The field manual for battalion drill containing the exercises and manoeuvres ...

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Survival, Water, Medical Field Manuals

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Henry Coppée

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Digitized by Google

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Digitized by Google

THE

FIELD MANUAL

FOR

BATTALION DRILL.

CONTAININQ THE

EXEECISES AND MANiEUVEES

IN TEE

SCHOOL OF THE BATTALION.

ARRANGED IN A TABULAR FORM.

FOR tHB

USB OF OFFICERS OF THE U. S. INFANTRY:

TRANSLATED, AND ADAPTED TO THE U. S. INFANTRY TACTICS, PROM
THE £Xf EST FRENCH AUTHORITIES,

By CAPT. henry COPP^E,

V
LATE INSTRUCTOR IN THE U. 8. JOUTART ACAOEMT AT WIST POINT.

PHILADELPHIA:
J. B. LIPPINCOTT & CO.

18C4.

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ViC il e^

liMllKfiO CtLLEif LlMA«t
BY EXCNANdC

Entered according to Act of Ck>ngres8, in the year 1861, by

J. B. LIPPINCOTT & CO.

In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States for the
Eastern District of Pennsylvania.

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PREFACE.

Tms little manual is designed to convey the entire amount of in-
struction on battalion-manoeuvres in the simplest and easiest form.

The school of the battalion, reduced to its simplest expression,
—that is, relieved of the crowd of details which swell it into a larger
volimie, — is what is offered to officers of infontry in this little manual.

They will find in it, in the fewest words possible, the essential
principles of every movement, as well as the order and relation uf
the commands of all officers, ftoni the colonel to the chiefs of pla-
toons. It t>nly presupposes a correct knowledge of the school of
the company.

tt has been translated fh)m General Le Lottterel's Atde-Mimoire
des Ch^s de BataHlon et Officiers d^Irtfanteriey and has been ad-
apted, wherever it was necessary, to the system now in use in the
United States service. The beautiful and Varied formations of
squares here presented will be found new to our service; but it is
thought that the variety will give additional interest to the book. As
this was the only point of difference between the XT. S. Tactics and
the French, the translator has placed at the end of the volume a
tabular synopsis of the methods of forming square firom the au-
thorized TJ. S. Tactics, that the manual may agree in every respect
with our system.

The merits of the book will be found in its portable tizty in which
the whole body of battalion-manoeuvres is condensed without in-
jury; and especially in the fact that it simplifies and facilitates
both the study and field practice by the manner in which the order
and relation of the commands is given in the tables.

Many an officer knows the rationale of the movement, while ho
is at a loss for the words of the command and the time at which it
should be uttered. A glance will show that this tabular arrange-
ment will be of great assistance.

In the table of Explanations all necessary directions are given as
to the posftions of the field and staf^ guides, colors, Ac.
„ 3

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EXPLANATION OP THE TABLES AND
THE FIGURES.

1. IH the tiible of eaepUtruOions of the movements will be fonnd only
■o much exposition as seemed needed. In case of simple move*
meuts, the matter is dismissed by a simple reference to the school
of the company, with which all officers are supposed to be familiar.
Tliis table is adjusted so that the explanation in each case bears
upon the command.

2. The tables of commands are arranged in such order as to in-
dicate the time of utterance of the relative commands of the colonels,
captains, Ac. The position of the commands in the table in every
case determines their precedence.

8. The dotted figures represent the position of the battalion or
subdivisions at the moment when the movement commences.

4. The dotted lines and arrows represent the route of the bat-
talion or subdivisions to execute the movement

6. The heavy black lines represent their position after the execu-
tion of the movement.

6. After reading the title of the movement, a preliminary glance
at the figure will make the manner of it manifest, and prepare the
mind for the explanations and commands.

7. The movements may be accelerated, the doubU-quick being
substituted fer the quick step : in most cases, indeed, this would be
preferable.

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CONTENTS.

PAOI

To open ranks 9

To close ranks .'. 10^

Manual of arms, and loading at will 10

Fire by the front rank 11

To csase the firing to cease 12

Fire by the rear rank 14

To break by company to the right or left 16

To march in column at full distance 19

To halt the column, and to form it to the left or right

into line of battle 22

The oojjintermarch 25

Formations to the right or left into line of battle by

inversion 26

To break by company to the rear by the right or left

into column , 28

Column in route 30

To form the column forward and faced to the rear in

line of battle « 32

Column at full distance faced to the rear into line of

battle 35

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6 CONTENTS.

PAOB

To form the colamn on the right or on the left into line
of battle ,.... 37

To march by the flank, and to form companies and
platoons while marching 40

The colamn arriving in front of or behind the line of
battle, to prolong it on this line 42

Change of front perpendicularly forward on the first
company 44

Perpendicular change of front to rear on the first com-
pany 47

Harch by the flank, changes of direction by file, forma-
tions by file on the right or on the left into line of
battle 51

To j)as8 a defile in retreat by the right or by the left
flank 52

To break to rear by the right or left into column by
division 54

To march in colamn by division, to break into com-
panies, and to form divisions .*. 54

To close the colamn to half distance on the leading
division, or on the rear division 54

To march in column at half distance, and change
direction .*... 58

Dispositions against cavalry 58

To form square 60

To form column 66

To cause the column to march forward and in retreat^
to halt it, and to reform the square 67

To reduce square 68

To form square when the battalion is deployed 68

Observations relative to the formation of squares 71

Square in four ranks 72

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CONTENTS. 7

PAOI

To reduce square ^^ 75

To close column in mass upon the leading, or rear, sub-
division , 84

To march in column closed in mass, and change direc-
tion in marching 86

To take distances by the head of column and on the lead-
ing, or rear, subdivision 88

To break divisions, and to cause to be executed, by
company, the movements indicated on pages 54, 58,

68, 84, and 88 92

Being in column by companies, to form divisions at a

halt 93

To form the column by division to the right or left into

line ^ 95

To ploy the battalion into close column by division 96

To execute the countermarch 99

To change direction to the right or to the left by tho

flank of the column 99

To deploy the column 101

To ploy the battalion into column by division at half

distance 107

To ploy the battalion into column by company at half

distance, and to form it into line 107

To ploy the battalion into double column 108

To march in double column and to change direction Ill

To halt the double column, and to deploy it forward..... Ill
To form the double column into line of battle, faced to

the right or left 114

To march in line of battle forward, or in retreat, and

to pass obstacles 110

Passage of obstacles 122

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8 CONTENTS.

PAOl
To change direction in line of battle, marching forward

or in retreat -. 127

Oblique march in line of battle 128

To cause the disperse to be sounded, and to rally the

battalion in line in column 129

Deployment of a battalion of skirmishers 129

Rally of a battalion deployed as skirmishers 133

Other modes of forming squares 135

To form column 137

To reduce square.. 140

To form square from line of battle 141

Squares in four ranks 142

Oblique squares 145

Column against cavalry 147

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TO OPEN RANKS.

Explanation or Tin

MOYElCEirTS.

OOMMAirDB

or
Thi Colohil.

or THs Gaptains
or

OOMPANIEfl Ain>

DnrmoNs.

The lieutenant-colonel
will place himself on the
right of the rank of file-
closers, and the major
four paces from the front
rank.

The covering-sergeants
step back four paces in
rear of the front rank, as
well as the sergeant who
closes the left of the bat-
talion, who will raise his
piece in firont of the centre
of his body, butt upper-
most. They will be aligned
by the major

FIRST LESSON.

1. To open rankf .

1. Prepare to
open ranks.

2. Totherear,
open order.

8. Maboh.

The rear rank will step to the rear ; the file-closers
place themselves two paces firom the rear rank, and
are aligned by the lieutenant-colonel, between the first
and the last, the latter raising his piece, butt upper-
most.

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MANUAL OF ARMS.

EZPLANATXOir or THl
MOYBMUflS.

Commands

OF
THB COLOHflBL.

OP THB CAPTAIirS

OF
Ck)MPANIES AND

Divisions.

The colonel, seeing the
ranks aligned, will com-
mand 4. Feont.

The lieutenant-colonel
and major will take their
places in line of battle.

2. To cloie ranks.

1. Close or-
der.

2. March.
The rear rank and the file-closers will close up, and

resume the places they occupied before the ranks wer«
opened.

8. Manual of arms, and loading at will.

Present arms Bhotilder arms.

Order arms Shoulder arms.

Support arms Shoulder arms.

Fix bayonet Shoulder arms.

Charge bayonet Shoulder arms.

The officers and sergeants in the ranks will re«
main faced to the front during the manual of arms.
l.Load at

mil.
2. Load.
The officers and sergeants in the ranks will make
« half face to the right with the men at the eighth
time of loading, and will face to the front when the
men next them come te the shoulder.

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FIRE BT THE FRONT RANK.

sxplanatiox of xhx
Movements.

COMUAITM

TheColonxl.

OP THE CAPTAUra
OP

Companies ams
Divisions.

4. THE DIFFEBEHT PXSIHGS.
By the front rank.

1. Fire I

The captains will place
ihemselves four paces in
rear and opposite the
centre of their companies :
the covering-sergeants
fall back into the line of
file-closers. The color
and color-guard fall back
so that its front rank shall
be in the line with the
rear rank of the battalion.

The captains of thefirsty
third, fifth, and seventh
companies will command..

company.

2. Commence

The captain of the third
company does not begin
his fire until after he has
heard that of the first ; the
fifth, until after the third;
and so in succession, for
the firtt fire only.

As soon as the captains of the even companies see
eome pieces brought to a ready in the companies
which form divisions with them, they give the same

1. Such com"
pany,

2. Ready.

3. Aim.

4. Fire.

5. Load.

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FIRS BT THE FRONT RAKK.

Explanation op ths
motbkkhts.

COMMAinMS

Thb Colonel.

OP THE Captains

COHPANIBS AND

Divisions.

commands, without, however, regulating themselves
upon one another.

The captains of odd companies, seeing some pieces
brought to a ready in the eyen companies, will re-
commence their fire, and so in succession alternately.

To cause the firing to cease.

To cause the firing to cease, the colonel will cause
the short roll to be beaten, and a tap to be giyen*^ for
the captains to resume their places in line of battle, as
well as the covering-sergeants and the color.
1. Fire '

The captains, covering- wing,
sergeants, color, and co-
lor-guard will take the
places indicated when
firing by company

2. Right

wing.
8. Ready.

4. Aim.

5. Fire.

6. Load.
As soon as the colonel sees some pieces brought t«

a ready in the right wing, he gives the same com-
mands for the left wing, and so on, alternately.

If the colonel should wish to cause the battalion to

* Or the signal to ceaw firing may be made npon the bng^e, and
a single bngle note afterward instead of tbe tap.

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FIBS BT THE FKONT RANK.

ISmkVAnov or m

MOTIMEZfXB.

ComiANDS

THI CkiLORZL.

OF THE CaPTAIMS

COMPAimS A!f]>

DiVMIOIfS.

execute the oblique firings, he would add the com-
mand riffht {or. left) oblique, between readt/ and aim.

The firing wiU cease according to the manner just
indicated.

The captains, coTering-
sergeants, color, and co-
lor-guard take the places
indicated when firing by
company or by wing (p.
11)

l.Mreby bat-
talion.

2. Battalion^
8. Rbady.

4. Aim.'

5. FiRB.

6. Load.

If the colonel should wish to execute the oblique
firings, he would conform in the commands to what
has been prescribed for firing by wing, (p. 12.)

To cause another fire to be executed, he must wait
until all the pieces are loaded.

Like all the other firings, that of the battalion is
caused tc cease by a short roll ; the captains, cover-
ing-sergeants, color, and color-guard resume their
places at the tap which A>llows the roll.
1. Fir t by file.

The captains, file-clos-
qrs, color, and color-guard
take the places already
indicated 2. Battalion,

The fire will commence 8. Ksadt.

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FIRB BT THE REAR RANK.

ExpijufATioif or Tm,
Movuoirrs.

COMMAIIBS

or
TbiColohil.

or THB CAmim
or

COMPAimCS AKD

DinsioNS.

1. Face hy the
rear rank.

on the right of each com- 4. Commence
pany. firing.

The fire by file is always a direct fire.

To cause it to cease, the colonel will cause the roll
to be beaten, followed by a tap, at which the captains,
coybring-sergeants, color, and color-guard resume their
places in line of battle.

Fire by the rear rank.

The captains step out
from their intervals and
place themselves in front
of the first file in thcfront
rank ; the covering-ser-
geants and fik-closers of
each company pass quick-
ly through the captain's
interval, and place them-
selves — the covering-ser-
geants one paee behind the
captain, and the file-clos-
ers two paces in rear of
the front rank, passing
behind the covering-ser-
geants.

The color will pass into
the rear rank, the two
non-commissioned offi-
cers of the set changing
places.

The lieutenant-colonel

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FIRI BY THB REAR RANK.

EzPU.irATioir or thi

MOYEXIITTS.

Commands

Thi CohowKL.

OF THB CaPTAIVS

COMPAIflXS AKB

DlTISIONS.

passes bj the right and
the major by the left, and
place themselves at their
posts in line of battle be-
hind the front rank

2. Battalion^
8. About—
Face.

The captains plaoe themselves in the rear rank, now
become the front, and the coYering-sergeants in the
front, now become the rear.

The firings are executed by the rear rank as by the
front. The companies and wings preserve their num*
bers and designation.

In firing by file, the firing will commence on the l^
'of the companies, now become riffht

The captains, covering-sergeants, color, and color-
guard will take the places indicated in firing by the
&ont rank.

To re-face the battalion by the front rank, the colo>

nel will command,

The captains, cover-
ing-sergeants, file-clos-
ers, color-corporals, co-
lor, lieutenant-colonel,
major, and field-music
will execute what has
been explained on page

1. Face by the
front rank.

2. Battalion,
8. About—
Face.

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16 TO BREAK BY COMPANY TO THE RIGHT OR LEFT.

EZPLAKATION OF TBI
MOYUfSNTS.

Ck>MMANS8

OF
TBI COLOHIL.

OF THB OaPTAIM

Ck>lfPANIES AHD

DmSIONS.

The captains and covering-sergeants will resume
their places in line in the front and rear ranks.

If the colonel should wish to give the men relaxation,
he may cause arms to be stacked and ranks to be broken
as in the school of the company.

SECOND LESSON.

1. To break by company to the right or left. (Fig. 1.)

The captains place
themselyes two paces be- 1. By com-
fore the centre of their pany, right
companies, and caution wheel.
them that they are to
wheel to the right. The
covering-sergeants place
themselves in the front
rank 2. Maboh.

The left guides place
them&elves on the left of
their companies, as soon
as the movement is com-
menced.

When the wheeling-
flank of each company
arrives, three paces from
the perpendicular, the
captain commands - 1. Such com-

The covering-sergeant jp«ny,

places himself on the] 2. Halt.

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TO BESAK TO THB BIGHT OR LIFT.

KXPiAiTAnoir or m

M0VIIIB5T8.

COMXAMSS

Thi CoLomn..

or THX GAPTAIVg

GOMPANIXS Ain>
Divisions.

right of the first file in
the front rank.

The left guide being
established on the i^lign-
ment, the captain steps
out two paces from that

flank, and commands

and he then places him-
self two paces in front of
the centre of his com-
pany.

8. Left dress.
4. Fbont.

Pig. 1.

L
I

^:u^ki:i:]'

The lieutenant-colonel, A, places himself on a line
with the first company on the side pt direction ; the
major, B, on a line with the last company ; the colonel,
C, on the flank on the side of direction.

This moTement, left in front, will be executed by
inverse commands and means.

To break by division^ the denomination division must
be substituted for that of company; in this case, the

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TO BREAK TO THl RIGHT OR LEFT.

Explanation or the

MOYKMENTS.

Commands

ThX Ck>LONEL.

I Of IHK GaPTAINB
Of

Companies and

DlYISIONS.

junior captain places himself in the interral, in the
centre of the division, at the moment when the chief
of the division places himself two paces in front of its
centre.

If it be desired to break to the right to march to the
left, this command is given before By company right
wheel. When the battalion is broken, the lieutenant-
colonel places a marker against the right guide of the
first company. When the column is put in motion,
this company wheels to the left, marches ten paces
forward, and wheels again to the left. After the
second wheel, its captain commands. Guide left. The
lieutenant-colonel will place a marker where the first
company is to change direction the second time.

If the colonel should desire to carry the column
forward without halting it, he will caution the bat-
talion to that effect, and
will command 1. By com-
pany, right
wheel.
2. March.

At the first command, the captains will execute
what has been already prescribed for breaking into
column from a halt.

The pivots will wheel in their places, and, when the
oompanies arrive upon the perpendicular, the colonel

will command..

Forward —

4. March.

5. Guide Uft,
(or right.)

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TO MARCH IN COLUMN AT JULL DISTANCE. 19

BZPLANATIOlf OF VHI
MOYZMEMTS.

CoiOiAnM

or
Thb Colonel.

OP THJI CAPTAINf

COMPAiaU AHD

Divisioirs.

The column will then march forward. The lieu-
tenant-colonel and the guides will obserre what has
been prescribed for the march in column.

This moTement, left in front, will be executed by
inyerse means and commands.

If the battalion is marching in line of battle^ and it
should be desired to ploy it into column, to march im-
mediately in a perpendicular direction, the colonel
would giye exactly the commands of the preceding
moYement ; and, at the moment when each company
arrives upon the perpen-

dicular,
mand

he would com-

3. Forward —

4. March.

5. Guide right
{or left.)

And immediately the lieutenant-colonel and the guides
will conform to all that has been prescribed for the
march in column.

2. To march in colnrnxL at full distance.

The colonel will indicate to the leading guide a dis-
tant point upon which he may direct his march by
taking points on the

ground, and
mand.

will com-

The third command
is briskly repeated, as is
also the time of the march ;

1. Column
forward,

2. Guide left,
(or right.)

3. March.

March.

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20 TO MARCH IN COLUMN AT FULL DISTANCE.

EZPLANATION OF USUI
MOYKMENTS.

COMUAKDS

Thi Colomsl.

OF THI Captains

Companies and
DmsioNS.

as common iimey guickf or
double-quick, according to
the will of the colonel.

The leading guide is
alone charged with the
direction ; every other
guide must march in the
traces of the one preced-
ing him, and must pre-
serve the proper distance
and the step.

If the colonel wishes
to change direction, he
will place a marker A at
the point where he wishes
the movement to be exe-
cuted, and will command

When each company
arrives at four paces from
the marker, its captain
commands

and when the guide touch-
es the breast of the marker

ffead of co-
lumn to the
right, (or
left.)

1. Right (or
left) wheeL

2. Mabcu.

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TO MARCH m COLtTMN AT FULL DISTANCE. 21
Kg. 2.

CfV

IB The guides on the side of direction most
^ continue to march at the full step, without

concerning themselves about their compa-
■■ nies.

■ The companies should come up without

■■ change of direction to the point A ; that is,
■■ they should not commence to turn or wheel

until the command March.
The major should watch to see the guides
=3 direct themselves exactly upon the marker
-3 A, so as to touch his breast with their right

or left arm.
=3 The colonel may cause the companies to

break into platoons, or the divisions into

companies, all at once, at his command,
=3 which is executed according to the principles

explaihed in the school of the company for

breaking into platoons and sections.

The column may be caused to execlite the about
while marching; to this end the colonel will com-
mand:

1. Battalion, right about, — 2. March..
8. Ouide right, (or left.)

At the second command the companies will execute
the right about, and continue to march to the rear.
The captains (and, if broken by platoons, the chiefs
of platoons^ will remain behind the front rank ; the
file-closers in front of the rear rank, and the guides
on a line with that rank.

Digitized by Google

TO HALT THS COLUMN.

EXPLANATIOW OP THE
MOYEMENIS.

Commands

The CoLoifXL.

OP THE Captains

Companies and
Divisions.

The lieutenant-colonel remains abreast of the first
subdivision, and the major "will give a point of direc-
tion to the rear (now become the leading) guide, and
will remain abreast of that guide.

3. To halt the colunm, and to form it to the left or right
into line of battle.

The column is halted,
and the guides do not
stir, whether they haye
lost distance or not ; the
soldiers bring their pieces
to the shoulder.

