321!
snc, nzw yoax 05-8999!
MALCOLM K. LITTLE aka
IS - MUSLIM MOSQUE, INC.
Enclosed herewith for the Bureau are six copiesQ of a LHM concerning MALCOLM X.'s statement at a Harlem3 Rally where he remarked, "we need a Mau Mau to win freedom
i and equality for Negores in the United States
The NYO will continue to follow the activities of
MALCOLM X. and any pertinent information concerning hisactivities will be promptly furnished to the Bureau 1:1
form suitable for dissemination.
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. K .UNITIJD STATES DEPARTMENT or J|__. TICE
Q3u, FEDERAL svsswu OFINVESTICATION
?hRK=r-P|-R¢II,, New York, New York n -
December 21, 1964 .§
Re: Malcolm K. Little
Internal Security - Muslim Mosque, Inc.
The "New York Times", local New York City daily
newspaper dated December 21, 1964, contained an article
captioned, "Malcolm Favors a Mau Mau in U.S. -- At Harlem
Rally; He Urges Negroes to Even Score'". This article
in part stated that, "Malcdm X. the black nationalist leader:
declared yesterday that we need a Mau Man to win freedom
and equality for-Negroes in the United States.I
"He hailed the Mau Mau -- the antiwhite terrorists
active in Kenya before that country gained independence -- as
the greatest African freedom fighters, who would hold an
important place in history.
"He addressed a Harlem rally to support the Mississippi
Freedom Democratic party's challenge to the seating of Mississippi
all-white Representatives in Congress.
"Three hundred persons, about a third of them white,
attended the rally, in the Williams Institutional Church, at
2225 Seventh Avenue, near 131st Street.
"Malcolm X accused President Johnson, Vice President-elec
Hubert H. Humphrey and Mayor Wagner of playing the same game
as the Southern crackers.
I'm for anybody who is for freedom, Justice and
equality, he said. I'm against anybody who tells black people
to be nonviblent while nobody is telling white people to be
nonviolent. _
It is necessary to learn the right language to.
communicate with people, he said, adding: If the language
is a shotgun, get a shotgun. But don't waste time talking the
wrong language. &
. -r 9 53-ALL INFORMATION CONTAIMD /6 6 3 Z/-" 9/ ""' Q
HEREIN IS umcuxssnnao ENQLOBUR H W92TEJélb./L1_BY&L62JIé.4<JE%/ V V
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"The militant leader, wearing a small goatee, eyeglasses-
and a dark blue suit, asserted that freedom had to be taken, because
it could not be given. - .', e _
"Earlier this year, in a letter to a friend here, he
wrote from Mecca, Saudi Arabia, that he had renounced black racism
and had embraced the brotherhood of man, but his words yesterday
bristled with militanoy.
5' "Pointing his right forefinger vigorously and accusingly,
he said Justice demanded that he who kills by the sword shall be
killed by the sword. - _ _
A black man has the right to do whatever is necessary
to get his freedom, he said. He will never get it by nonviolence.
"Urging Negroes to even the score with whites, he
said: Let the Klan know we can do it, tit for tat, tit for tat.
We have brothers who are able, equipped and ready to do that.
"In -lnl-ssn Is--|4iIl¢-essays-s sglnnenu-alga-92r 1»-92:92 I9292B4I92OI_IIl92la; !§Ig¢92QrQ'||92 QBAB U116 GLl.UJ.Gll92...¢ bU92'.7¬.LI-Sui G: vUD¢J.I'<792.lo 1'1-UGMIUAII 4.0
gotten by ballots or bullets. These are the only two methods.
Either ballots or bul1et.'"
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captioned, "rumor: or Isunl, I8 - 1101," dated
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d-'§1t%F:ts?,I"l!ssell_92en,,.in:lorq,;t;ion,,.,_§vailable thus tar,
obviou IALCOLI LlTTLl:has taken steps to associate hisselt
with Iuslis religious groups, sons oi which are apparently
le:iti:=te and shich have headquarter: hesein foreign countries
such as Pakistan, Arabia and so forth. In vies-or this, the
_toll9wing leads are set iorth: - '
The Breau is requested to ' E iartrev es its tiles -
regarding the Iuslis Ibrld League, the American Canadian
Islamic led oration» the luelin Students Association, Uited States
and Canads; the International Iuslis Brotherhood, and the Islsmuc
Center in Iashington, 0.0. It is.hoped this revies sight furnish
iii inforiition that iouid assist in eocuisntini the nature and
structure or these groups. Chicago believes it is_isportant these
various groups be identitied as it is necessary that it he
detersined whether or not they are legitisate reli ions h th 3 w e eror not they are backed by foreign governments, and whether or not
they could be considered as det 1 - , . r mental to the best interests of theUnited Btetes. *
The Breau is requested,in addition,to £urnishi»g
Ehicago and other interested offices with any observations
they sa ha ardi a ious aitiliations oi! IALCOLI
LITTm 1tn what are apparently 'legiti1late-Ielanic organ za ons, I c may assist in the direction_ot z
investigative eiiorts. --- "
noses-"tor: Ottice is requested to closely zlollow
contacts or this t 'ype made by ILLCOLI LITTLI in an eftort to "
detersine his ultilltl plans and connections,~ In this resard
U503, Ree York is requested to consider the feasibility .5 an:
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The Philadelphia 0:I!1ce- ia requested to atteapt to:
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letherhood, Ull, the American Canadian Ielaa Iederation and .1:
the Inalia tudente Aaeociation, U81 - Canada, in an ettort to
determine it theae groupe are legitimate reltgionli their
peeaible aaggeiatiea pith ieyeiga gevexdgeata SQQ ehetnertgey would be con
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In Reply. Pkunlcfdb '. FEDERAL BUREAU OI INVESTIGATION
° 1§2§2;b2.-{';;,"1m c0NB§.£NTW-
MISCELLANEOUS
The tollowing organization are characterized in
latter pages
Nation oi Islam
Muslim Mosque, Inc.
Nation of Islam llosque #7
New York City
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Deleted under exernption al d _ _ with no segregabljehl
material available for release to you.
information pertained only to a third party with no reference to you or the subject of your request.
information pertained only to a third party. Your name is listed in the title only.
Document B! originating with the following government agency ies! _ E _
_g_ _ _ _ d _ ._ , was/were forwarded to them for direct response to you.
P-age s! referred for consultation to the following government agency ies!; _._.._.._?_i___
as the information originated with them. You will
be advised of availability upon of the mawrial e the FBI.
Pagelsl withheld for the following reason s!: '
For your information: g_ _ 7 I _
The following number is to be used for reference regarding these ageso no AW ">5 ?7l9~/u" Al/rt ?c¢ wieiié/:3 t "";2?~'_s'2 -LO _
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. : , 1,- ,1» 1.;_;_ H APPENDIX
NATION OF ISLAH, Formerly Referred
to as the Muslim Cult of Islam, ii .
gnhnmmidfs_Temples_of_!sl;m_H_m_"_:A
In January, 1957, a source advised ELIJAH MUHAMMAD has
described his organization on a nationwide basis as the "Nation
of Islam" and "Muhammad's Temples of Islam."
On May 3, 1964, a second source advised ELIJAH MUHAMMAD
is the national leader of the Nation of Islam N01!; Huhammad'i
Temple of Islam No. 2, 5335 South Greenwood Avenue, Chicago,
Illinois, is the national headquarters of the N01; and in mid-
l96O MUHAMMAD and other N01 oiiicials, when referring to
MUHAMMAD's organization on 2 nationwide basis, commenced using
either "Mosque" or "Temple" when mentioning one oi "Muhammad's
Temples of Islam."
The N01 is an all-Negro organization which was originally
organized in 1930 in Detroit, Michigan. MUHAMMAD claims to have
been selected by Allah, the Supreme Being, to lead the so-called _
Negro race out oi slavery in the wilderness of North America by
establishing an independent black nation in the United States.
Members following nUHAhMAD's teachings and his interpretation oi.
the "Koran" believe there is hq such thing as a Negro; that the
so-called Negroes are slaves of the white race, referred to as
"white devils," in the United States: and that the white race,
because of its exploitation of the so-called Negroes, must and
will be destroyed in the approaching "War of Armageddon."
In the past, officials and members of the NOI,including
HUUAIAAD, have refused to register under the provisions oi the
Selective Service Acts and have declared thhl members owe no
allegiance to the United States.
On may 5, 1958, the first source advised MUHAMMAD had,
upon civics oi legal counsel, tempered his personal statements , J
and instructions to his ministers concerning the principles of ~
his organization in order to avoid possible prosecution by the >.
Un~"z2 States Government; however, he did not indicate any funda-
méit-1 changes in the teachings of his organization.0 "H 1 1964 a third source advised .».:u11AinmtC@,92|HM,92j]'|A[_ H ~Y t »
earl, Ln July, 1058, decided to do-emphasize the religious
aspects of the teachings oi Islam and to stress the economic
benefits to be derived by those Negroes who JOiHBd the N01.
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APP§DIX
n,Us_LI_u__,h!Qs_Q,UEJ_ I1§¢_c22¢@¢;iH2 1
The March 13, 1965, edition of Inc New York Times,"
a daily newspaper published in New tork, new York, contained
an article on page 20 which indicated that M£LCOLM X LITTLE!,
former national ofiicial of tho Ration of Islam EDI! and
minister of K01 Hotque #7, low York, who hrcks.with the N01 on
march 8, 1964, publicly announced in New York City on March 12,
1954, that he had forccd_the Huslin Boaque, Incorporated UNI!.
Thc HUI, according to the nrricla, would to n broadly based
politically oriontod black nitionnliat movement for rgroes
only, financed by voluntary contributions. In this public
statement HJLCGLJ X urged Rsgroes-to abandon the doctrine of
non-violence when it is necessary to defend thcmselvcn in the
civil rights Struggle, and he also Sugget8d thct Ncgrocs form
-rifle clubs to protect their livos and property in times of .
emergencies in aroas where the government ia unable or unwilling
to protect them.
Incorporation papers of the E31 filcd on March 16,
1964, with the Businesn Section, Clerk of Courts, New York
County, New York, New Hark, roilect that the HM! was
incorporated under the Religious Corporation Law of tho State oi
New York to work for the imparting of the Islamic Faith and '
Islinic Religion in accordance with "accepted Islamic _
p"incip1es." The principhl place of worship to be located in
rue Borough of lnhattn, Now York, New York.
