Document text
Principal Investigator: Claudia Michele Toledo-Corral
Organization: CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY NORTHRIDGE
Fiscal Year: 2024
Award: $178,667
Funding agency: National Institute of General Medical Sciences
PROJECT SUMMARY
It is estimated that by 2050, Latino/a/x will compose over half of the California population, highlighting the
critical priority for understanding cardiometabolic health risk in this population. Latinx have a 50% lifetime risk
of developing type 2 diabetes and other chronic diseases, a result of a complex mixture of predisposition,
health behaviors, and environmental factors. A common physiological mechanism associated to chronic
diseases is a failure to maintain homeostasis during times of persistent stress. While ample evidence supports
a role of psychosocial stressors on allostatic load, several important challenges have not been yet addressed
in Latinx youth, such as the role of racial/ethnic discrimination; therefore there is an urgent need to examine
the impact of racial discrimination along with wide-ranging profiles of psychosocial and environmental
stressors, in-depth phenotyping of allostatic load, and pertinent biomarkers to identify subsets of high
cardiometabolic disease risk individuals. The overarching aim of this proposal is to characterize allostatic load
(the result of cumulative stressors on physiology via alterations in brain or nervous system physiology)
associated with socio-environmental stressors focused on perceived and imposed (environmental) racial
discrimination in Latinx youth. We will leverage a body of literature specific to Los Angeles area Latinx youth to
develop an evidence-based allostatic load index and to determine the role of racism, alongside other salient
predictors of allostatic load. To test our aims, we will collect two separate waves of data (2-years apart) from
the same subjects, Latinx or White, late adolescents/young adults. Data collection will consist of serum and
saliva biospecimens for determination of allostatic load indices. A comprehensive panel of 20 allostatic load
makers will be utilized representing neuroendocrine, cardiovascular and metabolic components, markers that
were specifically selected based on existing literature on allostatic load and knowledge on pathophysiology
associated with type 2 diabetes risk in Latinx youth. Additional measures include a cumulative measure of
environmental burden (as determined by CalEnviroScreen 4.0), and comprehensive measures of
discrimination, psychosocial stress, and health history and behaviors (family history of type 2 diabetes, diet,
physical activity, smoking, and sleep). To our knowledge, this will be the first longitudinal study in Latinx vs.
White youth specifically designed to characterize allostatic load profiles and to examine the role of racial/ethnic
discrimination.
Terms: <12-20 years old><21+ years old><Active Follow-up><Address><Adolescence><Adolescent><Adolescent Youth><Adult><Adult Human><Adult-Onset Diabetes Mellitus><Advocate><Aeroseb-HC><Age><Area><Autoregulation><Awareness><Behavior><Biological><Biological Markers><Blood Serum><Brain><Brain Nervous System><California><Cardiometabolic Disease><Cardiometabolic Disorder><Cardiovascular><Cardiovascular Body System><Cardiovascular Diseases><Cardiovascular Organ System><Cardiovascular system><Cetacort><Chronic><Chronic Disease><Chronic Illness><Clinical><Cognitive Discrimination><Communities><Complex Mixtures><Cort-Dome><Cortef><Cortenema><Cortisol><Cortispray><Cortril><Data><Data Collection><Dermacort><Development><Diet><Discrimination><Disease><Disorder><Dysfunction><Ecological impact><Eldecort><Encephalon><Environmental Exposure><Environmental Factor><Environmental Impact><Environmental Protection><Environmental Risk Factor><Epidemiologic Research><Epidemiologic Studies><Epidemiological Studies><Epidemiology><Epidemiology Research><Ethnic Origin><Ethnicity><Evaluation><Exhibits><Exposure to><Failure><Family><Family Medical History><Family Medical History Epidemiology><Family history of><Functional disorder><Future><Genetic><HPA axis><Health><Health behavior><Heart Vascular><High Prevalence><History><Homeostasis><Hydrocortisone><Hydrocortone><Hytone><Immune system><Individual><Interdisciplinary Research><Interdisciplinary Study><Intervention><Intervention Strategies><Ketosis-Resistant Diabetes Mellitus><Knowledge><Latina><Latine><Latino><Latinx><Latinx group><Latinx individual><Latinx people><Latinx population><Link><Literature><Long-term cohort><Longitudinal