If the position of the
guides is only slightly de-
fective, the colonel rec-
tifies it ; if very much so,
he causes the two first
guides to be placed upon
the new direction, and
commands

and then .

The captains place
themselves two paces
outside their guide, dress
their companies, com-
mand

1. Column^

2. Halt.

3. Guides,
cover,

4. Left (or
riff ht) dress.

Halt.

Fkont,

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TO HALT THE COLUMN.

BzPLANAnoir of thi

MOYXiaNTS.

ComiAirDS

OF
TnX COLOITKL.

OF TH£ Captains

OF
COMPANIXS AND

DiTisioirs.

and resume their places
in front of the centre.

If the colnmn is right
in front, the colonel will
then command

The covering-sergeant
of the first company
places himself, at the
first command, upon the
direction of the other
guides, and faced toward
them, at company dis-
tance.

When the marching-
flank of each company
has arriyed at three paces
from the line of battle,
its captain commands ....

After which he places
his person alongside the
last man of the front
rank of the company pre-
ceding, and adds

The colonel then com-
mands

1. Left into
Une wheels

2. Mabch.

4. Guides-
Posts.

Masch.

1. Such tfom-
pany,

2. Halt.

8. Right dress,
4. Front.

,y Google

!rO HALT THE COLUICK.

Explanation of the
Movements.

COMMARSS

Thb Colonu.

OF THE Captains

gompaniks and
Divisions.

This movement, left in front, will be executed by in-
verse commands ; in that case, the captains would betake
themselves to the right at the command Guides — ^Posts.

If the column should be by division, right in front,
the guides would raise their pieces, butt up, at the
first command. The left guides of the odd companies
would spring upon the Une at the command Halt,
given to their division, and face to the right. If the
left is in front, the covering-sergeants would in the
same manner step out on the line, faced to the left.

The column, while marching, may be formed into
line of battle, without being halted beforehand, by
the commands By companies right (or left) wheel —
March, if the line is to move forward.

But if the line is to be hcdted, the command is, Left
into line wheel — March.

At the command Halt, the guides halt at once, and
the lieutenant-colonel promptly rectifies their position.

If the colonel wishes to carry the line immediately
forward, he will command, at the moment when the
companies in wheeling arrive upon the line of

battle • 1. Forward —

2. March.
8. Guide
centre.

At the second command all the companies take the
direct march; at the third, the colonel, lieutenantp
colonel, major, color-bearer and color-guard, the gene-
ral guides and the captains, will rapidly execute idl
that has been prescribed for the march in line of bat-
tle. (Lesson VI., No. 1.)

,y Google

9HS COUNTERMARCH.

SXPLANATIOir or THI
HOYZMKNTS.

OOMMAIIM

Thi Colonil.

or TH£ Gaptaiks

OOXPANIIS AVD

DlYISIOITB.

4. The eonntermaroh.

When at full distance
or at half distance, the
colonel commands

The battalion faces to
the right if the column
is right in front, and to
the left if left in front.
The two guides of each
company face about

Each company exe-
cutes what is prescribed
in the school of the com-
pany.

If the column is closed
in mass, the colonel will
command

(fig, 8.) The odd com-
panies or divisions will
face to the right, and the
eyen ones to the left. All
the guides face about

1. Counter'
march.

2. Battalion^
right (or
left) face.

8. ByfiUUft,
(or right.)
4. MARCH.

1. Counter-
march.

2. Battalion,
right and
left—
Fack.

By file left
and right.
4. March.

All the companies or diyisions are conducted by their
chiefs two paces in rear of the guides, halted, faced to

,y Google

26 FORMATIONS INTO LINE OF BATTLE BY INVERSION.

EzvL^Anoir op thi

MOVXMENTS.

GOMMANSfl

OF
TUCOLOMZL.

OP THB Captains

Ck)MPANIE8 AKD
DIVI8IOK8.

^ the front, and dressed to the right if the left should
be in front, after the moyement; and to the left im
the contrary case. The commands of the colonel do
not change, so that the even companies or divisions
always face to the left, and the others to the right.

The captains of companies or divisions who find
themselves on the side opposite to that upon which the
alignment is to be made, will go rapidly to that flank
as soon as they have halted their subdivisions.

Flg.S..

2d DiTision.

4th IHvisioii. W^

J lit DiTision.

^ Sd DiTision.

5. Ponoations to the risht or left into line of battlo by
invertion.

The column being in
march, and supposed to
be right in front, the colo-
nel commands....... .....•••

1. Bi/ inver-
tion

into line
wheeU

,y Google

TO BREAK TO THE REAR INTO COLUMN.

EZFLAKAflON OP THE
MOVElUlfTS.

COMMAKDS

OP
THI COLORIL.

OP THS Captains

. OP

Companies and
Divisions.

The lieutenant-colonel

places himself in front of

, the right guides, and

promptly rectifies their

position, if necessary

2. Battalion^
guide right.

8. March.

The right file of each company or division faces to
the right ; the right guides halt, and the left guide of
the first company or diyision goes rapidly to place
himself on the direction of the right guides and faced
toward them.

The companies or divisions are halted at three paces
from the line of battle, and then dressed to the left.

When the formation is finished, the colonel will
order the guides to their posts : the chiefs of sub-
divisions place themselves, at the same time, on their
right.

This movement, left in front, will be executed, ac-
cording to the same principles, by inverse means and
commands.

If it is desired to march the battalion, formed in
line of battle immediately forward, in a direction per-
pendicular to that of the column, and without halting,
this movement will be made in conformity to what has
been prescribed when forming into line from column
in the natural order, (p. 24,) by causing the words
By inversion to precede the command Bg companies right
(or left) wheel.

,y Google

TO BREAK TO THE REAR INTO COLUMN.

EZFLAVAnOK or THB

HoTXMXiras.

Commands

Thi Colovvl.

OP THE Captains

Companies ajid
Divisions.

THIRD LESSON.

1. To break by company to the rear by the right or left
into oolnmn.

The captains will place
themselTes before the cen-
tre of their companies, and
will caution them that
ihey are to face to the
right, the covering-ser-
geants stepping into the
front rank

The battalion faces to
the right. The captains
go and place their breasts
against the left arm of
the last file in the front
rank of the preceding
company^ and cause the
three first files of their
own to break to the rear.

When the last file of
each company is about to
arrive on a line with the
captain, he commands 1. Such eom>'

The left guides rest pani/,

their left arms against 2. Halt.

the breast of the captains, 3. Front.

who then step two paces to
the rear and command 4. Left dress.

1. By the right
of compa-
nies to the
rear into co-
lumn.

2. Battalion^
right —
Face.

8. March.

,y Google

TO BREAK TO THE REAR INTO COLUMN.

SXPLANATIOir or THE
MOYIMSMTS.

OOIWAIISS

Thi Colonxl.

or THB Captaihb

Companies ako

Dnrisioifs.

and place themselves two 6. Front.

paces in front of the centre.

This moTement, the left being in front, will be exe-
cuted, according to the same principles^ by inverse
commands and means.

If it be desired to break hy dmston^ it is suflfi-
eient to substitute in the commands the word divi-
tion for company. In this case the junior captain in
each division marches alongside the covering-sergeant
of the even company, and places himself in the inter-
val when the division is faced to the front.

When it is desired to execute this movement while
the battalion is marching in line of battle, the colonel

will command By the right

of compa-
nies to the
rear into co-
lumn.

2. Battalion^
by the right
flank.

3. March.
At the first command the captains spring in front

of the centre of their companies, and caution them
that they are to march by the right flank.

At the command March, the battalion will face to
the right; and each company, without being halted,
will break to the right, and will be conducted by the
covering-sergeant placed in front of the first file in
the front rank. The captains go to where the left of
their company will bo, until the colonel commands. By
the left flank — March.

Digitized by Google

COLUMN IN ROUTE.

Explanation of thb
Movements.

Ck>MMANDS

The Ck)LONEL.

OF THE CaPIAIXS
OF

Companies and
Divisioxs.

When all the compa- "]
nies shall have entered 4. Battaliotiy
upon the perpendicular, > by the left
<he colonel will com- jlank,

mand J 6. March.

6. Guide left.

And each one will execute what is prescribed for the
march in column, (p. 19.)

This movement to the rear by the left would be exe-
cuted by inverse commands and means.

2. CoImnxL in route*

The column being at "]
a halt, by company, and I
right in front, the colo-
nel will command

1. Column
forward.

2. Guide left.

3. Route step.

4. ^Iarch.

March.

The rear rank shorten the step until the distance
between it and the front rank is twenty-eight inches ;
the men in both ranks carry t^eir anna at will.

If the column should encounter a defile too narrow
for the front of a company, the colonel will cause all
the companies to break into platoons by his own com-
mand, or will give the order to the captain of the first,
who will form platoons in his company, and all the
others will successively break into platoons, at the
same place where the first did : these movements take
place before entering the defile.

,y Google

COLUMN IN ROUTE.

EXPIJl^ATIOIT OP THX
MOYIMSirtR.

Ck)MMAin>8

Thx Colonsl.

OF THE GaPTAI.VS
OF

Companies Ain>
Dnnsioxs.

As soon as the companies are broken, the chiefs of
platoons place themselves in the front rank, in place
of their guide, who falls back into the rear rank.

If the defile becomes still narrower, the column is
broken into sections, successiTely and at the same
place, if the platoons be of at least twelve files. The
first sections are commanded by the captain and by
the second lieutenant ;. the second by the first lieu-
tenant and orderly sergeant, and, if they be wanting,
by the company guides. They all place themselves
in the front rank, on the side of direction.

To execute this movement, each chief of platoon
causes his platoon to come to shouldered arms, and to
come to close order ; as soon as the platoon is broken,
its chief gives the direction to carry arms at will and
to increase the distance between the ranks.

When the colonel wishes
to close the ranks, he will
command

1. Right

shoulder —
Shift arms.

The rear rank will come at once to close order.
If the platoons be less than twelve files, files should
be broken to the rear hy twos^ until the front is reduced
to six files, not including the chief of platoon; and if
it be necessary still further to reduce the front, the men
would be brought to right shoulder shift armsy would (ako
the quick (or double-quick) step successively and at the
command of the chiefs of platoons, so that the rear-
rank men, as well as the files broken to the rear, should

,y Google

32 TO FORM THE COLUMN IN LINE OF BATTLE.

close to fifteen inches, after which the platoons might
be reduced to a front of four files, not including the
chief.

If, finally, the defile is not wide enough to give
passage to six men abreast, the moyement is made by
bringing the arms to the shoulder, and marching by
the flank.

In proportion as the defile widens, column is formed
by platoon, or by section, and the men are again per-
mitted to carry their arms at will.

The ground becoming still wider, companies are
formed.

The first subdivision follows all the windings of the
defile ; the others march upon its traces, without con-
cerning themselves about the direction.

The soldiers must not seek to avoid the bad parts
of the road ; they are to march, as far as practicable*
directly before them.

The changes of direction are executed at the order
of the chief of each subdivision, without other com-
mands.

The files can only be broken to the rear, on the side
of the guide.

8. To fbrm the columiL forward and faced to the rear
in line of battle.

The first of these movements is executed when the
column arrives in rear of the right of the line of
battle.

The colonel having indicated to the lieutenant-
eolonel the point where the right of the battalion is
to be established, the latter detaches himself with two
markers, A and B, and establishes them, faced to the
right upon the line, at company distance from each
other. The column, supposed to be right in front,
having arrived opposite to and at company distance

,y Google

TO FORM THE COLUMN IN LINE OF BATTLE. 33

EZPLARATION OF TBI
HOYEMZNTS.

Commands

Tea CoLOMXL.

OF THB Captains

Companies and
Divisions.

from the markers, is halted, after which the colonel

commands

The captain of the first
company immediately
commands

This company is halted
at three paces from the
line of battle and dressed
to the right against the
markers.

All the captains place
themselves two paces in
front of the centre of
their companies.

When the companies^
have wheeled sufficient-
ly to the left, the colo-
nel will command

l,Forwardin'
to line.

. By compa-
ny left half
wheel.

. Maboh.

Forward —
March.

1. Company f
forward,

2. Guide
right,

8. Maech«

6. Guide right.

The guides will follow exactly in the trace of the
file behind which they find themseWes at the command
March, up to the moment when that file shall change
his direction.

The right of each company being about to come on
a line with the left of the preceding company, the cap-

tain will command.

And when each com-
pany krrives three paces
from the line of battle
the captain will add

1. Right turn,

2. March.

3. Such com"
pany,

4.JLALT.,

Digitized by LjOOgle

34 TCr FORM THE COLUMN IN LINE OF BATTLE.

COMMAITDS

EZPLAlf ATIOR or TBI

Tot CoLOOTi.

OF THS CAPTAIKB
OF

Companies ahb

]>iyiBI01T8.

The left guide springs
out upon the line, faced
to the right, and, as soon
as he is established on it,
the captain places him-
self on the left of the last
file in the front rank of
the preceding company,
and adds

6. Right dre89.
6. Fbont.

The formation being
finished, the colonel com-
mands

7. Guides—
Posts.

) :

Plg.4.

1. M. M..

B A

,y Google

COLUMN AT FULL DISTANCE FACED TO THE REAR.

SZVI.ANATION or XHl
1I0TCM£NT8.

GOMXAIIDS

OF
Thb GoLONZIu

or THE CAPTAI58

Compares kvj>
Divisions.

This movement, left in front, is executed according
to the same principles and by inverse commands.

If the angle formed by the line of battle with the
column be so acute that the companies on arriving
opposite their respective places on the line find them-
selves nearly parallel to it, the captains will not give
the commands right (or left) turriy but simply Halt^
Right (or left) drest. If, on the contrary, it is greater
than the right angle, the formation would be on the left
or on the right into line, in preference.

This movement, while marching, is executed in pre-
cisely the same manner and by the same commands,
only at the first command the captain of the leading
company will command, Guide rights and will establish
it, after halting it, against the two markers placed in
advance.

Column at fall distance fiued to the rear into line of
battle. (Fig. 6.)

The dispositions already explained on p. 32 having
been executed, the colonel

will command..

All the captains place
themselves in the centre.

The captain of the first
company commands

1. Into line
faced to the
rear.

1. Company,

2. Right face,

3. By file left.

4. March.

,y Google

COLUMN AT FULL DISTANCE FACED TO THE REAR.

DZFIAKATIOX OF TBI
HOYBMSNTS.

COMMAlfDS

OF
THB OoLOIOIm

OF THB Captains

OOMPAMIES AKI»

DiTXSIOKS.

2. Battalion^
8. Right face.

and leads his company
three paces in rear of the
markers: he will then

command 5. Company,

The first company 6. Halt.

haying been established 7. Front.

against the markers, the _ 8. Right dress.

colonel will command....

All the captains place
themselvej? at the side of
the covering-sergeant.... 4. March.

The companies, conducted by their captains, are
then directed diagonally toward the place where they
are to cross the line of battle, indicated to them by
the left guides, who detach themselyes, twelve or
fifteen paces in advance, to place themselves on the
line faced to the right. Each company crosses the
line of battle three paces, files to the left, and, as
soon as it arrives opposite the place it is to occupy, its

captain commands 1. Such com'

party,
2. Halt.
a. Front.

After which he places
himself on the left of the
last file in the preceding

company, and adds 4. Right dres9.

5. Front.

When the formation is finished, the colonel com-
mands. Guides — Posts.

,y Google

TO TOBX THE COLUMN IN UNI 07 BATTUt. 37

ExPLARAnoir or thi
Mothobnts*

COMMAIIM

I or THI Ga^aiks

OOMFimU AND

Dintioifs.

fig. 6.

This moTement, left in front,
' ' ,,''' will be executed according to

1 1 ^'' the same principles and by in-

Terse commands. It may also
be executed while the column is marching, and with-
out halting it; the dispositions are similar. But the
second and third commands of the colonel will be,
2. Battalion^ by the right fiank, 3. March.

4. To fdna the eolnmn on fha right or on the left into
line of battle. (Fig. 6.)
The column having the right in firont, and the dis-
positions indicated as before upon page 82 having
been executed, the colonel

will command..

X.Ontheright
into line,

2. Battalion,
Quideright,

,y Google

38 TO FORM THS COLUMN IN LINE OF BATTLE.

. EXPLAITATION OF TEE
MOYSMEHTS.

COMMANM

or XHS CAPTAIire

OF
COMPAimS AKB

DmsiONS.

When the first company
arriyes abreast of the
marker A, its captain
commands

And when the company
arrives three paces from
the line

1. Mipht turn,

2. March.

8. 1st com-
pany,
4. Halt.

The captain of this com-
pany places himself a
little in advance of the
marker A, on the align-
ment, and adds 6. Riffht dress,

6. Front.

All the other companies execute the same move-
ment, by the same commands, in succession, as they
arrive on a line with the left guide of the company
immediately preceding.

As soon as the formation is finished, the colonel
<K)mmands, Guides — Posts.

The lieutenant-colonel is charged with establishing
the left guide of each company, by placing himself
successively behind them, as they come upon the
line.

The first markers must be placed in such manner
that the guides, after having turned to the right, will
have at least ten paces to go before coming upon the
line.

,y Google

TO FORM THE COLUMN IN LINE OF BATTLE. 39
Fig. 6.

i__.d

iiT^nr

This movement, left in front, is executed according
to the same principles and by inverse commands.

In all successive formations, except into line faced to
the rear, the guides do not spring out to take their places
on the line until the command Halt is given to their
company, at three paces from the line of battle.

The fire by file, in these formations, is executed in
the following manner : —

As soon as the captain of the leading company has
heard the command Front from the captain of the
company succeeding him, he places himself four paces
in rear of the centre of his company, and commands.
Fire hy file. The first marker retires, and the second
steps back opposite the right of the second company.
When the captain of the second company hears the
command Front from that of the third, he likewise
causes his company to fire by file ; the second marker
retires, and the left guide falls back opposite the right
of the third company ; and so on.

,y Google

TO MARCH BY THE FLANK.

EXPLAXATIOM OP fHB
HOTIMINTS.

€OXMA3a>8

or
ThbOolohxl.

or Tui Captaixs

Companies axd
Dxnsioirg.

5. To maroh by the flank and to fbrm companiea i
platoons while marching.

The captains place
themselyes outside the
line, at the side of the
coyering-sergeant, who
steps into the front rank.

The sergeant on the
left of the battalion will
place himself to the left,
and by the side of the last
file of his company, coyer-
ing the captains in file.

Tho lieutenant-colonel
places himself six paces
fVom the head of the bat-
talion, on the side of the
front rank ; the migor, at
the same distance, abreast
of the color.

If the battalion had
faced to the left, the cap-
tains would haye placed
themselyes on the left of
their companies; the cap-
tain of the eighth beside

1. Battalion^
right —

2. Face.

8. Battalion,
forward —
4. March.

,y Google

TO KARCH BY THE TLANK.

SXPLANAUON OF TBI
MOYXMXirtS.

GOMMAin>S

ThkColonxl.

OP THE CAPTADCa

Companies and
Divisions.

the sergeant on the left of
the battftlion.

To cause the battalion
to wheel by file, the colo-
nel commands

If it is desired to form
companies into line, he
will command

. By file
right, (or
left.)
2. March.
\, By company

into line,
2. March.
The guides will continue to march directly to the
front: each company is formed into line, and as soon
as it is formed the captain commands... I Guide left, •

I (or right.)
If it bo desired to form platoons instead of compa-
nies, it will be sufficient to substitute the word platoon
for company. In this case, each platoon having but
one guide, he will carry himself quickly to the flank
indicated by the chief of platoon, if not already there.
If the march be by the right flank, the chiefs of the
second platoons pass through the opening formed in
the centre of the company ; in the contrary case, they
pass by the left.

The colonel, desiring
to halt the battalion when
marching by the flank,

commands 1. Battalion,

2. Halt.
8. Front.
At the last command, the captains, the covering-ser-

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42 TO PROLONG COLUMN ON LINE OF BATTLE.

geants, and the sergeant on the left of the battalion,
resume their places in line of battle ; the same also
takes place "when the battalion has been marching by
the left flank.