I}u:*ir. 1; 4:: 2-.ppea:.r;-amcc over RTE-'IeloviE.=ior., Clc we land,
hio, on April 7, 1964, HAL£LH X stated that the KHZ does not
stani for integration, but for complete irsodom, Juntice, and
equality for Hegrooc. Ho stated that I212: was tho religious
philosophy of the HHI, Whiln the political, economic and social
philosophy was black nationalism.
a confidential source advinrd that
the headquarters of the El arc located in Suite lid, hotel
Theresa, 2090 Seventh Avenue, New York City, where they were _ _
established on March 16, 1964.
1, ,On my 15, 1964,
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0: Hay 5, 1964, a smurca advised that ths Nation
of Islam HOE! affiliate in Riv York City is known as Hsque
#7, a1so_knc?n as Tumple #7, and is locatnd at 102 West 116th
Street, Ken York City. Masque #7 is part of the N01 headed by
ELIJAH EUHASHAD, with haadquartara in Chicago, Illinois.
Masque #7 has two branches; Basque #78 at L05-03 Nbrthern
Boulevard, Queens, Ntw York City, and'Hbsque|#7C at=120 Madison
Street,.Brd;k1?n, Ncw York; Tasa branchas are part of Mosque
#7.
Tbs date Hoaque #7 originated in New Yark City is
not Zncwn.
_££v:ver, in connactinu with the origin of £»sque #7,
it should h; nated that in 1953 a sacwnd snares advizid that
there was a ienple of tho'KOI known to source then 45 the
Huslim Cult ti Islam! in New York City, located at 135t Street
and 7th Avenue, as far back as 1947.
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On June 28, 1964, MALCOLM X LETTLE, founder and
leader of the Huslim Mosque, Incorporated HMI!, publicly
announced the formation oi a new; all Negro, militant civil
rights action group to be knctn as the Gr:@nization oi Airc-
American Unity OAAU!, with himself as Chairmen. This
annouhcement_wae made at a public rally held by the MM! in
the Audubon Ballroom, Broadway and 165th Street, New York City.
A printed and published statement of basic OAAU
y aims read by MALCOLM X at th1;.:weting indicates that it
shall include "ell" people of £iricnn descent in the Hcetern
Hemisphere, er cell as "our" brothera and sisters of the African
continent. It is petterned after the "letter and spirit" of the
Organization of African Unity eetablished by African heads of
States! at Addie Ahaba, Eth10pi£, in May, 1983.
A recording of the remarks of HALCOLH h at this
meeting indicetes that the aim of the OAAU is to elimitité
differences between Negroes so they can Pork together for
"human rights," while the initial objective is to "interneticnalize"
the American civil right: movement by taking it to the United
Nations. LITTLE condemned the non-violent civil righte movement
and claims that Negroes should be taught to protect themselves,
when and if necessery.' The 0530 will sponsor a program for Negroes
of education, politics, culture,;econcmice and social reform.
' On August 19, 196%, a confidertiel source advised
that the headquarters of the OAAU are located in um! headquarters,
Suite 128, Hotel Theresa, 2090 7th Avenuh, New York City.
This document contains neither recommendations nor
conclusions o£,the Federal Bureau oi Invoetiqetion. It is
the property of the Federal Bureau-of Investigation and is -
loaned to your agency; it and its contents are not to be dice j
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SUBJECT: onomrznnou or AFRO-AMERICAN mm! -
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B rsnsnu. seems or lnlvssrlcrrron
In Rvrl:-PI-vHv_II New York, New York -¥ -"""i December 22, 1964
11-1-:».n.. .
Organization of Afro-American Unity
Internal Security - Miscellaneous
Characterizations of the Grganization of
Afro-American Unity OAAU!, Muslim Mosque,
Incorporated MI!, and the Nation of
Islam NOI! are attached hereto and all
sources therein haze furnished reliable
information in the past. ' .
5.u!|_'92F4L5EL Lliat l CH6 z992i.iu i.1uHG|ll
Ballroom, Broadway an reet, New York City, from d'i,' 8:30 p.m. to 10:15 p.m., on December 20, 196R.
D ns attend . Approximately l75 perso ed the rally
.__ 4
- The meeting was opened by OAAU and ME member
' Sherren_Jackeon who introduced the featured speaker, "
Malcolm X Little, Chairman of the OAAU and leader of
theMMI.
Malcolm X spoke on Africa, particularly about
the natural resources and industrial potential of
that continent. He also stated that the economy of Western
Europe and America are dependent on Africa and would
collapse if their interests in Africa are lost. This, he
ALL INFORMATION commuzs" _
HEREIN ISIUMJLASSIFIED > / ADATE 4.-M4,/Q; Bfzq - "T15" -aw
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claimed, is why the United States and European coutriee
are interested in keeping their foothold in Africa by
supporting the Congo regime of Noise Tshombe. He
praised the Mau Mau, an anti-white terrorist group that
formerly operated in Kenya, and indicated that a Mau
Mau was needed in the United States to win freedom and
equality for Negroes. e also claimed that black people.
in America should align themselves with black people of
Africa.
Malcolm X also talked about the future of the
OAAU indicating
"alignment with
in this program
along this line
ffethat its new philosophy will be one of
Africa." He stated that the first step
will be to teach the Negroes to think
after which they can set u a definite
Malcolm X also remarked that he had been
asked if the newspaper, "The Militant", was his paper
since it gave him so much publicity. He stated that
it was not his paper but that it was a good paper and
he urged everyone to buy and read it.
"The Militant" is a weekly news aper492§ L92¢-an Q4-5545113 1-'¢e@92n4-algal I5.-.-,5-asU} DUB DUULGJ-J-ir ' !ll92=lB {Bitty 92§""O
- The SW? has been designated pursuant to
Executive Order 10550.
Following his speech Malcolm X intrMuce
- _§gn£1m~an attorney from Detroit, Michigan, who was an
wunsuccessful candidate there for an unknown office during
the 196% election of the all Negro Freedom New Party
Q Qqrhunnnpa AI nnnnlnl-Inqni Aeegeg Q-HQ Q1A4IIIAI92 QQ1.92al-IA; an: wnyawuuwu 92|l¢I-BB§_l[JUJ.Il92lIllBl>l92l 92|I¥U£ vuu Iuawuva-92.|u cu-mu
blamed the dlure of the FNP on the "established
politigal machine."
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Organization of Afro-American Unity -
. Malcolm X also introduced _Mrs_.~_F_a_nnie--I»o92b-u
__ 2 Ruleville, E-E-.esissippi, a leader c1"'the' ""'
Damoa.na.tic Ereedom Party Qf Mississippi. She spoke briefly
on their efforts to block the aq;ting'of Mssiesippi's .
five United States Representatives next Jamary, since,
as she claims, the five were not legally elected.
Musical entertainment at the rally was provided
by en all Negro choral group lcnmm as the "Freedom Singers.
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QBGA!1I_Zl92l11IQN,9F{_ Arno-_A.msn;;cAn mm Lqaaul
nn June QR- 1o6h- uarnntn 1 nrmmrn fnnndnr ldw-- w-cw w Q-[Ir V] ||g14.|'y92u@In J 3155.33, atria»!-Ivan Quit
leader of the Muslim Mosque, Incorporated MI!, publicly
announced the formation of a new, all Negro, militant civil
rights action group to be known as the Organization of Afro-
American Unity OAAU!, with himself as Chairman. This
announcement was made at a public rally held by the MMI
in the Audubon Ballroom, Boadway and 166th Street, New
York City. -
A printed and publiraed statement of basic OAAU
aims read by MALCOLM X at this meeting indicates that it
shall include "all" people of African descent in the
Western Hemisphere, as well as "our" brothers and sisters
on the African continent. It is patterned after the "letter
and spirit" of the Organization of African Unity established
by African heads of States! at Addie Ababa, Ethiopia, in
May. 1953.
A recording of the remarks of MALCOLM X at this
meeting indicates that the aim of the OAAU is to eliminate
differences between Negroes so they can work together for
"human rights," while the initial obJective is to
internationa1ize" the American civil rights movement by
taking it to the United Nations. LITTLE condemned the none"
violent civil rights movement and claims that Negroes should
be taught to protect themselves, when and if necessary.
The OAAU will sponsor a program for Negroes of education,
politics, culture, economics and social reform.
On August 19, 1963, a confidential source advised
that the headquarters of the OAAU are located in MI head~
quarters, Suite 128, Hotel Theresa, 2090 Tth Avenue, New York
City.
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1. APPENDIX t
NATION OF ISLAM, formerly
referred to as the Muslim 5
Cult of Islam, also known as
5uhsmsQ{!,T@mnl§s.9f I§l8_
In January, 1957, s source advised ELIJAH HUHA:gAD
has described his organization on s nationwide basis as e
"Nation of Islam," N01! and "Muhamad's Temples of Islam.
On May 8, 196 , a second source advised ELIJAH
MUHAMMAD is the national leader of the NOI; Muhammad's Temple
of Islam No. 2. 5335 South Greenwood Avenue, Chicago, Illinois,
th n tional headquarters of the N01; and in mid-1960, is e s
MUHAMAD and other NOI officials, when referring to MUHAMMAD'3
need using either organization on s nationwide basis, comme
"Mosque" or "Temple" when mentioning one of "Muhammad's
Temples of Islam."
The NOI is an all-Negro organization which was
originally organized in 1930 in Detroit, Michigan. MUHAMMAD
claims to have been selected by Allah, the Supreme Being,
to lead the so-called Negro race out of slavery in the wilder-
ness of North America by establishing an independent blacktion in the United States Members following MUHAMAD'S na .
i d his interpretation of the "Koran believe there teach ngs anis no such thing as a Negro; that the so-called Negroesnare
il in slaves of the white race, referred to as white dev s, __
the United States; and that the white race, because of its
exploitation of the so-called Negroes, must and will be
destroyed in the approaching "War or Armageddon."
In the past, officials and members of the NOI,
including MUHAMAD, have refused to register under the
provisions of the Selective Service Acts and have declared
that members owe no allegiance to the United States.
