Document text
Principal Investigator: Daniel A Hackman
Organization: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
Fiscal Year: 2024
Award: $637,055
Funding agency: Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
Project Summary
Neighborhoods are an important ecological context for child and adolescent development and a social determinant of physical health, mental health, and school achievement. Research has begun to elucidate the associations between neighborhood characteristics and brain structure, function, and behavior in relation to executive function (EF) emotion regulation (ER), and emotional processing which may contribute to these short- and long- term differences in health and development. Nevertheless, there are no population-based studies that have examined the relation between neighborhood characteristics, and changes in neighborhood characteristics, with longitudinal changes in neurodevelopment to determine if differences widen, narrow, or remain stable during adolescence, a potential sensitive period. Moreover, there has been limited consideration of how associations may vary across the country. In addition, neighborhood characteristics may increase vulnerability to major stressors and changes in schooling, such as the changes that occurred in youth’s experiences during a public health disruption. These multi-dimensional changes in youth environments, stress, and schooling may exacerbate neighborhood-related differences in neurodevelopmental systems. Finally, it is important to understand resilience and the modifiable contextual factors that may protect against both neighborhood characteristics and the impact of changes in youth environments, stress, and schooling. This proposal will use the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study to address these questions. The ABCD Study enrolled 9-10-year-olds (n = 11,878) across 21 U.S. sites, contains multimodal measures of neurodevelopment for EF, ER, and emotional processing and rich measures of family, school, and neighborhood contexts, as well rapid measurement of the impact of a public health disruption on experiences. This study will capitalize on the staggered timing of the onset of a public health disruption in the ABCD cohort, which occurred between varying waves of data collection across participants. This creates a quasi-experimental design with the study separated into a pre-disruption and post-disruption onset phase. We will determine the association between neighborhood characteristics, and neighborhood change, and longitudinal change in brain and behavioral development, prior to a disruption (Aim 1). Second, we will examine if multi-dimensional change in youth environments, stress, and schooling overall during a public health disruption, as well as specific changes, exacerbate neighborhood related differences, with pre-disruption measures serving as controls for post-disruption measures. (Aim 2). Finally, we will elucidate the modifiable family, community and school factors that serve as moderators and foster resilience (Aim 3). This study will thus identify potential neurodevelopmental pathways related to neighborhood characteristics and changes in youth environments, stress, and schooling and identify modifiable contextual factors that are potential targets for policy and programmatic interventions to promote health and well-being and inform strategies to prevent long-term sequelae to major stressors and disruptions.
Terms: <0-11 years old><10 year old><10 years of age><12-20 years old><Achievement><Achievement Attainment><Address><Adolescence><Adolescent><Adolescent Development><Adolescent Youth><Age><Application Context><Attention><Behavior><Behavioral><Brain><Brain Nervous System><Buffers><COVID burden><COVID crisis><COVID epidemic><COVID pandemic><COVID-19><COVID-19 affected><COVID-19 burden><COVID-19 consequence><COVID-19 crisis><COVID-19 disease burden><COVID-19 effect><COVID-19 epidemic><COVID-19 era><COVID-19 global health crisis><COVID-19 global pandemic><COVID-19 health burden><COVID-19 health crisis><COVID-19 impact><COVID-19 impacted><COVID-19 pandemic><COVID-19 period><COVID-19 public health crisis><COVID-19 related burden><COVID-19 years><CV-19><Characteristics><Child><Child Development><Child Youth><Childhood><Children (0-21)><Cities><Collection><Communication><Communities><Coronavirus Infectious Disease 2019><Country><Data><Data Collection><Data Set><Development><Disadvantaged><Disasters><Discipline><Disparities><Disparity><Economic Burden><Education><Educational aspects><Emotional><Emotions><Encephalon><Enrollment><Environment><Equity><Family><Fostering><Health><Health Promotion><Inequity><Infant and Child Development><Intervention><Intervention Strategies><Longitudinal Studies><Measurement><Measures><Mental Health><Mental Hygiene><Neighborhoods><Neural Development><Neurocognition><Neurophysiology - biologic function><Outcome><Parents><Participant><Pathway interactions><Personal Satisfaction><Phase><Policies><Population Study><Position><Positioning Attribute><Predisposition><Preventative strategy><Prevention><Prevention strategy><Preventive strategy><Psychological Health><Public Health><Quasi-experiment><Quasi-experimental analysis><Quasi-experimental approach><Quasi-experimental design><Quasi-experimental methods><Quasi-experimental research><Quasi-experimental study><Quasi-experimental technique><Reporting><Research><Rest><Risk><Risk Factors><Role><SARS-CoV-2 burden><SARS-CoV-2 disease burden><SARS-CoV-2 epidemic><SARS-CoV-2 global health crisis><SARS-CoV-2 global pandemic><SARS-CoV-2 infection burden><SARS-CoV-2 pandemic><SARS-coronavirus-2 epidemic><SARS-coronavirus-2 pandemic><Salutogenesis><Schools><Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoV 2 epidemic><Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoV 2 pandemic><Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 epidemic><Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic><Site><Social Support System><Stress><Structure><Support System><Susceptibility><System><Time><Variant><Variation><Youth><Youth 10-21><adolescence (12-20)><age 10 years><ages><behavior change><burden of disease><burden of illness><burden to community><classroom environment><cognitive development><cohort><college atmosphere><collegial atmosphere><collegiate atmosphere><community burden><community level disadvantage><contextual factors><coronavirus disease 2019><coronavirus disease 2019 consequence><coronavirus disease 2019 crisis><coronavirus disease 2019 effect><coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic><coronavirus disease 2019 global health crisis><coronavirus disease 2019 global pandemic><coronavirus disease 2019 health crisis><coronavirus disease 2019 impact><coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic><coronavirus disease 2019 public health crisis><coronavirus disease crisis><coronavirus disease epidemic><coronavirus disease pandemic><coronavirus disease-19><coronavirus disease-19 global pandemic><coronavirus disease-19 impact><coronavirus disease-19 pandemic><coronavirus infectious disease-19><design><designing><developmental><differences in health><disadvantaged community><disease burden><disparate effect><disparate impact><disparate result><disparity in health><education atmosphere><educational atmosphere><educational environment><emotion regulation><emotional functioning><emotional regulation><enroll><executive control><executive function><experience><gray matter><health difference><health disparity><inequitable effect><inequitable impact><inequitable outcome><innovate><innovation><innovative><intellectual atmosphere><interventional strategy><juvenile><juvenile human><kids><learning atmosphere><learning environment><life span><lifespan><long-term sequelae><long-term study><longitudinal outcome studies><longterm study><multi-modality><multimodality><neighborhood barrier><neighborhood disadvantage><neighborhood-level barrier><neighborhood-level disadvantage><neural function><neural imaging><neuro-imaging><neurodevelopment><neuroimaging><neurological imaging><outcome disparities><outcome inequality><outcome inequity><pandemic><pandemic disease><parent><pathway><pediatric><physical conditioning><physical health><population-based study><population-level study><post-COVID><post-COVID-19><post-coronavirus disease 2019><post-pandemic><pre-pandemic><promoting health><protective factors><public education><public health intervention><resilience><resilient><school atmosphere><school climate><school disruption><severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 global health crisis><severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 global pandemic><social determinants><social role><sociodeterminant><stressor><studies of populations><study of the population><substantia grisea><ten year old><ten years of age><training atmosphere><unequal effect><unequal impact><unequal outcome><university atmosphere><well-being><wellbeing><youngster>