6. The eolnmn arriying in front of or bohind fhe Une of
battle, to prolong it on this line.

The column, at full distance and right in front, (Fig.
7,) arriying in front of the line of battle, the colonel
will cause a marker, A, to be placed at the point where
it must cross the line, and another, B, at four paces
beyond, at the point where it must change direction to
prolong Itself upon this line. The leading right guide
directs himself upon these two markers, and, when
the first company is two paces from the marker B, its
captain gives the necessary commands to cause it to
ohange direction to the left.

At the same time that the first company wheels to
the left, the right general guide places himself upon the
line of battle, abreast' of the first company,, and
marches upon the points indicated to him by the
lieutenant-colonel.

When the fourth company changes direction, the
color springs out, and marches abreast of its company
upon the same points as the right general guide.

Finally, when the eighth company changes direction,
the left general guide springs out, and marches upon
the direction of the right general guide and the color-
bearer, abreast of that company.

The guides of the column will carefully endeavor
to keep themseWes constantly four paces outside the
general guides and the color-bearer.

If the colonel wishes to form the column into line
of battle, after haying prolonged it on this line, he
will order the guides upon the line, all facing to the
head of the column, and will cause the companies to
be aligned, after which the colonel and the captains

,y Google

* TO PROLONG COLUMN OK LINE OF BATTLE. 43

will conform to what has been explained on pp. 22,
23 for the formation in line.

If the column be left in front, the moYement will be
executed by inyerse commands and means.

Fig. 7.

-Jiffifc % mr HA

The lieutenant-colonel and mnjor will obserre thai
ihe general guides march correctly upon the direction
of the two points taken in front. To this end they
will place themselves occasionally behind the color-
bearer and the left general guide, to assure themselves
of it, and to rectify their march if necessary.

When the guides are ordered out, that the column
may be formed to the right or to the left in line of
battle, the guides of the first, fourth, and eighth com-
panies do not move, because the color and the general
guides are supposed to take their places.

(Fig. 8.) If the column, right in front, should arrive
behind the line of battle, the colonel would cause two
markers to be placed, A and B, the first upon the line»
and the second at the point where the companies
change direction, and in such manner that the guides,
after the change of direction, would find themselves at
least four paces behind the line of battle.

,y Google

CHANGES OF FRONT.

EXFLANAnON OF TBI
MoVEMflfTS.

CiOMlfAIfSS

ThxColorzl.

OF THE CaPTAIXS

COMPAMES AKB

Divisioirs.

Fig. 8.

A-V-

B/X ■ II

At the moment when the first company, after having
wheeled, has prolonged itself parallel to the line of
battle, the right general guide places himself upon this
line, abreast of his company. The color and left
general guide execute precisely the same in their turn.
AH the rest is executed as in the preceding movement.

If the column were left in front, inverse commands
and means would be employed.

7. CHiUfGES OF FRONT.

Perpendioularly forward on the

The colonel places two markers,
direction which he wishes to give
and orders the captain of the first
blish it against these two markers
immediately command...

And when the wheel-

(Fig. 9.)

first oompany.

A and B, on the

the line of battle,

company to esta-

that captain will

1. Company,
right wheeL

2. March.

,y Google

CHANGE or FEONT POEWARD.

Szpi.AirAnoM or m

MOTBKSmS.

OomuMM

TBI OOLOMU..

or TBS CAPTAIHt

OOMPANIU AKD
DlYUIOlfS.

ing-flank arriTes at three
paces from the markerc...

Tliese dispositions bay-
ing been made, tbe colo-
nel commands^

All tbe captains place
tbemselTes in front of tbe
centre of their compa-
nies : tbe coTering-ser-
geants step into tbe front
rank

Tbe companies wheel
to tbe right at a halt. The
left guides place them-
selves on tbe left as soon
as they have room to pass.

As soon as the compa-
nies have wheeled suffi-
ciently, the colonel will
command '.

Tbe guides follow the
file of tbe company im-
mediately opposite them.

1. Change
front /or-
ward on Ist
company,

2. By compa-
ny righthaif
wheel.

3. Maeoh.

4. Forward —

5. March.

6. Ouide
right.

8. let com*
pony,

4. Halt.

5. Right
dreee.

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CHANGS or FRONT FORWARD.

EZPLAXATION OF MB
MOVKHRNTS.

COKMAITDS

OP THE CAPTAnrs
OP OP

The Colonxl. Companies akd
Divisions.

When the right of each
company is about to come
on a line with the left of
the one which has pre-
ceded it on the line, its
captain will command....

And when each com-
]>any arrives three paces
j'rom the line..

•

1. Might turn,

2. March.

8. Such com'

The left guide springs
out upon the line, faced
to the right

panij,

4. Halt.

5. Right
dress,

6. Frokt.

The formation being
finished, the colonel will
command •

Guides —
Posts.

The change of front forward, on the eighth company,
will be executed according to the same principles and
by inverse means.

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CHANQS OF FBONT TO REAR.

Explanation or thx

MOYSJONTS.

Commands

Thx Colonel.

OP THE Captains

Companies and

Divisions.

Vlg.9.

> / / / / /
/ / / / / / .

PerpendicRlar change of front to rear on the first
company. (Fig. 10.)

The colonel directs the captain of the first com-
pany to place the left -flank of his company per-
pendicularly to the rear. This captain will com-

mand .

1. Company y

2. Ahout-^
Face.

3. Ltft
wheel,

4. March.

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CHANGE OF TBONT TO RSAB.

EXPLANAYION 07 THS]
MOVHUNTS.

COXMAMM

TBM Ck>LOHXL.

OP tHs GAPTAnn

OF
OOMPAHIIS Ain>

Bnnaoirs.

The company wheels on
a fixed pivot, and when it
has executed such a por-
tion of the wheel as will
bring it upon the direc-
tion indicated to him by
the colonel, its captain
wiUadd.

The colonel then causes
two markers to be esta-
blished, A and B, against
whom the company is im-
mediately dressed to the
right by its captain ; the
colonel then commands

All the captains, except
that of the first, place

1. Change
front to rear
on lit eom-
pany,

2. Battalion,
8. About —

Face.
4. By com'
pany Itft
half wheel.

6. let com-
pany,

6. Halt.

7. Company^

8. About-^
Face.

9. Miyht
dreee.

10. Front.

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CHANGE or FRONT TO RIAB.

Explanation o7 tbi

MOTBXIZfTS.

OOMMANSa

or
Thi Oolonil.

or THX GAPTAI5B

GOMPANHS AMD

DmsioNi}.

themselves in rear of the
front rank, before the cen-
tre of their companies....
The companies wheel at
a halt, and when they
have sufficiently wheeled,
the colonel will add

As each company arrives
on a line with the left of
that which precedes it, its
captain commands

The companies cross the
line of battle, and when
the front rank has passed
it three paces, each cap-
tain adds

The left guides spring
out upon the line faced to
the right

Tbe formation being
finished, the colonel will
command

5. Masoh.

6. Forward —

7. March.

8. Guide left.

Guides —
Posts.

1. Left turn,

2, March.

8. Such com-
pany,
4. Halt.

5. Company,

6. About—
Face.

1, Right drese.
8. Front.

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CHANGE OF FRONT TO REAR.
Fig. 10.

The change of front to rear on the eighth company
will be executed according to the same principles and
by inverse means.

The oblique changes of ftront are also executed ac-
cording to the same principles, W^ith the difference that
the colonel must indicate it in his first command, by
saying : Oblique change of front forward (or to the rear)
on first "{or eighth) company/.

Note. — All the changes of front may be executed
while the battalion is marching, and without halting
it, the principles and the commands being the same
ad at a halt. The colonel should cause two markers
to be placed in time to indicate to the captain of the
first company the direction and the ground which his
company is to occupy on the new line. This captain
then conducts it there witliout a halt, and aligns it on
the two markers.

'Google

MARCn BY THE FLANK.

Explanation of ths
moysmems.

Commands

Tub Colonel.

OF THS Captains

Companies and
Divisions.

8. Karch by the flank, changes of direction by flle,
formationi by file on the right or on the left into line
of battle.

The principles of the march by a flank hare been
already explained, p. 40, as well as those of change of
direction by file.

The batUlion marching by the right flank, the colo-
nel indicates to the lieutenant-colonel the point where
the right is to rest ; the lieutenant-colonel places twa
markers, faced to the right, at company distance from
each other, and at six paces at least on the right of
the rear rank of the battalion.

The colonel then com-
mands

1. On the
riyht by file
into line.
and when the right of the
company is abreast of the
first marker 2. Maboh.

This formation is exe-
cuted as has been ex-
plained in the school of
the company.

The left guides do not place themselyes upon the
line until the last file of the front rank of their com-
pany comes upon it.

When the formation is finished, the guides are or-
dered to their posts.

If the battalion marches by the left flank, the forma-
tion takes place according to the same principles, by
inverse means.

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TO PASS A DEFILE IN RETREAT.

EXVULHATION OF TBI

Movnmras.

GomuRM

ThS GOLOMIL.

OP TBB GAPTAHre

OOMPANIE8 A2IB

IXnrisioiis.

9. To pau a defile in retreat by the right or by the left
flank. (Fig. 11.)

Suppose a battalion, marching in line of battle in
retreat, to find itgelf opposite a defile ; if the defile is
opposite the left flank, the battalion is halted at fifteen
or twenty paces before reaching it, and faced to the
Aront ; after which the
colonel will conunand.... To the rear
by the right
flank, pass
thedeJUe,
The captain of the first
company immediately
commands.....

1. 1st eom'
pany^ right
— Face.

2. March.

This company, conducted by its captain, wheels by file
to the right, marches to the rear until it shall have
passed foUr paces to the rear of the file-closers of the
battalion, and wheels by file again to the right

All the companies make successiyely the same move-
ment ; the second begins its movement so as to follow
immediately after the first, and so on.

If the defile can only give passage to a platoon front,
the captain of the first company forms it by platoon
into line, and the guide of the first platoon directs
himself upon the point where he is to change direction
to enter the defile ; the other companies execute the
same movement in succession.

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TO PASS A DSFILI IN RSTBSAT. 53

As soon as the two platoons of each company emerge
from the defile, the captain will form company.

The colonel may reform the line, faced toward the
defile ; and in this case the column changes direction
to the left at the point indicated by him, and, when
it is entirely upon this new direction, he halts it and
causes it to form to the left into line of battle ; or,
if he wishes to place the defile opposite the right,
he will cause the column to form into line faced to the

Fig. U.

7^7 > ■ > i'>

/\f

If the defile should happen to be in rear of the right
fiank, the left flank would pass it according to the
same principles and by inverse means.

If the defile should not admit the passage of a
platoon front, it would be passed by the flank, and
the companies would be brought by company into
line successively as soon as they emerged from the
defile.

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TO BEEAK TO EEAE B7 DIVISION.

EXPLAHATION 09 TBS

MoYXMnras.

COMMARDS

TBI COLONXL.

0? THB CAPTAOIB

GOMPANin AHB

DinaioiTS.

FOURTH LESSON.

L To Inreak to rear by the right or left in oolnmn by

division.
The movement has been already explained, p. 28, to
break by company to the rear by the right or left.
There is no difference in the present movement, except
the substitution of the word division for company in
the commands.

3. To march in oolnmn by division, to break into com-
panies, and to form divisions.

The march in column has been already explained,
pp. 19-21.

The movement of breaking into platoons and of re-
forming company has also been explained in the
school of the company.

There is no other difference in the present move-
ment than the substitution of the word division for
company in the command.

The colonel causes the divisions to break into com-
panies all at once, and by his own command.

8. To olose the column to half distance on the leading
division, or on the rear division.
The column being in march by division, right in
front, to close it upon the leading division, the colonel

will command.,

1. To half dis-
tance close
column,

2. Mabch.

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TO CLOSI THE COLUMN TO HALF DISTANCE.

XZPLAVAnON OV TBI

001CMAin>8

Thb Colokkl.

or THJB Captains

Companies and

DiTISIONS.

The chief of the first di-
vision immediately com-
mands

1. Ist tUvi-

ston,

2. Halt.

3. Left dress,

4. Front.
All the other divisions are halted and aligned in the

same manner when their guide arrives at company dis-
tance from the preceding one.

The guides must place themselves correctly upon
the direction.

The lieutenant-colonel places himself in front of the
first company, and assures the position of the others
as they come up in order. The major marches abreast
of the last guide.

If the column should be at a halt, the movement
would be executed by the same commands.

If, instead of closing on the first division, it be de-
sired to close on the fourth, the column would first
be halted, if marching, and the colonel would then

command..

The three first divisions

1. On the
4th divi-
sion, to half
distance
close co-
lumn.

2. Battalion,

3. About —
Face.

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TO CLOSE THE COLUMN TO HALF DISTANCE.

Explanation op thb
motemxkts.

CouuASDa

Thb Coi.oifZL.

OP THE Captains

Companies and
DnnsioNS.

face about, and their
guides remain in the front
rank

The chiefs of the three
first divisions place them-
selves two paces outside
their guide on the side of
direction

The fourth division is
dressed to the left by its
chief.

The guide of the third
division having arrived at
company distance from
that of the fourth, its
chief will command

The guide remains faced
to the rear.

The chief of the third
division places himself at
once two paces in front of
its centre.

4. Column^
forward.
6» Guide riff ht.

6. Mabch.

1. Zd divi-
sion,

2. Halt.

8. Division^

4. About —
Face.

5. Left dress.

6. Front.

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TO CLOSE THE COLUHN AT HALF DISTANCE. 57

EzpLAVATioir or tbi
Moyjjuhts.

COXMAVM

or
Thi Golohil.

or iHK Gaptauts

CoifPAvns An]>
D1VI810N8.

The other diyisiong execute sucoesglyely the same
moTements as the third ; and, when the moyement is
completed, the colonel causes the guides to face
about.

This moToment may also be executed when the
column is in march, and without halting beforehand.
In this case the colonel
would command

1. On

8^A

the
com-

pany,
half

tanee close

column,

2. Battalion^

right about,

\, March.

4i.Guider%ght,

At the first command the captain of the eighth
company would caution it to remain faced to the
front ; the other captains would caution their compa-
nies that they will have to face about.

At the command March, the captain of the eighth
company will halt it and dress it to the left. The
other companies will be halted when they shall have
attained their distance, faced to the front and dressed
to the left.

The remainder of the movement is executed ex-
actly as in the preceding movement. If the column
should be formed by division, it would take company
distance; which would ^e stated in the command.
The principles are the same.

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DISPOSITIONS AGAINST CAYALRY.

Explanation of tbx
Movements.

CouuAsnys

Ths Colonel.

OF THE Captains

Companies and
Divisions.

4. To inarch in column at half distance, and change
direction.
This march and these changes of direction are exe-
cuted by the same commands and in the manner ex-
plained for a column at full distance, pp. 19-21, with
this difference, that the pivot-man ■will take steps of
fourteen inches instead of nine, (or of seventeen in-
stead of eleven, according to the gait,) in order to clear
the wheeling-point in time.

6. Dispositions against cavalry.* (Fig. 12.)
The battalion being in column by company, at full
distance, and right in front, the colonel will com-
mand 1. To form

square.
2.To half dis-
tance close
column,
8. March.

At the command March, the first company stands
fast, and its captain, after having dressed it to the
left, passes to the front of the centre ; the file-closers
close to fourteen inches from the rear rank ; the second
company closes to fourteen inches from the filo-closers
of the first, and is dressed to the left by its captain,
who then passes behind the centre.

• For the modes of forming square exactly in accordance with the
U. S. Tactics, see the article at the end of the vo!«mo. The Frendi
iaethods here given will impart novelty and variety to the drill.

,y Google

DISPOSITIONS AGAINST CAVALRY.

Explanation op thb
Movements.

Commands

Thb Colonel.

OF THE Captains

Companies and
Divisions.

The third, fourth, fifth, and sixth close to platoon dis-
tance. Tho seventh, being designed as the reserve, closes
in mass upon the sixth, and immediately causes the
exterior sections to double upon the interior, and by
the following commands

1. Onthecen^
tre double
sections.

2. March.

Fig. 12.

At the first command the ^___^_^^^^^^_.

t)hiefs of sections place them- "" — — — —

selves in front of the centres of """S^S^JJ^WSBP "•

their sections. A file-«loser

takes the place of the captain, _^^^^^^^^^_^

in command of the right sec- "" *- — m^^am ""

tion. The exterior sections 2SSS

face to the right and left, and ^

at the command March, they — ^^S"H"""P""HP—

are conducted by their chiefs

three paces to the rear of the

interior sections, halted, and ^

dressed to the left. The two "^^^S^^HWS?—

guides place themselves on the

right and left of the interior ^

sections, and two file-closers '"^55

take their places on the flanks

of the exterior sections. ^ j^

After the alignment, the •" ■^■■^■i^^"""" —
chiefs of sections place themselves in the front rank,
on th« outer flanks, the guides retiring to the rear

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TO FORH SQUARE.

]fizPLA2rATioir or shb

HOVXMIIfTS.

GOHMAirDS

Tmi Ck>LoiriL.

or THK Captaihs

COMPAimS AMD
D1VJIUOX8.

rank. The captain places himself in firont of the
centre. The eighth company closes to platoon dis-
tance upon the sixth, and, as soon as it is halted, the
file-closers, passing by the flanks, place themselves
two paces in front of the front rank.

When the color-company is halted, the color-bearer
retires into the line of file-closers ; he is replaced in
the front rank by the corporal who covers him in the
rear rank, who, in turn, is replaced by the corporal
who is in the rank of file-closers.

When the movement commences, the migor places
himself on the right flank of the column, abreast of
the first company.

In the case of the column being set in maroh after
this formation, the second company would conform
itself to the movements of the first without separate
command. The guide of the reserve company woidd
march in the trace of the file who happens to be in
front of him in the preceding company.

To form wqatan.
The colonel will com-
mand

At the first command
the lieutenant-colonel and
major will assure them-
selves that the right and
left guides are properly
post^ between the first

1. Form
square.

2. Eiffht and
left into line
wheel.

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TO FORM SQUARS.

SXPLANATIOlf 07 fHI
MOTUOMTS.

Ck>iiicAin>s

or
Thi Oolohil.

or TBI Oaptaiks

OoicrAiraEs Ain>

Divuioifs.

and the last, by facing
toward them, the lieu-
tenant-colonel assuring
the left guides, and the
major the right. The
two guides of the eighth
company will raise their
pieces in front of the
centre of the body, butt
uppermost.

At the second command
the chiefs of platoons of
the third, fourth, fifth,
and sixth companies will
place themselyes in front
of the centres of their
platoons, and caution
them that they are to
wheel into line.

The captain of the
seventh company will
command.

The captain of the
eighth will giye the same
commands, substituting
dghth for seventh, and will
place himself two paces
outside of the left flank
of his company.

1. 7th com'
pany^ for-
ward.

2. Guide left.

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TO FORM SQUARE.

EXPZANATIOX OV TBI

MOTEUNTS.

Commands

The Colonsl.

OF THE Captains

Companies akb
Divisions.

These dispositions being
made, the colonel will
command....,

3. Masoh. 3. Mabch,

Fig. 13.

At this command, repeated by all
the chiefs, the two first companies
stand fast, but the two files on
the right and on the left face out-
ward.

The platoons of the third, fourth,
fifth, and sixth companies are
wheeled into line.

The field-music will march for-
ward the extent of a platoon front.

The seventh company marches
forward the same distance.

The eighth closes up to form the
square. Its captain causes it to
face about when it has closed up,
and aligns it by the rear rank. The
guides remain faced to the front.
The file-closers close up to one pace,
and the two files on the right and
on the left face outward. Th«
colonel will then com-
mand. .' 4. Guides-^

Posts.

At this command the captains of the first and eighth
companies, as well as the guides of the eighth, will

i '~^'^!

I^^

,y Google

TO FORM SQUARE. 63

EXPLAViTIOIf 07 THB

MoyEMom,

Commands

Thk Colohel.

OF TH£ CaPTAIUS

Companies akd
Divisions.

enter the square ; the captain of the first places him-
self alongside that of the second.

The guides of the two first companies will take post
in the interval of these two companies, and on the
alignment of the files who have faced outward, — those
of the first company in the front rank, and those of the
second behind them.