On M3? 5» 1953, the first source advised MUHAMAQ
had, upon advice of legal counsel, tempered his personal s
statements and instructions to his ministers concerning thQ<
principles of his organization in order to avoid possible ;
prosecution by the United States Government; however, hs_did'
not indicate any fundamental changes in the teachings of his
organization. '
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APPENDIX 1.
assign MOSQUE,_INCORPQ§ATED uni! '
The March 13, 196b, edition of "The New York Times,
a daily newspaper published in New York, New York, contained
an.article on page 20 which indicated that MALCOLM X LI'I'1I-B!,
former national official of the Nation of Islam NOI! who
broke with the NOI on March 8 196B, publicly announced inNew York City on March 12 19én, that he had formed the MuslimMosque, Incorporated MMIS. The MMI, according to the article
would be a broadly based politically oriented black nationalist
movement for Negroes only, financed by voluntary contributions.
In this public statement MALCOLM X urged Negroes to abandon
the doctrine of non-violence when it is necessary tc defend
themselves in the civil rights struggle, and he also suggested
that Negroes form rifle clubs to protect their lives and a
property in time of emergencies in areas where the govern-
ment is unable or unwilling to protect them. .
Incorporation papers of the MI filed on March l6,
196%, with the Business Section, Clerk of Courts, New York
County, New York, New York, reflect that the MI was
incorpcrated under the Religious Corporsticn Law cf the
State of New York to work for the imparting of the Islamic
Faith and Islamic Religion in accordance with "accepted
Islamic principals." The principal place of worship to be
located in the Borough of Manhattan, New York, New York. *
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g_,_ APPENDIX E"
NATION OF ISLAM, formerly
referred to as the Muslim
Cult of Islam, also known as ,
" hEm@adY!@T2WRl¢! Pf I°1a@e: ' .
On may 7, 196%, a third source advised Muhammad '
had, early in July, 1958, decided to de-emphasize the religious
aspects of the teachings of Islam and to stress the economic ' "
benefits to be derived by those Negroes who Joined the NOI..
This policy change, according to MUHAMMAD, would help him
acquire additional followers and create more interest in
his programs. _ _ -
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YTIGX. III IQ. IO III-lMAT It IDITIIGil B30. KI. OD. IIL!
Memorandum A
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DATE: 13/30/64 1' nxascron, FBI 00-39921! w
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---- ~--- ., ~%¥;..'.._ 'Q.A_- ... JJLTTLE
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.vbject appeared on th TPS 4" m " w on 12/23/64
at NYC which was reviewed by SA The LES
CRANE T! dhow begins at 11:30 p. -. un 1 a.m., Monday thru
Friday on Channel T, NYC. Subject was introduced as MALCOLM
X and appeared on the show for about 20 minutes. Important
parts about this interview are as follows:
when asked why he broke away from the NOI, MALCOLM
said that he did break away from the NOI but that the reasons
for breaking away would serve no purpose on this show. He said
he considered himself a true Muslim who believed in brotherhood
of all people where as the NOI Muslims do not believe in
brotherhood of anyone but Negroes. when asked why he preaches
that Negroes should take arms to protect themselves, NALCCLM
P = TOj?
L?law-4.
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Memorandum c.:....-
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SUBJECT: ALGOL! x L," T
INTERNLL SECURITY IUSLII IOSQUI,
92__ _ At a x 011 11:30 a.I., 12/29/64, Security _. visor ot our Philadelphia Oice called to-ii o that $ received to the eifect that Ialcoll
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which is broadcast over Radio Static: IDAS in
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Dear Mr. Hoover:
On Sunday night, December 20, 1964 at 11:00 . -
p. m; N. B. C. had a televised news program. Part of the '
program was a speech by a person who uses the alias -"Malcolm X" to an audicgce in Harlem.
"Malcolm X" used oifensive and irilamr_'.atory
language which i'f'pIiedThat'members of his group should
use "bu1lets not ballots" and that a "Mau-mau" organization
should be formed in Mississippi, Alabama and Harlem.
I would like to recommend that you obtain a
tape of this person's abusive speech. In my opinion the
speech contains sufficient grounds for an investigation.
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December 29, 1964
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Your letter of December 21st has been received, "
and I certainly appreciate your thoughtfulness in vnj-iting.
Enclosed is some matenat I hope yank will find
of interest.
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MARCO 4 ' -£l_Ed;I--.2 Hf. over
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c0gL~1f.i'-e .ALL INFORMATIOFES C I!:?|ET592lNEDM HEREIN I Ul' ULA SI53521;-1§;;t;'l£ Greatness [email protected]r'ae@1z-m»s@/
Time For Decision .-_'
U. S. News &. World Report 12-21-64 _ -'
1 - New York -
Attem SAC:
Tut.-3:1 _ __, _ I-"lr.r>nI __ 3' - .
Mohr ________ I I. _D-Lon-h .__ ' g r. , _ ¢ - , _ 5 >, - / ullqhu - ' _ Santa-i n _ I I J
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Date : 12/30/614 -
-;*;' Transmit the following in _ __ _ _ *_ ; -.H L "'I"1'r'pe x p1a£ntuFor cod?!
A vie ALHEEL v" '-' 7 T ** *i WYI [Priorffff
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'4 QQ/1:92his public appearances and nothing new took place.
L §Bureau RM'- _bot-h the Ford Hall F0ru.'-.. andH ' the radio snow !e11 into the usual format established by LITTLE
- OAAU! - HALCOLK LITTLE 1Q5:B999!
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. LE had visited Boston on 1
the Harvard University Ford Hall Forum at
Cambridge, Mass. He later appeared on the Jerry Williams
Radio Program, station WMEX, Boston The latterappearance was arranged for LINE t LI'I I'LE's
request. _
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LITTLE has twenty scholarships for a University in
Egypt, good for a two year period with all expenses paid.O 6
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countries 11 at his hone.
11: was hinted -ms
the Muslims and possibly
Dissemination to Boston files is being made by
separate memorandum,
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Information pertained only to a third party. Your name is listed in the title only.
Documentls! originating vvith ggpgiggagie azengl__ H 7 7 . was/were forwarded to them for direct re use to you.
Page s! referred for consultation to the following government agencylies!; ___¬.______._._._
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Pagelsl withheld for the following reason s!:
For your information: _ _ _ L _
The following number is to be used for reference regarding these pages:
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lnfonnation pertained only to a third party with no reference to you or the subiect of your request.
Information pertained only to a third party. Your name is listed in the title only.
Documents originated with another Government agency ies!. These documents were referred to that
agency/ ies! for review and direct response to you.
Pages contain information fumished by another Gvemment agency ies!. You will be advised by the FBI as
to the releasability of this information following our consultation with the other agency ies!.
Page s! withheld for the following reason s!:
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/0°-33ml!» @104 to
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ed ie one of In York teletype dated 1/6/65 Incloi
indicating that
Ior your information, Ialcoln Little is a fomer
llational official of the Iation of Islam. In larch, 1964, he
formed the Iuelia Ioeque, Incorporated, a broadly baaed black
nationalist movement, and in late June, 1984, formed a nonwhltie .
, civil rights action roup called the "Organization of Afro-' ' American Unity." Little recently returned from an extended visit
to Africa and in December made a abort trip to lngland. In
connection with hie activities, subject hu urged llegroee to
abandongall-1 znenviolence when it is neceslary to defend themselves
_ in the civil rightl struggle and hae suggested that iiegroee form
' rifle clubs to protect their liven and property in times of
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A1-1-0111;!-11-at-ill-IIIIIIIIIII
j-~ro= _ _DIREc'10R,FBI t_ .4 » 1:._'92FROM: _L sac, us»: YORK w
SUBJECT
746'
Enclosed herewith are the original and four copies of an I.P.'I-I, along with an equal number of evaluation nzemoranda,
dated and captioned as above
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Page a! withheld entirely at this location in the file. One or more of the following statements.
indicated, explain this deletion. 1 ""
Deleted under exe|nption a! ' at at E on c with no seglegablé
material available for release to you.
Information pertained only to a. third. party with no reference to you or the subject of your request.
Information pertained only to a third party. Your name is listed in the title only.
Documentisl originating with the following government agencyeel r _ _ c W _
__. _ __ ,_ or r -_ H , was/were forwarded to them for direct response to you.
Page s! referred for consultation to the following government agencyesl; ._.______._.__.___.__
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Page s! withheld for the following reaaon s!:
For your information: r _ ___ _ _ _ _gg _ E1
The following number is to be used for reference regarding these pages:
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An., _ '" ' New York New York - if-,5 w5R'1 "" Januar.v'8. 1965 F
92/
a meeting
was held at
, New York City,
approximatelyor the
the Audubon Ballroom,
on December 13, 1964.
2 O00 persons were inJ
an omuon December 13, 1964 at the Audubon BallrqOm,
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This document contains neither reccr.m~.endatic:":s '
nor conclusions of the FBI. It is the prope;-,-by 1
-_._ ._..._. ;____7_ _____._ --+ - ---_______ i
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4' A characterization of the OAAU is located in the
j_ Appendix.|_,.;{ .
KR.
I-in5' .4'. -1' -92
eh A eharadnrization of the May 2nd Committee isQ5 located in the Appendix.
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_J;_._ APPENDIX 4;;-,,92%~,~;A,_. _ 1%
Q3 GANIZNPIQN OF. .AE39_i°1MEeR1cAN 7 WHY Q3531
O June 28, 1964, MALCOLM X LITTLE, founder and
announced the formation of a new, all Negro, militant civil
rights action group to be known as the Organization or Afro-
American Unity OAAU!, with himself as Chairman. This
announcement was made at a public rally held by the MMI
in the Audubon Ballroom, Boadway and 166th Street, New
York City.
A printed and published statement of basic OAAU
aims read by MALCOLM X at this meeting indicates that it
shall include "all" people of African descent in the
western Hemisphere, as well as "our" brothers and sisters
on the African continent. It is patterned after the "letter
and spirit" of the Organization of African Unity established
by African heads of States! at Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, in
May, 1963.
A recording of the remarks of MALCOLM X at this
meeting indicates that the aim of the OAAU is to eliminate
differences between Negroes so they can work together for
"human rights," while the initial objective is to
"internationalize" the American civil rights movement by
taking it to the United Nations. LITTLE condemned the non-"
violent civil rights movement and claims that Negroes should
be taught to protect themselves, when and if necessary. -
The OAAU will sponsor a program for Negroes of education,
politics, culture, economics and social reform.