Studies><Longitudinal cohort><Longterm cohort><Los Angeles><Maturity-Onset Diabetes Mellitus><Measures><Mentors><Metabolic><Metabolic syndrome><Multidisciplinary Collaboration><Multidisciplinary Research><NIDDM><Nervous System Physiology><Neuroendocrine><Neuroendocrine System><Neurologic function><Neurological function><Neurosecretory Systems><Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes><Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus><Noninsulin Dependent Diabetes><Noninsulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus><Nutracort><Onset of illness><Pattern><Perception><Phenotype><Physical activity><Physiologic><Physiological><Physiological Homeostasis><Physiology><Physiopathology><Policies><Pollution><Population><Predisposition><Preventative measure><Preventive measure><Procedures><Proctocort><Psychosocial Stress><Puberty><Race><Races><Recording of previous events><Research><Risk><Role><Saliva><Schools><Serum><Sleep><Slow-Onset Diabetes Mellitus><Smoking><Social Environment><Social Justice><Social Policies><Stable Diabetes Mellitus><Stress><Students><Susceptibility><System><T2 DM><T2D><T2DM><Targeted Research><Testing><Time><Training Programs><Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus><Type 2 diabetes><Type II Diabetes Mellitus><Type II diabetes><Universities><Youth><Youth 10-21><active followup><adolescence (12-20)><adolescent minority><adult onset diabetes><adult youth><adulthood><ages><allostatic load><ambient air pollution><bio-markers><biologic><biologic marker><biological adaptation to stress><biomarker><built environment><burden of disease><burden of illness><cardiometabolic><cardiometabolism><cardiovascular disorder><catalyst><chronic disorder><circulatory system><cost><design><designing><developmental><diabetes risk><diets><differences due to race><differences in race><differs by race><differs in race><discrimination based on ethnicity><discrimination based on race><discrimination due to race><disease burden><disease onset><disease risk><disorder onset><disorder risk><disparities in race><disparity due to race><disparity in ethnic><environmental justice><environmental risk><environmental stresses><environmental stressor><epidemiologic><epidemiologic investigation><epidemiological><epidemiology study><ethnic based disparity><ethnic difference><ethnic disadvantage><ethnic discrimination><ethnic disparity><ethnic inequality><ethnic inequity><ethnicity difference><ethnicity disparity><ethnicity-based discrimination><evidence base><experienced discrimination><follow up><follow-up><followed up><followup><health related behavior><high risk><high risk group><high risk individual><high risk people><high risk population><histories><hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis><hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis><hypothalmus-pituitary-adrenal axis><indexing><inequality due to race><inequity due to race><innovate><innovation><innovative><interventional strategy><juvenile><juvenile human><ketosis resistant diabetes><life-time risk><lifetime risk><long-term study><longitudinal outcome studies><longterm study><maturity onset diabetes><microaggression><mid life><mid-life><middle age><middle aged><midlife><minority children><minority youth><nervous system function><novel><outdoor air pollution><pathophysiology><pediatric minority><perceived discrimination><perception of discrimination><poor health outcome><prevent><preventing><programs><psychosocial><psychosocial stresses><psychosocial stressors><public health intervention><race based differences><race based disparity><race based inequality><race based inequity><race differences><race discrimination><race disparity><race related differences><race related disparity><race related inequality><race related inequity><race-based discrimination><race-related discrimination><racial><racial background><racial difference><racial discrimination><racial disparity><racial inequality><racial inequity><racial origin><racially different><racially unequal><racism><reaction; crisis><reduced health outcome><self-reported discrimination><social><social climate><social context><social culture><social determinants><social implication><social role><socio-cultural><socio-demographic factors><sociocultural><sociodemographic factors><sociodeterminant><socioenvironment><socioenvironmental><stress response><stress; reaction><stressor><suburb><suburban><suburbia><tool><type 2 DM><type II DM><type two diabetes><virtual><worse health outcome><young adult><young adulthood><young minority>