The chiefs of the platoons which have wheeled into
line, will remain in the interval of the front rank, and
their guides in the rear rank.

The lieutenant-colonel and the major will place
themselves behind the second company, the former on
the left, the latter on the right.

The colonel, in the centre of the square.

First Front. — First and second companies, com-
manded by the senior captain of the
two.

Second Front. — The odd platoons, commanded by
the senior captain among them.

Third Front. — The even platoons, commanded as
above.

Fourth Front. — The eighth company, commanded
by its captain.

The commanders of the fronts will place themselves
behind the centre of their fronts, four paces from the
rear rank, and will be replaced by a chief of platoon or
of section, as the case may be.

If the column, instead of being at full distance,
should be at platoon distance, the colonel would com*

mand I 1. To form 1

' square. •

Digitized by Google

TO FORH SQUARE.

Explanation or thi

MOYIMBNTS.

Commands

OF
T&K COLONXL.

OF THB Captains

Companibs and
Divisions.

2. Column,
forward,

3. Guide left
,i. Mabch.

At the command March, the first company stands
fast. The file-closers come up to the distance of 14
inches. When the second company has marched up to
the same distance from the file-closers of the first, the
colonel will halt the column and give the commands,
Left dress and Front.

The seventh and eighth companies continue the
march, and execute what is prescribed for them in
forming from full distance, p. 69.

If the column should be doubled by platoons, (p. 70,)
it would be formed into square by the same commands
and by analogous means: thus, the leading subdi-
vision, (formed by the second platoon of the fourth
company and the first of the fifth,) doubled by the
second subdivision, (formed by the first platoon of the
fourth company and the second of the fifth,) would
constitute the first front ; the rear subdivision, the
fourth front ; the platoons of the right wing, the second
front; those of the left wing, the third front; the
seventh subdivision would form the reserve.

The column being clos-
ed in mass, if the colo-
nel should wish to form
Square, he would cause
it to take half distance,
by the command

1. To form
square.

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TO FORM SQUARE.

EXPLAKATIOK OF THl
MOV£M£NTS.

Ck)MMANDS

The Colonel.

OF THE Captains

Companies and
Divisions.

The two first compa- 2, Bi/ the head
nies would be put in of column
inarch at the same time ; take half
the third would wait un- distance,
til it had platoon distance,
plus the depth of the
ranks. The others would
only take platoon dis-
tance. All this is exe-
cuted as was prescribed
on p. 69 and following.

The colonel would halt
the column as soon as
the sixth company should
have its distance. The
second would at once
close to 14 inches from the
file-closers of the first.

As soon as the column
is halted, all the disposi-
tions would be executed
which are prescribed on
p. 69 and following.

In a column left in front, these different movements
would be executed according to the same principles
and by inverse means.

The seventh company closes up on the eighth ; the
second forms the reserve ; but the fronts do not change
their denomination. Thus, the first company always
forms the first front ; the last, the fourth front ; and
so on for the others.

Digitized by Google

TO FORM COLUMN.

ExPLANAnoir or ths

MOYUCSMTS.

Commands

or
The Colonsl.

or TH£ Captains
or

COMPAKIES AND

Drvisioics.

To form eolnmn.
If, being in square, the colonel should wish to march
forward, he would cause column to be formed, by the

command..

The commander of the
first front will immediate-
ly command

and will place himself, as
soon as he is able to pass,
on the flank of the column
on the side of the guide.
The reserve company and
the fourth front stand
fast; the second front
faces to the left, and the
third to the right; both
break by platoon to the
rear.

These dispositions hav-
ing been made, the colo-
nel commands

Form co-
lumn.

1. Fir it front,
forward,

2. Guide left.

2. March.

At this command the first front marches forward,
the guides placing themselves rapidly at their proper
posts ; it will be halted after having passed over the
extent of a platoon front, and dressed to the left.

The platoons of the second and third fronts wheel
to the left and right by file, and march to meet each
?* , ^^ J^^ ^^^^ ^^ *^®y <^^™® together, thev are
halted, faced to the front, and the companies are
dressed to the left.

,y Google

TO CAUSE THE COLUMN TO MARCU FORH^ARD. 6T

SxpLAN AnoN or ths
Movxhuitb.

Commands

Thx CoLonxL.

OF THJt CaPTAIITS
OF

Companies and
Divisions.

The fourth front is faced about; the file-closers
remain in front of the front rank.

Fijr. 14.

ill II

Fig. 16.

Ill I!

MoTement began.

MoTcment finished.
(See pp. 58, 69 for the
details.)

To e&usa the oolnnin to march forward and in retreat,
to halt it, and to reform the square.

The colonel will put the column in march, by the
commands and means prescribed on p. 18.

To cause it to march in retreat, the colonel will

commaod 1. Face by the

rear rank.
2. Battalion^
about —
Face.
At the second command the battalion will face

,y Google

TO REDUCE SQUARE.

EXPLAVATIOIf or TBI
MOVSMSNTS.

GOMMAHBS

OP
TeQB Ck)LONEL.

OF THX CAP9AI98

companiss anb
Divisions.

the following command...

about ; the guides will pass into the rear rank ; the
captains stand fast.

To reform the square, the column will be halted and
re-faced to the front, by

1. Battalion^
right about.

2. Halt.

To reduce square.

The colonel will com-
mand 1. Reduce

square,
2. SIabch.

This movement is executed as in forming eolumn^
(p. 66y ; only the second company is halted when it has
platoon distance from the third, and the first when it
has the same distance from the second. The captain
of the seventh company causes the platoons to be un-
doubled, and the file-closers of the eighth pass behind
the rear rank.

The seventh company, after having nndoubled pla-
toons, remains in that position, and only resumes its
proper distance when the column is put in march.

The major, the color-bearer, the sappers, and field-
music resume their places in column.

To form square when the battalion is d^loyed.

The square may be formed parallel or perpendicular
to the line of battle.

In the first case, the battalion is broken by the right
or left of company to the rear into column, and closed

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TO FORM 8QI7AKE, BATTALION DEPLOYED.

ExPLANAnoN or ths
MoYiMsins.

COUUAXM

OP
TBI GOLOHIL.

OF THJB Captains

OOMPANIBS AMD

DITI8ION8.

to half distance on the leading company, as has been
explained p. 68 and following.

In the second case, the battalion is ployed into simple
column, by company, at platoon distance, in rear of the
right or left company, or into double column by platoon
on the centre.

To form simple column,
the colonel will command 1. To form
square.
2. Column at
half dis-
tance by
company.
8. On the Ut
(or Sth)
company^
right (or
left) in front

4. Battalion^
left ( or
right) face.

5. March.
The movement will be executed as has been already

explained, p. 28, substituting the word company for
divinon; with this difference, — that the second com-
pany will enter the column 14 inches in rear of the
file-closers of the first, who will themselves close to a
like distance from the rear rank of their company ;
that the seventh will enter the column at mass dis-
tance, and, as soon as halted, the exterior sections will.

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70 TO FORM SQUARE, BATTALION DEPLOYED.

BZPLAN ATION OF TBI
MOYfMKNTS.

COUMAUfDB

The GoLOKKL.

OP THK CAPTAIKS

Companies and
Din&ioNs.

double upon the interior ones, at three paces in rear,
as has been explained p. 59, and that the eighth com-
pany takes platoon distance from the sixth.

To ploy the battalion into double column by pla-
toon, the colonel com-

mands

At the second com-
mand, the chiefs of pla-
toons place themselves in
front of the centre and
notify them of what they
are to do. The covering-
sergeants place them-
selves in the front rank.

1. To form
square.

2. Double CO-
lumn by
platoon.

3. Battalioriy
left and
right face.

4. March.

At the third command, the two platoons forming the
leading company stand fast, the guides of the other
platoons, which have broken to the rear, place them-
selves in front of the front-rank file, and the chiefs
of platoons alongside their guide.

At the command March, the leading company stands
fast ; the senior chief of platoon places himself in
front of its centre, and commands. Guide right. The
other chief places himself in the interval separating
the two platoons.

The guides place themselves on the outer flanks, in
the front rank, and the file-closers close to fourteen
inches from the rear rank.

The platoons forming the second company are di-
rected in such manner that the front rank shall be
fourteen inches from the file-closers; as soon as their
platoons unite, they are halted by their chiefs, faced to

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FORMATION OF SQUARES.

the front, and dressed to the right by the senior cnief.
The other chief places himself in the interval, the two
guides on the outer flanks. The captain, after having
aligned it, will place himself two paces in rear of the
centre.

All the other platoons will execute the same move-
ment, except that they will enter the column at pla-
toon distance, except those which form the seventh
company, which will enter at mass distance, as has
been explained on p. 69. The captain of this com-
pany will, in the manner before explained, double his
sections ; and the captain of the eighth will only take
platoon distance from the sixth.

As to the rest, all the dispositions prescribed on
p. 58 and following will be executed in forming the
square.

Observations relative to the formation of squares.
(Fig. 16.)

If a column, formed by division, should find itself
menaced by cavalry, its colonel would cause it to form
square, making it beforehand close to half distance,

Fig. 16.

The square formed.

Colomn bj division, ready to
fiffm square.

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SQUARB IN IH>UE EANKS.

BXFLANAnOir OF iBM
MOVXMSNTS.

CamuMM

Thi Oolokkl.

OF THX Captains

OF
COMPAIIIE8 ABB

DITI8ION8.

by the commands and means already indicated ; the
second dWision would close upon the first, and there
would be no reserve ; only, if necessary, the two inte-
rior platoons of the second division might act as reserve.

If the battalion should be formed in only three
divisions, the first front would not be thus reinforced
by the second division; and if, in spite of this, it were
desired to have a reserve, the second division would
close to platoon distance from the first ; the interior
platoons of this division would then form the reserve.

A column arranged to form square will march and
change direction like a column at half distance, only
this will always l)e 6y wheeling, the guide being in
every case indicated on the opposite side, if he is not
already there.

A battalion in square will never execute the firings
otherwise than in two ranks. The color-guard will not
fall back: it will join in firing with the company.

The subdivision which doubles on the first front
will remain at shouldered arms during the firing.

7. Square in four ranki.

The battalion being in column by company at foil
distance and right in front,

its colonel commands..

1. To form
square in
four ranks.

2. To half dis-
tance close
column,

8. March.

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8QCJAEB m FOUR RANKS. 73

This moTement consists in making all the even com-
panies to double on the odd companies, in such manner
that the file-closers of the odd companies may be placed
one foot behind the even, with those of the even com-
panies ; except those of the seventh and eighth, who pass
before the front rank of the seventh ; so that the five
ranks shall have but the distance of rank ; while there
shall be platoon distance between the subdivisions,
from front rank to front rank, with the exception of
the second subdivision, which will take the distance
from its front rank to the fourth rank of the first.

All the captains of odd companies will place them-
selves in front of the centre, and those of even com-
panies behind the centre, with the exception of the
captain of the eighth, who places himself in front,
alongside the captain of the seventh.

All the companies are arranged between their guides.

The subdivisions thus doubled will be commanded
by the captains placed in front.

The field-music will be placed behind the fourth
company.

FIg.l7.

When the column is left in ■■
fi-ont, these movements will be ■■
executed by the same com-
mands and by inverse means.

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SQUARE IN FOUR RANKS.

BXPLAITAflOir OF THI
MOTIMBRTS.

COMMAUM

or
ThiGolohkl.

or THB GiPXAnn
or

CoXPANm AXS
DlYISIOHB.

The column being thus disposed, the colonel will

command 1. Form

tquare,

2. Right and
left into line
wheel,

3. March.
At the command March, the fint platoons wheel

io the right into line, and the second to the left. The
last subdivision closes the square by marching forward :
the rest of the movement is executed as for the simple
square.

When it is formed, the guides take their posts ; and
all the file-clcscrs, as weU as the captains and chiefi)
of platoons, place themselves behind the fourth rank.

The field-music takes post behind the first subdi-
vision.

The five ranks, including the file-closers, are all
placed fourteen inches from each other.

Flg.18.

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TO RIDUCB SQUARE.

EXFLANATIOir OP THS
MOTSmilTS.

COMMAHSS

or
Thx CoLOim.

or THi Captains
or

OOXPANIIS AND

BnnsiOMS.

To reduce tqnare.

This moYement is executed by the commands and
means prescribed for a battalion in two ranks, (p. 68,)
being particularly careful that the flank movements ar§
executed vnthout doubling the files.
Fig. 19.

The square being reduced, and at a halt, if the colo-
nel wishes to re-establish the column in its original

order, he will command..

1. Undouhle
companies.

2, By the head

(or on the
1st or

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TO REDUCB SQUABS.

Explanation or na

MOTSMERTS.

COMVANDS

or
Thx Colonel.

or THE Captains

Companies and
Divisions.

the following commands..

Sth com-
pany) take
distance.

These different movements are executed as pre-
scribed already.

The file-closers of the odd companies, the captains
of the even companies, and the guides of these com-
panies, will resume their places in column as soon as
they are able to pass.

To form square in four ranks on the leading com-
pany or on the rear company, the company will be
ployed into column, by

1. To form
square in
four ranks.

2. Column at
half dis-
tance by
company.

3. On \st (or
8M) com-
pany, right
(or left) in

front into
column.

4. March.

This movement will be executed by the means indi-
cated, except that all the even companies will at once
close, on entering the column, to 14 inches from the odd
ones, in such manner as that the column will be formed
as described, page 73.

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TO REDUCE SQUARE.

EZPLAITATIOH OP THI

COMKAITM

or
Thi Colonil.

OF TBI CaPTAIHS

CiOMPANIES Airs

DinsioNS.

To form square in four ranks by double column,
the colonel would com-
mand ^

1. To form
square in
four ranks.

2. Double co-
lumn by
platoon,

3. Battalion,
left and
right face,

4 March.

This moYement is executed as has been described
on pp. 70, 71, except that at the command March, the
file-closers of the second platoon of the fourth company
and of the first platoon of the fifth company, instead
of closing to the distance of rank, march to the rear,
so as to permit the sections which double to enter the
column, the front rank at 14 inches from the second
i.*ank of those which precede it.

These file-closers will place themselves upon a line
with those of the second company. The platoons
which doubled being aligned, their guides place them-
selves in the rank of file-closers.

The second platoon of the third company, and the
first of the sixth, place themselves at platoon distance
from the fourth rank of the first double subdivision ;
the second platoons of the second and first companies,
as well as the first platoons of the seventh and eighth,
at platoon distance from the guides who precede
Ihcm; the odd platoons of the right wing, and the

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TO BBI>nCE SQUARE.

EZPLAKATIOir or TBI

MovsMiim.

COMMAimS

or
Thk Colonel.

or THK Capxaihs
or

GOMPAMm ASD
DiTIBIOHB.

eren oi&es of the lefty each at rank distance from the
platoons of their company already placed in column.
The chiefs of platoons, the file-closers, and the guides
will conform to what has been prescribed in the pre-
ceding paragraph.

The column being thus formed, the subdiyisions in
four ranks take their denominations oi firtty second,
third, and fourth company, according to the rank which
they occupy in the column.

If the battalion happens to be in column by divi-
sion, at full or half dis-
tance, the colonel com-
mands •••• 1. To form

square in
four ranks.

2, To half dis-
tance close
column,

3. Mabch.

The second diyision closes upon the 6rst, conform-
ing to the principle laid down on p. 72 for the two
first companies ; the third closes to platoon distiuioe
from the fourth rank of the leading subdiyision ; the
fourth diyision closes to platoon distance from the
third.

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TO RSDUCS SQUABI.

Fig. 20.

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TO REDUCE SQUARE.

Explanation or thk

MOTEXXNIS.

Commands

Tbx Colonxl.

OF THE C.^PTAIM

Ck)MPANIB8 AND

Divisions.

The column being thus disposed, the colonel will

command (Fig. 21).

1. To form
square,

2. Jtiffht and
left into
line, double
sections,

8. March.

At the third command the platoons of the third divi-
sion wheel to the right and left into line ; the interior
platoons close to fourteen inches from the exterior; the
file-closers of the latter place themselves, as soon as
the movement commences, upon the alignment of the
file-closers of the interior platoons. The fourth division
closes up to form the square, in conformity to what Las
been prescribed page 62.

Fig. 21.

i^rs-

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TO RSDUCB SQUAHK.

When the column is reformed to march forward or
in retreat, the lateral fronts remain in the column by
doubled platoons behind the exterior platoons of the
leadiing subdiyision.

Fig. 22.
Movement commenced.

MoTement terminated.

When the square is reduced, the interior platoons
6

Digitized by Google

TO REDUCE SQUABS.

EZPLANAnOX OF VHl
MOV£M£2<T8.

OF
THSGOLOiriL.

OF xau Captaims

OOMPAKUfl AND

I>rn8iON8.

of the third division continue to march, when the ex-
terior platoons are halted by their chiefs and are
formed into line according to the principle of deploy-
ments.

When the column is left in front, the movements are
executed by the same commands and by analogous
means. The third division closes up on the fourth,
the second division forms the lateral fronts, and the
first remains in two ranks.

The battalion being in line of battle, to form the
square in four ranks perpendicular to the line, by
double column, the colo-
nel commands 1. To form

square in

four ranks.
2. Double

'column

company,

at half dis-
tance.
8. Battaliont

left and

right face.
4. Mabch.

The third and sixth companies enter the column at
fourteen inches' distance from the fourth and fifth,
respectively ; the second and seventh, at platoon dis-
tance from the fourth rank of the leading subdivisioa,
and the first and eighth company, at platoon distance
from the third subdivision, according to the analogous
principles laid down on pp. 69, 70.

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TO REDUCE SQUARE.

EXPLAITATION OF THl

MoTXMEirrs.

Commands

or
The Colonel.

OF THE Captains

Companies and
Divisions.

If the battalion is to be formed into square on one
of the wings, the colonel

will command 1. To form

square in
four ranks.

2. Column at
half dis-
tance by di'
vision.

3. On 1st (or
4:th) divi-
sion^ right
(or left) in
front,

4. Battalion,
right (or
l^t) face,

5. March.
The divisions will be formed into column, according

to the principles laid down, p. 77 and following, for
the distances to be observed between the divisions ;
and also for the file-closers of the first division.

"Whenever a column is formed of subdivisions
doubled, the flank movements will he executed without
doubling the files ; the changes of direction in march-
ing will always be made as prescribed for battalions
closed in mass.

The firings will only be executed by the two outer
ranks ; the others will remain at the shoulder*

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TO CLOSE COLUMN IN MASS.

Explanation oy thi

MOYEJEENTS.

€k>MXAHI>8

or
Thi OoLONXi..

OF THX Captains

Companies and
DinsiONS.

8. To close column in mass upon the leading or rear
subdivision.

The column being in march, and right in front, the
colonel, wishing to cause it to close in mass upon
the leading subdivision,

■will command.

The chief of the first
division immediately adds

1. Column
close in
mass.

2. March.

1. \8t divi-

sion,
. Halt.
. Left dress.

The lieutenant-colonel
places himself in front of
the leading guide, and as-
sures, by signs, the posi-
tion of the left guides on
the direction.

The following divisions are halted by their chief
when their guide arrives six paces from the preceding
one, and dressed to the left.

The file-closers close to the distance of one pace at
the moment when the divisions are aligned.

If the column should be left in front, this movement
would be executed according to the same principles,
by inverse commands, as to the alignment alone.

If it be desired to cause the column to close in mass
upon the rear division, the colonel, after having halted

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TO CLOSE COLUMN IN MASS.

EXPLAKAnON OF TBI
MOTXMXNTS.

COMMAMPS

ThiOolomxl.

OF THB CAPTAnrS
OF

Companies and
Divisions.

the column, will com-
mand

All the divisions, except
the fourth, face about;
the guides remain in the
front rank.

The chiefs of the three
first divisions place them-
selves two paces on the
flank on the side of direc-
tion

The fourth division is
dressed to the left by its
chief.

As each guide in suc-
cession arrives at six
paces from the preced-
ing one, the chief of the
division commands

The guides remain faced
to the rear.