On August 19, 196b, r confidential source advised
that the headquarters of the OAAU are located in MI head-
quarters, Suite 128, Hotel Theresa, @096 7th Avenue, New York
City.
nu" leader or the Muslim Mosque, Incorporated MMI!, publicly p
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MAY 2nd cognlwgas _
A source advised on April 17, 1964 that the May
2nd Committee was organized at New Haven, Connecticut on
March 14, 196b, by young people participating in the Yale
Socialist Union Conference "Socialism in America". The
original aim of the May 2nd Committee was to plan and
execute a demonstration in New York City on May 2, 1952to demand withdrawal of United States troops from SouthVie Nam. '
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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF Jb:iTICE
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
New York, New York
January 8, 1965
192-.0. J.-% u.lr _+¢r*;<;" . "
CONFID§¬2;§L _
Reference is made to the memorandum dated and
r: above.
This document contains neither recommendations
nor conclusions of the FBI. It is the property
of the FBI and is loaned to your ag;ncy; it and . =
its contents are not to be distributed outside ;
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W#'*i#U URGLCONF nLTIAL
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UNIT 1 STATES DEPARTMENT OF IUNJCE
rzneluu. IIJIEAU or lnvlstrcnlou
New York, New York
January 14,1965
MN BUf!.1Q 100-389321
NYf11O 105- 999
SUBJECT:
REFERENCE:
only specied!:
Res idence:Memorandum dated 6/s/en.
Employment: Founder and Leader, Muslim Mosque, Inc QIMLQ, and Founder and Chairman of Qrganieanon
or Afro-American Unity, GNU!: 5"-1-15¢ 123
2090 Seventh Avenue, New York, New York
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.»"_, 23° V-'-- ' . A, I 92This A at contains neither rcconvnendationl nor conclusions of the FBI. It ll the properly of the F anin __ eQ"rogonBagency; it and in contents are not to be distributed outside your agency.4 F E v -4 6ALL INFORMATION CONTAINED
HEREIN IS, UN}JLA§SI'r'|ED
DATE&2;d£a,Zi3.BY?4.41mV¢u:I/I
NI1;E ~-I V Referenced communication contained subject's residence and/or employment
address. A recent change has been determined and is being set forth below change
in
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UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT
MemorandumI. .
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TO = m~==<--rB11B-1-- 100-399,321 I one 1/14/65
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sun_]ac'r=new YORK o5- 8999!
0: new YORK!
I [3 It in recommended that e Security
I Index Card be prepared on the
/"' above-captioned individual.
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£6.00MALCOLM K.""I.ITTLE /21 '9 ht
IS c f
[E The Security Index Card on the
captioned individual should be
chen d follo ie as we specify
change onlyi:
-JNeme__, ,.,
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K_ 92_
Aliases_ 92
Add: M . /KHALIL
f_ .-I [:| Native Born [:1 Neturslized Q Alien
iI |:| Communist [I] Socieliet Workers Party U Independent Socialist League I
{:1 Miscellaneous r-pww _ 9 es i _ I
I _ 19* " * an. * 3.. * E E "" We
I C] Tab for Detcom [:] Mela [:1 Femqlg
i Business Address snow name of employir] concern and ad::l|'eei! if 7 ' i
E Founder and Leader, Muslim Mosque, Inc . MMI! , and Founder
& Chairman of Organization of Afro-Ame rican Unity, OAAU! »
Suite 128, Hotel Theresa, 2090 7th Avenue
New York, New York
Geographical Reference Number _ , K _ V _ , , ,_ _ ResponsibilityJ _- ,___ ' _ W __ __ _,___ _ ,_ __ _, l
Key Facility Date 1
Interested Agencies __ , W J I'1
92 .Residence Addreun KmmRMHé
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MEMORANDUM
1'9 , nxnscron, FBI 00-399321!
l 7 .- I/Vm. u/{iTfH0M g SIG, NEW YORK 05-8999! DATE:]_/15/65
. lr 1r .T.;iI A- SUBJECT; MALCOLM K."LI'I'I'LE Awmmnmimcrmem
aka. um FIE!-D on ' I'""'~
IS;hn{[ r*v'nwF2?
S15!'P S!Ol'
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" ' The article on MALCOLM x in the Chinese
New China News Agency was furnished by
General, H0118 K0118 B.C.C. set out in LHI--1 asv-- _, ,4C
LI-[M is being classified "Secret" in view of the
fact that information contained in said LI-[M was taken from
CIA communication classified "Secret"..- 1* J 1 '1 11- 6&5' /f7-.¬J/ Q f O6! -.1";_ _ Burea Encl .7! RM! Dams. W r". go1%; %22l-{IN-t2235! OAAU! @4,C/9% _ ,70 J5007 /5 'V 1-.100-152759 MMI! / 9%;//2 §%: /=" ~
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. xUBCED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JIEIICE
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
New York, New York
JANUARY 15, 1965
Syg
Malcolm K. Little
Internal Security - Muiim Mosque, Inc.
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SECRET 92
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Qk This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusion!
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your agency; it and its contents are not tobe distributed
outside your agency.E T vel-54"3J=
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FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGIITIUII
FOIPI DELETED PAGE INFOIIIMTIOII SHEET
Page s! withheld entirely at this location in the le. One or more of the following statements, where
indieatedi explain this deletion, t
Deleted under exemption s! _, with H0 segregable
material available for release to you.
information pertained only to a third party with no reference to you or the subject of your request.
lnfortnation pertained only to a third party. Your name is listed in the title only.
Documents originated with another Government agency ies!. These documents were referred to that
agency ies! for review and direct response to you.
Pages contain information Furnished by another Government agency ies!. You will be advised by the FBI as
to the releasnbility of this information following our consultation with the other ageney les!.
Page s! withheld for the following reason s!:
For your information: i :_ .__
The following number is to be used for reference regarding these pages:/an /923"?'?J,aQ1/"; /1 ?'¢jx.E,g,4./ ,3 _ 5
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DELETEDPAGE6! §no oupucnrton FEE X
FOR THIS PAGE X
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3 ¢@p'o£ we .,....nese Gomzmlnist New China Ne:-.'e Agency NCNAJS at I-long Kong, B.C.C., contained an article captioned
American Negro Leader Hails China's Nuclear Test". This
article da'l5e1ined"Accra. ll/5/61+" states "Malcolm x, the
American Negro leader now on a visit here, today hailedChirsis successful explosion o its first atom bomb as the U
greatest thing that has ever hap ened in the 20 h centuryto the black peop1e.UA!f|u, Wig. -206$» /8//72%
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Malcolm K. Little _
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"In an interview with noun here he said -.2 "
that China's nuclear test helped not only the cause , i
of the Afro-Americans, but also that of all people ' ;
of the world fighting against the imperialists. }
I
"He praised the Chinese Government's proposal M
for a world summit conference to discuss the complete ?
prohibition and thorough destruction of nuclear weapons.It was indeed a very good suggestion, he said. i
H EReferring to the present struggle of the American
Negroes in the firm support given to this struggle by ;
the Chinese people, he said that the United States .
imperialists would never lose their grip on the 22 million
colonized American Negroes before the peoples of 5
Asia and Africa cast off the yoke of imperialism and 1
become strong. Bearing this in mind, we therefore
appreciate the great strides that the Chinese people
have made towards true independence in the unlimited rcontribution they are making to help the oppressed peoples &Jl
in other parts of the world to throw off the chains of
imperialism.
"He termed the recent President election
as a 'farce' which he said hardly had any significance
to the American Negroes. Both candidates do not seek 1
the interests of the Afro-Americans, he declared.
"There is no difference between Johnson and
Goldwater, he continued, for both serve the interests
of United States monopoly capital. The only difference
between them is that while the one uses the method of
a wolf, the other employs the approach of a fox. Both
of them are trying to eat us up, he added.
"Johnson tried to represent himself as peace
loving, but he was the very man who had ordered direct I
intervention in Leopoldville, Congo, massacred the South I
Vietnamese people and committed atrocities in other parts,
ofthe world, he commented. ;
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Malcolm K. Little
"Commenting on the so called Civil Rights Bi11~
of which Johnson has made a great show} the American Negro
leader said It is nothing but a farce designed to
fool the Africans, to give them the false impression
the the United States is different from South Africa and
that the problems of racial discrimination! in
the United States are being solved. He drew attention
to the fact that many Negroes in the United States were
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?' TMalcolm K. Little $62" ;5; APPENDIX
sip°R§!@NIZP*E¥9'__ BF AFR°:*°:@RI¢!i.1*' UEITY QEAQ!. W
On June 28, 1964, MALCOLM X LITTLE; founder and
leader of the Muslim Mosque, Incorporated MMI!, publicly
announced the formation of a new, all Negro, militant civil
rights action group to be known as the Organization or Afro
American Unity OAAU!, with himself as Chairman. This
announcement was made at a public rally held by the MMI
in the Audubon Ballroom, Broadway and 166th Street, New
York City.
A printed and published statement of basic OAAU
aims read by MALCOLM X at this meeting indicates that it
shall include "all" people of African descent in the
Western Hemisphere, as well as "our" brothers and sisters
on the African continent. It is patterned after the "letter
and spirit" of the Organization of African Unity established
by African heads of States! at Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, in
May, 1963.
_ A recording of the remarks of MALCOUM X at this
meeting indicates that the aim of the OAAU is to eliminate
i:§;::e::;:,2*§"::*;1§*%;:*:,::1:*;*z;r::;;::*z:°%:* "
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"internationalize" the American civil rights movement by
taking it to the United Nations. LITTLE condemned the non-
violent civil rights movement and claims that Negroes should
be taught to protect themselves, when and if necessary.
The OAAU will sponsor a program for Negroes of education,
politics, culture, economics and social reform.
On August 19, 1964, a confidential source advised
that the headquarters of the OAAU are located in MI head-
quarters, Suite 128, Hotel Theresa, 2090 Tth Avenue, New York
City.
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1. , APPENDIX~- ' aits
!H§§¥No!Q3QU§i.I!¢9E?93&!3P. M!Il 9 E
The March 13, 195%, edition of "The New York Timeltfi
a daily newspaper published in New York, New York, contained
an article on page 20 which indicated that MALCOLM x LITTLE!,
former national official of the Nation of Islam N01! who
broke with the NOI on March B, 1964, publicly announced in
New York City on March 12 1964, that he had formed the MuslimMosque, Incorporated MMIs. The MMI, according to the article
would be a broadly based politically oriented black nationalist
movement for Negroes only, financed by voluntary contributions.
