Document text
FM 30-31
HELD MANUAL
STABILITY OPERATIONS— INTELLIGENCE
HEADQUARTERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY
JANUARY 1970
TAGO 7334A
Field Manual
*FM 30-31
HEADQUARTERS
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY
Washington, D.C., 8 January 1970
No. 30-31
STABILITY OPERATIONS— INTELLIGENCE
/
Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION
Section I. General _
II. Background _
Chapter 2.
Section I.
II.
III.
IV.
THE ENVIRONMENT
The insurgent armed elements
Weather _
Terrain _
People _
Chapter 3.
Section I.
II.
III.
IV.
INSURGENT CAPABILITIES
General _
Basic capabilities _
Supporting- capability _
Reinforcement capability _
Chapter 4. POTENTIAL INSURGENT VULNERABILITIES
Chapter 5.
Section I.
II.
III.
INTELLIGENCE REQUIREMENTS
General _
Requirements for preparedness _
Operational intelligence requirements
Chapter 6.
Section I.
II.
III.
THE INTERNAL DEFENSE INTELLIGENCE SYSTEM
General _
Host country organization for internal defense operations _
U.S in-country intelligence structure _
Chapter 7.
Section I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
PRODUCTIONS OF INTELLIGENCE FOR STABILITY
OPERATIONS
General _
Planning the collection effort _
Collection of information _
Processing of information _
Dissemination of intelligence -
Chapter 8.
Section I.
II.
III.
COMBAT SURVEILLANCE AND RECONNAISSANCE
General _
Ground surveillance and reconnaissance _
Aerial surveillance and reconnaissance _
Chapter 9. INTELLIGENCE TRAINING _
Chapter 10. INTELLIGENCE COLLECTION OPERATIONS
Appendix A. REFERENCES _
Paragraph
Page
1-1— 1-3
1-1
1-4—1 7
1-1— 1-4
2-1— 2-5
2-1— 2-4
2-6, 2-7
2-4 _
2 — 8, 2—9
2-5
2-10—2-13
2-6, 2-7
3—1 — 3—3
3-1
3-4 3-8
3-1— 3-3
3-9 — 3-13
3-3, 3-4
3-14, 3-15
3-4
4-1 — 4-9 4-1 — 4-3
5-1, 5-2
5-1
5-3— 5-5
5—1,
5-2
5-6— 5-9
5-2,
5-3
6-1— 6-6
6-1,
6-2
6 — 7 — 6 — 9
6-2,
6-3
6-10—6-13
6—4,
6-5
7—1 — 7—3
7-1, 7-2
7-4 7 10
7-2— 7-6
7-17—7-22
7-11—7-14
7-11—7-16
7-6—7-11
7—23 — 7—25
7-19, 7-20
8—1 — 8—4
8-1, 8-2
8-5— 8-7
8-3, 8-4
8-8—8-10
8-5
9-1— 9-4
9-1
10-1
A-l
B. TYPE COMMUNIST INSURGENT ORGANIZATION
B-l — B-14 B-l — B-18
C. INTELLIGENCE REQUIREMENTS LISTING FOR
STABILITY OPERATIONS _ C-l— C-9 C-l— C-3
D. FORMAT OF AN INTELLIGENCE ESTIMATE FOR
STABILITY OPERATIONS _ _ D-l
E. INSURGENT ACTIVITY INDICATORS _ E-l— E-3 E-l— E-3
*This manual supersedes FM 30-31, 12 September 1967.
AGO 7334A
i
FM 30-31
F.
G.
H.
Index
EXAMPLE OF A PARTIALLY COMPLETED
COLLECTION PLAN _
COMBAT SURVEILLANCE AND RECONNAISSANCE
REQUIREMENTS FOR STABILITY OPERATIONS .
TYPE INTELLIGENCE TRAINING PROGRAM FOR
STABILITY OPERATIONS _
Parag^^
H-1— JJ_2
\
' N
FM 30-31
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
Section I.
1—1. Purpose and Scope
a. This manual, together with its SECRET
NOFORN classified supplement FM 30-31A, pro¬
vides guidance on doctrine tactics, and techniques
for intelligence support to U.S. Army stability op¬
erations in the internal defense environment. Its
intended use is for commanders, staff officers, and
intelligence specialists. It is applicable to major
commands and subordinate units and will serve as
guidance for intelligence planning, training, and
operations (unilateral and combined).
b. This manual is concerned primarily with in¬
telligence requirements in support of U.S. Army
stability operations; however, it also has applica¬
tion to U.S. internal defense and development as¬
sistance operations where U.S. personnel advise,
assist, and train host country (HC) military intel¬
ligence personnel. For this reason, the scope is not
limited entirely to stability operations but includes
a description of the overall internal defense intel¬
ligence system, its management, and its unique as¬
pects of operations in the internal defense envi¬
ronment, including those involving collection and
production agencies. A discussion of intelligence
training requirements for stability operations and
a proposed intelligence training program also
have been incorporated in this manual.
c. The contents of this manual are based on the
broad guidance and doctrine found in FM 100-20,
FM 31-22, and FM 31-23. The manual applies pri¬
marily to Army force employment in the internal
defense and internal development operational en-
Section II.
1—4. General
a. Recent history has been characterized by the
occurrence of a hundred or more insurgencies.
These insurgencies usually have taken place in de¬
veloping nations as a result of World War II or in
nations newly formed from colonial possessions.
GENERAL
vironment. FM 30-5 contains the established
conventional intelligence doctrine for —
(1) Nuclear and nonnuclear environments.
(2) Chemical, biological, and radiological en¬
vironments.
d. Guidance on doctrine, tactics, and techniques
for intelligence interrogation, counterintelligence
operations, and aerial surveillance and reconnais¬
sance operations in support of stability operations
in the internal defense environment is contained
in FM 30-15, FM 30-17, FM 30-20, and FM
32-10.
1-2. Changes
Users of this manual are encouraged to submit
recommended changes and comments to improve
the manual. Comments should be keyed to the spe¬
cific page, paragraph, and line of the text in which
the change is recommended. Reasons will be pro¬
vided for each comment to insure understanding
and complete evaluation. Comments should be pre¬
pared using DA Form 2028 (Recommended
Changes to Publications) and forwarded direct to
the Commanding Officer, U.S. Army Combat De¬
velopments Command Intelligence Agency, Fort
Holabird, Maryland 21219.
1—3. Definitions
The terminology used in this manual to discuss the
internal defense environment and its intelligence
aspects is consistent with internal defense termi¬
nology contained in AR 310-25 and FM 31-23.
Frequently, such insurgencies have been Commu¬
nist inspired or have become subversive in nature
as Communist elements manage to gain control
of the movement and its leadership and exploit
the movement for their own purposes. Any fore¬
cast of the future must consider the probable fur-
AGO 7334A
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