1. On the ^th
divUiofiyCO'
lumn close
in mass,

2. Battalion,

3. About-—
Face.

4. Column^
forward,

6. Guide right

6. March.

1. Such c^tVt^
«ton,

2. Halt.

3. Such divi-
sion^

4. About —
Face.

5. Left dre^s.

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TO MARCH IN COLUMN CLOSED IN MASS.

ExHANAiaoN or tbi
Movements.

CoiOfAiaw

Ths CoLoirxL.

or THE Captains
or

COVPAimS AND

Divisions.

Whea the column is
formed, the colonel will

command ,.,„ 7. ChiickSy

8. About—
Face.

The lieutenant^colonel, placed in rear of the guide
of the fourth division, assures the other guides upon
the direction.

This movement, left in ftront, will be executed ac-
cording to the same principles.

9. To march in colnxnn closed in mast and oliange
direction in marching. (Fig. 23.)

The column being in
march, by division, and
right in front, the colonel
causes the guide to be
assumed on the side oppo-
site the change of direc-
tion, if he is not already
there; he then causes a
marker, A, to be placed at
the point where he wishes
the movement to be exe-
cuted, and commands 1. Battalion^

right (orZc/()

wheel,
2. March.

All the divisions wheel
together while marching,

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TO MARCH IN COLUMN CLOSED IN MASS.

EZPLANATIOX OF TBI
JdOVKMBlTTS.

Commands

The CoLOifSL.

OF THK CAPTAXSt
OF

Companies axd
Divisions.

the piyot - man taking
steps of fourteen inches.

All the other guides
wheel in such manner as
to be always four paces
from the preceding guide ;
to that end it is necessary
that those placed on the
wheeling-flank should at
first advance the left
shoulder, then oblique
slightly outward at the
same time that they march
forward.

Each chief of division should face toward it, to
watch the execution of the movement, to see that the
diyision is always properly dressed between its guides
and almost parallel to the preceding one.

When the wheel is nearly finished, the colonel com-
mands I Z. Forward — I

' 4. March. '

Fig. 23.

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TO TAKE DISTANCES.

EXPLAXAnON OP THE
HOYSUSRTS,

pOMMANDS

The Colonel.

OF THE Captains

Companies and

DiVISIOKR.

If, after the movement is finished, the guides should
find themselves on the side opposite to that on which
they should be in the natural order, the colonel will
give the commands necessary to change the side of
direction.

10. To take distances by the head of column and on tke
leading, or rear, subdiyision.

The column being by division, closed in mass, right
in front, the colonel, wishing to take distances by the
head of column, will com-
mand

The chief of the first
division will immediately
command.

' The other chiefs of di-
vision will give the same
commands successively
when their divisions at-
tain wheeling distance.

1. J9y the
head of co-
lumn, take
wheeling
distance.

1. Istdivt'siofij
forward,

2. Guide Uft.

3. Majlch.

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TO TAKE DISTANCES.

Explanation of thi
Movements.

Thx Colonel.

I OF TUB Captains
OF
Companies and
Divisions.

To take distance upon the rear of the
column, two markers, A and B, are placed,
faced to the rear, and on the side of direc-
tion ; one abreast of the fourth division,
and the other at division distance from the
first marker, toward the head of the column.
The right general guide places himself, at the
same time, beyond the point where the head
of the column is to come, on the direction
of the two markers, after which the colonel

will command..

All the chiefs of divi-
sion, except that of the
fourth, place themselves
two paces outside the
flank, on the side of di-
rection

The chiefs of the three
first divisions repeat

That of the fourth im-
mediately commands

When the third division
arriyes abreast of the
marker B, its chief com-
mands

1. On the
^th divi-
sion, take
wheeling
distance,

2. Column,
forward,

3. Guide left,

4. Mabch.

Fig. 24.

March.

1. Left dress,

2. Front.

1. Zd division.

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TO TAKE DISTANCES.

Explanation of tbx

Moy£U£NT8.

GOMMAXDS

Thk Colonel.

OF TH£ Captains

Companies and
D1TI810X8.

2. Halt.

3. Left dress.

4. Front.
The third division is dressed upon the marker B,

who is replaced by the division guide at the command
Front.

The second and first divisions are likewise halted
and aligned when they have attained their distance ;
the left guides of these divisions place themselves
upon the direction, and faced to the rear.

The formation being finished, the colonel will cause
the guides to face about, at his command.

The lieutenant-colonel assures the position of the
guides as they arrive successively upon the direction
and at their proper distance. The major directs the
march of the leading guide of the column.

To take distances upon the head of column, the colo-
nel causes two markers, C and D, to be established, as
has been explained in the preceding movement, except
that ihey face to the front. (Fig. 25.)

The left general guide places himself at the same
time beyond the point where the left of the colunin is
.to arrive, faced toward the two markers and on their
direction; the colonel will

1. On the l8t
division,
take wheel-
ing distance.

2. Battalion,
"». About —

Face.

then command .

All the divisions, except
the first, face about ; and
the guides remain in the
front rank.

The chiefs of the three

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TO TAKK D1STANCK8.

EzPLANAnoir of th*

MOYJBMSNTS.

COMMAMM

Thk Colonel.

OP THB Captains

OF
COXPAMIBS AMD

DnrisiONS.

The division is aligned
upon the marker D.

last diyisions place them- 4. Column,
selves outside the guide. forward.

The first division is 6. Guide
dressed to the left by its right
chief. 6. March.

As soon as the guide of
the seoond division ar-
rives on a line with the
marker D, the chief of

that division commands 1. 2d dim-

sioHf
2. Halt.
8. 2d divi-

non,
4. About face.
6. Left dreta.
6. Fbont.
At the command Front, the marker J) returns, and
is replaced by the division guide.

As the guides of the third and fourth divisions suc-
cessively gain their distances, the chiefs of these divi-
sions conform to what has just been prescribed for the
chief of the first.

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TO BREAK DIYISIONS.
rig. 26.

In a oolumn left in front,
these moyements are exe-
cuted according to the
same principles.

11. To break divisions, and to cause to be ezeeuted, by
company, the movements indicated in artioles 8» 4, 6,
6, 8, and 10 of tiiis lesson.

The movement in breaking divisions into companies
is executed at the command of the colonel, according
to the principles explained for one company, in the
school of the company. It is only necessary to sub-
stitute, in the command, the denomination diviMion
instead of company.

Abt. 8. The movement prescribed in this article is
explained on p. 55 for divisions. It is only necessary
to make the substitution of company for division in the
commands.

Art. 4. These movements are executed as is ex-
plained on p. 58 for the division.

Art. 6. The formation of the square is executed,
in a column formed by company, as is explained on
pp. 58, 59, 60, by applying to the companies and pla-

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TO FORM DIVISIONS FROM COLUMN.

EXPLANAnON OF THS
MOYEHSNTS.

COMMJtXIDB

The Ck>LONXL.

OP THS Captains

OP
GOMPAlflES AND

Divisions.

toons all that is prescribed for divisions and com-
panies,

Abt. 6. The same will be observed in reducing
square.

Abt. 8. The movement is explained on pp. 84, 85
for a column by division ; there is no other difference
than the substitution of company for division in the
commands.

Art. 10. The movements are explained on pp. 88
-92. The same observation must be made as above for
the commands.

12. Being in column by companies, to form divisions,
at a halt (Fig. 26.)

The column being right
in front and closed in mass,
the colonel commands. .

The captains of even
(left) companies warn
them that they are to face
to the left

The captains of these
companies place them-
selves alongside their left
guides. The two guides
of the odd (right) com-
% panics step upon the line
as markers, faced to the
right

The captains of the left

1. Form divi-
sions,

2. Left com-
panies, left
— Face.

8. March.

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TO FORM DITISIONS FROM COLUMN.

EXPLAKATIOir OP THB
MOTSKENTS.

Ck>lIMAIII>8

Thi Colonkl.

OF TBI CaPTAIXS
OF

Coup Anns akd

I>IVISI0H8.

companies let their com-
panies march past them
at the third command,
and as soon as the com-
• pany has nearly cleared
the column, they com-
mand

The left guide of each
left company places him-
self on the line on the
direction of the two guides
of the right company, and
facing toward them. The
captain then places him-
self alongside the last file
in the front rank of the
right company, and adds

The formation being
finished, the colonel com-
mands

The. chiefs of division
place themselves in front
of the centre, and the
junior captain in the
centre interval.

1. Such com*
pany,

2. Halt.

3. Front.

4. Right
dre9S,

5. Front.

4. Guides —
Posts.

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TO FOEM DIVISIONS FROK COLUMN.

EXPLANAnOir OF THB

MovxJiKirTS.

COMMAMIM

OF
ThX COLONXL.

OF THE CAPTAIKI

COMPANXB8 AMD

DiVISIOlfS.

Fig. 26.

Lljil

If the column, instead of being closed in mass,
should be at full or at half distance, the movement
would be executed according to the same principles,
with the diflferenoe that the captains of the left com-
panies, after having commanded. Front, would place
themselves in front of the centre of their companies,

•and would command 1. Such com-'

pany, for-
ward,
2. Guide

right
8. March.
They would then halt their companies three paces
f^om the division line, and their left guide would place
himself on the line at the command Halt, after which
they would dress their companies to the right.

These movements in a column left in front will be exe-
cuted by inverse means ; the right companies will con-
form to what has been prescribed for the left companies.
All the guides face to the left.

18. To form the ooluiim by division to the right or left
into line.
This movement has been already explained on pp.
22-24.

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TO PLOT THE BATTALION INTO CLOSS COLUMN.

BZPLAlTAnOX OF THX
MOVXl^XNTS.

Commands

Thx Colonkl.

OF THE Captains

compamus ahd

BnrisiOKS.

FIFTH LESSON. •

1. To ploy the battalion into close oolnmn by dlTltion.

To ploy it in rear of
the first diyision, the colo-
nel commands

All the chiefs of divi-
sion place themselves in
front of the centre ; the
chief of the first cautions
it to stand fast. The cover-
ing-sergeants place them-
selves in the front rank.
The three last divisions
are cautioned that they
are to face to the right...

The chiefs of the three
last divisions place them-
selves on the right, and
cause the three first files
to break to the rear. The
junior captain places him-
self in the centre of the
division, alongside the
covering-sergeant

The chief of the first
division immediately
commands

1. Close CO-
lumn by di-
vision.

2. On the \8t
division,
right in
front.

8. Battalion,
Hght-—
Face.

4. March.

Guide^fU

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TO PLOT THE. BATTALION INTO CLOSE CX>LUUN. 97

EZPLAKATIOir or VHl
MOTISCSNXS.

OOUMAJXVB

OP
THBOOLOmL.

Of THE Captains

COMPAKIBS AirO

Divisions.

Th6 guide places him-
self on that flank as soon
as he has room to pass ;
the flle-olosers close to one
pace from the rear rank.

Each diyision, con-
ducted by its chief, di-
rects itself, by the diago-
nal, toward the place it
is to occupy in column,
and turns in such man-
ner as to enter parallel
to the preceding diyision.
The flle-closers close up
to one pace from the rear
rank.

When the chiefs of di-
Tision come on a line with
the left of the column,
they halt in person, let
the diyision file past
them, and command

The left guide places
himself promptly on the
direction, and six paces
Arom the preceding guide

Fig. 27.

1. Such dhi-

2. Halt.

8. Front.
4. Left dr €99.
6. Front.

The lieutenant-colonel plaoes himself successirely
behind each guide, to assure him on the direction.
7

Digitized by Google

08 TO FLOY THE BATTALION INTO CLOSE COLUMN.

IiXPLANAnOir OP THI

H0VKMSNT8.

COMMARDS

Thx Colonil.

OP THB CASTAUm

COMPAVIES AX]»

DlYISIOKS.

To ploy the battalion forward upon the first diyision,
the colonel substitutes the indication left in front for
riffht in front.

The three right files of the three last diyisiens break
to the front instead of breaking to the rear.

The chiefs of division lead them until they come on
ft line with the right guide of the first diyision.

The right guides face to the rear in succession, as
they come up, and are assured upon the direction by
the lieutenant-colonel, who, for this purpose, places
himself in rear of the right guide of the first diyi-
sion.

The moyement being
finished, the colonel will

command « OuideSy about

I —Face.

The formation forward or in rear of the fourth
diyision is executed by similar commands and by
inyerse means.

The two examples given, embrace all cases : thus,
when it is desired to ploy the battalion on an interior
diyision, — on the third, for example, and right in

front, — the
command .

colonel will

All the chiefs of diyi-
sion place themselves in
front of the centre of
their divisions, and cau-
tion them in what direc-
tion they shall face.

1. Cflote co-
lumn by di-
vition,

2.0nZd di-
vision, riff lit
in front,

8. BattMlum,

(Fig. 28.)

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TO CHANGS DIRECTION BY THE FLANK.

EXPLAHATION 09 TBS
MOYZMKiraS.

Commands

THB G0I.05IL.

ot TBS Captains

Companies and
Divisions.

inwards'^
Face.
4. Mabch.

The two first diyisions break to the front, and the
fourth to the rear, and all conform, according to their
position, to the principles explained on pp. 96-98.

Fig. 28.

In these movements the lieutenant-colonel assures
the position of the division guides who find them-
selves in front of the division of direction, and the
major the position of those who find themselves in
rear of it.

The colonel commands the guides who have faced
to the rear, to face about.

2. To ezecnte the oonntermarch.
This movement has been explained on pp. 25, 26.

3. To change direction to the right or to the left, by the
flank of the colamn. (Fig. 29.)

The column being closed in mass, and at a halt,
the colonel indicates to the lieutenant-colonel the new

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100

TO CHANGE DIRECTION BT THE FLANK.

BxpLAKAnoH or thi
MovnciKTS.

COUMAlfM

ThsColohu.

or THE Captaiks

CoMPAims Ain»

DlTISIOMS.

the colonel commands..

direction. The-lientenaht-colonel places two markers,
A and B, who face each other, at a little less than
dlyision distance, (or company distance, according to the
formation,) after which

1. Change di-
rection
th^ right
flank.

2. Battalion,
right"
Face.

The chiefs of division
place themselves along-
side their right guide 8. March.

The first division at once wheels by file to the left,
and moves parallel to the markers and two paces in
rear of the line ; the chief of this division halts in
person at the spot where his left g^de is to be placed,
lets the division file past him, and when the last file
has come abreast of him,

lie commands .

The left guide is esta-
blished by the lieutenant-
colonel, who is placed in
front for that purpose....

The other divisions con-

Ist divi'
«ton,

2. Halt.

3. Front.

4. Left—

Dress.

6. Front.

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TO DBPLOT THE COLUMN.

101

XzFLANAnoir or fm
MoTUXiras.

COMMAKM

OF
THI COLONXL.

OF VBB CAPTAllfS

GOMPAN IE8 AMD

Dmnoirs.

form to the moTement of Fig. 29.

the first, always preserv-
ing the distance of four
paces from guide to
guide, and when they en-
ter upon the new direc-
tion, the chiefs of these
divisions will execute
what has been prescribed
for the chief of the first.

The divisions are dressed to the left as soon as each
guide is correctly placed at four paces from the pre-
ceding one.

This movement will be executed by the left flank,
according to the same principles and by inverse com-
mands.

4. To deploy the eolnmn. (Fig. 30.)

The column being closed in mass by division, right
in front, if it is desired to deploy it faced to the front,
on the first division, the colonel will indicate, in ad-
vance, the direction of the line of battle to the lieu-
tenant-colonel, who will immediately establish two
markers, A and B, upon this line, faced to the right.

The left general guide will repair at the same time
beyond the point where the left of the battalion is to
come, and will place himself correctly upon the pro«
longation of the two markers, elevating his piece.
The colonel will then com-

mand ..

1. On the lift
division, de-

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102

TO DEPLOr THE GOLUHK.

ExpLANAnoN or thb

MOVEXINTS.

GOMMAHINI

The Golonxl.

or THX Captains

OOMPAKIXS Attn
DlYISIOlTS'.

This division is cau-
tioned that it will stand
fast ; and the three others
that they will face to the
left

The chiefs of division
and of company take the
places assigned to them
in marching by a £ank.

The lieutenantHsolonel
places a third marker, C,
also faced to the right,
opposite and against one
of the three last files of
the first company, and
then places himself at di-
vision distance behind the
marker B.

The chief of the first
division dresses it to the
right against the three
markers A C B, both cap-
tains giving the command,
Front.

The three divisions
which have faced to the
left march parallel to the
line of baitle, preserving

ploy co-
lumn.

2. Battalion,
Z</i?— Face.

PIg.SO.

8. Mabch.

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TO DEPLOY THE CJOLUMN.

103

EXPLAITATIOH OF THI
MOYEXEZCTS.

COMMAICSS

Thx Colonxl.

or THX Captaiks

OF
COMPAiriES AKlt

Dinizoivs.

a distance of four paces
from each other.

The chief of the second
halts in person when
abreast the left guide of
the first; and, when the
last file of his division
comes abreast of him,
commands

The two left guides
spring oat upon the line,
faced to the right. The
chief of the division places
himself alongside the last
file of the preceding di-
vision, and commands

1. ^ddivitUm^

2. Halt.

8. Front.

4. Right dres9,

5. Fbont.

The third and fourth
divisions continue to

march; the chief of the third halting in person
when he hears the command, Halt, given to the second
division, and, when his right guide arrives abreast

of him, he commands..

uid places himself in
front of the centre, after
irMoh he adds

When the third division

Sd division^

Halt.

Fbont.

4. Bddhiaiimf
forward.

5. Guide right.

6. Mabch.

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104

TO DEPLOY THE COLUMN.

EZPLAlTAnOH or THl

MoTUOires

GOMMAirM

or
Thi Oolomzl.

or Tus Captaisi

Companies asd

DITISI09S.

arrives three paces from
the line, he will add

The two left guides
come upon the line, fa^ed
to the right, and the chief
of the division, after hav-
ing placed himself on the
left of the last file of the
second, commands

The fourth division
executes exactly what
has been prescribed for
the third.

The formation being
finished, the colonel will
command

7. Zddivitiont

8. Halt.

9. Riffht
drest,
10. Frost.

Ouides —
Posts.

The lieutenant-colonel assures the position of the
guides in succession.

The major follows the movement of the 4th division.

To deploy on the fourth division, (Fig. 31,) the dis-
positions are made as indicated on p. 102, with this
difference, that all the markers face to the left, and
that it is the right general guide who places himself
on the line.

In the command the colonel will make the substi-
tutions of fourth for first division, and right for left face.

As soon as the fourth division is unmasked by the
three first which have faced to the right, its chief will

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TO DEPLOY THB COLUMN.

105

BzHAHinoir OF tbm

MOTXMJDnS.

Commands

Thi CoLOirxL.

OF TBS CaPTAIXS

COMPAKIXS AMD

DnnsioRS.

caase it to march forward, guide left; will halt it at
three paces from the markers, and dress it to the left
against them.

The other divisions execute what has been pre-
scribed already.

The chiefs of diyision resume their places in line
of battle, on the right, at the command, ^tVi^M— Posts.

Pig. SI.

The deployment may be made while marching ac-
cording to the same principles ; but the second com*
mand of the colonel is, By the right (or left) or hy the
right and left flank — March.

If, instead of deploying the column on the leading
or rear diyision, it should be desired to deploy upon
an interior division, — on the second, for example, — the
markers would be placed, as already indicated, in
front of the first division, with this diflference, thai
the markers A and B would face each other, and that
the two general guides ^

would place themselves
upon the line, that of the
right faced toward the
left, and that of the
left toward the right.
The colonel would com-
mand

1. On the 2d
divition de-
ploy column,

2. Battalion,
outward
face.

3. Mabch.

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106 TO DEPLOY THE COLUMN.

The second division will place itself, with the guide
left, against the markers only after having been un-
masked, and will be dressed to the left ; its chief will
retire into the rear rank, and the covering-sergeant
into the rank of file-closers, in order that the chief
of the third division may align it by the right. They
would all take their proper places in line of battle at
the command, Guides — Posts.

As to the rest, the first division would execute all
that has been explained, p. 105, for the three first; and
the third and fourth, what has been explained, p. 104,
for the same divisions, the deployment on the centre
embracing necessarily the same principles as that
upon either flank.