In this public statement MALCOLM X urged Negroes to abandon
the doctrine of non-violence when it is necessary to defend
themselves in the civil rights struggle, and he also suggested
that Negroes form rifle clubs to protect their lives and
property in time of emergencies in areas where the govern-
ment is unable or unwilling to protect them.
__ Incorporation papers of the MMI filed on March 16,
1964, with the Business Section, Clerk of Courts, New York
County, New York, New York, reflect that the MMI was
incorporated under the Religious Corporation Law of the
State of New York to work for the imparting of the Islamic
Faith and Islamic Religion in accordance with "accepted
Islamic principals." The principal place of worship to be
located in the Borough of Manhattan, New York, New York.
The May 23, 196M, edition of the "New York_
Amsterdam News," a weekly Negro newspaper published in
New York City, contained an article by columnist JAMS
BOOKER in which he indicated that he had heard that the
visit by MALCOLM X with Muslim leaders during his African
tour has changed him to become soft in his antiwhite
feelings and to become more religious.
On October 6, l96h, a confidential source advised
that the MMI is apparently affiliated with the true orthodox
Islamic Religion through its affiliation with the Islamic
Foundation of New York!, 1 Riverside Drive, New York City. j
The only teachings of the MMI are on the Islamic Religion. .
_ A second confidential source advised on October 20,
196R, that the headquarters of the MI are located in Suite
128, Hotel Theresa, 2090 Seventh Avenue, New York, New York,
where they were established on March 16, 196R. These head-
quarters are shared with the Organization of Afro-American
Unity OAAU! which is also headed by MALCOLM X.
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m : Director, FBI 00-399321! 9*"-= 1./11/65
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SUBJECT: :igLE0:IK CON LNTUM
Remylet 12/9/s4 . xl
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tmrrorihed fro-: 0. t.v. tele'..ipl~one recorling
'E.ITE..'iC'1' F301-I GALLERY
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reeoried fro: trenszission 2215 . 31!! Dlebll 1964
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lL'.LO0I-1&1: .... You nskewpoint, thstsslongelaehitensn
does it it's all ri§1t -- I. hls nan is supposed to have n.o feelings.
imizusz! an men . alien can strikes heck he's -m extremist; he'ssllppolei to sit pnsféiz end lave no feelings, he non-violent, andlove his one-cw - no - Elsi oi sttnck, he it verhel our othcreise, he's
:u;;-,osed to take it. But if he star-dz. up at is en," -ey tries to arena.
hinself, 1»-., he, he, hs, than he: s.n extremist. nrruuss! Io, I
think that the speaker who preceded no in getting exactly whet he asked
for. $3 reason for believing in ertrenisn, intelligently directed
extrenisn, ertreais: in defence oi liberty, extrezzisz: in quest of justice,
is because I nly believe in qy heart that the day that the black nan
takes an uncompromising step and realises that he is within nil 1'l.@.|§I -
ehen his own tree-lo: is being jeoper-iisei - to use any nesns neeesssry
to bring about his freedom, will put a halt to that injustice -- I don't
think he'll be by hizaelf. I live in Lnerics where there are only
twenty-two-million blacks against trobebly a hundred-and-sixty-million
whites. One of the reasons that Us in no way reluctant or hesitant to
do whatever is necessary to see that hlscl people do something to protect
thezselves -- I honestly helieve that the day that they dxnnny whites
will have more respect for then, 1-nix that there'11 be sore whites on their
side the-.2: are now on their side ritn these little einhy-Issby l:we-thy-
anew approach that they've been using up to nor. And ii I'm wrong then
you are rncisliets. APPLAUSB!
is I said earlier in cw conclusion, I'n e Ilcelem I
believe in the religion oi Islmg I believe in Allah, I believe inliohssz-nei, I believe in all oi the pro-hsés. I believe in 1s.eting, prayer,charity, ant! that which is incuznhent/é lbslen to Ihlfil in order to be
n lbelnn. In April I ms fortunate to nu-Jae the Hoj to Recon, and sent
hack again in Septenher, to try and carry out 1;»; religious runctions end.
requirements. But at the sane tine that I believe in that religion, I
have to point out that I: also an Anericnn negro, and I live it. society
whose social syst is based njon the castration oi the black men, whose
political systan is based on castration oi the bled nsn, -16 Ihole
econoqy is based upon the castration of the block nan. 1 society which
1-I 1954 1138 more subtle, eceptive, deceitful methods to make the rest of
the world think thst it's cleaning up its house, Ihile st the sane tine
the ssae things ore happening to us in 1964 that happened in 1954; 1924
II-Dd in 1934 - they cane up with whet they call s Civil R:l.§1ts B111 in
1964, supposedly to solve our problem, and after the Bill was sigxed
three civil rights eorkers eere -."sI.=.riere'.! in cold hlooie he me !',5,Ii
head - Hoover - adnitl that they knew who did it, they've lmomenz since
it ha1=:>ened,e-A they've dons nothing about it. Civil Rights sin don
__._- ,__ths drain. No mtter hon may Pills $12!, black people in that em-,r..-,,
I
I
1where I'n tron, still - our lives are not worth two cents. And tho?-
gowment has she:-_-1 its inability, 01' either its umrillingnese to lo
whatever is neoess-I17 to protest life end property where the bl.-in Lnsrioen
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is concerned. So w contention is that whenever s people cone to the
conclusion that the government shich they have supported proves itselfunwilling, or proves itself unable to 01-1: lives and protect our
property because have the srong colour in; us are not human 'bsin@
unless so ourselves band together and do whatever, however, Ihensver
is necesseuq to see that our lives and our property is protected. ind
I doubt that am person in here would refuse to do the same thing were
heinthesanspositirs:-- orlshouldsayuershsinthe sans condition.
amuse!
Just one step farther to see an 1 justified in this
stand. And I say 1'1: not speaking - I'o speaking as a black nan from
inerios, shich is a racist society - no matter hon ouch you hear
talk about de::oc-racy, it's as racist as South Axrioa, or ' as racist
as Portugal, or as racist as any other racislist society on this es.rth.
The only difference between it and South Africa, Booth Lfrioa preaches
sepsmtion and practices separations America preaches integration and
practices segregation this is the only difference - they don't practice
what they preach. Uhereas South Africa preaches and practices the sane
thing. I have non respect for a nan sho lets ne know where he stands -
evenifhe's wrong, than onewho conesup likeanangel, audisnothing
but s devil. :.2PL.-zoss!
The syste: of government that Anerica has consists
of oozzoittees. LAUGETEEZ! There are sixteen senatorial committees that
govern the country, and twenty congressional. cozznittees. Ten of the
sixteen senatorial co-.51 ttees are in the hands of southern racialists -
senators who were racislists. Thirteen of the toenty'-- this was before
the last election, and I think it's even rore so nor - ten of tne sixteen
co-_:.ittes - senatorial co:::itteus - are in the hands of senators who
are southern racislists; thirteen of the twenty cong-essional oooaittees
were in the hands of southern congressmen who were T3018-lits Vhida meansthat out oi the thJ_,1~%-sir oznittees that govem the foreign and domesticdirection of that/53 gtyggmee are in the Lanis oi southern racialists|
nen who in no tray believe in the equality of nen; and nen who'll do
anything within their pore: to see that the black nan never gets to the
sans seat or to the sane level that they're on. The reason that these
nen, P1-on that area, have that type of poser is because America has a
seniority systez. .'.nd these who have that seniority have been there
longer than anyone else because the black people in the areas shore they
live can't vote. And it is only because the black nan is deprivet. of his
vote that puts these nen in positions of power, that gives than such
influence in the poverment beyond their actual intellectual or political
ability, or even beyond the number of people fro: the areas that they
represent. So we have - re can see in that country that no matter shat
the Federal Government professes to be doing the power of the FederalGovernment lies in these cocmitteesg and sxqtine a black nan, or any Hm
of legislation is proposed to benefit the black nan or give the blur,-it nan
his just due, re ftzd that it's locked up in these soozittees right here.
ind when they let sonething through the oo:.uittee,1:susJ.1y it is so
trapped up and fixed up that by the time it becomes law, it's a law that
Imt be sinful-oed. Another cxanplc is the Supreme Court's B8is¢j¢gnl§|'au
decision that was handed down in 1954. This is a law; and this law;-they
have not been ahle to iv--slcnent this law in New York City, or in Boston,
or in ieveland, or Chicago, or tho northern cities.
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northerrsostChicago or th- northern cities. Ln: o;; contention 18 thlt
have n ccunti-3', luppose-:11;-' n denooncf, nuppoleily the 1.15:. e!
the hone oi the I:-rnve one. it oen't enioro-2 11.1.1-1., oven in the
ocsmopolitar. an} progressive pert of it that '.-ill bemfil I
hlnokman -- if thoeo 1.-'* rl o.-.nt be enforced or thlt la". can't be enforcet,
ho-.' much heart do you think we will got when thq; pee: some civil rights
legislation which onJ,;: iGVC1Vu more 19:. If the;'onnt enforce this la"
they'll never enforce tuner. lane.
So m;-' contention in that we ere focei with e racieliltio
nooiety, n moiety in '.-.'.io.'. their are deceitful, deceptive and the only I9:
no oen hrirg ebovt 2. ohngc. in to talk the kind of long-3.1336, to speak the
language that they unalerstr-.n;I. The recielista never understand e
peaceful language. Th: rocializt never unlorstms tho nonviolent
lengazngc.
four-l1.|:n'..'_-ed
the ones who
bee-:'.:l: no ..The reeielist no have he: epdeen hie language to ue for
years. Te have been tho victim of his brutality. Ie are
inoa his :'.c_-2 that tear the flesh fro: cu: limbs. Only
to enforce the Sup:-eon Court: deciion. 110 are the
ones 211;: have eimll crushed - not by the In Klur flan, but by
pclicozen, only been-.:!:. so nnnt to enforce whet they coll the Supt.-mo Court
C801-iillo
3e are the ones upon who: water hclza are turned with
presume no hnri that it rips the clothes from our bnck8 - not men but tho
clothes fro:
Onl;-' becausethe back! of m:::-r. and children. You've ezon it yourself.
we rant to L:-.fr1'ce that they call th-. In. Well am time
you live in n sooietf sr.:;"-pose-:.1y beset upon law an! it doesn't enforce its
own lat": because the colour of n man's sk:'.r. ht-ppens ta he wrong, than I no.3-'
tn;-ac. pa: ;1o are ;justifi;2 to resort to any means necessrm;-' to h:in5 about
justice -.-.'hc-re tho Gov-;rr;.-_r:t can't gin the: justice. .'.PPL..USE_3
believe thatI don't bclieve in erg form of unjustified extrazisn but I
when a nan is exercising ecztremisnra humor: being, he:
5:;-iroieing extranis: ir. ".o1'tnco of liberty for human beings. It'I no vice.
112:. when one is noizrote in the pursuit of justice for hunan beings I think
ho'l n sinner. and I night add, LU conclusion, in feat eoericeh
one of the bent exacplos when you read its hiltor;-' about extremism. 01:.
Patrick Henry eaiz. "1il:.:2t;.' or death that: extr:.m.:,__v.;1-y art;-emu,
I roar. once, 1-assiraglg,-, about u nan ' named Shakespeare." I
onl;-' road about hi: p:'.se:'.::;l;<', but I resozhor one thin; he wrote that kind
of moved ne. He put it in the mouth of Hnulet, I think it nae, who leis.
To be or not to be". He :55 in doubt about something. Nether it was
noblor in the mini of :31: to suffer the slings and er:-one of outrageous
fortune in moderation, or to take up ams against t:.:. see. of troubles by
op_.-cling, - ~92n':l;'.n3. An; I go for that. If yon take up arms you'll end
it but if you nit arou:-.i ar.;'. -.-:it for the one who's in power to make up his
mini that heahculi end it, you'll he uniting n 1cn;_' tine.
.'...! 1.- .1. __--J_J-._ LL --__.1._.= ___._.___1..e__ -.n .|__1..._ 92_1__92_nnu, -|.;A J: L_.J.h-L!-I4, BUB your!; 5§F.92'-IBILCH U1 "I-nl|II' U185,
brown, ':.";.:.teve: else there is, you're living at n time of axtremilu, I time
o1' 1-evolution, e tin; ':h;n there: got to be n change. People in per.-er
have u;!.eu8e'3
be built andit and nc" ti-.:.;'o has to be I change uni n better world blit-
the only it: going to be built is with extreme mathcdl on!
I, for one, will join ir. '.-.it... anfc-ne -- I don't care 1.h::t colour you erg at
lo:-.5 ns ;.'o'." lsnt to cl.ar.:- this uieernble ocndition that exists on toil
earth. Thank you. .1-;"1..".'.1es!
F53
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FEDEIIIL BUREAU OF IIIVESTIGITIOII
FUIPI DELETED FIGE IIIFUIIIITHIU $l'lEET
Pagelsl withheld entirely at this location in the le. One or more of the following statements,
indicated, explain this deletion. l _
Deleted under exemptionisl with 11° 3981988519
material available for release to you.
lnforrnation pertained only to a third party with no reference to you or the subject of your request.
information pertained only to a third party. Your name is listed in the title oniy.
Document s! originating with 'nie a.P_propr-iaic a iengj
t _______t t_ , was/were forwarded to them for direct re use to you.
Pageis! referred for consultation to the following government agency ies!; _Iil-
_ __ E W D as the infonnation originated with them. You will
be advised of availability upon return of the material to the FBI.
Pagets! withheld for the following reason s!:
For your information: __ y ___ t __
The following number is to be used for reference regarding these pages:L0Q:ifZZ_3=1/ - 52 LQ to
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Date: 1/15/55.Ci
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Mr. Be-lmont__ g
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Mr. DeLm:ch___
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Bureau RH!
2 - New York 058999! RH!
1 - Chica 0 100-33953
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DIRECTOR, FBI 00-399321!
SAC, CHEQAGO 00-33953!J .summer; nmncomr i.1'1'r:.s, aka woo ENT92AL
IS - mu
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He! York should approprhtely advise the Bureau Q:
Chicago all known information developed regarding the above.Chicago has o ed information other than the above;however, alerted and the Bureau and New York92 I111 appro e y a v sed of any developments in this 92
regard. L ?y7 K LA;92 9
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UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT .-
Memorandum
To = DIRECTOR, FBI 00-442235! nun: 1/18/65
new = sac, BOSTON 00-35816!
suajacrrz ORGANIZATION OF AFRO-AMERICAN UNITY
IS OAAU
I /Re Bureau 6-17 dated 1/4/65 and Boston
airtel to Bureau dated 12/3Q/6h.
Enclosed for the Bureau are eight
copies of a letterhead memorandum concerning.
the matter set out in referenced Boston airtel.
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Copies of this letterhead memorandum
are being disseminated to New York, Chicago and
Philadelphia duo to their interest in this matter.
A copy is being disseminated locally to the lO8th
S. Army.
Z Bureau
OAAU! Enos. 8!
Afro Desqendants Uplift Society! Enc. 1!
" c
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ADUC! End. l!
cam! ant-. 1!
Malcolm Little! Enc. 1! .
aH: 7 "1 : - .-..... _____ _.
FEB Y1 1§s?Tf_@i i,1__--,,,-.j,--., -_ Ciucaggnu Enc 1 Vi-Q /3g {Anus} Enc: 1 1"°'¬R* *'1°RPEP
2 Philadelphia Info 93 JAN 251955
- ADUS! Enc. 1
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'F;'-i";~.;_».!{.g.1' FEDERAL BURELU OI INVESTIGATION
In Reply Pill-It Rddb
January 18, 1965 Tip
ORGANIZATION or AFRO-AMERICAN tmrrv
I*l~lfTE7R*l~I592il5*_SEiC1URITY - _o5cA1q,Iz.wI0n or AFRO;-AMERICAN UNIT]!
L$v!sited Boston on gcemger 1% to rti pa -cipate in the Harvard University Ford Hall Forum at
Cambridge, Massachusetts. He later appeared on the Jerry
Williams Radio Program, station WMEX, Boston, Massachusetts.
stated that both the Ford Hall
Forum and the radio show fell into the usual format
established by Little in his public appearances and nothing
npm 'l-An]: MTQAQ GI vvvn. ymnuc.L17,
ttle was
representative of Elijah Muhammad who fell_into disfavor.,>with Elijah Muhammad and formed his own group known as;theF
Organization or Afro-American Unity.,_{,s.'1.,cpar,aeterization '
of the Nation of Islam and the 0rganizat1oo£ Afro--- ,f
American Unity are found in the appendix attached hereto.
nittle has a foreign
born Muslim rom one of t e frican countries living at
his home. This person has been sent to New York to
hel Litt e se p 1 t up his mosque in New Yor1<. . at
, 'Mh¬ 5$471 ° 5%1,=-.*§ Mt;- ". <1 - -I [6-" I"; ' 1-/70 J /xi I.';'.uiuc;a4J..!.3,"'0m "!.'l1to:2.t'ic1/? '- 8 . ..£-v;..~.;»-;-;e~I-1:541-2-and 1 " <1; : ;'_~.-..si,~~r.-=11:-=31-4
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ORGANIZATION or AFRO-AMERICAN UNITY .
INTERNA*L__SECURIfI'Y p-noncgnizgpxon or AFRO-AMERICAN unmr .
and Bostcrn
Little has twenty snolarships for a university
in Egypt good for a two-year period with all expenses
r paid.
This document contains neither recommendations
nor conclusions of the FBI. It is the property of the
FBI and is loaned to your agency; it and its contents
are not to be distributed outside your agency.
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Organization c- "*-American Unity
,
1 . APPENDIX ,
oncAszza_rI9N q1={_;.F_ao¢ Ama_IcA;l j.';~;I}1jr _@aAu!_
On June 28, 1961+, runcom x LITTLE, founder and. 'leader of the Muslim Mosque, Incorporated MMI!, publicly , Q
announced the formation of a new, all Negro, militant civil
rights action group to.be known as the Organization of Arrow
American Unity OAAU!, with himself as chairman. This
announcement was made at a public rally held by the MMI
in the Audubon Ballroom, Broadway and 166th Street, New
York City.
- A printed and-published statement of basic OAAU
aims read by MALCOLM X at this meeting indicates that it
shall include "ell" people of African descent in the
Western Hemisphere, as well-as "our" brothers and sisters
on the African continent. It is patterned after the "letter
and spirit of the Organization of African Unity established
by African heads of States! at Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, in
Fay! o
A recording of the remarks of MALCOLM X at this -
meeting indicates that the aim of the OAAU is to eliminate
differences between Negroes so they can work together for
"human rights," while the initial objective is to
"internationalize" the American civil rights movement by-
taking it to the United Nations. LITTLE condemned the non-
violent civil rights movement and claims that Negroes should
be taught to protect themselves, when and if necessary.
The OAAU will sponsor a program for Negroes of education,
politics, culture, economics and social reform.
On August 19, 1964, a confidential source advised .
that the headquarters of the OAAU are located in MMI head-
quarters, Suite 128, Hotel Theresa, 2090 7th.Avenue, New York
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1. APPENDIX
NATION OP ISLAM, formerly
referred to as the Muslim ,
Cult of Islam, also known as
Mphamm§d[s Temples of Islam_ O;.'7*
L»
I S
In January, 1957, a source advised ELIJAH IAMMNli~
has described his organization on a nationwide basis as the'
"Nation of Islam," NOI! and "Muhammad's'Temples of Islam."
On May 8, 1964, a second source advised ELIJAH
MUHAMMAD is the national leader of the NOI; Muhammad's Temple
of Islam No. 2, 5335 South Greenwood Avenue, Chicago, Illinois,_ is the national headquarters of the NOI; and in mide196O,
MUHAMMAD and other NOIofficials, when referring to MUHAMMAD'3organization on a nationwide basis, commenced using either
-P ll: _ u. .... .-n .... u -..- -0 ... .... ...... ...... ...... ...uoquu ur Tcmplc when mcu$1uu1u5 v33 Ga
-.-. 1|Temples or Islam. -9292nQvmInI92 A Q'J1l§lll92uClQ Y
The NOI is an all-Negro organization which was
originally organized in 1930 in Detroit, Michigan. MUHAMMAD
ims to have been selected by Allah, the Suoreme Being,C.-.3 Iv _
to lead the so-called Negro race out of slavery in the wilder-
i d endent black ness of North America by establishing an n epnation in the United States. Members following
teachings and his interpretation of the "Koran'
is no such thing as a Negro; that the so-called
é, referred to as "white
that the white race, because of its
called Negroes, must and will be
ching "war of Armageddon."' slaves of the white rac
the United States; and
exploitation of the so-
destroyed in the approa
In the past, officials and members
including MUHAMMAD, have refused to register
provisions of the Selective Service Acts and
that members owe no allegiance to the UnitedMUHAMAD'S
believe there
Negroes are
devils," in
of the NOI,
under the
have declared
States.