The lieutenant-colonel assures the position of the
right guides, and the major that of the left guides.

An these deployments are executed left in front
according to the same principles and by inverse means.

Fig. 82.

—.m. •. ^....-J ^ B C A j«. ■■ ...^

In the deployments by inversion, the colonel must
indicate his purpose in the first command, by saying:
By inversion, on such division, deploy column. These
formations take place according to the same principles
as those in the natural order.

The chiefs of the subdivisions which do not find
themselves naturally on the right will place them-
selves there at the command, Guides — Posts.

If, being in line of battle by inversion, it is desired
to ploy the battalion into column, and to have the
first division in front, it should be stated in the oob**

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TO PLOT THE BATTAUOIC.

107

EXPLANATIOir OF THE
MOTUfUTTS.

OomiAKDS

Thx GoLomsL.

OF THK Captains

companiu amd
Divisions.

mand that it would be left in front ; and riff hi in front,
if, on the contrary, it is the fourth division which is
to be in front.

This movement may be executed while marching,
according to the principles already laid down, — the
second command of the

colonel being. ^ BctttaUonj by

the right and
left flanks,

A column closed in mass may be deployed, faced to
the rear, by a countermarch, and deployment ; faced
to the riffht and to the left^ by a change of direction
by the flank; and then deployed.

5. To ploy the battalion into oolnmn by division at

half distance.
This movement is the same as ploying into close
column, pp. 96-99, with the sole difference of the
substitution in the commands of column at half distance
for close column.

6. To ploy the battalion into eolnmn by company at

naif distance, and to form it into line.

To ploy the column, conform to all that has been
explained, p. 96 and following ; there is no other dif-
ference than the substitution in the commands of
company for division.

The column at half distance may be formed into line
of battle:

1st. To the left (or right) at a halt, by taking dis-
tance, (pp. 89,90,) or while marching. In the latter case.

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108 TO PLOY Tfll BATTALION INTO DOUBLX COLUMN.

BZPLAHAnOH or TBI

MoTxiawTS.

OOMMAIIM

0»

Thi OoLomL.

or TBI CAPTAim

OF
COMPAMIES AHS

Itavisioire.

the colonel comnumds 1. Bytherear

of column,
left (or
right) into
line wheel,
2, Mabch.

At the command Maboh, the guide of the eighth
company halts short, and the company wheels to the
left, (as at a halt,) its right guide springing upon the
line faced to the left ; the company is dressed to the left
The right general guide proceeds rapidly to the
front and upon the prolongation of the two guides
already placed. All the other companies continue te
march forward, their captains being on the left flank.
As soon as the serenth company arrives abreast of the
right guide of the eighth, it likewise wheels to the left;
its right guide springs upon the line, faced to the left,
and so on successiyely for the six other companies.

2d. On the right and on the left into line, as has
been explained, p. 39.

8d. Forward into line by deployment, after haying
closed in mass.

4th. Into line faced to the rear, as when at full
distance, pp. 85, 86.

7. To ploy the battalion into doable oolomn.
If it be desired to*^

form column at com- |
pany distanee, the co- I
lonel commands

1. Double CO-
lumnathaff
dietance.

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TO PLOT THE BATTALION INTO DOUBLX COLUMN. 109

EZTLAKATION OF TBI

UoYiioins.

Commands

Thi Colonxl.

or XBi CAPTAurs
or

COMPAiniS AND

Dnnsioirs.

The captains place
themselyes in front of
the centre of their com-
panies, and caution them
as to what they are to do.
The coTering-sergeants
step into the front rank..

The fourth and fifth
companies stand fast, the
three first face to the left,
and the three last to the
right.

Both sets break to the
rear. The left and right
guides, respectively, and
the captains, place them-
selves on the inner flank
to conduct them to the

rear

The fourth and fifth
companies form the first
diyision ; the senior cap-
tain places himself two
paces in front of the
centre, and commands ...

The other captain places
himself in the centre in-
terval.

The third and sixth

2. Battalion,
inward
face.

8. Mabch.

Quide righu

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110 TO PLOY THE BATTALION INTO DOUBLE COLUMN.

Explanation of tbi
motkmints.

Commands

Thb Colonkl.

OF THs Caftadh

Companies and
D1TI8ION8.

companies march to meet
each other at the desired
distance, and when they
unite each captain com-
mands

1. Such eoffi-
pany,

2. Halt.

3. Front.

The left guide of the
third goes into the rank
of file-closers ; the cover-
ing-sergeant of the sixth
passes into the rear rank.
The junior of the two
captains places himself
in the centre interval;
the senior places himself
on the right, and com-
mands \. Right dr en,

2. Front.

In the same manner the second and seventh com-
panies unite to form the third division ; and the first
and eighth, to form the fourth division.

The lieutenant-colonel assures successively the

position of the guides, by placing himself in the rear.

The double column maybe formed while marching;

the second command of

Battalion^ hy
the right
and left
fiankt.

the colonel being.,

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TO HALT THE DOUBLE COLUMN.

Ill

BXtLANATIOlf or THB
MOTUCXNTS.

COMVANDS

Thk Golonxl.

or THI CAPVA^re

Companies and
Divisions.

The double column may be formed closed in mass
according to the same principles, and by the same
commands, only substituting in the first command dosed
in mass for at half distance,

8. To march in double oolumn, and to change direction.

The double column marches and changes direction
like a simple column, pp. 19, 20, 92, 100.

The double column should habitually haye the guide
rights but it may take the guide left or centre, according
to necessity.

9. To halt the double oolumn and deploy it forward.

The double column is halted like the simple column,
p. 22.

To deploy the column,
we make all the disposi-
tions indicated in the third
paragraph of p. 101, with

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112

TO HALT THI DOUBLE COLUMN.

SxpLANAnoir or tbb

UOYSMXMTB.

OOXIUIIDS

or THK CARAin

CoipAHBM lia>

the sole difference that
the two general guides
place themselves at the
two extremities of the
line of battle, the right
general guide on the
right, and the left on the
left.

The colonel then com-
mands «««^.«...

1. Deploy
column.

2. Battalion,
outward
face.

8. Masch.

The column is deployed by the principle of deploy-
tnents of close columns, pp. 101 and following.

At the command Maboh, the captains of the fourth
And fifth companies place themsehres on the right of
their companies respectively, and dress them to the
right.
After t]^e formation the

Chiidei —
Posts.

eolonel commands ,

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TO HALT THE DOUBLE COLUlfN.

113

Fig.84.

•I ! i I

I I crr.-rr=:r:r! i— i

If the colonel should wish to cause the fire by file to
be executed, he would inform the captains of the
fourth and fifth companies beforehand, and they would
immediately place themselves four paces in rear of the
file-closers and command the fire to commence as soon
as they should hear the command Fbont given, after
the alignment of the companies on their right and left,
respectively.

At the command Mre by file, given to the fourth
company, the marker A falls back opposite the left of
the thiid company, and the marker C steps into the
rank of file-closers.

At the same command given to the fifth company,
the marker B retires opposite the right of the sixth
company.

As soon as the captains of the third and sixth com-
panies have heard the command Front from the
second and seventh, respectively, they will give the
command to commence firing ; one of the guides will
retire into the rank of file-closers, and the other oppo-
site the next company, and so on for the remaining
companies.

The double column may be deployed while march-
ing — that is, without being halted beforehand — by the
8

Digitized by Google

114 TO FORM DOUBLE COLUMN INTO LINE OF BATTLE.

Explanation or thb

MOTBHBNTS.

ComCANDS

Thb Oolonkl.

OP JEM Captains

OP
COMPANIBS AND

DrviiaoNS.

following commands of
the colonel

1. Deploy co-
lumn.

2. Battalion^
by the right
and left
flanks.

8. March.

10. Td fom the double column into line of battle, faeed
to the right or left

To execute this moYement, the column should be at
half distance ; if it be closed in mass, it would be
necessary to cause it to change direction by either
flank, and then to deploy it.

But when the column is at company distance, the
colonel wishing to deploy it faced to the right, he
will command " -■ - •

The first four compa-
nies will wheel to the
right, by the means ex-
plained on p. 29, and the

1. Right into
line wheels
left compa-
nies on the
right into
line,

2. Battalion,
guide right.

8. March.

,y Google

TO FORM DOUBLE COLUMN INTO LINE OF BATTLE. 115

Explanation of thi

MOTUfSMTg.

Commands

Thi Oolonil.

or Toi Captains

of
Companies and

I>ITI8I0N8.

four last will come on the
right into line, by those
explained on pp. 87-89.

To form to the left, the
four last companies will
wheel to the left, and ac-
cording to the same prin-
ciples and by the com-
mand <

The double column
may be deployed upon
any company which may
be designated, at a halt,
or while marching; the
principles remain the
same. It will suffice to
indicate in the command
upon what company the
deployment is to be made.

1. Left into
line toheelf
right com-'
paniee on
the left into
line,

2. Battalion,
Guide left,

3. March.

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116

TO MARCH IN LINE OF BATTLI.

XXPI.4NATI0N or Tm
MoTsmim.

COMMAlffM

or
Thi Oolonil.

or TBI CAPVAm

or
OoMPAims Am

SIXTH LESSON.

1. To march in line of battle forward or in retroat, and
to paM oUtaelof .

If the battalion should not be correctly aligned, the

colonel will command.

And when they are
placed, faced to the right
upon the direction which
he wishes to give the bat-
talion, he will add

The captains of the first
three companies will place
themselyes on the left;
that of the fourth will
step into the rear rank.

The coTering-sergeants
in the right wing spring
upon the line faced to the
left, and the left guides in
the left wing spring upon
the line faced to the right.
Both sets of guides seek
to cover accurately the
colors and the general

1. Colors and
general
guides on
the line.

2. Guides on
the line.

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TO HARCH IN LINE OF BATTLE.

117

BXPLAITATION OF THB
MOTJEMKITTS.

ComfANDS

Ths CoLomo.

or thbCapTaihi

COMPAimtS ARS

Dinsioira.

guide before them, Irith-
out concerning them-
seWes about the other
guides.

When they are esta-
blished.....

The lieutenant-colonel
places himself in rear of
the color, and dresses the
fourth company.

The right wing is
dressed to the left, and
the left wing te the right.

8. Shoulder

arms,
4. On the

centre —

Dress.

5. Color and
guides —
Posts.

All the guides resume their places in line, as well as
the captains of the three first companies.

Fig. 35.

•■v

The battalion being correctly aligned, and supposed
to be the directing battalion, its colonel will intimate
his purpose tq the lieutenant-colonel, and will place
himself forty paces in rear of the color-file, at A, and
faced to the fn>nt. (Fig. 86). The lieut.-col. will place

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118

TO MARCH IN LINE OF BATTLE.

EXPLANAnON or THl
MOYEXENIS.

Commands

or
Ths Colokel.

or XHS Caftaim
or

COMPANUS A3Xb

DiYisiom.

himself a like distance in fronts at B, and will be
established upon the perpendicular by the colonel.

The color-bearer immediately takes two points on
the ground, and a third at a considerable distance
beyond, to assure his direction.

The colonel will then place himself sixty paces in
rear, at E, on the prolongation of the color and the
lieutenant-colonel, in order to establish on it the two
markers C and D, who face to the rear, and are placed,
the first twenty-five paces from the rear rank of the
battalion, the second twenty-five paces from the first.

The colonel will then

command (Fig. 86) .

The front rank of the
color-guard and the two
general guides march six
paces forward, and the
rear rank of the color-
guard step into the front
rank of the battalion.

The captains in the left
wing place themselves on
the left of their compa-
nies ; the covering-ser-
geant of the fifth com-
pany steps into the front
rank ; the sergeant on the
left of the battalion steps
into the rear rank.

The lieutenant-colonel

1. Battalion,
forward.

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TO MARCH IN LINE OP BATTLE.

119

EXPLAKATION OF TBI
MOVfiXSKTS.

Commands

or
Thk Colonel.

or IBS Captains

COMPANBS AND

DiTISIONS,

places himself twelve or
fifteen paces on the right
of the fourth company.
The major places himself
six or eight paces upon
either flank of the color-
rank

2. March.

Vig.8e.

,y Google

120

TO MARCH IN UNE OF BATTLX.

ExPiAirATioir or thi
Motudbsts.

COMMAKDS

or
Thi Colorzl.

OF THX CAPTAUm

GOMPAHIKS AXD

DnrmoHg.

When the battalion has marched a few paces, a third
marker, F, is placed in rear of C, at tVenty-fire paces.
The marker at D then quits his place and posts him-
self twenty-five paces in rear of F, and so on alter-
nately ; an officer is charged with placing these mark-
ers, and will hold himself constantly in front of the
marker farthest from the battalion.

During the march, the msgor places himself some-
times twenty-five or thirty paces in front of the color-
bearer, faced toward the markers, and upon their pro-
longation, to assure himself that the color marches
truly upon the perpendicular.

To march in retreat, the

colonel will command . .

If the rank of the color-
bearer and the general
guides are in advance,
they will at once resume
their place in line.

The color passes into
the rear rank, now be-
come the front.

The colonel and lieu-
tenant-colonel execute
what has been prescribed
pp. 117, 118.

If the battalion is that
of direction, the colonel
will cause two markers
to be placed, facing to

1. Face to the
rear,

2. Battalion,
about-^
Faoi.

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TO MARCH IN LINE OF BATTLE.

121

SXPLAITATIOIC or TBI
MOVXIONTS.

COMMAMM

ThsOolonxl.

or THi Captains

COKPARUS AN»

]>ZVI8I0X8.

the battalion: the first
marker, C, at twenty-five
paces in rear of the lieu-
tenant-colonel, B ; the
second, D, at twenty-five
paces in rear of the first ;
and so on alternately. If
the markers find them-
selves already behind the
rear rank, they only face
about with the battalion. 8. BattaUoUf
forward.

The color-bearer and the two general guides place
themselves eight paces in front of the rear rank. The
rear rank of the color-guard places itself in the rear
rank of the battalion, now become the front.

The covering-sergeants step forward into the line
of file-closers, and the captains step into the rear
rank, now front. The lieutenant-colonel places him-
self in front of the file-closers, on the right of the
fourth company.

All the rest is executed as in the march forward in
line of battle.

(Fig. 87.)

To refaoe the battalion
to the firont, the colonel
will command

Every one resumes his
place in Une of battle.

, Ihee to the

front,
, Battalion,

about-^

Fao&

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122

THE PASSAGE OF OBSTACLES.

ExPLAKAnoif or thi

HOYEIOlfTS.

COMXAHDS

Thx Colon jel.

or nuCAPTAiKS
or

OOMPAMIES ARO
DXVISIORS.

The painge of obftaoleik

Tliese moTements con-
sist in causing the masked
companies to ploy into
column at full distanxse^
in rear of the next com-
pany toward the color.

I^ for example, an oV
etaole is found in front of
the third company, the
colonel will command Zd tompansff

7he captain of the obstaeU.

,y Google

THE PASSAGE OF OBSTACLES.

123

SZPLAHATIOX or TBI

(TOMMAIfDS

Thi Colohkl.

OF THK CAPTAUfS
OF

Companies ahd
Divisions.

third company steps in
front of tho centre, and

adds

The captain then places
himself immediately on
the left of his company,
halts in person abreast
of the captain of the fourth
company, sees his own file
past him, and, when the
right guide arrives near
him, adds

As soon as the com-
pany recovers its dis-
tance, its captain com-
mands

The right guide will
march in the trace of tho
captain of the fourth
company.

The left guide of the
second places himself, as
soon as he can pass, on
the left of his company,
to preserve company dis-
tance between himself
and the right of the fourth.

1. Sd compel
ny, by the
left flank to
the rear in-
to column,

2. March.

3. Zd compa-
4. By the right
flank.

5. Ma&ch.

6. Guideright.

7. To the step
(or, if the
movement
has been
executed at
a double
quieky he
will com-
mand.
Quick time
— March.)

,y Google

124

THI PASSAGE OF OBSTACLES.

BxpiANAnoR or thb

Al0T£]CSZIT8.

C0MMAKD8

Thk Colorxl.

or VHs Captaiks
or

Ck)]CPAKIE8 AMD

Divisions.

Fig. 38.

As soon as ibe obstacle
has been passed, the co-
lonel will command

The captain of that
company adds

The company wheels to
the left, quickening the
step, and when it has
wheeled sufficiently

And when the company
arrives upon the line of
the other companies

If the obstacle occurs
before the three right
companies, the colonel
commands

Zd company,
forward in-
to line.

1. ITiree right
companies,
obstacle,

2, By the left
flank to ilie
rear into co-
lumn.

8. March.

1. By com-
pany, right
half wheel,

2. March.

3. Forward-^

4. March.

5. Guide left

6. ^ thcMtep,

,y Google

THE PASSAGE OF OBSTACLES.

125

BxPLAiTAnoir or Tin

MOYEMfiNTS.

GOXMANSB

Thi CoLoim.

or THE Captains

Companhs and

DinsioNS.

Each of the oompanies designated executes what
has been explained for the third, and all three march
in column at full distance, with the guide right be«
hind the fourth company.

Fig. 89.

The right general guide will conform to the morement
of the first company, and takes his place in the rank
of file-closers. To bring the oompanies again into
line, the colonel com-

mands .

The captains of each of
these will add

And when each captain
judges that his company

1. Three right
companies^
forward in-
to line.

2. Ma&oh.

1. By com-
pany, right
half wheel.

2. Maboh.

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126

THl PASSAGE Ot OBSTACLES.

Explanation or thb

MOTBMXim.

OOMMAIIM

OF
TBI COLONIL.

or THB Captauis

Companies anb

Divisions.

has wheeled sufficient-') 8. Forward —

ly, he will add / 4. March.

5. Ghiide left.

The rest is executed for each company as has been
explained for the third, p. 124.

If the obstacles chance to be in front of the left flank
of the battalion, the movement would be executed ac-
cording to the same principles and by inrerse com-
mands.

When the color-company meets an obstacle, it places
itself in rear of the first company on its left, if march-
ing by the front rank ; and on its right, if marching
by the rear rank. The major marches six paces in
front of the right or left of this company ; the color
and the front rank of its guard resume their places in
the company at the moment when it is to f)e^ce to the
left or right.

When the battalion is halted, to march in retreat,
having one or more companies obstacle the companies
face about at the same time with the battalion, and
march forward in column, by the rear rank.

If, in marching in retreat, it is desired to cause
these companies to come into line, they will oblique
on the side of their interval, each at the command of
its captain, and, when they come directly opposite
the interval, they mark time to wait for the battalion
to come up, and thus re-enter the line. If the color-
company comes thus into line, the color and the firont
rank of its guard resume their places in front of the
battalion, and the major places himself twenty>flve
or thirty paces in front, for the direction.

,y Google

CHANGE DIRBCVION IN LINE OF BATTLE. 127

ExPLAHAnov or no

MOTXMXMTS.

OoiaiAiiM

Thb Colonxl.

I or tat GAPT1IN8
or

I COMVAIOU AMD
DiVISIOXS.

If a number of centre companies meet with an ob-
stacle, each one places itself in column behind the
wing of the battalion to which it belongs.

2. To change direoUon in linA of battle, marehing
forward or in retreat.

To change direction to the right, when the battalion
is marching forward, the .
colonel commands 1. Change it-

The right only acts as recHoniothe
a piTot; the centre riffkt,
marches with a step of 2« Mabch
fourteen inches, and the
left with the full step of
twenty-eight inches.

The major places him-
self in front, and faced
to the color-bearer, and
is careful that the arc of
the circle described shall
neither be too great nor
too small.

The left general guide
holds himself constantly
dressed up on the color and
the right general guide.

To resume the direct
march, after the change
of direction, the colonel
will command

8. Forward—
4. March.

,y Google

128

OBLIQUS MARCH IN UNI OF BATTLS.

SXPLAHAnOH OF TBI

MoTuoam.

COMMAIIM

or
Thk Oolonil.

or THBCAPXAIHf

OOMPAKIS8 AH»

DIT18IOIT8.

The mi^or places himself thiHj or fortj paces in
front of the color, and faces toward the colonel, who
establishes lorn, by signs, upon the perpendicular.
The color-bearer takes immediately his direction.