On Ma? 5, 1958, the first source advised MUHAMMAD
d u on advice of legal counsel, tempered his personal na p -. _statements and instructions to his'ministers concerning the
d t o'd possible principles of his organization in or er o av i
prosecution by the United States Government; however, he did
not indicate any fundamental changes in the teachings of hisaf-ga-'*nii3¢1¢-5. " "" "' ~ --=- ____.
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Organization of Afroqmncrican Unity
_ g_._ APPENDIX d 1
NATION OF ISLAM, formerly
referred to ea the Muslim
Cult ot Islam, also known asMuhamnad's%Iemples or Islam i .
On May 7, 1963, a third source advised Muhammad -had, early in July, 1958, decided to de-emphasize the religiousaspects of the teachings of Islam and to stress the economicbenefits to be derived by those Negroes who Joined the NOI-This policy change, according to MUHAMMAD, would help him_ .acquire additional followers and create more interest in
his programs. A
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. Priority!1 -------- f ------------ f ------------- --fQ;;=e~- T-'" , TO: Director, FBI 00-441765! ,,§3§f <;g-* e- r/Fe-.._ ,
mom; sac, Philadelphia 00-lr/n71!
SUBJECT: musrm mosque, INC.IS-__1*»1I-1i[_;__ _}_ ' *7
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I Re Philndolohia telephone call to Bureau, 12 29 6h
and Philadelphia teletypes to Bureau, 12/29/54 and 12 30 64, cc
New York.
Enclosed herewith for the Bureau are eight copies of
a LHM entitled as above; three copies for New York; two copies
for Chicago, and one copy for Phoenix.
- I :3,'- Bureau 00-I-I1-I1765! Enc1
#3 - New York 00-152759 Final
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Philadelphia, PennsylvaniaIn Rfpl]
M 92°' January 19 1965
MUSLIM MOSQQE . INC ,
appear in
, 19611, and speak on the
Station WPIIN, Philadelphi PDecemberBenson Show,
Benson
pro ram Ra tation WPZN, on the night dvised that this showtorium an s open to the public Q
§'_1_TPLIJG HOBBS and three other members o
MOI! mere present at the show for a shortperiod Membe I Muslim Mosque, I'no I-l-II! were guarding
MALCOLM at the time
characterization of the Nation of Islam, Muhammad.'s
Mosque #12, Philadelphia, the Fruit of Islam, ano. Iluhammad's
Mosque, Inc., is included in the appendix or this memorandum
w0L1 rm wouldbe in Philadelphia on December 9, 19 , to appear on the "Joe
Rainey Show," Radio Station WDAS, an interview-type program
a Q9 3/'72/76 3-N ~58.
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4-150 Rev. 4-11-as! r ,
F EDEIIAL BUREAU DF IIIVESTIGITIDII
FDIPI DELETED FADE IIIFDMITIDI SHEET
L Pagetal wiiheld entirely at this location in the file. One or more of the following statements,
indicated, explain this deletion.
El Deleted under exemptiontsl _ _XXXXXX
XXXXXX
XXXXXX
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material available for release to yon.
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agencyes! for review and direct response to you.Information pertained only to a third party with no reference to you or the subject of your request.
Information nertained nnlv tn a Lhird narhr_ Your nm-ma. in lintarl in Hm tin nnlu -,_~____--- ,---__--_ ----. -- - ----- ,--,- --_ -._-...- ._. ....-- ... ...- .....- -...,.
Documents originated with another Government agency ies!. These documents were referred to that
i__. Pages contain information furnished by another Government agencyes!. You will be advised by the FBI as
to the releasability of this information following our consultation with the other agencyes!.
_.i Pagetsl withheld for the following reasontsl:
Cl For your information: __ _ _ _ _
B3 The following number is to be used for reference regarding these pages:/<9 A/JfRcc<Iv¢;lQl fL¢;,?__I gg 7 i if i
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I CONFIDENTIAL L!
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1-mssm M UE mo.
At 2 p.m., MALCOLM LIETLE held a press conference
in one of the rooms at the Sheraton Hotel. At the conference
MALCOLM sp ke to all members of the press first, then representative
of the white press, and then spoke to representatives of the
Negro press. MALCOLM told all members of the press that he felt
the press was net honest in the coverage of the situation in Africa
and that they should show a true picture rather than the distorted
picture they were showing. When he spoke to the colored press,
MALCOLM told them they were almost as bad as the white press in
giving a distorted picture of events in Africa.
At 7:15, MALCOLM LITTLE went to International Muslim
Brotherhood, 4637 Lancaster Avenue, Philadelphia. At International
Muslim Brotherhood, MALCOLM spoke to appreximately 30 to #0 people,
the majority of whom were members cf MM #12 and members or either
the MMI or ADUS. MALCOLM told them all Muslims should
enter the Organization of Afro-American Unity which crganization
MALCOLM described as the one true organization representing
Afro-Americans in the United States. MALCOLM stated this
organization would work politically and any other ways for the
Negro and that the organization intended to bring the United
States before the United Nations for the mistreatment of the
uth. MALCOLM LITT E ith a Negroes in the So .L w of MEI members
then returned to Q n.m. At
L !a! WCl"92'3
and John F. K . ed Boul* d. enn y evar
15 men who bre
t e MMIIiilfworeknocked , LITTLE wasAs they were c
rr-92r92v'_r|1I92Q'r!$ Jlll92-1.65-JGJ. D 92!¢L
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MUSLIM rm me. O
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A detective of the Philadelphia Police Department was
sitting outside in a police car and when he saw the disturbance,
ran to the disturbance.-== Rhea the~ police detective-. identitied himself
as he was running, members of MM #12 disbursed. i "
aw someonc overheard meow LITTLE
make a was believed to be to his wife in
New York Ci MALCOLM told this person to look all the doors,
be careful, and have "those things" near the door. The person
he was talking to was not to let anyone in the house until he,
MALCOLM, came home.
P radio station was well guarded with a
number of carrying shotguns.
"'
by Pennsylvania Railroed actual incident
occurred at Pennsylvania p.m. when the group=, with MALCOLM LITTLE went to get their ears. The ear: were
[5 parked look away from the entrance ta the Sheraton
Hotel. in a police car outcide the hotel. Two
Y were with MALCOLI-1 inside the hotel.
the followers of KALZQLM want to their
lO to l5 men. when he saw that wee _
happening umped out of the car, idcntiiied himself
as a poli , and the group that Jumped the followers
of MALCOLM ran away from the area.
iii, MALCOLM was to appear at the Blue Horizon um on
January 1 , 1965, at 7 p.m. and that the organization had a
option ' for the next three Thursdays for speeches by MALCOLM
LITTLE. In addition to his appearing at the Blue Horizon,
MALCOLM may appear on the Ed Harvey Show, an interview type
program, WCAU, in the afternoon on January lb, 1965. g
Philadelphia Police Depar mnt had tnrce Gut¬CtiV8» with MA_t~3M
LITTLE at all times during his visit to Philadelphia on December
29 and 30, 1964. In addition, there were a number of police at
the radio station to avoid any possible e.:empt of attacking
MALCOLM LITTLE. '
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NATION OF ISLAM Jonmerly
referred to as e Mhslim Cult
or Islam, aka L .unmad'e Tmplee
of_Ie1amIiWi_:_ ;__ , __ ,_, '
In Jinua L957, a source -evised Elijah Muhammad has described his
organization on a . _onwide basis as the "Ration of Islam", N01! and "Muhammad's
Temples of Islam.
On May B, ' 54 a second source adrised E1ij:h Muhammad is the national
leader of the NOI; E :nnad's Temple of Islam No..2, 5335 South Greenwood Avenue,
Chicago, Illinois, i e national headquarters of the ROI; and in mid»l960,
Muhammad and other N afficials, when referring to Muhammad's organization on a
nationwide basis, cc ted using either "Mbsque" or "Temple" when mentioning one
of "Muhamad's Temples of Islam." -
The NOI is an all-Negro ozganization which was criginally organized in
1930 in Detroit, Michigan. Muhammad claims to have been s¢};:tc: by Allah, the
Supreme Being, to lead the so-called Negro recs out 0? slae ' i; the wilderness
of North America by establishing an independent black nLil3h '1 :1~ United States-
Members following Muhamnadis teachings and his iRtnFpr¢;dCi0L oz zae "Koran"
believe there is no such thing as a Negro; that the sc»:clled £r;;ces are slaves
of the white race, referred to as "white devils", in the Unite; ;"tes; and that
the white race, because of its exploitation of the so-called Ne£r~ z, must and
will be destroyed in the approaching "War of A?m£¬§d::0" ._
_ _ _ In the past, officials and members of the N01, ?;21L;iag hunormad, have
refused to register under the provisions or the oelectsve service Acts and have
declared that members owe no allegiance to the United states,
On May 6, 1958 the first source advised Muhammad had, upon advice of
legal counsel, tempered his personal statements and instructions to his ministers
concerning the principles of his organization in order to avoid possible p:osecu-
tiOn by the United States Government; however, he did not indicate any fundamental
changes in the teachings of his organization.
n Hay T, l96h a third source advised uhammad rad, early in July, i958,
decided to de-emphasize the religious aspects of the teachings OF Islam ind $0
stress the economic benefits to be derived by those Negroes who Joined the H51.
This policy change, according to Muhammad, would help him acquize additional
followers and create more interest in his programs. ;
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hm sources advised en Hay 22, 19 6 that the ergaliiition 01 which
* a.'L l ader and rcunécr, is Imam m Philadelphia, Pm, ELIJLH I-113!-1-ZLKD is the naeion e -_
1" -2 12!. '1'he$¢ Sources advused that MM #12 was as I-iuhz-:n::a:xd's Hoeque Number 12 4 #
located at £218-20 Lancaster Avenue, PhiJ.a.d.e1phia_, P30: but_ v.n September, 1963,
,1-_,a~§-@&£¢*;>gd;, H01-tl-, Bread Street, Philadelphia, Pa.
A ' The first I-neetirlg at 2204 Norbn bread Street was
1963. A
A third source on Kay 22, 1961; ad'."-....:c. the organizxaion has been
meeting in Philadelphia, Pa. since 1954.held on September 23,
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On May 8, 1961+ a. source advised that the Fruit of Islam F01! is s
group within the Nation of Islam NOI! composed of male members of the NOI-
Tho purpose of the FOI is to protect officials and property of the NOI, assure
compliance of members with NOI teachings and to prepare for the "|';Ia.r of
Amageddon-" Members of the F01 are required to participate in military drill
and are afforded the opportunity to engage in judo training. The FOI is governed
by a military system wherein the members are controlled by general orders similar
to those issued by regular military organizations-
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MUSLIM HOSOUE, INC.
The March 13, 196a edition of "The New York Times", a daily newspaper
published in New York, New York, contained an article on page 20 which indicated
that MALCOLM X LITTLE!, fonmer national official of the Nation of Islam NOI!
and Minister of NOI Mosque #7, New York, who broke with the NOI on March 8, 1964,
publicly announced in New York City on Nareh 12, 196a that he had fonocd the Nuslim
Mosque, Inc. MNI!. The NNI, according to the article, would be a broadly based
politically oriented black nationalist movement for Negroes only, financed by
voluntary contributions. In this public statement MALCOLM X urged Negroes to
abandon the doctrine of non-violence when it is necessary to defend themselves in
the civil rights struggle, and he also suggested that Negroes fonm rifle clubs to
protect their lives and property in times of emergencies in areas where the govern-
ment is unable or unwilling to protect them,
Incorporation papers oi the Mhl filed on Karen lé, l9ce with the
Business Section, Clerk of Courts, New York County, New York, New York, reflect
that the MME was incorporated under the Religious CCT§3r&I;Ou Law of the State of
New York to work for the imparting of the Islamic Faith and Islamic Religion in
accordance with "accepted Islamic principals." The principal place of worship to
he located in the Borough of Manhattan, New York, New York.
During an appearance over KYW - Television, Cl_reland, Chic_ on
April 7, 196A MALCOLM X stated that the MMI does not stand for integration, but for
complete freedom, justice, and equality for Negroes. He stated that Islam was the
religious philosophy of the MME, while the political, ecoronic and social philosophy
was black nationalism. l
On May 15, 196A a confidential source advised that the headquarters of
the xhi are located in Suite 128, Hotel Theresa, 209O Seventh avenue, New York C
where they were es1b1ished on March 16, 1964.
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FUIN - ' ._ *-- ~ January :9. 1965
92i92°Title: MUSLIM MOSQUE, INC.
Reference: Philadelphia memorandumc dated and captioned as above
Q1
This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusionsof the FBI. It is the property of the FBI_:nd is loaned to yourniche"; it :nd it: contents are not to E- distributed outside
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Bureau ncla. 13! ltI! _- 25-330911! 101! Q
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Information pertained only to a third party with no reference to you or the subject of your request.
Information pertained only to a third party. Your name is listed in the title only.
Documents originated with another Government agency ies!. These documents were referred to that
agency ies! for review and direct response to you.
Pages contain information furnished by another Government agencyes!. You will be advised by the FBI as
to the releasability of this information following our consultation with the other agency ies!.
Pagelsl withheld for the following reason s!:
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Arno-nE_sgm~rnmr unxpnngr soclrrg
The following organizations are characterized in
later pages:
Muslin Iosque, Incorporated
Organization of Afro-American Unity
Nation of Islam
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h_ §_PPENDIXCONFIDENTIAL
1.1.1181-_1.1.I..!9*'===I;f»2._.;r@<;91?~2><z121&1;EI1causal.-..,..-W _... _,. '. .. _ J_._I.j
The larch 13, 1964, edition of "The New York finer," e 7 "
daily newspaper published in New York, New York, contained an
article on page 20 which indicated that IALCOLI I LITTLI!, forner
national official of the Nation of Islam N01! who broke with the
N01 on larch 8, 1964, publicly announced in New York City on
March 12, 1964, that he had formed the Iuslim Ioeque,Incorporated
III!. The NMI, according to the article,would be a broadly based
politically oriented black nationalist movement for Negroes only,
financed by voluntary contributions. In this public statement
MALCOLM X urged Negroes to abandon the doctrine of non-violence
when it is necessary to defend themselves in the civil rights
struggle, and he also suggested that Negroes form rifle clubs to
protect their lives and property in time of emergencies in areas
where the government is unable or unwilling to protect thel.
Incorporation papers of the NI filed on larch 16, 1964,
with the Business Section, Clerk of Courts, New York County, New
York, New York, reflect that the MMI was incorporated under the
Religious Corporation Law of the State of New York to work for
the imparting of the Islamic Faith and Islamic Religion in
accordance with "accepted Islamic principals." The principal
place of worship to be located in the Borough of Manhattan, New
York, New York.
The Nay 23, 1964, edition of the "New York Amsterdam
News," a weekly Negro newspaper published in New York City, con-
tained an article by columnist JAMES BOOKER in which he indicated
that he had heard that the visit by MALCOLM X with Iuslin leaders
during his African tour has changed him to become soft in his
anti-white feelings and to become more religious.
1964, a confidential source advised that
the iii is apparently affiliated with the true orthodox Islamic
Religion through its affiliation with the Islamic Foundation of
New York!L 1 Riverside Drive, New York City. The only teachings;
of the MRI are on the Islamic Religion. ;On October 6,
A second confidential source advised on October 20,1964,
that the headquarters of the MMI are located in Suite 128, Hotel
Theresa, 2090 Seventh Avenue, New York, New York, where they were
established on Harchl, 1964. These headquarters are shared with
the Organization of Afro-anorican Unity OAAU! which is also
headed by MALCOLM X.
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On June 28, 1964, IALCOLH X LITTLE, founder and
leader of the Muslim Mosque, Incorporated III!, publicly ,
announced the formation of a new, all Negro, militant civil
rights action group to be known as the Organization of Afro-
American Unity OAAU!, with himself as Chairman. This
announcement was made at a public rally held by the III in
the Audubon Ballroom, Broadway and 166th Street, New York City.QRGANIZATI°F_Q§ 4EBQ-&!£RIQ4N.UNITXm Q4§Ul
A printed and published statement of basic OAAU ails
read by MALCOLM X at this meeting indicates that it shall
include "all" people of African descent in the Iestern
Hemisphere, as well as "our"hrothers and sisters on the African
continent. It is patterned after the "letter and spirit" of
the Organization of African Unity established by African
heads of States! at Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, in lay, 1963.
A recording of the remarks of MALCOLM X at this
meeting indicates that the aim of the OAAU is to eliminate
differences between Negroes so they can work together for
"human rights," while the initial objective is to "inter-
nationalize" the American civil rights movement by taking it
to the United Nations. LITTLE condemned the non-violent
civil rights movement and claims that Negroes should be
taught to protect themselves, when and if necessary. The
OAAU will sponsor a program for Negroes of education, politics,
culture, economics and social reform.
On August 19, 1964, a confidential source advised
that the heqdquarters of the OAAU are located in EH1 head=
quarters, Suite 128, Hotel Theresa, 2090 7th Avenue, New York
City. 7
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APPENDIX
.IIIIIIIII...lIIL'
CUNFIDENTW.
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NATION OF ISLAM, Formerly Referred
to as the Iuslim Cult oi Islam, Aka.
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In January, 1957, a source advised ELIJAH MUHAMMAD has
described his organization on a nationwide basis as the "Nation
of Islam" and "Muhammad's Temples oi Islan."
On Hay 8, 1964, a second source advised ELIJAH IUHAIIAD
is the national leader of the Nation of Islam N01!; Iuhammad's
Temple of Islam No. 2, 5335 South Greenwood Avenue, Chicago,
Illinois, is the national headquarters of the NOI; and in sid-
1960 MUHAMMAD and other N01 officials, when referring to '
MUHAHMAD's organization on a nationwide basis, commenced using
either "Mosque" or "Temple" when mentioning one of "Iuhanmed's
Temples of Islam."
The N01 is an allsNegro organization which was originally
organized in 1930 in Detroit, Uichian. IUHAHIAD claims to have
been selected by Allah, the Supreme Being, to lead the so-called
Negro race out of slavery in the wilderness oi North America by
establishing an independent black nation in the United States.
Members following MUHAMHAD's teachings and his interpretation of
the "Koran" believe there is no such thing as a Negro; that the
so-called Negroes are slaves or the white race, referred to as
"white devils, in the United States: and that the white race,
because oi its exploitation of the so-called Negroes, must and
will be destroyed in the approaching "Iar of Armageddon."
In the past, officials and members of the NOI,including
MUHAMMAD, have refused to register under the provisions of the
Selective Service Acts and have declared that members owe no
allegiance to the United States. _
On Hay 5, 1958, the first source advised IUHAHIAD had,
upon advice of legal counsel, tempered his personal statement!
and instructions to his ministers concerning the principles of . .
his organization in order to avoid possible prosecution by the _
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conclusions oi the Federal Breau 0! Investigation. It 1|
the property at the Federal Bureau of Investigation and in
loaned to your agency; it and its contents are not to be
distributed outside your agency.
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UNITED STATES NMENT .
Memorandum LX .
To i DIRECTOR, FBI 00-399321! DATIZ 1/28/55
SAC, NEH YORK 05-B999!
,_-1
QIALCOLM K. Little aka
IS-MMI
JACK ANDERSON, broadcasting on radio station WINS
, NYC, for
comment: "The Federal Bureau of Investigation: MALCOLM X-
the American Black Nationalist Leader has been secretly.
contacting African Gevanmenta to strengthen the tiee between
African and American Negroes. He is also expected to be a
star attraction at the coming Afro-Asian conference in
Algiers where he likely will join in the propaganda attackson his own country for its racial discriminationjlronically
some of the most striJ¢lI'anti-American voices qill speak
for countries that mistreat their own minoritesi
d and Bureau will be
immediate y information is developed.
3- Bureau@ §00;g3:Q§;L2I:Lj; RM!1- §:;1s2;: %:s::1;2:%s, SEW °L %m.,,,;¢,,,
131- NeuYork 00-153309! OAAUJ
1- New York 05-8999!
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