The change of direction to the left» or when the
battalion is marching by the rear rank, is executed
according to the same principles.

S. Oblique mareh in line of battle*

The colonel will com-
mand 1. Biffht ob-

The major places him- liqiie.
self in front of the color- 2. Maboh.
bearer, faces toward him,
and watches that he is
always on a line with the
corporal in the rear rank
of the color-guard, and
that both oblique with
equal movement.

To resume the direct
march, the colonel com-
mands 3. Forward —

4. March.

The major then places himself thirty paces in firont
of the color-bearer, as has been explained in the first
paragraph of this page.

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TO CAUSE TAB DISPERSE TO BE BOUNDED. 129

4. To eanie tiie diiperie to be lonnded, and to rallj tlie
battalion in line in oolnmn.

At the signal for the disperse, the battalion will break
and disperse.

The colonel, wishing to rally the battalion in line
of battle, will cause the signal to the color to be sounded,
and at the same time place two markers and the color-
bearer, at company distance from each other, on the
direction he wishes to give the battalion.

At the signal to the color, all the companies will be
rallied by their captains six paces in rear of the place
they are to occupy in line of battle, and the color-
oompany will be established, to this end, promptly
against the two markers ; tl^e others will be marched
up to the line successively as in deployments.

If the colonel wishes to rally the battalion in co-
lumn, he will cause the assembly to be sounded, and
place two markers upon the ground which the first
company is to occupy.

At this signal, the captain of the first company ral-
lies it, and aligns it against the markers.

Each of the other companies is rallied at platoon
distance behind the one preceding it in column, and
dressed to the left.

Deployment of a battalion of skirmisherg. (Fig. 40.)

The colonel wishing to deploy his five left companies
a« skirmishers, on the right of the sixth, and to pre-
serre the three first as a reserVe, informs the lieu-
tenant-colonel and the major, the latter of whom
may bo, but not necessarily, charged with the com-
mand of the reserve. He indicates at the same time to
the lieutenant-colonel the direction which he wishes to
give the line, as well as the point where the right of the
sixth company is to rest, and to the comihander of the
reserve the ground upon which he is to establish it.
9

,y Google

130 DIFLOTMINT OT A BATTAUON OF SKIBMISHERS.

EXPLAMAnON OF TBI

Monrnoim.

TBI GoLoiriL.

COMPAimS AS»

Dnnsioifs.

The lieutenant-colonel places himself immediatelj
at A, eight or ten pacea before the right of the sixth
company, and the major (or adjutant, if the major
commands the reserve) a like distance before the left :
the colonel wUl then com-
mand ^.•»....- ••.»..•.• ^.... 1. Deploy as

sktrtniskers.
2. By com-

pany, at a

hundred

paces f on the

right of the

sixth com-
pany^ take

intervals.

The captains of the fifth
and sixth companies com-
mand

and will halt them when
they haTe marched eight
or ten paces forward;
they will then command..

The captain of the fifth

The captain of the sixth

1. Such com-
pany, for-
ward.

2. Guide right

3. March.

1. Dq^loy at
skirmiskert,

2. On the left
file tLi teik

paces take
intervaU.
8. On the right
file eU ten
paces take
tntervaU.

,y Google

DEPLOYMENT OF A BATTALION OF SKIRMISHERS. LSI

SsnAKAnoN or tbm
MoTiMszns.

Ooicia2n>4

or
Thb Oolohk.

or Tm Captaihi
or

O0 »AinM INB
DlYISIOICS.

The
fourth.

captain of the

1. Company J

2. Right fae^

1. Company ^

2. L^tface.

The captains of the
seventh and eighth ........

These dispositions be-
ing made, the colonel will
command , 8. March.

The right g^ide of the sixth company directs him*
self upon the point C, indicated to him by the lieu*
tenant-colonel, and the left guide of the fifth on the
point D, indicated to him by the major, (or ac^utant,)
five paces on the right of C. The two companies are
then deployed.

The fourth company marches one hundred paces
directly before it by the right flank, is halted, faced
to the fh>nt, and marched eight or ten paces forward
to deploy on its last file; its left guide directs himself
upon the point E.

The seyenth and eighth companies march by the left
flank ; the seyenth is halted when it has proceeded one
hundred paces, faced to the front, marched eight or
ten paces forward, and deployed on the first file; its
right guide directs himself on the point F.

The eighth company continues to march until it is
separated from the seyenth by a distance of one hun-
dred paces, and executes afterward the same moye-
ment as the last; its right guide directs himself upon
the point G.

,y Google

132 DIPLOYMSNT OF A BATTALION OF SKIRMISHERS.

Vig.40.
_F !^_ D

The first sergeant holds himself ten paces in revr
of the right of his company ; the second sergeant, a
like distance in rear of the left ; and the third, a like
distance in rear of the centre. The post of the first
lieutenant is thirty paces in rear of the centre of the
second platoon ; of the second lieutenant, a like dis-
tance in rear of the first platoon ; with each lieu-
tenant are two men.

The lieutenant-colonel and major (or ac^utant) fol-
low the deployment, after which they place themselyes
behind the colonel, H, who is two hundred paoee in
rear.

The company reserves are formed of a number of
designated files taken from the right or the left; the

,y Google

RALLY OP A BATTALION, 133

reserves of the fourth and fifth, united, are placed a
hundred and twenty paces in rear of the centre of
these two companies, at I ; that of the sixth, a hun-
dred and fifty paces in rear of that company, at J ;
those of the seyenth and eighth, at a hundred and
eighty paces in rear of the centre of these two com-
panies, at K ; they are thus formed in echelon, with
respect to each other.

The commander of the reserve companies, after
having received the order of the colonel, causes them
to face about, marches them thirty paces to the rear,
ploys them into column at half distance, and after-
ward places this column in rear of the centre of the
line, at the point or at the distance which shall have
been indicated to him.

If, instead of deploying forward, the deployment
should be by the flank, the companies would not
march less than eight or ten paces forward, as in the
preceding example, to deploy afterward on their £rst
or last file, according to their position.

If the battalion should be in column, it would be
deployed as skirmishers, by the same commands and
according to the same principles.

In this case, if the deployment is to be made for-
ward, the directing company, as soon as unmasked,
would march eight or ten paces in front of the head
of the column; the others would place themselves
successively on the same line, and would deploy as
soon as they should arrive upon this line.

If the deployment should be made by a flank, the
dispositions would be the same ; only the companies
would wait to deploy until the next company on thje
side of the direction should have finished the movement. .

Bally of a battalion deployed as skirmiBhers.

The colonel will annEtnge all the company reserves
as promptly as possible, in such manner as that each

Digitized by Google

134

KALLT OF A BATTALION.

XXPLAXATION OF XHB

Moynanrs.

CknncASBB

OF
TBX GOLOHIL.

OF TBM CAPXAISS

COKPAimS AID

DrnesLONS.

will constitute the .first front of a square, and will

then command \Balli/ on ihe\

I reserve, \

The skirmishers will start back at a run, and come
up on their respeotiye reserres to form suocessiyely
the other fronts of the square of which the resenre is
the first front. The first skirmishers who arriye will
form the lateral fronts; the last, the fourth front. All
arrange themselves in two ranks, without distinction
as to size, and face outwards.

These squares march toward the reserve companies
as spon as practicable, forming into column for thai
purpose.

If the reserve companies of the battalion are menaeed
by cavalry, they will also form square.

,y Google

OTH£K MODES OF TGBMINQ SQUARE.

135

EXPLANATIOir OP SHI
MOTIMXNTS.

COMMAHM

ThsGolohkl.

or THK GiPTAnra

CkmpANiis Ain>

Divituoirs.

OTHER MOJOSB 07 TOBMnfO SaiTABE.*

The column being by division at half distance, (Fig.
41,) right in front, or, if in any other disposition, being
put into that form, the

colonel will command .

1. Form
square,

2, Right and
left into
line, wheel.

* The modes of forming square now presented are those provided
in the anthorized U. S. In&ntry Tactics, and are introduced that this
n^anual may be uniform with that work in all resiwcts. Tlie variety
in the modes of forming square wUl, it is hoped, be a pleasant
Mature.

,y Google

136

OTHER MODES OF FORMING SQUARE.

EZPLAIfATIOK or THE
MOVEMXNTS.

Ooxmauds

or
The GoLOinL.

OF THE CAPTAOn

COMPAMIES ASD
DIVISION8.

At the first oommand, the lieutenant-colonel facing
the left guides, and the migor the right, will assure
their position on the guides of the fourth diyision, who
will raise and iuTert their pieces.

At the second command, the chief of the first diyi-
sion will caution it to stand (ast ; the captains of the
companies constituting the second and third diyisions
will step to the front of their companies and caution
them to wheel to the right, (or left.)

The color-bearer will step back into the line of file-
closers, and will be replaced by the corporal of his
file.

The chief of the fourth
diyision will then com-
mand

1. 4th divi-
sion, for-
ward.

2. Guide l^.
And will place himself

two paces outside the
left flank.

3. March. 8. Maboh.

At the command Marcth, the extreme files of the
first division face outwards. The companies of the
second and third diyisions wheel to the right and left
into line of battle, and the field-music advances a spaoe
equal to the front of a company.

The fourth division closes up to form the square.

When the square is formed, the colonel will com-
mand, Guides — Posts. (Fig. 42.)

,y Google

TO rOKlf OOLVMN.

137

XxKiAirAnoH or fmi
MomoNTS.

Commands

TU COLOHXL.

or THI C&lfTAIM

OF
COMPANIIS ANB

fig. 42.

aoooo^sy

g|a ^»

•^

'i1

offl

<>H

uRfl

^"aH

llaN

y •>■

IB"

\ /

°bH

^^^JB

^ H

The details of the moYement are made according to
the principles already laid down.

The fronts of the square are designated as already
stated.

The square may be formed while marching, accord-
lag to the same principles.

To form colunui.

The battalion being formed into square, when the
colonel shall wish to cause it to advance more than
thirty paces, he will com-

mand..

1. Form co-
lumn.

,y Google

138

TO FORM COLUMN.

COMUAXM

EXFIAN AnOH or TBI
MOTBHlHtH.

or TBI Captaihs
or

ThB GOLOICXL.

COMPAHIBS AXD

Diymows.

The chief of the first

front.....*....

1. IsieUvinon,

fortDord.

2. Guide left.

The chief of the fourth

firont will caution it to

stand fast.

The commander of the

second front........... ..••.•

1. 2d front,
leftfaee.

Ovv^^AA%^ *• \^m» *#••••••••••• ••••••

2. By eomr

pany, by

file left

The commander of the

third front.. ....... ...•..••..

1. U fr<mt,
rights

**HM r " %a A& ^r*»v • ••••••••• •••••••••

Facb.

2. JSy eow^

P^fny, by

Each captain of com-

fiU right.

pany in the second and

third front will cause the

first files of his company

to break to the rear

2. March.

BfAROH.

At the command March, all step out except the
fourth division, and resume the order in column.

But if the colonel desires to moTe the battalion
formed in square a less distance than thirty paees,
and in the direction of any Aront, it will be moTed in
square.

,y Google

TO rORX COLUMN.

139

EzpLAHATioir or na

MOYUfKNlB.

GOMMAHM

Thx Oolohel.

or tu GAPXAiiit

Companies iino

DinsioNB.

Thus, suppose the adyanoe be in the direction of
the first front, he will

command.

At the first command,
the captain of the first
division commands

l.ByUtfront

forward.
2. Maboh.

1. IstdiviHon^
forward.

2. Guide
centre.

The chiefs of the second and third fronts will faoe
them to the left and right respectiyely ; the captains
of the companies placing themselves outside and next
their right and left guides respectively. The captain
of the fourth front will

command lAthdivisiony

forward,
2. Guide
centre.

At the command March, the whole square is put
in motion, the lateral fronts being carefUl to maintain
their distances.

At the commands of the colonel, Battalion, Halt,
the square will halt ; the fourth front face about ; the
second and third face outwards, all by the commands
of the respective commanders.

The march in retreat, and the march in the direc-
tion of either lateral front, will be conducted accord-
ing to the same principles, according to the distance
to be gained.

,y Google

140

TO REDUCE SQUARE.

BxPLANAnoir or na

MOTXMINTS.

GOMMAHBS

Of
TBS GOLDiriL.

or THi Gapsaibs

Ck>MPAlCII8 AKD
DIVI8IOIC8.

These moyements in retreat or adyanee may also be
made while the column (or the square) is in motion, by
the commands of the colo-
nel, in the first case 1. To march

m retreat
2. Battalion,
right about.
8. March.

. At the second command, the file-closers of the second
and third diyisions (if in column) will place themselyea
rapidly before the front rank of their respectiye di-
yisions.

In the second case, when the battalion is marching
in retreat, the colonel

commands .^. 1. To march

in advance.
2. Battalion,
right about.
8. March.

When in column, the file-closers of the second and
third diyisions rapidly shift their positions.

To rednce square.

The colonel commands

1. Reduce

square,
2. March.

The moyement is the same as m forming column^ ex-
cept that the file-closers of the fourth front place
themselves behind the rear rank the moment it faces
about, and the field and staff, colors and musio return
to their places in column.

,y Google

TO RBDUCI SQUABS.

141

EZPUITATIOK OF TBI
MOYBMINTS.

COMXAIfM

THI CiOLOim..

or THB Capsains

GOXPANIBS AKA

I>XVI8I0NQ,

To form iqnare from lino of batUo.
To form square from line of battle, the principles
already prescribed apply, always obserring that the
column is formed in four diyisions and at company
distance, without doubling.

A fayorite mode of forming square in this manner

is firom double column at half distance, which may be

formed either from a halt or while marching.

When at a halt, the

colonel commands 1. Jh form

square,
2. Double
column at
half die-
tance,
8. Battalion,
inwardface.
4. March.

All of which will be executed as elsewhere pre-
scribed.

If the battalion is
marching, the colonel

oommands 1. To form

square.
2. Form dou-
ble column.
8. Battalion,
by the right
and left
flank,
4. Maboh.

,y Google

142

8QUARI8 IN FOUB BANKS.

ExPLiiTAnoK or thi
Mothonts.

OOMMAHBS

OF
THI Ck>LONB..

or THB Captairs

Companies akd

DinsioMB.

The cliief of the leading diyii ion will halt it at the
command Makch.

Sqntrei in fonr ranks.

If the battalion is in column of company at full dis-
tance, right in front, the colonel, wishing to form
■ square in four ranks, will

command .*. 1. To form

square in
four ranks,

2. To half
distance^
close co-
lumn.

3. March.
At the first command, tne chief of the first division

cautions the right company to face to the left, and the
left to the right : all the other divisions are cautioned
to march forward.

At the command Maboh, the right company of the
first division forms in four ranks on its left file, and
the left company in four ranks on its right file ; and
the division is dressed to the left.

The other divisions double their files in the same
manner while marching; each chief, as soon as the
formation is completed, commanding, Guide left; and
halting his division when he has attained company
distance.

When the fourth division is halted, the file-closen
move rapidly to its front.

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8QUAR1S m FOUR RANKS.

143

EZFLAlTAnOir OF TBI
MOYXMIKTS.

ComAITM

OF
ThB COMNIL.

OF f HI GAPTAUrS

COMPAimS AND

DlYISIONS.

The ranks may be undoubled at a halt by the com-
mand of the colonel 1. In two

ranks, un-
doublefiUa.
2. Battalion,
outward
face.
8. March.
When the inyerse process takes place.
Or the ranks may be undoubled while marching, by

the commands..

And when the ranks are
undoubled

1. Ouide
centre.

2. In two
ranhsy un-
double files.

3. March.

Guide left (or
right.)
The battalion being in four ranks, square may be
formed on a flank diri-
sion at a halt by the com-
mands

1. To form
square in
four ranks.

2. Column at
half dis-
tance By di-
vision.

8. Onthelsff

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144

SQUARES IN FOUR RANKS.

EZFL&NAnON or TBI
M0T1M15T8.

OOMMAMM

or
Tee Ooloiskl.

or thi*Captaib8
or

COMPAHnS JkHD

"Dmsian.

(or4<A)(i»-
viiion.
4. Battalion^
right (or
l^t) face,
6. March.

The column is formed by the means already pre-
scribed.
If the battalion is marching, the commands of the

colonel are 1. To form

square in
four ranks.

2. On the first
division,

form co-
lumn.

3. Battalion,
by the right
flank.

4. Maroh.

Or the square may be formed, the battalion being
in four ranks, by first forming double column at half
distance. If the battalion is at a halt, the commands

of the colonel will be..

To form
square in
four ranks.
2. Double .
column at
half dis^
tanee.

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OBLIQUl SQUABIS.

145

COMMAaiNI

SXFLAHAflOir or VHB

' MOTUoms.

OF 9HB GAPTAIira

Tmt OOLOHBL.

OOXPAMIIS AKD

Divisions.

8. BtOtdUon^

mwardi

face.

4. Maboh.

If the battaUon

marching, the oommands

will be

1. To form
square in

four ranks.

2. Formdow

ble column.

bythtright

and left

flank.

4. Maboh.

Oblique iqtiaref .

The battalion being in line of battle, the colonel

commands..^ 1. To form

ohUque
squaree,
2. On the first
division,
form eo'
lumn.

At the second command the lieutenant-colonel traces
the oblique alignment in the following manner: he

S laces himself jnst before the right file of the first
iTlsion, faced to the left, marches twelye paces along
10

Digitized by Google

146

OBLIQUE SQUARES.

SXPLAKAnOK or TBM
MOYBMIITT8.

OOMMAMSS

Thb Oolomxl.

OF THE GaPTAIBS

OP
GOMPAIflXS ASS

DinaiONS.

the front rank, halts, faees to the right, inarches
twelve paces perpendicularly to the front, and places
a marker at the point thus reached. The coyering-
sergeant of the right company steps before its right
file, and faces toward the marker. Another marker
is placed on this new line where the left of the division
is to rest.

The chief of the first division will wheel it to the
right and dress it to the left against these markers ;
the others will caution their divisions to face to the
right.

The colonel then com- 1

mands 3. BattaUon,

riff ht face.
4. March.

Column is thus formed in the new direction, and the
square is then formed according to the principles and
by the commands already prescribed.

When the battalion is ployed into column, in order
to form oblique square, there may be a partial change
of direction of the column by the right or l«ft flanki
and square be formed as prescribed.

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COLUMN AGAINST CAVALRY.

147

SZPKAirATION OF THI
H0VXMKNT8.

COMMAIIDS

THZ GOLOmEL.

or TBI Gaptaiks

OOMPANIBS AND

Divisions.

Column agmiiuit mtaItj.

Pig. 43.

A .

X-

If a column, closed in mass by division, (Fig. 48, ) is
suddenly threatened by cavalry and has no time to take
company distance, the co-
lonel w^ command 1. Column

against

cavalry,
2. March.

The leading division stands fast. In the interior
division the captain will mark ofif the number of files
necessary to close the interval between his company
and that in front of it. The captains of the division
next to the one in rear, in addition to closing the
interval in front, will also close up the interval which
separates this division from the last. The fourth
division is faced about, the file-closers passing rapidly
before the front rank. The guides step into the line
of file-closers. The outer files of the first and of the
fourth divisions face outwards and form to the right
and left into line. The files marked off in the other

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148

COLUMN AGAINST CAVALBT.

ZxTLhSATi m or ths

MOTXMBffTS.

GomuiiDS

or
TbiOolonkl.

or xsi Gapcaxms

CoKBAmm Axn
Vvnsiom,

diTisions form to the right and left, with the difference
that in the diyision next to the rear the first files that
eome into line close to the right or left until they join
the rear division. The files of the companies remain-
ing in column will then close outwards, making a
raoant space in the middle of Uie column. (Fig. 44.)

To reform column, the

colonel commands 1. Form co*

lumn,
2. Maboh.

Which is done in exactly inverse order. Tkelnnttr
files close inward, the others stepping backward to
their places, except those between the two rear divi-
sions, which return by a flank movement. The fourth
division faces about.

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TABLE OF LESSONS.

FIBST LESSON.

PAOB

1. To open ranks 9

2. To close ranks 10

8. Manual of arms, and loading at will 10

4. The different firings 11

By the fro£t rank 11

By the rear rank 14

SECOND LESSON.

1. To break by eompany to the right or left 16

2. To march in column at ftill distance 19

8. To halt the column and form it to the left or

right into line......... 22

4. The countermarch 26

5. Formations to the right or left into line by in-

Tersion. 26

THIRD LESSON.

1. To break by company to the rear by the right

or left 27

2. Column in route 80

8. To form the column forward and faced to the

rear into line... 82

4. To form the column on the right or on the left

into line 87

149

Digitized by Google

150 TABLE OF LESSONS.

PAOI

5. To march by the flank, and to form companies

and platoons while marching 40

6. The column arriving in front of, or behind,

the line of battle, to prolong it on this line. 42

7. Perpendicular and oblique changes of front... 44

8. To march by a flank, change direction by file,

to form by file on the right or on the left
into line 51

9. To pass a defile in retreat by the right or

left flank 52

FOURTH LESSON.

1. To break to the rear by the right or left by

division , 54

2. To march in column by division ; to break and

to form division 54

8. To close the column to half distance on the

leading or rear division 54

4. To march in column at half distance, and to

change direction *. 58

5. Dispositions against cavalry 58

6. To reduce the square ,.. 68

7. The square in four ranks 72

8. To close the column in mass, on the leading

or rear division 84

9. To march in close column and to change di-

rection while marching 86

10. To take distances by the head of column on

the leading or on the rear division 88

11. To break divisions, and to execute, by com-

pany, the movements indicated in articles
8, 4, 5, 7, 8, and 10 of this lesson 92

12. Being in column by company, to form divisions

at a halt 98

13. To form the column by division to the right

or left into line 95

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TABLE OF LS8S0NS. 151

FIFTH LESSON.

PAOl

1. To ploy the battalion into close column by

division 96

2. To execute the countermarch 99

3. To change direction to the right or left by the

flank of the column 99

4. To deploy the column •.% , 101

5. To ploy the battalion into column by division

at company distance 107

6. To ploy the battalion into column by company

at half distance, and to form it into line of
battle « 107

7. To ploy the battalion imo double column 108

8. To march in double column and to change

direction^ Ill

9. To halt the double column, and to deploy it

forward Ill

10. To form it into line, faced to the right or left. 114

SIXTH LESSON.

1. To march in line of battle forward, and in

retreat, and to pass obstacles 116

2. To change direction in line of battle forward

and in retreat 127

3. To march obliquely in line of battle 128

4. To sound the signal to ditperse, and to rally

the battalion in line and in column 129

Peployment of a battalion of skirmishers.... 129

Bally of a battalion deployed as skirmishers 133

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152 TABLl OF US30NS.

OTHER MODES OF FORMING SQUARES.

PAOl

1. To form eolimin 137

2. To reduoo square 140

8. To form square from line of battle - 141

4. Squares in four ranks 142

6. Oblique squares 145

6. Column against oavalry 147

SHB IKd

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MILIT.AJBY

PUiBLICATIONS

I^OM THS PKESS OF

J. B. LIPPINCOTT & CO,

Ikiladttpbiii.

>tiy of the books on this list will be sent by mail,
post paid, on receipt of the price named.

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J. B. Lippineott & Co/s Military Publications.

HoOLELLAH'S A£MI£S OF ETJBOFE.

THB ABMIBS OF BUROPB; oompriiing deaeriptioat la
detail of the Military STstems of Bngland, France, Bus-
tia, Prnssia^ Austria^ and Sardinia. Adapting theif
adyantaget to all arms of the United States Serrioe.
Bmbodying the Beport of Obserrationf in Bnrope daring
the Crimean war, as Military Commissioner from the
United States €k>yemment in 186&>56. By Obo. B. Mo-
OiMLLAJK, Mi^or-General U.S.A. Originally published
ander the direetion of the War B^artment, by order of
Congress. 1 vol. 8yo. Illastrated with a fine steel Por-
trait and seyeral hundred engrayings. $3.60.

*<0f the p nhUc et l oM ooeasloiMd by the crislfl^ doubtless the most
tmportant is the retssna^ in a form adapted to general dzcolation, of
the great report on the arades of Snrope of Geo. B. MoClellan, now
cominandiirtoehief of the armies of the United States.**— 2%«JMto>

<*The yoong oq^taln of oalTaryisnowami4oir^nera],andtohis
hands the destinies of oar nation are in a great measure intrusted;
and his hook will now be reoogniied as a popular necessity, and find
its way into the hands of the multitude.**— JVho Tcrk Times,

<*Ihe work contains all that yast body of detailed information per*
taining to tiie eqn^nnent, direction, and care of our military forces^
whiflk Is aetoaHy indkpensahle to ereiy oflker in the army, and may
be of the greatest senrlea to tmrj priyate in the ranks.**-^B0iiM

<*Ihe book Is iuTaluable to military men flmn the technical in-
temation and the sagadonstiews it presents. It is of the greatest
toterest to the public in general, from the striking rerelation It makes
of the charaotwr and genius of its modest and gifted author.**— JSontoii
JornnoL

**Ihe ycdume will be of great importance to the host of young
oAoers who are ambitioas to excel in the art or profession to whkh
Ihey haive now devoled themselTes.**— JViif Turk Am,

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J. B. UPPINOOTT * Co.'B
MILITARY PUBLICATIONS.

MeCleUan*8 Armies of Europe. 6to ,.....^. $8.(0

MeClellan's United fitates CaTalry. 12mo ^ 1.50

McClellan's Manual of Bayonet Exercises. 12mo. 1.25

McClellan's European Cavalry. 12mo.>,.s. 1.25

U. S. Rifle and Light Infantry Taotics. 1 vol..... 1.25
C. S. Rifle and Light Infantry Tactics, with Ques-
tions by Wilson *.. 1.60

Instructions for Outpost and Patrol Duty. 12dio.w 25

Hardee's Tactics — Rifle and Light Inf. 2 toIs... 1.50

Cooke's United States CaTahy Taotios. 2 toUu, 1.50

The Soldier's Handy Book. 1 toI 25

The Ordnance ManuaL Demy 8vo ,.... 2.50

Instruction in Field Artillery. Demy Syo 2.60

Cayalry Tactics <by Authority.) 8 vols. 18mo.^ 8.50

Jomini's Art of War. Demy6yo %«...... 1.40

Marmomt's Militury lastitutions. 12mo». »i. 1.00

ETolutiofiS of the Line. 18ffiO.....« •«^>.>« 50

Manual of BattaUon Drill. ISmo 40

Reyised Army Regulatioiis. 6yo.^ «•«... .....vm 1.75

Willard's Target Practice. ISmo.v 40

Maxims and InstrucUoiM on Art of War. ISmc 75

Schalk's AH of War. .12mo «.«..,. ^. 1.60

Duffield's School of the Brigade. ISmo 75

Major Mordecai's Report of the Military Commis-
sion to Europe — S<!hdn's Rifled Infantry Arms. 8.50
Guthrie's Comtnentaries on the Surgery uf War. 2JB5

Stromeyer and Esmarch — Gunshot Injuries 75

Gross's Milvtary Surgery. 18mo.. .%....> ^..^«. 50

Power's Anatomy lof th« Arteries. 12mo.. ..».%.« 2.00

Hospital Steward's Manual. 12mo.» ^... 1.25

Macleod's Surgery of the Crimean War. 12mo.^ 1.50

Longmore's Gunshot Wounds. 12mo * T5

Treatise on Military Hygiene..>,....*...*k.....v>...In press.

Military Encyclopedia In jn-ess.

J«bb'« Treatises on Attack and Defence In pren.

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MeCLELLAirS

MANUAL OF BAYONET EXERCISES.

PSBPABBB T0& THl V8I OT

BY GEORGE B. MoCLELLAN,

XAJOE-SIHIIAI. U. 8. ABUT.

Printed by order of fhe War Department.
One yol. 12mo. $1.25.

HSAlKtVAKTBU OF VHl AlMT, WMhlOgfeO^ I>-0.

flov. a M. OomAB^ Sherttanf tf TFIar.

Sb: HorawithlhaTetiiehonortoNlNBltaqritemofBftjoiietBz-
flrdfM, trandated Ihim die French t^ Obpt.Ctoa B. HoCMbm, Oorpf
Sngiiieen, U. B. Armj.

I strongly recommend ite being printed Ibr dletrllmtlon to the
Armj; and that It be made^ hj regolatlon, a part of the iTStem of
ioitmction.

The Inckwed extraete from reports of the Inspector-General, etc,
show the Tslne.

I hare the honor to be^ sir, with hlg^ respect, jov most obedleit
■ertanty WINIIIU) SOOR.

Approffsd. iX^GoimLA^aunimytfWat,

MCCLELLAND

EUROPEAN CAVALRY.

XimOPBAN OAVALBY, inolading dataili of the orgaal-
flation of the Caralry Senrioe among the prinolpal na-
tions of Europe; comprising England, France, Bnssia,
Prussia, Austria, and Sardinia. By Obo. B. MoClillav,
KiyJor-GeDeral XT. S. Army.

One Tol. 12mo. Fully illnstrated $1.25.

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IcCLELLAN'S

UNITED STATES CAVALRY.

RBaULATIONS AND INSTBUCTIONS FOR THl
FIELD SEBYICE of the United Statei CaTslij in Time
of War.

BT GEO. B. MoGLELLAN,

XAJOB^IimUl U. 8. ABUT.

One YoL 12mo. Folly Illnstrated $1.50.

To wUoli is added the Basis of InstraoUon for the U. S.
Cavalry, Arom the Anthoriied Taetios, — inolading the
formation of regiments and sqnadronSy the duties and
posts of officers, lessons in the training and use of the
horse, — illustrated bj numerous diagrams, with the sig-
nals and oalls now in use. Also, instructions for offioen
and non-commissioned officers on outpost and patrol
duty. With a drill for the use of cavalrV as skirmishers^
mounted and dismounted.

"The T<dnme is a eomplate msirasl foot llils arm of the aartloeyaDd
Mi Talue cannot be overrated. Qen. Mcdellan ei^Joyed almost ■»
equaled fteOities for perfecting himself in a knowledge of the moden
Sarc^Man lystenu of taettes while a mamber cf the Ooaunlarioa snt
by our Goremment to the Old World, and he has concentrated the
results of his obserrationa within this Tolome. No week on the
snl^eot coold haTe more weifj^t, and we can thini of ncme whioh
will be more naeftu while the countiy is prosecuting the war Ibr to
eodstenoe."— .A^enifV BtOUtin,

''The precepts contained in this Tolume are applicable to every
detail of duty which caTalry may be expected to perftirm In ttmeel
war in the field. It could not» therefore, be more Talual»le or more
timely than at present" e e e ''ErerycaTalry soldier ahoold
haTe it in his hands."— iVbrA jlmcHeaii.

"We question whether erer before, in the same oompaes, so much
practical informatloii on the caTalry arm of war WM collected. Bit
a thoroughly complete wKitm«etM» for cTeiymoQated soldier in tiht
serrice."— 2^ iVett.

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ORDNANCE MANUAL

— ♦ —

THE ORDNANCE MANUAL,

tn the ue af the Officen of the Army and atheTi.

fBRiBB jnxbwt m BBionur ov m wim mpaevminv.

Third editkm. One vol. demi-8vo. Folly UloBtrated
witii Engravings on steel. $2.50.

OOKTBNTS^— Olutp. L Ordnance. IL Shot and Shell.
m. ArtiUery Carriages. IV. Machines, etc for Siege
and Garrison Senrice. V. Artillery Implements and
Bqnipm ents. VL Artillery Harness and Cayalry Equip-
ments. VIL Paints, Lackers, etc VIIL Small Arms,
8words, and Accoutrements. IX. Gunpowder, Lightning
Bods. X. Ammunition of all kinds. Fireworks. XL
Equipment of Batteries for Field, Siege, and Garrison
Service XII. Mechanical Manoeuvres. XIII. Artillery
Practice, Ranges, Penetration, etc. XIV. Materials,
Strength of Materials. XV. Miscellaneous information,
Tables of Weights and Measures, Physical Data, Mathe-
matical FormnlsB, Ballistics, Tables, etc

OaOKlHOI DSPAKnOWT,

WiSHDiaTOir, Nov. 4, 1881.
^im. 8. Oamieov, Sterdary qf ITor.

It is rotpectftillj recommended tbat the revised edition of tke 0r4>
'^^oe Manual be published for the use of the Army.

WILLIAM MATNADIER,

Appteved, Iio'v. 4, ISoL
Tbomas a Soon,

AetiMg aeordtary nf War.

This most valuable work to persons engaged in the military serv.
loe and in the preparation of any of the various military suppHea
(the constmction of which it given in minute detail,) will also prove
«e«ftil to mechanics generally for the valuable tables and mifloellaae>
oof toformation which it pontaina.

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JOMINI'S

f HI ART OF WAR. By Barov B. Jomtn, CkncnJ tmi
Aid-de-Camp of the Emperor of Ruuia. A New Bdi-
tion, with Appendices and Maps. Translated from tlit
Froneliby Capt G. H. Mxin>BLLy U.S.A., Corps of Topo-
graphical Engineers, and Lieut. W. P. Cbaishili., U.S.A^
Corps of Engineers.

One vol. demi 8to« $1M.

BOUMAMJ or UOMTJMTS.

CkAP. I^PoU^ of War. H. MUitary Policj or the HiOoM^hy of
War. m. Strategy. IT. OnadTRM^tics and Battles. T. OTBtf-
fcrent mixed Operatloiis which participate at the same time of
Strategy and Tactics. YI. Logistics, or the Practical art of moring
Armies. Til. The Formation and E uipl uy m e n t of Troops Ibr
Combat Concliuioa. SuprLBMUn. Amnuois.

MARMOHT'S
MILITABT INSTITUTIONa

THE SPIRIT OP MILITARY INSTITUTIONS, from
the latest Paris edition. Translated, with Notes, by
Henbt Coppbb, Professor In the Uniyerritj of Pennsyl-
Taaia, and late a CantalA In the Aimj of the United
States. lYol. 12mo. $1.00.

TUs hook oonmus» m a nuui compass, the principles of the art «l
war, as learned and practiced by this great marshal during tte Nap^
leonlo wars. It treats of strategy, tactics, and grand taotks; of Urn
organization and formation of armies; the princ^jdesof fartlftoatioa;
•f military Jnstioe; wan offondTe and defeasiTe; mardkes and e«>
eampmentfl, reconndasancee, battles; and Tariona important topka
faolnding the tactiss of the three arms, as affiled in actoal BMyfe>
■Mats before the eaemy^— with the pecnliarcharacterlstics and dvlhs
of fleoeral ollloen.

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HARDEE'S TACTICS.

Bifle and Light InfEmtry TaetioB,

For the Exercise and MaxMSuvres of Troops wheB
acting as Light Infantry or Riflemen.

Prepind uler tke feedioi of the fir leptrtMit

By Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel W. J. HABDEB,

U.S.A.

'XNvo "Vols, complete. $l.(IO.

VOL.. I.

Solioolt of the Soldier and Company; Intiru**

tion for Skirmithert.

VOL. II.
School of the Battalion.

This work is a careftil revision of the rifie and light in-
fontry tactics for the exercise and manaeuvres of troops
when actiog as light infantry or riflemen. It was prepared,
under the direction of the War Department, by Brevet
Lieutenant-Colonel Wx. J. Hardbe, late Tactical Instructor
at West Point. Hardee's Tactics have been adopted as the
text-book in the military establishments of nearly every
Ptate in the Union, and hold a high rank among military
men as of great practical utility in the light infantry arm.
The work is prepared in a clear and lucid manner and with
numerous pictorial illustrations. The famous Chicago
Zouave drill is essentially Hardee's tactics, with the excep-
tion of some few fancy movements of no utility except to
give a finish to an exhibition drill. The work is printed io
elear type, and is invaluable as a book of instruction to o«i
folunleer coTy9.^Ktm York Mtruld, Jan. 2S, 18«L

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msTRocnoN in field abtelery.

Prepared by a Board of Artillery Offieeri.
ONE VOU 8vo. $2.50.

Baltimori, Md., Jan. 15, 186t.
OoL 8. CoopiR, A4f^-^n> U.S.A.

Sir:— The Light Artillery Board assembled by Bpeeifll
Orders Ko. 134, of 1866/ and Special Orders No. 116, of
1858, has the honor to submit a revised system of Light
Artilleiy Taoties and Regulations reeommended for that

Wx. H. Wnrnvon, Bu Major, CapU Firtt ArtUUry,
William F. Barrt, Copt Second ArtiUery,
Hbnbt J. HuHT, ^1. Major, CapU Second ArtitUrf,

CAVALRY TACTICS.

PVBLISHBD BT ObDIB Of THB WaB 0BPABTMBHT.

First Part:

Sehool of the Trooper; of the FlatooB and 9t tiie

Bquadron Bismoimted.

Second Part:
Of the Platoon and of the Squadron aonntei.
Tliird Part:
Erolntiona of a Begiment
*Tliree "Vols. ISmo. $a.60.
Wab Bbpartmbht, Wa»hingto», Feb. 10, 1841.
The system of Cavalry Taodos adapted to the organisa-
tion of Bragoon regiments, having been approved by thi
President of the United States,' is now puUished for tU
government of the said service.

Accordingly, instruction in the same will be given aflv
the method pointed out therein; and all additions to off
departures from the exercises and manoeuvres laid down ^
this siyitem are positively forbidden.

J. R. POINSETT, Seereiwy of Wmr.

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13-2" A.TTXHORIX'yj

VHITED STATES

mFANTRY TACTICS:

FOR THB

Instructioni Exercise, and Manoeuvres

OF THB

U. S. INFANTRY;

nrOLUDIV^

IHFANnT OF THB LINE, LIOIT IlTFAHTRTt AHU
BIFLEMEir.

Prepared under the direction of the War Department^ and

authoriied and adopted bj Simon OAmBOir,

Secretary of War.

OONTAIKINO

The School of the Soldier; The School of the Company;

iBBtractloa Ihr Sklmlshns;

The CteBena Calls; The Calls for Bklrmlshei«»

ABi the School of the Battalloa;

mOLUDXIfO
▲ DIOTXONABY 07 ■ICZLITABY TSSm.

One Volume^ completCy illustrated with nvmerotis En-
gravings. $1.25.

War DsPABTiraiT, WcuhingUmy Haj 1, 1861.
Tbif Syetem of United. States Infantry Tactics for Light In&ntry
and Riflemen, prepared under the direction of the War Department
haTing been iHn>roTed by the President, is adopted for the instruc-
tion of the troops wlien acting as light Infantry or Riflemen, and,
nnder the act of May 12, 1820, i»r the observance of the militia
' I io employed. SIMON CAMERON.

Secretary of War,
97

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MOQLELL AN'S BAYONET E XERCISES.
MANUAL OF BAYONET EXERCISES.

Prepared for the use of tb.e jVni&y at the
XJnited States.

By GEORGE B. McCLELLAN, Capt. First Regi-
ment Cavalry, U.S.A.

Printed by order of the War Bepartment.
One Vol. l2mo. $1.25.

Headquarters of ths Arkt, )
Washington, D.C, December 31, 185L j

Hon. G. M. Conrad, Seeretary of War.

Sir : — Herewith I hare the honor to submit a system of
Bayonet Exercise, translated from the French by Captain
Obo. B. McClellan, Corps Engineers, U.S. Army.

I strongly recommend its being printed for distribution
to the Army; and that it be made, by regulation, a part
of the " System of Instruction."

The enclosed extracts from reports of the Inspector-
General, etc., show the value.

I have the honor to be, sir, with high respect, your most
obedient senrant, WINFIELD SCOTT,

R. Jones, AdJutant-OeneraL

Approved. 0. M. Conrai), Seertiary of War, Jan. 2,
1852.

Any of the foregoing works forwarded by mail, free
ef postage, on the receipt of the published price. Re-
mittances can be made in gold dollars and postage-
•tamps. Address

J. B. LIPPINCOTT & CO.

PublisherSy Booksellers, and Stattonen,

Vo^ 22 & 24 North Fourth Street, PhUadelpbiiu

101

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